Journal articles: 'Cartoon ants'

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Tahir Mahmood, Urwah Iftikhar, and Muhammad Ahsan Bhatti. "Impact of Violent Cartoons on the Behaviour of Children: A Case Study of South Punjab." Journal of Business and Social Review in Emerging Economies 6, no. 2 (June 30, 2020): 689–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.26710/jbsee.v6i2.1212.

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Basically, this is a survey research that investigates the impact of violent cartoons on the behaviour of children. Children often draw strong social or anti-social ideas from children’s movies and cartoons. Television is the most popular medium in which the children are exposed. The media is constantly creating new cartoons with increased violence and children do not realize how harmful this is to them. The study investigates that how children are being exposed to anti-social content and what impact is done on their behavior. Cartoons have much value in personality construction of children especially in very early age. Children try to become like their favorite cartoon character. They try to mimic and copy the actions performed by their favorite cartoon hero. The environment in which the children watch horror or violent cartoons is also very important. They may develop fears or anti-social behavior in the absence of parental guidance.

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Tromble, Rebekah. "A discussion of Paul M. Sniderman, Michael Bang Petersen, Rune Slothuus, and Rune Stubager's Paradoxes of Liberal Democracy: Islam, Western Europe, and the Danish Cartoon Crisis." Perspectives on Politics 13, no. 2 (June 2015): 466–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1537592715000328.

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The 2005 Danish cartoon crisis has been the topic of much discussion among political science scholars. In September 2011 we ran a symposium on Jytte Klausen’s The Cartoons That Shook the World that centered on the tensions between multiculturalism, civility, and freedom of expression disclosed by the controversy. Paul M. Sniderman, Michael Bang Petersen, Rune Slothuus, and Rune Stubager’s Paradoxes of Liberal Democracy: Islam, Western Europe, and the Danish Cartoon Crisis (Princeton 2014) revisits the Danish crisis. Drawing on randomized experiments linked to broader survey research, the authors offer a nuanced account of Danish public opinion, and argue that the sensitivity of Danes to civil liberties concerns explains why the cartoon controversy did not result in an anti-Muslim backlash. The topic, the argument, and the methodology are important, and so we have invited a range of political science scholars to review the book. — Jeffrey C. Isaac

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Edwards, Louise. "Drawing Sexual Violence in Wartime China: Anti-Japanese Propaganda Cartoons." Journal of Asian Studies 72, no. 3 (June 20, 2013): 563–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021911813000521.

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During the War of Resistance against Japan (1937–45), China's leading cartoon artists formed patriotic associations aimed at repelling the Japanese military. Their stated propaganda goals were to boost morale among the troops and the civilian population by circulating artwork that would ignite the spirit of resistance among Chinese audiences. In keeping with the genre, racialized and sexualized imagery abounded. The artists created myriad disturbing visions of how militarized violence impacted men's and women's bodies differently. By analyzing the two major professional journals, National Salvation Cartoons and War of Resistance Cartoons, this article shows that depictions of sexual violence inflicted on Chinese women were integral to the artists' attempts to arouse the spirit of resistance. By comparing their depictions of different types of bodies (Chinese and Japanese, male and female, soldiers' and civilians') the article argues that the cartoonists believed that the depiction of sexually mutilated Chinese women would build resistance and spur patriotism while equivalent depictions of mutilated male soldiers would sap morale and hamper the war effort. The article concludes with a discussion about the dubious efficacy of propaganda that invokes a hypersexualized, masculine enemy other.

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Konstantynow, Dariusz. "Gdynia i Żydzi w antysemickich rysunkach z prasy II Rzeczypospolitej." Porta Aurea, no. 19 (December 22, 2020): 174–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.26881/porta.2020.19.09.

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The issue of the defence of Polish interests on the Baltic against the threat that could be seen in the sudden inflow of Jewish business people and merchants to the coast, seeking new space and new opportunities for their activities, emerged in the anti-Semitic discourse of the Second Polish Republic already in the year in which the independent Polish state was born. However, it was only in the 1930s that the question of the ‘Jewish invasion’ of the ‘Polish coast’ in the anti -Semitic campaigning by means of a word and a cartoon (often the combination of both) was fully displayed. Then Gdynia also became the leading motif. In the paper analysis of selected press cartoons, most frequently published in such nationalistic magazines as ‘Samoobrona Narodu’, ‘Pod Pręgierz’, ‘Orędownik’, or ‘Kurier Poznański’ has been presented; their task was to convince the public that it was necessary to ‘de -Jewishize’ Gdynia and bestow a ‘Polish national character’ on it. The cartoons have to be treated as a very effective tool of nationalistic campaigning in press, since they referred to the perception of Gdynia shared by all the Polish people as one of the most important elements within the symbolic universe of the Second Polish Republic.

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Vann, Michael G. "Caricaturing 'The Colonial Good Life' in French Indochina." European Comic Art 2, no. 1 (January 1, 2009): 83–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/eca.2.1.6.

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André Joyeux's La Vie large des colonies ['The Colonial Good Life'] is an insider's portrait of the French colonial encounter in Southeast Asia. Published in Paris in 1912 but most likely penned in Saigon, the collection of cartoons explores the racial order of the colony. Although the artist critiques many aspects of the colony and highlights certain gross injustices, such as the coloniser's sexual predation and physical violence, he also articulates many of the bluntly racist French stereotypes of the Vietnamese, Chinese and other Asians in the colony. Joyeux, as an artist and as an art teacher, contributed to the development of cartoon and caricature as a medium in Vietnam, which would eventually be used in the anti-colonial, nationalist and communist movements. La Vie large des colonies is of importance as a primary source in the study of empire.

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Doerr, Nicole. "Bridging language barriers, bonding against immigrants: A visual case study of transnational network publics created by far-right activists in Europe." Discourse & Society 28, no. 1 (January 2017): 3–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0957926516676689.

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With the growing importance of digital and social media, visual images represent an increasingly attractive medium for far-right political entrepreneurs to mobilize supporters and mainstream voters in the context of increasing polarization and widespread fears of immigrants and refugees. This article investigates how far-right activists use cartoon images poking fun at immigrants to construct a shared ethno-nationalist bond of solidarity across multilingual and transnational networks and publics. Focusing on right-wing activists as political entrepreneurs, I will explore the visual and discursive translation of nationalist symbols and cartoons within different national political contexts and across linguistic and cultural boundaries. Combining the discourse historical approach (DHA) with multimodal analysis, I will trace the cross-cultural translation and sharing of an anti-immigrant poster created by the Swiss People’s Party (SVP), a right-wing political party in Switzerland, in its controversial ‘black sheep’ campaign. Second, I will show how far-right sympathizers in Italy and Germany, inspired by the SVP, created their own ‘black sheep’ cartoons in which they imagine a racist bond of transnational solidarity through the use of images depicting immigrants as Europe’s other. This article contributes to the study of transnational network publics by showing the relevance of non-verbal and visual translation strategies used by radical right-wing political entrepreneurs to forge stronger alliances cross-nationally and cross-linguistically.

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Sawan, Nasser, and Renata Parpolov Costa. "Political Cartoon, Revolution and Censorship in Syria." Revista de Cultura e Extensão USP 19 (May 17, 2018): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.2316-9060.v19i0p107-118.

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O objetivo principal deste trabalho é discutir as relações e comunicações simbólicas entre artistas e sociedade na Síria antes e depois do início da guerra, em 2011. Perpassaremos a questão do papel do artista no questionamento do status quo durante a ditadura que se iniciou em 1970 com Hāfid Alasad e continuada durante os anos 2000 por seu filho Baššār Alasad. Durante este tempo, mesmo com a ameaça de um violento governo militar autoritário, floresceram muitas formas de expressão artística crítica ao regime, em diversos campos das artes; entre elas, a arte da charge política e dos quadrinhos foi um importante meio de expressão para tornar público o pensamento crítico censurado. Investigaremos a importância dos quadrinhos políticos de Alī Firzāt para a sociedade síria que vive sob a censura, e que deve atuar de maneira a parecer concordar com o regime.

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Barker, Jason. "Quentin Tarantino’s Cartoon Violence." Animation 16, no. 1-2 (July 2021): 51–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/17468477211025662.

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In this article, the author returns to the study of Quentin Tarantino’s ‘cartoonism’ that appeared in animation 2(2) in 2007. The focus here, as in Chris Pallant’s original essay, is on how filmic live action in Tarantino’s work displays the diegetic conventions of the cartoon, namely, its (1) hyperbolic, (2) graphic novel and (3) comic strip violence. The article adopts Pallant’s interpretive framework in analysing Tarantino’s Once Upon a Time. . . in Hollywood (2019), only this time supplements the analysis with a consideration of the film’s dramatic content. Drawing on Aristotle’s Poetics the author explores whether cartoon violence in Tarantino’s film is inversely related to drama and, more generally, speculates as to whether the cartoon form is inherently non- or anti-dramatic through the ‘private’ and commercial manner of its consumption.

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Long, Mark, Rick L. Bunch, and Robert Earl Lloyd. "Measuring Anti-Americanism in Editorial Cartoons." Social Science Quarterly 90, no. 3 (September 2009): 652–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6237.2009.00636.x.

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Raval, Yash S., Roland Stone, Benjamin Fellows, Bin Qi, Guohui Huang, O. Thompson Mefford, and Tzuen-Rong J. Tzeng. "Synthesis and application of glycoconjugate-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles as potent anti-adhesion agents for reducing enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli infections." Nanoscale 7, no. 18 (2015): 8326–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5nr00511f.

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Nemani, S., and G. Joshi. "Anti-magic Labeling of Cartoon Flowers and Consecutive Wounded Flowers." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1913, no. 1 (May 1, 2021): 012117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1913/1/012117.

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Welch Behringer, Paul J. "Images of Empire: Depictions of America in Late Imperial Russian Editorial Cartoons." Russian History 45, no. 4 (November 27, 2018): 279–318. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18763316-04504001.

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Although historians have paid much attention to American perceptions of Russia, few have looked at Russian views of the United States, particularly in the imperial period. This paper surveys editorial cartoons in Novoe Vremia, one of the few Russian newspapers to publish illustrations as commentary on international affairs. Novoe Vremia published cartoons depicting the United States in the years between 1898 and 1912 in the late imperial period, that is, beginning with the War of 1898 and ending with the abrogation of the u.s.-Russia commercial treaty. This paper finds evidence for the argument that Russian views of American empire and race relations persisted into the Soviet period. However, the Russian Revolution swept away the strong anti-Semitic overtones in many portrayals of the United States, at least in editorial cartoons.

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Surani, Salim, Raghu Reddy, Amy E. Houlihan, Brenda Parrish, Gina L. Evans-Hudnall, and Kalpalatha Guntupalli. "Ill Effects of Smoking: Baseline Knowledge among School Children and Implementation of the “AntE Tobacco” Project." International Journal of Pediatrics 2011 (2011): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/584589.

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Introduction. Cigarette smoking contributes to the deaths of more than 400,000 Americans annually. Each day >3,000 children and adolescents become regular smokers. This paper details a new antitobacco educational program titled “AntE Tobacco”Method. Children in grades 1–3 were administered a 10-item questionnaire to ascertain their baseline knowledge about the ill effects of smoking, shown an educational cartoon video depicting the ill effects of tobacco, and given a story book based on the video. At the end of video, children were administered a questionnaire to determine short-term recall of the antitobacco educational objectives of the program. Four to 6 weeks later, the children were then administered a follow-up survey to determine long-term retention of the anti tobacco educational program.Result. Eighty two percent of the children answered the outcome questions correctly immediately following the video. At follow-up, 4–6 weeks later, 83% of children answered all questions correctly.Conclusion. The anti tobacco education program used in this study effectively conveyed most of the educational objectives. The results of this study indicate that a multimedia (i.e., video and book) educational program can be used to educate and reinforce anti tobacco messages. This program may be very useful as a part of a comprehensive anti tobacco curriculum in school systems.

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Bugallo, Lucía, Ana Pedrazzini, Constanza Zinkgräf, and Nora Scheuer. "Temas y motivaciones de niñas, niños y adolescentes al crear humor gráfico." Revista Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales Niñez y Juventud 18, no. 2 (May 15, 2020): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.11600/1692715x.18210.

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El humor gráfico es un medio que niños, niñas y adolescentes encuentran atractivo para dar cuenta de vivencias personales y presentar su perspectiva ante un tema que los convoca. Son escasos los estudios que han abordado de forma articulada aspectos pragmáticos motivacionales y temáticos en el humor gráfico de adolescentes. Con este propósito, realizamos un análisis multidimensional de 151 textos multimodales realizados por niños, niñas y adolescentes de 10 a 19 años en nueve talleres implementados en contextos de educación formal e informal en Argentina. A partir de análisis multivariados identificamos diferencias etarias y de formato (viñeta única o tira) según la motivación y los temas de los textos.

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Paolucci, Lucas N., Ricardo R. C. Solar, and Laura C. Leal. "Proximity shapes similarity in epiphytic composition of Neotropical ant gardens." Journal of Tropical Ecology 32, no. 4 (June 16, 2016): 325–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467416000298.

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Abstract:Ant gardens (AGs) are specialized ant-plant associations where arboreal ants build their carton nests in association with epiphytes that use the carton as a substrate. Most of the epiphytes are planted by ants; therefore, seed selection by ants is a key driver of the epiphyte composition of AGs. However, deterministic post-dispersal factors, such as the surrounding environmental conditions and plant succession, may also influence epiphyte composition. Here we ask whether epiphyte composition on a local scale is associated with dispersal constraints, local environmental conditions (light availability, number of branches and nest height) or AG successional stage. We sampled all epiphyte species in 18 AGs formed by Camponotus femoratus and Crematogaster levior in Central Amazon, Brazil. AGs were located within a range of 1 km and at a maximum of 20 m from the edges of a dirt road within a primary forest. Epiphytic composition showed strong spatial structure, decreasing in similarity with increasing distance. Environmental conditions and AG successional stage were not related to AG floristic composition, suggesting a key role of stochastic processes related to seed dispersal. A combination of seed abundance and attractiveness in neighbouring AGs seems to drive the higher similarity in epiphyte composition among closer AGs.

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Krstić, Aleksandra, Giorgia Aiello, and Nebojša Vladisavljević. "Visual metaphor and authoritarianism in Serbian political cartoons." Media, War & Conflict 13, no. 1 (June 19, 2019): 27–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1750635219856549.

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This article examines how political cartoons reflected and mobilized resistance to growing authoritarianism and the personalization of power in contemporary Serbia. The focus is on the work of Dušan Petričić, the most influential political cartoonist in Serbia, which was published in daily Politika and weekly NIN between 2012 and 2017. Petričić’s cartoons offer interesting insights into a dramatic decline of press freedom and the rise of authoritarian personalist rule in terms of both their content and political impact. The authors draw on quantitative content analysis and qualitative multimodal analysis to examine the key representational and stylistic features of Petričić’s cartoons, both as a way to understand the relationship between his aesthetics and his political statements, and in order to critically assess some of the ways in which democratization conflicts may be expressed visually. Their analysis also draws on evidence from an in-depth interview with the author. In combining a systematic analysis of key visual patterns across a sample of cartoons with a comprehensive evaluation of how both visual and linguistic features work together to promote anti-authoritarian ideals and resistance, the article offers a framework to understand the political import of aesthetics in Serbia’s democratization process.

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Norris, Stephen M. "Pliuvium’s Unholy Trinity: Russian Nationhood, Anti-Semitism, and the Public Sphere after 1905." Experiment 19, no. 1 (2013): 87–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2211730x-12341243.

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Abstract This article focuses on anti-Semitic cartoons published in the right-wing, satirical, illustrated newspaper Pliuvium, which appeared in Russia after the 1905 Revolution. The illustrated journal represented one of the new, far-right media outlets in the wake of the events of 1905 and its editors sought to redefine Russia as a traditional monarchy, home to ethnic Russians. To accomplish this aim, Pliuvium employed caricaturists who drew contrasts between Russians and Jews, turning the latter into the antithesis of the nation. Through close readings of several anti-Semitic images from the newspaper, the author seeks to reveal the broader historical forces contained within them. In the end, these cartoons help us understand the “unholy trinity” comprising the ugly side of Russian nationhood, racism in Russian imperial culture, and the emergence of far-right publics by 1905.

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Koch, Luiza Foltran de Azevedo, Paula Porto Spada, Elvira Katherine Barriga Flores, Carla Castiglia Gonzaga, Rafaela Scariot Scariot, and Carmen Lucia Mueller Storrer. "A preventive practice and its educational role with an academic community of Dentistry." Revista da ABENO 19, no. 1 (July 10, 2019): 58–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.30979/rev.abeno.v19i1.838.

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O estudo objetivou verificar a adesão dos estudantes de graduação em Odontologia à campanha de vacinação contra hepatite B e tétano em uma escola particular de Odontologia. A hipótese testada foi que a campanha de vacinação seria um programa efetivo na prevenção da infecção pelo HBV e tétano. O cartão de vacinação e o exame anti-HBs foram analisados como desfecho principal. Os dados foram submetidos à regressão de Poisson bivariada e multivariada (a<0, 5). Idade, ano de admissão, turno de estudos, número de doses de vacinas para hepatite B e vacinação para tétano foram variáveis independentes. Dos 485 estudantes, 318 entregaram a cópia do cartão de vacinação e 295 apresentaram o exame anti-HBs. A mediana de idade dos estudantes foi de 21 anos (76,1% do sexo feminino, 23,9% do sexo masculino). Nos modelos de regressão de Poisson univariada e multivariada, a não vacinação contra o tétano foi considerada fator de risco. Os alunos de graduação matriculados nos anos iniciais foram mais propensos a não receberem a vacinação do que aqueles dos anos finais (p≤0,001). Do total de alunos (318) que entregaram a documentação para hepatite B, 86,1% completaram o protocolo de vacinação (3 doses), enquanto 13,9% o protocolo incompleto (1 ou 2 doses). Os estudantes mais velhos foram mais propensos a não terem tomado as vacinas em comparação com mais jovens (p≤0,001). Em relação ao anti-HBs, 73,9% apresentaram título de proteção positivo. As campanhas de vacinação para estudantes de graduação podem ser efetivas se a adesão dos indivíduos ao calendário vacinal puder ser assegurada. Estratégias para maior adesão dos estudantes, como essa campanha, devem ser pensadas e planejadas pelos cursos de Odontologia.

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Hughey, Matthew W., and Sahara Muradi. "Laughing Matters: Economies of Hyper-Irony and Manic-Satire in South Park & Family Guy." Humanity & Society 33, no. 3 (August 2009): 206–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016059760903300304.

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The so called “Arab,” “Middle Eastern,” and “South Asian” (hereinafter “AMESA”) worlds are oft-described as barbaric, untrustworthy, anti-democratic, violent, and filled with religious militants. Many claim that animated cartoons propagate this bigoted point of view, and that engagement with progressive and antiracist systems of representation are rarely combined in mainstream media formats. Using episodes from the animated series Family Guy and South Park culled from 2001 through 2007, we highlight the presence of a new cultural moment in post-9/11 culture that we call the “economy of hyper-irony and manic-satire.” Through this framework, we find that animated cartoons simultaneously reproduce and confound racist and essentialist representations of AMESA people.

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Kaźmierczak, Janusz. "The Community That Never Was: The European Defense Community and Its Image in Polish Visual Propaganda of the 1950s." Journal of Cold War Studies 11, no. 4 (October 2009): 118–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jcws.2009.11.4.118.

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Communist propaganda was sharply critical of all integration attempts made in Western Europe. In numerous political posters and cartoons published in Poland, the brunt of the criticism was borne by the European Defense Community (EDC) from October 1950, when the idea of military integration was first proposed by French Prime Minister René Pleven, until August 1954, when a vote in the French National Assembly effectively killed the project. Through a contextualized discussion of selected posters and cartoons, which are reproduced in the text, this article relates Polish visual anti-EDC propaganda to aspects of Communist ideology, Soviet geostrategic interests, and Polish domestic politics and shows how the propaganda was intended to help the Communist authorities achieve specific goals.

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Costa, Rosicacia Florencio, and Daise Lago Pereira Souto. "Tecnologias digitais e cartoons matemáticos: promovendo a interdisciplinaridade." Revista Sergipana de Matemática e Educação Matemática 5, no. 1 (April 22, 2020): 336–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.34179/revisem.v5i1.12012.

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Este artigo tem como objetivo discutir como as tecnologias digitais utilizadas na produção de cartoons matemáticos podem contribuir para a interdisciplinaridade nas aulas de Matemática no Ensino Médio. O contexto de produção de dados foi a Escola Estadual Oscar Soares, do município de Juara-MT. Participaram da pesquisa alunos do 1º, 2º e 3º anos do Ensino Médio. Metodologicamente, adotamos o paradigma qualitativo e como instrumentos para a produção dos dados, utilizamos observação participante, questionários, entrevistas e recursos audiovisuais. O trabalho foi fundamentado em autores que discutem a interdisciplinaridade na aprendizagem da Matemática. A análise dos dados indicou que as tecnologias digitais utilizadas durante o processo de produção de cartoons matemáticos digitais atuaram como mediadoras promovendo o desenvolvimento de um trabalho interdisciplinar.

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사카모토 히로코. "Chinese and Japanese Women Represented in Cartoon Magazines during the Anti-Japanese War Period." DONG BANG HAK CHI ll, no. 169 (March 2015): 1–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.17788/dbhc.2015..169.001.

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Masuchika, Glenn. "Japanese Cartoons, Virtual Child Pornography, Academic Libraries, and the Law." Reference & User Services Quarterly 54, no. 4 (June 19, 2015): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/rusq.54n4.54.

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Many academic libraries are adding comics and cartoon in print form to their collections. Japanese comics, called "manga," are a large part of this collecting. However, in some of these items, there are drawn images of people seemingly under eighteen years of age engaged in highly graphic, uncensored, sex acts. The purpose of this paper is to discuss whether collecting such materials may violate anti-obscenity laws of the United States and expose the collection developer and the library to criminal liabilities. It also suggests that these concerns can lead librarians to self-censorship in their collection development duties.

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Mendonça, Tamiris Sacho, Lúcio Garcia Caldeira, Sheldon William Silva, Joel Corsini, and Rafael de Almeida Moreira. "MARKETING INFANTIL TELEVISIVO." Interação - Revista de Ensino, Pesquisa e Extensão 19, no. 2 (March 8, 2019): 211–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.33836/interacao.v19i2.148.

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As empresas lutam no mercado competitivo e se desdobram na busca de novos consumidores, encontrando nas crianças uma alternativa e a oportunidade torná-los fieis consumidores futuro. O objetivo do presente artigo foi verificar como as marcas voltadas para o publico infantil utilizam a propaganda televisiva para influenciar as crianças e seus pais. Concluiu-se que as propagandas, estruturadas de acordo com a segmentação demográfica por idade, vem se tornando estratégia de marketing, onde os mercados não medem esforços para a conquista e sedução desse novo, e precoce, mercado consumidor. Sob o critério de segmentação demográfica com base na idade, as principais marcas/empresas que se utilizam do marketing infantil publicitário televisivo, principalmente nos canais fechados (Discovery Kids, Nickelodeon, Cartoon Network e Disney Chanel) são: Fisher Price e Cotiplás (0 a 2 anos); Play Doh e Danoninho (2 a 7 anos); PlayKids e Lego (7 a 11 anos) e; Beach Park e Estrela (12 anos).

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Gonthier, David J., Gabriella L. Pardee, and Stacy M. Philpott. "Azteca instabilis ants and the defence of a coffee shade tree: an ant–plant association without mutual rewards in Chiapas, Mexico." Journal of Tropical Ecology 26, no. 3 (March 30, 2010): 343–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467409990666.

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Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) are important predators of herbivorous insects on plants (Rosumek et al. 2009). Ant removal or absence may result in negative indirect effects on plants, as herbivore abundance and herbivory increase and plant growth and reproduction decline (Rosumek et al. 2009, Schmitz et al. 2000). Ant presence on plants often results from a mutualistic interaction. For example, strong highly coevolved ant–plant mutualisms are found on myrmecophytic plants that house ants in domatia (specialized nesting sites). Weaker mutualistic associations are found with myrmecophilic plants that only offer extra-floral nectaries (EFNs) or food bodies to attract ants, or on other plants hosting honeydew-producing hemipterans (indirect ant–plant interactions) that mediate ant abundance (Hölldobler & Wilson 1990). However, in most cases, plants and arboreal ants form more passive associations, where ants nest in the natural cavities of branches or bark, or construct carton nests on plant substrates (Hölldobler & Wilson 1990) and the only reward plants offer these ants is the use of their substrates. In these situations the indirect effect of ants on plants is merely by chance, a byproduct of ant presence (byproduct association).

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Almeida, Andrea Oliveira da Silva de, Angélica Menezes Bessa Oliveira, Ana Caroline Guedes Souza Martins, Nadia Pinheiro da Costa, Thamyres da Silva Martins, Nivea Moreira Leite Pereira, Bruno Rafael Ribeiro de Almeida, et al. "O conhecimento dos Agentes Comunitários de Saúde sobre o calendário vacinal infantil." Research, Society and Development 10, no. 7 (June 22, 2021): e30010716591. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i7.16591.

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Este estudo objetiva identificar o conhecimento dos Agentes Comunitários de Saúde (ACS) sobre o calendário vacinal infantil de crianças até cinco anos. Trata-se de uma pesquisa quantitativa, descritiva, do tipo antes e depois, com amostra de 25 ACS de duas Unidades Básicas de Saúde de Ananindeua-Pará. A média de idade dos ACS é de 40 anos; sexo feminino (64%); 76% verifica o cartão de vacina da criança e dá orientações às mães; 96% afirmou que verificar o cartão de vacina da criança faz parte do seu trabalho; 100% realiza visitas domiciliares periódicas às crianças de sua área, 88% têm crianças com vacinas atrasadas na sua área. Quanto aos ACS se sentirem seguros para orientar as mães sobre vacinas, observou-se aumento do índice do pré para pós capacitação (26,1%-73,9%). Ao serem questionados se receberam treinamento no pré e pós capacitação, o índice subiu de 78,3% para 100%. Quanto ao nível de conhecimento sobre vacinas em crianças até 5 anos, houve aumento no pré e pós capacitação nos conceitos “ótimo” (0%-8,7%), “bom” (21,7%- 43,5%), “regular” (39,1%-43,5%) e diminuição do conceito “insuficiente” (39,1%-4,3%). Houve aumento da taxa média de acertos dos ACS no pré e pós capacitação (61,9%-81,1%) com diferença entre as taxas de acertos nas fases pré e pós de 19,18%. Conclui-se que há a necessidade de investimento em qualificação profissional dos ACS por meio da educação permanente, a fim de ampliar os conhecimentos sobre calendário vacinal.

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Foster, Sophie. "Who let the blogs out? Media and free speech in post-coup Fiji." Pacific Journalism Review : Te Koakoa 13, no. 2 (September 1, 2007): 47–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/pjr.v13i2.903.

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Fiji’s fourth armed seizure of government on 5 December 2006 delivered more than a new administration - it heralded the onslaught of a new media environment. With a heavy military crackdown on dissenting opinion and subsequent self-censorship of mainstream media, anonymous weblogs became a safe option for expressing anti-coup views. But because some anonymous blogs allowed racist, defamatory and provocative views to flourish, the role of the press and journalistic ethics was also seen as important. This article examines how a new—and uneasy—media combination kept freedom of expression alive in the months following the coup d’état. Cartoon: © Malcolm Evans

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Luiz, Fernando Teixeira. "A CONSTRUÇÃO DO HERÓI NO DESENHO ANIMADO: O PERÍODO DAS NARRATIVAS HÍBRIDAS (1980 – 2000)." Revista Graphos 21, no. 1 (July 4, 2019): 239–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.22478/ufpb.1516-1536.2019v21n1.46557.

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Revela-se, nas últimas décadas do século XX, a incidência de séries animadas protagonizadas por heróis primordiais, afinados à mitologia pagã e às Novelas de Cavalaria. Nessa direção, o presente estudo ocupa-se em rastrear, a partir de uma perspectiva crítica, descritiva e historicista, as propostas veiculadas pelo cinema gráfico entre 1980 e 2000 e suas articulações com a literatura, o cinema e os quadrinhos. Não está em cogitação, assim, a análise minuciosa de uma obra, mas o delineamento de um panorama histórico que permita visualizar as perspectivas de representação de heróis tradicionais ao longo de vinte anos. Para tanto, recorre-se à crítica especializada, às teorias da narrativa e aos estudos sobre desenho animado e indústria cultural. Em linhas gerais, a pesquisa apontou para um quadro curioso, se comparado às décadas anteriores, marcado, predominantemente, pelo hibridismo. Assim, diversos estúdios lançavam mão de uma teia de signos típicos de circuitos específicos, como o universo da mitologia, o substrato medieval, a literatura arturiana, a fantasia futurista, o faroeste norte-americano e as fontes lendárias dos samurais. Palavras-chave: Desenho animado. Literatura. Estética. Leitor. Herói. THE CONSTRUCTION OF HEROES IN CARTOONS: THE PERIOD OF HYBRID NARRATIVES (1980 – 2000) Abstract: The last decades of the 20th century saw the incidence of animated series featuring primordial heroes, attuned to pagan mythology and to chivalric romance. From a critical, descriptive and historical perspective, this paper aims to track the initiatives conveyed in animated movies between 1980 and 2000 and their correlation with literature, cinema and comic books. The paper offers a historical outline, which provides an overview of perspectives that traditional heroes were represented within a twenty-year time span. In order to do so, it relies on specialized criticism, narrative theory, and on studies about animation and cultural industry. Overall, it points towards an interesting scenario if compared to earlier decades, which were mostly marked by the presence of hybridity. Thus, diverse studios employed a network of signs from specific contexts, such as mythology, medievalism, Arthurian literature, science fiction, American western, and Japanese samurai epics. Keywords: Animated Cartoon. Literature. Aesthetics. Reader. Hero.

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Grdešić, Marko. "Images of Populism and Producerism: Political Cartoons from Serbia’s ‘Anti-Bureaucratic Revolution’." Europe-Asia Studies 69, no. 3 (March 16, 2017): 483–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09668136.2017.1323325.

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Vasse, Marie, Hermann Voglmayr, Veronika Mayer, Cécile Gueidan, Maximilian Nepel, Leandro Moreno, Sybren de Hoog, Marc-André Selosse, Doyle McKey, and Rumsaïs Blatrix. "A phylogenetic perspective on the association between ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) and black yeasts (Ascomycota: Chaetothyriales)." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 284, no. 1850 (March 15, 2017): 20162519. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2016.2519.

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The frequency and the geographical extent of symbiotic associations between ants and fungi of the order Chaetothyriales have been highlighted only recently. Using a phylogenetic approach based on seven molecular markers, we showed that ant-associated Chaetothyriales are scattered through the phylogeny of this order. There was no clustering according to geographical origin or to the taxonomy of the ant host. However, strains tended to be clustered according to the type of association with ants: strains from ant-made carton and strains from plant cavities occupied by ants (‘domatia’) rarely clustered together. Defining molecular operational taxonomic units (MOTUs) with an internal transcribed spacer sequence similarity cut-off of 99% revealed that a single MOTU could be composed of strains collected from various ant species and from several continents. Some ant-associated MOTUs also contained strains isolated from habitats other than ant-associated structures. Altogether, our results suggest that the degree of specialization of the interactions between ants and their fungal partners is highly variable. A better knowledge of the ecology of these interactions and a more comprehensive sampling of the fungal order are needed to elucidate the evolutionary history of mutualistic symbioses between ants and Chaetothyriales.

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Phiddian, Robert. "The Revolution in Political Cartoons and the Early Australian." Media International Australia 157, no. 1 (November 2015): 56–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x1515700108.

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In the 1960s, Australian political cartoons were transformed by three events: the arrival of Les Tanner at The Bulletin after Donald Horne was put in charge by Frank Packer; the radically new style and content of Bruce Petty's cartoons during The Australian's first decade; and the later development of a stable of cartoonists at The Age. In this period, the now common assumption that cartoonists are ‘always left-wing’ came into being – an obvious irony given the career arcs of proprietors like Packer and Rupert Murdoch. This article focuses on the middle part of this narrative, the impact of Bruce Petty's visually and politically radical cartooning for The Australian from day one. In what ways does Petty's work incarnate the anti-establishment ‘ethos’ of the young newspaper? What were the visual and political consequences for other broadsheets? How did this ‘left-wing’ impetus end at The Australian and live on in other papers?

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Scarre, Geoffrey. "FALLIBLE INFALLIBILITY? GLADSTONE'S ANTI-VATICAN PAMPHLETS IN THE LIGHT OF MILL'S ON LIBERTY." Victorian Literature and Culture 44, no. 2 (May 10, 2016): 223–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1060150315000595.

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When W. E. Gladstone published in November 1874 his spirited pamphlet The Vatican Decrees in their Bearing on Civil Allegiance: A Political Expostulation, he seems to have taken many people by surprise. In its issue of the 21st of that month, Punch printed a cartoon, “An Unexpected Cut” (Figure 1) which portrayed the “Hawarden woodcutter” laying an axe to the stout trunk of a tree labelled “Papal Infallibility,” under the bemused gaze of Mr Punch. To the latter's remark “We didn't expect to find you cutting at that tree, you know,” the ex-Prime Minister dourly retorts: “All right, Mr Punch! I choose my own Trees, and my own Time!” In Gladstone's view, the time was ripe to take a stand against the recent pretensions of the Roman Catholic Church, under the leadership of its aging pontiff Pius IX, to exercise an absolute and unchallengeable authority over the consciences and actions of Catholics.

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TRESGUERRES, ROMUALDO. "DYNAMICALLY BROKEN ANTI-DE SITTER ACTION FOR GRAVITY." International Journal of Geometric Methods in Modern Physics 05, no. 02 (March 2008): 171–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219887808002692.

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Due to a suitable Higgs mechanism, a standard Anti-de Sitter gauge theory becomes spontaneously broken. The resulting Lorentz invariant gravitational action includes the Hilbert–Einstein term of ordinary Einstein–Cartan gravity with cosmological constant, plus contributions quadratic in curvature and torsion, and a scalar Higgs sector.

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Le Fourn, Samuel, and Pedro Lemos. "Residual Galois representations of elliptic curves with image contained in the normaliser of a nonsplit Cartan." Algebra & Number Theory 15, no. 3 (May 20, 2021): 747–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2140/ant.2021.15.747.

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Siedlecki, Igor, Michał Gorczak, Alicja Okrasińska, and Marta Wrzosek. "Chance or Necessity—The Fungi Co−Occurring with Formica polyctena Ants." Insects 12, no. 3 (February 28, 2021): 204. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects12030204.

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Studies on carton nesting ants and domatia−dwelling ants have shown that ant–fungi interactions may be much more common and widespread than previously thought. Until now, studies focused predominantly on parasitic and mutualistic fungi–ant interactions occurring mostly in the tropics, neglecting less−obvious interactions involving the fungi common in ants’ surroundings in temperate climates. In our study, we characterized the mycobiota of the surroundings of Formica polyctena ants by identifying nearly 600 fungal colonies that were isolated externally from the bodies of F. polyctena workers. The ants were collected from mounds found in northern and central Poland. Isolated fungi were assigned to 20 genera via molecular identification (ITS rDNA barcoding). Among these, Penicillium strains were the most frequent, belonging to eight different taxonomic sections. Other common and widespread members of Eurotiales, such as Aspergillus spp., were isolated very rarely. In our study, we managed to characterize the genera of fungi commonly present on F. polyctena workers. Our results suggest that Penicillium, Trichoderma, Mucor, Schwanniomyces and Entomortierella are commonly present in F. polyctena surroundings. Additionally, the high diversity and high frequency of Penicillium colonies isolated from ants in this study suggest that representatives of this genus may be adapted to survive in ant nests environment better than the other fungal groups, or that they are preferentially sustained by the insects in nests.

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Rodríguez Valdunciel, Sergio. "La primavera de la animación en series 2D." Con A de animación, no. 8 (March 1, 2018): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/caa.2018.9638.

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<p>La animación 2D para televisión es uno de los contenidos que nos han acompañado a lo largo de los años. Los estudios Hanna-Barbera se encargaron de buscar un sistema de producción rentable para poder llevar a cabo más de 200 series diferentes. Lo que sucede a veces, con ciertos éxitos, es que se busca repetir fórmula, con el riesgo de caer en repetición, dejando de lado a la creatividad. Pero siempre hay personas que buscan un nuevo punto de vista, como Fred Seibert, el primer director de Cartoon Network, que puso en las pantallas una serie de nuevos personajes, que marcaron un antes y un después. En la actualidad, estamos disfrutando de unas series creativas, divertidas, diferentes, que entretienen a toda la familia.</p>

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Cook, Tim. "Anti-heroes of the Canadian Expeditionary Force." Journal of the Canadian Historical Association 19, no. 1 (May 28, 2009): 171–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/037431ar.

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Abstract The civilian-soldiers that formed the ranks of the Canadian Corps created a unique soldiers’ culture composed of songs, poetry, doggerel, cartoons, and newspapers during the course of the war to cope with the strain of service. This unique soldiers’ culture offers keen insight into soldiers’ experience. The antihero was one of the most important themes running through soldiers’ culture. In a war where soldiers were elevated to heroes by civilians, the soldiers in turn often chose instead to emphasis the antiheroic in their cultural products. There were several antihero archetypes in Canadian soldiers’ culture, and this essay will examine three: British cartoonist Bruce Bairnsfather’s Old Bill, “old soldiers,” and malingers. While these archetypes were separate, with identifiable qualities, they also bled into one another, creating a rich tapestry of anti-heroic cultural products and icons. These antiheroes provided a voice to the soldiers, even at times a language by which the soldiers could make sense of their war experience. The antiheroes were not always emulated, but their unheroic actions resonated with the trench warriors.

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Polli, Chiara, and Carlo Berti. "Framing right-wing populist satire: The case-study of Ghisberto’s cartoons in Italy." Punctum. International Journal of Semiotics 06, no. 02 (March 1, 2021): 29–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.18680/hss.2020.0020.

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Abstract Over the last few years, right-wing populism has increased its popularity and political weight, successfully merging with Euro-scepticism, nationalism, xenophobia, religious symbolism, and aggressive forms of conservatism (e.g., anti-feminism, homophobia, and, in general, patriarchal politics). Several studies have focused on the communication strategies of contemporary populism, examining the latter’s use of traditional and new media. So far, however, little attention has been paid to the role and language of right-wing populist satire. Our study draws on the ideational approach to populism to explore how right-wing populism is expressed in satirical cartoons. This approach perceives populism as a thin-centered ideology, based on a Manichean division between ‘good people’ and ‘evil elites,’ which regularly combines with other ideological components (e.g., nationalism, Euroscepticism, xenophobia). Our analysis focuses on the Italian cartoonist Ghisberto, known for his provocative and frequently controversial work. We examine a sample of Ghisberto’s vignettes using multimodal analysis tools and Greimas’s notion of isotopy. The aim is to investigate how right-wing populist satire constructs its different targets (the EU, left-wingers, migrants, NGOs, women, etc.) and how populist ideology exploits cartoons’ communicative resources and power.

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석화정. "The American-Spanish War and Political Cartoons in Press Media: Expansionism and Anti-Imperialism." military history ll, no. 98 (March 2016): 395–432. http://dx.doi.org/10.29212/mh.2016..98.395.

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Long, Mark. "Exploring Anti-Americanism in Post-9/11 Editorial Cartoons in the U.S. and Spain." PS: Political Science & Politics 40, no. 02 (April 2007): 279–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049096507070448.

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Ata, Abe W. "Entrapping Christian and Muslim Arabs in Racial Cartoons in Australia: The Other Anti-Semitism." Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs 30, no. 4 (December 2010): 457–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13602004.2010.533438.

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Long, Mark, Rick Bunch, and Robert E. Lloyd. "Anti-Americanism, Political Cartoons, and a Socio-Geographic Imagination: An Invitation to Further Work*." Sociological Inquiry 80, no. 4 (September 27, 2010): 650–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-682x.2010.00356.x.

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Howard, Philip S. S. "Drawing Dissent: Postracialist Pedagogy, Racist Literacy, and Racial Plagiarism in Anti-Obama Political Cartoons." Review of Education, Pedagogy, and Cultural Studies 36, no. 5 (October 20, 2014): 386–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10714413.2014.958379.

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Wagner, Grzegorz Karol, Magdalena Jaszek, Bernard Staniec, Monika Prendecka, Dominika Pigoń, Anna Belcarz, Dawid Stefaniuk, Anna Matuszewska, Ewa Pietrykowska-Tudruj, and Mirosław Zagaja. "Lasius fuliginosus Nest Carton as a Source of New Promising Bioactive Extracts with Chemopreventive Potential." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 9 (April 22, 2021): 4392. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22094392.

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Six new water extracts (E1–E6) were obtained from nest carton produced by jet black ants Lasius fuliginosus and tested for their biochemical and bioactive properties, including antioxidative and anticancer effects. The present study demonstrated significant qualitative and quantitative differences in the content of individual biochemical constituents, as well as bioactive properties between the investigated samples. All tested extracts demonstrated antioxidant properties (determined using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) methods), and the highest antioxidative potential was recorded in extracts E1 and E2 (188.96 and 313.67 μg/mL of ascorbic acid equivalent for ABTS and 176.42 and 202.66 μg/mL for DPPH reagent). Furthermore the six extracts exhibited strong inhibitory activity towards human melanoma cells of the A-375 CRL-1619 line in a dose-dependent manner. The most interesting chemopreventive activity was exhibited by extract E2, which inhibited the proliferation of A-375 cells to the greatest extent, while having a minimal effect on Vero cells. The effect on cancer cells has been confirmed using the Electric Cell-substrate Impedance Sensing (ECIS) technique. Significant impedance changes have been detected in A-375 and Vero cells following the administration of extract E2. The obtained results are really promising and constitute the basis for further research on the nest carton of jet black ant.

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BLAGOJEVIĆ, M., and M. VASILIĆ. "ANTI-DE SITTER 3-DIMENSIONAL GRAVITY WITH TORSION." Modern Physics Letters A 20, no. 17n18 (June 14, 2005): 1285–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732305017755.

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Using the canonical formalism, we study the asymptotic symmetries of the topological 3-dimensional gravity with torsion. In the anti-de Sitter sector, the symmetries are realized by two independent Virasoro algebras with classical central charges. In the simple case of the teleparallel vacuum geometry, the central charges are equal to each other and have the same value as in general relativity, while in the general Riemann-Cartan geometry, they become different.

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Tomazelli, Jeane Glaucia, Adriana Tavares de Moraes Atty, Antônio Carlos Antunes Bertholasce, and Maria Beatriz Kneipp Dias. "Tratamento Radioterápico no Sistema Único de Saúde: uma Análise do Período 2012 a 2016." Revista Brasileira de Cancerologia 64, no. 4 (December 31, 2018): 461–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.32635/2176-9745.rbc.2018v64n4.194.

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Introdução: A radioterapia é uma das modalidades terapêuticas no tratamento do câncer. Objetivo: Descrever o perfil epidemiológico e assistencial do tratamento radioterápico no Sistema Único de Saúde no período 2012-2016. Método: Estudo descritivo sobre as Autorizações de Procedimentos de Alta Complexidade em Oncologia do Sistema de Informação Ambulatorial. Avaliaram-se o quantitativo de Cartão Nacional de Saúde nas autorizações de radioterapia do tipo inicial, o número de autorizações por cartão, as neoplasias mais frequentes, o número de campos de radioterapia aplicados, a idade mediana e a finalidade do tratamento por estabelecimento habilitado em oncologia. Resultado: Identificaram-se 509.708 cartões com uma razão de duas autorizações/cartão. Mama (24,3%) e próstata (18,5%) foram as neoplasias mais frequentes. O número de campos por neoplasia foi superior ao preconizado. A mediana de idade foi menor para encéfalo (48 anos) e maior para próstata (70 anos). Maior parte do tratamento (85,2%) foi para finalidade não paliativa e foram realizadas em Centro de Assistência de Alta Complexidade em Oncologia com serviço de Oncologia Pediátrica. Conclusão: O estudo demonstrou um incremento no número de casos/ano tratados com radioterapia, evidenciando a importância dessa modalidade terapêutica. Estudos que caracterizem o perfil dos casos em tratamento de câncer são necessários para qualificar a gestão da rede de atenção a saúde.

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Chaves, Elem Cristina Rodrigues, Kleber das Neves Trindade Júnior, Ismari Perini Furlaneto, Tinara Leila de Souza Aarão, and Maria Helena Rodrigues de Mendonça. "Avaliação da situação vacinal e a percepção de acadêmicos dos cursos da área da saúde de um centro universitário particular de uma cidade do estado do Pará." Revista Eletrônica Acervo Saúde 12, no. 11 (November 27, 2020): e4705. http://dx.doi.org/10.25248/reas.e4705.2020.

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Objetivo: Avaliar o perfil e a percepção dos discentes dos cursos da área de saúde em uma instituição privada de ensino superior de uma cidade do estado Pará acerca do calendário vacinal. Métodos: Trata-se de estudo descritivo, analítico e quantitativo da situação vacinal, realizado em uma instituição privada de ensino superior localizada em uma cidade do Pará. Resultados: Após análise dos dados, foi observado associação significativa no status vacinal desatualizado dos discentes da saúde e a faixa etária de 18 a 22 anos (p=0,0381), a menor exigência do cartão vacinal no estágio extracurricular (p=0,0035) e a menor percepção sobre PNI e consequências da não imunização (p=0,0001 e 0,0141). Ademais, a menor adesão as vacinas pelo curso de Biomedicina (p=0,0389) e maior em Enfermagem (p=0,0389), menor frequência de cartão atualizado em Nutrição e Biomedicina (p<0,0001) e maiores orientações acerca da vacinação nos dois anos iniciais ao curso (<0,0001). Conclusão: Observa-se negligencias quanto ao perfil vacinal a partir da baixa frequência de vacinação e o elevado risco aos graduandos da saúde, dispõem às instituições a necessidade de medidas de intensificação à nível da biossegurança e verificação precoce e constante do cartão vacinal.

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Donadio, Rosimara, Milton De Abreu Campanario, and Armênio De Sousa Rangel Rangel. "O Papel da Alfabetização Financeira e do Cartão de Crédito no Endividamento dos Consumidores Brasileiros." Revista Brasileira de Marketing 11, no. 1 (May 3, 2012): 75–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5585/remark.v11i1.2281.

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O objetivo do presente estudo realizar uma reviso terica sobre a influncia do nvel de alfabetizao financeira e do carto de crdito sobre o endividamento do consumidor brasileiro. Nos ltimos anos, o crescimento do endividamento da populao brasileira bateu recordes e a maior parte das dvidas refere-se aos gastos com carto de crdito. Vrios podem ser os fatores que influenciam esse fenmeno: o baixo grau de alfabetizao financeira, a disseminao do carto de crdito e sua respectiva facilidade de uso, a popularizao da oferta de crdito, dentre outros. O endividamento gera severas conseqncias pessoais, econmicas e sociais. DOI: 10.5585/remark.v11i1.2281

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Cunha, Rosani Evangelista da. "Cartão Nacional de Saúde: os desafios da concepção e implantação de um sistema nacional de captura de informações de atendimento em saúde." Ciência & Saúde Coletiva 7, no. 4 (2002): 869–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1413-81232002000400018.

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O Cartão Nacional de Saúde, em implantação sob a forma de projeto piloto, utiliza tecnologias de informática para a captura de informações de atendimento em saúde. O desenvolvimento do sistema e as estratégias utilizadas para sua implantação têm sido pautados por princípios que levaram a opções tecnológicas específicas. Merecem destaque: a) o porte do cartão não é condição para acesso aos serviços de saúde; b) o acesso às informações deve respeitar o direito à privacidade dos usuários e a ética dos profissionais; c) a responsabilidade pela guarda da base de dados é dos gestores do SUS; d) adoção de padrões, preferencialmente abertos; e e) respeito ao processo de trabalho e às funcionalidades requeridas no ato do atendimento. Cerca de 13 milhões de pessoas são abrangidas de forma direta pelo projeto piloto, que teve origem em meados de 1999 por meio de uma licitação internacional para contratação da Solução de Informática do Cartão Nacional de Saúde. Com pouco mais de três anos de duração e previsão de término do projeto piloto para julho de 2003, o Cartão apresenta características e desafios próprios de projetos complexos, que são discutidos no presente artigo.

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Zanchi, Mariza, Carla Vitola Gonçalves, Juraci A. Cesar, and Samuel de Carvalho Dumith. "Concordância entre informações do Cartão da Gestante e do recordatório materno entre puérperas de uma cidade brasileira de médio porte." Cadernos de Saúde Pública 29, no. 5 (May 2013): 1019–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-311x2013000500019.

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A assistência pré-natal é um indicativo da qualidade dos serviços de saúde. Esse estudo objetivou avaliar a concordância entre os dados do pré-natal da memória materna e do cartão da gestante no Município do Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Estudo transversal incluindo todas puérperas do ano de 2010 que realizaram pré-natal. As entrevistas e a coleta dos dados do cartão ocorreram nas maternidades. Das 2.288 puérperas entrevistadas, 1.228 (53,7%) portavam o cartão da gestante, sendo a comparação realizada nesse grupo. A análise foi feita utilizando-se o teste de concordância kappa e o intervalo de confiança. A realização de seis ou mais consultas de pré-natal, exame das mamas e ginecológico, dois exames de sangue, VDRL, anti-HIV, urina e a vacinação antitetânica demonstraram diferença estatística entre os dados referidos e anotados (p ≤ 0,001). A adequação do pré-natal pelo índice do Programa de Humanização do Pré-Natal (PHPN) nos dados referidos foi de 23,9% e de 4,4% nos dados anotados (p ≤ 0,001). Observamos um sub-registro no cartão da gestante, o qual influenciou negativamente na avaliação da qualidade do pré-natal.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Cartoon ants'

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