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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Cascadia subduction zone'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 26 July 2025

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1

Dehler, Sonya Astrid. "Integrated geophysical modelling of the northern Cascadia subduction zone." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/30798.

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The northern Cascadia subduction zone involves convergence of the Explorer Plate and northern part of the Juan de Fuca Plate with the North American Plate along a margin lying west of Vancouver Island, Canada. A wide accretionary complex which underlies the continental slope and shelf has been formed. Two allochthonous terranes, the Crescent Terrane of Eocene oceanic crustal volcanics and the Pacific Rim Terrane of Mesozoic melange sedimentary rocks and volcanics, lie against the Wrangellia Terrane backstop beneath the west coast of Vancouver Island and outcrop on the southern tip of the islan

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2

Matharu, Gian. "Crustal anisotropy in a subduction zone forearc : Northern Cascadia." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/46496.

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S-wave splitting analyses using high signal-to-noise ratio low frequency earthquake (LFE) templates at 3-component stations across southern Vancouver Island (SVI) and northern Washington indicate the presence of a heterogeneous distribution of crustal anisotropy in the North American plate. For SVI, we investigate the contribution to anisotropy from the Leech River Complex (LRC), an allochthonous terrane comprised of strongly foliated greenschist facies phyllites and amphibolite facies schists with steeply dip- ping foliations striking E-W. On SVI, estimates of initial S-wave polarization dire

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3

Henton, Joseph Alan. "GPS studies of crustal deformation in the northern Cascadia subduction zone." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0020/NQ48226.pdf.

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4

Rondenay, Stéphane. "Teleseismic imaging of the southeastern Canadian Shield and Cascadia subduction zone." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/NQ61166.pdf.

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5

Boyarko, Devin C. "SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL PATTERNS OF NON-VOLCANIC TREMOR ALONG THE SOUTHERN CASCADIA SUBDUCTION ZONE." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1259983250.

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6

Burgette, Reed Joel. "Uplift in response to tectonic convergence : the Kyrgyz Tien Shan and Cascadia subduction zone /." Connect to title online (ProQuest), 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1616709721&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=11238&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2008.<br>Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 225-242). Also available online in ProQuest, free to University of Oregon users.

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7

VanDecar, John Callaway. "Upper-mantle structure of the Cascadia subduction zone from non-linear teleseismic travel-time inversion /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/6804.

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8

Doyle, Debra Lee. "Beach Response to Subsidence Following a Cascadia Subduction Zone Earthquake Along the Washington-Oregon Coast." PDXScholar, 1996. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/5072.

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Beach shoreline retreat induced by coseismic subsidence in the Cascadia subduction zone is an important post-earthquake hazard. Sand on a beach acts as a buffer to wave attack, protecting dunes, bluffs and terraces. The loss of sand from a beach could promote critical erosion of the shoreline. This study was initiated in order to estimate the potential amount of post subsidence shoreline retreat on a regional scale in the Central Cascadia Margin. The study area is a 331 km stretch of coastline from Copalis, Washington to Florence, Oregon. Several erosion models were evaluated, and the Bruun mo

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9

Michel, Lorenz [Verfasser], and Todd [Akademischer Betreuer] Ehlers. "Exhumation Processes at Orogenic Syntaxes : Insights from the Cascadia Subduction Zone (USA) / Lorenz Michel ; Betreuer: Todd Ehlers." Tübingen : Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1204422125/34.

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10

Michel, Lorenz Verfasser], and Todd [Akademischer Betreuer] [Ehlers. "Exhumation Processes at Orogenic Syntaxes : Insights from the Cascadia Subduction Zone (USA) / Lorenz Michel ; Betreuer: Todd Ehlers." Tübingen : Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1204422125/34.

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11

Fisher, Eric Alan. "Cellular Seismology Analysis of the Western United States: Comparing and Contrasting the San Andreas Transform Zone, the Cascadia Subduction Zone, and the Western Intraplate Hinterland Region." Thesis, Boston College, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:107402.

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Thesis advisor: Alan Kafka<br>Thesis advisor: Seth Kruckenberg<br>The western United States (WUS) is an area of high seismic activity. The Juan de Fuca, Pacific, and North American plates all meet in this area, resulting in zones of subduction and strike-slip faulting, as well as other styles of faulting, all of which make it prone to frequent, as well as large magnitude earthquakes. In this study the WUS encompasses the area between 30° to 52°N and 110° to 131°W. The diverse seismicity and tectonics of the area makes the study of seismo-tectonic processes in the WUS important not only in term

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12

Penserini, Brian. "Debris Flow Network Morphology and a New Erosion Rate Proxy for Steepland Basins with Application to the Oregon Coast Range and Cascadia Subduction Zone." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/19276.

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Reaches dominated by debris flow scour and incision tend to greatly influence landscape form in steepland basins. Debris flow networks, despite their ubiquity, have not been exploited to develop erosion rate proxies. To bridge this gap, I applied a proposed empirical function that describes the variation of valley slope with drainage area in fluvial and debris flow reaches of steepland channel networks in the Oregon Coast Range. I calibrated a relationship between profile concavity and erosion rate to map spatial patterns of long-term uplift rates assuming steady state. I also estimated the ma

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13

Yang, Jiaming. "Melting in the Mantle Wedge: Quantifying the Effects of Crustal Morphology and Viscous Decoupling on Melt Production with Application to the Cascadia Subduction Zone." PDXScholar, 2017. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3880.

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Arc magmatism is sustained by the complex interactions between the subducting slab, the overriding plate, and the mantle wedge. Partial melting of mantle peridotite is achieved by fluid-induced flux melting and decompression melting due to upward flow. The distribution of melting is sensitive to temperature, the pattern of flow, and the pressure in the mantle wedge. The arc front is the surface manifestation of partial melting in the mantle wedge and is characterized by a narrow chain of active volcanoes that migrate in time. The conventional interpretation is that changes in slab dip angle le

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14

Chin, David Holl Ling. "Effects of long duration ground motions on the probability of drift exceedance for reinforced concrete frames near the Cascadia Subduction Zone." University of British Columbia, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/63448.

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There are discrepancies in responses when a structure is subjected to short and long duration ground motions. The probability of drift exceedance has been repeated reported to increase under the influence of long duration records. Although the 2015 National Building Code of Canada has probabilistically taken the Cascadia Subduction Zone seismic hazards into considerations, none is known as what might happen to structures designed using this new Code if subjected to a large magnitude subduction earthquake. The answer is found via computer simulation. Following the general approach adopted in t

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15

Briggs, Gregory George. "Coastal Crossing of the Elastic Strain Zero-Isobase, Cascadia Margin, South Central Oregon Coast." PDXScholar, 1994. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4739.

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The analysis of marsh cores from the tidal zones of the Siuslaw, Umpqua, and Coos River systems on the south-central Oregon coast provides supporting evidence of coseismic subsidence resulting from megathrust earthquakes and reveals the landward extent of the zero-isobase. The analysis is based on lithostratigraphy, paleotidal indicators, microfossil paleotidal indicators, and radiocarbon age. Coseismic activity is further supported by the presence of anomalous thin sand layers present in certain cores. The analysis of diatom assemblages provides evidence of relative sea-level displacement on

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16

Graindorge, David. "Structure profonde des zones de subduction des Cascades et de l'Équateur : approche par les méthodes sismiques : exemples du détroit de Juan de Fuca et de la partie centrale de la marge équatorienne." Paris 6, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA066163.

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17

Walowski, Kristina. "From Cinder Cones to Subduction Zones: Volatile Recycling and Magma Formation beneath the Southern Cascade Arc." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/19310.

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Volatiles (H2O, CO2, S, Cl) play a key role in magmatic processes at subduction zones. In this study, the dissolved volatile contents of olivine-hosted melt inclusions from cinder cones in the Lassen segment of the Cascade arc are used to investigate dehydration of subducted oceanic lithosphere, magma formation in the sub-arc mantle wedge, and mafic magma storage and evolution in the crust. Relatively young, hot oceanic lithosphere subducts beneath the Cascade arc. The hydrogen-isotope and trace-element compositions of melt inclusions, when integrated with thermo-petrologic modeling, demonst

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18

Preston, Leiph Alexander. "Simultaneous inversion of 3D velocity structure, hypocenter locations, and reflector geometry in Cascadia /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/6816.

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19

Rondenay, Stéphane. "Teleseismic imaging of the southeastern Canadian Shield and Cascadia subduction zone." Thesis, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/13148.

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This thesis is divided into two parts that illustrate different approaches to multichannel analysis of broadband, teleseismic array data. In Part I, a range of established techniques is applied to data from a teleseismic experiment conducted across the southeastern Canadian Shield. Multi-event SKS-splitting results yield an average delay time of 0.57±0.22 s and a direction of fast polarization of N93° E± 18° for the region, which is consistent with an earlier interpretation of fossil strain fields in the lithosphere. Profiling of radial receiver functions reveals an abrupt, northward thinning

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20

Gulick, Sean Paul Sandifer. "Seismic studies of the Southern Cascadia subduction zone near the Mendocino triple junction /." Diss., 1999. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:9955151.

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21

Fabritius, R. Axel. "Shear-wave anisotrophy across the Cascadia Subduction Zone from a linear seismograph array." Thesis, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/29367.

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22

Balfour, Natalie Joy. "Sources of seismic hazard in British Columbia: what controls earthquakes in the crust?" Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/3636.

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This thesis examines processes causing faulting in the North American crust in the northern Cascadia subduction zone. A combination of seismological methods, including source mechanism determination, stress inversion and earthquake relocations are used to determine where earthquakes occur and what forces influence faulting. We also determine if forces that control faulting can be monitored using seismic anisotropy. Investigating the processes that contribute to faulting in the crust is important because these earthquakes pose significant hazard to the large population centres in British

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23

Brillon, Camille. "Onshore/offshore structure of the Northern Cascadia subduction zone from Bayesian receiver function inversion." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/3969.

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This study applies Bayesian inversion to receiver functions (RF) to estimate local shear wave velocity (Vs) structure of the crust and upper mantle beneath two ocean bottom seismometers (OBS) offshore, and two land-based seismometers onshore Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada. We use passive seismic data recorded on NC89, a permanent NEPTUNE (North-east Pacific Time-series Undersea Networked Experiments) OBS located on the continental slope, and on a temporary autonomous KECK foundation OBS, KEBB, located at the Endeavour segment of the Juan de Fuca Ridge (JdFR). The two land based

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24

Janiszewski, Helen A. "New Insights on the Structure of the Cascadia Subduction Zone from Amphibious Seismic Data." Thesis, 2018. https://doi.org/10.7916/D8HH7RW8.

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A new onshore-offshore seismic dataset from the Cascadia subduction zone was used to characterize mantle lithosphere structure from the ridge to the volcanic arc, and plate interface structure offshore within the seismogenic zone. The Cascadia Initiative (CI) covered the Juan de Fuca plate offshore the northwest coast of the United States with an ocean bottom seismometer (OBS) array for four years; this was complemented by a simultaneous onshore seismic array. Teleseismic data recorded by this array allows the unprecedented imaging of an entire tectonic plate from its creation at the ridge thr

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25

Wang, Carl X. "Structure of the Cascadia subduction zone off Vancouver Island : new evidence from seismic refraction data." Thesis, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/7688.

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The Cascadia subduction zone forms the present convergent margin between the North American plate and the oceanic Gorda, Juan de Fuca and Explorer plates from approximately 40°N to 50°N. This thesis examines a subset of the offshore-onshore seismic refraction/wide-angle reflection data recorded during the RECAP'89 (Reflectionrefraction Experiment: Cascadia Accretionary Prism). RECAP'89 was a "piggyback" experiment in which The University of British Columbia deployed four continuous recording seismographs at eight land sites on the west coast of Vancouver Island to record airgun shots fired

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26

Valentine, David W. "Late Holocene stratigraphy, Humboldt Bay, California evidence for late Holocene paleoseismicity of the southern Cascadia subduction zone /." 1992. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/285528147.html.

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27

McNeill, Andrew Floyd. "Contribution of post-critical reflections to ground motions from mega-thrust events in the Cascadia subduction zone." Thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/1872.

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In this study the contribution of post-critical reflections at the oceanic Moho to ground motions from mega-thrust events in the Cascadia subduction zone is examined. The hypothesis to be tested is that the Moho post-critical reflection is a primary component of the S-wave-field at large epicentral distances from a subduction zone thrust earthquake. Pseudo 3-D modeling using P-SV pseudo-spectral synthetic seismograms and ray tracing amplitude calculations are employed. Double couple line sources are initiated within a structural model for the Cascadia subduction zone that incorporates an updat

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28

Patton, Jason Robert. "Late holocene coseismic subsidence and coincident tsunamis, southern Cascadia subduction zone, Hookton Slough, WIGI (Humboldt Bay), California." 2004. http://oregonstate.edu/~pattonj/thesis/PATTON_2004.pdf.

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29

Sypus, Matthew. "Models of tsunamigenic earthquake rupture along the west coast of North America." Thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/11436.

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The west coast of North America faces the risk of tsunamis generated by seismic rupture in three regions, namely, the Cascadia subduction zone extending from southwestern British Columbia to northern California, the southern Queen Charlotte margin in the Haida Gwaii area, and the Winona Basin just northeast of Vancouver Island. In this thesis, I construct tsunamigenic rupture models with a 3-D elastic half-space dislocation model for these three regions. The tsunami risk is the highest along the Cascadia coast, and many tsunami source models have been developed and used in the past. In efforts

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30

Belanger, Kevin Karl. "New observations of relative sea level from the Northern Cascadia Subduction Zone: Cordilleran ice sheet history and mantle rheology." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/4558.

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New relative sea-level (RSL) observations dating from the late Pleistocene and early Holocene, during and after the collapse of the Cordilleran ice-sheet (CIS), are provided for two regions in southern coastal British Columbia. They record the glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) response of the Earth to the changing surface load of the waning CIS. The data provide a new RSL curve for Sechelt, on the mainland coast north of Vancouver, and extend and revise a previously constructed curve for Barkley Sound on the west coast of Vancouver Island. The observations create a new profile of RSL curve

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31

Li, Xiao-qing 1963. "Deconvolving orbital surface waves for the source duration of large earthquakes and modeling the receiver functions for the earth structure beneath a broadband seismometer array in the Cascadia subduction zone." Thesis, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/29290.

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32

Seemann, Mark R. "A Disaster risk management approach to seismic risk on Vancouver Island, British Columbia." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/4402.

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Communities on Vancouver Island, British Columbia face significant exposure to damaging earthquakes. This seismic risk arises not only from the Island’s proximity to crustal, sub-crustal and subduction earthquake sources in the Cascadia Subduction Zone and from their associated aftershock sequences, but also from environmental (natural and human-made) and social vulnerabilities in Vancouver Island communities and their current capacities to respond and recover from a large seismic event. Seeking to 1) assist community officials and the general public to better understand the scope of the eart

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33

Graham, Audrey. "Geometry, kinematics, and Quaternary activity of the brittle Leech River fault zone, southern Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada." Thesis, 2018. https://dspace.library.uvic.ca//handle/1828/9047.

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Southern Vancouver Island lies on the forearc of the Cascadia subduction zone, north of a concave bend in the plate boundary centred around the Olympic Mountains. The bend in the margin coincides with a significant decrease in northward-directed trench-parallel forearc migration, and a network of active crustal faults in the Puget Lowland east of the Olympic Mountains accommodates permanent north-south shortening and transpression. The nature of forearc deformation on southern Vancouver Island is less well constrained, due in part to the unknown extent and kinematics of active crustal faulting

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34

Hutchinson, Jesse. "Delineation of the Nootka fault zone and structure of the shallow subducted southern Explorer plate as revealed by the Seafloor Earthquake Array Japan Canada Cascadia Experiment (SeaJade)." Thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/11768.

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At the northern extent of the Cascadia subduction zone, the subducting Explorer and Juan de Fuca plates interact across a translational deformation zone, known as the Nootka fault zone. The Seafloor Earthquake Array Japan-Canada Cascadia Experiment (SeaJade) was designed to study this region. In two parts (SeaJade I and II, deployed from July – September 2010 and January – September 2014), seismic data from the SeaJade project has led to several important discoveries. Hypocenter distributions from SeaJade I and II indicate primary and secondary conjugate faults within the Nootka fault zone. Co

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35

Gowan, Evan James. "Glacio-isostatic adjustment modelling of improved relative sea-level observations in southwestern British Columbia, Canada." Thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/263.

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In the late Pleistocene, most of British Columbia and northern Washington was covered by the Cordilleran ice sheet. The weight of the ice sheet caused up to several hundred metres of depression of the Earth’s crust. This caused relative sea level to be higher in southwestern British Columbia despite lower global eustatic sea level. After deglaciation, postglacial rebound of the crust caused sea level to quickly drop to below present levels. The rate of sea-level fall is used here to determine the rheology of the mantle in southwestern British Columbia. The first section of this study de

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36

Hart, Garret L. "Isotope study of magmatic processes and crustal recycling in subduction zone environments in the cascade range of northwestern U.S." 2002. http://www.library.wisc.edu/databases/connect/dissertations.html.

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37

Goldfinger, Chris. "Active deformation of the Cascadia forearc : implications for great earthquake potential in Oregon and Washington." Thesis, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/36664.

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Nine west-northwest-trending faults on the continental margin of Oregon and Washington, between 43° 05'N and 470 20'N latitude, have been mapped using seismic reflection, sidescan sonar, submersibles, and swath bathymetry. Five of these oblique faults are found on both the Juan de Fuca and North American plates, and offset abyssal plain sedimentary units left-laterally from 2.0 to 5.5 km. These five faults extend 8-18 km northwestward from the deformation front. The remaining four faults, found only on the North American plate, are also inferred to have a left-lateral slip sense. The age of th

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