Academic literature on the topic 'Cartographic system'
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Journal articles on the topic "Cartographic system"
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Chabaniuk, Viktor, and Leonid Rudenko. "Metacartography of A. Aslanikashvili and Relational Cartography." InterCarto. InterGIS 26, no. 4 (2020): 343–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.35595/2414-9179-2020-4-26-343-357.
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Relational cartography is defined as the coordinated arts, sciences and technologies of making and using relations in cartographic systems and between cartographic systems. It is orthogonal to the paradigms of cartography, which research subject is map. The article describes the influence of A. Aslanikashvili’s metacartography (hereinafter Metacartography) on the main components of relational cartography based on patterns (hereafter Relational Cartography or RelCa) as a science: inquiry domain (research subject), knowledge about the research subject, and methodology for acquisition new knowledge about the research subject. When considering the research subjects, the cases of coincidence of specific spaces of Metacartography and relational spaces and spatial systems of RelCa are described. It is proved that the main influence of Metacartography on knowledge of the RelCa research subject is the cartographic justification of the presence and correctness of epistemological relations in and between cartographic systems (and their originals in actuality). It is shown that the cartographic method of cognition of the Metacartography research subject is the basis of specialized cartographic methods of cognition of RelCa spatial systems. The main differences between Metacartography and RelCa are the need to extend the RelCa research subject caused by the needs of modern cartographic practice. It leads to the extension of knowledge about the research subject, as well as to the corresponding development of methodology for acquisition new knowledge about the RelCa research subject. It has been suggested that coordinating one of the Subject cartographies with RelCa will allow creation of System Cartography. Such System Cartography will finally be a theory of cartography that will allow cartography to emerge from a constant crisis. In addition, practitioners will receive scientific explanations and justification for the necessary tools to deal with new cartographic phenomena.
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Chabaniuk, Viktor S., and Leonid G. Rudenko. "Software solutions in the processes of creating and using atlas interactive maps." Journal of the Belarusian State University. Geography and Geology, no. 2 (November 29, 2019): 25–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.33581/2521-6740-2019-2-25-39.
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Cartographic interactivity is now most often understood as an addition to cartographic representations for end users of electronic maps. The article substantiates the need to extend this understanding. This extension will help in creation of the modern atlas systems, which are increasingly being developed as integrated or consisting of several systems. Along with end users, expert-cartographers (developers) and analysts also become users of atlas systems and their interactive maps. Users with relevant knowledge are combined into epistemologically ordered echelons – the higher the echelon, the more knowledge about interactivity the user should possess. Therefore, atlas interactive cartography should now be considered for many simultaneously operating systems and for many users. Examples of new operations of cartographic interactivity for new echelons of users are given: for expert-cartographers this is a dynamic change (i. e. during the operation of the system) of the cartographic method of modeling actuality, and for analysts, the model itself. A review of software solutions that are used to implement extended cartographic interactivity when creating a new generation of atlas systems has been completed. To prove the results, the methods of new relational cartography are used. In particular, the method of conceptual frameworks of atlas systems is used, which allows combining the methods of classical cartography and the methods of relational cartography into the system method of future system cartography. As examples of the paradigms of classical cartography, the communicative paradigm and growth perspective of R. Roth from the University of Wisconsin-Madison are chosen.
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Petkov, Dobrin, and Temenoujka Bandrova. "Classification of cartographic models according to their content, dimensionality, material of production and types of reality." InterCarto. InterGIS 26, no. 1 (2020): 434–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.35595/2414-9179-2020-1-26-434-446.
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Cartography as one of the most ancient science and practice supply users with cartographic models and deliver them with geospatial information. Now in the days of technological revolution and digital earth we cannot find clearly classification of cartographic models including the latest achievements of science, technics and methodology. Several classifications, mainly of maps are shown and critical review is done. It is visible that no standardization in this field. Cartography as a mathematical science need classification system of its models, data and information. It is needed to everybody who make and use cartographic models. The classification system offers a possible method for selecting a suitable model that can be used to visualize a data set or theory. The point of classification is to take large number of observations and group them into data ranges or classes. This paper represents an information about cartographic models and make attempt to classify them according to their content (general, thematic, specialized), dimensionality (2D, 2.5D, 3D, 4D, multidimensional), material of production (paper / hard base, digital, anaglyph, holographic, web), and types of reality (virtual, augmented, physical). This is done on the base of new cartographic models appeared with technical innovation and computer-aided systems used in cartography nowadays.
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Chabaniuk, Viktor, and Kateryna Polyvach. "Cartographic interpretation of the “meta” notion in the cultural heritage context." InterCarto. InterGIS 26, no. 4 (2020): 371–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.35595/2414-9179-2020-4-26-371-384.
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The monograph [Aslanikashvili, 1974] does not define the term “metacartography”, although the notion itself is described in sufficient detail to be understood. A. Aslanikashvili’s metacartography has proven to be very useful in considering the relations between modern systematic cartographic phenomena, which are often relate to Web 2.0 cartography. The article offers a practical interpretation of the “meta” notion in such phenomena as National Atlases, National Spatial Data Infrastructures and OpenStreetMap. This is done using the Conceptual Frameworks (CoFr) method and the Atlas Extender (AtEx), which allow extending atlases in the classical sense to extended atlas systems. AtEx implements a CoFr method of relational cartography based on patterns (hereinafter RelCa), among which are relational patterns of “meta”. CoFr describe the structure of spatial information systems in an extended sense, and relational cartographies are defined as the coordinated art, science and technology of making and using relations in (extended) cartographic systems and between (extended) cartographic systems. Due to this we can consider relational spaces that have a lot in common with the specific spaces of A. Aslanikashvili. To apply the RelCa methods, the understanding of “metacartography”, “map meta-model” and “map language” notions have been updated. For this purpose, Model-Based Engineering (MBE) has been used, an area of computer science that is evolving in our century. The analogies between BMI constructions, modern systematic cartographic phenomena and A. Aslanikashvili metacartography are shown. It has been proved abductively that in modern conditions the field of cartography research needs to be extended by relational spaces or to a system of spatial systems of a certain epistemological structure. Important in this structuring is the relation of “meta” that A. Aslanikashvili began to explore. The abduction proved the presence and necessity of using the “meta” relation when constructing cultural heritage maps. In particular, the interpretation of the “meta” relation for choropleth maps is proposed, modeling the saturation assessment of the country by the entities of the material cultural heritage. The results obtained will be included in the Atlas of Cultural Heritage of Ukraine.
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Chibryakov, Ya Yu. "“Theoretical Geography” by William Bunge and its significance for cartography." Geodesy and Cartography 979, no. 1 (February 20, 2022): 18–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.22389/0016-7126-2022-979-1-18-30.
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“Theoretical Geography” by William Bunge (1928–2013) was studied in detail from cartographic point of view. The history of creating this work was also considered. The book was a manifesto of a new direction in geography, based on mathematical methods and metacartography. The latter’s concept developed by Bunge formed a new look at the subject, methodology and philosophical foundations of cartography. Bunge was first to suggest the ambiguity of the map’s epistemological essence, included anamorphoses into the contents of cartographic works, presented maps and aerial photos as part of a general imaging system and correlated cartography with mathematics. He made a significant contribution to development of the transport cartography theory, to mapping methods (innovations related to development of topographic bases and application of cartographic representation methods). The author analyzes the development of this composition’s cartographic ideas by his contemporaries, as well as in the subsequent works of Bunge himself. It was concluded that the contribution of “Theoretical Geography” to cartography is not smaller than that to geographical science development.
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Kuznecov, Sergei M., Alexey V. Dubrovsky, and Olesya I. Malygina. "ON THE ISSUE OF TECHNICAL REGULATION IN THE FIELD OF GEODESY, CARTOGRAPHY AND SPATIAL DATA." Interexpo GEO-Siberia 3, no. 2 (July 8, 2020): 3–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.33764/2618-981x-2020-3-2-3-11.
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The article deals with the Normative and technical support of cartographic and geodetic works and mandatory and voluntary requirements. A significant amount of technical requirements in the field of geodesy and cartography contain normative legal acts and normative and technical documents that establish norms and rules for performing geodetic and cartographic work, requirements for final products. In retrospect, these requirements were established as mandatory, including documents included in the system of geodetic and cartographic instructions, norms and rules.
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Rice-Rollins, Julie A. "The Cartographic Heritage of the Lakota Sioux." Cartographic Perspectives, no. 48 (June 1, 2004): 39–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.14714/cp48.458.
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This article serves as an introduction to traditional cartographic tools and techniques of the Lakota Sioux people of the northern Great Plains. The study reveals that the Lakota created maps and utilized other cartographic tools that, while not following a western system of coordinates, grids, and scales, were nonetheless accurate instruments for navigation to important routes, landmarks, hunting grounds, and sacred sites. The tools and techniques utilized included oral transmission of cartographic data, stories and songs in the oral tradition, stellar cartography, hide maps, petroglyphs, earth scratchings, and various other physical and spiritual markers.
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Chibryakov, Ya Yu. "On the term of “mapping”." Geodesy and Cartography 950, no. 8 (September 20, 2019): 59–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.22389/0016-7126-2019-950-8-59-63.
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The purpose of the article is ordering the use of the term “mapping” in the scientific field. The history of the issue and the situation with the consolidation of this term in the normative documents (GOST) is considered; a critical review of the definitions used in the cartographical reference and educational literature is given. The reasons for the errors in its use may be related to the linguistic features of the pair of terms “cartography” and “mapping”, and the specifics of cartographic terminology in general. It reflects the triple essence of cartography as a field of science, technology and production. The place of mapping in the system “creation – use of maps” is shown on the basis of the model-cognitive concept in relation to the branches of thematic cartography. The author substantiates the inadmissibility of using the term of “map-ping” to denote the scientific directions being borderland between cartography and various geographical and technical sciences. The definition of the term of “mapping” as a process of creating cartographical works is proposed.
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Gotlib, Dariusz, and Robert Olszewski. "From conceptual modeling to a map." Proceedings of the ICA 1 (May 16, 2018): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-proc-1-49-2018.
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Nowadays almost every map is a component of the information system. Design and production of maps requires the use of specific rules for modeling information systems: conceptual, application and data modelling. While analyzing various stages of cartographic modeling the authors ask the question: at what stage of this process a map occurs. Can we say that the “life of the map” begins even before someone define its form of presentation? This question is particularly important at the time of exponentially increasing number of new geoinformation products. During the analysis of the theory of cartography and relations of the discipline to other fields of knowledge it has been attempted to define a few properties of cartographic modeling which distinguish the process from other methods of spatial modeling. Assuming that the map is a model of reality (created in the process of cartographic modeling supported by domain-modeling) the article proposes an analogy of the process of cartographic modeling to the scheme of conceptual modeling presented in ISO 19101 standard.
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Radunzel, Joel Douglas. "Using the Right Tool: David Woodward's Suggested Framework and the Study of Military Cartography." Cartographic Perspectives, no. 81 (November 9, 2015): 23–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.14714/cp81.1281.
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In 1974 David Woodward suggested a framework for organizing the study of the history of cartography that unified on one hand the process and the output of cartographic production, and on the other hand the four sequential phases of cartographic production, from information gathering through document use. In a survey of scholars who have cited Woodward’s model I note that, while this framework has influenced the conceptual development of map history, it has rarely been applied rigorously to specific instances of mapping. I argue that this model is an underutilized tool in cartographic scholarship, and that Woodward’s matrix is ideally suited to examining how military units carry out mapping. Because military units, particularly large ones, are in effect self-contained systems that cyclically produce, use, and reproduce their own maps, I contend that scholars can modify Woodward’s original model in content, though not in structure, to study military mapping activities. To illustrate this point, I present as a case study the British military’s Egyptian Expeditionary Force (EEF) during the Gaza Campaign of late 1917. This force performed a broad range of mapping activity, much of it innovative. A modification of the Woodward framework that brings together the specific elements of the EEF’s information gatherers, information processors, and map users into a single cohesive cartographic system illustrates the value and utility of this framework for studying the history of military cartography.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Cartographic system"
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Richard, Gina Dawn. "Radical Cartographies: Relational Epistemologies and Principles for Successful Indigenous Cartographic Praxis." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/578886.
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Indigenous cartography is based on a relational epistemology that works within a system where "place" and "ways of knowing" are intimately tied to Native communities' notions of kinship, oral tradition, and traditional ecological knowledge acquired over the millennia. It brings to life a place where mapping and geography cease to be simply Cartesian coordinates on a Euclidean plane and instead become storied landscapes. Indigenous cartography can be described as "radical" because it represents a departure from traditional Western ways of mapping and affirms an Indigenous political, economic and cultural sovereignty. As an intensely political act, Indigenous cartography can be an important tool used by Indigenous people to assert sovereignty in a bottom-up approach to land claims, in the management of cultural resources, and even to claim human remains for repatriation and reburial. If Indigenous groups wish to successfully utilize geospatial technologies as legal strategies, it will first require the development of the necessary infrastructure and training of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) specialists from within. In much the same way that colonial practices of the past worked to achieve hegemony through the making of political and cultural boundaries, Indigenous cartography can work to dismantle these same colonial boundaries. A theory and methodology of Indigenous cartographic praxis is in use among some First Nations in British Columbia. However no "best practices" yet exist for the Indigenous use-and-mapping discipline. Consequently in the United States, Indigenous mapping is still considered an emerging approach. Therefore, can American Indian political and cultural sovereignty be supported by the implementation of Indigenous geospatial technologies? This dissertation will examine the British Columbian model and distill principles that can be successfully implemented by U. S. Native American communities who wish to develop capacity for this emerging geospatial technology based on the success of the First Nations model.
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Woodfin, Thomas McCall. "The cartography of capitalism: cartographic evidence for the emergence of the capitalist world-system in early modern europe." Diss., Texas A&M University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/85839.
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The economic competition between the Netherlands, France and England is documented in the atlases published in Amsterdam, Paris and London between 1500 and 1800. However, the relationship between mapping and economic processes remains mostly unexplored in the history of cartography. World-system theory has application to the history of cartography in the early modern period for identifying the linkages between cartography and long-term economic processes.This research analyzes the production of maps, specifically in world and maritime atlases, in these three cities as the geographic expression of the emergent capitalist world system in early modern Europe. The economic concepts of core and periphery as proposed by Immanuel Wallerstein are defined cartographically in the structural morphologies of Dutch, French and English atlases published in this period. Each country mapped itself as a core and such cartographic self-definitions reflect their individual geographic and economic contexts. The Netherlands and England created core atlases in the sixteenth century that evolved in support of business and transport as well as state interests. The French core atlas initiated at the end of the seventeenth century was a governmentally sponsored survey dedicated primarily toward state administration control. The Netherlands, Fance and England also mapped their continental and extra-European peripheries in world and maritime atlases. Dutch engagement in long-distance trade in agricultural commodities created world-system commodity chains of production. Dutch maritime atlases defined these networks of commercial opportunity for the first time. The creators of the first printed world atlases, Dutch cartographers also structured their productions of atlases as a commercial enterprise marketed toward an international clientele. Dutch maritime atlases were an important innovation and Amsterdam atlas publication dominated cartography in the seventeenth century. English publishers adopted Dutch innovations in map production and succeeded to dominance in printing atlases whose structural morphology embodies a world-system of commodity networks. The relationship of cartography to long-term economic processes is demonstrated by the Dutch and English atlases. Early modern world atlases portray the cartographic world-view of core and periphery. The maritime atlases provide the first portrayal of long-distance trade networks that continue to characterize the capitalist exchange of commodities globally.
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Papšys, Kęstutis. "Methodology of development of cartographic information system for evaluation of risk of extreme events." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2013. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2013~D_20130220_160846-94374.
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The thesis describes the methodology of evaluation of extreme events and development of cartographic information system for this purpose. Existing complex risk assessment systems in the world are analysed highlighting their advantages and disadvantages. Author proposes original integrated risk assessment methodology based on integration of information from different geographic data sources. A cartographic information system designed by the author allows for the assessment of extreme events threats and risks. The developed methodology includes methodology of cartographic information system component development and deployment. The work describes necessary extreme events data, methods of their collection and database design principles. The created model enables the user to collect the data on extreme hazard events and to aggregate several threats into a single synthetic threat. The concepts of risks and threats and risk assessment methodology are explained. The author introduces project of an information system operating in the Lithuanian Geographic Information Infrastructure and integrated in the Lithuania spatial information portal. The system is tested with several consistent spatial data sets for Lithuania. The thesis presents experimental results that show increased geological and meteorological risk areas in Lithuania. Finally, methodological and practical conclusions about the methods and system customization, reliability and compliance with standards are presented.Disertacijoje aprašoma ekstremalių įvykių vertinimo kartografinės informacinės sistemos kūrimo metodologija. Analizuojamos pasaulyje egzistuojančios kompleksinės rizikos vertinimo sistemos išryškinami jų trūkumai ir privalumai. Atliktos analizės pagrindu sukuriama originali daugeliu duomenų šaltinių pagrįsta kompleksinio rizikos vertinimo metodologija ir aprašoma autoriaus suprojektuota informacinė sistema leidžianti vertinti ekstremalių įvykių grėsmes ir riziką. Sukurta metodologija apima kartografinės informacinės sistemos sudedamųjų dalių kūrimo ir diegimo metodiką. Aprašomi sistemos veikimui reikiamų duomenų tipai, jų surinkimas, ekstremalių įvykių duomenų bazės kaupimo principai, sukuriamas ekstremalių įvykių grėsmių skaičiavimo ir kelių grėsmių apjungimo į vieną sintetinę grėsmę modelis. Aprašomas rizikos ir grėsmės santykis ir rizikos vertinimo metodologija. Disertacijoje taip pat pateikiama visos sistemos, veikiančios Lietuvos geografinės informacijos infrastruktūroje, ir integruotos Lietuvos erdvinės informacijos portale projektas. Sistema išbandyta su Lietuvoje pasiekiamais ir realiai egzistuojančiais erdvinių duomenų rinkiniais. Pateikiami eksperimento metu gauti rezultatai, rodantys padidintų geologinių ir meteorologinių rizikos rajonus Lietuvoje. Darbo pabaigoje pateikiamos metodologinės ir praktinės išvados apie metodų ir sistemos pritaikymą, patikimumą ir atitikimą standartams.
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Trautwein, Kathrin. "Präklinische Evaluierung des chirurgischen Navigationssystems „Surgical Cartographic Navigation System“ für die total endoskopische Bypassoperation an Herzphantomen." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2011. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-77889.
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Herzinfarkt und Tod stellen häufige Folgen der koronaren Herzerkrankung dar, die durch eine rechtzeitige aortokoronare Bypassoperation vermieden werden können. Im Gegensatz zur klassischen offenen Operation bieten minimal invasive Verfahren entscheidende Vorteile. Die erschwerte Orientierung stellt jedoch eine große Herausforderung in der minimal invasiven Herzchirurgie dar, insbesondere bei der Verwendung telemanipulatorischer Systeme, wie bei der total endoskopischen Bypassoperation (TECAB). Die Entwicklung des „Surgical Cartographic Navigation System“ (SCNS) verspricht eine deutliche Verbesserung der Orientierung des Chirurgen mithilfe der Nutzung modernster Techniken der Augmentierten Realität. Hierbei wird auf der Basis von CT-Datensätzen ein virtuelles Herzmodell geschaffen, welches als Grundlage der assistierten Navigation dient. Im Speziellen wird bei der durch das SCNS unterstützten TECAB Operation die aufzufindende Koronararterie in das Sichtfeld des Endoskopes projiziert („augmentiert“). Ziel dieses Dissertationsvorhabens war die Evaluation der klinischen Anwendbarkeit des SCNS während einer Simulation einer Inzision mit dem da Vinci™-System auf fünf individuell angefertigten Herzphantomen. Es sollte überprüft werden, ob der Chirurg mit Hilfe der Unterstützung durch die SCNS Sicht mit eingeblendeter Koronararterie einen direkten Kontakt zur LAD (Left Anterior Descending), der häufigsten Zielarterie der TECAB, herstellen kann. In einem Studienkollektiv, bestehend aus zehn medizinisch unerfahrenen Personen und zehn Herzchirurgen, wurde die Treffergenauigkeit der SCNS-gestützten Auffindung der LAD in insgesamt 300 Testversuchen überprüft. Insgesamt konnte die Arterie in 58 % der Fälle korrekt identifiziert werden. Dabei lag kein signifikanter Unterschied zwischen den beiden Gruppen vor. Hiermit konnte die klinische Anwendbarkeit des SCNS für die TECAB erstmals gezeigt werden. Des Weiteren wurden zwei Faktoren als vordringliche Ziele für zukünftige Fortentwicklungen identifiziert: Die Optimierung von Landmarken für die Registrierung des Herzens sowie die verbesserte optische Darstellung der Augmentierten Realität im Endoskopiesichtfeld. Zusammengefasst konnte in diesem Dissertationsvorhaben in einer umfassenden Studie gezeigt werden, dass das SCNS einen erfolgversprechenden Lösungsansatz für die Behebung kritischer Orientierungsprobleme der minimal invasiven Herzchirurgie bei der TECAB bietet. Die hier gewonnenen Erkenntnisse stellen die Grundlage für weitergehende Studien zur Fortentwicklung des SCNS dar, die vor einem klinischen Ersteinsatz erfolgen müssenIn the therapy of coronary heart disease minimally invasive and endoscopic methods offer considerable benefits to the patient, while for the surgeon difficult orientation and missing haptic feedback are still the leading problems in Endoscopic Bypass Grafting with telemanipulative systems. To support the surgeon with improved vision, a three dimensional model of the coronary artery tree based on CT scans is integrated into the view of the endoscope. The “Surgical Cartographic Navigation System” (SCNS) is a tool which provides this feature called Augmented Reality (AR). Aim of this study was the first technical analysis of the SCNS during a simulation of an incision with the da Vinci™ surgical system on an electronic heart phantom. The hypotheses was that with the guidance of the SCNS augmented reality view, the surgeon can perform a direct contact to the Left Anterior Descending Coronary Artery (LAD). Five anatomically correct heart phantoms were created using the rapid prototyping technology. The heart models were covered with an electrical conducting layer for the detection of the contact with the coronary artery or with the surrounding tissue. A 3D model of the coronary artery tree based on a CT scan was registered to the heart phantom and overlaid into the video screen of the da Vinci™ robot master console. Ten inexperienced medical students and ten experienced heart surgeons used the SCNS in a surgery simulation with the goal of finding the LAD artery and contacting the LAD with robot instruments. In 300 test runs 58 % of both groups hit the LAD correctly. The overlaid information created with the SCNS enables the surgeon to correctly identify the coronary artery. The clinical applicability of the SCNS for the TECAB Operation is hereby demonstrated. These findings are the basis for further studies on the further development of the SCNS, that is necessary before a clinical first-use
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Seo, Young-Woo. "Augmenting Cartographic Resources and Assessing Roadway State for Vehicle Navigation." Research Showcase @ CMU, 2012. http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/207.
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Maps are important for both human and robot navigation. Given a route, drivingassistance systems consult maps to guide human drivers to their destinations. Similarly, topological maps of a road network provide a robotic vehicle with information about where it can drive and what driving behaviors it should use. By providing the necessary information about the driving environment, maps simplify both manual and autonomous driving.
The majority of existing cartographic databases are built, using manual surveys and operator interactions, to primarily assist human navigation. Hence, the resolution of existing maps is insufficient for use in robotics applications. Also, the coverage of these maps fails to extend to places where robotics applications require detailed geometric information.
To augment the resolution and coverage of existing maps, this thesis investigates computer vision algorithms to automatically build lane-level detailed maps of highways and parking lots by analyzing publicly available cartographic resources, such as orthoimagery.
Our map-building methods recognize image patterns and objects that are tightly coupled with the structure of the underlying road network by 1) identifying, without human intervention, locally consistent image cues and 2) linking them based on the obtained local evidence and prior information about roadways. We demonstrate the accuracy of our bootstrapping approach in building lane-level detailed roadwaymaps through experiments.
Due to expected abnormal events on highways such as roadwork, the geometry and traffic rules of highways that appear on maps can occasionally change. This thesis also addresses the problem of updating the resulting maps with temporary changes by analyzing perspective imagery acquired from a vision sensor installed on a vehicle.
To robustly recognize highway work zones, our sign recognizer focuses on handling variations of signs’ colors and shapes. Sign recognition errors, which are inevitable, can cause our system to misread temporary highway changes. To handle potential errors, our method utilizes the temporal redundancy of sign occurrences and their corresponding classification decisions. We demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of our approach highway workzone recognition through testing with video data recorded under various weather conditions.
Two major results of this thesis work are 1) algorithms that analyze orthoimages to produce lane-level detailed maps of highways and parking lots and 2) on-vehicle computer vision algorithms that are able to recognize temporary changes on highways. Our maps can provide detailed information about a route, in advance, to either a human driver or a self-driving vehicle. While driving on highways, our roadway-assessing algorithms enable the vehicle to update the resulting maps with temporary changes to the route.
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Coral, Daniel Bustos. "A cartographic approach to the dynamic vehicle routing problem with time windows and stochastic customers." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/55/55134/tde-29102018-160027/.
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This dissertation presents a cartographic approach to the dynamic vehicle routing problem with time windows and stochastic customers (DVRPTWSC). The objectives are to minimize the total travel time and maximize the number of new requests served. Addressing the DVRPTWSC requires solving the vehicle routing problem with time windows (VRPTW). A memetic algorithm (MA) for the VRPTW is proposed. The MA prunes the search space using the information gathered by a clustering procedure, which is applied to customers spatial data. The cartographic approach to the DVRPTWSC is incorporated into a multiagent system where a dispatcher agent plans the routes for vehicle agents. Before creating the initial routing plan, a cartographic processing is applied. This procedure uses hierarchical clustering to divide the region where customers are located into a hierarchy of nested regions. The initial routing plan considers known requests and potential requests sampled from known probability distributions. It is created using the search operators of the MA, which in turn use the information obtained from the hierarchical clustering to perform the search. Over the planning horizon, the dispatcher updates the routing plan: Potential requests that were included in the initial routing plan and do not materialize are removed and new requests are processed using the assignation of requests based on nested regions (ARNR). The ARNR procedure is aimed at reducing the number of vehicles considered for serving new requests. It tries to assign the requests among the vehicles that can serve them at low detour costs. The nested regions created in the cartographic processing are used to identify such vehicles. Experimental results show that the proposed MA performs competitively with state-of-the-art heuristics for the VRPTW. The proposed approach to the DVRPTWSC outperforms approaches that do not include potential requests in the initial routing plan. The use of the ARNR procedure significantly reduces the number of vehicles considered for serving new requests, and it yields solutions similar to those obtained when considering all vehicles in operation. The proposed approach performs consistently under three levels of dynamism: low, medium, and high.Esta dissertação apresenta uma abordagem cartográfica para o problema de roteamento de veículos dinâmico com janelas de tempo e clientes estocásticos (DVRPTWSC, por sua sigla em inglês). Os objetivos considerados são minimizar o tempo total de viagem e maximizar o número de pedidos novos atendidos. Para abordar o DVRPTWSC é necessário resolver o problema de roteamento de veículos com janelas de tempo (VRPTW, por sua sigla em inglês). Assim, para tratar o VRPTW propõe-se um algoritmo memético (MA, por sua sigla em inglês). O MA reduz o espaço de busca usando informação obtida por meio de um procedimento de clusterização, o qual é aplicado aos dados espaciais dos clientes. Para o DVRPTWSC, a abordagem cartográfica é incorporada em um sistema multiagente, no qual um agente roteirizador planeja as rotas para os agentes veículos. O processamento cartográfico é aplicado antes de criar o plano de rotas inicial para o DVRPTWSC. Este procedimento usa clusterização hierárquica para dividir a região onde estão os clientes em uma hierarquia de regiões encaixadas. O plano de rotas inicial considera pedidos conhecidos e pedidos potenciais amostrados de distribuições de probabilidade conhecidas. Para obter o plano de rotas inicial, usam-se os operadores de busca do MA, os quais utilizam a informação obtida da clusterização hierárquica para fazer a busca. Ao longo do horizonte de planejamento, o roteirizador atualiza o plano de rotas: Pedidos potenciais que foram considerados no plano de rotas inicial e que não foram consolidados são removidos e novos pedidos são incluídos usando o procedimento assignation of requests based on nested regions (ARNR). O procedimento ARNR visa reduzir o número de veículos considerados para atender novos pedidos. Para isso, tenta designar os novos pedidos aos veículos disponíveis para o atendimento que possuem os menores custos de desvio da rota pré-determinada. As regiões encaixadas criadas no processamento cartográfico são utilizadas para identificar esses veículos. Para o VRPTW, resultados experimentais mostram que o MA proposto é competitivo com métodos do estado da arte. A abordagem proposta para o DVRPTWSC supera abordagens que não incluem pedidos potenciais no plano de rotas inicial. O uso do procedimento ARNR reduz significativamente o número de veículos considerados para atender novos pedidos, e produz soluções similares às produzidas quando se consideram todos os veículos em operação. A abordagem desenvolvida para o DVRPTWSC tem um desempenho consistente para três níveis de dinamismo: baixo, médio e alto.
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Maudet, Adrien. "Interactions entre niveaux dans un modèle orienté agent de généralisation cartographique : Le modèle DIOGEN." Thesis, Paris Est, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PESC1055/document.
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Les cartes représentent l'information géographique d'une zone donnée de manière d'autant plus simplifiée que l'échelle de la carte est petite. Le procédé de simplification, appelé généralisation cartographique, est soumis au respect de contraintes de lisibilité, d'adéquation de la représentation avec le niveau d'abstraction souhaité et de cohérence avec la réalité. La volonté d'automatiser le processus de création de cartes à partir de bases de données géographiques, a conduit à la création d'algorithmes permettant d'effectuer cette simplification objet par objet. Néanmoins, les choix des algorithmes, tout comme leur paramétrage, sont autant influencés par l'objet sur lequel ils s'appliquent que par les autres objets en relation (e.g. bâtiment à proximité d'un autre, route parallèle à un alignement de bâtiments). Ce constat a motivé l'utilisation de modèles multi-agents pour la généralisation automatisée de cartes. Le principe de ces modèles multi-agents repose sur la modélisation des objets (e.g. bâtiment, tronçon de route, îlot urbain) sous forme d'agents qui cherchent à se généraliser de façon à satisfaire leurs contraintes. Plusieurs modèles multi-agents ont été proposés, chacun ayant une approche différente des interactions entre niveaux. Ici, nous entendons par niveau, par exemple, la distinction entre les agents individuels comme un bâtiment, des agents représentant un groupe d’autres agents, comme un îlot urbain composé des routes l’entourant et des bâtiments inclus dans l’îlot.Nous étudions l'unification de ces modèles en nous appuyant sur le paradigme multi-niveaux PADAWAN, afin de faciliter les interactions entre agents de niveaux différents. Nous proposons ainsi le modèle DIOGEN, adaptant les principes d’interaction entre agents de niveaux différents à la généralisation cartographique guidée par des contraintes, ce qui a permis d’unifier les précédents modèles AGENT, CartACom et GAEL, tout en disposant de nouvelles capacités prometteuses.Nous avons évalué notre proposition sur un ensemble de cas d’étude. Parmi ces cas, nous nous sommes penchés sur la généralisation de carte de randonnée, où les itinéraires sont symbolisés individuellement avec des symboles différents, à la manière des plans de bus. La présence de plusieurs symboles d’itinéraires sur une même route support amène des problèmes de généralisation particuliers, comme le choix du positionnement des itinéraires de part et d’autre de la route, ou les implications pour les autres objets de la carte (e.g. points d’intérêts, bâtiments) se retrouvant sous le symbole de l’itinéraire, problèmes que nous essayons de résoudre en nous appuyant sur notre proposition de représentation formelle multi-niveaux.Ce travail nous a ensuite conduit à identifier des comportements multi-niveaux récurrents. Nous les avons exprimés de façon générique sous forme de patterns d’analyse, affranchies des spécificités de la généralisation cartographique, et de la résolution de problèmes contraintsMaps show geographic information of a given area in a simplified way, particularly when the scale is small. The simplification process, called cartographic generalisation, is submitted to several constraints : legibility, adequation to the abstraction level, and consistency with reality. The will to automate the maps creation process from geographical databases led to the creation of algorithms allowing the simplification object by object. However the choice of the algorithms, as their settings, are influenced by the object on which it is applied, and by the other objects in relation with this object (e.g. a building close to another one, a road parallel to a buildings alignment). This motivates the use of multi-agents models for automated map generalisation. Several multi-agent models were proposed, each of them having a different approach to manage multi-levels relations. Here, what we call a level is, for instance, the distinction between individual agents, like a building, and agents representing a group of other agents, like a urban block composed by the surrounding roads and buildings inside.We study the unification of existing models, using the multi-level paradigm PADAWAN, in order to simplify interactions between agents in different levels. We propose the DIOGEN model, in which the principle of interactions between agents of different levels is adapted to cartographic generalisation guided by constraints, those allowing to unify the existing models AGENT, CartACom and GAEL, and giving promising features.We evaluate our proposal on different case studies. Among them, we study the generalisation of trekking maps, where the routes are symbolized individually by a different couloured line symbols, like on bus maps. The presence of several route symbols on a same road leads to specific generalisation issues, like the choice of the side of each route symbol position, or the implications for the other objects on the map (e.g. points of interest, buildings) under the route symbol – issues tackled using our proposal of formal multi-levels representation.This work leads us to the identification of recurrent behaviours. We express them as analysis patterns, in a way that is independent from cartographic generalisation and constraint solving problems
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Šafránková, Tereza. "Znakové systémy na evropských kartografických dílech s topografickým obsahem." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-226588.
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This diploma thesis deals with the exploration and comparison of symbol keys used for official maps of European countries. The theoretical part deals mainly with legends and cartographic symbols as a key element of the thesis. Then an assessment of available symbol systems and comparison of map symbols used in symbol systems for the official map of the Czech Republic is made. In the conclusion there is drawn proposal for symbol system applicable to maps of all European countries.
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Karam, Roula. "Multi-providers location based services for mobile-tourism : a use case for location and cartographic integrations on mobile devices." Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00694476.
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Les services géolocalisés (LBS) sont destinés à délivrer de l'information adéquate aux utilisateurs quelque soit le temps et l'endroit et ceci en se basant sur leur profil, contexte et position géographique. A travers n'importe quelle application dans ce domaine, par exemple m-tourisme, les utilisateurs souhaitent toujours recevoir une réponse rapide et précise en se déplaçant. Cependant, la qualité de service proposée par les fournisseurs cartographiques actuels (i.e. Google Maps, Bing, Yahoo Maps, Mappy ou Via Michelin) dépend de leurs données géographiques. En général, ces données sont stockées de plusieurs bases de données géographiques (BDG) dans le monde entier. D'autre part, le nombre croissant des différentes BDG couvrant la même zone géographique et la récupération des données/métadonnées non erronées pour un service quelconque, impliquent de nombreux raisonnements et de contrôles d'accès aux BDG afin de résoudre les ambiguïtés dues à la présence des objets homologues dupliqués sur l'écran mobile. Mon travail consiste à permettre cette intégration cartographique pour les applications mtourisme et ceci en récupérant les informations spatiales/non-spatiales (noms, positions géographiques, catégorie du service, détails sémantiques et symboles cartographiques) de plusieurs fournisseurs. Cependant, ceci peut conduire à visualiser des objets dupliqués pour le même point d'intérêt et causer des difficultés au niveau de la gestion des données. En outre, l'utilisateur sera dérouté par la présence de résultats multiples pour un même point. Donc, mon but ultime sera de générer automatiquement une carte unique intégrant plusieurs interfaces des fournisseurs sur laquelle les objets homologues seront intégrés avant de les visualiser sur l'écran mobile. Nos nouveaux concepts, basés sur certains algorithmes de fusion, sur l'ontologie pour assurer l'intégration au niveau sémantique et cartographique, sur l'orchestration des géo web services, sont implémentés dans des prototypes modulaires et évalués.
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Marques, Ana Paula da Silva. "Generalização cartográfica para um Sistema de Navegação e Guia de Rota em Automóvel áudio-dinâmico com múltiplas escalas /." Presidente Prudente : [s.n.], 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/86769.
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Resumo: O objetivo desta pesquisa consiste na elaboração de mapas áudio-dinâmicos em múltiplas escalas automáticas, para um Sistema de Navegação e Guia de Rota em Automóvel (SINGRA). O projeto das representações cartográficas foi dividido em duas fases: projeto de composição geral e projeto áudio-gráfico. Os mapas visuais dinâmicos foram elaborados com base nos princípios da comunicação cartográfica e da percepção visual, com ênfase nas operações de generalização. A área de estudo apresenta uma malha urbana com diferentes tipos de vias, cruzamentos e limites de velocidade. Os mapas foram projetados para serem exibidos em um monitor de pequeno formato (sete polegadas), com alta resolução, e um total de quatro escalas de representação foi determinado: 1/10.000, 1/5.000, 1/2.500 e 1/1.000. Tais escalas foram definidas em função do tamanho da mídia de apresentação e do tipo de tarefa tática. Os mapas generalizados foram obtidos pela aplicação das operações de simplificação, exagero e deslocamento, sobre uma base cartográfica na escala 1/1.000. As representações áudio-dinâmicas foram produzidas a partir de variáveis áudio-dinâmicas. As mensagens de voz foram pré-gravadas na voz feminina, executadas em sincronia com as informações visuais. O projeto foi implementado em um SINGRA disponível na FCT-UNESP, a partir do compilador Visual Basic e da biblioteca MapObjects. Ao comparar o sistema de múltiplas escalas com o de escala única, observa-se que os novos mapas adaptados ao contexto de direção do motorista, podem permitir que o usuário receba a informação de acordo com a tarefa de navegação desenvolvida ao longo da rota ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)Abstract: The aim of this research is to design and implement an automatics multi-scale and audio-dynamic map for an In-Car Route Guidance and Navigation System (RGNS). The design was organized in two stages: general composition and auditory-graphic design. The visual-dynamic maps were designed based on cartographic communication principles and visual perception, especially on the generalization operators. The area of study presents an urban network with different types of roads, nodes, and speed limits. The maps were designed for a small-screen display, and a total of four different scales were employed: 1:10.000, 1:5.000, 1:2.500 and 1:1.000. These scales were chosen according to the media size and type of tactical task. The maps were derived from an accurate cartographic database at scale of 1:1000, by applying generalization techniques, such as simplification, displacement, and enhancement. The audio-dynamic representations were produced by taking account a set of audio-dynamic variables. The voice messages were recorded in a female voice, and they were presented with visual information, simultaneously. The design was implemented in a navigation system, which is available in the Faculty of Sciences and Technology, by using Visual Basic compiler and MapObjects library. The results of comparison between the automatic multiple-scale and single scale system show that the new system, enhanced driver's context, can allow the user receiving information according to the tasks performed along of the route. From the employment of generalization technique it was possible to present in a properly way the amount of information in the display, in which it can contribute for reducing navigational errors and visual demand, when compared with single-scale map ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Books on the topic "Cartographic system"
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Morris, Barbara. CARTO-NET: A cartographic information retrieval system. [London]: British Library Research and Development Dept., 1987.
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Perkins, C. R. Operationalizing a sheet based cartographic information retrieval system. [London: British Library], 1993.
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Zobrist, Al. RAND's cartographic analysis and geographic information system (RAND-CAGIS): A guide to system use. Santa Monica, CA: Rand Corp., 1991.
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Zobrist, A. L. RAND's Cartographic Analysis and Geographic Information System (RAND-CAGIS): A guide to system use. Santa Monica, CA (1700 Main St., Santa Monica 90407-2138): RAND, 1991.
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Jaffrey, Andrew. The digital representation of cartographic data in the form of a G.I.S. refuse collection management system. [s.l: The Author], 1999.
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Mackaness, W. A. The design of a cartographic expert system: Final report for the Natural Environment Research Council (Contract number: F3/G6/304). [Kingston upon Thames]: [Kingston Polytechnic, Geo-Information Systems Research Group], 1985.
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Grafarend, Erik W. Map projections: Cartographic information systems. Berlin: Springer, 2006.
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Geographic information systems and cartographic modeling. Englewood Cliffs, N.J: Prentice Hall, 1990.
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Christian M I M. Matthiessen. Lexicogrammatical cartography: English systems. Tokyo: International Language Sciences Publishers, 1995.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Cartographic system"
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Shekhar, Shashi, and Hui Xiong. "Cartographic Information System." In Encyclopedia of GIS, 70. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-35973-1_117.
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Evenden, Gerald I. "The MAPGEN Cartographic System." In Proceedings International Symposium on Marine Positioning, 285–94. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3885-4_27.
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Bannon, Robert T. "Developing A Cartographic Geo-Code System (CAGES)." In Advances in CAD/CAM Workstations, 45–57. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2273-3_5.
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Bannon, Robert T. "Developing a Cartographic Geo-Code System (CAGES)." In Computer Graphics, 107–21. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-68030-7_7.
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Lisowski, Karol, and Andrzej Czyżewski. "Cartographic Representation of Route Reconstruction Results in Video Surveillance System." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 35–44. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-32335-5_4.
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Schobesberger, David. "User-Centred Design of a Web-Based Cartographic Information System for Cultural History." In Lecture Notes in Geoinformation and Cartography, 159–70. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-15537-6_10.
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Escowitz, Edward C. "Continental Margin Mapping Project and Cartographic Management Information System for the U.S. Exclusive Economic Zone." In Proceedings International Symposium on Marine Positioning, 295. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3885-4_28.
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Barrault, Mathieu. "An automated system for name placement which complies with cartographic quality criteria: The hydrographic network." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 499–500. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-63623-4_71.
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Alves, Marcelo de Carvalho, and Luciana Sanches. "Cartographic Coordinate Projection Systems." In Surveying with Geomatics and R, 319–48. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003184263-13.
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Kelly, Tom. "CityEngine: An Introduction to Rule-Based Modeling." In Urban Informatics, 637–62. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8983-6_35.
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AbstractCityEngine is a rule-based urban modeling software package. It offers a flexible pipeline to transform 2D data into 3D urban models. Typical applications include processing 2D urban cartographic geographic information system (GIS) data to create a detailed 3D city model, creating a detailed visualization of a proposed development, or exploring the design space of a potential project. The rule-based core of Esri’s CityEngine has some unique advantages: Huge cities can be created as easily as small ones, while the quality of the models is consistent throughout. Additionally, this rule-based approach means that large design spaces can be explored quickly, interactively, and analytically compared. Such advantages must be carefully balanced against the increased time to create and parameterize the rules and the sometimes stylistic or approximate models created; coming from more traditional workflows, CityEngine’s pipeline can be initially overwhelming. We introduce the principal workflows and the flexibility they afford, sketch the procedural programming language used, and discuss the export pathways available.
Conference papers on the topic "Cartographic system"
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Belyakov, Stanislav, Marina Belyakova, and Andrey Glushkov. "Intellectual Cartographic Visualization Procedure for Geoinformation System." In 2018 3rd Russian-Pacific Conference on Computer Technology and Applications (RPC). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/rpc.2018.8482160.
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Voruganti, Arun, Rafael Mayoral, Stephan Jacobs, Ronny Grunert, Hendrik Moeckel, and Werner Korb. "Surgical Cartographic Navigation System for Endoscopic Bypass Grafting." In 2007 29th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iembs.2007.4352577.
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Biao Zhang, Hua Ran, and Jiye Yu. "Visualizaiton of water system based on the cartographic presentation." In 2012 International Symposium on Geomatics for Integrated Water Resources Management (GIWRM). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/giwrm.2012.6349625.
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Zhang, Zhijun, Junwu Qiu, and Jiong Li. "Emergency cartographic system based on national fundamental geographic data." In 2013 21st International Conference on Geoinformatics. IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/geoinformatics.2013.6626067.
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Ma Huijun and Xie Chao. "A system framework of adaptive user interface development for cartographic visualization system." In 2010 2nd Conference on Environmental Science and Information Application Technology (ESIAT). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/esiat.2010.5568572.
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Furnari, Mario M., and Carmine Noviello. "The integration of cartographic information into a content management system." In Electronic Imaging 2006, edited by Simone Santini, Raimondo Schettini, and Theo Gevers. SPIE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.642661.
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Nocco, Sebastiana. "Il sistema difensivo costiero della Sardegna meridionale nella cartografia dei secoli XVI-XVII." In FORTMED2020 - Defensive Architecture of the Mediterranean. Valencia: Universitat Politàcnica de València, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/fortmed2020.2020.11379.
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The coastal defensive system of Southern Sardinia in the cartography of the sixteenth-seventeenth centuriesStarting from the sixteenth century, the coastal landscape of Sardinia suffered deep transformations related to the construction of defensive structures to protect the inhabitants of the towns and land resources. Coastal towers and fortresses are the most evident signs of these interventions. This paper aims to reconstruct these processes through archival and cartographic documents produced between the second half of the sixteenth century and the first decades of the seventeenth century. Particularly interesting is the comparison between the maps depicting the coastal area between Cagliari and Quartu and its hinterland drawn in 1577 by Rocco Capellino and those drawn underneath the viceroy Vivas in 1623-1625. Cartographic and archive documents can reveal interesting data to reconstruct the changes that occurred in this period, as a result of the interventions aimed at the defense of the coast and the towns with the construction of the first watchtowers and the progressive modernization of the outer walls of the fortress of Cagliari and its ramparts’ raising.
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Rodzinska, O., I. Perovych, L. Perovych, and O. Ludchak. "GIS technologies for integrating cartographic materials into a single coordinate system." In 18th International Conference on Geoinformatics - Theoretical and Applied Aspects. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201902042.
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Ling, Yun, and Yufen Chen. "Enhance the usability of cartographic visualization system by user-centered interface design." In 2011 4th International Congress on Image and Signal Processing (CISP 2011). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cisp.2011.6100572.
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V. Brekhov, G., V. V. Snezhko, and N. I. Berezyuk. "A model of national geological cartographic information system. Technological approaches and solutions." In 9th EAGE International Conference on Geoinformatics - Theoretical and Applied Aspects. Netherlands: EAGE Publications BV, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201402859.
Full textReports on the topic "Cartographic system"
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Demeuov, Аrman, Zhanna Tilekova, Yerkin Tokpanov, Olena Hanchuk, Natalia Panteleeva, and Iryna Varfolomyeyeva. Use of GIS technology in geographical education. EDP Sciences, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/4619.
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At the present stage, digital information technologies create a new education system focused on the global educational space. In general education schools, in connection with the adoption of the updated program, the section Geoinformatics and cartography provides for the use of developing a map-scheme, modeling and conducting small studies on the topic under study. As a result, digital technology has a place in geographical education. This is due to significant changes in the pedagogical and methodological approach in teaching geography and other disciplines. As a result, the education system has changed, the content of education has been updated, a new approach has appeared, a new attitude to geoinformation technologies in schools. The article discusses the importance of computer technologies in the education system, including the effectiveness and necessity of using geoinformation technologies. The article substantiates the relevance of the use of geoinformation technologies in the teaching of geography.
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Бондаренко, Ольга Володимирівна, Світлана Вікторівна Мантуленко, and Андрій Валерійович Пікільняк. Google Classroom as a Tool of Support of Blended Learning for Geography Students. CEUR-WS.org, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/2655.
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Abstract. The article reveals the experience of organizing blended learning for geography students using Google Classroom, and discloses its potential uses in the study of geography. For the last three years, the authors have tested such in-class and distance courses as “Cartography and Basics of Topography”, “Population Geography”, “Information Systems and Technologies in Tourism Industry”, “Regional Economic and Social World Geography (Europe and the CIS)”, “Regional Economic and Social World Geography (Africa, Latin America, Asia, Anglo-America, Australia and Oceania)”, “Socio-Economic Cartography”. The advantages of using the specified interactive tool during the study of geographical disciplines are highlighted out in the article. As it has been established, the organization of the learning process using Google Classroom ensures the unity of in-class and out-of-class learning; it is designed to realize effective interaction of the subjects learning in real time; to monitor the quality of training and control the students’ learning achievements in class as well as out of it, etc. The article outlines the disadvantages that should be taken into account when organizing blended learning using Google Classroom, including the occasional predominance of students’ external motivation in education and their low level of readiness for work in the classroom; insufficient level of material and technical support in some classrooms; need for out-of-class pedagogical support; lack of guidance on the content aspect of Google Classroom pages, etc. Through the test series conducted during 2016-2017, an increase in the number of geography students with a sufficient level of academic achievements and a decrease of those with a low level of it was revealed.