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Journal articles on the topic 'Caste-conflict'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 June 2025

Last updated: 15 July 2025

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1

Borooah, Vani Kant, Anirudh Tagat, and Vinod Mishra. "Conflict, caste and resolution: a quantitative analysis for Indian villages." Indian Growth and Development Review 13, no. 2 (2019): 319–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/igdr-08-2019-0087.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide a quantitative assessment of caste-based conflict in India. The data for this paper are from the Rural Economic and Demographic Survey (REDS) of 2006 encompassing 8,659 households in 242 villages in 18 Indian states. Design/methodology/approach Using these data, the authors examine two broad issues: the sources of conflict in rural India and the degree to which these sources contribute to caste-basted, as opposed to non-caste-based conflict; the sources of conflict resolution in rural India: are some conflict-resolving agencies more effective at

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2

Gabriel, Theodore. "Caste conflict In Kalpeni Island." Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 51, no. 3 (1988): 489–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0041977x00116489.

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Kalpeni is one of the islands of the enchantingly beautiful small archipelago known as Lakshadweep, a group of diminutive coral islands lying off the southwest coast of India, scattered on the Arabian sea 200 to 400 kilometres off the Kerala Coast. The islands, though small, are densely populated-inhabited by an interesting tribal people, who are engaged mainly in cultivation of the coconut tree, and as a side-line, in fishing. The archipelago is part of the Republic of India, and is ruled directly by the Central Government since 1958. The events narrated in this article, however, took place w

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3

Brown, Diana. "Griots at War: Conflict, Conciliation, and Caste in Mande:Griots at War: Conflict, Conciliation, and Caste in Mande." American Anthropologist 105, no. 1 (2003): 192–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/aa.2003.105.1.192.

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4

JOHARI, DR SANJAY. "Caste Conflict In Vijay Tendulkar’s Play ‘Kanyadan’." Journal of Language and Linguistics in Society, no. 12 (November 18, 2021): 7–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.55529/jlls.12.7.11.

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Literature is the mirror of society. This is so because literature gives shape to civilization and impacts on social norms. It changes the entire atmosphere. Mostly literature changes the political issues and it also exposes in justice. Literature presents before us the real human existence. In English literature there are many dramatists who present the emerging issues in the contemporary life. Girish Karnard, Mahesh Dattni and Vijay Tendulkar are the famous dramatists who show the mirrorto the society by their deft artistic excellence. Vijay Tendulkar one of the most celebrated marathi drama

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5

Nouman, Abdullah, and Vibha Sharma. "Unbecoming of a unified religion: A Foucauldian reading of Girish Karnad’s Tale-danda and the Lingayat plight." Indian Theatre Journal 8, no. 1 (2024): 59–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/itj_00039_1.

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Based on the theme of caste conflict in Girish Karnad’s play Tale-danda, this article aims to delineate how a sub-sect of a majoritarian (Hindu) community endeavoured to establish itself as a distinct religious group (Lingayatism), failed miserably in its mission, and how it is forced to ultimately merge itself into the larger community. The article will explore the reasons for its failure from the events of Karnad’s play Tale-danda, written against the backdrop of the actual events of the Lingayat Movement led by the poet–saint Basavanna in the twelfth-century CE Karnataka. In the play, Karna

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6

Verghese, Ajay. "A Political Scientist Among the Anthropologists." Modern Asian Studies 51, no. 4 (2017): 1223–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x17000701.

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One of the central questions driving my research as a political scientist is understanding why ethnic conflict in multi-ethnic states revolves around one identity rather than another. Why, for example, do some regions of a diverse polity like India experience recurrent religious conflict whereas other regions experience severe caste conflict? In my book,The Colonial Origins of Ethnic Violence in India, I argue that these patterns of conflict are shaped by the legacies of British rule, especially the enduring divide between directly ruled provinces and indirectly ruled princely states. I conten

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7

Bourke, Andrew F. G., and Francis L. W. Ratnieks. "Kin conflict over caste determination in social Hymenoptera." Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 46, no. 5 (1999): 287–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002650050622.

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8

Jassal, Smita Tewari. "‘Most Backward Castes’, State Neglect and Rage: Violence in Rural North India." Contributions to Indian Sociology 57, no. 1-2 (2023): 64–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00699659231205438.

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Complaints filed in Indian police stations offer a unique lens on the marginality and violence experienced by a range of castes recognised as Other Backward Classes (OBC), beneficiaries of the state’s reservation policies. Focusing on reports registered by a caste group within the OBC category, this article illuminates two separate forms of violent conflict: inter-caste conflicts over scarce resources within the Nishad/Mallah caste and their competition and strife with other upwardly mobile disadvantaged groups. The failure of the state to offer vulnerable groups protection is a critical eleme

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9

Shifa. "Bharathiyar's Patriotism and Ethnic Conflict Solutions." International Research Journal of Tamil 4, S-11 (2022): 208–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.34256/irjt224s1130.

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Caste has existed since ancient times till today. It can be understood that the origin of caste cruelty was the primary reason for the emergence of the race of ruler and slave on the basis of possession of the land. After that, there was discrimination between superiors and inferiors, and there was division among people in the name of caste and race. Both of them danced wildly, like uncontrollable demons. The land looks like a battlefield. People should live according to the guidance of these wise men so that conflicts and struggles disappear. Mahakavi Bharathi felt sorry for the religious and

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10

Shah, Saroj Kumar. "Rebel Body against the Caste System in Ahuti's "Gahungoro Africa"." BMC Research Journal 3, no. 1 (2024): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/bmcrj.v3i1.69173.

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Applying body politics, this research paper attempts to explore the rebel body against the caste system in Ahuti's "Gahungoro Africa". First published in Mulyankan monthly magazine in 2051, the poem "Gahungoro Africa" satirically airs its voice against those oppressors who exploit Dalit laborers in different ways. The poet raises the issue of Dalits considering them touched or untouched during the caste system. The researcher makes a strong argument that the so-called low-caste Dalit people should be given the right to justice and freedom at any cost by abolishing caste discrimination entirely

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11

Kabir, Md Shamsul. "Caste System Turns into A Social Curse and Social Discrimination: A Study of Mulk Raj Anand’s Untouchable in the Perspective of Post-independence Bangladesh." International Journal of English Literature and Social Sciences 8, no. 5 (2023): 231–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijels.85.37.

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The caste system roots in the heart of Hinduism and falls apart Hindus into touchable and untouchable. The sweepers are regarded as untouchables and are given no choice and access to their social life. The caste system in Hinduism and, therefore, in the Hindu-majored nation in India is a strong social discriminatory hierarchy that has been exercised for more than two millenniums. Mulk Raj Anand, with a firm belief in the dignity and equality of all human beings, attempts to project a panoramic scene of the caste system by beckoning a single day from the diary of Bakha, an untouchable boy who i

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12

Westley, David M., and Barbara G. Hoffman. "Griots at War: Conflict, Conciliation and Caste in Mande." Canadian Journal of African Studies / Revue Canadienne des Études Africaines 36, no. 2 (2002): 382. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4107219.

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13

Mclaughlin, Fiona. "Griots at War: Conflict, Conciliation, and Caste in Mande." Journal of Linguistic Anthropology 14, no. 1 (2004): 118–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jlin.2004.14.1.118.

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14

Roberts, Michael. "On a Review of Caste Conflict and Elite Formation." Journal of Asian Studies 45, no. 2 (1986): 365–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021911800064858.

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15

Arnoldi, Mary Jo. "Griots at War: Conflict, Conciliation, and Caste in Mande." African Arts 37, no. 3 (2004): 86–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/afar.2004.37.3.86.

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16

Jansen, Jan, and Barbara G. Hoffman. "Griots at War: Conflict, Conciliation, and Caste in Mande." International Journal of African Historical Studies 34, no. 1 (2001): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3097306.

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Barber, Karin. "Griots at War: Conflict, Conciliation, and Caste in Mande." American Ethnologist 29, no. 4 (2002): 1004–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/ae.2002.29.4.1004.

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18

Paramsothy, Thanges. "Inter-caste Marriage in Conflict Settings: War, Displacement, and Social Conditions in Cross-caste Kinship Formations in Jaffna, Northern SriLanka." Journal of South Asian Studies 7, no. 2 (2019): 39–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.33687/jsas.007.02.2868.

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The war and subsequent displacements changed the social and spatial practices around caste, which resulted in an increase in inter-caste marriages, which had been taboo before. This unintentional rebellion was mounted to the very core of caste through these inter-caste marriages. However, the new caste practices and performances that now revolved around these new inter-caste kin networks continued to reproduce old hierarchies, even as it created space for change. This study highlights how various determining factors such as repeated displacement of families, the close geographic proximity resu

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19

O'Hanlon, Rosalind. "Caste, Conflict and Ideology: Mahatma Jotinao Phule and Low Caste Protest in Nineteenth-Century Western India." Labour / Le Travail 18 (1986): 314. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/25142749.

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20

Leonard, Karen, and Rosalind O'Hanlon. "Caste, Conflict, and Ideology: Mahatma Jotirao Phule and Low Caste Protest in Nineteenth-Century Western India." American Historical Review 92, no. 2 (1987): 473. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1866753.

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21

Beteille, Andre, and Rosalind O'Hanlon. "Caste, Conflict and Ideology: Mahatma Jotirao Phule and Low Caste Protest in Nineteenth Century Western India." Man 21, no. 3 (1986): 578. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2803149.

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Murphy, Eamon, and Rosalind O'Hanlon. "Caste, Conflict and Ideology: Mahatma Jotirao Phule and Low Caste Protest in Nineteenth-Century Western India." Pacific Affairs 60, no. 4 (1987): 689. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2759214.

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23

Nath, Yogini, Joel Paris, Brett Thombs, and Laurence Kirmayer. "Prevalence and social determinants of suicidal behaviours among college youth in India." International Journal of Social Psychiatry 58, no. 4 (2011): 393–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020764011401164.

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Background: Little is known about the prevalence of and factors associated with suicide ideation and suicide attempts among college youth in India. Aims: The aims were to estimate the prevalence of suicidal behaviours among Indian college students and identify potential risk factors for suicide ideation and attempts. Method: The study surveyed 1,817 undergraduate college students aged 18–24 years in Ahmedabad, Gujarat, with a questionnaire that assessed suicidal behaviours as well as stressful situations and life events. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess risk factors. Results: Th

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24

Prof. Vijay. F. Nagannawar and Pooja Kamble. "Deconstructing the Identity of Dalit Women and Brahmanism in U.R.Ananthmurthy's Samskara." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CREATIVE RESEARCH THOUGHTS 11, no. 6 (2023): c350—c357. http://dx.doi.org/10.56975/189gxj60.

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This article talks about the theme of Understanding the Identity and deconstructing it of the low-caste women characters and their portrayal that is significant in the framework developed by upper-caste men in the novel, which engages with the issues of caste and gender in terms of the conflict between tradition and modernity. The paper attempts to discuss how Brahmanic structures are constructive to the identities and sexualities of the lower caste woman, and also reveal how the female body is constructed by the Brahmin patriarchy, and how the low caste women as objects of sexuality are being

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Dinkar Asha Kamble, Sheetal. "CASTE, GENDER, AND PEDAGOGY:PERCEPTION OF DALIT STUDENTS INRURAL INDIA." International Journal of Advanced Research 10, no. 07 (2022): 1064–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/15131.

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The dropout rate of Dalit students s in Maharashtrastate, especially girls, is steadily increasing. Therefore, it is important to understand the caste and gender relationship in the education system in India. On that basis, I introduce the pedagogy of that caste and gender as a method of teaching in the classroom. As a Dalit feminist,I am looking at the Dalit student perceptions regarding classrooms in rural India.The roots of this discourse are found in Paulo Freres explanation of the method of teaching Pedagogy of the Oppressed. The research presented is the result of experiences dealing wit

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26

Strassmann, Joan E., Barry W. Sullender, and David C. Queller. "Caste totipotency and conflict in a large–colony social insect." Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 269, no. 1488 (2002): 263–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2001.1880.

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27

Lee, Raymond L. M., and R. Rajoo. "Sanskritization and Indian Ethnicity in Malaysia." Modern Asian Studies 21, no. 2 (1987): 389–415. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x0001386x.

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M. N. Srinivas (1952) first introduced the concept of ‘Sanskritization’ for describing cultural and social change among the Coorgs of South India. More specifically, the term was used to explain the integration of Coorgs into Indian society through their adoption of various Sanskritbased beliefs and practices. It also referred to caste mobility, a process whereby the Coorgs attempted to raise their caste status by observing various rules of behavior as defined in Sanskritic scriptures and practiced by Brahmins. In elaborating this concept, Srinivas (1956, 1967) has sought to extend it to India

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Fonseca, António Filipe, Sohhom Bandyopadhyay, Jorge Louçã, and Jaison Manjaly. "Caste in the News: A Computational Analysis of Indian Newspapers." Social Media + Society 5, no. 4 (2019): 205630511989605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2056305119896057.

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Conflicts involving caste issues, mainly concerning the lowest caste rights, pervade modern Indian society. Caste affiliation, being rigorously enforced by the society, is an official contemporary reality. Although caste identity is a major social discrimination, it also serves as a necessary condition for affirmative action like reservation policy. In this article, we perform an original and rigorous analysis of the discourse involving the theme “caste” in India newspapers. To this purpose, we have implemented a computational analysis over a big dataset of the 2016 and 2017 editions of three

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29

LYNCH, OWEN M. "Caste, Conflict and Ideology: Mahatma Jotirao Phule and Low Caste Protest in Nineteenth-Century Western India . ROSALIND O'HANLON." American Ethnologist 13, no. 4 (1986): 811–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/ae.1986.13.4.02a00200.

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30

Miloy, Banerjee*. "Major Racial Events Plaguing Indian Society in the Past 50 Years: A Sociological Analysis." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 3, no. 5 (2025): 2075–87. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15395854.

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This report provides a sociological analysis of major racial events that have plagued Indian society in the past 50 years, understanding "racial issues" in the Indian context as encompassing discrimination and conflict based on caste, ethnicity, and tribal identity. Despite constitutional protections, entrenched social inequalities have manifested in numerous instances of discrimination and violence. Major events analyzed include persistent caste- based discrimination and violence against Dalits , ethnic conflicts and discrimination against non- locals and North- East Indians , communal violen

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31

Singh, Surinder. "Deras, Identity, and Caste Cleavages in the Sikh-Dominated Society of Punjab." Religions 15, no. 9 (2024): 1039. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel15091039.

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The argument of the paper is that deras, as religio-spiritual and philanthropic organizations, play a critical role in the identity formation of their followers (by providing them distinct symbols, sacred texts, gurus, cultural traits, codes of conduct, rituals, and prayers), which score the social surface and carve out numbers of distinct religio-cultural groups in the Sikh-dominated society of Punjab. Moreover, the value gainsay, along with the orchestrated identity formation process of deras, generates conflict in the Sikh-dominated society of Punjab, which deepens the prevailing social cle

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Abhimanyu, kumar. "Scheduled Caste Protest In Relation To Various Discriminations Made To Them in the Society." International Journal of Case Studies 5, no. 10 (2016): 01–21. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3533532.

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: In this paper I have shown an analysis of news items collected from secondary sources, i.e. the news paper and findings which have come out from this analysis. As we have said earlier that data for this study have also been collected form secondary sources. For collecting data we have selected Hindi News Papers Dainik Jagran and Amar Ujala for identifying events. I have collected the news cutting of various news items which are related to the scheduled caste protests in western U.P District (Meerut) during last Five years from 2005 to 2010. On the basis of these items we have made an effort

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Michelutti, Lucia, and Oliver Heath. "The politics of entitlement." Focaal 2013, no. 65 (2013): 56–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/fcl.2013.650106.

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This article focuses on the struggles and shifting political strategies of two major political players in northern India: the Yadavs (a low-to-middle ranking pastoral agricultural caste) and the dalits (former untouchables, which in the region mainly come from the Chamar caste) and their political parties, the Samaj wadi Party and the Bahujan Samaj Party, respectively. Both communities (and political parties) have strongly benefited from affirmative action policies over the last three decades. We argue that that these affirmative action policies, and the political rhetoric that has tended to a

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Fernandes, Leela. "Unsettled Territories: State, Civil Society, and the Politics of Religious Conversion in India." Politics and Religion 4, no. 1 (2010): 108–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1755048310000490.

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AbstractThe article argues that the secular Indian state and the Hindu nationalist movement are invested in restricting changes in religious membership in ways that intensify religious and caste-based inequalities. The secular state and the Hindu nationalist movement attempt to enforce a shared model of religion that takes the form of a fixed territory. In this model, changes in religious membership through conversion are restricted. An analysis of state-civil society interactions in India must therefore move away from a presumed opposition between state secularism on the one hand and religiou

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35

Mattam, Joseph. "Who Is My Neighbour in India?" AUC: Asian Journal of Religious Studies Nov-Dec 2021, no. 66/6 (2021): 37–45. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5516845.

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In our country due to the caste mentality that ruled the minds and hearts of people for centuries, ill treatment of Dalits continues. I give a list of events where Dalits have been mistreated in various parts of the country, especially in North India. It seems something natural to Indians to ill treat a Dalit, as if it is his/her due; they deserve to be treated that way. That is the way the caste people seem to think and behave. It is high time that we recognize the foolishness in the caste system and give it up completely and treat every human as equal to one another. This call to equality do

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Wenseleers, Tom, Adam G. Hart, Francis L. W. Ratnieks, and Javier J. G. Quezada-Euan. "Queen Execution and Caste Conflict in the Stingless Bee Melipona beecheii." Ethology 110, no. 9 (2004): 725–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0310.2004.01008.x.

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Saravanan, Velayutham, and R. Shanthakumari. "Social transformation and caste conflict in a village in Tamil Nadu." Social Change 31, no. 4 (2001): 70–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004908570103100405.

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Khan, D. S. "Is God an Untouchable? A Case of Caste Conflict in Rajasthan." Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East 18, no. 1 (1998): 21–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/1089201x-18-1-21.

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Zanke, Subhash P. "Caste and Class Conflict in Mulk Raj Anand's Untouchable and Coolie." RESEARCH REVIEW International Journal of Multidisciplinary 4, no. 1 (2019): 199–202. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2540848.

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Mulk Raj Anand is a stalwart of Indian English literature. He is a novelist par excellence. Translated into many languages in India and abroad, he has been universally acclaimed as a progressive writer. One of the important features of Mulk Raj Anand"s writing is the truthful portrayal of the Indian society – a society which is sandwiched between and fractured by so many evils and corruptions. Some of these are superstitions, untouchability, political upheavals and merciless persecution of underprivileged and the deserted. His characters are always in constant search for their ident

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Lawson, Nicholas, and Dean Spears. "Those who can't sort, steal: caste, occupational mobility, and rent-seeking in rural India." Journal of Demographic Economics 87, no. 1 (2021): 107–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/dem.2020.21.

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AbstractThree important features of Indian labor markets enduringly coexist: rent-seeking, occupational immobility, and caste. These facts are puzzling, given theories that predict static, equilibrium social inequality without conflict. Our model explains these facts as an equilibrium outcome. Some people switch caste-associated occupations for an easier source of rents, rather than for productivity. This undermines trust between castes and shuts down occupational mobility, which further encourages rent-seeking due to an inability of workers to sort into occupations. We motivate our contributi

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Oh, Suanna. "Does Identity Affect Labor Supply?" American Economic Review 113, no. 8 (2023): 2055–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.20211826.

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How does identity influence economic behavior in the labor market? I investigate this question in rural India, focusing on the effect of caste identity on job-specific labor supply. In a field experiment, laborers choose whether to take up various job offers, which differ in associations with specific castes. Workers are less willing to accept offers that are linked to castes other than their own, especially when those castes rank lower in the social hierarchy. Workers forgo large payments to avoid job offers that conflict with their caste identity, even when these decisions are made in privat

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Kumar, Sachin, and Sanjeev Kumar. "Sectarian Diversity to Shared Identity: Examining the Caste Formation of the Bairagi Community in Colonial India." South Asian Journal of Social Studies and Economics 21, no. 12 (2024): 170–81. https://doi.org/10.9734/sajsse/2024/v21i12927.

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Vaishnavism as a form of devotion remained an important part of the social milieu across space and time in the Indian subcontinent. In medieval times many new forms of devotion were propounded by Ramanuja, Chaitanya, Madhvacharya, and others who worship different forms of Vishnu incarnation. This paper shows how different Vishnuites sects united and came under the single umbrella term “Bairagi”. Furthermore, the primary focus of this study lies in unravelling the intricate complexities associated with the formation of the Bairagi caste. How “multiple identity bearing community” developed caste

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Kavya, P. "The Dark side of Tradition: Unveiling Honor Killing, Caste Oppression in Perumaol Murugan’s Pyre." Shanlax International Journal of Arts, Science and Humanities 12, S1 (2024): 18–20. https://doi.org/10.34293/sijash.v12is1.8324.

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The novel Pyre is written by an Indian Writer Perumal Murugan and subsequently been translated by Aniruddhan Vasudevan into English in 2016. The novel sets in a village focusing on the life of an young couple Kumaresan and Saroja and the challenges they face after their inter caste marriage. Murugan continues to focus on the potent symbol of the conflict between love and caste. This novel unlikely to have a happy ending, it is because of this novel’s journey towards undeniable outcomes that disturbs the insights of the human about the treatment of the vulnerable castes and its guardians domina

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Bhatia, Mohita. "“Dalits” in Jammu and Kashmir." Asian Survey 54, no. 5 (2014): 941–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/as.2014.54.5.941.

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This article argues that socio-political responses of Scheduled Castes in Jammu and Kashmir do not neatly fit into the category of “Dalit assertion.” Rather than simply prioritizing their caste concerns, Scheduled Castes manifest a diversified and ambiguous response, especially as they engage with the conflict-centered political discourse of the state.

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Ponniah, James. "Adoption of Caste by Christian and Jewish Communities in India." International Journal of Asian Christianity 6, no. 2 (2023): 208–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/25424246-06020005.

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Abstract This essay investigates how caste, the most problematic cultural category of India, renders Indian versions of two Abrahamic religions, Judaism and Christianity, a site of ambivalence and conflict. It explores how caste has played out differently in the lives of two Abrahamic religious communities, i.e., the Christians and the Jews at two different locales, Kerala and Andhra. In Kerala, both Syrian Christians and Cochin Jews adopted caste as the given social order of the host country. They practised it to their advantage as it not only made it possible for them to get integrated into

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46

Suri, K. C. "Competing interests, social conflict and the politics of caste reservations in India." Nationalism and Ethnic Politics 1, no. 2 (1995): 229–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13537119508428430.

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47

Wenseleers, T., F. L. W. Ratnieks, and J. Billen. "Caste fate conflict in swarm-founding social Hymenoptera: an inclusive fitness analysis." Journal of Evolutionary Biology 16, no. 4 (2003): 647–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1420-9101.2003.00574.x.

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Ratnieks, Francis. "Heirs and spares: caste conflict and excess queen production in Melipona bees." Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 50, no. 5 (2001): 467–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002650100388.

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Mukund, Kanakalatha. "Caste Conflict in South India in Early Colonial Port Cities—1650-1800." Studies in History 11, no. 1 (1995): 1–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/025764309501100101.

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O'HANLON, ROSALIND. "Caste and its Histories in Colonial India: A reappraisal." Modern Asian Studies 51, no. 2 (2017): 432–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x16000408.

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Abstract:

AbstractDavid Washbrook's influential early work on South India set the terms for much subsequent debate about caste, with its exploration of the key role of the colonial state in shaping caste ideologies and institutions. Over subsequent decades, historians and anthropologists have come increasingly to emphasise the ‘colonial construction’ of caste and its enduring legacies in post-colonial India. Yet there were also significant continuities linking the forms of colonial caste with much earlier regional histories of conflict and debate, whose legacies can be traced into the late colonial peri

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