Academic literature on the topic 'Cassava waste'
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Journal articles on the topic "Cassava waste"
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Firdaus, Aneka, and Aditha Verdinan Panae. "THE EFFECT OF ADHESIVE PAPER WASTE WEIGHT PERCENTAGE IN BIOBRIQUET DERIVED FROM CASSAVA SKIN WASTE." Indonesian Journal of Engineering and Science 1, no. 1 (November 21, 2020): 021–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.51630/ijes.v1i1.5.
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Cassava skin waste is waste originating from cassava plants from tapioca flour factories or cassava processed product factories. Indonesia is one of the biggest countries that produces cassava. The number of cassava processing industries in Indonesia is large so that a positive correlation can be drawn that the high amount of cassava processed will produce more cassava skin waste. Based on the results of tests conducted, the higher the composition of the Each cassava can produce 10-15% of cassava skin waste. Cassava skin waste is directly removed, can cause buildup that results in environmental damage. Cassava skin waste is obtained from local farmers, where on average each cassava produces 10-15% of waste. In general, this waste is not used and just thrown away. This research was conducted with the main ingredients of cassava peel waste and adhesive made from used paper. The composition of the mixture of cassava peel and used paper varies, where the percentage by weight of the adhesive starts from 7.0% to 10% with an increase in the composition every 0.5%. Then the biobriquette carbonization process was carried out at a temperature of 400 ° C. The biobriquette characterization was carried out based on ASTM standards to analyze water and ash, volatile matter and heating value. The results of the analysis on the composition of the lowest cassava bark had the highest heating value of 5888 cal / gr with the lowest water, ash and volatile matter content.
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Mabecua, Fastudo, Sebastian Schwede, Carlos Lucas, and Patrik Klintenberg. "Agro-Waste, a Solution for Rural Electrification? Assessing Biomethane Potential of Agro-Waste in Inhambane Province, Southern Mozambique." Water 13, no. 7 (March 30, 2021): 939. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13070939.
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In this study, we investigated the biomethane potential of cassava peels from the four most common varieties of cassava grown in Inhambane Province in Mozambique, Chinhembue, Cussi, Cizangara and Nhassumbi. Agro-wastes from coconut wood and jambolan wood processing were also analyzed to give a complete analysis of the most significant sources of agro-waste in the province. The macromolecular composition (carbohydrates, lipids and proteins) was determined and used to calculate the theoretical maximum biochemical methane potential (BMP). The results show that cassava fiber and cassava peel, which are considered to be waste, are viable resources for biomethane production. Further, the results show that cassava fiber and cassava peel have a higher biomethane potential compared with sawdust, and are therefore more suitable for biomethane production. A study to investigate the effect of toxic cyanogenic glycosides and lignin on cassava peels, using pre-treatment techniques to enhance biogas yield, should be carried out. An estimate of how much electricity can be generated based on the availability of agro-waste (cassava residues) and the amount of biomethane produced in our laboratory experiment was carried out. The amount of electricity that can be produced is enough to provide a valuable contribution to the production process in small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) and in the cassava industry, or some other use in the rural setting.
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Rukmini, Piyantina. "UTILIZATION OF CASSAVA WASTE IN THE PRODUCTION OF PLYWOOD ADHESIVE EKSTENDER WITH DEXTRIN (WITH ACID CATALYST)." Konversi 6, no. 2 (March 28, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/k.v6i2.4756.
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Abstract- Require of manihot Esculinta Crantz in Indonesia rises in every year as growth of Indonesian people, bioethanol industry,and animal food. Raw material that use in this research is cassava wastes. This research aimed to know the utilization of cassava waste, the optimum condition process of dextrin, and to know the variable that influent the utilization of cassava waste in the production of adhesive ekstender ( catalyst concentration and time). The dekstrin process need beaker glass, stirrer, electric stove with oilbatch heater, thermometer, screening 80 mesh. Cassava wastes that keep on several days is burned without water at 800 C for 1 hours. Then drops acid catalyst ion the beaker glass with different concentration. Then the temperature is raised until 1100C for 1 hour. After the drying process, make it cool then screen it in to screener 80 mesh. The results show that on the higher concentration of acid, dextrin will get on the higher concentration. At the certain concentration of acid, dekstrin will not get in the high concentration. Maximum efficiency of the concentration of acid is 0,8 N. Keeping long day for cassava waste can make lower the concentration of dextrin. The best keeping day is the first day until four day. Keywords: Cassava waste, dextrin, ekstender, wood adhesion
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Aisien, Felix Aibuedefe, and Eki Tina Aisien. "BIOGAS FROM CASSAVA PEELS WASTE." Detritus, no. 10 (March 5, 2020): 100–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.31025/2611-4135/2020.13910.
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The increasing growth of cassava agro-industries in Nigeria has led to the enormous generation of cassava peels waste. The feasibility of generating biogas and biofertilizer for both domestic and agricultural applications from cassava peels waste inoculated with cow dung was investigated. Fresh and stale cassava peels were used in the study. Three pretreatment chemicals such as sodium hydroxide (NaOH), calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2 and ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) buffer solutions were used in pretreating the cassava peels and cow dung slurry. Six batch anaerobic biodigesters of 10-litre capacity each were used in this study for 40 days retention period. The pH, temperature, and volumes of biogas and methane produced were monitored and recorded daily. The fertilizer qualities (total solids, volatile solids, % phosphorus, % nitrogen, etc.) of the digester slurry and the digester sludge after 40 days digestion were determined using official methods of analysis of Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC). The results showed that the amount of biogas generated is 2540 cm3/day. The stale cassava peels and cow dung slurry and the use of NH4Cl pretreatment chemical gave the best biogas production and methane yield of 104,961cm3 and 62.3% respectively. The digester sludge from the anaerobic digestion of cassava peels and cow dung showed and demonstrated good biofertilizer qualities.
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Omilani, Olaoluwa, Adebayo Abass, and Victor Okoruwa. "Smallholder Agroprocessors’ Willingness to Pay for Value-Added Solid-Waste Management Solutions." Sustainability 11, no. 6 (March 23, 2019): 1759. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11061759.
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The paper examined the willingness of smallholder cassava processors to pay for value-added solid wastes management solutions in Nigeria. We employed a multistage sampling procedure to obtain primary data from 403 cassava processors from the forest and Guinea savannah zones of Nigeria. Contingent valuation and logistic regression were used to determine the willingness of the processors to pay for improved waste management options and the factors influencing their decision on the type of waste management system adopted and willingness to pay for a value-added solid-waste management system option. Women constituted the largest population of smallholder cassava processors, and the processors generated a lot of solid waste (605–878 kg/processor/season). Waste was usually dumped (59.6%), given to others (58.1%), or sold in wet (27.8%) or dry (35.5%) forms. The factors influencing the processors’ decision on the type of waste management system to adopt included sex of processors, membership of an association, quantity of cassava processed and ownership structure. Whereas the processors were willing to pay for new training on improved waste management technologies, they were not willing to pay more than US$3. However, US$3 may be paid for training in mushroom production. It is expected that public expenditure on training to empower processors to use solid-waste conversion technologies for generating value-added products will lead to such social benefits as lower exposure to environmental toxins from the air, rivers and underground water, among others, and additional income for the smallholder processors. The output of the study can serve as the basis for developing usable and affordable solid-waste management systems for community cassava processing units in African countries involved in cassava production.
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Firdaus, Aneka, and Beni Octavianus. "BIOBRICKETS MADE FROM CASSAVA SKIN WASTE UTILIZING BANANA PLASTIC WASTE GLUE AND WATER HYACINTH." Indonesian Journal of Engineering and Science 2, no. 2 (July 17, 2021): 007–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.51630/ijes.v2i2.14.
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Cassava peel waste in large quantities can harm the environment. Cassava peel waste can be used as a renewable energy feedstock since it is environmentally friendly biomass converted into bio briquettes for use as an alternative fuel. The advantage of cassava peel can positively impact the environment while also adding value to the cassava peel. Cassava bio briquettes produced with water hyacinth and banana leaf stem were compared in this study. Temperatures of 300°C, 350°C, 400°C, 450°C, and 500°C are used to discover the best conditions for briquettes, with a carbonization time of 45 minutes. Bio briquettes can be made from water hyacinth and banana leaf stalks, according to the analysis. The best results were achieved at 400°C carbonization temperature, with a calorific value of 5461 Cal/g for water hyacinth adhesives and 5265 Cal/g for banana leaf stalk adhesives.
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Mutiara, Tintin, Siska Widiawati, Syafira Rachmatyah, and Achmad Chafidz. "Production of Bio-Ethanol via Hydrolysis and Fermentation Using Cassava Peel and Used Newspaper as Raw Materials." Materials Science Forum 981 (March 2020): 222–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.981.222.
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Cassava peel and used newspaper are example of daily solid wastes that continue to increase in Indonesia from year to year. Most of people in Indonesia have not utilized cassava (Manihot Esculenta L.) peel and used newspaper properly, hence they only become untreated wastes. Cassava peel highly contains carbohydrate and starch which is about 44 - 59%, while newsprint contains quite a lot of cellulose which is 61%, so that both wastes have the potential to make bio-ethanol as a one of potential renewable energy source. The focus of this study is to produce bio-ethanol from these two waste materials. There were several stages to produce bio-ethanol, which are hydrolysis with 0.1 N hydrochloric acid (HCl), and fermentation with yeast (Saccharomyces Cerevisiae), and separation of the bio-ethanol by distillation. The content of bio-ethanol produced was analyzed by Gas Chromatography (GC). The bio-ethanol was produced under different variables, which are: amount of yeast (8 g and 10 g), fermentation time (3, 7, and 10 days), and ratio of volume of solution (mL) cassava peel waste : used newspaper (i.e. 80:20; 60:40; 50:50; 40:60). The GC analysis results showed that the bio-ethanol contents were approximately 0%, 6.194%, 8.421% and 8.887% for ratio volume of solution (mL) cassava peel waste : used newspaper of 80:20; 60:40; 50:50; 40:60, respectively. Whereas, the bio-ethanol contents for 3, 7, and 10 days of fermentation time were 6.690%, 8.765%, and 9.472%, respectively. In this study, the highest bio-ethanol content produced (i.e. 9.472%) was in the following variables: amount of yeast 10 g, 10 days fermentation time, ratio volume of solution (mL) cassava peel waste : used newspaper of 50:50.
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Olukanni, David, and Tope Olatunji. "Cassava Waste Management and Biogas Generation Potential in Selected Local Government Areas in Ogun State, Nigeria." Recycling 3, no. 4 (December 14, 2018): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/recycling3040058.
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Agricultural products such as cassava produce huge amounts of waste when processed into consumable goods. The waste generated is generally considered to contribute largely to environmental pollution. This study therefore investigates the waste management practice that is adopted by cassava processors in Ogun State, Nigeria. Five local government areas (LGAs) dominant in processing cassava were selected for the study on the basis of spatial location distribution, landmass, and population. The survey involved the use of structured questionnaires administered to cassava processors of the selected LGAs. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software application and descriptive statistics were used for data analysis. Results of the analysis show that the majority (70%) of the cassava processors are females. Cassava peel constitutes 10% of the waste produced, of which 91% is heaped at refuse dumps in most communities. Results also reveal that 86.3% of cassava residues are used for animal feeds. Other findings show that the peels, when dried, are used as biofuel for cooking and there is a significant potential for biogas production. From the data captured from respondents during the study, most processors are willing to pay for an improved waste management system. The study therefore recommends the proper waste management of cassava waste to minimize environmental pollution.
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Hernaman, Iman, Atun Budiman, Siti Nurachman, and Kundrat Hidrajat. "KAJIAN IN VITRO SUBTITUSI KONSENTRAT DENGAN PENGGUNAAN LIMBAH PERKEBUNAN SINGKONG YANG DISUPLEMENTASI KOBALT (Co) DAN SENG (Zn) DALAM RANSUM DOMBA." Buletin Peternakan 39, no. 2 (June 1, 2015): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.21059/buletinpeternak.v39i2.6710.
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<p>This research was aimed to investigate the effect of concentrate substitution with cassava plantation waste supplemented with cobalt and zinc in sheep ration. In vitro study was used in this experiment. Collected data were analyzed by Duncan’s test from Completely Randomized Design with four treatments and four replications. The experiment rations were R1 = 50% native grass + 50% concentrate, R2 = 50% native grass + 50% concentrate + 5 ppm cobalt + 30 ppm zinc, R3 = 50% native grass + 50% cassava plantation waste, R4 = 50% native grass + 50% cassava plantation waste + 5 ppm cobalt + 30 ppm zinc. The results showed that utilization of concentrate increased volatile fatty acid and N-NH3 concentration, and digestibility of dry and organic matter compared with cassava plantation waste. Volatile fatty acid and N-NH3 in sheep ration containing cassava plantation waste were still in normal range with dry and organic matter digestibility were up to 50%, but supplementation of cobalt and zinc had the same effect (P>0.05). It is concluded that cassava plantation waste can be used as sheep feed, but did not substitute concentrate. Supplementation of cobalt and zinc was not effective to improve fermentability and digestibility of cassava plantation waste.</p><p><br />(Key words: Cassava plantation waste, Digestibility, In vitro, N-NH3, Sheep, Volatile fatty acid)</p>
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Syervy Tanata, Mimi Richell Gunawan, and Setiaty Pandia. "PENGARUH KOMPOSISI CAMPURAN LIMBAH PADAT DAN CAIR INDUSTRI TAPIOKA TERHADAP PERSENTASE PENYISIHAN TOTAL SUSPENDED SOLID (TSS) DENGAN STARTER KOTORAN SAPI." Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU 2, no. 3 (September 14, 2013): 8–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/jtk.v2i3.1441.
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The waste from tapioca industry is classified as an organic waste that contains many important compounds such as carbohydrate, protein and glucose. The research is aimed to know the quality of biogas from cassava pulp combined with waste water from the cassava starch industry using batch anaerobic digester system. The research began by mixing the solid and liquid wastes from tapioca industry at ratio 70:30; 60:40; 50:50; 40:60; and 30:70 (w/w) with starter from solid waste of cattle in a batch anaerobic digester. From this research, the optimum percentage reduction of Total Suspended Solid (TSS) was 76,2289% at ratio of solid and liquid waste was 70:30 (w/w).
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Cassava waste"
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Luong, Huu Thanh, Thuy Nga Vu, Ngoc Quynh Nguyen, Kieu Bang Tam Nguyen, Thi Hong Van Dao, and Thi Hang Nga Nguyen. "Phosphorus treatment in wastewater by microorganisms isolated from cassava starch production waste." Technische Universität Dresden, 2018. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A33070.
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In waste water, phosphorous (P) can exist in inorganic or organic forms. Depending on the concentration, P can cause eutrophication and severe environmental pollution. Microorganisms have the ability to use and accumulate P, so microorganisms are studied to treat P in waste water in general and wastewater from cassava starch processing plants in particular. Research results show that in the 20 samples of waste water and sludge of the plant has selected three strains of bacteria that can accumulate P in the form of granules in the cell. Among them, SHV22 has the highest P accumulation capacity, reaching 3.05x10-11 mg/cell, P removal efficiency in wastewater from cassava starch processing factory is 82.1%. The strain was identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens.Trong nước thải P có thể tồn tại dưới dạng vô cơ hoặc hữu cơ. Tùy thuộc vào nồng độ, P có thể gây phú dưỡng và ô nhiễm môi trường nghiêm trọng. Vi sinh vật có khả năng sử dụng và tích lũy P, do đó vi sinh vật là đối tượng được nghiên cứu để xử lý P trong nước thải nói chung và nước thải của nhà máy chế biến tinh bột sắn nói riêng. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy, trong 20 mẫu nước và bùn thải của nhà máy đã chọn lựa được 3 chủng vi khuẩn có khả năng tích lũy P dưới dạng hạt trong tế bào. Trong số đó, chủng SHV22 có khả năng tích lũy P cao nhất, đạt tới 3,05x10-11 mg/tế bào, hiệu quả loại bỏ P trong nước thải của nhà máy chế biến tinh bột sắn đạt 82,1%. Chủng đã được định danh là Bacillus amyloliquefaciens.
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Mkruqulwa, Unathi Liziwe. "Co-digestion of Cassava Biomass with Winery Waste for Biogas Production in South Africa." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2853.
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Thesis (Master of Engineering in Chemical Engineering)--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2018.Renewable energy security for the future and better use of natural resources are key challenges that can be concurrently managed by a practical anaerobic co-digestion approach in the production of methane. For this study, co-digestion of cassava and winery waste was investigated for the production of biogas. Cassava biomass is a good substrate for biogas production due to its high carbohydrate yield per hectare (4.742 kg/carb) than most plants. Winery wastes constitute a lot of challenge in South Africa due to high amounts currently being dumped at landfills. Due to the chemical properties of the two substrates, it is envisaged that their co-digestion will produce more biogas than use of a single substrate. Biomethane potential (BMP) tests were carried out in a batch, mesophilic (37 °C±0.5) reactor using cassava and winery waste singly and in combination at a ratio of 1:1 and ran for 30 days. Biogas optimization was also evaluated. The optimal conditions for methane production from anaerobic co-digestion of cassava biomass and winery solid waste using response surface methodology (RSM). The effects of temperature, pH and co-substrate ratios on the methane yield were explored. A central composite design technique was used to set-up the anaerobic co-digestion experiment was determined. Once the optimized values were established, biogas production from co-digestion of cassava biomass with winery waste was investigated using a single-stage 5 L mesophilic batch digester and the microbial dynamics inside the digester during co-digestion of cassava and winery waste in the single-stage 5 L mesophilic batch digester. The samples were collected on days 1, 15 and 30 of the anaerobic digestion period and DNA extracted from them while 16sRNA bacterial sequencing was performed. The results for the BMP tests showed that cumulative methane yield for cassava, winery waste and in combination were 42, 21 and 38 mLCH4 respectively. It was concluded that biogas production from anaerobic digestion was dependent on many factors such as pH, substrate properties and the ratio of different feedstocks used during co-digestion. The results from the optimization study were pH 7, temperature of 35 °C±0.5 and co-digestion ratio of 70:30 cassava to winery waste. The maximum methane yield of 346.28 mLCH4/gVSadded was predicted by the quadratic model at the optimal temperature of 35 oC±0.5, pH of 7 and 70:30 ratio of cassava biomass to winery solid waste. Experimental results showed a close fit but higher methane yield (396 mLCH4/gVSadded) than predicted values as indicated by the coefficient of determination (R2) value of 0.9521. The response surface model proved successful in the optimization process of methane yield. The single-stage 5L mesophilic batch digester with a co-substrate ratio of 70:30 cassava to winery waste produced a total of 819.54 mL/gVS biogas with a 62 % methane content. The study of microbial community dynamics showed the presence of the bacteria that is responsible for each stage of anaerobic digestion. The study concluded that both winery waste and cassava substrates were favourable for biogas production and most underprivileged people in the rural areas with no access to electricity can produce & utilise it.
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Ordoñez, Camacho Ileana Andrea [UNESP]. "Caracterização dos resíduos do processameto de mandioca para produção de bio-etanol e sua utilização na alimentação de aves." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/90474.
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ordonezcamacho_ia_me_botfca.pdf: 520373 bytes, checksum: 23ac08ef7813218f5f74f2ab8cf30592 (MD5)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
A produção de bioetanol utilizando raízes de mandioca irá produzir um resíduo lignocelulósico que juntamente com o vinho esgotado nas colunas de destilação, constituem-se nos principais resíduos gerados no processo. Normalmente os resíduos líquidos seguem para tratamento em lagoas de estabilização enquanto que os resíduos sólidos são descartados no ambiente incorporando esta biomassa ao solo. A fim de se obter um melhor rendimento econômico na produção de etanol a partir das raízes de mandioca, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo realizar a caracterização físico-química de resíduos sólidos gerados em dois tipos de processamento da matéria prima numa planta de fabricação de etanol e, verificar a possibilidade de sua inclusão em dietas formuladas para frangos de corte aproveitando os nutrientes remanescentes. O processamento das raízes de mandioca teve inicio com a lavagem e desintegração das raízes com adição de 20% de água até obter uma polpa que foi tratada em reator agitado adicionando enzima -amilase e temperatura de 90°C por 2 horas. Em seguida, ajuste de pH, abaixamento da temperatura para 60°C e adição de enzima amiloglucosidase com agitação por 14 horas para ser efetuada a fermentação. O hidrolisado obtido foi a fonte dos dois tipos de resíduo quais sejam: i) resíduo obtido da filtração do hidrolisado antes da fermentação e; ii) resíduo obtido da filtração do vinho alcoólico após fermentação do hidrolisado...
The elaboration of bioethanol using cassava roots, produces a lignocellulosic waste which along with the wine produced in the distillation columns, constitute the main kind of waste generated in the process. The liquid waste is treated in stabilization ponds, while the solid waste is disposed in the environment, incorporating such biomass to the soil. Aiming at to get the best advantage from the production of ethanol, from cassava roots, this work presented a physical-chemical characterization from two different kinds of waste obtained from two different kinds of such raw material processing, and developed a methodology for including this into fattening chicken diets in the early phase, getting the best possible from the carbohydrates. The processing of cassava roots began with the disintegration and washing the roots with the addition of 20% of water to obtain a pulp which was treated in stirred reactor adding enzyme -amylase and temperature of 90 ° C for 2 hours. Then, adjust the pH, lowering the temperature to 60 ° C and addition of enzyme amiloglucosidase and stirring for 14 hours. The hydrolyzate obtained was the source of two types of waste which are: i) type 1 solid residue obtained after filtration of the hydrolyzate and ii) solid waste type 2 obtained from filtering the wine after alcoholic fermentation of the hydrolyzate. The experimental design included both types of waste at levels of 5, 10 and 15% in diets for broiler chickens for a period of 21 days. The experiments showed that the inclusion of hydrolyzed cassava waste in the formulation of diets adversely affected the performance of the animals, while the inclusion of fermented residue doesn’t affected the performance in experiments.
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Longjan, Gurumwal George. "Bio-methane potential of exotic food waste and water hyacinth." Thesis, Brunel University, 2016. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/13540.
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Region specific foods in the Niger Delta like yam and cassava are consumed on a daily basis by at least 70% of the population. In addition to other commonly consumed foods, high volumes of unavoidable food wastes are generated. With 78% of the households in the region disposing their waste by burying, burning or in unauthorised heaps, environmental degradation is sustained. The region also suffers an infestation of Water Hyacinth (WH). Anaerobic Digestion (AD) presents a viable way of managing these wastes in addition to providing a clean source of energy. Limited research has been conducted on the characterisation and biogas potential of these exotic food wastes due to their localised availability, leading to a knowledge gap. My original contribution to knowledge is the Specific Waste Index (SWI), nutrient characterisation and biogas potential of the local food wastes and WH. Also novel is the design and optimisation of the AD process for mono and codigestion including the quarter hourly analysis of CH4 and CO2 content of the biogas composition over the complete duration of an AD test. The research approach was experimental and involved using conventional research methods in new fields of investigation. SWI was determined by replicating local food processing practices while nutrient composition was obtained using standard analytical methods. The Bio-Methane Potential (BMP) tests were carried out on the four most common food wastes, Yam Peel (YP), Cassava Peel (CP), Cocoyam Peel (CoP), Plantain Peel (PP), following VDI 4630 guidelines and using a newly designed cost-effective bioreactor. Laboratory scale batch reactors ran over 20 days at 37⁰C (310 K). The food wastes were anaerobically co-digested with WH in the ratio 2:1 g Volatile Solid (VS) with a total substrate mass of 8.4 g VS. The S:I ratio was 1:2 g VS and tests were carried out in duplicates to give an indication of repeatability. The results showed a wide range of SWI from 0.2-1.5. The Total Solid (TS) content varied from 7% for WH to 82% for Egusi Shell. Crude Protein and Crude Fibre were highest for Ugwu Stalk at 37% VS and Egusi Shell at 82% VS respectively. Cassava Peel had the highest oil content at 25% VS. NFE which was the major nutrient for 80% of the samples was highest for Yam Peel at 82% VS. YP+WH, CP+WH, CoP+WH and PP+WH had specific biogas yields of 0.42, 0.29, 0.39, and 0.38 m3/kg VS respectively. The yields represented 76%, 48%, 70% and 69% of their respective theoretical values. The samples had their highest methane content during the Technical Digestion Time (T80) period, which lasted up to the 8th day of digestion. The pH values ranged from 7.3 to 7.9 indicating that there was no inhibitory accumulation of organic acids. The results of the mono-digestion tests showed that co-digestion with WH reduced the biogas yields for YP, CP, CoP and PP by 16%, 22%, 7% and 7%. This drop in gas production was due to presence of complex molecules in the WH co-substrate, which cannot be digested by the anaerobic microbes. Further tests showed that fresh waste produced more biogas than dry samples, while a lower S:I produced more biogas due to increased microbial population. It was concluded that waste and nutrient content varied widely between different types of Niger Delta foods. In addition mesophilic digestion of food wastes have good biogas potentials which reduce when co-digested with water hyacinth. The methane content is shown to vary widely throughout an AD test. The findings of this research would provide valuable information to AD databases and its implementation would support clean energy production, environmental remediation and allow researchers in poor regions to perform BMP test on novel feedstock using cost-effective reactors. Key Words: Anaerobic Digestion, Co-Digestion, Water Hyacinth, Niger Delta, Yam, Cassava, Cocoyam, Food Waste, Specific Waste Index, Biogas.
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Barana, Ana Cláudia [UNESP]. "Avaliação de tratamento de manipueira em biodigestores fase acidogênica e metanogênica." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/101954.
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barana_ac_dr_botfca.pdf: 290669 bytes, checksum: 49423519af96902f8d4f492037f21e42 (MD5)Um grande problema enfrentado pelas indústrias produtoras de farinha de mandioca é o destino da manipueira, resíduo líquido gerado na proporção de 300L/ton de raiz processada. Poluente devido à alta carga orgânica e tóxico pela presença do glicosídeo cianogênico Linamarina, potencialmente hidrolisável a cianeto. Sem solução a baixo custo, as empresas descartam o efluente em rios e terrenos próximos. Com a promulgação da Lei Federal nº9433, sancionada em 8 de janeiro de 1997, que instituiu sobre a Política Nacional de Recursos Hídricos, maior atenção deve ser dada aos resíduos industriais. Por essa lei as empresas passam a pagar não apenas pela água consumida, mas pela quantidade e qualidade do efluente descartado em corpos d'água. As farinheiras também utilizam grande quantidade de lenha para secagem da farinha em fornos de baixa eficiência. Para tentar solucionar os dois problemas, poluição ambiental e energético, pesquisas têm sido feitas no CERAT, Centro de raízes e Amidos Tropicais, sobre tratamento anaeróbio de manipueira. Nesse processo, além de redução da carga orgânica, ocorre produção de gás metano, que pode ser queimado, substituindo parte da lenha na secagem da farinha. Pesquisas anteriores comprovaram que o tratamento da manipueira em biodigestores de fase única não é viável, devido à acidificação excessiva do meio. Neste trabalho, foi feita a avaliação do tratamento de manipueira em biodigestores fase acidogênica e metanogênica. O reator acidogênico utilizado foi do tipo fluxo ascendente, TRH (Tempo de Retenção Hidráulica) de um dia e temperatura mantida em 35 1ºC. O metanogênico, um filtro anaeróbio de fluxo ascendente, foi operado com TRH de três dias e temperatura de 32º 1C. O efluente do reator acidogênico foi utilizado como afluente do reator metanogênico. Foram analisados nos afluentes e efluentes de cada reator...
One of the biggest problems faced by cassava flour factories is the destination of manipueira, a liquid waste generated in large amounts (300L/ton of processed roots). This waste causes pollution due to its high organic load and is toxic because contains lynamarine, a cyanogenic glycoside potentially convertible to cyanide. Without any low-cost solution, cassava flour factories discard this waste in rivers or in areas close to them. After implementation of Brazilian law nº9433, from January 8th, 1997 that is related to the National Policy for Water Resources more attention should be paid relatively to industrial waste treatment. The industries will have to pay not only for the consumed water, but also for the amount and quality of the waste discharged in the rivers. Cassava factories also need large amounts of firewood for drying flour on low-efficiency ovens. Searching for a solution for these problems, environmental and energy, researches are being developed at CERAT about anaerobic treatment of manipueira. In this process, beyond reducing organic load there is production of methane a fuel gas that can advantageously substitute firewood in flour drying. Previous researches showed that treating manipueira in one-phase biodigestors was not viable due to excessive acidification. In the present work acidogenic and methanogenic biodigestors were evaluated for treating manipueira. The acidogenic reactor was an upflow reactor, one-day HRT (Hydraulic Retention Time) and temperature kept at 35 l 1ºC. The methanogenic reactor, an anaerobic upflow filter, was operated with a three-day HRT, temperature of 32 l 1ºC. The acidogenic reactor effluent was employed as influent of the methanogenic reactor. Total and volatile solids, pH, alkalinity and acidity, COD (Chemical Demand Oxygen) and minerals were analysed for both influent and effluent, as well as the amount and composition of the produced biogas...(Complete abstract, click electronic access below)
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Saito, Irene Miuki [UNESP]. "Produção de hidrolisados e fibras a partir de resíduo da industrialização da mandioca submetido a pré-tratamento hidrotérmico." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/101732.
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saito_im_dr_botfca.pdf: 984135 bytes, checksum: d68af5e5076154cc8f38f5517fb4da20 (MD5)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
Recentemente há uma crescente busca de maior utilização de resíduos agroindustriais visando recuperar substâncias e/ou materiais e deste modo aumentar a eficiência econômica dos processos de produção. Diversos processos são desenvolvidos para utilização desses materiais convergindo em compostos químicos e produtos finos. A aplicação de resíduos agroindustriais em bioprocessos é uma alternativa observada na forma de substratos, e uma ajuda para solucionar o problema da poluição nos processos de agroindustrialização. O farelo de mandioca é um resíduo sólido produzido nas agroindústrias que extraem o seu amido (fecularias) que contém alto teor de amido (60 a 70% em peso seco) que é descartado e causa problemas ao meio ambiente. A recuperação do amido residual por tratamento físico ou biológico do material que tem sido objeto de pesquisas visando a melhoria dos processos, com o objetivo de agregar valor à matéria prima consumida. A produção de fécula de mandioca gera cerca de 930 Kg de farelo com aproximadamente 85% de umidade para cada 1000 Kg de raiz processada apresentando uma concentração de amido residual de 60 a 75% em massa seca. A fim de se obter um melhor aproveitamento do amido residuário existente no farelo de mandioca, o presente trabalho desenvolveu uma metodologia adequada para produção de hidrolisado, rico em glicose originário de tratamento hidrotérmico com fluido subcrítico. O tratamento do farelo residuário originário de uma agroindústria com umidade de 85% foi realizado em reator agitado em bateladas de 2,0 Kg, utilizando como catalisador o ácido sulfúrico a temperatura de 140 a 170°C. Os melhores resultados foram obtidos para as seguintes condições de tratamento: tempo de processo 35 minutos; temperatura de 140°C; concentração do catalisador de 2,5 % (m/s); umidade de 90,5% e rotação de 50 rpm. As respostas foram:...
Recently there has been an increase search for a large utilization of agro-industrial residues based on recovering substances and/or materials to increase the economical efficiency of the production. Several processes were developed for production fine chemicals compounds and other products. The application of agro-industrial residues on bioprocesses is an alternative observed in the substract form, and also a help to solve the pollution problem on the processes of agro-industrialization. The cassava waste is a solid residue produced in agro-industry that extracts its starch which has a high starch content which is wasted and causes environmental problems. The recovery of these residual starch by physical or biological treatment of the material require research aiming the optimization of the chosen processes, as well as for aggregating value to the consumed raw material. The cassava starch production generates about 930 Kg of solid waste with approximately 85% of moisture to each 1000 Kg of processed root, presenting a concentration of starch residue from 60 to 70% on a dry weight. In order to obtain a better use of the residual starch present on the cassava waste, in the present work an optimized methodology for hydrolysate production, was developed with production of a glucose rich solution from a hydrotermic treatment with subcritical fluid. The residual waste treatment originated from an agro-industry with 85% of moisture was performed in a stirred reactor with agitator in amounts of 2 Kg using sulphuric acid as a catalyst at temperatures between 140 and 170°C. The optimum results were obtained to the following treatment conditions: ...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Barana, Ana Cláudia. "Avaliação de tratamento de manipueira em biodigestores fase acidogênica e metanogênica /." Botucatu : [s.n.], 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/101954.
Full textAbstract:
Orientador: Marney Pascolli CeredaBanca: Claudio Cabello
Banca: Ary Fernandes Junior
Banca: Vanildo Luiz Del Bianchi
Banca: Hugo Moreira Soares
Resumo: Um grande problema enfrentado pelas indústrias produtoras de farinha de mandioca é o destino da manipueira, resíduo líquido gerado na proporção de 300L/ton de raiz processada. Poluente devido à alta carga orgânica e tóxico pela presença do glicosídeo cianogênico Linamarina, potencialmente hidrolisável a cianeto. Sem solução a baixo custo, as empresas descartam o efluente em rios e terrenos próximos. Com a promulgação da Lei Federal nº9433, sancionada em 8 de janeiro de 1997, que instituiu sobre a Política Nacional de Recursos Hídricos, maior atenção deve ser dada aos resíduos industriais. Por essa lei as empresas passam a pagar não apenas pela água consumida, mas pela quantidade e qualidade do efluente descartado em corpos d'água. As farinheiras também utilizam grande quantidade de lenha para secagem da farinha em fornos de baixa eficiência. Para tentar solucionar os dois problemas, poluição ambiental e energético, pesquisas têm sido feitas no CERAT, Centro de raízes e Amidos Tropicais, sobre tratamento anaeróbio de manipueira. Nesse processo, além de redução da carga orgânica, ocorre produção de gás metano, que pode ser queimado, substituindo parte da lenha na secagem da farinha. Pesquisas anteriores comprovaram que o tratamento da manipueira em biodigestores de fase única não é viável, devido à acidificação excessiva do meio. Neste trabalho, foi feita a avaliação do tratamento de manipueira em biodigestores fase acidogênica e metanogênica. O reator acidogênico utilizado foi do tipo fluxo ascendente, TRH (Tempo de Retenção Hidráulica) de um dia e temperatura mantida em 35 1ºC. O metanogênico, um filtro anaeróbio de fluxo ascendente, foi operado com TRH de três dias e temperatura de 32º 1C. O efluente do reator acidogênico foi utilizado como afluente do reator metanogênico. Foram analisados nos afluentes e efluentes de cada reator...(Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: One of the biggest problems faced by cassava flour factories is the destination of manipueira, a liquid waste generated in large amounts (300L/ton of processed roots). This waste causes pollution due to its high organic load and is toxic because contains lynamarine, a cyanogenic glycoside potentially convertible to cyanide. Without any low-cost solution, cassava flour factories discard this waste in rivers or in areas close to them. After implementation of Brazilian law nº9433, from January 8th, 1997 that is related to the National Policy for Water Resources more attention should be paid relatively to industrial waste treatment. The industries will have to pay not only for the consumed water, but also for the amount and quality of the waste discharged in the rivers. Cassava factories also need large amounts of firewood for drying flour on low-efficiency ovens. Searching for a solution for these problems, environmental and energy, researches are being developed at CERAT about anaerobic treatment of manipueira. In this process, beyond reducing organic load there is production of methane a fuel gas that can advantageously substitute firewood in flour drying. Previous researches showed that treating manipueira in one-phase biodigestors was not viable due to excessive acidification. In the present work acidogenic and methanogenic biodigestors were evaluated for treating manipueira. The acidogenic reactor was an upflow reactor, one-day HRT (Hydraulic Retention Time) and temperature kept at 35 l 1ºC. The methanogenic reactor, an anaerobic upflow filter, was operated with a three-day HRT, temperature of 32 l 1ºC. The acidogenic reactor effluent was employed as influent of the methanogenic reactor. Total and volatile solids, pH, alkalinity and acidity, COD (Chemical Demand Oxygen) and minerals were analysed for both influent and effluent, as well as the amount and composition of the produced biogas...(Complete abstract, click electronic access below)
Doutor
8
Ordoñez, Camacho Ileana Andrea 1984. "Caracterização dos resíduos do processameto de mandioca para produção de bio-etanol e sua utilização na alimentação de aves /." Botucatu : [s.n.], 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/90474.
Full textAbstract:
Orientador: Claudio CabelloBanca: Edivaldo Antonio Garcia
Banca: Magali Leonel
Resumo: A produção de bioetanol utilizando raízes de mandioca irá produzir um resíduo lignocelulósico que juntamente com o vinho esgotado nas colunas de destilação, constituem-se nos principais resíduos gerados no processo. Normalmente os resíduos líquidos seguem para tratamento em lagoas de estabilização enquanto que os resíduos sólidos são descartados no ambiente incorporando esta biomassa ao solo. A fim de se obter um melhor rendimento econômico na produção de etanol a partir das raízes de mandioca, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo realizar a caracterização físico-química de resíduos sólidos gerados em dois tipos de processamento da matéria prima numa planta de fabricação de etanol e, verificar a possibilidade de sua inclusão em dietas formuladas para frangos de corte aproveitando os nutrientes remanescentes. O processamento das raízes de mandioca teve inicio com a lavagem e desintegração das raízes com adição de 20% de água até obter uma polpa que foi tratada em reator agitado adicionando enzima -amilase e temperatura de 90°C por 2 horas. Em seguida, ajuste de pH, abaixamento da temperatura para 60°C e adição de enzima amiloglucosidase com agitação por 14 horas para ser efetuada a fermentação. O hidrolisado obtido foi a fonte dos dois tipos de resíduo quais sejam: i) resíduo obtido da filtração do hidrolisado antes da fermentação e; ii) resíduo obtido da filtração do vinho alcoólico após fermentação do hidrolisado... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The elaboration of bioethanol using cassava roots, produces a lignocellulosic waste which along with the wine produced in the distillation columns, constitute the main kind of waste generated in the process. The liquid waste is treated in stabilization ponds, while the solid waste is disposed in the environment, incorporating such biomass to the soil. Aiming at to get the best advantage from the production of ethanol, from cassava roots, this work presented a physical-chemical characterization from two different kinds of waste obtained from two different kinds of such raw material processing, and developed a methodology for including this into fattening chicken diets in the early phase, getting the best possible from the carbohydrates. The processing of cassava roots began with the disintegration and washing the roots with the addition of 20% of water to obtain a pulp which was treated in stirred reactor adding enzyme -amylase and temperature of 90 ° C for 2 hours. Then, adjust the pH, lowering the temperature to 60 ° C and addition of enzyme amiloglucosidase and stirring for 14 hours. The hydrolyzate obtained was the source of two types of waste which are: i) type 1 solid residue obtained after filtration of the hydrolyzate and ii) solid waste type 2 obtained from filtering the wine after alcoholic fermentation of the hydrolyzate. The experimental design included both types of waste at levels of 5, 10 and 15% in diets for broiler chickens for a period of 21 days. The experiments showed that the inclusion of hydrolyzed cassava waste in the formulation of diets adversely affected the performance of the animals, while the inclusion of fermented residue doesn't affected the performance in experiments.
Mestre
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Saito, Irene Miuki 1967. "Produção de hidrolisados e fibras a partir de resíduo da industrialização da mandioca submetido a pré-tratamento hidrotérmico /." Botucatu : [s.n.], 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/101732.
Full textAbstract:
Orientador: Cláudio CabelloBanca: Manoel Lima de Menezes
Banca: Romualdo Shigueo Fukushima
Banca: Ivo Mottin Demiate
Banca: Magali Leonel
Resumo: Recentemente há uma crescente busca de maior utilização de resíduos agroindustriais visando recuperar substâncias e/ou materiais e deste modo aumentar a eficiência econômica dos processos de produção. Diversos processos são desenvolvidos para utilização desses materiais convergindo em compostos químicos e produtos finos. A aplicação de resíduos agroindustriais em bioprocessos é uma alternativa observada na forma de substratos, e uma ajuda para solucionar o problema da poluição nos processos de agroindustrialização. O farelo de mandioca é um resíduo sólido produzido nas agroindústrias que extraem o seu amido (fecularias) que contém alto teor de amido (60 a 70% em peso seco) que é descartado e causa problemas ao meio ambiente. A recuperação do amido residual por tratamento físico ou biológico do material que tem sido objeto de pesquisas visando a melhoria dos processos, com o objetivo de agregar valor à matéria prima consumida. A produção de fécula de mandioca gera cerca de 930 Kg de farelo com aproximadamente 85% de umidade para cada 1000 Kg de raiz processada apresentando uma concentração de amido residual de 60 a 75% em massa seca. A fim de se obter um melhor aproveitamento do amido residuário existente no farelo de mandioca, o presente trabalho desenvolveu uma metodologia adequada para produção de hidrolisado, rico em glicose originário de tratamento hidrotérmico com fluido subcrítico. O tratamento do farelo residuário originário de uma agroindústria com umidade de 85% foi realizado em reator agitado em bateladas de 2,0 Kg, utilizando como catalisador o ácido sulfúrico a temperatura de 140 a 170°C. Os melhores resultados foram obtidos para as seguintes condições de tratamento: tempo de processo 35 minutos; temperatura de 140°C; concentração do catalisador de 2,5 % (m/s); umidade de 90,5% e rotação de 50 rpm. As respostas foram: ...(Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Recently there has been an increase search for a large utilization of agro-industrial residues based on recovering substances and/or materials to increase the economical efficiency of the production. Several processes were developed for production fine chemicals compounds and other products. The application of agro-industrial residues on bioprocesses is an alternative observed in the substract form, and also a help to solve the pollution problem on the processes of agro-industrialization. The cassava waste is a solid residue produced in agro-industry that extracts its starch which has a high starch content which is wasted and causes environmental problems. The recovery of these residual starch by physical or biological treatment of the material require research aiming the optimization of the chosen processes, as well as for aggregating value to the consumed raw material. The cassava starch production generates about 930 Kg of solid waste with approximately 85% of moisture to each 1000 Kg of processed root, presenting a concentration of starch residue from 60 to 70% on a dry weight. In order to obtain a better use of the residual starch present on the cassava waste, in the present work an optimized methodology for hydrolysate production, was developed with production of a glucose rich solution from a hydrotermic treatment with subcritical fluid. The residual waste treatment originated from an agro-industry with 85% of moisture was performed in a stirred reactor with agitator in amounts of 2 Kg using sulphuric acid as a catalyst at temperatures between 140 and 170°C. The optimum results were obtained to the following treatment conditions: ...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Doutor
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Comerlato, Anna Paula. "Efeito de manipueira no controle do nematóide de cisto da soja Heterodera glycines Ichinohe." Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, 2009. http://tede.unioeste.br:8080/tede/handle/tede/1365.
Full textAbstract:
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Previous issue date: 2009-05-12Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of liquid waste, produced by the cassava industry in Western Paraná, on the soybean cyst nematode Heterodera glycines Ichinohe through in vitro and in vivo essays. In vitro and in vivo essays were performed in randomized experimental designs with 5 replications for each treatment as follows: water (positive control), nematicide (negative control) and cassava waste at 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% for the in vitro test and cassava waste at 10%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% for the in vivo test. The in vitro tests were performed with eggs, J2 and cysts of H. glycines, which were immersed into each solution for 24 hours and then inoculated into pots containing soybean plants with two mature leaves. The evaluation occurred 30 days after inoculation (dai). The in vivo essays were carried out with one application and two applications of cassava waste. The in vivo essays started with the inoculation of 5,000 eggs and/or J2 of H. glycines on soybean plants. Forty five dai, liquid waste was applied in the pots and soybean plants had their shoot cut. Twenty four hours after the first application, new soybean plants were transplanted to the pots. To the essay with two applications of liquid waste, the second one was run 75 dai but keeping the same plants after application. The evaluation for the in vivo essays occurred 60 days after the transplanting. The variables assessed were plant height, shoot length, root length, number of cysts, number of females and eggs per root system, fresh weight and dry weight of plants and the reproduction factor of H. glycines on soybean plants. The cyanide content for the cassava waste was determined as 40 mg.L-1 in manipueira 100%, using the kit Microquant (Merck). The in vitro essays showed that the number of J2 decreased significantly and progressively (R2=0,82) from cassava waste 15% to 100%. For eggs and cysts, the cassava waste treatments from 10% to 100% were more efficient than the control water. Moreover, cassava waste at 25% concentration showed the lowest values for number of eggs and cysts for the in vitro essays. For the in vivo essays, two applications of cassava residue allowed a better development of soybean plants, allied to a decrease on the number of females and cysts of H. glycines, when compared to one application alone. The treatments cassava waste at 50%, 75% and 100% were superior to the others but cassava waste at 50% showed the lowest values for the number of females and cysts
Objetivou-se com o presente estudo avaliar o efeito de manipueira industrial, coletada em fecularia do oeste do Paraná, sobre o nematóide de cisto da soja Heterodera glycines Ichinohe, mediante ensaios in vitro e in vivo. Os ensaios in vitro e in vivo foram realizados no delineamento experimental inteiramente casualisado com os tratamentos água (controle positivo), nematicida (controle negativo) e manipueira a 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 50%, 75% e 100% para o ensaio in vitro e manipueira a 10%, 25%, 50%, 75% e 100% para o ensaio in vivo em 5 repetições cada. Os ensaios in vitro foram realizados com ovos, J2 e cistos de H. glycines, os quais permaneceram imersos nas diferentes soluções por 24 horas, sendo posteriormente inoculados em vasos contendo plantas de soja com duas folhas definitivas. A avaliação ocorreu aos 30 dias após a inoculação (dai). No tratamento in vivo, foram realizados ensaios com uma aplicação e duas aplicações de manipueira. Para o ensaio com uma aplicação, plantas de soja foram inoculadas com 5.000 ovos e/ou J2 de H. glycines com aplicação de manipueira aos 45 dai. Após 24 horas da aplicação, a parte aérea das plantas foi cortada, tendo sido plantada nova muda de soja. Para o ensaio com duas aplicações, manipueira foi aplicada aos 45 e aos 75 daí, mantendo-se as plantas após a segunda aplicação. A avaliação dos ensaios in vivo ocorreu 60 dias após a última aplicação de manipueira. As variáveis avaliadas para os ensaios realizados foram altura de plantas, comprimento da parte aérea, comprimento do sistema radicular, número de cistos, fêmeas e ovos por sistema radicular, massa seca e massa fresca de plantas e fator de reprodução (FR). O teor de cianeto em manipueira 100% foi de 40 ppm, o qual foi determinado antes de cada ensaio. Para J2 tratados in vitro, houve redução significativa e progressiva (R2=0,82) a partir de manipueira a 15% de concentração. Para ovos e cistos tratados in vitro, manipueira a partir de 10% de concentração foi superior à testemunha somente água, sendo que manipueira 25% apresentou os valores mais baixos para número de ovos e cistos. Para os ensaios in vivo, manipueira em duas aplicações permitiu um melhor desenvolvimento das plantas de soja com maior redução de fêmeas e cistos por planta, quando comparado ao ensaio com apenas uma aplicação. Os tratamentos manipueira 50%, 75% e 100% foram significativamente superiores aos demais quando aplicados via solo em tubetes, sendo que manipueira 50% apresentou os valores mais baixos para número de fêmeas e cistos
Book chapters on the topic "Cassava waste"
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Barbosa, M. C. S., C. R. Soccol, B. Marin, M. L. Todeschini, T. Tonial, and V. Flores. "Prospect for production of Pleurotus sajor — caju from cassava fibrous waste." In Advances in Solid State Fermentation, 515–27. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0661-2_42.
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Achi, C. G., A. O. Coker, and M. K. C. Sridhar. "Cassava Processing Wastes: Options and Potentials for Resource Recovery in Nigeria." In Utilization and Management of Bioresources, 77–89. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5349-8_8.
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Steven Tumwesigye, Kashub, Jorge C. Oliveira, Sheila Namuwaya, and Maria Jose Sousa-Gallagher. "Cassava Biomaterial Innovations for Industry Applications." In Cassava - Biology, Production, and Use. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.97493.
Full textAbstract:
Breakthrough innovations can spur growth in the modern era industry to realise sustainability and high returns on investments. Nowadays, biobased innovations for application in diverse industry sectors are considered as future pillars to counter resource depletion and ensure positive environmental impacts. Cassava is a strong flagship biomaterial promoting solution for resource-efficient use and green environment. Innovative industrial application of cassava biomaterials enriches literature, presenting cassava as a versatile and unrivalled crop that is cardinal for more sustainable environment and biodegradable industrial products. Work on novel cassava biomaterials, which are low-cost, unexploited and with zero competition for food supply, are included. Using an integrated sustainable process, it shows how to indirectly reduce waste streams, through their effective use, guaranteeing zero carbon footprints and acting as a non-traditional strategy for equilibrium atmosphere and active packaging systems. Applications of Cassava biomaterial in food, as food supplements and in packaging systems are also covered in this chapter.
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Onuoha, Mgbeodichinma Eucharia. "Urbanization and Its Implication for Sustainable Development in a Circular Economy." In Intellectual, Scientific, and Educational Influences on Sustainability Research, 138–67. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7302-9.ch007.
Full textAbstract:
Only about 25% of the world's land area and soil can be viewed as sustainable for agriculture. The rest of the soils are too dry, too wet, steep, rocky, cold, shallow, acidic, alkaline, or saline to allow the growing of crops. The major problems lie on the harshly increasing need for agricultural products due to rising populations as well as to the world desire to attain ever higher living standards. Food shortage, increase in toxic chemical in production, and urbanization are three inseparable things. One way to solve food shortage is to increase agricultural production. However, increase of agricultural production involves a package of measures that must be fitted to the specific situations in each case. Those measures are the use of high-yielding crops like cassava and varieties and a set of treatments designed to optimize growing conditions. Among such treatments is the use of nature-based solution like the use of cassava waste in feeding of livestock, use of cassava waste as a manure, minimizing losses of water and nutrients due to runoffs.
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Sivamani, Selvaraju, Shanmugam Anugraka, and Rajoo Baskar. "Optimization of Ethanol Production from Mixed Feedstock of Cassava Peel and Cassava Waste by Coculture of Saccharomycopsis fibuligera NCIM 3161 and Zymomonas Mobilis MTCC 92." In Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering, 13–24. Apple Academic Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b18402-4.
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"Optimization of Ethanol Production from Mixed Feedstock of Cassava Peel and Cassava Waste by Coculture of Saccharomycopsis fibuligera NCIM 3161 and Zymomonas Mobilis MTCC 92." In Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering, 41–52. Apple Academic Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b18402-8.
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Lazim, Yusriah, Abdul Baith Abu Hanafi, Mohd Syazwan Adura, Siti Afifah Muda, Lily Suhaila Yacob, and Ahmad Marzio Mohd Yusof. "Modifications of Biodegradable Thermoplastic Starch (TPS) From Sago Starch via Cross-Linking Method." In Advances in Environmental Engineering and Green Technologies, 77–91. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-1374-3.ch004.
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The increasing amount of synthetic plastic waste has contributed to environmental problems worldwide. As an alternative to synthetic plastics, thermoplastic starch (TPS) has been used for many applications, especially packaging application, since TPS provides good biodegradation and ease of disposal and reducing the consumption of petroleum. However, TPS tends to experience loss in mechanical properties and stability due to retrogradation of the starch. Modification of starch is often carried out to overcome this shortcoming in TPS. TPS can be made of various type of starch from various plant sources such as corn, cassava, rice, and potato. Sago starch is a plant-based starch that originates from the sago palm tree. The chapter aims to give a short literature overview on the sago starch, issues related to starch and thermoplastic starch, modification of sago starch via crosslinking method, properties of crosslinked sago starch, and limitation and opportunities of modification of sago starch via crosslinking method.
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Irfan Said, Muhammad. "The Role of the Livestock Farming Industry in Supporting the Global Agricultural Industry." In Agricultural Development in Asia [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.97868.
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The livestock farming industry is a strategic industry and has a very important potential for the advancement of the agricultural industry. The livestock farming industry is an industry that plays a role in providing protein food for most of the world’s population. Not only as a food provider, but also having a very large contribution to the progress of agricultural cultivation in the world. The livestock industry contributes part of the needs of the agricultural industry through the provision of environmentally friendly organic fertilizers. The integration of the livestock farming industry and the agricultural industry is a mutually supportive system. The integration of plants with livestock is basically an agricultural system characterized by a close relationship between plant and livestock components in a farm in a certain area. The bio-mass waste products from the agricultural industry can be used as a source of animal feed or as raw material for compost. The combination of the livestock industry with the agricultural industry provides enormous economic value for the development of the livestock and agricultural sectors. In Indonesia, the concept of integration between the livestock industry and the agricultural industry has been proven to improve the standard of living and economic status of the community. Some important materials will be discussed in more depth in this paper, including: (1) integration between livestock and rice, (2) integration between goats and cacao plants, (3) integration of livestock with oil palm, (4) integration of ruminants with cassava plants, and (5) integration of cattle with horticultural crops. Utilization of livestock and agricultural waste can reduce environmental burdens. Livestock farming industrial waste in the form of manure can be combined with agricultural wastes. This waste can be used as raw material for organic fertilizers which can be used as a fertilizer provider to support the cultivation of food crops, horticulture and plantations. The development of livestock in an area can encourage farmers to fill their vacant land to be planted with forage. Guidance efforts that will be carried out will be oriented towards land conservation. This is done through the arrangement of forage planting. Therefore, this will have a positive impact on increasing forage production. This effort will ultimately support the improvement of feeding patterns, proper land arrangement and being able to reduce the rate of erosion. The existence of livestock will add a source of manure. This is certainly synonymous with increasing land fertility which can provide business opportunities in optimizing land use diversification. The role of livestock in the livestock industry is the main support and complement in the system of integration in the livestock industry-agricultural industry.
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Schwantes, D., A. Gonçalves, G. Coelho, J. Casarin, J. Stangarlin, and A. Pinheiro. "Equilibrium of the adsorption process of glyphosate using wastes from the cassava industry." In Green Design, Materials and Manufacturing Processes, 423–27. CRC Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b15002-82.
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Schwantes, D., A. Gonçalves, L. Strey, V. Schwantes, and H. Nacke. "Kinetics, equilibrium and thermodynamics of the adsorption process of lead using cassava industry wastes." In Green Design, Materials and Manufacturing Processes, 417–22. CRC Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b15002-81.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Cassava waste"
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"Biomethane Potential from Co-digestion of Cassava and Winery Waste in South Africa." In Nov. 27-28, 2017 South Africa. EARES, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.17758/eares.eap1117064.
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Widayati, Niken, Sulhadi Sulhadi, and Teguh Darsono. "Effectiveness of Activated Carbon from Cassava Peel Waste to Reduce TSS (Total Solid Suspended) Levels in Batik Liquid Waste." In Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Science, Education and Technology, ISET 2019, 29th June 2019, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia. EAI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.29-6-2019.2290511.
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Putri, Echa C. J., and Siswo Sumardiono. "Analog rice production of composite materials flour (cassava, avocado seeds, and Tofu waste) for functional food." In PROCEEDINGS OF 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CHEMICAL PROCESS AND PRODUCT ENGINEERING (ICCPPE) 2019. AIP Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5140938.
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Anwar, Khairil, and Sukarjo. "The Effectivity of Making Ethanol By Cassava Skin Waste Using Bread and Tapai Yeast as Activator." In First International Conference on Health, Social Sciences and Technology (ICOHSST 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210415.003.
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Wirjosentono, Basuki, Tamrin, Amir Hamzah Siregar, Diana Adnanda Nasution, Isna Shara Siregar, Siti Sarah Fazira, Hanifah Siregar, and Nurainun Mardhiah. "Addition of Taro, Breadfruit, Seaweeds and Soymilk Waste Powders into Cassava Starch and Corn Powder-based Rice Analogues." In International Conference on Chemical Science and Technology Innovation. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0009005103350338.
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Wirjosentono, Basuki, Tamrin, Amir Hamzah Siregar, Diana Adnanda Nasution, and Paula Netti Sihombing. "Proximate and Physical Characteristics of Cookies Made of Cassava Starch and Wheat Flour Blends Containing Soymilk Waste Powder." In International Conference on Chemical Science and Technology Innovation. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0009005403390342.
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Yuliusman, Mufiid Fatkhurrahman, Samson Patar Sipangkar, Fadel Alfaruq, and Salma Amaliani Putri. "Utilization of cassava peel waste in the preparation of activated carbon by chemical activators of KOH and NaOH." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TRENDS IN MATERIAL SCIENCE AND INVENTIVE MATERIALS: ICTMIM 2020. AIP Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0014404.
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W Songkasiri, W Sasadoor, W Wisitrungruang, S Tipwong, and A Nopharatana. "Increase of Dewatering Efficiency and Starch Recovery using Extractors in Pulp Management for a Native Cassava Starch Production Factory." In International Symposium on Air Quality and Waste Management for Agriculture, 16-19 September 2007, Broomfield, Colorado. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.23912.
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Ávila, Adrian, Víctor Nova, Rafael Gomez, Arnaldo Verdeza, and Jorge M. Mendoza. "Biobriquettes: As a Sustainable Composite Fuel for Rural Areas in Developing Countries." In ASME 2012 6th International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the ASME 2012 10th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2012-91105.
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The province of Cordoba, Colombia, has a 250.000 tons production of corn, which generate about 45.000 tons of cobs per year, which do not represent any value for farmers. The disposal of this agricultural waste has become a source of contamination because is burned in open areas. On the other hand, this province has a considerable production of raw coal; nevertheless, it is characterized by its high sulfur content (1.65%) and low heat value (5111 cal/gr), as a consequence, it has a limited market, but is still used as a fuel. This study proposes the use of biobriquettes that are a composite fuel prepared from a mixture of biomass (corn cob) and coal in a low die press briquetting machine. They consist of different proportions of milled cob (up to 80%) and coal (up to 40%) mixed with a cassava starch based binder. For the mixtures proximal analysis, including sulfur content and heat values of the material was determined according to their composition. The experimental results showed that the biobriquettes compared with the raw coal have between a 92 to 32% lower sulfur content, while the heat value was reduced by 14 to 29%. Therefore, its use will reduce the amount of burned residue in open spaces and consequently the pollution.