Academic literature on the topic 'Case Dilemma'

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Journal articles on the topic "Case Dilemma"

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Figar, Nadica, and Biljana Đorđević. "Managing an Ethical Dilemma." Economic Themes 54, no. 3 (2016): 345–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ethemes-2016-0017.

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Abstract An ethical dilemma is a situation of making a choice between two or more alternatives. An agent is in unpleasant and difficult situation because he/she often needs to make a choice between ethical and unethical alternatives, and when it comes to the ethical alternatives, he/she should choose the best one. Selection reflects to a large number of principals, so this situation causes conflicts between different levels of ethical dilemmas, but also the conflicts within the same level. These conflicts can be solved by applying the hierarchy and priority rules which are incorporated in the procedure and, in particular,in the strategy for solving the ethical dilemmas. Through many case studies this paper points out the importance of an ethical dilemma in making business decisions, the so-called business ethical dilemma. It is the result of the incompatibilities between altruism, egoism and the common good. Neglecting the need for establishing the compatibility not only creates an ethical dilemma, but it becomes deeper, which is firstly manifested through the loss of reputation of the company, then through decreasing the financial results, and, in the worst case, in closing the company. Therefore, an ethical dilemma must be continuously managed.
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Arora, Jyoti, Pankaj Mehta, Vijay Kumar Roy, Vandita Sharma, and Amit Kumar. "A Case of Diagnostic Dilemma - LCH." Asian Journal of Medical Research 8, no. 3 (2019): PH04—PH07. http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/ajmr.2019.8.3.ph2.

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Tan, Daniel Y. B., Bastiaan C. ter Meulen, Albert Molewijk, and Guy Widdershoven. "Moral case deliberation." Practical Neurology 18, no. 3 (2017): 181–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/practneurol-2017-001740.

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Ethical dilemmas in general are characterised by a choice between two mutually excluding options neither of which is satisfactory, because there always will be a form of moral damage. Within the context of medicine several ethics support services have been developed to support healthcare professionals in dealing with ethical dilemmas, including moral case deliberation. In this article, we describe how moral case deliberation works in daily practice, illustrated with a case example from the neurology ward. The article is meant as an introduction to moral case deliberation according to the dilemma method. We show its relevance to the clinic and the context needed to put it into practice.
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Lohitha, Gadiraju Leela, T. N. Abhinav, P. Parthasarathi, M. Monica, Koppula Yadav Rao, and A. Sheetal. "Ethical Dilemmas and Empathy Towards Patient Care among Dental Students in Telangana State - A Cross-Sectional Study." Journal of Multidisciplinary Dental Research 10, no. 2 (2024): 43–49. https://doi.org/10.38138/jmdr/v10i2.17.

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Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the association between Ethical dilemmas and Empathy among dental house surgeons of Telangana state. Methodology: A Cross-sectional study was conducted among House surgeons of 7 dental institutions in Telangana state in month of September 2022. A 26-item standardized closed ended questionnaire was administered to study participants which comprise of two domains – dilemmas and empathy. Dilemmas were presented as 6-clinical case scenarios depicting various principles of ethics while Empathy was measured using the HPS-version of Jeferson scale questionnaire. The questionnaire was distributed to the study participants and collected on the same day. Descriptives and chi-square test was done to determine the association between dilemmas and levels of empathy. Results: A total of 382 house surgeons, 81.4% were females with mean age of 23.23 ± 1.098. Participants showed high respect for autonomy, with 84.6% in scenario 1 and 64.5% in scenario 2. However, respect for non-maleficence was lower which is about 31.7% & 48.1% in scenarios 3 & 4 respectively. Respect for principle of beneficence was 22% while truthfulness was 74.3%. Among the study participants, 46.3% exhibited moderate level of empathy. There exists no association between dilemmic situation and levels empathy except for truthfulness. Conclusion: Ethical dilemmas are common during dental practice and the way they are handled differ among dentists. Although most of them were empathetic there is no significant association between dilemma and levels of empathy except for truthfulness. Keywords: Ethical Principles, Dilemma, Empathy, Dental ethics, Case Scenarios
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Lin, Xiqi. "Exploring the Path of Female High School Students out of the Predicament of Survival in Rural Poor Areas -- Taking Huaping Women's High School as an Example." Lecture Notes in Education Psychology and Public Media 85, no. 1 (2025): 109–14. https://doi.org/10.54254/2753-7048/2025.21102.

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The socioeconomic disparities and systemic barriers encountered by female students in rural China have been extensively documented, with multifaceted challenges stemming from historical, geographical, and economic determinants. These factors have resulted in significant educational inequities and limited access to opportunities. In this context, the establishment of Huaping Girls' High School represents a groundbreaking educational intervention, functioning as China's pioneering tuition-free institution exclusively for female students. Through case analysis and literature analysis, this paper takes Huaping Girls' Middle School as an example to explore ways for rural female high school students in poor areas to break through the survival dilemma. In addition, this paper also concludes that the survival predicament of rural female high school students in poor areas is an economic dilemma, social dilemma, health dilemma and educational and cultural dilemma. However, the superficial knowledge learned through these dilemmas is still very simple, so other investigation methods are needed. People can also use case analysis, literature research and questionnaire survey.
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Parrish, John M. "Defining Dilemmas Down: The Case of 24." Essays in Philosophy 10, no. 1 (2009): 4–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/eip20091019.

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One of the most important concepts in the field of political ethics is the idea of a moral dilemma – understood as a situation in which an agent’s public responsibilities and moral imperatives conflict in such a way that no matter what the agent does she will in some way be committing a moral wrong. In the aftermath of the events of September 11, 2001, the notion of a moral dilemma has undergone a profound reconceptualization in American political discourse, and there has perhaps been no more important cultural forum for that conceptual revision than the quintessential post-9/11 melodrama, FOX Television’s 24. This paper first describes and then critically evaluates America’s new model moral dilemma as portrayed on 24. Focusing specifically on 24’s Season Five (the year the show won the Emmy for Best Dramatic Series), the paper shows how 24’s creators have substituted in the public mind almost a parody of the standard philosophical account of a moral dilemma in place of the traditional notion. Their methods for this conceptual revision have included both an extravagant, even baroque portrayal of the grand dilemmas which confront Jack Bauer and his fellow patriots, on the one hand, and on the other, a subtle de-valuing of the moral stakes in the more pedestrian variety of moral conflicts Bauer and company must overcome in their quest to keep America safe whatever the cost.
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Du, Xinyi. "Anxiety, Dilemma and Transcendence - The Case of Lilly's Drawing Process." Communications in Humanities Research 44, no. 1 (2024): 149–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-7064/44/20240083.

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In Virginia Woolf's classic work To the Lighthouse, although Lily is not the main character, the idea of bisexuality embodied in her makes her one of the most important objects in the study of feminist thought. This paper intends to start from the rough painting process of Lily in To the Lighthouse to discover the content of Lily beyond feminist thought. Through the study, it finds that Lili not only symbolizes the beautiful personality of bisexuality, but she is also full of anxiety and dilemmas: the dilemma of the mind when creating, the anxiety about the right of free choice, the anxiety about the meaning of life existence, and the dilemmas of communication between human beings and human beings, between human beings and the ego, and the book also puts forward the way of transcending anxiety and dilemmas. The book also suggests ways to transcend anxiety and dilemma. Through analyzing the process of Lili's painting, this paper uncovers the anxious and difficult side of Lili's image, which not only enriches the previous research on Lili's image (bisexual homoeroticism), but also further reveals her complex and varied inner spiritual world, and these discoveries provide us with a more comprehensive and in-depth perspective for understanding and interpreting this important character in this masterpiece of literature.
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Du, Xinyi. "Anxiety, Dilemma and Transcendence - The Case of Lilly's Drawing Process." Communications in Humanities Research 36, no. 1 (2024): 158–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-7064/36/20240083.

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In Virginia Woolf's classic work To the Lighthouse, although Lily is not the main character, the idea of bisexuality embodied in her makes her one of the most important objects in the study of feminist thought. This paper intends to start from the rough painting process of Lily in To the Lighthouse to discover the content of Lily beyond feminist thought. Through the study, it finds that Lili not only symbolizes the beautiful personality of bisexuality, but she is also full of anxiety and dilemmas: the dilemma of the mind when creating, the anxiety about the right of free choice, the anxiety about the meaning of life existence, and the dilemmas of communication between human beings and human beings, between human beings and the ego, and the book also puts forward the way of transcending anxiety and dilemmas. The book also suggests ways to transcend anxiety and dilemma. Through analyzing the process of Lili's painting, this paper uncovers the anxious and difficult side of Lili's image, which not only enriches the previous research on Lili's image (bisexual homoeroticism), but also further reveals her complex and varied inner spiritual world, and these discoveries provide us with a more comprehensive and in-depth perspective for understanding and interpreting this important character in this masterpiece of literature.
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Turkmen, Ismail, Bugra Alpan, Salih Soylemez, Feyza Unlu Ozkan, Koray Unay, and Korhan Ozkan. "Osteoid Osteoma of the Great Toe Mimicking Osteomyelitis: A Case Report and Review of the Literature." Case Reports in Orthopedics 2013 (2013): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/234048.

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Osteoid osteomas are well-known benign tumors, seen generally in long bones. When seen in phalanxes or toes, they can cause a diagnostic dilemma. A young male presented to us with complaints of enlargement of the great toe and severe pain. He had had an ingrown toe-nail operation before, and this situation caused a diagnostic dilemma. In this case report, we emphasize that osteoid osteomas can cause diagnostic dilemmas and it should be kept in mind as a differential diagnosis.
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Suomi, Kati, Päivikki Kuoppakangas, Ulla Hytti, Charles Hampden-Turner, and Jukka Kangaslahti. "Focusing on dilemmas challenging reputation management in higher education." International Journal of Educational Management 28, no. 4 (2014): 461–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijem-04-2013-0046.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the dilemmas that challenge reputation management in the context of higher education (HE). Design/methodology/approach – The paper introduces one Finnish multidisciplinary master's degree programme as a case in point. The empirical data comprises a student survey and semi-structured interviews with internal and external stakeholders whose work relates to the master's degree programme in question. Findings – The findings identify different types of dilemmas arising from collaboration between stakeholders of HE. Practical implications – The paper demonstrates how the dilemma-reconciliation method can be used to enhance reputation management in HE. Originality/value – The novelty of the paper is in applying dilemma theory (Hampden-Turner and Trompenaars, 2000) in parallel with reputation theories. Dilemma theory attributes reputation risks to conflicting aims.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Case Dilemma"

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Riendeau, Natalie. "The conservative's dilemma: The case of Michael Oakeshott." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/6099.

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The subject of the present thesis is the political thought of the 20th century British philosopher Michael Oakeshott. More precisely, we are interested with the relationship Oakeshott establishes and believes ought to exist between political theory and active politics. As we will show, because of his critique and opposition to what he terms Rationalism and Ideology, Oakeshott severely limits the definition and the role he attributes to political theory and the political theorist. Political theory and the role of the theorist are restricted to such an extent that when Oakeshott himself theorizes the state, we argue that he has tremendous difficulty respecting his own criteria. Therefore, we are interested in taking Oakeshott seriously, in order to see if he himself is able to respect the strict criteria he establishes regarding political theory when he goes about theorizing the state.
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Granlund, Henrik, and Carl-Fredrik Wållgren. "A Subcontractors Dilemma : Two Case Studies of Subcontractors' Internationalisation." Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, Business Administration, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-134.

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<p>Subcontractors today find themselves in an increasingly fierce competitive environment, much due to the famous or should we say infamous globalisation. When the big important clients of subcontractors expand over boarders the subcontractor might be obliged to follow them, especially if holding competences of particular value to the outsourcing principal. A subcontractor that thus follow a client abroad might take a great leap, both in regards to what cultural differences or geographical distance might exist as well as the risk associated with such an investment. In this thesis we have highlighted the situation of these so-called client-following subcontractors. The purpose is to investigate how well client-following subcontractors take advantage of opportunities in a new market and how the relationship with the client has affected this.</p><p>We found that a qualitative study would best serve our purpose and to be more specific we chose the method of case studies. Two Swedish subcontractors was selected through certain criteria and contact via an outsourcing principal. These two cases was researched through in-depth interviews but also by gathering secondary data such as financial reports. To further increase our understanding of the research area we put significant focus on building a sound frame of reference. Three main theoretical areas was emphasized; first the internationalisation process, second customer relationship and trust, and third strategic choices for subcontractors.</p><p>In conclusion we found distinct differences in the underlying strategies of the two cases that could be connected to just what laid behind the decision to internationalise. We could develop this picture by looking at the relationship between the subcontractor and its major client in both instances. A relationship in which more long-term objectives are taken into account had a positive effect on the expansionary strategy of the subcontractor.</p><br><p>Underleverantörer idag möter allt hårdare konkurrens vilket till mångt och mycket beror på den välkända, eller ska vi säga den ökända, globaliseringen. När stora och viktiga kunder till underleverantörer expanderar över gränserna kan underleverantörerna vara tvungna att följa efter, speciellt i de fall där dessa har kompetenser av särskilt värde för uppdragsgivaren. En underleverantör som följer efter sin kund kan därför ta ett stort steg, både gällande kulturskillnader och geografiskt avstånd men också den risk som är förknippad med en sådan investering. I denna uppsats har vi belyst situationen för dessa så kallade klientefterföljande underleverantörer. Syftet är att undersöka hur väl klientefterföljande underleverantörer utnyttjar möjligheterna i en ny marknad och hur relationen med klienten har påverkat detta.</p><p>Vi fann att en kvalitativ studie bäst tjänade vårt syfte, för att vara mer exakt valde vi att göra fallstudier. Två svenska underleverantörer valdes utifrån vissa kriterier och via kontakt med en uppdragsgivare. Dessa var sedan undersökta genom djupgående intervjuer men också genom sekundärdata som exempelvis finansiella rapporter. För att ytterligare öka vår förståelse av ämnet lade vi extra vikt på att bygga en gedigen referensram. Tre teoretiska huvudområden identifierades; först själva internationaliseringsprocessen, sedan kundrelationen och tillit, och sist strategiska val för underleverantörer.</p><p>Sammanfattningsvis fann vi distinkta skillnader i de underliggande strategierna av de två fallstudierna vilka kunde kopplas till vad som låg bakom beslutet att internationalisera. Vi kunde utveckla bilden genom att titta på relationen mellan underleverantören och dess huvudkund i båda fallen. En relation som tog mer hänsyn till långtgående mål hade en positiv effekt på den expansiva strategin hos underleverantörerna.</p>
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Noor, Ikram. "India-Pakistan Conflict –A Case Study since 1998." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-21868.

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Swift, Thomas K. "Extending dilemma theory : the case for trade association team leaders." Thesis, Durham University, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.402218.

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Hyung, Daejo. "Case study : the ethical dilemma of autobiographical documentary - theory and practice." Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.500065.

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Shariff, Shaheen. "Managing the dilemma of competing rights, the case of the Three Books." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0022/MQ51471.pdf.

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Settelmaier, Elisabeth. "Transforming the culture of teaching and learning in science: the promise of moral dilemma stories: an interpretive case study." Thesis, Curtin University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/1231.

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It has become a habit of our time to lament about the state of the world and simultaneously profess that there is not really anything we, as individuals, can do about it because there is just too much that needs fixing. In this thesis, I challenge this view on the basis that science teachers in particular are in a unique position to raise students' awareness of problematic issues in relation to the world around them by providing students with necessary knowledge. However, sound knowledge does not equate with a positive attitude, this is why I contend that providing students with factual knowledge might not be enough to enable them to participate in the public discourse on making the world a 'better place' in which to live. Given the pervading influence of science on our daily lives, this discourse necessarily includes a focus on science, scientific research and its uses. However, many science educators traditionally have taught science without addressing ethical questions. I argue that the inclusion of a discourse on ethical science-related issues into science teaching might open an avenue for science educators to offer students opportunity for practising their future engagement in the public discourse about science by learning to reflect critically and collaboratively on their attitudes, beliefs and values. This thesis presents an interpretive case study, situated in the 7th Moment of Qualitative Research, which investigated the planning and implementation of a specially designed 'Ethics in Science' curriculum, in the context of national curriculum reform in Austria. The 'Ethics in Science' curriculum was implemented in two science classes in a public senior high school in Austria by a biology teacher and a mathematics/physics teacher.The study explored the appropriateness of a science teaching approach that uses dilemma stories as a pedagogical tool for initiating individual reflection and classroom discourse on ethical issues. The study was designed as a 'bricolage', drawing from ethnography, hermeneutic-phenomenology, feminism and biographical research. Autobiography caused me to engage in critical self-reflection on my own attitudes, beliefs and values, bringing to the fore the relationship between my personal history and my own ethical sensitivities. This was helpful as a 'primer' before engaging students in the act of reflection. The use of multiple methods for data-generation served the purpose of crystallisation. Integral philosophy and critical constructivism were theoretical referents for my research on the teaching and learning. The Theory of Transformative Learning and a perspective on moral learning that combines several types of ethics served as a referent for interpreting the analysis of student learning. I have drawn on the multiple perspectives of the students, teachers and myself as the researcher. It was very important to me to maintain the participants' original voices as often as possible in order to establish 'polyvocality'. Findings indicate that the teaching approach using dilemmas led to critical thinking, in some cases to critical self-reflection, and seemed to help with initiating a classroom discourse. Overall, it appears that the dilemma teaching approach can promote rational, social and emotional learning. On the teachers' side, this type of teaching seemed to challenge the teachers' existing skills with regard to facilitation and moderation of class discussion and the self-restraint needed to avoid imposing their opinion on students.An issue for the teachers concerned their uncertainty about when to intervene in group-processes. The data-analysis also led to seemingly contradictory results which I interpreted using a dialectical 'dilemma' framework wherein the synthesis of two contradictory poles serves as a starting point for a higher level of understanding. I identified seven 'pedagogical dilemmas' - pedagogical because they are related to teaching and learning in the context of a dilemma teaching approach, and 'dilemma' because they require a choice on the side of the educator who intends to use a dilemma teaching approach. These pedagogical dilemmas were related to the dilemma stories, the individual reflection phases, the collaborative discourse phases, the ideal frequency of dilemma units, the teachers' skills, so-called problem students, and the time-requirements in relation to the dilemma units.
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Danjoux, Ilan. "Positive rights or economic growth, the development dilemma; a South African case study." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2002. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/MQ65616.pdf.

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Ayayi, Ayi J. "Government contracting in underdeveloped countries| An ethical dilemma - case of Togo (West Africa)." Thesis, Baker College (Michigan), 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3616299.

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<p> Although the subject of ethics has been widely studied, no research has addressed the dilemma faced by government procurement professionals in underdeveloped countries, especially Togo. The purpose of this case study was to analyze insiders&rsquo; views concerning ethical dilemmas in public procurement for government contracting professionals in Togo. The study was based on deontological and teleological ethics. Research questions addressed ethical issues that are likely to arise from inappropriate interference by Togo government official in the public procurement process, and perceptions of public acquisition professionals regarding Togo government officials&rsquo; influence on contracting officers&rsquo; decision making. Data collection included interviews, observations, and documents. Findings showed that even though there are regulations in place, most public procurement professionals sometimes make unethical decisions, both because they are pressured to do so and because they are neither well-remunerated nor well-trained. Togo acquisition staff regularly deal with corruption, impunity, deception, and risk of retaliation. Based on results of this study, it is recommended that ethics training be established to improve Togo&rsquo;s public contracting system and that the training be sanctioned by a three-level professional certification similar to the one in the United States. Further research could involve surveying other African nations to determine the extent to which public acquisition staff see interference by government officials.</p>
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Swann, Sebastian Paul. "The Tientsin incident (1939) : a case-study of Japan's imperial dilemma in China." Thesis, University of London, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313623.

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Books on the topic "Case Dilemma"

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LeSage, Edd. The commissioner's dilemma: Student's manual. Institute of Public Administration of Canada, 1985.

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Mukokoma, Maurice. The motivation dilemma: A case of Uganda. Uganda Martyrs University Book Series, 2016.

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McDonnell, Lorraine. The dilemma of teacher policy. Rand, 1989.

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Center for Women in Jewish Law (Jerusalem) and Schechter Institute of Jewish Studies (Jerusalem), eds. Jewish law watch: The agunah dilemma : case study. Schechter Institute for Jewish Studies, 2000.

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A, Kane Rosalie, and Caplan Arthur L, eds. Ethical conflicts in the management of home care: The case manager's dilemma. Springer, 1993.

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Tennant, Edward E. Diminished responsibility manslaughter: The on-going case disposal dilemma. Minerva, 1995.

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Carniol, Ben. Case critical: The dilemma of social work in Canada. Between the Lines, 1987.

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Carniol, Ben. Case critical: The dilemma of social work in Canada. Between the Lines, 1987.

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Gupta, Ashis. Ecological nightmares and management dilemma: The case of Bhopal. Ajanta Publications, 1991.

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Singer, L. R. Adult probation and juvenile supervision: Beyond the care-control dilemma. Avebury, 1989.

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Book chapters on the topic "Case Dilemma"

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Gorse, Keith M., Francis Feld, and Robert O. Blanc. "Foreign Dilemma." In Athletic Training Case Scenarios. Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003522676-68.

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Buruk, Banu, Abdullah Yildiz, Gamze Gürcan, et al. "Case Discussions." In Ethical Dilemma in Psychiatry. Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-56211-2_6.

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Howle, Nicola. "Older person - ethical dilemma." In Dietetic and Nutrition Case Studies. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119163411.ch6.

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Atwell, Mary Welek. "Sovereignty and Federalism: Texas as a Case Study." In An American Dilemma. Palgrave Macmillan US, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137270375_8.

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Naitthani, Pratiba. "Extremity of Exclusion – The Case of Jammu Kashmir." In Dilemma in Politics. Routledge India, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003518389-2.

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Pitt, Joseph C. "The Dilemma of Case Studies." In Philosophy of Engineering and Technology. Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0820-4_10.

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Brock-Utne, John G. "Case 55: A Diagnostic Dilemma." In Anesthesia in Low-Resourced Settings. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-77654-1_55.

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Atwell, Mary Welek. "The Execution of a Foreign National: The Case of Angel Breard." In An American Dilemma. Palgrave Macmillan US, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137270375_4.

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Atwell, Mary Welek. "Avena: Mexico v. United States and the Case of Jose Medellin." In An American Dilemma. Palgrave Macmillan US, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137270375_7.

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Abu el Ata, Nabil, and Maurice J. Perks. "Prescriptive Production: A Case Study." In Solving the Dynamic Complexity Dilemma. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54310-4_22.

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Conference papers on the topic "Case Dilemma"

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Pikas, Joseph L. "Case Histories of External Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion underneath Disbonded Coatings." In CORROSION 1996. NACE International, 1996. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1996-96198.

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Abstract External microbiological influenced corrosion (MIC) underneath disbonded pipeline coating systems is a serious dilemma in the industry. In the past and even today, it has not been recognized as such because it has been primarily mistaken for galvanic corrosion. Due to the type of coating materials used in the past, the cleaning process or lack of it, and application methods used, all coating systems have the propensity to develop defects and pinholes where disbondment and this type of microbial corrosion could occur1. In addition, the pipeline may or may not have had cathodic protection initially and/or consistently applied. Given these factors and the interaction of bacteria from the soil, moisture availability, and temperature of the pipeline, this paper will discuss the role that microbes play in the disbondment process, thus resulting in corrosion of an underground pipeline. Several case histories, laboratory results, and field findings will be presented.
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Hu, An, Shu-Min Chen, and Chenglian Liu. "The dilemmas and challenges of academic misconduct in information forensics--A case study to Indian Cryptographer." In 2024 14th International Conference on Information Technology in Medicine and Education (ITME). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/itme63426.2024.00175.

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Gullapalli, D., S. Ganti, S. S. Kommineni, A. Tipparthi, and M. Ali. "A Case of Dermatologic Dilemma With Shock." In American Thoracic Society 2024 International Conference, May 17-22, 2024 - San Diego, CA. American Thoracic Society, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2024.209.1_meetingabstracts.a1610.

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Ghiya, Rahul, Bhibukalyani Das, and Indranil Ghosh. "A0038 A Rare Case of Cephalic Tetanus: Diagnostic Dilemma." In 20th Annual Conference of Indian Society of Neuroanaesthesiology and Critical Care (ISNACC). Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Private Ltd., 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1684145.

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Zhao, Zizhen, Jing Du, and Jixia Wu. "A Experimental Research on Impact-Factor of Trust in Cooperation Dilemma." In 2011 International Conference on Control, Automation and Systems Engineering (CASE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccase.2011.5997856.

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Lin, Wei. "Reappealing the Case of Unjust Enrichment and Its Dilemma and Resolution." In Third International Conference on Social Science, Public Health and Education (SSPHE 2019). Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.200205.026.

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Reid, B., Z. Berg, and R. P. Nayak. "Diagnostic Dilemma: Discordant Results in a Case of Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumonia." In American Thoracic Society 2020 International Conference, May 15-20, 2020 - Philadelphia, PA. American Thoracic Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2020.201.1_meetingabstracts.a4987.

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Kansal, Amritpal, Vishal Chopra, Amitesh Gupta, et al. "A Case Of Wegner's Granulomatosis With Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Diagnostic Dilemma." In American Thoracic Society 2012 International Conference, May 18-23, 2012 • San Francisco, California. American Thoracic Society, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2012.185.1_meetingabstracts.a5462.

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Zahedi, E., and H. M. Attar. "The dilemma of BME research projects in developing countries: A case study." In 2011 33rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iembs.2011.6090610.

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Geriani, D., and R. Sengupta. "An Atypical Case of Miliary Lung Nodules Presenting as a Diagnostic Dilemma." In American Thoracic Society 2021 International Conference, May 14-19, 2021 - San Diego, CA. American Thoracic Society, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2021.203.1_meetingabstracts.a3987.

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Reports on the topic "Case Dilemma"

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Vásquez, José. A prisoner's dilemma classroom activity (video case study). The Economics Network, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.53593/n2992a.

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Alenezi, Ali, Athary Saleem, Hamad Alajmi, Dalal Al Husainan, Odai Al Shadifat, and Ahmed Bader. Intraoperatively Diagnosed Double Cystic Duct During Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: A Case Report of a Surgical Dilemma for the Operating Surgeons. Science Repository, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.31487/j.ajscr.2024.01.04.

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Introduction and Importance: A double cystic duct with a single gallbladder is one of the extremely uncommon variations of the cystic duct and only a few cases were reported in literature. Case Presentation: A 33-year-old female, with an unremarkable medical history, presented to the emergency department with a 2-day history of right upper quadrant abdominal (RUQ) pain. The abdominal pain was gradually increasing in intensity radiating to the back and was associated with anorexia and multiple episodes of vomiting. Abdominal examination revealed RUQ pain and tenderness. Abdominal ultrasonography was performed, showing a markedly distended gallbladder with evidence of a few calculi one of which was impacted at the neck. laparoscopic cholecystectomy was done within 2 days of admission during which another luminal structure was identified that suggested a double cystic duct. Clinical Discussion: Anomalies of the biliary tree are common with the classical anatomical picture presenting in only 33% of cholecystectomy cases. However, the presence of a double cystic duct is a rare variation, especially in the case of a single gallbladder. The identification of such anomaly can be achieved preoperatively using imaging modalities or it can be identified during the surgical procedure itself. such identification reduces the chances of postoperative comorbidities. Conclusion: Pre-operative identification of biliary tract anomalies by different imaging modalities is limited. Hence the importance of cautiousness and achieving a proper critical view of safety intra-operatively to prevent possible complications intra- and post-operatively. Our case report emphasizes the diagnostic and surgical challenges of the double cystic duct.
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Khan, Sarosh R., and Inder J. Ruprah. To Bind or Not to Bind: A Fiscal Policy Dilemma in the Caribbean. Inter-American Development Bank, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008450.

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Given that the Caribbean region remains open to external vulnerabilities, fiscal policy is a critical tool in managing debt sustainability. But since fiscal outcomes have been persistently poor in the region, it is important to assess the appropriateness of fiscal rules as a device to impose fiscal discipline. This Policy Brief juxtaposes the historical fiscal outcomes against political outcomes to show that the current system is not functioning. It then develops a case for introducing fiscal rules over time but argues that a slow and deliberate movement to creating and implementing such rules may be the best approach for the Caribbean countries. However, it also points out the introduction of adjustment programs may also represent opportunities to quicken such implementation.
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Brandusescu, Ana. The Challenges of Accountability in AI for Immigration: The IRCC and Canadian AI Governance. Balsillie School of International Affairs, 2025. https://doi.org/10.51644/bcs012.

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The use of AI in the IRCC continues to be a topic of debate, especially regarding ethical concerns and the potential for harm. While AI has been used to streamline processes, several of its uses by the IRCC have raised concerns. The key characteristics of IRCC applicants are location, age and gender. Each comes with its own set of issues. Even when attempting to use debiasing tools, developers risk “removing characteristics that could be important for decisions like refugee determinations.” This can cause concerns, especially when AI is used in departments or agencies that experience high public scrutiny, such as the IRCC. Another concerning precedent is the use of facial recognition technology (FRT) findings as evidence in immigration and refugee hearings, where the burden of proof is critical. This case study discusses the governance dilemma about whether to continue with systems that “get the job done” but are opaque and pose a risk to institutional integrity and obligation, or to integrate more transparent processes and human rights safeguards that could make the implementation of some AI tools more difficult.
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Kotlikoff, Laurence J., Guillermo Lagarda, and Gabriel Marin. A Personalized VAT with Capital Transfers: A Reform to Protect Low-Income Households in Mexico. Inter-American Development Bank, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0005028.

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The Value-Added Tax (VAT) is the most prevalent consumption tax globally, yet it is frequently deemed highly regressive. To address this, we propose a Personalized VAT (PVAT) devised in conjunction with a distributional policy. We aim to achieve three objectives: increase revenue collection, achieve progressivity, and disrupt the intergenerational dependency of low-income households. We use Mexico as a case study, showing that eliminating all special VAT regimes and standardizing the rate at 16% could contribute an additional 2.2% of GDP to fiscal revenues. However, such a reform could have severe negative welfare impacts on the poor. To tackle this dilemma, we propose several PVAT scenarios. Our results indicate that a PVAT could be fiscally neutral or even increase revenues by up to 0.83% of GDP, while benefiting the lowest-income households. Lastly, we analyze the general equilibrium effects of a PVAT and various distributional policies, including lump-sum and capital transfers. For this purpose, we employ an overlapping generations model calibrated for Mexico. Our simulations reveal welfare enhancing and output growth results through a PVAT policy that includes capital transfers, thereby presenting a viable strategy for breaking intergenerational dependency.
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Herdem, Münür Sacit. Spain’s Solar Gamble: Lessons in Governance from a Policy Gone Wrong. Balsillie School of International Affairs, 2024. https://doi.org/10.51644/bcs004.

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In a bright, sunlit room in Madrid, Minister of Industry and Tourism Joan Clos was reading the latest reports on Spain’s solar photovoltaic (PV) sector. Spain was witnessing a solar boom due to Royal Decree 661/2007, which offered generous feed-in tariffs (FITs) to encourage investment in solar energy. The Spanish government was aiming to become a leader in renewable energy, to reduce emissions, and to meet EU climate goals. However, in 2008, the government of Prime Minister José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero realized that Spain’s solar PV sector had expanded far beyond expectations and was incurring unsustainable costs for the government. An industry bubble was created as investors rushed to install solar capacity. As a result, the government faced a dilemma: how to maintain Spain’s leadership in renewables without bankrupting the state. The eventual decision to cut the FITs retroactively led to a collapse of the solar PV market, financial losses, legal battles and diminished investor confidence. This case study examines the experience of Spain’s solar PV policy from boom to bust and analyzes the gaps between the policy’s ambitious goals and its implementation. It also discusses potential steps for developing more resilient governmental frameworks for renewable energy technologies such as green hydrogen.
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Lemson, Chris A. The Career Officer Attrition Dilemma: An Underlying Cause. Defense Technical Information Center, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada404354.

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Avis, William Robert. DDR Case Studies. Institute of Development Studies, 2025. https://doi.org/10.19088/k4dd.2025.009.

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This rapid literature review collates available case studies on disarmament, demobilisation and reintegration (DDR). These should be considered illustrative rather than representative of the diversity of experience. It is also important to note that DDR processes are often tailored to adapt to local, national and regional conflict dynamics and, as such, replicability in other contexts may not be possible. Assessing the effectiveness and relevance of DDR programmes is challenging given methodological dilemmas linked to the shortage of baseline data, and a reliance on qualitative or limited, localised quantitative evidence of success or failure in individual dimensions of each programme.
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Schorung, Matthieu. A Geographical Contribution on Interurban Passenger Rail Transportation in the United States. Mineta Transportation Institute, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2022.2212.

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Why does the rail infrastructure of the United States lag behind those of many other developed countries? Where is U.S. high-speed rail? This research approaches this in a dilemma by exploring Amtrak’s traditional rail services and high-speed rail projects in the nation to understand the workings of public rail transportation policies, what they contain, and how they are developed and pursued by the different stakeholders. This research utilizes case studies and a multiscale approach to analyze the territorialization of intercity rail transportation policies. The analysis demonstrates the emergence of a bottom-up approach to projects, notably apparent in the California HSR project and in the modernization of the Cascades corridor. Furthermore, this research concluded that, first, the development of uniform arguments and recommendations to encourage new rail policies emphasizes structuring effects and economic role of high-speed rail, congestion reduction, modal shift. Second, a tangible though uneven pro-rail position exists among public actors at all levels. Stakeholders prioritize improving and modernizing existing corridors for the launch of higher-speed services, and then on hybrid networks that combine different types of infrastructures. Although there are no publicly backed projects for new lines exclusively dedicated to high-speed rail, most of the high-speed corridors are in fact “higher-speed” corridors, some of which are intended to become high-speed at some time in the future.
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Goel, Dr Divanshu, and Dr Manjeet Singh. HYBRID EXTERNAL FIXATION FOR PROXIMAL TIBIAL FRACTURES. World Wide Journals, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36106/ijar/1505336.

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Introduction: Intraarticular fractures of the tibial plateau and periarticular fractures of the proximal tibia, caused by high energy trauma pose a therapeutic dilemma. Such fractures are associated with extensive soft tissue damage with or without compound injury. The management of such high velocity injuries become a challenge to the trauma surgeons. The goals of these periarticular fractures management are 1. Restoration of joint congruity by anatomic reduction 2. Stable xation of fractures thus allowing early movements 3. Proper care of injured soft tissues. In earlier days uniplanar external xation were used with various complications like pin track infections and decreased stability. In this study we present the use of hybrid external xation system which includes Ilizarov ring xator and AO rod external xator connected with indigenously manufactured connecting clamps and short shafts augmented with or without minimal internal xation. The purpose of this study is to assess the utility of this hybrid external xation system and to analyse the functional outcome, soft tissue healing and fracture union. To assess the performance of the Hybrid External Fixator Aim and Objective: in the treatment of different types of proximal tibial fractures, to evaluate the functional outcome, soft tissue healing and fracture union and radiological outcome, to evaluate the biomechanical and biological advantage of hybrid external xator, to assess the utility of the indigenously made connecting clamps. Material and Method: The study included 21 cases of periarticular fractures of the proximal tibia which were treated by use of 5/8th Ilizarov ring, AO tubular external xator and with indigenously manufactured connecting clamps &amp; short shaft in a hybrid mode. All cases were prospectively followed up and studied. Almost all the cases (99%) had sustained Road trafc Accidents (high velocity injuries) except one case which had sustained injury by fall of cement wall over her leg. Minimum follow up – 1.5 months, maximum follow up – 12 months, mean follow up – 6.42 months. All fractures were followed according to a protocol. All fractures were treated with either CLOSED REDUCTION AND HYBRID EXTERNAL FIXATION OR WITH MINIMAL OPEN REDUCTION AND A HYBRID SYSTEM. The study group was consisted of 16 males (76%) and 5 females (24%) with an average age for males of 43.06 years (range 25 to 65) and for females of 53.4 years (range 41 to 59). All the patients were in the age group of 26 to 65 years, mean age is 43.09. In the present s Result: tudy of 21 cases, the use of Hybrid external xation, as a denite treatment, for high – energy proximal tibia bicondylar fractures proved to be benecial.
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