Academic literature on the topic 'Carpophores'
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Journal articles on the topic "Carpophores"
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Siwulski, Marek, Mirosław Ziombra, and Krzysztof Sobieralski. "Impact of light on yielding of some Pleurotus sp. strains." Acta Mycologica 47, no. 1 (December 23, 2013): 65–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/am.2012.008.
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Light is an important factor deciding about yielding and morphological characters of <em>Pleurotus</em> carpophores. The objective of the research was to ascertain the impact of period and intensity of lighting on yielding and carpophore morphological features of four strains of oyster mushroom. The following strains were investigated: <em>P. ostreatus</em>: PX, K22 and P80 strains, <em>P. pulmonarius</em>: P20 strain. Fluorescent lamps with Day-Light were used to provide light in the cultivation room. The following lighting periods were used: 6, 10 and 14 hours/day and the applied lighting intensity included: 100, 300, 500 and 700 lx. Lighting exerted a significant impact on yielding. The highest carpophore crop was recorded when the applied lighting intensity was 500 and 700 lx for the period of 14 h/d. The highest mean mass of carpophores was recorded at 14-hour light exposure and 500 and 700 lx lighting intensity. Carpophore morphological features modified by the lighting period and its intensity included the cap diameter as well as the length and thickness of the stem.
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Ronikier, Michał, Anna Miśkiewicz, and Piotr Mleczko. "Presence and distribution of Suillus plorans in the Polish Tatra Mts (Western Carpatians)." Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 71, no. 3 (2014): 235–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/asbp.2002.028.
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<em>Suillus plorans</em> is a very interesting mountain ectomycorrhizal fungus, attached to <em>Pinus cembra</em>. The paper reports its presence in the Polish Tatra Mts as a new species for Poland, discusses its previous situation among macromycetes of Poland, and its conservation status. It includes detailed descriptions of carpophores and mycorrhizae specimens collected in Poland. Basing on records of both carpophores and mycorrhizae, a map of species' occurrence in the Tatra National Park was prepared and compared with the distribution of <em>Pinus cembra</em> in this area. Identity of mycorrhizae was assessed by a morphological study and confirmed by PCR-RFLP patterns analysis of carpophore and mycorrhizal mycelium.
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Lazarev, Vladimir. "Interactions of recombined mycelia of the fungus fomitopsis pinicola (Sow. Ex Fr) Karst. On PDA medium." Genetika 34, no. 1 (2002): 21–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gensr0201021l.
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The interaction of cultures from the recombined mycelia of the fungus Fomitopsis pinicola (Sow. ex Fr) Karst. was studied on PDA medium. The cultures were isolated from different carpophores and from different segments of the same carpophore originating from a felled beech tree. The interactions show that recombined mycelia of this species can be divided into numerous incompatible physiological "races" or "pathotypes", distinguished also by morphological features of the mycelia.
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Mpadi, Nkwe Charles, and Daniel-Bienvenu Mada Bangala. "Utilisation du champignon Pleurotus sajor-caju pour la délignification d’un substrat à base des hampes florales de bananiers (Musa spp.) et la production des carpophores comestibles." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 13, no. 7 (February 12, 2020): 3164–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v13i7.16.
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Les hampes florales des bananiers, riches en lignocelluloses, font parties des résidus végétaux largement impliqués dans la pollution environnementale à Kinshasa. C’est dans ce contexte que cette recherche a utilisé les champignons lignolytiques Pleurotus sajor-caju dans l’objectif de bio-délignifier des hampes florales des bananiers et de produire des carpophores comestibles de ce champignon. Dans la méthodologie employée, lesdites hampes florales ont été utilisées pour la préparation de quatre types de substrats dans lesquels elles ont représentée 52% (A1), 95,5% (A2), 79,4% (A3) et 45,9% (A4) de la masse sèche totale. Toutes ces préparations ont été inoculées par des mycéliums de Pleurotus sajor-caju, incubées à 28 °C jusqu’à la production des carpophores dudit champignon en vue de déterminer (1) le mélange le plus efficace du point de vue de la durée d’incubation, (2) le rendement en carpophores comestibles et (3) l’efficience biologique des substrats. Les résultats obtenus sont : les durées d’incubation des cultures jusqu’à la production des carpophores ont varié de 45 jours (A4) à 83 jours (A2) ; le rendement en carpophores comestibles et l’efficience biologique obtenus à partir des substrats A1, A3 et A4 ne sont pas significativement différents, tandis que A2 donne les plus faibles valeurs. Cette recherche confirme que les champignons lignolytiques comestibles, dont le Pleurotus sajor-caju fait partie, sont des agents efficaces pour valoriser les déchets d’origine végétale, à la base de la pollution environnementale, dans une perspective de production alimentaire et de lutte contre la malnutrition et l’insécurité alimentaire à Kinshasa.Mots clés: fongique, lignolytique, efficience biologique, valorisation, biodégradation.English Title: Use of the fungus Pleurotus sajor-caju for the delignification of a substrate based on banana flower stalks (Musa spp.) and the production of edible fungiThe floral stalks of the banana trees, rich in lignocelluloses, are parts of the agricultural residues extensively implied in the environmental pollution in Kinshasa. It is in this context that this research used the lignolytic fungus Pleurotus sajor-caju in the objective of bio-delignification of these residues of banana harvest and the production of edible mushroom. As methodology, the floral stalks of banana trees have been used for the preparation of four types of substrate in which they represented 52% (A1), 95.5% (A2), 79.4% (A3) and 45.9% (A4) of the total dry mass. All these four preparations have been inoculated by spawns of Pleurotus sajor-caju, incubated at 28 °C until the production of the carpophores of the aforesaid mushroom in order to determine the most efficient mixture concerning (1) the length of carpophore production, (2) the output in edible carpophores and (3) the biological efficiency of the substrates. The gotten results are: the lengths of incubation of the cultures until the production of the carpophores varied of 45 days (A4) to 83 days (A2); the output in edible carpophores and the biological efficiency gotten from the substrates A1, A3 and A4 are not meaningfully different, while A2 gives the weakest values. This research confirms that the lignolytic edible fungi, whose Pleurotus sajor-caju belongs to, are efficient agents to valorize the vegetable wastes which cause the environmental pollution, in a perspective of food production and struggle against the malnutrition and the food insecurity in Kinshasa.Keywords: fungal, lignolytic, biological efficiency, valorization, biodegradation.
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Rochon, Caroline, David Paré, Damase P. Khasa, and J. André Fortin. "Ecology and management of the lobster mushroom in an eastern Canadian jack pine stand." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 39, no. 11 (November 2009): 2080–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x09-118.
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The lobster mushroom, an organism resulting from the infection of Russula spp. by Hypomyces lactifluorum (Schwein.) Tul. & C. Tul., is common to Canadian boreal forests and has good commercial potential. Within a Pinus banksiana Lamb. stand managed for mushroom production, this study aimed to (1) document carpophore productivity (density, biomass per area) during three seasons, (2) compare productivity among three forest conditions (trails, forest strips between trails, and unmanaged forest), (3) establish ecological parameters related to productivity, and (4) define microhabitats where carpophores are present by using soil and vegetation descriptors. Mushroom density tended to be higher on the trails than under the canopy, but fresh biomass was higher in forest strips except in 2006 when midsummer precipitation was low. Trail management did not increase mushroom production but maintained it during periods of reduced precipitation. Productivity was positively related to the abundance of shade-intolerant plant species and to extractable ammonium, and negatively related to soil pH. Within the present study conditions, microhabitats suitable for the presence of carpophores had low pH, high available phosphorus, low Kalmia angustifolia L. cover, and small canopy gaps with shade-intolerant species. This study was the first step toward understanding the ecology and impacts of forest practices on the lobster mushroom.
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Mier, Norman, Sandrine Canete, Alain Klaebe, Louis Chavant, and Didier Fournier. "Insecticidal properties of mushroom and toadstool carpophores." Phytochemistry 41, no. 5 (March 1996): 1293–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00773-3.
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Intini, Marcello G. "Observations on the in vitro development of Armillaria carpophores." Mycologist 7, no. 1 (February 1993): 18–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0269-915x(09)80621-6.
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BERNILLON, JACQUES, JEAN FAVRE-BONVIN, MARIE-THÉRÈSE POMMIER, and NOËL ARPIN. "First isolation of (+)-epipentenomycin i from Peziza sp. carpophores." Journal of Antibiotics 42, no. 9 (1989): 1430–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.7164/antibiotics.42.1430.
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Christopoulos, Vasilios, Polyxeni Psoma, and Stephanos Diamandis. "Site characteristics of Tuber magnatum in Greece." Acta Mycologica 48, no. 1 (December 23, 2013): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/am.2013.004.
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Day after day it is being demonstrated that Greece hides a buried treasure in its forests. The wild black truffles <em>Tuber aestivum, T. uncinatum, T. brumale </em>and <em>T. melanosporum </em>and the white truffle <em>T. borchii </em>and recently <em>T. magnatum </em>are picked in a variety of forest ecosystems all over the country. The information which has been collected has initiated a national programme on truffle cultivation which, so far, has immense appeal, especially among young farmers. The discovery of carpophores of <em>T. magnatum</em>, the most valued white truffle in the market, triggered the interest in studying the site characteristics, botanical and pedological, in order to help farmers to cultivate the species in similar sites. All carpophores were found under hornbeam (<em>Carpinus orientalis</em>) along the banks of a creek on alluvial sediment. Soil analyses of four soil samples from truffle nests showed a narrow range of values of pH in water (7.57–7.78) and 1N KCL (6.94–7.07) and a similar granulometric soil texture.
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Fraile-Fabero, Raúl, María V. Ozcariz-Fermoselle, Juan A. Oria-de-Rueda-Salgueiro, Veronica Garcia-Recio, Damian Cordoba-Diaz, María del P. Jiménez-López, and Tomás Girbés-Juan. "Differences in Antioxidants, Polyphenols, Protein Digestibility and Nutritional Profile between Ganoderma lingzhi from Industrial Crops in Asia and Ganoderma lucidum from Cultivation and Iberian Origin." Foods 10, no. 8 (July 29, 2021): 1750. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10081750.
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Carpophores of Ganoderma lingzhi (GZ) from industrial crops in China were analysed and compared with carpophores of three Iberian strains of cultivated Ganoderma lucidum (GL) (Aveiro, Madrid, Palencia) previously genetically characterized. The genetic determination of all the fungi in the study coincided with the identification provided by the companies and entities that supplied the samples. Cultivation time ranged between 107 and 141 days. The analysis of total phenol content showed to be 56.8% higher for GL from Palencia than for GZ. Intraspecific variation was a maximum of 56% from GL. The content of antioxidants, both intraspecific and interspecific, was found to be strain-dependent with a maximum variation of 78.5%. The nutritional analysis shows that there are differences in dietary fiber, protein, ash and sodium content between GL and GZ. In fatty acids analysis, only trans fatty acids showed significant differences, being higher in GL. Protein profile and digestibility of GZ and GL-Madrid mushroom proteins were evaluated by digestion with simulated gastric fluid and were different. The two species were perfectly differentiated according to their protein profile. These results should be considered for nutritional and industrial applications.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Carpophores"
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Breheret, Sophie. "Etude des arômes produits par des carpophores de champignons supérieurs sauvages et par des cultures mycéliennes de Morchella et de Pleurotus." Toulouse, INPT, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPT017G.
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Les odeurs de champignons superieurs representent un critere d'identification non negligeable pour la mycologie descriptive. Des ouvrages recensent d'ailleurs des classifications d'especes de champignons en fonction de leurs odeurs. De nombreuses etudes ont ete realisees sur l'identification des molecules volatiles produites par les champignons, sans que la correlation avec l'odeur du champignon ne soit realisee. Notre etude porte tout d'abord sur l'identification de ces composes volatils produits par les carpophores de 26 especes de basidiomycetes odorants. Les analyses des aromes sont realisees par concentration des effluves sur piege tenax et analysees par cpg-sniffing et cpg-sm. Quatre classes principales de composes odorants ont ete identifiees : composes a 8 atomes de carbone avec principalement l'oct-1-en-3-ol et l'octan-3-one, composes mono- et sesquiterpeniques, composes a noyau benzenique et composes soufres. D'autre part, une seconde etude a ete realisee sur les potentialites de production de metabolites volatils par la souche mcr (morchella crassipes) et la souche jmo95 (pleurotus ostreatus) en cultures myceliennes par fermentation sur milieu solide. La souche mcr permet de produire jusqu'a 700 g/g de matiere seche d'oct-1-en-3-ol, avec un ajout d'huile vegetale comme precurseur d'aromes. La souche jmo95, selectionnee pour produire un arome type pleurote, est capable egalement de synthetiser jusqu'a 600 g/g de matiere seche d'anisaldehyde en milieu aere par activite ligninolytique. Ces deux souches presentent des potentialites interessantes de production de molecules odorantes naturelles.
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Carriconde, Fabian. "Dispersion et colonisation chez le champignon ectomycorhizien Tricholoma scalpturatum." Toulouse 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008TOU30095.
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Tricholoma scalpturatum est un champignon ectomycorrhizien cosmopolite qui forme une association symbiotique avec les racines de nombreux arbres et arbustes. Notre travail a consisté à étudier les populations naturelles de cette espèce et se proposait d'apporter un éclairage nouveau sur (1) la diversité génétique au sein de ce taxon et sa distribution et (2) sur les stratégies de dispersion et de colonisation des champignons en général. Le typage moléculaire à partir de carpophores a mis en évidence (i) l'existence d'une forte diversité génétique chez T. Scalpturatum, (ii) la présence de deux entités génétiques distinctes (groupes 1 & 2) à une échelle locale mais aussi à une plus large échelle, en Europe, (iii) un investissement préférentiel dans la reproduction sexuée pour la colonisation de l'habitat et (iv) une dispersion efficace limitée chez les deux groupes. Finalement, une analyse de la diversité à partir de mycorhizes montre une bonne correspondance carpophores - mycorhizesTricholoma scalpturatum is a cosmopolitan ectomycorrhizal fungus symbiotically associated with a broad range of trees and shrubs. The main objectives of the present work were to better understand (1) the level of genetic diversity within this taxon and its distribution, and (2) the dispersal and colonization abilities of fungi in general. Molecular typing from sporophores revealed (i) the existence of a high level of genetic diversity within T. Scalpturatum, (ii) the presence of two distinct genetic groups (groups 1 & 2) at a local and large scales (in Europe), (iii) the investment in sexual reproduction for colonization of the habitat, and (iv) limited abilities to disperse for both groups. Finally, analyses of diversity from mycorrhizae showed a good match between sporophores and mycorrhizae
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Hu, Shao-Pu, and 胡少卜. "The Bioactivities of Pycnoporus cinnabarinus Carpophores Extract on Anti-inflammation and Phagocytosis in vitro and in vivo Study." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/77670996877113346158.
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碩士南台科技大學
生物科技系
96
Pycnoporus cinnabarinus with the functions of relieve internal heat, fever, hemostasis, anti-bacteria and anti-inflammation was recorded in traditional Chinese pharmacology. Three kinds of samples extracted by 95% ethanol, 10% ethanol and the 1:1 mixture of both were studied in anti-inflammation and enhance phagocytosis activity. The concentration of 4mg/mL was treating with ChoK1 for IC50 through MTT Assay, decreased about 80% NO production by Nitrite Assay, and enhanced three folds of phagocytosis activity on RAW264.7. All samples had no anti-angiogenesis activity and no damage on chicken embryo by CAM Assay. The Pycnoporus cinnabarinus alcohol extract (PCAE) could reduce inflammation symptoms of diarrhea and eyes bleeding caused by LPS, and the phagocytosis activity of peripheral leukocytes can be reverted to usual as non-inflammation rat. In this study we proved P. cinnabarinus carpophores ethanol extract had anti-inflammation activity by decreasing NO production and enhanced phagocytosis activity with macrophage in vitro. The results indicate that PCAE had anti-inflammation activity to reply physiological state. The PCAE has also great anti-oxidant activity, about 80% DPPH clearance ratio and equal to 26μg/mL of vitamin C reduction of prussian blue activity in 1mg/mL treatment. Eventually the nitrite, Phagocytosis, DPPH clearance, as well as reduction of prussian blue assays suggesting the effect elements are polyphenolic compounds.
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Hsia, Yen-chiu, and 夏燕秋. "To Evaluate the Effects and Possible Protection Mechanisms to Pycnoporus Cinnabarinu Carpophores Extract Preconditioning in Rats Treated by Lipopolysaccharide." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/75768720806560179516.
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碩士南台科技大學
生物科技系
98
Most infections trigger a febrile response; the lipid A of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on the cell membrane of microorganisms by stimulating monocytes, macrophages and eosino- neutrophil to release families of inflammatory substances including interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interferon (IFN) that cause clinical toxic response. The Prostaglandin E2 induces fever by increasing release of aspartic and glutamic acids in the frontal cortex while these substances enter the circulation and reach the released from organum vasculosum laminae terminalis (OVLT). The over response of the protective febrile mechanism can denature the protein and damage central nervous system causing convulsion, conscious loss, brain injury and death. Pycnoporus cinnabarinus with the functions of relieve internal heat, fever, hemostasis, anti-bacteria and anti-inflammation was recorded in traditional Chinese pharmacology. Recently, edible and medicinal mushrooms have many component of polysaccharide. These component of polysaccharide can promote activation of macrophage, and strengthen the immune system to achieve anti-inflammation and resistance of cancer. To investigate whether the preconditioning of Pycnoporus cinnabarinus can protect the animal from lipopolysaccharide-induced toxicity and to study the possible mechanisms. In the present study, we would like to explore the possible effects of Pycnoporus cinnabarinus on the inflammation response induced by LPS in adult male SD rats. Animals will be given LPS (8mg/kg) and Pycnoporus cinnabarinus (20mg/kg) by intraperitoneal. The serum TNF-α will be monitored every 30 minutes after LPS injection. The serum IL-6 and IL-10 will also be measured every one hour. After 24 hours, rats will be sacrifice, and take the peritoneal lavage for phagocytosis test. According to the results of preliminary study, Pycnoporus cinnabarinus treatment can protect the animal from lipopolysaccharide–induced rats diarrhea and eyes bleeding, further increase survival rate. The present study demonstrate that by inhibiting the inflammation, edible and medicinal mushrooms treatment can ameliorate the LPS-induced inflammation response in SD rats. This project aims to use macrophage and animal experiments with or without designation of edible and medicinal mushrooms for developing anti-inflammatory products.
Book chapters on the topic "Carpophores"
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Camus, Marie-Thérèse. "Le regard de Fernand de Dartein sur les chevets des églises lombardes. L’exemple de Saint-Carpophore à Côme. Dossiers des archives de Fernand de Dartein, X." In Regards croisés sur le monument médiéval, 105–23. Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols Publishers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/m.csm-eb.5.116250.
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