Academic literature on the topic 'Cartagena (Colombia)'

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Journal articles on the topic "Cartagena (Colombia)"

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Helguera, J. Leon. "Archives in Cartagena, Colombia." Americas 45, no. 4 (April 1989): 547–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1007312.

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Espinosa París, Hernando, and J. Espinosa Dorothy. "Un caso de evisceración de pelvis por carcinoma coloide del recto." Revista Ciencias Biomédicas 6, no. 2 (November 24, 2020): 406–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.32997/rcb-2015-2972.

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En el año 1953 fue publicado un documento de la autoría de un importante profesor en el campo de la cirugía general que marcó escuela dentro de la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad de Cartagena-Colombia en la segunda mitad del siglo XX. El doctor Hernando Espinosa París, nació en la capital de la República de Colombia, realizó estudios médicos en la Universidad Nacional de Colombia y especialización en Cirugía en los Estados Unidos. Realizó importantes aportes en el ámbito médico cartagenero, en lo asistencial y en su labor como docente. Estos aportes también contribuyeron al desarrollo de la cirugía, en una época en que los especialistas se preciaban de adelantar grandes y radicales intervenciones operatorias para abordar enfermedades, como los cánceres en diversos contextos anatómicos. Las fotografías usadas en este documento hacen parte de la Fototeca Histórica de la Medicina Cartagenera, delproyecto de investigación adelantado por el semillero de investigación HISTORIMED, de la Universidad de Cartagena-Colombia. Rev.cienc.biomed. 2015;6(2):406-415.
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Miranda-Machado, Pablo Andrés, and Bautista De la Cruz Hoyos-Sánchez. "Prevalencia de urticaria en Cartagena, Colombia." Revista Alergia México 64, no. 2 (June 29, 2017): 163. http://dx.doi.org/10.29262/ram.v64i2.245.

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Antecedentes: En Colombia se han realizado estudios de prevalencia de enfermedades alérgicas como asma, rinitis alérgica y dermatitis atópica. Los estudios de prevalencia de urticaria en Colombia son escasos.Objetivo: Estimar la prevalencia de urticaria en Cartagena, Colombia, con el fin de contribuir a las estimaciones epidemiológicas nacionales de esta enfermedad.Métodos: Se realizó un estudio transversal multicéntrico en la ciudad de Cartagena y se incluyeron 547 pacientes entre 1 y 58 años atendidos en la consulta especializada de alergología en los centros de atención seleccionados para esta investigación entre abril y julio de 2015, mediante un muestreo por conveniencia.Resultados: La prevalencia de urticaria en los centros de atención seleccionados de la ciudad de Cartagena fue de 7.1 % (niños 4.0 % y adultos 3.1 %). Se estimó una prevalencia de 3.4 % de urticaria aguda y de 3.6 % de urticaria crónica.Conclusiones: El 46.1 % de los pacientes manifestó tener una mala calidad de vida asociada con la urticaria.
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Parga-Lozano, C. H., A. J. Marrugo-González, and R. Fernández-Maestre. "Hydrocarbon contamination in Cartagena Bay, Colombia." Marine Pollution Bulletin 44, no. 1 (January 2002): 71–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0025-326x(01)00201-6.

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Bedoya Marrugo, Elías Alberto. "Atención de urgencias en Cartagena, Colombia." Nova 15, no. 27 (August 10, 2017): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.22490/24629448.1961.

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<p>Objetivo. Analizar las características de la atención de urgencias en la ciudad de Cartagena, tomando como parámetro inicial los factores revisados de manera documental en diferentes fuentes, de las cuales sobresale la encuesta nacional de salud pública versión 2007 y datos obtenidos a nivel internacional. Métodos. Estudio descriptivo consistente en una búsqueda documental y estadística de cifras y conceptos relacionados de diferentes autores y organizaciones relacionadas con la atención y observación de la atención sanitaria, con especial énfasis en la atención de urgencia, tomando como guía los estudios relevantes de la encuesta nacional de salud y la observación de los servicios hospitalarios de emergencia (EHS) en medio oriente, europa y España. Resultados. La atención de urgencias en Cartagena es uno de los servicios críticos en el cual un 86% de la atención obedece a motivos de consulta no obstétricos y donde 55% de los solicitantes son mujeres, mientras el 45% restante son hombres y donde el 31% de los pacientes presentan incomodidades al momento de ser atendidos.</p>
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Parra Sánchez, Diana Teresa. "Editorial." Revista Colombiana de Computación 20, no. 1 (May 28, 2019): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.29375/25392115.3603.

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La Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga Unab y los miembros del Comité Editorial de la Revista Colombiana de Computación, se complacen en presentar esta nueva edición de la Revista con un total de cinco artículos. Tres de ellos, corresponden a artículos en versión extendida enviados al 13 Congreso Colombiano de Computación que fue realizado en Cartagena (Colombia) del 26 al 28 de septiembre de 2018, organizado por la Sociedad Colombiana de Computación SCo2 y la Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar.
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Huneeus, Alexandra, and René Urueña. "Introduction to Symposium on the Colombian Peace Talks and International Law." AJIL Unbound 110 (2016): 161–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2398772300003007.

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In September and October of 2016, Colombians witnessed a series of political events that defied their belief. First, the Colombian Government and theFuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia—Ejército del Pueblo(FARC—EP), signed to great fanfare a historic peace agreement finalizing Colombia’s armed conflict. The Un Secretary-General, the U.S. Secretary of State, and dozens other top diplomats and heads of states gathered in Cartagena for an emotional signing ceremony, symbolically ending a fifty-year armed confrontation that, according to the Colombian Center for Historic Memory, killed more than two hundred thousand people, 80 percent of which were noncombatants.
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Bagley, Bruce Michael. "After San Antonio." Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs 34, no. 3 (1992): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/165922.

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In an Effort to extend and accelerate regional cooperation and coordination in the “War on Drugs” in the Western Hemisphere, President George Bush hosted a widelypublicized, regional, anti-drug presidential summit in San Antonio (Texas) on 26-27 February 1992. This cumbre was conceived as an expanded sequel to the first “Andean” drug summit held in Cartagena (Colombia) on 15 February 1990. In addition to the original four-country participants in Cartagena I — the United States, Colombia, Peru, and Bolivia — Ecuador, Venezuela, and Mexico attended Cartagena II as well.
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Bozo de Carmona, Ana Julia. "Revista Panorama Económico." Revista de Jóvenes Investigadores Ad Valorem 1, no. 2 (December 15, 2018): 137–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.32997/rjia-vol.1-num.2-2018-2562.

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La revista de Jóvenes Investigadores Ad Valorem, representa un activo de la comunidad estudiantil de la Facultad de Ciencias Económicas de la Universidad de Cartagena, en Colombia. Hemos querido contribuir a ese acervo reseñando una selección de los artículos científicos publicados por la revista “Panorama Económico”, editada y publicada por la misma institución. Esta selección está conformada por tres trabajos de alcance global, tres trabajos que refieren a la economía del Ecuador y cinco trabajos que se ocupan de Colombia, dos de ellos limitando su alcance a la realidad económica propiamente cartagenera.
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Carpio-Díaz, Yesenia M., Carlos Mario López-Orozco, Yeison Herrera Herrera-Medina, Gabriel R. Navas-S., and Adriana Bermúdez. "Primer registro de Tylos niveus y nuevo reporte de Porcellionides pruinosus (Oniscidea: Tylidae y Porcellionidae) para Colombia." Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales 40, no. 156 (October 3, 2016): 4233. http://dx.doi.org/10.18257/raccefyn.343.

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<p>Se registra la presencia de Tylos niveus para Colombia y de Porcellionides pruinosus para la región Caribe colombiana. Los especímenes fueron recolectados en la Isla de Barú, Cartagena, departamento de Bolívar, Colombia. Se incluyen ilustraciones de los caracteres diagnósticos para ambas especies, y comentarios sobre su hábitat, morfología y distribución. © 2016. Acad. Colomb. Cienc. Ex. Fis. Nat.</p>
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Cartagena (Colombia)"

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Vidal, Ortega Antonino. "Cartagena de Indias en la articulación del espacio regional Caribe, 1580-1640 : la producción agraria /." Lebrija : Cadiz : Muy illustre, antigua y real hermandad de los Santos de Lebrija ; Agrija ediciones, 1998. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb39062194s.

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Baena, Andrea. "Spaces of arrival : swamp as a terrain of contestation in Cartagena, Colombia." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/121864.

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Thesis: M. Arch., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Architecture, 2019
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis. Page 100 blank.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 81-83).
This project delves into the aqueous terrain where the arrival of people and water coalesce. Specifically, it explores the shifting landscape of the Virgen Swamp, in the coastal city of Cartagena, Colombia, where there is friction between flows of urban occupation and ecological flows. This friction is most noticeable in the 4km south border where urban occupation has taken over a fringe of approximately 80 meters of what used to be water. This water-people relationship is dialectical; urban occupation triggers the swamp to resist with floods, erosion and contamination. The city of Cartagena is full of stories of displacement and contestation with physical manifestations in the border of the swamp. Arrival neighborhoods at the border face a situation of simultaneous uncertain citizenship and ecologic vulnerability. The mangrove forest bordering the Virgen Swamp has been considered wasteland, and thus a place to be reclaimed by immigrants who find no other space in the city.
This mangrove forest serves as gradient between water and land filtering the water, preventing land erosion and protecting from storm surge. The recession of the swamp's shoreline due to urban development has degraded the once continuous loop of mangrove forest. The re-shaping of the border between water and land has occurred in the form of spontaneous occupation by immigrants and striated interventions led by the city and large private stakeholders in an attempt to solve water-land frictions. This thesis questions the idea of the swamp as a space of unchecked development or hard divisions. Instead, it sees the swamp's relationship to the urban and ecological as one of gradient and fluidity. In response to the transient nature of the urban arrival threshold, the thesis re-imagines an integrated development plan which brings together different stakeholders, proposing placemaking strategies for a space of displacement.
The proposed network of spaces catalyzes community reinforcement and livelihood. The project employs a systemic approach, exploring different scales and temporalities, and proposing design strategies that are both incremental and substantial.
by Andrea Baena.
M. Arch.
M.Arch. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Architecture
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Øien, Marius. ""El vivo vive de el bobo" - En kulturpsykologisk studie av sosial manipulasjon i Cartagena de Indias, Colombia :." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Psykologisk institutt, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-13564.

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Denne oppgavens tema er sosial manipulasjon betraktet i en kulturpsykologisk synsvinkel. Fokuset er på både kulturelle forskjeller og universelle menneskelige trekk ved bruken av løgn, et fenomen som både evolusjonspsykologer og kulturpsykologer forfekter at nettopp deres paradigme passer best for å forklare. Premisset i oppgaven er at begge synsvinklene supplerer hverandre i analysen av det nevnte fenomenet. Paul Ekman er kjent som en av pionerene innen løgnforskning, og har gjort mye for å vise at løgn ikke kan bli sett på som et fenomen kun skapt av kulturene selv. En tenker som anlegger en annerledes tilnærming er Lev Vygotsky. Vygotsky er en av grunnleggerne av kulturpsykologien, og fastholder at kulturen har en stor påvirkning blant annet på hvordan man oppfatter verden og dermed også forståelse og bruk av løgn. En annen anerkjent kulturpsykolog er Richard Nisbett, som viser oss at man bør se på både kulturelle forskjeller og fysiologien til personene når man skal vurdere hva som skaper en persons bevisste og ubevisste valg. Formålet med oppgaven er dermed å finne en slags balansekunst, hvor de universelle psykologiske trekkene ved løgn anføres mot de som utforskes som mer kulturelt spesifikke. Den foreliggende oppgaven kommer dermed i stor grad til å følge Nisbetts rammeverk for å vise at for å få et akseptabelt syn på hva løgn er, bør man og må man bruke både kultur- og evolusjonspsykologi. Det vil hevdes i oppgavens konklusjon at for å få adekvat forståelse av løgn, som er dekkende for hvordan fenomenet utspiller seg i en bestemt kulturell kontekst, bør man derfor se på både det evolusjonelle og det kulturelle, og at det å prøve å forklare løgn med bare én av de nevnte dimensjonene vil måtte anses for å være mangelfullt.
This is a thesis on social manipulation seen from a cultural psychological point of view. The focus is on cultural differences and similarities on the use of deceit, a phenomenon that both evolutionary psychologists and cultural psychologists claim that their own paradigm is best suited to explain. This thesis advocates that both points of view will supplement each other when viewing this phenomenon. Paul Ekman is known as one of the pioneers in lie detection, and has done much to show that lie itself can not be explained as a phenomenon created solely by cultures itself. A person that would disagree with this is Lev Vygotsky. Vygotsky is one of the founders within cultural psychology, and is determined that cultures have a great impact on how one perceives the world and therefore also its understanding and the use of deception. Another cultural psychologist is Richard Nisbett, which shows us that one should look at both cultural and physiological aspects when assessing what creates a persons conscious and unconscious choice. The point of this thesis is to see if we can find a balance between the universal, and the cultural when trying to understand lying. This thesis will largely follow Nisbetts framework to show that to get an acceptable view on deception, one should use both culture- and evolutionary psychology. The conclusion will claim that to get an adequate understanding of lies, one should therefore view it from both the evolutionary and the cultural aspects, and to try to explain lies with just one of these two would be lacking.
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Boaglio, Toniolo Carolina V. "Propuesta de políticas de gestión para sitios contaminados : estudio de caso. lote Santa Elena, en Cartagena, Colombia." Master's thesis, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11086/8895.

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Tesis (MCI Mención Ambiente)--FCEFN-UNC, 2017
Presenta lineamientos de gestión para sitios contaminados en el territorio nacional colombiano. Se estudia el caso del Lote Santa Elena, de gran relevancia a nivel nacional, la descripción del caso se basa en el expediente LAM0021 de la Autoridad Nacional de Licencias Ambientales (ANLA), fue clasificado en tres áreas por la empresa a cargo de las intervenciones, para agilizar su manejo. Estas áreas son la zona de acceso, el confinamiento y el área restante del lote.
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Bassols, Gardella Narcís. "Producing, branding and managing multifaceted tourist destinations: Cartagena, Colombia as a study case / Producció, brànding i gestió de destinacions turístiques polifacètiques: Cartagena d'Índies (Colòmbia) com a cas d'estudi." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/670712.

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La present tesi es proposa com a objectiu descobrir i analitzar alguns processos i dinàmiques que es troben a les destinations polifacètiques. Es cosideren dues grans àrees conceptuals: la producció de destinations i la gestió de destinacions. En concret, la destinació estudiada és Cartagena d’Índies, a la costa caribenya de Colòmbia, un lloc en el qual s’hi troba sol i platja i a més patrimoni contruït, la qual cosa la fa que sigui una ‘destinació polifacètica’. La metodologia que s’aplica és la de l’estudi de cas i el treball de camp va consistir en observació, treball d’arxiu, un qüestionari i finalment entrevistes semi-estructurades a actors ‘experts’ de la destinació. Els resultats mostren una destinació que va ser produïda de forma orgànica, tant els seus atractius patrimonials com el seu sol i platja. A això cal afegir-hi els processos top-down, que han produït brand disengagement així com notables desacords entre els actors. Per tant, Cartagena d’Índies és un lloc intrínsecament difícil de gestionar. El treball de camp descobreix aspectes de la gestió d’aquest lloc, que es deriven en recomanacions per als professionals, les quals figuren a la present tesi.
La presente tesis se propone descubrir y analizar los procesos que se dan en destinos polifacéticos. Se toman en consideración dos grandes áreas conceptuales: la producción de destinos y el manejo de destinos. El caso concreto de estudio es la ciudad de Cartagena de Indias (Colombia) puesto que es considerada un ‘destino polifacético’. La metodología aplicada es el estudio de caso, y el trabajo de campo consistió en observación, trabajo de archivo, un cuestionario así como una serie de entrevistas semi-estructuradas a actores del destino. Se eligió una metodología cualitativa ya que esta permite obtener una visión profunda y detallada. Los resultados muestran un destino que fue producido de forma orgánica, tanto sus atractivos patrimoniales como los de sol y playa. A esto hay que añadirle los procesos top-down, los cuales han resultado en un brand disengagement y en desacuerdos entre actores. Por tanto, Cartagena de Indias es un lugar intrínsecamente difícil de gestionar. El trabajo de campo descubre aspectos del manejo de este lugar, los cuales derivan en recomendaciones para los profesionales.
The present dissertation intends to unveil some of the dynamics and processes found in multifaceted destinations. Two broad conceptual areas are considered in order to conceptualize and analyse the issues found in such places: destination making and destination management. Specifically, the destination studied is Cartagena de Indias, on the Caribbean coast of Colombia, a place boasting sun and sand as well as built heritage, hence a ‘multifaceted destination’. The methodology applied is Case Research Theory and the field work consisted of observation, archival research, a questionnaire and semi-structured interviews with the ‘expert’ stakeholders in the destination. Qualitative methodologies were preferred as these allow for deep insights into dynamics and processes, The results show a destination that was produced in an organic way, both in terms of heritage as well as sun and sand. This was combined with hard elitist, top-down processes which resulted in brand disengagement and disagreements from the side of the stakeholders. Therefore, Cartagena de Indias is an intrinsically difficult place to manage.
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Rocha, Carlos Guilherme 1987. "A disputa por poder em Cartagena das Índias : o embate entre o governador Francisco de Murga e o Tribunal do Santo Ofício (1629-1636)." [s.n.], 2013. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/278742.

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Orientador: Leandro Karnal
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas
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Resumo: A proposta deste trabalho consiste em analisar a relação conflituosa entre o capitão-geral e governador da província de Cartagena das Índias, Francisco de Murga, e os ministros do tribunal da Inquisição da cidade de Cartagena. Os enfrentamentos entre as partes remontam aos primeiros meses do governo de Murga, que aportou em Cartagena em outubro de 1629, e perduraram até meados do ano de 1636, quando houve uma mudança no governo provincial. O objetivo principal é analisar o âmbito jurídico do conflito, isto é, o modo como as partes envolvidas recorriam ao uso do direito, quais as argumentações e os fundamentos enunciados. Parto do princípio que a análise do direito e da estrutura jurídica é ponto basilar para a compreensão das relações institucionais no Antigo Regime. Neste sentido será analisada principalmente a natureza jurídica do Santo Ofício apresentada nos discursos e práticas originárias do conflito. Será analisada também a representação da autonomia inquisitorial frente os poderes civis, que se destaca nas práticas em questão. Nesse sentido, este trabalho enfatiza como os fundamentos jurídicos da Inquisição e do governo provincial são princípios que orientam as ações dos envolvidos no conflito em questão
Abstract: The aim of this work is to analyze the conflicting relationship between the captain general and governor of the province of Cartagena of the Indies, Francisco de Murga, and the ministers of the court of the Inquisition in Cartagena. The confrontations between the parties date back to the first months of Murga's government, who arrived in Cartagena in October 1629, and lasted until mid-1636, when there was a change in the provincial government. The main purpose of this study is to analyze the legal scope of the conflict, i. e., the manner in which interested parties used to appeal to the use of the law, the arguments and pleas they had mentioned. I assume that the analysis of law and legal structure is fundamental to understanding the institutional relations in the Ancien Régime. In this sense, th legal nature of the Holy Office, presented in the discourses and practices thata had given rise to the conflicts will be mainly analyzed. It will be also analyzed the representation of inquisitorial autonomy in relation to civil powers, which stands out in the practices concerned. In this sense, the emphasis of this study is how the legal bases of the Inquisition and the provincial government are guiding principles of the actions of those Who were involved in the conflicting relationship concerned
Mestrado
Historia Cultural
Mestre em História
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Villar, Vladimir Daza. "La economia de las provincias de Cartagena, Santa Marta y Riohacha en los tiempos de la restauracion monárquica del Virreinato de la Nueva Granada, 1815-1821." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2016. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/5505.

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Pollock, Jody (Jody Tamar). "Tejiendo una red de resiliencia = weaving a web of resilience : Internal displacement, social networks and urban integration in Cartagena, Colombia." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/80908.

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Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2013.
This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 111-120).
There are over 28.8 million internally displaced persons (IDPs) in the world today because of conflict, human rights violations and situations of generalized violence. Colombia's protracted internal armed conflict, which has lasted for over six decades, has resulted in the largest population of IDPs - up to 5.4 million as of 2012 - in the world. The vast majority migrates from rural areas to cities, settling on the urban periphery in historically poor neighborhoods. Taking Cartagena, Colombia as a revelatory case of IDP urban settlement, this thesis addresses these questions: In the face of ongoing violence, the disruption of spatial and social communities, and the dissolution of trust between individuals, organizations and the Colombian state, how do IDPs reconstitute social networks as part of integration into host cities? How are those social networks challenged and/or bolstered by the status and experience of displacement? Upon arrival in host cities, IDPs must satisfy basic survival needs (shelter, food, income), deal with trauma, and navigate shifting personal and collective identities in the aftermath of displacement. The individual and family-level strategies that IDPs develop to respond to these challenges ultimately require joining existing or forming new social networks for information sharing, economic support and emotional connection. Despite obstacles to community organizing (including direct threats and violence), these social networks sometimes morph into broader political coalitions, which serve as the base for social movements that make claims on the state. By learning from IDP settlement strategies, policymakers could develop more effective and durable solutions to address internal displacement and lay the groundwork for a more just and sustainable peace. I recommend: focusing on long-term IDP urban integration rather than on return to communities of origin, providing support to complement the foundation laid by IDP civil society organizations, and reframing policy away from short-term, household-level aid to target and support the social networks that form the basis of IDP resilience.
by Jody Pollock.
M.C.P.
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Piňeros, Sairi T. "Imaginaires géographiques et pratiques touristiques : le cas de Carthagène des Indes, Colombie." Thesis, Paris 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA01H114.

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Les imaginaires touristiques sont fortement attachés aux imaginaires géographiques. Ils sont construits par un processus de représentation où différentes images mentales interagissent. Ces images mentales sont construites à partir de différentes sources d’information que nous percevons dans notre quotidien. Les informations sur les lieux sont diffusées à travers la littérature, la peinture, la musique, les films, la télévision ; la communication touristique (brochures, affiches, catalogues, cartes postales, photos, vidéos, télévision, guides) ; les expériences des autres (voyages, récits, etc.).Toutes ces idées-images des lieux circulent constamment dans différentes échelles (locale, nationale, internationale) et façonnent nos imaginaires géographiques et touristiques. De ce fait, les imaginaires touristiques ne sont pas figés, ils changent à travers le temps, ils sont constamment reformulés ou réaffirmés, ils se transforment.Aujourd’hui, par la mondialisation du tourisme qui augmente la concurrence entre les différents territoires, les acteurs territoriaux sont confrontés à créer des images attractives afin de donner un caractère différentiel vis-à-vis d’autres territoires, cela afin d’attirer les investissements et les touristes. Cependant, les efforts des acteurs territoriaux pour créer des images attractives ne parviennent pas à donner les résultats attendus, c’est le cas de territoires qui sont associés aux images négatives -guerre, violence, délinquance et risques- très ancrées dans imaginaire collectif et qui affectent non seulement l’imaginaire géographique du pays concerné, mais aussi celui de leurs destinations touristiques.Compte tenu de ces images négatives, les acteurs locaux de destinations touristiques vont construire une image qui met en valeur leurs propres atouts touristiques, mais qui, en même temps, éclipse son association directe avec son propre pays, en autres mots, une image déterritorialisée de la destination touristique. C’est à partir de cette situation paradoxale que cette thèse se penche sur le processus de construction, déconstruction et reconstruction des imaginaires géographiques et touristiques, à partir de l’analyse d’une ville patrimoine mondial de l’Unesco, Carthagène des Indes, située dans un pays longtemps associé aux images négatives, la Colombie. Ce travail propose une double lecture d’analyse, l’une centrée sur les acteurs locaux et leurs stratégies de production d’images touristiques, et l’autre, sur les touristes en tant que consommateurs et co-producteurs. Un accent particulier est mis sur l’analyse des informations issues de médias modernes (Internet et les réseaux sociaux) puisqu’ils participent activement dans la circulation de contenus visuels et textuels que façonnent les imaginaires géographiques et touristiques
Tourist imaginaries are strongly attached to geographical imaginaries. They are constructed through a process of representation where different mental images interact. These mental images are constructed from different information sources that we perceive in our daily lives. Information about places is disseminated through literature, painting, music, movies, television; tourist communication (brochures, posters, catalogs, postcards, photos, videos, television, guides); the experiences of others (travels, stories, etc.). All these idea-images of places circulate constantly on different scales (local, national, international) and shape our geographical and tourist imaginaries. As a result, tourism imaginaries are not fixed, they change over time, they are constantly reformulated or reaffirmed, they transform themselves.Today, with the globalization of tourism, which increases the competition between different territories, territorial actors are faced with the need to create attractive images in order to differentiate from other territories, in order to attract investments and tourists. However, the efforts made by territorial actors to create attractive images fail to give the expected results. This is the case of territories that are associated with negative images - war, violence, delinquency and risks – deeply rooted in the collective imaginary and which affect not only the geographical imaginary of the country concerned, but also that of their tourist destinations.Given these negative images, local actors of tourist destinations will build an image that enhances their own tourist attractions/attributes. However, at the same time, this eclipses its direct association with its own country, in other words, a deterritorialized image of the tourist destination.It is from this paradoxical situation that this thesis examines the construction, deconstruction and reconstruction process of geographical and tourist imaginaries, based on the analysis of a UNESCO World Heritage city, Cartagena de Indias, located in a country associated with negative images since a long time, Colombia. This research work proposes a double analysis, one focused on local actors and their strategies for producing tourist images, and the other on tourists as consumers and coproducers.Particular emphasis is put on the analysis of information from modern media (Internet and social networks) as they actively participate in the circulation of visual and textual content that shape geographical and tourist imaginaries
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Achury, García Andrés. "What happens when resettlements focus on the physical environment : the aftermath of the resettlement process in a displaced community in Cartagena, Colombia." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/111368.

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Thesis: M.C.P., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Urban Studies and Planning, 2017.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 75-77).
Over three million people were affected in the country by the rain season associated with "La Niña" phenomenon between April 2010 and June 201. Likewise, Colombia has the second largest number of internally displaced persons in the world: 6.3 million trailing only Syria with 7.6 millions victims, and followed by Iraq with 3.3 million (IDMC 2015b). Given the magnitude of displacement, this problem contributes the largest number of human rights violations in the country (HRW 2005). This research studies the dilemmas that accompany resettlement processes; the involuntary physical and social isolation of residents from access to services and public facilities; the consequences for economic well-being and quality of life, and the improvement of the personal security from crime and violence. This research will answer the following question: Why do resettlement processes create deteriorated socioeconomic livelihoods and fragmented communities? This thesis finds that while resettlement processes provide new built environments to address the physical needs of the displaced population, they do not address the needs that perpetuate poverty, vulnerability, and marginalization. The research explores the challenges and dilemmas that those communities face in order to inform discussions related to the physical, economic, and social reconstruction of communities in the aftermath of displacement. It also analyses the parallels and contrasts between 28 displaced families that went through the sponsored government program of resettlement process, and 10 families that decided to reconstruct their lives outside that program. The goal is to re-exanimate the policy, the specific approach of the state, and the gains and losses for the resettlement process. This thesis identifies potential recommendations for other displaced communities and for policymakers and non-profit organizations, examining how housing is necessary but not sufficient to resettle sustainable and resilient communities.
by Andrés Achury Garcia.
M.C.P.
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Books on the topic "Cartagena (Colombia)"

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Gelis, Ricardo Chica. Página de "Sucesos", ¿quién cogió Universal hoy?: Prensa y sectores populares en Cartagena. [Cartagena, Colombia?]: Ediciones Tecnológica de Bolívar, 2005.

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El derecho andino en Colombia. Bogotá: Universidad Externado de Colombia, 2006.

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Arango, Gustavo. Un ramo de nomeolvides: Gabriel García Márquez en el Universal. Cartagena, Colombia: El Universal, 1995.

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Fiesta de picó: Champeta, espacio y cuerpo en Cartagena, Colombia. Bogota: Editorial Universidad del Rosario, 2012.

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H, Drewes, ed. Vertical reference systems: IAG symposium, Cartagena, Colombia, February 20-23, 2001. Berlin: Springer, 2002.

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Cetina, Eccehomo. Jaque a la reina: Mafia y corrupción en Cartagena. Santafé de Bogotá, D.C., Colombia: Planeta, 1994.

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Seminario Internacional Salud Básica para Todos (1988 Cartagena, Colombia). Memorias del Seminario Internacional Salud Básica para Todos, Cartagena, 6 a 9 junio de 1988. [Bogotá, Colombia]: Presidencia de la República de Colombia, Consejería para el Desarrollo Social, 1989.

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Rocha, B. Hernán Vásquez. Aspectos del proceso de integración: Colombia en el Pacto Andino. Santafé de Bogotá, D.C: Instituto de Estudios Internacionales "Alberto Lleras Camargo", 1992.

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Nickson, R. Andrew. Establishing and implementing a joint venture: Water and sanitation services in Cartagena, Colombia. London: GHK International, 2001.

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Olsen, Margaret M. Slavery and salvation in colonial Cartagena de Indias. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2004.

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Book chapters on the topic "Cartagena (Colombia)"

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Mendoza, Raynel, Amaury Cabarcas, and Bertha Arnedo. "Mixed Reality to Promote Cultural Tourism in La Merced Cloister in Cartagena Colombia." In Advances in Tourism, Technology and Systems, 370–79. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-4260-6_33.

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Valdelamar Villegas, Juan Carlos, Kevin Andrade-Quintero, Claudia Díaz-Mendoza, and Ganiveth Manjarrez-Paba. "Temporal Space Behavior of Three Environmental Quality Determinants from Touristic Beaches in Cartagena, Colombia." In Beach Management Tools - Concepts, Methodologies and Case Studies, 845–58. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58304-4_43.

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Ospina-Mateus, Holman, Leonardo Augusto Quintana Jiménez, Francisco José López-Valdés, Natalie Morales-Londoño, and Katherinne Salas-Navarro. "Using Data-Mining Techniques for the Prediction of the Severity of Road Crashes in Cartagena, Colombia." In Communications in Computer and Information Science, 309–20. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-31019-6_27.

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Arrieta Rodríguez, Eugenia, Fernando López-Martínez, and Juan Carlos Martínez Santos. "A Machine Learning Approach for Severe Maternal Morbidity Prediction at Rafael Calvo Clinic in Cartagena-Colombia." In Computer Information Systems and Industrial Management, 208–19. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-47679-3_18.

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Coronado-Hernández, Jairo R., Marly Rico-Carrillo, Katherine Rico-Carrillo, and Orlando Zapateiro Altamiranda. "Locating Sea Ambulances to Respond to Emergencies of Vulnerable Populations. Case of Cartagena Bay in Colombia." In Computer Information Systems and Industrial Management, 259–69. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-84340-3_21.

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Rangel-Buitrago, Nelson, and Giorgio Anfuso. "Introduction." In Risk Assessment of Storms in Coastal Zones: Case Studies from Cartagena (Colombia) and Cadiz (Spain), 1–5. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15844-0_1.

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Rangel-Buitrago, Nelson, and Giorgio Anfuso. "Review of the Existing Risk Assessment Methods." In Risk Assessment of Storms in Coastal Zones: Case Studies from Cartagena (Colombia) and Cadiz (Spain), 7–13. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15844-0_2.

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Rangel-Buitrago, Nelson, and Giorgio Anfuso. "Study Areas." In Risk Assessment of Storms in Coastal Zones: Case Studies from Cartagena (Colombia) and Cadiz (Spain), 15–19. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15844-0_3.

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Rangel-Buitrago, Nelson, and Giorgio Anfuso. "Used Methodology." In Risk Assessment of Storms in Coastal Zones: Case Studies from Cartagena (Colombia) and Cadiz (Spain), 21–38. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15844-0_4.

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Rangel-Buitrago, Nelson, and Giorgio Anfuso. "Spatial Distribution of Assessment Indexes." In Risk Assessment of Storms in Coastal Zones: Case Studies from Cartagena (Colombia) and Cadiz (Spain), 39–53. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15844-0_5.

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Conference papers on the topic "Cartagena (Colombia)"

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Mercado Cervera, Hugo José. "MODEL ESTIMATES FOR GENERATION AND DISTRIBUTION FROM NATIONAL TRAVELS OF TRANSPORT OF AIR CARGO BETWEEN MAJOR CITIES IN COLOMBIA." In CIT2016. Congreso de Ingeniería del Transporte. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/cit2016.2016.2460.

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This paper presents models of generation, extraction and distribution of travel for air cargo between the main cities of Colombia. To develop the work we use information of cargo movement in Colombia during 2012, from then, we make the performance analysis and modeling to estimate future behavior considering possible scenarios. The generation model analyzed statistical variables such as population, distance between the main cities of Colombia, the gross domestic product of the cities, indicators of industrial density, the level of unemployment, among other characteristics to determine their influence on transport domestic air cargo. For travel distribution model, including the gravitational, allowed to predict the behavior of air freight, under the hypothetical situation that the Colombian Caribbean coast will have a joint cargo airport that meets the needs of Barranquilla, Santa Marta and Cartagena. The results showed that despite the geographical situation of the cities, this is feasible, given that centralize the management of the three coastal cities in a specialized cargo airport could reduce generalized costs and encourage greater trade with the rest of the cities of Colombia, as demonstrated in the model.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/CIT2016.2016.2460
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Gutiérrez Jaraba, Johon, and Libis C. Valdez Cervantes. "Observatorio para el desarrollo de Cartagena - OCARTAGENA: Diseño de una plataforma web para el Seguimiento al Desarrollo Sostenible de Cartagena - Colombia." In The Fourteen LACCEI International Multi-Conference for Engineering, Education, and Technology: “Engineering Innovations for Global Sustainability”. Latin American and Caribbean Consortium of Engineering Institutions, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18687/laccei2016.1.1.064.

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Cabrera Cruza, Alfonso, Massimo Leserri, Gabriele Rossi, and Ricardo Zabaleta. "Un rilievo speditivo di emergenza. Forte San José a Cartagena de Indias (Colombia)." In FORTMED2020 - Defensive Architecture of the Mediterranean. Valencia: Universitat Politàcnica de València, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/fortmed2020.2020.11388.

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An expeditious emergency survey. Fort San José in Cartagena de Indias (Colombia)The recent methods of survey and modeling based on digital images or laser scanner technologies, today widely tested, are an exceptional support for the rapidity of acquisition, especially in emergency situations where it is necessary to quickly acquire a documentation in order not to stay long in a place. The Fort San Jose, designed by Juan de Herrera between 1714 and 1725 and completed by Antonio de Arévalo after almost 50 years, completes the defense of navigable access to the bay of Cartagena de Indias between the island of Bocachica and Isla Bomba. Placed on an artificial island in front of the fort of S. Ferdinando it has undergone frequent flooding in recent years due to a sinking process. Studies relating to emergency expeditious surveys are limited and episodic, detailed in most cases in the archaeological field where urgent excavations must be carried out and phenomena and situations that can be lost must be recorded rapidly. The Italian Ministry of Heritage and Cultural Activities in 2013 prepared card systems to document the damage following natural disasters. In the case of study, modern surveying methods are used, integrating the use of laser scanner technologies for accessible areas and aerial photogrammetry for those facing the sea. The objective is to draw up an architectural survey that documents the state of consistency of the fortress that has never been detected to date and in this way initiate a monitoring of the ongoing processes. At the same time, it constitutes an indispensable cognitive support for possible activities and intervention strategies that aim to put an end to instability.
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Picon, Michelle M., Deicy Moreno Ruiz, Joven Investigadora Colciencias, Fernando Salcedo, Joven Investigador Colciencias, and Nelson Alvis. "Risk Factors of Chronic Infant Malnutrition in Cartagena, Colombia: A Case-control Study." In Selection of Abstracts From NCE 2016. American Academy of Pediatrics, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.141.1_meetingabstract.478.

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Losada, Karla, Jorge Galindo-Díaz, and Joan Fontàs Serrat. "Reconstrucción virtual del puente fortificado de la Media Luna (Cartagena de Indias) a través de herramientas digitales." In FORTMED2020 - Defensive Architecture of the Mediterranean. Valencia: Universitat Politàcnica de València, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/fortmed2020.2020.11330.

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Virtual reconstruction of the fortified bridge of the Media Luna (Cartagena de Indias) using digital toolsOne of the most important architectural pieces of the walled complex of Cartagena de Indias in Colombia was the so-called bridge of the Media Luna, whose first phase of construction dates back to 1628. Since its construction, the Media Luna underwent several reforms and was submitted to some projects aimed at strengthening its defensive capacity conceived by military engineers at the service of the Spanish Crown, such as Juan Jiménez Donoso and Antonio de Arévalo. Despite this, a complete plan of the bridge, demolished at the end of the nineteenth century, has not been preserved, and it was never completely photographed. This paper, as a product of a research project related to the genesis of construction techniques in Cartagena de Indias, presents a digital reconstruction of the Media Luna after gathering and analyzing cartographic information still preserved in archives, photographs taken shortly before the demolition of the bridge, as well as traveler stories, descriptions and drawings done by nineteenth century chroniclers. The integral visualization of the Media Luna and its surroundings offers new value to the bridge and contributes to the integral understanding of the fortified complex of Cartagena de Indias.
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ARMIROLA GARCÉS, Ledy Paola. "COMPRENSIÓN DE LAS REPRESENTACIONES SOCIALES DEL MEDIO AMBIENTE: CASO COMUNIDAD DE CRESPO, CARTAGENA, COLOMBIA." In 6 Conference Creatives Cities. Madrid: ICONO 14 Editorial, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7195/piccc.00004.

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Garcia-Melon, Monica, Hannia Karime González-Urango, Michela Le Pira, and Giuseppe Inturri. "AN ANP MODEL TO IMPROVE PEDESTRIAN ACCESSIBILITY IN THE CITY CENTER OF CARTAGENA DE INDIAS (COLOMBIA)." In The International Symposium on the Analytic Hierarchy Process. Creative Decisions Foundation, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.13033/isahp.y2018.008.

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Parrinello, Sandro, Francesca Picchio, Anna Dell’Amico, and Chiara Malusardi. "Le mura di Cartagena de Indias tra sperimentazione metodologica e protocolli operativi. Strumentazioni digitali a confronto per lo studio del sistema difensivo antonelliano." In FORTMED2020 - Defensive Architecture of the Mediterranean. Valencia: Universitat Politàcnica de València, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/fortmed2020.2020.11393.

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The walls of Cartagena de Indias through methodological experimentation and survey systems protocols. Digital tools comparison for the study of the Antonelli’s defense systemCartagena de Indias, one of the main Spanish commercial ports in the Caribbean Sea, was strategically built on a system of islands and peninsulas that formed a lacustrine system along the coast of Tierra Firme, known today as Colombia. For several centuries, Cartagena fortifications have been at the fore-front of Spanish military technologies. This site became the scene of action of the main military engineers at the service of the Spanish crown. In 1586 Battista Antonelli received from King Philipe II the task to design this monumental defensive system. The first project for the Cartagena wall enclosure (1595) is due to Battista and it was continued and modified by his nephew Cristoforo Roda. Nowadays, Antonelli walls still fit into the urban fabric of the city and delineate the perimeter of the historic city. The research project follows the previous research experiments conducted by the Lab DAda-LAB of the University of Pavia in the territory of Panama for the study of the Antonelli fortifications systems of Portobello and San Lorenzo del Chagres. It concerned an extensive action aimed at the documentation and to the study of the entire fortified system of the historic center of Cartagena. The perimeter walls of the old city and the fort of San Felipe de Barajas have been documented through the use of a mobile laser scanner that uses SLAM technology, evaluating the most effective performed strategies for fast survey activities. In parallel, a more specific action was conducted on the portion of the Baluarte of Santa Catalina walls, where it was possible to give a comparison between different methods and instruments, in order to verify the reliability of the 3D databases. Analysis protocols have been developed for the documentation and study of the defensive system. The paper will highlight the construction technologies that qualify the fortresses of Cartagena de Indias and the results obtained by the comparison between different data acquisition technologies to evaluate the quality of the models for the development of documentation strategies for heritage enhancement and protection.
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Almeida Guerra, Paola. "Application of fusion techniques between Radarsat and Landsat images for landuse distribution at Cartagena, Colombia, using supervised classification." In Remote Sensing, edited by Roland Meynart, Steven P. Neeck, Haruhisa Shimoda, Joan B. Lurie, and Michelle L. Aten. SPIE, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.512079.

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Bartual-Figueras, M. Teresa, Montserrat Carbonell-Esteller, Andrés Coco-Prieto, Candelaria Colón-Iriarte, D. C. Pérez-Lemus, Esther Polo-Payares, Francisco Javier Sierra-Martínez, and Joaquin Turmo-Garuz. "HIGHER EDUCATION AND GENDER PERSPECTIVE. THE ROLE OF UNIVERSITY OF CARTAGENA OF INDIAS (COLOMBIA) IN PROMOTING GENDER AWARENESS." In 13th International Conference on Education and New Learning Technologies. IATED, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21125/edulearn.2021.0412.

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Reports on the topic "Cartagena (Colombia)"

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Meisel-Roca, Adolfo, and María Aguilera-Díaz. Cartagena, 2005-2018: Lo bueno, lo regular y lo malo. Banco de la República de Colombia, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/dtseru.294.

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En las dos primeras décadas del siglo XXI Cartagena presentó un crecimiento económico sin precedentes. No obstante, la prosperidad fue desigual y un alto porcentaje de la población aún presenta enormes carencias y vive en la pobreza. Esta investigación se enfoca en el estudio del avance económico de la ciudad y, a la vez, en el estancamiento relativo en materia social, durante el periodo 2005 y 2018, usando la información de los dos últimos censos de población y comparando con cinco de las principales ciudades de Colombia. En la ciudad se realizaron grandes inversiones de capital en los sectores industrial, construcción y logística portuaria que ampliaron la capacidad productiva local. Por el lado de los indicadores sociales, se dieron avances en la cobertura en educación y salud, pero sin mejorías significativas en la calidad de esos servicios. En buena medida, lo anterior podría ser un resultado de los constantes cambios de alcalde, lo cual llevó a una baja gobernabilidad que impediría que la administración distrital pudiera proveer los bienes y servicios necesarios para mejorar la calidad de vida de la población más vulnerable.
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Montagut Cifuentes, Eduardo Alejandro, Robinson Fidel Casanova Rosero, Julián Mauricio Betancourt Portela, Juan Alberto Patiño Martínez, Cabrera Luna Edgard Enrico, and Blanco García José Luis. Anuario Científico CCCP 1984 - 2000. Direccion General Maritima - DIMAR, December 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.26640/anuario.cccp-2000.

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Manejo integral de la zona costera aplicado al ordenamiento territorial del municipio de Tumaco. // Análisis de algunas características físico-químicas registradas en las aguas estuarinas de la Ensenada de Tumaco. // Variación espacio-temporal del zooplancton en la Ensenada de Tumaco, Pacífico colombiano. // Investigación oceanográfica conjunta en la Región Pacífica Sudeste y su proyección. La Dirección General Marítima a través de sus dos Centros de Investigación localizados en Cartagena y Tumaco, desarrolla investigación científica marina con una tradición de más de dos décadas y aportes sign ificativos al conocimiento descriptivo de las aguas oceánicas del Caribe y del Pacífico, a sus litorales y zonas costeras. Es tal vez esta materia en la que mayores resultados tangibles se han obtenidoen los últimos años, no solamente al existir una tradición y experiencia ampliamente reconocidas nacional e internacionalmente, sino porque contamos con un recurso humano idóneo, cal ificado, tanto a bordo de las unidades oceanográficas como en tierra y con un extraordinario sentido de pertenencia. Considerando que las plataformas de investigación son esenciales para el fortalecimiento de la capacidad operativa e investigativa de la Armada Nacional y la Dirección General Marítima, se desarrol la desde 1999, el proyecto de reparaciones mayores de los buques oceanográficos ARC Malpelo y ARC Providencia, que debe terminar en el 2001. La Agenda para la Colombia del siglo XXI , publicada por COLCI ENCIAS, nos indica que se han promulgado los planes estratégicos preparados en los siete programas Nacionales de Innovación y Desarrollo Tecnológico. En este contexto la Dirección General Marítima formuló su Agenda Científica que identificó cuatro Programas para ser desarrol lados en el período 2000-2010: Oceanografía Operacional , Protección del Medio Marino, Zona Costera e Hidrografía. La estrategias regionales de ciencia y tecnología cobran entonces, especial relevancia. Es en el espacio regional, y en el de las necesidades locales, que se puede buscar una más clara articulación entre los programas nacionales y los requerimientos de desarrollo del país. Con el lema: Colombia dos Mares, una Patria , el presente Anuario Científico, en su primera edición pretende consolidar en un solo volumen, resultados de investigaciones adelantadas en los dos Centros y que por lo tanto ameritan su divulgación y difusión, dentro de la estrategia institucional de comunicación para dar a conocer los avances de la investigación desarrollada, así como la toma de conciencia sobre el problema ambiental, la degradación de la zona costera y su situación particular de riesgo en la región del Pacífico, el rol principal de los océanos y el clima, la explotación de recursos oceánicos vivos y no vivos y la necesidad de sostenibil idad en su utilización.
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Lonin, Serguei A., Luis Alfredo Calero Hernández, Tuchkovenko Yuri S., Ricardo José Molares Babra, Jesús Antonio Garay Tinoco, María Teresa Vélez, Luis Alvaro Mendoza Mazzeo, et al. Anuario Científico CIOH 1975 - 2000. Direccion General Maritima - DIMAR, December 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.26640/anuario.cioh-2000.

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Modelación numérica de derrames de crudo y concepto del problema inverso. Aplicación de la modelación numérica a la solución de problemas ambientales de la Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta. Diagnóstico Ambiental del Archipiélago Islas del Rosario, como fundamento para su ordenamiento territorial. Caracterización geomorfológica de la franja litoral del Departamento del Atlántico - Caribe colombiano. La Dirección General Marítima a través de sus dos Centros de Investigación localizados en Cartagena y Tumaco, desarrolla investigación científica marina con una tradición de más de dos décadas y aportes significativos al conocimiento descriptivo de las aguas oceánicas del Caribe y del Pacífico, a sus litorales y zonas costeras. Es tal vez esta materia en la que mayores resultados tangibles se han obtenido en los últimos años, no solamente al existir una tradición y experiencia amplia- mente reconocidas nacional e internacionalmente, sino porque contamos con un recurso humano idóneo, calificado, ta nto a bordo de las unidades oceanográficas como en tierra y con un extraordinario sentido de pertenencia. Considerando que las plataformas de investigación son esenciales para el fortalecimiento de la capacidad operativa e investigativa de la Armada Nacional y la Dirección General Marítima, se desarrolla desde 1999, el proyecto de reparaciones mayores de los buques oceanográficos ARC Malpelo y ARC Providencia, que debe terminar en el 2001. La Agenda para la Colombia del siglo XXI, publicada por COLCIENCIAS, nos indica que se han promulgado los planes estratégicos preparados en los siete programas Nacionales de Innovación y Desarrollo Tecnológico. En este contexto la Dirección General Marítima formuló su Agenda Científica que identificó cuatro Programas para ser desarrollados en el período 2000-2010: Oceanografía Operacional, Protección del Medio Marino, Zona Costera e Hidrografía. La estrategias regionales de ciencia y tecnología cobran entonces, especial relevancia. Es en el espacio regional, y en el de las necesidades locales, que se puede buscar una más clara articulación entre los programas nacionales y los requerimientos de desarrollo del país. Con el lema: Colombia dos Mares, una Patria, el presente Anuario Científico,en su primera edición pretende consolidar en un solo volumen, resultados de investigaciones adelantadas en los dos Centros y que por lo tanto ameritan su divulgación y difusión, dentro de la estrategia institucional de comunicación para dar a conocer los avances de la investigación desarrollada, así como la toma de conciencia sobre el problema ambiental, la degradación de la zona costera y su situación particular de riesgo en la región del Pacífico, el rol principal de los océanos y el clima, la explotación de recursos oceánicos vivos y no vivos y la necesidad de sostenibilidad en su utilización.
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SGC, Servicio Geológico Colombiano. Elaboración de la cartografía geológica de un conjunto de planchas escala 1:100.000 ubicadas en cuatro bloques del Territorio Nacional identificados por el Servicio Geológico Colombiano Grupo 2: Zonas Sur A y Sur B. Contrato 512 de 2013. Geología de la Plancha 434 Cartagena del Chaira. Escala 1:100.000. Producto. Versión año 2015. Bogotá: Servicio Geológico Colombiano, September 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.32685/10.143.2015.338.

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