Books: 'Casa do Benin'

1

Blaivas, Jerry G. Case studies in benign prostatic hyperplasia. Oxford: Isis Medical Media, 2000.

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2

Al-Makassary, Ridwan. Benih-benih Islam radikal di masjid: Studi kasus Jakarta dan Solo. Edited by Ahmad Gaus A. F., 1968- and Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta. Center for the Study of Religion and Culture. Ciputat, Jakarta: Center for the Study of Religion and Culture, Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah, 2010.

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3

Fanou, Blandine. Poverty reduction and employment generation: The case of Agetur, Benin. [Birmingham]: University of Birmingham, International Development Department, 2000.

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4

Rural people's response to soil fertility decline: The Adja case (Benin). Wageningen, the Netherlands: Wageningen Agricultural University, 1993.

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5

Tossou, Rigobert Cocou. People's response to policy change in agricultural development organization: The Benin case. [Wageningen, Netherland?: s.n., 1995.

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6

Randall, Donna M. Managerial opportunities for women in less developed countries: The case of Benin. [East Lansing]: Michigan State University, Women in International Development, 1988.

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7

Akpaki, Joseph Adam. Ackerbauern und mobile Tierhalter in Zentral- und Nord-Benin: Landnutzungskonflikte und Landesentwicklung. Berlin: Dietrich Reimer Verlag, 2002.

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8

Dangbégnon, Constant. Platform for resource management: Case studies of success or failure in Benin and Burkina Faso. [Wageningen: Agricultural University, 1998.

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9

Goehring, Catherine. Benign breast disease: A review of the literature and a case-control study. Genève: Médecine et Hygiène, 1997.

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10

1950-, Kageler Len, ed. This way to youth ministry: Readings, case studies, resources to begin the journey : companion guide. El Cajon, CA: Youth Specialties Books, 2004.

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11

Honagbode, A. Cyrille. The role of off-farm income and gender issues in technology adoption in farming families in Southern Benin. Weikersheim, Germany: Margraf Verlag, 2001.

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12

Bassett, Kenneth. Incorporating clinical effectiveness debates into hospital technology assessment: The case of laser treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Vancouver, B.C: B.C. Office of Health Technology Assessment, 1996.

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13

Lingnau, Hildegard. Lean management als Konzept zur Reform öffentlicher Verwaltungen in Afrika südlich der Sahara: Schlussfolgerungen aus den Verwaltungsreformen Benins und Ugandas. Köln: Weltforum, 1996.

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14

Amouzou, Kou'santa Sabiba. Evaluation des marqueurs nutritionnels et génétiques du statut en coenzymes B (cobalamines et folates) et de l'homocystéinemie plasmatique dans une population d'Afrique de l'Ouest (Benin-Togo). Lomé: [s.n., 2003.

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15

Nigro, Giampiero, ed. Il commercio al minuto. Domanda e offerta tra economia formale e informale. Secc. XIII-XVIII / Retail Trade. Supply and demand in the formal and informal economy from the 13th to the 18th century. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-6655-751-7.

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La distribuzione dei beni di consumo nell’Europa medievale e moderna era multiforme e coinvolgeva spazi e attori diversi. Nelle fiere e nei mercati, nelle botteghe più o meno grandi delle città si vendeva ogni tipo di derrate alimentari e di oggetti necessari alla vita quotidiana. Erano anche innumerevoli i piccoli ambulanti che tenevano banco per strada, i contadini che raggiungevano la città per offrire i prodotti dei loro orti o del pollaio, della caccia o della raccolta spontanea, passando di casa in casa. Mercanti ambulanti percorrevano con le loro balle e casse anche le vie meno frequentate, raggiungendo villaggi e frazioni disperse. Una grande molteplicità di attori economici che concorrevano assieme a raggiungere ogni tipo di consumatore, dai più agiati ai più umili. L’obiettivo del progetto di ricerca è stato quello di comprendere l’organizzazione economica e l’evoluzione di queste diverse forme di commercio al minuto. Sul piano dei risultati, i contributi raccolti in questo volume costituiscono la risposta storiograficamente più aggiornata ad alcune delle questioni proposte, come l’analisi dei legami tra le diverse scale spaziali (dalla bottega alle reti europee di mercanti ambulanti), del commercio formale e informale tra regola e pratica, della circolazione dei beni fra città e campagna, delle tensioni fra gli attori di questi scambi, le loro rivalità e i loro accordi, ma anche le attese dei consumatori e le esigenze dello stato, e degli effetti sull’organizzazione istituzionale e dei mestieri della distribuzione nel periodo compreso fra il Medioevo e il XVIII secolo.

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16

Zanetti, Melania. Dalla tutela al restauro del patrimonio librario e archivistico. Venice: Edizioni Ca' Foscari, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.30687/978-88-6969-215-4.

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Il volume raccoglie gli atti di due convegni organizzati nel 2016 e nel 2017 dall’Università Ca’ Foscari in collaborazione con l’Università degli Studi di Padova e con l’Associazione Italiana dei conservatori e restauratori degli archivi e delle biblioteche (AICRAB). Il ritorno allo Stato nel 2015 delle funzioni di tutela dei beni librari, in precedenza delegate dallo Stato medesimo alle Regioni, è stato il tema del primo convegno ed è il filo conduttore delle riflessioni raccolte nella prima parte del volume. Esse si concentrano sull’organizzazione delle nuove Soprintendenze archivistiche e bibliografiche e sulle criticità comportate dalla riforma istituzionale. Il restauro, la più complessa tra le attività di conservazione del patrimonio storico, eppure irrinunciabile laddove la degradazione ne precluda la fruizione e ne metta a rischio la trasmissione al futuro, è stato l’argomento del successivo convegno. Nella seconda parte del volume, i diversi contributi riflettono sulle radici storiche e sull’evoluzione delle prassi di restauro del patrimonio manoscritto; si presentano inoltre alcuni casi di intervento metodologicamente esemplificativi, ponendo infine l’accento sull’apporto, oggi irrinunciabile, offerto dalla ricerca scientifica per migliorare la qualità degli interventi.

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17

Chevanne, Marta, and Riccardo Caldini. Immagini di Istopatologia. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-023-8.

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This collection of images of Histopathology is the fruit of the authors' thirty years' experience in the performance of practical exercises in General Pathology. It is aimed at students attending lessons of General Pathology on the Degree Courses in Medical Surgery and Biological Sciences. It does not aspire either to be complete from the point of view of the various organic pathologies, or to replace direct and personal observation of the histological preparations through the microscope, but is rather intended as an aid to students preparing for the exam. It does not include the rudiments of cytology and microscopic anatomy, which it is assumed have already been mastered by those approaching General Histopathology, nor are histopathological phenomena systematically addressed, for which the reader is referred to textbooks on General Pathology. The 44 preparations presented here have been grouped in line with the main arguments of General Pathology: Cellular Degeneration, Inflammation, Neoplasia both benign and malign, and Vascular Pathology. They have been selected for their didactic significance and the simplicity and clarity of the lesions present, without taking into account the information to be derived from the clinical case history. The images of the preparations, in which the best possible quality of reproduction has been sought, are presented in progressive enlargements and are accompanied by brief descriptions comprising the explanations essential for identification of the characteristic aspects of the elementary lesion, as well as any eventual defects in the preparations themselves. Effectively, the objective of the work is to enable the student to exercise his understanding of the images. For this reason the casuistics included is as essential as possible, and the method of presentation utilised is designed to avoid mere visual memorisation, stimulating first analysis and then synthesis, and the development of individual logical skills so as to indicate whether aspects of cellular pathology, inflammation or neoplasia are present.

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18

Blaivas, Jerry G. Case Studies in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (Case Studies in Urology). Informa Healthcare, 2001.

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19

Eusèbe, Alihonou, ed. Community participation in primary health care: The case of Gakpé, Benin. Amsterdam: Royal Tropical Institute, 1993.

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20

Case Concerning the Frontier Dispute Benin/niger Order of 16 February 2005. United Nations Pubns, 2006.

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21

Inoussa, Alihonou; S. Community participation in primary health care: The case of Gakpe, Benin (PDS-Pahou series). ITDG Publishing, 1993.

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22

Baloh, Robert W. Schuknecht and His Breakthrough on Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190600129.003.0017.

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In 1949, Harold Schuknecht completed his residency in John Lindsay’s Otolaryngology Department at the University of Chicago and stayed first as a clinical instructor and then as an assistant professor. Schuknecht reviewed the temporal bone specimens from the patient reported by his mentor, John Lindsay, and from patients reported by Charles Hallpike and colleagues and was struck by the similarity in the pathologic changes. He concluded that in each case damage to the labyrinth resulted from occlusion of the anterior vestibular artery. Schuknecht believed that the delayed positional vertigo that occurred in these cases must have originated from the posterior semicircular canal. He reasoned that with degeneration of the superior vestibular labyrinth, otoconia would be released from the otolithic membrane of the utricular macule and that, in certain positions of the head, the otoconia would respond to gravity and thereby activate the cupula of the posterior semicircular canal.

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23

Case Concerning the Frontier Dispute (Benin/niger) Judgment of 12 July 2005) (Icj Reports of Judgments, Advisory Opinions and Orders). United Nations Pubns, 2006.

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24

S, Howard George, and Delgado-Romero Edward Anthony, eds. When things begin to go bad: Narrative explorations of difficult issues. Lanham, MD: Hamilton Books, 2004.

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25

Milstein, Sara J. Making a Case. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190911805.001.0001.

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Outside of the Bible, all of the known Near Eastern law collections were produced in the third to second millennia BCE, in cuneiform on clay tablets, and in major cities in Mesopotamia and in the Hittite Empire. None of the five major sites in Syria to have yielded cuneiform tablets has borne even a fragment of a law collection, despite the fact that several have yielded ample legal documentation. Excavations at Nuzi have turned up numerous legal documents, but again, no law collection. Even Egypt has not yielded a collection of laws. As such, the biblical blocks that scholars regularly identify as law collections would represent the only “western,” non-cuneiform expressions of the genre in the ancient Near East, produced by societies not known for their political clout, and separated in time from the “other” collections by centuries. Making a Case challenges the long-held notion that Israelite and Judahite scribes either made use of older law collections or set out to produce law collections in the Near Eastern sense of the genre. Rather, Milstein suggests that what we call “biblical law” is closer in form and function to a different and oft-neglected Mesopotamian genre: legal-pedagogical texts. In the course of their education, Mesopotamian scribes copied a variety of legal-oriented school texts: sample contracts, fictional cases, sequences of non-canonical law, and legal phrasebooks. When “biblical law” is viewed in the context of these legal-pedagogical texts, its practical roots in legal exercises begin to emerge.

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26

O’Toole, Rachel Sarah. To Be Free and Lucumí. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252036637.003.0003.

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This chapter examines the development of African diasporic identities in colonial Peru by focusing on the case of Ana de la Calle. In 1719, Ana de la Calle paid a notary in the northern Peruvian city of Trujillo to compose her will. She identified herself as a free morena of casta lucumí from the Yoruba-speaking interior of the Bight of Benin. Before deconstructing the terms “lucumí” and “morena” as used together by Ana de la Calle, this chapter first provides an overview of slavery and freedom in colonial Peru. It then considers lucumí as an elite status, as well as how Ana de la Calle's claim to be free and Lucumí made her unique and perhaps isolated her from other free women of color in colonial Trujillo. By analyzing why Ana de la Calle used morena and lucumí together, this chapter shows how casta terms were harnessed by both enslaved and free people of the African Diaspora.

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27

Garland, David. The Concept of American Exceptionalism and the Case of Capital Punishment. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190203542.003.0003.

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This chapter aims to distinguish the various meanings of American exceptionalism and clarifies what we might mean when we invoke this phrase. It also discusses what the American exceptionalism concept implies for the study of crime and punishment. To begin, the chapter first presents a preliminary discussion on the concept and its meanings. It then examines American exceptionalism by means of a close analysis of a specific penal phenomenon that is often invoked as proof that the United States is, indeed, exceptional: America’s retention of capital punishment into the twenty-first century. Here, the chapter argues that while America’s current stance on capital punishment may be anomalous in international terms, it is not an instance of American exceptionalism.

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28

International Court Of Justice Reports Of Judgements, Advisory Opinions And Orders: Case Concerning The Frontier Disputes (benin/niger); Order Of 27 November 2002, Formation Of Chamber. United Nations Pubns, 2004.

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29

Kahn, S. Lowell. Branched Stent Graft Placement in the Vena Cava Using the Endologix AFX. Edited by S. Lowell Kahn, Bulent Arslan, and Abdulrahman Masrani. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199986071.003.0031.

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Superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS) comprises a constellation of symptoms resulting from stenosis, occlusion, or thrombosis of the SVC of benign and malignant etiologies. The diagnosis is most commonly seen with thoracic malignancies, with primary lung cancer accounting for up to 70% of cases. Up to 4% of lung cancer patients present with SVCS at the time of diagnosis, and many more develop it at a later time. In younger patients with SVCS, lymphoma is commonly responsible. Recently, there has been a rise in benign SVCS secondary to the increased use of central venous catheters and pacemakers. Endovascular stenting of the SVC for SVCS has been described for more than 25 years and is now the first-line treatment of choice for benign and malignant SVCS. This chapter describes the use of the Endologix AFX AAA system for the treatment of SVCS.

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30

Hébert-Blouin, Marie-Noëlle. Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors. Edited by Meghan E. Lark, Nasa Fujihara, and Kevin C. Chung. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190617127.003.0020.

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Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (PNSTs) are soft tissue sarcomas arising from a peripheral nerve or a pre-existing benign nerve sheath tumor or are sarcomas with features of Schwann-cell differentiation. Differentiating between benign and malignant PNSTs can be challenging. The chapter begins with a case example and then discusses assessment, investigations (including imaging), and diagnosis of malignant PNSTs, as well as the steps involved in decision-making about management of a malignant PNST. The surgical principles and goals for resection of a malignant PNST, the adjuvant therapies used in treatment, and the complications and outcomes of treatment are presented.

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31

Sodeik, Eva, Rolain Borel, and Lasse Krantz. Designing Participatory Strategies for Forest Projects in West Africa: Two Case Studies Form Benin / The Monitoring Team Approach to Project Follow-up ... (Rural Development Forestry Network Paper). Overseas Development Institute, 1995.

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32

Boudreau, J. Donald, Eric J. Cassell, and Abraham Fuks. Phase I—The Person. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199370818.003.0015.

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The remaining chapters are detailed expositions of the four phases of the Physicianship Curriculum. This chapter introduces Phase I. Encompassing 8 months of curricular time, this phase is dedicated to the nature of persons and personhood. We define these complex entities and begin our teaching with reference to living, healthy people. We describe the five broad subject areas of this phase. It is in this initial phase that students begin learning the clinical method, including observation, attentive listening, and the spoken language of medicine. Students are introduced to case-based teaching, and they have their first encounters with patients. The chapter provides examples of weekly schedules and outlines the materials and concepts that are addressed. Last, it describes specific educational strategies.

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33

Gardiner, Matthew D., and Neil R. Borley. Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199204755.003.0012.

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This chapter begins by discussing the basic principles of acute inflammation, cutaneous wound healing, and the reconstructive ladder, before focusing on the key areas of knowledge, namely congenital conditions, emergency management of burns, emergency hand surgery, tendon injuries, peripheral nerve injuries, elective hand surgery, cutaneous malignant melanoma, non-melanoma skin cancer, and benign skin lesions. The chapter concludes with relevant case-based discussions.

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34

Ajithkumar, Thankamma, Ann Barrett, Helen Hatcher, and Natalie Cook. Thoracic tumours. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199235636.003.0006.

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Primary tracheal tumours represent <1% of all respiratory malignancies and can arise from the respiratory epithelium, salivary glands, and mesenchymal structures of the trachea. Most tumours in adults are benign while this is the case in only 30% of tumours in children. Primary tumours in adults are predominantly of adenoid cystic or squamous cell histology (Gaissert et al. 2006)....

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35

Penny, McKay, and Australia. Dept. of Employment, Education, Training and Youth, eds. The Bilingual Interface Project report: The relationship between first language development and second language acquisition as students begin learning English in the context of schooling. Canberra [Australia]: Dept. of Employment, Education, Training and Youth Affairs, 1997.

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36

Chaisty, Paul, Nic Cheeseman, and Timothy J. Power. Coalitional Presidentialism in Cross-Regional Perspective. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198817208.003.0002.

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This chapter introduces the three regions—sub-Saharan Africa, Latin America, and the Former Soviet Union—and the nine countries—Armenia, Benin, Brazil, Chile, Ecuador, Kenya, Malawi, Russia, and Ukraine—that provide the empirical material for the book. It introduces the two criteria used for case selection: 1) democratic competitiveness; 2) de jure and de facto constitutional provisions that empower presidents to be coalitional formateurs. It also introduces a variable that measures the salience of cross-party cooperation: the Index of Coalitional Necessity. Finally, it sketches the political landscape that has shaped the dynamics of coalitional presidentialism within each region, and it draws attention to important contextual differences between the nine country cases.

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37

Picano, Eugenio, Fausto Pinto, and Blazej Michalski. Ischaemic heart disease: coronary artery anomalies. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198726012.003.0030.

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Coronary anomalies occur in less than 1% of the general population and their clinical presentation can range anywhere from a benign incidental finding to the cause of sudden cardiac death. Since congenital coronary arteries anomalies are often considered as the first cause of cardiac death in young athletes in Europe, careful attention has to be paid in this specific subpopulation in case of suggestive symptoms. Although focused expert echocardiography is the first-line imaging tool, coronary computed tomography or radiation-free magnetic resonance imaging are recommended for more definitive definition of the coronary course in persons suspected of having coronary artery anomalies. Most coronary anomalies belong to the group of anomalous origin. Aneurysms are defined as dilations of a coronary vessel 1.5 times the normal adjacent coronary artery segment. Coronary artery fistulas are communications between one or more coronary arteries and a cardiac chamber (coronary-cameral), the pulmonary artery, or a venous structure (such as the sinus or superior vena cava).

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38

Keane, Adrian, and Paul McKeown. 4. The burden and standard of proof. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198811855.003.0004.

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This chapter discusses the rules governing which party bears the legal and evidential burdens on which facts in issue. These rules can determine the eventual outcome of proceedings; determine which party has the right to begin adducing evidence in court; in what circumstances a defendant, at the end of the case for the prosecution, or claimant, may make a successful submission of no case to answer; and how the trial judge should direct the jury. The chapter begins by defining and distinguishing the legal, evidential, and other burdens, and then considers in detail which burden is borne by each of the parties on the various facts in issue in any given case.

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39

Chaisty, Paul, Nic Cheeseman, and Timothy J. Power. Legislative Powers and Coalition Management. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198817208.003.0005.

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This chapter considers the ways in which presidents deploy legislative powers in coalition management. It covers decree and statute powers, and at least three types of veto powers: package, partial, and amendatory. It discusses the impact of a variety of system-level factors (electoral and party system), coalition-level factors (presidential party size and ideological composition), and conjunctural factors (crisis and time) on the relative cost of the deployment of legislative tools. It examines case studies from Ukraine, Chile, Russia, Benin, and Brazil to highlight different types of legislative tool deployment. It also uses MP survey evidence to assess the relative importance of legislative powers in coalition maintenance, and to discuss the propensity of legislators to delegate their legislative powers to presidents.

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40

Gardiner, Matthew D., and Neil R. Borley. Otolaryngology and head and neck surgery. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199204755.003.0011.

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This chapter begins by discussing the basic principles of audiology, before focusing on the key areas of knowledge, namely hearing loss, benign labyrinth conditions and disorders of equilibrium, otitis media, chronic suppurative otitis media, external ear, epistaxis, nasal conditions, snoring, and sleep apnoea, childhood airway conditions, adenoids and tonsils, paranasal sinuses, salivary glands, neck lumps, laryngeal cancer, oropharyngeal, nasal, and nasopharyngeal cancer, facial palsy, and acute red eye. The chapter concludes with relevant case-based discussions.

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41

Blackman, Janine A. Midlife and Beyond (DRAFT). Edited by Madeleine M. Castellanos. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190225889.003.0002.

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This chapter discusses the varying changes in female hormones that begin 20 to 30 years prior to a woman’s final menstrual period (FMP), commonly around 50 years of age. Both testosterone and progesterone begin declining in a woman’s 20s and 30s, respectively, and antral follicle count in her ovaries also declines. In contrast, estrogen levels remain relatively stable from puberty until a woman’s early 40s This chapter discusses the changes that occur in a woman’s sexual health and overall health and well-being as her hormones change throughout her lifespan. It also discusses the controversy and misleading information about conventional hormone replacement therapies and presents case examples of postmenopausal women’s sexual health and overall health and well-being being restored with an integrative approach using custom-compounded bioidentical hormone replacement. A relatively new (nonsurgical) radiofrequency treatment for vulvo-vaginal rejuvenation for vaginal atrophy and urinary leakage problems in older women is also discussed.

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42

Barsam, Allon, and Jimmy Uddin. Oculoplastics. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199237593.003.0002.

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This chapter begins by looking at the eyelid and nasolacrimal system anatomy, before covering the key areas of clinical knowledge, namely lash abnormality, entropion, ectropion, ptosis, benign lid lesions, premalignant and malignant lid lesions, epiphora, acquired nasolacrimal system abnormalities, and congenital abnormalities. Clinical and practical skills are then covered, including ptosis examination, evaluation of the patient with acquired epiphora, incision and curettage of chalazion, syringing and probing, and botulinum-toxin injections. The chapter concludes with three case-based discussions, on epiphora, ptosis, and lid lump.

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43

Majmundar, Neil, and James K. Liu. Ventricular Tumors. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190696696.003.0009.

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Central neurocytomas are rare benign tumors that are typically located in the lateral ventricles. Because they are typically intraventricular, these tumors tend to present clinically with hydrocephalus. Currently, surgical removal with a gross-total resection is the treatment of choice. Various radiotherapy techniques, including both conventional radiotherapy and stereotactic radiosurgery, have been shown to be useful in cases of residual tumor after subtotal resection and tumor recurrence. This chapter presents a clinical case of central neurocytoma that demonstrates the typical clinical and radiological findings, as well as the diagnostic workup and surgical management of these tumors.

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44

Elder, J. Bradley, and Ahmed Mohyeldin. Extramedullary Spinal Cord Tumors. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190696696.003.0021.

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Tumors of the spine that occur within the dura but outside of the spinal cord are characterized as intradural but extramedullary spine tumors. The vast majority of these tumors are benign. This chapter uses a case presentation to present diagnostic and management pearls for this anatomic category of central nervous system neoplasms. These tumors are typically diagnosed due to presenting symptoms including pain or neurologic symptoms that localize the tumor to a specific area of the spine. Management is typically surgical. Some types of tumors are associated with syndromes such as neurofibromatosis. This chapter also discusses potential pitfalls and complications and their management.

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45

Kauppi, Nikko. Transnational Social Fields. Edited by Thomas Medvetz and Jeffrey J. Sallaz. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199357192.013.8.

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This chapter excavates Bourdieu’s theoretical insights concerning political sociology to develop a theory of transnational structuration processes. The early Bourdieu implicitly imagined the state as a nationally bounded actor. Only later in his career did he begin to grapple with issues such as globalization, transnationalism, and neoliberalism; and it is this later germ of ideas that this chapter develops. Transnational social fields, this chapter argues, are not reducible to institutional or organizational structures. They require a more holistic analysis of institutions and their underpinnings. To provide an example of how Bourdieu’s political sociology can be extended to transnational spaces, this chapter considers the case of the European Parliament.

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46

Gugerty, Mary Kay, and Dean Karlan. Invisible Children Uganda. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199366088.003.0011.

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Monitoring and evaluation systems rarely begin as right fits; instead, they evolve over time, often to meet the demands of internal learning, external accountability, and a given stage of program development. This case follows Invisible Children Uganda as it formalizes its monitoring and evaluation system in response to increased visibility, the demands of traditional donors, and an internal desire to understand impact. Readers will consider how Invisible Children’s first logical framework—a rough equivalent of a theory of change—lays the foundation for a right-fit monitoring and evaluation system. Readers will also analyze the broader challenges of commissioning high-quality impact evaluations and the importance of clearly defining them.

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47

Johnson, Michael P., Sarah Stage, James L. Roark, Daniel Horowitz, Patricia Cline Cohen, Susan M. Hartmann, John David Smith, James Marten, and Michael M. Topp. American Promise Compact 3e V2 & Jimmy Carter and the Energy Crisis of the 1970s & American Cold War Strategy & Sacco and Vanzetti Case & Childhood and ... Era & When Did Southern Segregation Begin? Bedford/St. Martin's, 2006.

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48

Brown, Derek H. Infusing Perception with Imagination. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198717881.003.0007.

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This chapter explores the broad thesis that most if not all perceptual experiences are infused or soaked with imaginings. To begin, the author articulates a sense of imagination useful for this discussion, avoids some pitfalls, and incorporates the result into a schematic guidance principle. The thought behind the principle is that imaginative contributions to perceptual experiences are self-generated ingredients to perception that have a reasonably direct, ampliative impact on the relevant perceptual experiences. This framework is then applied to three sets of case studies: object-kind and object-sameness experiences (Strawson 1970); colour (Macpherson 2012); and amodal completion (Nanay 2010) and perceptual constancy. Although the case studies have interesting differences, they all conform to the guidance principle. Since each has the potential to independently justify the thesis that perceptual experiences are infused with imaginings, they collectively provide sound motive to provisionally endorse it.

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Thomas, Michael S. C., Harry R. M. Purser, and Fiona M. Richardson. Modularity and Developmental Disorders. Edited by Philip David Zelazo. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199958474.013.0019.

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In this chapter, we consider the origin of uneven cognitive profiles in individuals with developmental disorders, including accounts from cognitive, brain, and genetic levels of description. We begin by introducing the main types of developmental disorder. We then discuss what is meant by the idea of modularity and the key issues surrounding it, outlining how modularity has been applied to explain deficits in developmental disorders. We illustrate competing theoretical positions by contrasting two developmental disorders, Williams syndrome (WS) and specific language impairment (SLI). In the first case, we consider cognitive deficits in WS with reference to modularity at a cognitive level and evidence from behavioral studies. In the second case, we consider SLI with reference to modularity at the neural level and evidence from brain imaging studies. We finish by considering the future for modular theories of atypical development, including the implication of recent findings from genetics and from computational modeling.

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50

Heinen, Christian, and Thomas Kretschmer. Nerve Sheath Tumors—Schwannomas and Neurofibromas. Edited by Meghan E. Lark, Nasa Fujihara, and Kevin C. Chung. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190617127.003.0018.

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A benign peripheral nerve sheath tumor is illustrated in a case presentation of a painful mass in the medial thigh, with paresthesias radiating along the course of the saphenous nerve. The presenting features, appropriate workup, treatment timing, surgical strategies, follow-up, and results for nerve-associated masses are outlined. Specific imaging findings for peripheral nerve sheath tumors on contrast-enhanced MR imaging and the merits of high-resolution ultrasound are detailed. The typical features of a well-defined and noninvasive peripheral nerve tumor, the principles of exploration, and microsurgical enucleation technique are highlighted. Other nerve tumor entities that should be considered in the differential diagnosis, as well as their respective features, are discussed.

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