Relevant bibliographies by topics / Caste and Varna Based Hierarchy

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Academic literature on the topic 'Caste and Varna Based Hierarchy'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 3 June 2025
Last updated: 1 August 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Caste and Varna Based Hierarchy"

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Bodkhe, R.G. "Impact of Vedic Social Stratification on the Modern Caste System : A Historical Perspective." International Journal of Advance and Applied Research 5, no. 29 (2024): 188–90. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13960093.

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<strong>Abstract : </strong> The caste system in India, rooted in the <strong>Vedic period</strong>, has shaped social, political, and economic dynamics for millennia. This research provides a historical perspective on the <strong>impact of Vedic social stratification</strong> on the modern caste system. The study examines how the ancient <strong>Varna system</strong>&mdash;initially based on occupation&mdash;gradually morphed into the rigid, hereditary caste system we see today. By analyzing the social hierarchy's religious and philosophical underpinnings, the research explores the persistenc
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R.G., Bodkhe. "Impact of Vedic Social Stratification on the Modern Caste System : A Historical Perspective." International Journal of Advance and Applied Research 5, no. 34 (2024): 189–91. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13981764.

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<strong>Abstract : </strong> The caste system in India, rooted in the <strong>Vedic period</strong>, has shaped social, political, and economic dynamics for millennia. This research provides a historical perspective on the <strong>impact of Vedic social stratification</strong> on the modern caste system. The study examines how the ancient <strong>Varna system</strong>&mdash;initially based on occupation&mdash;gradually morphed into the rigid, hereditary caste system we see today. By analyzing the social hierarchy's religious and philosophical underpinnings, the research explores the persistenc
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Kafle, Dol Raj. "Origin and Development of Caste System in Ancient Indian Aryan Society." Researcher CAB: A Journal for Research and Development 2, no. 1 (2023): 51–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/rcab.v2i1.57643.

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This study explores the origin and development of the caste system in ancient Aryan society in India. The caste system is a social construct that has shaped the social, economic, and political landscape of communities for centuries. The study uses a qualitative research design, with the framework based on the principle of the Varna System, meaning the division of labor according to social class. The caste system was established based on occupation and social class, dividing people into four groups: priests, rulers, producers or traders, and manual workers or servants. The caste system has endu
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Khanal, Shiva Prasad. "Socio-economic and Political Deprivation of Hill Dalits (A Study of Gaikhur and Taple Villages of Gorkha District)." Voice of Teacher 7, no. 01 (2022): 123–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/vot.v7i01.51035.

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This paper applies the mix-method approach (both quantitative and qualitative methods) through survey data from Gaikhur and Taple villages of Gorkha district (408 Hill Dalit households and 210 non-Dalit households).The caste hierarchy and varna system created the caste-based discrimination and untouchability practice in Nepal. This paper also explores that because of caste-based discrimination including untouchability prevailed in the villages studies non-Dalits discriminates Dalits in education and participation inreligious and cultural functions in the villages. Further, Dalits are deprivedo
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Mr. Butta Ram. "Echoes of Untouchability in Shimla and Kangra, Himachal Pradesh." International Journal of Management Studies and Social Science Research 07, no. 01 (2025): 225–32. https://doi.org/10.56293/ijmsssr.2025.5424.

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The caste system in India has historically dictated social norms and relationships, reinforcing structural inequalities that impede the progress of marginalized communities. Since ancient times, the ‘Shudras,’ now constitutionally recognized as Scheduled Castes, have been positioned at the lowest rung of the varna hierarchy and subjected to untouchability—practices that persist despite legal prohibitions. This research examines the prevalence and manifestations of untouchability in the Shimla and Kangra districts of Himachal Pradesh, comparing the social, cultural, economic, and political dime
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Yadav, Shiv Kumar. "Dalits in the Past and Present: Experiences of Chamars from Nepal Tarai." Patan Pragya 12, no. 02 (2023): 85–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/pragya.v12i02.64205.

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This paper is about the caste system, status of one of the Dalit community (Chamar) and the change taking place in such community over the period of time. Caste system is the division of people based on occupational diversity which is unique feature of Hindu society.&#x0D; According Hindu varna system, society is hierarchically divided as Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya and Sudra. In this hierarchy, Dalits were kept at the bottom with duty as labourers and service providers. Belonging to Shudra varna they were discriminated in the name of so called untouchable caste. The results of untouchability
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Lohvynenko, I. A., and Ye S. Lohvynenko. "The impact of the varna-caste system on marriage and family relations in India: historical and legal dimension." Law and Safety 96, no. 1 (2025): 119–30. https://doi.org/10.32631/pb.2025.1.10.

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The article examines the process of marriage and family relations formation and development in India. It is shown that in the pre-Aryan period, although women were not equal in rights with men, they still had freedom of choice in marriage and family life. With the emergence of the Aryan tribes, the position of women changed. Her social and family status was determined by her belonging to one of the four varna, the hierarchy of which was fixed by the religious and philosophical teachings of Brahmanism. A woman's dependence on her husband had been growing. The canons of Brahmanism required women
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Sharma, Dr. Krishna Kant. "A Study of Social Mobility, Measure of Class and Prestige in India." Indian Journal of Applied and Clinical Sociology 5, no. 2 (2015): 129–36. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1195593.

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Dr., Bapi Mondal Assistant professor Mahatma Gandhi College Lalpur Purulia West Bengal. "Varna, Caste and duty in the Bhagavad Gita." Siddhanta's International Journal of Advanced Research in Arts & Humanities 2, no. 2 (2024): 28–33. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14241731.

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The word <em>Varna</em> determines a group of people in the society, where we are bound to each other in a same group. Bhagavad Gita says the concept of <em>Varna</em> decided on the basis of our <em>action</em> as it is prescribed by the society. <em>Varna</em> is divided on numbers, that is <em>four Varna (Brahmana, Kshitra, Vaishya, Shudra)</em> and it determines our body color. On the other hand <em>Caste</em> is a small group of people where there is no mobility like <em>Varna</em>, though it has sub - castes. <em>Caste</em> is based on local ritual and occupation. So, both are slightly c
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Jogdand, Yashpal A., Sammyh S. Khan, and Arvind Kumar Mishra. "Understanding the persistence of caste: A commentary on Cotterill, Sidanius, Bhardwaj and Kumar (2014)." Journal of Social and Political Psychology 4, no. 2 (2016): 554–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5964/jspp.v4i2.603.

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We contextualise Cotterill, Sidanius, Bhardwaj, and Kumar’s (2014) paper within a broader literature on caste and collective mobilisation. Cotterill and colleagues’ paper represents a fresh and timely attempt to make sense of the persistence of caste from the perspective of Social Dominance Theory. Cotterill and colleagues, however, do not examine caste differences in the endorsement of karma, and take behavioural asymmetry among lower castes for granted. Cotterill and colleagues also adhere to a Varna model of the caste system that arguably is simplistic and benefits the upper castes of India
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Books on the topic "Caste and Varna Based Hierarchy"

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Jensenius, Francesca R. Chipping Away at the Caste Hierarchy. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190646608.003.0008.

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Chapter 8 is about recognition for SCs in Indian society, and how quotas have affected caste-based discrimination. After summarizing key findings in the literature on intragroup and intergroup relations, and the ritual practices of SCs in India today, the chapter presents evidence from two surveys that provide indications of a lessening in caste-based discrimination in SC-reserved areas. The patterns are not robust and the surveys do not have samples that are representative of large areas, so the findings should be treated as tentative. Nonetheless, in both cases the evidence points toward pot
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Bell, Daniel, and Wang Pei. Just Hierarchy. Princeton University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691200897.001.0001.

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All complex and large-scale societies are organized along certain hierarchies, but the concept of hierarchy has become almost taboo in the modern world. This book contends that this stigma is a mistake. In fact, as the book shows, it is neither possible nor advisable to do away with social hierarchies. The book ask which forms of hierarchy are justified and how these can serve morally desirable goals. It looks at ways of promoting just forms of hierarchy while minimizing the influence of unjust ones, such as those based on race, sex, or caste. Which hierarchical relations are morally justified
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Book chapters on the topic "Caste and Varna Based Hierarchy"

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Maholkar, Santosh Govindrao. "GENEALOGY OF DISCRIMINATION AND CRITIQUE OF CASTE IN THE SELECT INDIAN LITERARY REPRESENTATIONS." In Research Trends in Language, Literature & Linguistics Volume 3 Book 2. Iterative International Publisher, Selfypage Developers Pvt Ltd, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.58532/v3bblt2p1ch10.

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The purpose of this paper is to articulate the genealogy of discrimination and arbitrary caste-based inequality in the light of Indian literary and cultural (con)texts. Thus the paper problematizes the issue of the discrimination in Indian literary and cultural representations, right from the time of great Indian epic The Mahabharta (Eklavya, Karna, Barbarik/Belarsen and other life stories) through the medieval reformist Bhakti poetry to the modern time. In short the paper addresses the following research questions. •In what ways do the study of literary explorations and cultural representatio
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Palshikar, Suhas. "Caste and Politics." In The Oxford Handbook of Indian Politics. Oxford University Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198894261.013.19.

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Abstract This paper explores the complex relationship between caste and politics in India. It traces the development of caste-based politics and investigates how caste influences people's political choices during elections. The study focuses on four major trends since the 1990s: the decline of the Congress party, the rise of the BJP among Other Backward Classes (OBCs), state-level voting patterns, and the unpredictable nature of consistent vote banks. Additionally, the paper examines the dynamics of caste representation among those in political power in India. It delves into issues related to
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Claveyrolas, Mathieu. "Hinduism and Caste System." In The Oxford Handbook of Caste. Oxford University Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198896715.013.15.

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Abstract This chapter argues that the caste system and Hinduism are consubstantial. On the one hand, caste hierarchy, daily practices and social rules are all directly rooted in an overarching, inextricably social and ritual, Hindu ideology. On the other hand, castelessness in mainstream Hinduism is limited to ideological theories - often contradicted by actual practices. The caste system is as pervasive as it is flexible. Castes have been able to prevail at the very core of the Indian society, but also to grow both beyond the limits of Hinduism (in Indian Islam or Christianity), beyond the li
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Svensson, Ted. "Pollution and purity: caste-based discrimination and the mobilisation of Dalit sameness." In The politics of identity. Manchester University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7228/manchester/9781526110244.003.0011.

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Since the late 1990s, Dalit (‘Untouchable’) activists have sought to respond to and contest caste-based discrimination by significantly expanding the scope of Dalit sameness. The idea of a shared, expansive Dalit identity beyond local or national contexts has allowed both for a global layer of activism to develop and for formerly disparate groups or communities to affiliate themselves with the cause against casteist perceptions of pollution, hierarchy and status. Consequently, Dalit identity to some—especially Indian activists long committed to its realisation and relevance—turns into an incre
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Geiger, Andrea. "Negotiating the Boundaries of Race, Caste, and Mibun." In Trans-Pacific Japanese American Studies. University of Hawai'i Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.21313/hawaii/9780824847586.003.0007.

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Cultural attitudes rooted in the Tokugawa-era status system (mibunsei) provided an interpretive framework for the race-based hostility Meiji-era Japanese encountered in the United States and Canada, informing the discursive strategies of Meiji diplomats who sought to refute the claims of anti-Japanese exclusionists by distinguishing Japanese labor migrants from themselves, aiding in the reproduction of Japanese as an excludable category when anti-Japanese elements turned their arguments against all Japanese. Concerns about social hierarchy and the significance of historical status categories (
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Natu, Sadhana. "Enabling spaces for and with marginalised young people: the case of the Disha peer support and speak out group." In Young People, Radical Democracy and Community Development. Policy Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447362753.003.0008.

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This chapter foregrounds the challenges first- and second-generation learners face in Indian higher education campuses by sharing insights gained through the work of Disha, a speak out and peer support group that has been functioning for the last 29 years. Established by the author Dr Sadhana Natu in 1992, Disha is a community-building project based in a psychology department. The chapter shows how thinking from psychology can inform community education processes and how community work can inform a democratic politics of mental health. A key aspect in Disha is the building of friendship and th
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Khandkar, Arundhati C., and Ashok C. Khandkar. "Coming of Age." In Swimming Upstream. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199495153.003.0001.

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Laxmanshastri was born in 1901 and spent the first years living a very traditional life in the small town of Wāi, where society was ordered by caste-based hierarchy handed down from generation to generation over two millennia. His transformation into a Sanskritist and Vedic scholar began when he entered Prādnapāthshālā, a gurukul noted for traditional learning and weaving current political events in the curriculum. In this milieu, inspired by his guru and Lokmanya Tilak, Laxmanshastri developed an abiding commitment to social and religious reforms. Encouraged to learn English by Vinoba Bhave,
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"Indian Ugandan, African Asian, or Both?" In Insecurities of Expulsion. Duke University Press, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1215/9781478060895-006.

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The chapter examines the insecurities of expulsion through African Asian and Indian Ugandan community-building practices, focusing on contestations surrounding ideas and practices of racial difference, social integration, community, and culture, as transnational Ugandan Asian stayees, returnees, and post-1990s South Asian entrepreneurs and migrants remake their livelihoods and homes in urban Uganda. Postcolonial and transnational Ugandan state projects of “Asian” racialization and citizenship shape the ways that contemporary Asian (African Asian and new South Asian) community leaders participa
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Conference papers on the topic "Caste and Varna Based Hierarchy"

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Jayathunga, T. W. M. P. S. "Colourism in advertising: how skin care product advertisements impact women in India." In Integrated Design Research Conference 2024, edited by S. Samarawickrama. Department of Integrated Design, Faculty of Architecture, University of Moratuwa., 2024. https://doi.org/10.31705/idr.2024.1.

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Skin-lightening products are arguably the best example of the powerful impact of advertising on people’s psycho-social behaviour. South Asians are notorious when it comes to their obsession with lighter skin tones. In India, the biggest market for skin-lightening skincare products, this phenomenon is fuelled by centuries of historical, political, social, religious, and geographical segregation as well as the influence of Western media (Mishra, 2015). By considering the negative impact of fairness cream use and the promotion of skin-lightening products, The Indian Ministry of Health and Welfare
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Reports on the topic "Caste and Varna Based Hierarchy"

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Urzainqui, David Garcés. Symbolic discrimination and material deprivation of historically disadvantaged groups in India. Data and Evidence to End Extreme Poverty, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.55158/deepwp23.

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It is widely understood that the ultimate goal of eliminating material deprivation through broadly shared economic development is giving people the means to lead lives they have reason to value, as formulated in Amartya Sen’s capability approach. However, in ndia, it is critical to keep in mind when evaluating progress in poverty reduction that, for historically disadvantaged groups, economic disadvantage is compounded by the persistence of various forms of derogatory treatment based on their caste identity. It is undeniable that hierarchical elements rooted in the ritual origins of caste cont
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