Contents
Academic literature on the topic 'Cartographie de l'ensemble de l'activité cérébrale'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Cartographie de l'ensemble de l'activité cérébrale.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Cartographie de l'ensemble de l'activité cérébrale"
Cabrera, Sébastien. "Implementation of a semi-automatic quantification approach for spatial and temporal study of brain activity. Application to study of neuronal networks involved in various cognitive functions (sleep, olfaction)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon 1, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024LYO10366.
Full textBehaviors are encoded by widespread neural circuits within the brain which change with age and experience. Immunodetection of the immediate early gene c-Fos has been used for decades to reveal neural circuits activated during specific tasks or conditions. While successful, c-Fos method presents two limitations: 1) c-Fos expression is restricted in time, and cannot be used to follow up the same neurons activation over time or in response to different stimuli. 2) Quantifications are time consuming and often performed for a single brain region which restricts spatial information. A first objective of my thesis consisted in addressing challenges associated with whole brain probing of neuronal activity involved in higher sensory information processing. To this end, I developed and benchmarked a workflow that circumvents temporal and spatial limitations associated with c-Fos quantification. I combined c-Fos with c-Fos driven Cre-dependent tdTomato expression (i.e. TRAP2 mice), to perform a direct comparison of neural circuits activated at different times or during different tasks. Using open-source softwares (i.e. QuPath and ABBA), I established a workflow that optimize and automate cell detection, cell classification (e.g. c-Fos vs. c-Fos/tdTomato) and whole brain registration. This automatic workflow, based on fully automatic scripts, allows accurate quantification with minimal interindividual variability. Further, interrogation of brain atlases at different scales (from simplified to detailed) was performed, allowing a gradual zoom on defined brain regions to explore the spatial distribution of activated cells. I finally illustrated the potential of this approach by comparing patterns of neuronal activation in various contexts, i.e. wakefulness, paradoxical sleep and social interaction tasks, in distinct animal groups as well as within the same animals. Finally, BrainRender was used for intuitive representation of obtained results. Altogether, this automated workflow accessible to all labs with some experience in histology, allows an unbiased, fast and accurate analysis of the whole brain activity pattern at the cellular level, in various contexts. As an extension of this work, the second objective of my PhD focused on investigating the interdependence of specific behaviours. To this end, I studied effects of paradoxical sleep deprivation on olfactory perceptual learning. This learning task is defined as an enhanced ability to discriminate between two perceptually similar odorants following passive exposure to these 2 odorants for 10 days, a process partially reliant on adult neurogenesis. I used c-Fos immunohistochemistry in combination with tdTomato expression (TRAP2 mice), to visualize neuronal activity before and after perceptual learning. I have implemented a chronic automated paradoxical sleep deprivation for 4 hours per days following the olfactory perceptual learning protocol. Our behavioural data revealed that paradoxical sleep deprivation altered the improvement of odour discrimination. This work lays a solid foundation for future studies, which will extend the automated workflow I developed to evaluate neuronal activity within the olfactory bulb, as well as in higher olfactory centres in the brain. Additionally, the role of adult-born neurons and the potential impact of paradoxical sleep deprivation on their activity patterns will be explored further. In conclusion, the work presented in my thesis provides significant advancements in addressing the limitations of traditional c-Fos quantification methods by developing an automated, whole-brain workflow to visualize and compare neural circuits activated under different conditions. Furthermore, the exploration of the impact of paradoxical sleep deprivation on perceptual learning highlights the intricate relationship between sleep and sensory processing, laying the groundwork for future investigations into the neural mechanisms underlying these processes
Medina, Bañuelos Verónica. "Représentation tridimensionnelle de l'activité électrique cérébrale." Compiègne, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991COMPD432.
Full textSoufflet, Laurent. "Représentation tridimensionnelle de l'activité électrique cérébrale : localisation des sources génératrices de l'EEG." Mulhouse, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991MULH0184.
Full textDoucet, Gaëlle. "Etude de l'état de repos conscient en imagerie fonctionnelle : de la cognition spontanée à l'activité cérébrale." Caen, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010CAEN3115.
Full textBrain activity at rest has been the subject of numerous investigations in functional imaging for few years. A major hypothesis was put forward about the relationship between this activity and spontaneous thoughts mainly reported during this state. In order to test it, this work was realized in three parts. The first one consisted of exploring mental activities of 180 healthy participants, using an introspective questionnaire designed for that purpose, during a condition of a conscious resting state realized in functional magnetic resonance imaging. Results highlighted various mental activities among participants where specific profiles of spontaneous thoughts were revealed. In the second part, we revealed a hierarchical functional organization of the brain through 2 systems, 5 modules and 23 resting state networks. Study of functional connectivity showed a global bipartition of the brain, including, nevertheless, specific interactions at each other level. Finally, in the third part, based on the two previous ones, we analyzed effects of spontaneous mental activities on functional connectivity values between modules and between networks on a group of 340 participants, respectively. Our study reveals a direct relationship between spontaneous mental processes and brain activity at rest. Thus, we showed that modulations of functional interactions between the different brain networks would reflect content of spontaneous thoughts during this state
Labyt, Étienne. "Cartographie fonctionnelle de l'activité cérébrale liée au mouvement volontaire normal et pathologique : étude de la variation de synchronisation des rythmes." Lille 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003LIL2S020.
Full textThe physiology of voluntary movement can be studied using analysis of electroencephalographic (EEG) rhythms reactivity related to differents movement steps. This analysis uses quantification of event-related desynchronization and synchronization (ERD/ERS) which consist of measuring time-course of power changes of central mu and beta EEG rhythms. This method has been used as functional mapping technics in order to investigate relations and cooperations between activated cortical areas during various types of movement. In young healthy subject, compared to distal and proximal movement, preparatory process of proximo-distal, visuo-guided targeting movement showed an earlier activation of contralateral central area and an involvement of posterior parietal regions. Following this movement, beta ERS was greater and more widespread. Effect of aging study allowed to show a more widespread pattern of cerebral activity, involving systematically ipsilateral central and posterior parietal regions and an attenuation of the post-movement beta ERS. This result was also found for a movement resulting from muscle contraction inhibition. In the parkinsonian patient, effects observed in elderly healthy subjects were increased with a delayed and bilateral cortical activation and a lack of ERD over parietal region. Beta ERS is much attenuated after contraction tasks and absent after muscle relaxation. All these results suggests that the spreaded recruitment of sensorimotor regions to associative parietal cortex in an healthy cortex is tightly related to somesthetic information integration required in motor programmation and performance. Changes observed in elderly healthy subject traduce a reduction of this sensorimotor integration. In the parkinsonian patient, our results suggest alteration of this sensorial integrative function and a disturbance of motor inhibitory mechanisms which contribute to explain akineto-rigid disorders. In order to improve spatial resolution of this type of functional mapping, headmodelization from MRI, deblurring and fitting EEG-MRI have been used and a new tool named “cortical ERD/ERS” now allows to make non invasively functional maps directly at the cortical surface with high temporo-spatial resolution
Bedez, Mathieu. "Modélisation multi-échelles et calculs parallèles appliqués à la simulation de l'activité neuronale." Thesis, Mulhouse, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MULH9738/document.
Full textComputational Neuroscience helped develop mathematical and computational tools for the creation, then simulation models representing the behavior of certain components of our brain at the cellular level. These are helpful in understanding the physical and biochemical interactions between different neurons, instead of a faithful reproduction of various cognitive functions such as in the work on artificial intelligence. The construction of models describing the brain as a whole, using a homogenization microscopic data is newer, because it is necessary to take into account the geometric complexity of the various structures comprising the brain. There is therefore a long process of rebuilding to be done to achieve the simulations. From a mathematical point of view, the various models are described using ordinary differential equations, and partial differential equations. The major problem of these simulations is that the resolution time can become very important when important details on the solutions are required on time scales but also spatial. The purpose of this study is to investigate the various models describing the electrical activity of the brain, using innovative techniques of parallelization of computations, thereby saving time while obtaining highly accurate results. Four major themes will address this issue: description of the models, explaining parallelization tools, applications on both macroscopic models