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Academic literature on the topic 'Cartílags'
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Journal articles on the topic "Cartílags"
Zamorano, Martín. "Presencia de estructuras excepcionalmente preservadas en vías aéreas de Panochthus Burmeister (Xenarthra, Glyptodontidae) del Pleistoceno tardío de Argentina." Spanish Journal of Palaeontology 35, no. 2 (December 12, 2020): 167. http://dx.doi.org/10.7203/sjp.35.2.18479.
Full textDe Poortere, David, Jose Maria Barreto, and Wilfred Burckhardt. "Medpor en Hipoplasia Nasal – Agenesia de tercios superior, medio y septum nasal." ACTA DE OTORRINOLARINGOLOGÍA & CIRUGÍA DE CABEZA Y CUELLO 42, no. 1 (August 13, 2018): 49–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.37076/acorl.v42i1.136.
Full textDe Poortere, David, Jose María Barreto, and Wilfred Burckhardt. "Nueva técnica para rinoplastia definitiva en labio y paladar hendido." ACTA DE OTORRINOLARINGOLOGÍA & CIRUGÍA DE CABEZA Y CUELLO 42, no. 2 (August 14, 2018): 98–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.37076/acorl.v42i2.141.
Full textSantacruz Agüero, Juan Francisco, and Carlos Enrique Mena Canata. "Características Tomográficas de la Anatomía Laríngea Normal en pacientes que acuden del Hospital de Clínicas San Lorenzo, Paraguay 2020." Medicina Clínica y Social 5, no. 3 (September 7, 2021): 131–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.52379/mcs.v5i3.217.
Full textFlórez Cabrera, Adriana, Martha Isabel González Duque, and Marta Raquel Fontanlla. "Terapias Celulares y Productos de Ingeniería de Tejidos para el Tratamiento de Lesiones Condrales de Rodilla." Revista Colombiana de Biotecnología 19, no. 2 (July 1, 2017): 119–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/rev.colomb.biote.v19n2.70276.
Full textGálvez, Luis H. "Biología del fibrocartílago articular frente a las demandas funcionales." Odontología Sanmarquina 8, no. 1 (May 14, 2014): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.15381/os.v8i1.3133.
Full textZambudio, Antonio Ríos, José Manuel Rodríguez, Enrique Martínez Barba, and Pascual Parrilla Paricio. "Quiste del cartílago tiroides." Medicina Clínica 120, no. 16 (January 2003): 638–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0025-7753(03)73794-4.
Full textGarcía Callejo, Francisco Javier, Jaume Redondo Martínez, Verónica Andrade Gamarra, and Tomás Pérez Carbonell. "Osteoblastoma de cartílago tiroides." Acta Otorrinolaringológica Española 67, no. 6 (November 2016): e37-e39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.otorri.2016.02.005.
Full textAyala-García, Marco Antonio, Aldo Hugo Santoyo Saavedra, and Olga Isidora Martínez Martínez. "Fractura de cartílago tiroides." Revista Medica Herediana 30, no. 4 (January 13, 2020): 267. http://dx.doi.org/10.20453/rmh.v30i4.3663.
Full textRíos Zambudio, Antonio, José Manuel Rodríguez, Enrique Martínez Barba, and Pascual Parrilla Paricio. "Quiste del cartílago tiroides." Medicina Clínica 120, no. 16 (May 2003): 638b—639. http://dx.doi.org/10.1157/13046922.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Cartílags"
Salvador, i. Vergés Àngels. "Cartílag Bioimprès: transferència a la pràctica clínica de les investigacions sobre l'ús en humans." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Vic - Universitat Central de Catalunya, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/668196.
Full textLas lesiones de cartílago articular tanto traumático como degenerativas son las más difíciles y frustrantes de tratar para los cirujanos ortopédicos y los pacientes que las padecen. Durante los últimos sesenta años, ninguna de las técnicas utilizadas para tratarlas ha dado resultados satisfactorios. Esto ha hecho que los cirujanos e ingenieros biomédicos investiguen el papel de la ingeniería de tejidos y la bioimpresión como una alternativa viable para su tratamiento en diversas especialidades. El aumento de la literatura científica en los últimos años indica que esta nueva posibilidad de cartílago bioimpreso podría convertirse en una solución alternativa. La bioimpresión podría proporcionar la nueva y esperada solución. Se han aplicado varios métodos de investigación: una revisión de alcance, una parte de investigación cualitativa y otra cuantitativa. La visión proporcionada en esta tesis es poliédrica, ya que se tiene en cuenta las últimas investigaciones en el campo de la bioimpressió, pero también las opiniones de los clínicos, para la resolución del problema.
Both traumatic and degenerative joint cartilage injuries are the most difficult and frustrating to treat for orthopedic surgeons and their patients. During the last sixty years, none of the techniques used to treat cartilage lesions have yielded satisfactory results. This has made biomedical surgeons and engineers investigate the role of tissue engineering and bioprinting as a viable alternative for your treatment in diverse specialties. The increase in the scientific literature in recent years indicates that this new possibility of bioprinted cartilage could become an alternative solution. Bioprinting could provide the new and expected solution. Various research methods: a scoping review, a part of qualitative research and another quantitative part have been applied. The view provided in this thesis is polyhedral, as it considers the latest research in the field of bioprinting, but also the opinions of clinicians, to solve the problem.
Fathy, Tahoun Mahmoud. "The value of using chitosan based implant with microfractures for treatment of acetabular cartilage lesions associated with femoroacetabular impingement." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/671091.
Full textEl choque femoroacetabular (CFA), como un cambio en la morfología del fémur proximal o el acetábulo, produce una alteración mecánica en la articulación de la cadera que puede iniciar el proceso degenerativo y finalmente la osteoartritis. Hay dos problemas serios asociados con CFA; La delaminación condral, que ocurre con mayor frecuencia con la cabeza no esférica del fémur (tipo CAM) debido a las fuerzas de corte repetidas, y el daño labral que es más frecuente con la sobrecobertura acetabular (tipo pinza) debido a las fuerzas de compresión repetidas. El propósito de este estudio fue evaluar los resultados a corto y mediano plazo del uso del andamio a base de quitosano con microfractura durante el tratamiento artroscópico de CFA y lesiones condrales acetabulares asociadas en pacientes jóvenes activos. Los casos incluidos tenían caderas no artríticas no displásicas en la edad de 18 a 55 años. El tratamiento artroscópico consistió en la resección de la deformidad de Cam (femoroplastia), la resección de la deformidad de la pinza (acetabuloplastia), la reparación del labrum desgarrado y el manejo del cartílago acetabular según el grado de daño. Las lesiones de cartílago de espesor parcial se trataron mediante desbridamiento superficial. Lesiones acetabulares pequeñas de espesor completo (<2 cm2) fueron tratadas por microfracturas. Las lesiones grandes de espesor completo (≤2 cm2) recibieron aumento por los implantes basados en Chitosan El resultado clínico se evaluó en 23 pacientes incluidos en el estudio. Los resultados mostraron una mejora significativa en los cuatro escalas de 21 pacientes (91%) durante el primer año. La mejora funcional no ha cambiado significativamente para los mismos pacientes durante el segundo año hasta el punto final del estudio, ya que refirió la comparación con los escalas correspondientes del primer año, excepto por el puntaje iHOT33 que mostró una mejora significativa adicional. Es importante señalar que las complicaciones mayores, como infección, TVP, inestabilidad y fracturas, no se registraron en ningún caso de nuestro estudio. Un paciente necesitó artroplastia total de cadera. Se produjo hipoestesia perineal en 3 pacientes y se recuperó en 2-6 semanas, y un paciente necesitó un programa de fisioterapia prolongado para la rigidez muscular postoperatoria. La calidad de la reparación del cartílago se evaluó en veintiún pacientes mediante técnicas de mapeo T2 de resonancia magnetica (RM) después de 24 meses. Los tiempos de relajación T2 del área de reparación se han comparado con el cartílago posterior correspondiente. El análisis cuantitativo de relajación T2 mostró una diferencia no significativa entre el área periférica del tejido de reparación (en la unión condrolabral) y el cartílago acetabular nativo posterior. Además, se pudo observar una diferencia no significativa entre los valores de T2 del área central del tejido de reparación (cerca del centro de la articulación) y el cartílago acetabular posterior nativo. Se publicaron dos artículos de este trabajo; el primero incluyó los resultados clínicos obtenidos a los 38 meses de seguimiento, el segundo incluyó el resultado radiológico del estudio de mapeo cuantitativo T2 imágenes de resonancia magnetica. El estudio concluyó la eficacia de la utilización de implantes basados en Chitosan con microfractura para el tratamiento de defectos condrales acetabulares de gran espesor asociados con CFA, como se muestra en la mejoría clínica y el resultado radiológico. Esto proporcionó una modalidad prometedora para la preservación de las articulaciones de la cadera en pacientes jóvenes activos.
Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI), as a change in the morphology of the proximal femur or the acetabulum, produces a mechanical disturbance in the hip joint which can initiate the degenerative process and finally osteoarthritis. There are two serious problems associated with FAI; chondral delamination which occurs more frequently with the non-spherical head of femur ( CAM type) because of repeated shear forces, and labral damage which is more frequent with the acetabular over-coverage ( pincer type) due to repeated compressive forces. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the short-term and mid-term results of using the chitosan-based scaffold with microfracture during the arthroscopic treatment of FAI and associated acetabular chondral lesions in young active patients. The included cases were non-arthritic non-dysplastic hips in the age of 18 to 55 years old. The arthroscopic treatment consisted of resection of the Cam deformity (femoroplasty), resection of the pincer deformity (acetabuloplasty), repair of the torn labrum, and management of the acetabular cartilage according to the degree of damage. Partial thickness cartilage lesions were treated by superficial debridement. Small full-thickness acetabular lesions (<2 cm2) were treated by microfractures. Large full-thickness lesions (≤2 cm2) received augmentation by the chitosan-based scaffold material. Clinical outcome was evaluated in 23 patients included in the study. The results showed a significant improvement in the four PROs of 21 patients (91%) during the first year. The functional improvement hasn’ t changed significantly for the same patients during the second year up to the endpoint of the study as referring the comparison with the corresponding first year PROs except for the iHOT33 score which showed further significant improvement. It is importantly noted that major complications, such as infection, DVT, instability and fractures, were not recorded in any case of our study. One patient needed total hip arthroplasty. Perineal hypoesthesia occurred in 3 patients and recovered within 2-6 weeks, and one patient needed prolonged physiotherapy program for postoperative muscular stiffness. Cartilage repair quality was assessed in twenty-one patients by T2 mapping techniques of MRI after 24 months. T2 relaxation times of the repair area have been compared with the corresponding posterior cartilage. Quantitative T2 relaxation analysis showed a non-significant difference between the peripheral area of the repair tissue (at the chondrolabral junction) and the native acetabular cartilage posteriorly. Also, a non-significant difference could be observed between the T2 values of the central area of the repair tissue (close to the center of the joint) and the native posterior acetabular cartilage. Two articles were published from this work; the first included the clinical results obtained at mean 38 months follow-up, the second included the radiological outcome of the quantitative T2 mapping study. The study concluded the efficacy of using the chitosan-based scaffold with microfracture for treatment of large full thickness acetabular chondral defects associated with FAI as shown the clinical improvement and radiological outcome. This provided a promising modality for preservation of hip joints in young active patients
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Programa de Doctorat en Cirurgia i Ciències Morfològiques
Vegas, Albino Diana Pamela. "Cultivo primario de condrocitos a partir de cartílago hialino articular de Equus Caballus post-mortem." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2011. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/1355.
Full text--- The objective of this thesis was to obtain a primary culture of chondrocytes from postmortem Equus caballus, isolated from hyaline articular sternocostal cartilage. We collected a total of 24 rib cages of benefit horses for human and animal consumption, obtained from Casablanca Equine Camal located in the district of Pachacamac, Lima; from each one we obtained 4 irregular semi-oval samples of 0.8 cm width, 0.6 cm long and 0.2 cm tall. The isolation of chondrocytes was performed mechanically, with the technique of cross blades from Freshney (2005), and so enzymatically with 0.05% trypsin solution with 0.5 g of EDTA, 0.2% and 0.04% collagenase solution. Then they were grown in Basal Medium Eagle (BME) + 10% Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS), BME + 5% FBS, Tissue Culture Medium-199 (TCM-199) + 10% FCS and TCM-199 + 5% FBS; for a period of 10 days at 37 ° C, 5% CO2 and 5% humidity. Subsequently, cells were resuspended from the plates in trypsin solution (trypsin 0.05%, EDTA 0.2 g.), to count them in a Neubauer chamber and to determine the proliferation rate and survival rate, respectively. We observed an increase in cell proliferation in both BME and in TCM-199 with 10% FBS, the proliferation rate obtained for BME +10% FBS was 4.550 + / -1.366, for TCM-199 +10% FBS was 3.709 + / -1.183, for BME +5% FBS was 0.438 + / -0.095 and for TCM-199 + 5 % SBF was 0.388 + / -0.093, therefore the culture medium that obtained the best proliferation rate was BME + 10% FBS. The survival rate did not exceed the value of 1 in all media, but the one closer to this value was the obtained with BME + 10% FBS (0987 + / -0025). In conclusion, it was possible to obtain a primary culture of chondrocytes from hyaline articular sternocostal cartilage of Equus caballus post-mortem, being BME + 10% FBS the medium which had the best results.
Tesis
Reverté, Vinaixa María Mercedes. "Tratamiento de los defectos del cartílago articular en la rodilla." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/310620.
Full textChondral and osteochondral lesions in the knee appear in young, active and demanding people with high expectations of life. This represents a big problem, since the cartilage once destroyed, has no potential to repair. Due to poor intrinsic healing capacity the Chondral and osteochondral lesions tend to cause morbidity in form of pain and dysfunction. There are different surgical techniques. Articular cartilage injuries in the knee are grouped depending on the compartment affected: the tibiofemoral or the patellofemoral. This study analyses the evolution of the treatment of chondral injuries in two different techniques: mosaicplasty and synthetic implants. The first part of the paper presents a retrospective study of chondral and osteochondral lesions in femoral condyles treated with osteochondral autograft transplantation (mosaicplasty). In order to assess clinical outcomes, quality of life and patient satisfaction. As well, the integration of the implant in the affected area between 4 and 7 years postoperatively by nuclear magnetic resonance. Patients with chondral and osteochondral lesions of 1 to 4 cm2 in femoral condyles treated by mosaicplasty have good clinical and functional results (IKDC and EVA), an improvement in quality of life (SF-36) and satisfaction. At 4 years the average IKDC score was 75% (range 36-100%), SF-36 of 83% (range 64-93%) and EVA was ≤3 in 13 of 14 patients. Seven years postoperatively the mean IKDC score was 88% (range 69-98%), the SF-36 90% (range 81-95%) and EVA was ≤3 in all patients. The poorest results were seen in lesions> 2 cm2 and patients> 45 years. MRI at 7 years showed correct integration of the implant in all cases except in three patients in which surface fissures were observed in the transplanted articular cartilage without clinical significance. Therefore we recommend treatment with osteochondral autograft or mosaicplasty in young patients with osteochondral lesions of limited size. The second part of the study is a prospective study of chondral injuries in the patellofemoral joint treated with biodegradable synthetic implants (Trufit®). Until then, in the literature its use had only been descibred in injuries in the femoral condyles, with good short-term results. The objective of this study was to evaluate clinical outcomes, functional knee questionnaires and quality of life questionnaires in patients with patellar chondral lesions treated with biodegradable synthetic implants. Also, the nuclear magnetic resonance characteristics of synthetic resorbable implants used to repair chondral defects of the patella at 6, 12, 18 and 24 months postoperatively. Patients had good results in terms of clinical improvement in pain (VAS), joint function (KOOS), quality of life (SF-36) and degree of satisfaction at 12 months after surgery. These results deteriorated progressively at 18 and 24 months. Two years after surgery in all patients except one, the MRI study revealed some degree of failure in the incorporation of the implant and alterations in the cartilage surface such as collapse and fissures. In all cases we proceeded to remove the implants, the morphology of the removed material showed the failure in restoration of the subchondral bone despite the formation of hyaline cartilage on the surface. After our study we do not recommend using TruFit® for patellar chondral defects in young and active patients.
Monsalvo, Andres Damián. "Segmentación de cartílago hialino en imagenes de resonancia mágnetica de rodillas." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11086/6520.
Full textDiseña e implementa los algoritmos necesarios para la segmentación automática del cartílago articular de la rodilla en imágenes de resonancia magnéticas
Peris, Puchol David. "Aplicació de cèl·lules mare mesenquimals per a la regeneració de cartílag articular." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/96275.
Full textThe joint diseases represent a significant health problem with a very high prevalence (in Europe varies between 11% and 25%) and still rising every day in the western world. Last 20 years, the adult mesenchymal stem cells and their regenerative properties have been studied intensively to find feasible applications for the cure of these diseases. The combination of these cells with synthetic materials such as biopolymers, has emerged a new branch of medicine, regenerative medicine. The work presented below focuses on the development of a therapy-based regenerative medicine for the regeneration of osteochondral injury where the cartilage is affected and cannot repair or regenerate itself. In this dissertation we present a design and realization of a preclinical trial for osteochondral injury regeneration, in sheep animal model, through a combination of CMMA and a biopolymer. As starting point, studies were performed to characterize different cellular sources of CMMA from three different tissues: hyaline cartilage, bone marrow and fat. Different methods have been set up for isolation and expansion of CMMA, and growth kinetics have been characterized, obtaining results that indicate an inverse relationship between seeding density and the maximum specific growth rate. We show that the CMMA are mesenchymal stem cell because of phenotype analysis, physiology, morphology and multipotentiality. A preclinical trial for regeneration of osteochondral lesions in animal model (sheep) is designed and composed by a construct consisting in CMMA colonized in a synthetic polymer, poly-Lactic Acid-co-glycolic (PLGA). The fabrication and characterization of PLGA-CMMA construct is performed based on the trial design. The PLGA is studied in terms of porosity and its ability to be homogeneously colonized by the CMMA. The homogeneous colonization of CMMA is demonstrated histologically. Once the construct is characterized, we set up a pilot experiment where hyaline cartilage was taken from a sheep and then CMMA were isolated, expanded, colonized in a cylinder of PLGA and reintroduced arthorscopically to the femorotibial joint, where previously we had generated an artificial osteochondral injury, to assess the regeneration or repair of articular cartilage. The regeneration evaluation was based on the macroscopic results, magnetic resonance imaging and histology samples. The results show the construct to be biocompatible, bioreabsorbible and hyaline cartilage regeneration in some cases. To confirm these results we performed a preclinical trial of the same features as the pilot, with comparison of different cell sources characterized before (bone marrow, hyaline cartilage and fat), with a larger number of animals and extended period study to 6 and 12 months. The results show safety and higher efficacy in the treatment based on the application of PLGA colonized with CMMA from bone marrow. This work is structured initially with an introduction (Chapter 1), which performs an exhaustive description of the hyaline cartilage, the different treatments of osteocondral pathologies, the concept of regenerative medicine, the CMMA, the biopolymers and cell-polymer interactions. Then (chapter 2), we set the main objectives of the work. In chapter 3 cellular characterization of CMMA is performed. Then (chapter 4) the preliminary studies with PLGA, the CMMA and colonization is performed in order to set up the pilot study in animal model. Chapter 5 performs preclinical trial. Chapter 6 summarizes the main conclusions of the work. Finally, there is the materials and methods (Chapter 7) used in this work, and Appendix (Chapter 8).
Nazal, Lama Nicolás Ignacio. "Células troncales mesenquimáticas en presencia de ácido hialurónico y dexametasona regeneran cartílago articular." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2006. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/105506.
Full textNo autorizada por el autor para ser publicada a texto completo en el Portal de Tesis Electrónicas
Las estrategias clínicamente usadas para el tratamiento de lesiones articulares se enfocan en aliviar el dolor y la inflamación, porque el cartílago adulto tiene una mínima capacidad regenerativa. Así, frente a un daño severo el cartílago hialino es remplazado por cartílago fibroso, que se distingue del primero en la composición de su MEC y en consecuencia, en sus propiedades biomecánicas. El objetivo del presente trabajo es desarrollar una estrategia de terapia celular que permita regenerar el cartílago articular. La hipótesis de trabajo es que células troncales mesenquimáticas (MSC) autólogas, embebidas en ácido hialurónico (HA) e implantadas en una lesión condral grave, en presencia de dexametasona como anti-inflamatorio e inductor de diferenciación, regeneran in vivo cartílago hialino y no fibrocartílago. Para evaluar dicha hipótesis, se produjo quirúrgicamente una lesión de 20,25 mm2 x 1,5 mm de profundidad (aproximadamente 30 mm3) en el cartílago patelar de conejos New Zealand. Dos semanas después, en dicha lesión se implantaron 1x106 cMSC, previamente aisladas de la médula ósea del mismo animal, embebidas en HA. A partir de ese momento, se inyectó intra-articularmente 0,25 mg/Kg de dexametasona una vez a la semana. A las 6 semanas post-implante, los conejos fueron sometidos a eutanasia, se disectaron sus cartílagos articulares y se analizaron molecularmente en función de la expresión de col1, col2, vers, agg y gapdh, para discriminar entre cartílago hialino y fibroso. Los resultados obtenidos en este trabajo muestran que es factible obtener MSC a partir de aspirados de médula ósea de conejo, dado que las células adherentes aisladas proliferan en presencia de un medio definido suplementado con suero fetal bovino (SFB) y se diferencian in vitro a adipocitos, osteocitos y condrocitos. Por su parte y como era de esperar, se observó que las lesiones condrales de espesor completo cicatrizan a expensas de tejido fibroso, que expresa altos niveles de col1 y vers y bajos niveles de col2 y agg. En cambio, si a 2 semanas post-lesión, en ella se implantan cMSC embebidas en HA y luego se inyecta intra-articular y post-operatoriamente dexametasona, 6 semanas post-implante se genera un cartílago que expresa altos niveles de col2 y agg y bajos niveles de col1 y vers. Estos resultados sugieren que es posible regenerar cartílago hialino utilizando MSC en presencia de HA y dexametasona en un plazo de 6 semanas. Lo cual debe corroborarse con estudios histológicos y funcionales, para poder afirmar que se dispone de una estrategia terapéutica que garantiza la regeneración del cartílago hialino
Carreón, Valdés Oscar Dario. "Cuantificación del Volumen Relativo dañado del Cartílago Articular de la Rodilla mediante Mapas de tiempos de Relajación T2." Tesis de Licenciatura, Medicina-Quimica, 2013. http://ri.uaemex.mx/handle/20.500.11799/13802.
Full textMartín, Hernández Carlos. "Estudio mecánico, histológico e histomorfométrico del regenerado de cartílago a partir de injertos de periostio invertido." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/4250.
Full textBasándose en la capacidad condrogénica de su capa profunda, el periostio ha sido empleado para el recubrimiento y reparación de lesiones condrales y osteocondrales.
Los objetivos de este trabajo son:
1. Analizar las propiedades viscoelásticas del tejido de reparación obtenido a partir de injertos libres de periostio invertido sobre defectos osteocondrales de espesor completo.
2. Determinar si la similitud de las características histológicas del tejido de reparación a partir de los mencionados injertos con el cartílago sano se corresponde con una semejanza en el comportamiento biomecánico.
3. Determinar la influencia de la movilización continua pasiva sobre la naturaleza y propiedades mecánicas del tejido de reparación.
4. Evaluar la durabilidad del tejido de reparación a largo plazo.
Material y método:
Se realizaron defectos de 4x4 mm en el surco patelar de la rodilla derecha de 57 conejos New Zealand adolescentes de tres meses de edad que fueron recubiertos con un autoinjerto libre de periostio invertido. De los 50 conejos aptos 24 fueron sometidos a movilización contínua pasiva durante 2 semanas 8 horas diarias y 26 a movilidad libre. Las patas izquierdas fueron utilizadas como control. El sacrificio se realizó a las 8 semanas en 43 conejos y a las 36 semanas en otros 7. Se realizó estudio histológico (aplicando una modificación de la escala de O´Driscoll), histomorfométrico y mecánico empleando un sistema de indentacion para calcular la rigidez elástica del tejido de reparación.
Resultados:
Los resultados macroscópicos fueron 65.1% buenos, 27.9% regulares y 6.9% malos a las 8 semanas. A las 36, 14.2%, 71.4% y 14.2%. En el 69.7% de los casos el tejido fue considerado hialino. No hubo diferencias según movilidad a las 8 semanas. A las 36, el porcentaje de tejido hialino disminuyó, pero en un grado mucho mayor en el grupo de MAI.
A las 8 semanas, el tejido regenerado era más grueso que el control, sin observarse influencia de la movilización sobre los parámetros histomorfométricos. A las 36 semanas el tejido mostraba características estructurales peores y menor grosor, apareciendo fenómenos degenerativos.
El coeficiente de rigidez elástica mostró una relación inversamente proporcional al grosor del tejido en estudio
Conclusiones:
1. El tejido de reparación cuando presenta características hialinas, tiene un comportamiento viscoelástico similar al del cartílago hialino.
2. La rigidez elástica es menor en el tejido regenerado que en el cartílago normalprobablemente por un mayor grosor del primero.
3. La MCP no influye en la aparición de uno u otro tipo de tejido ni en los parámetros histológicos, histomorfométricos ni mecánicos a las 8 semanas, Sin embargo, a largo plazo parece ejercer un efecto protector sobre el tejido de reparación.
4. A las 36 semanas aparecieron fenómenos degenerativos y un aumento de la rigidez elástica, datos que confirman la escasa durabilidad del tejido de reparación.
Introduction:
Periosteum has been used to resurface chondral defects based on its capability to regenerate cartilage.
The objectives of this study are:
1. To analyse the viscoelastic properties of the regenerated tissue obtained from periosteal grafts in full-thickness defects.
2. To correlate the histological and histomorphometrical characteristics with the mechanical properties of the tissue.
3. To find the influence of continuous passive motion on the histological and mechanical properties.
4. To evaluate the durability of the regenerated tissue.
Material and method:
Full thickness 4mm defects were performed in the patellar groove of the right knee of 57 young New Zealand white rabbits. All of them were resurfaced with free periosteal autografts with the deep aspect facing the joint. 50 rabbits underwent histologic, hystomorphometric and mechanical study. 24 were placed on a continuous passive motion machine 8 hours a day during 2 weekse and 26 returned to cage activity.Left limbs were used as control. 43 animals were sacrifized at 8 weeks and 7 at 36 weeks postoperatively.
Results:
Macroscopic results were good in 65.1% of the cases, fair in 27.9% and poor in 6.9% at 8 weeks. At 36 weeks results were 14.2%, 71.4% and 14.2% respectively. Regenerated tissue was considered to be hyaline in 69.7% of the cases. There were no differences induced by motion at 8 weeks. Hyaline tissue decreased at 36 weeks, more significantly in the IAM group.
At 8 weeks regenerated tissue was thicker than control independently of the motion protocol. Tissue was thinner at 36 weeks, and showed worse structural characteristics with degeneative changes.
Elas tic stiffness was inversely proportional to the thikness of the tissue.
Conclusions:
1. Regenerated hyaline tissue shows viscoelastic properties similar to those of the normal cartilage.
2. Elastic stifness is lower in the regenerated tissue than in control cartilage , probably due to its higher thickness.
3. There is no influence of the CPM on the histological, histomorphometrical and mechanical parametres at 8 weeks, but at 36 weeks there is a protective effect of the CPM over the regenerated tissue.
4. Regenerated tissue showed degenerative changes at 36 weeks with an increase in elastic stiffness. These data confirm the scarce durability of the regenerated tissue.
Forriol, Brocal Francisco. "Ingeniería tisular en el cartílago articular: Estudio in vivo del proceso de regeneración mediante Scaffolds bioestables." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de València, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/52081.
Full textMany of the surgical techniques employed nowadays in the treatment of cartilage articular lesions allow fibrocartilaginous tissue to be obtained. In the current study, we used twelve-week old New Zealand rabbits. Following the legal protocols established for experimental surgery, a lesion on the surface of the osteochondral complex of the animal’s knee was created using a cutaneous biopsy instrument of 3 mm in diameter. The induced defect was then filled with an implant of different compositions for each specific series. Four different series of surgery were distinguished according to the biomaterials used for the synthesis of each implanted scaffold. In series I, the supports were composed of 90% ethyl acrylate (EA) and 10% methacrylic acid (MAAc). Series II employed scaffolds composed of 90% EA and 10% hydroxyl acrylate (HEA). The chemical composition of series III implants was 50% EA and 50% HEA. Finally, series IV implants were solely composed of polyethyl acrylate (PEA). Each series included four animals, two of which had implants containing allogeneic chondrocytes and the remaining two containing no chondral cells inside the three-dimensional structure. Thus, a total of sixteen rabbits were used for this study. Three months after surgery, the animals were put down. The gathered samples were processed for the subsequent histological study. We used routine histological staining, histochemistry and immunohistochemistry techniques in order to detect type-II collagen, osteocalcin and Ki-67. All the implants remained stable inside the induced defect, and did not require the use of contention techniques. The scaffolds made up of the most hydrophobic biomaterial (PEA) remained on the surface of the osteochondral complex and showed no signs of deformability. On the opposite, the structures containing more hydrophilic biomaterials (50% HEA), such as those used in series III, appeared in depth with regard to the articulation surface, and concave shaped. Although the osteochondral complex was regenerated in all of the series, the best tissular response was obtained in series II with allogeneic chondrocytes implants, and in series IV with no chondral cells.