Journal articles: 'Cat coffee'

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Watanabe, Hikaru, Chong Han Ng, Vachiranee Limviphuvadh, Shinya Suzuki, and Takuji Yamada. "Gluconobacter dominates the gut microbiome of the Asian palm civet Paradoxurus hermaphroditus that produces kopi luwak." PeerJ 8 (July 30, 2020): e9579. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.9579.

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Coffee beans derived from feces of the civet cat are used to brew coffee known as kopi luwak (the Indonesian words for coffee and palm civet, respectively), which is one of the most expensive coffees in the world owing to its limited supply and strong market demand. Recent metabolomics studies have revealed that kopi luwak metabolites differ from metabolites found in other coffee beans. To produce kopi luwak, coffee beans are first eaten by civet cats. It has been proposed that fermentation inside the civet cat digestive tract may contribute to the distinctively smooth flavor of kopi luwak, but the biological basis has not been determined. Therefore, we characterized the microbiome of civet cat feces using 16S rRNA gene sequences to determine the bacterial taxa that may influence fermentation processes related to kopi luwak. Moreover, we compared this fecal microbiome with that of 14 other animals, revealing that Gluconobacter is a genus that is, uniquely found in feces of the civet cat. We also found that Gluconobacter species have a large number of cell motility genes, which may encode flagellar proteins allowing colonization of the civet gut. In addition, genes encoding enzymes involved in the metabolism of hydrogen sulfide and sulfur-containing amino acids were over-represented in Gluconobacter. These genes may contribute to the fermentation of coffee beans in the digestive tract of civet cats.

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Burns, Duncan Thorburn, and Michael J. Walker. "Critical Review of Analytical and Bioanalytical Verification of the Authenticity of Coffee." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 103, no. 2 (March 2020): 283–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5740/jaoacint.18-0392.

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Abstract Background: The driving factors for the commercial adulteration of coffee are reviewed. Objective: Methods have been assessed for the identification of the most common materials used to adulterate coffee by dilution, to establish the geographic origins, the genotypes of beans, and to assess the authenticity of Kopi Luwak coffee. Method: The literature was surveyed manually and electronically from 1820 to 2018. Results: A flow diagram has been developed to summarize the best approaches to deal with the authentication of coffee. Conclusions: Encouragement is given to the interlaboratory validation of spectroscopic approaches, the exploration of civet cat deoxyribonucleic acid for the identification of Kopi Luwak, and the development of appropriately large and well-curated datasets of authenticity information across multiple techniques. Highlights: The current analytical difficulties in the authentication of coffee are highlighted and suggestions made to improve the situation.

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Tannuri, Luciano Abi Rached, Everaldo Antônio Lopes, Willian Rodrigues Macedo, and Ellen Júnia Canedo. "Exogenous application of salicylic acid to control coffee rust." Acta Scientiarum. Biological Sciences 43 (March 23, 2021): e54495. http://dx.doi.org/10.4025/actascibiolsci.v43i1.54495.

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The exogenous application of salicylic acid can induce plant resistance against pathogens. However, little is known about the potential uses of this bioregulator for controlling coffee diseases. In this study, we assessed the effect of applying salicylic acid (SA – 150 mg L-1) on the management of coffee rust (Hemileia vastatrix) in a 7-year-old coffee plantation with low crop load (651.6 kg ha-1 in 2017). For comparison, plants were sprayed with protectant fungicide (copper hydroxide – CH) and standard fungicides (SF) used by local farmers (boscalid, pyraclostrobin + epoxiconazole, and copper hydroxide). Non-treated plants were included as a negative control. Five monthly applications were performed from November 2016 to March 2017. Rust incidence and severity, defoliation, and growth of plagiotropic branches were evaluated monthly. The activity of catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and total proteins was assessed one day after the first, third, and fifth product applications. Compared to untreated plants, SA reduced the severity and incidence of rust from 36.3 to 54.7%, while CH and SF reduced disease from 31.8 to 54.6% and from 83.8 to 88%, respectively. SA reduced defoliation by 54.1%. SA increased the concentration of CAT, APX, and SOD after the first application. However, this effect was not observed after subsequent applications. Foliar application of SA reduces the severity and incidence of coffee rust and defoliation in plants with a low crop load.

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Andrade, Camila Cristina Lage de, Rayssa Pereira Vicentin, Josineide Rodrigues Costa, Fabiano José Perina, Mario Lúcio Vilela de Resende, and Eduardo Alves. "Alterations in antioxidant metabolism in coffee leaves infected by Cercospora coffeicola." Ciência Rural 46, no. 10 (June 27, 2016): 1764–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20150938.

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ABSTRACT: Brown eye spot (BE) caused by Cercospora coffeicola is the main disease of coffee crop. A variation in symptoms of BE has been reported in the field, raising suspicion of occurrence of new species. However, information about coffee- C. coffeicola interaction is still limited. This research aimed to determine the difference between antioxidant metabolism of coffee plants cultivar Mundo Novo inoculated with a strain isolated from a common BE lesion (CML 2984) and a strain isolated from a black BE lesion (CML 2985). The enzyme activity of peroxidase (POX), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) were determined. Activities of POX, APX, and PAL increased in plants inoculated with both strains compared to non-inoculated plants at 12 and 24 hours post inoculation (hpi). CAT activity increased in inoculated plants with black BE strain at 24 hpi and both strains at 48 hpi. The SOD activity only increased in inoculated plants with both strains at 48 hpi. These results show that an elevated antioxidant response was observed when the plants were challenged with both strains of C. coffeicola. Both strains produced lesions of the common type, suggesting that other factors lead to the development of black BE lesion type under field conditions and further investigation is needed.

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Galiguis, J., M. C. Gómez, C. E. Pope, B. L. Dresser, and S. P. Leibo. "74 MECHANICAL DELIPIDATION IMPROVES CRYOSURVIVAL AND IN VITRO DEVELOPMENT OF VITRIFIED CAT OOCYTES." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 23, no. 1 (2011): 142. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv23n1ab74.

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Although considerable progress has been made in the development of successful methods for cryopreservation of embryos, oocytes are much less cryotolerant. There appears to be an inverse relationship between cryosurvival and intracellular lipid levels. For example, cat oocytes, which appear microscopically as coffee-coloured, nearly opaque spheres due to their high lipid content, are extremely sensitive to cryopreservation. Oocyte delipidation thus represents a potential approach to improving cryosurvival. The objectives of the present study were to examine 1) the effects of calcium (Ca2+, 0 v. 10 nM), FBS (0 v. 10%), and cytochalasin B (CB, 7.5 v. 20.0 μg mL–1) during mechanical delipidation by high-speed centrifugation on in vitro development of IVM cat oocytes, and 2) the influence of centrifugation, degree of lipid polarization (partial v. full), and co-culture with cat fetal fibroblasts (CFF) on in vitro development of vitrified IVM cat oocytes. In Experiment 1, oocytes were randomly allocated to each centrifugation medium and centrifuged at 12 000 × g for 20 min. Oocytes were then fertilized with epididymal sperm (motile sperm mL–1) and cultured until Day 8 (Pope et al. 2006 Theriogenology 66, 59–71). In Experiment 2, oocytes were centrifuged with the optimal centrifugation medium obtained in experiment 1, allocated to each treatment and vitrified in a solution of 15% DMSO, 15% ethylene glycol, and 18% sucrose (2008 Reprod. Fertil. Dev. 20, 188). Liquified oocytes were fertilized and cultured until Day 8. In both experiments, cleavage and degeneration rates were determined on Day 2 and blastocyst development on Day 8. Data were analysed by 2-way ANOVA and chi-square tests. In Experiment 1, of 939 oocytes that were centrifuged and fertilized, 40% of those treated in 0 nM Ca2+ cleaved and 22% developed into blastocysts, v. 33 and 6%, respectively, in 10 nM Ca2+ (P < 0.05). The respective cleavage and degeneration frequencies for oocytes treated in 10% FBS were 43 and 19% v. 19 and 3% in 0% FBS (P < 0.05). Cleavage and blastocyst development after treatment with 7.5 and 20.0 μg mL–1 CB were 36 and 15% v. 42 and 22%, respectively. In Experiment 2, 493 oocytes were vitrified/liquified and fertilized. The degeneration, cleavage, and blastocyst rates of non-centrifuged oocytes were 49, 21, and 0% v. 31 (P < 0.05), 38 (P < 0.05), and 7%, respectively, of centrifuged oocytes. Of centrifuged oocytes with partially extruded lipids, 34% degenerated, 34% cleaved, and 4% developed into blastocysts v. 29, 42, and 10%, respectively, of oocytes with fully extruded lipids. Degeneration, cleavage and blastocyst rates of co-cultured v. control oocytes were 18, 36, and 10%, v. 26 (P < 0.05), 34, and 3%, respectively. In summary, cryotolerance of domestic cat oocytes to vitrification was 1) affected by their lipid content, and 2) improved by mechanical reduction of intracellular lipids. When oocytes were fully delipidated in Ca2+-free medium containing 10% FBS and 20.0 μg mL–1 CB before vitrification and co-cultured after IVF with CFF, blastocyst development was similar to that of control, non-vitrified oocytes.

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Mohd Noor Keeflee, Siti Nurathirah Kamaliah, Wan Nur Azra Wan Mohd Zain, Muhammad Nuruddin Mohd Nor, Nurul’ Ain Jamion, and Soon Kong Yong. "Growth and metal uptake of spinach with application of co-compost of cat manure and spent coffee ground." Heliyon 6, no. 9 (September 2020): e05086. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05086.

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Ghanem, Aml, Osama M. Abonama, Ahmed I. Abd El Maksoud, Mokhtar M. El-Zawahry, and Dalia Elebeedy. "Symbiotic effect of lactobacillus acidophilus, Ginger, Pineapple and Green Coffee in the complex management of obesity in rats." EJMM-Volume 30-Issue 1 30, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 143–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.51429/ejmm30118.

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Background: Obesity is a chronic metabolic disease associated with having excess body fat that could be influenced by many factors. Our study aimed to assess the powerful effect of Lactobacillus acidophilus alone or combined (symbiotic) with Prebiotic such as Ginger, Pineapple and Green Coffee as anti-obesity agents. Methodology: Using 8 groups (10 rats each) of Sprague-Dawley rats, Group 1 was kept as a negative control, Group 2 positive control, while other groups were orally given Lactobacillus acidophilus, Ginger, Pineapple and Green Coffee individually and in combination with Probiotics, for 45 days till the end of the experiment while the body weight of rats was recorded.Blood samples were collected for biochemical parameters analysis and organs were dissected and homogenized to analyze obesity-related biomarkers, Results: Our results revealed that either individual or mixed administration of this pro and prebiotics decreased the body and organs, specifically those treated with the mixture or probiotic and prebiotic, also serum (HDL), CAT), and (SOD) was decreased (P <0.05), while other biochemical parameters (T.G), (CHOL), (U.A), (Creat), Urea, (GOT),(GPT) and (ALP); ( significantly (P<0.05) was decreased when compared with the positive control group, Nevertheless, the histopathological examination showed the reduction of adipose tissue in kidney, liver, and Pancreas showed overestimate reductions in the percentage of body fat. Conclusions: This study showed a promising effect of Lactobacillus acidophilus when it combined with these plants as natural feed additives on obesity.

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Kharisma, Bayu, and Yudha Hadian Nur. "Penentuan Komoditas Perkebunan Unggulan di Provinsi Jawa Barat." Media Trend 14, no. 1 (April 2, 2019): 73–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.21107/mediatrend.v14i1.4779.

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This paper aims to analyze superior plantation commodities in West Java Province, identify plantation superior commodities according to current potential aspects and future prospects and develop strategies for developing plantation superior commodities as a basis for reference to the direction of plantation development policies in West Java Province. The methodology used in this study is the Exponential Comparison Method (MPE) and the Borda Method to determine the potential of superior plantation commodity products. The next stage is to do projections (forecasting) by mapping the various commodities based on the results of the assessment of the current prospect and potential factors. Finally, formulate a variety of alternative strategies based on current potential and future prospects. Coffee plants are the main superior commodity belonging to the strategic commodity group of plantations in West Java. Furthermore, sugar palm plants are designated as the main superior prospective commodity. Finally, the indigofera plant is the main specific superior commodity determined based on the results of the Exponential Comparison Method (MPE). The mapping results and projections for strategic plantation commodities in West Java Province that have future prospects based on current potentials are coffee and deep coconut plants. Prospective commodity plantations in West Java Province that have future prospects based on current potential, namely sugar palm, pepper, patchouli and nutmeg, while local specific superior commodities of plantations in West Java have good prospects and high potential, namely indigofera, lemongrass fragrant, and mustache cat. The results of ranking and mapping or the position of strategic plantation commodities can be determined by several strategies which include short-term, medium-term and long-term development strategies.

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Ardila, Dinda Dara, Titin Agustina, and Sri Subekti. "SALURAN DAN MARGIN PEMASARAN KOPI CAP LERENG TANCAK KEMBAR DI DESA ANDUNGSARI KECAMATAN PAKEM KABUPATEN BONDOWOSO." SEPA: Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian dan Agribisnis 15, no. 2 (August 6, 2019): 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/sepa.v15i2.27430.

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Abstract: Arabica and robusta coffees as the agricultural commodities are cultivated in Pakem sub-district, Bondowoso regency. One of the companies processing arabica and robusta coffees in Bondowoso is Lereng Tancak Kembar agroindustry. However, the agroindustry often experiences some obstacles to market its products because road access to the area is quite difficult, so the condition increases transportation costs. Therefore, it is necessary to know about the marketing channel of Lereng Tancak Kembar, so it affects the price and margin of coffee marketing to the last consumers. The reserach area was determined purposively. Descriptive data analysis was used to analyze the coffee marketing channel, and marketing margin analysis was used to know the coffee marketing margin. The findings indicated that: (1) the marketing of Lereng Tancak Kembar coffee had four marketing channels, consisting of two Arabica coffee marketing channels and two robusta coffee marketing channels. The first marketing channel of arabica coffee included: agroindustry - sales - retailers - consumers. The second marketing channel included: agroindustry - retailers - consumers. The first marketing channel of robusta coffee included: agro-industry - sales - retailers - consumers. The second marketing channels of robusta coffees included: agroindustry - retailers - consumers. (2) the marketing margin for the first channel of arabica coffee was Rp. 86,660.00, and the second channel was Rp. 53,330.00. The marketing margin for the first channel of robusta coffee was Rp. 100,000.00, and the second channel was Rp. 85,000.00. Abstrak: Kopi arabika dan kopi robusta merupakan komoditas pertanian yang banyak dibudidayakan di Kecamatan Pakem Kabupaten Bondowoso. Salah satu perusahaan yang mengolah kopi arabika dan kopi robusta di daerah tersebut adalah agroindustri Lereng Tancak Kembar. Namun agroindustri tersebut sering mengalami hambatan untuk memasarkan produknya dikarenakan akses jalan ke daerah tersebut cukup sulit sehingga meningkatkan biaya transportasi, maka perlu diketahui bagaimana saluran pemasaran kopi cap Lereng Tancak Kembar, sehingga akan mempengaruh terhadap harga dan margin pemasaran kopi pada konsumen akhir. Penentuan daerah penelitian menggunakan metode secara sengaja. Analisis data secara diskriptif digunakan untuk menganalisis saluran pemasaran kopi, dan analisis margin pemasaran digunakan untuk mengetahui margin pemasaran kopi. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa: (1) pemasaran kopi cap Lereng Tancak Kembar memiliki empat saluran pemasaran, terdiri dari dua saluran pemasaran kopi arabika dan dua saluran pemasaran kopi robusta. Saluran pemasaran 1 kopi arabika meliputi: agroindustri - sales - pedagang pengecer - konsumen akhir. Saluran pemasaran 2 kopi arabika meliputi: agroindustri - pedagang pengecer - konsumen akhir. Saluran pemasaran 1 kopi robusta meliputi: agroindustri - sales - pedagang pengecer - konsumen akhir. Saluran pemasaran 2 kopi robusta meliputi: agroindustri - pedagang pengecer - konsumen akhir, (2) margin pemasaran kopi arabika saluran 1 sebesar Rp. 86.660,00, dan saluran 2 sebesar Rp. 53.330,00, serta margin pemasaran kopi robusta saluran 1 sebesar Rp. 100.000,00, dan saluran 2 sebesar Rp. 85.000,00.

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Campera, Marco, Katherine Hedger, Hélène Birot, Sophie Manson, Michela Balestri, Budiadi Budiadi, Muhammad Ali Imron, Vincent Nijman, and K. A. I. Nekaris. "Does the Presence of Shade Trees and Distance to the Forest Affect Detection Rates of Terrestrial Vertebrates in Coffee Home Gardens?" Sustainability 13, no. 15 (July 30, 2021): 8540. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13158540.

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Complex agroforestry systems can host similar biodiversity levels to adjacent continuous forests and can offer important ecosystem services for wildlife. Species inhabiting adjacent forests, as well as species that prefer agroforestry systems, can benefit from this habitat matrix. It is necessary, however, to understand the species-specific adaptability to such a complex matrix. Indonesia is a biodiversity hotspot and hosts many endemic species that are threatened with extinction. Its human population relies heavily on agriculture, meaning that finding a balance between crop productivity and biodiversity is key for the long-term sustainability of local communities and wildlife. We aim to determine the influence of the presence of shade trees and distance to the forest on the detection rates of wildlife in coffee home gardens. In West Java, Indonesia, we monitored 23 gardens between April 2018 and March 2021 via camera traps, totalling 3856 days of monitoring in shade-grown and 3338 days in sun-exposed gardens. We also collected data in the nearby montane rainforest, totalling 1183 days of monitoring. We used Generalized Additive Models to estimate the influence of shade cover and distance to the forest on the detection rates of wildlife. The Sunda leopard cat Prionailurus javanensis was found more frequently in shade-grown gardens and used both the forest and agroforest matrix. Wild boars Sus scrofa mostly occurred in gardens adjacent to the forest, while barred buttonquails Turnix suscitator were associated with gardens far (>1 km) from the forest. Several species (civets Viverricula indica and Paradoxus musangus javanicus, Horsfield’s treeshrew Tupaia javanica, Javan ferret badger Melogale orientalis, Javan mongoose Herpestes javanicus) were not influenced by shade cover and distance to the forest, suggesting they are well adapted to the agroforestry system. Still, species of high conservation importance, such as Javan leopard Panthera pardus melas, Sunda porcupine Hystrix javanica, and grizzled langur Presbytis comata, were present in the forest but not in the agroforest, suggesting that the replacement of the forest by the agroforestry matrix is still detrimental. Nevertheless, it is important to maintain the complexity of the agroforestry system and connectivity with the neighbouring continuous forest to favour the long-term sustainability of this environment and the conservation of endemic species.

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Carvalho, Miclay, Alex Lopes, Albino Bento, Luis Santos, Raul Narciso C. Guedes, and Pedro A. Casquero. "CAN COFFEE VARIETY AFFECT THE POPULATION DYNAMICS OF COFFEE BERRY BORER (HYPOTHENEMUS HAMPEI) ON SAO TOME ISLAND." International Journal of Advanced Research 9, no. 02 (February 28, 2021): 592–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/12487.

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The coffee berry borer, Hypothenemus hampei, is serious limitation in organic coffee production in Sao Tome Island in the Gulf of Guinea, limited information regarding this species seasonal phenology on the islands limits the implementation of biological control.In the present study, seven coffee plantations were monitored over two years to describe infestation patterns, penetration rates into coffee berries, and mortality by the entomopathogenic fungus,Beauveria bassiana in two coffea species (C. arabica L.and C. canephoraPierre ex A. Froehner), according to 30-tree sampling of fruits following the CENICAFE method. The results revealed that the borer position within the berries, infestation, and green berries with Beauveria bassianawere significantly affected by coffee variety. The infestation mean across all seven sites was (11.5ÃƒÂ‚Ã‚Â±3.5% mean ÃƒÂ‚Ã‚Â± standard error (SE)), with two sites showing mean infestation <5%. The highest infestation and Beauveria bassianarates per branch monthly were observed in C. arabica L. (Red Caturra, Bourbon and Red Catuai), compared with C. canephoraPierre ex A. Froehner (Robusta) in the months of lower rainfall. Borer immature stages (eggs, larvae and pupae) and adults were found throughout the sampling period. No CBB predator and parasitoids were observed in the survey. The population level and developmental rate indicated that the coffee borer met favorable environmental conditions in the studied areas and control measures are required for reducing damage.

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Zheng, Guodong, Yangyang Qiu, Qing-Feng Zhang, and Dongming Li. "Chlorogenic acid and caffeine in combination inhibit fat accumulation by regulating hepatic lipid metabolism-related enzymes in mice." British Journal of Nutrition 112, no. 6 (July 24, 2014): 1034–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114514001652.

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Obesity has become a public health concern due to its positive association with the incidence of many diseases, and coffee components including chlorogenic acid (CGA) and caffeine have been demonstrated to play roles in the suppression of fat accumulation. To investigate the mechanism by which CGA and caffeine regulate lipid metabolism, in the present study, forty mice were randomly assigned to four groups and fed diets containing no CGA or caffeine, CGA, caffeine, or CGA+caffeine for 24 weeks. Body weight, intraperitoneal adipose tissue (IPAT) weight, and serum biochemical parameters were measured, and the activities and mRNA and protein expression of lipid metabolism-related enzymes were analysed. There was a decrease in the body weight and IPAT weight of mice fed the CGA+caffeine diet. There was a significant decrease in the serum and hepatic concentrations of total cholesterol, TAG and leptin of mice fed the CGA+caffeine diet. The activities of carnitine acyltransferase (CAT) and acyl-CoA oxidase (ACO) were increased in mice fed the caffeine and CGA+caffeine diets, while the activity of fatty acid synthase (FAS) was suppressed in those fed the CGA+caffeine diet. The mRNA expression levels of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK),CATandACOwere considerably up-regulated in mice fed the CGA+caffeine diet, while those ofPPARγ2were down-regulated. The protein expression levels of AMPK were increased and those of FAS were decreased in mice fed the CGA+caffeine diet. These results indicate that CGA+caffeine suppresses fat accumulation and body weight gain by regulating the activities and mRNA and protein expression levels of hepatic lipid metabolism-related enzymes and that these effects are stronger than those exerted by CGA and caffeine individually.

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Gladkowski, Jennifer. "Studying Media Literacy: Kids Take on Gender Stereotypes in Advertising." Children and Libraries 18, no. 1 (March 12, 2020): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/cal.18.1.26.

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I’d tell him to make his own darn coffee!” one sixth grader quipped, in response to viewing a black-and-white Folgers coffee television ad from the 1960s. In it, a perky young wife serves her husband a cup of coffee with a chipper, “Your coffee, sir.” The husband, after taking a sip, grimaces and complains, “How can such a pretty wife make such bad coffee?” “I heard that!” pouts the wife, who then pays a visit to her older and wiser neighbor, Mrs. Olson, who introduces her to Folgers “mountain grown coffee.” Now armed with the Folgers, the wife tries again, serving her husband with another obedient, “Your coffee, sir.” The husband sips, this time exclaiming, “How can such a pretty wife make such great coffee?!”

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Borba, Gabrielle de Lima, Julianne Soares de Freitas Batista, Ludmilla Marques Queiroz Novais, Myrnzzia Beatriz Silva, João Batista da Silva Júnior, Paulo Gentil, Ana Clara Baretto Marini, Bruna Melo Giglio, and Gustavo Duarte Pimentel. "Acute Caffeine and Coconut Oil Intake, Isolated or Combined, Does Not Improve Running Times of Recreational Runners: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled and Crossover Study." Nutrients 11, no. 7 (July 20, 2019): 1661. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11071661.

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The aim was to evaluate the effect of caffeine (CAF) and extra virgin coconut oil (CO), isolated or combined, on running performance in runners. Methods: A randomized, placebo-controlled, and crossover study was conducted with thirteen recreational runners aged 18–40. All volunteers performed a 1600 m time trial at a 400 m track, each ingesting four different substances: (1) placebo (water), (2) decaffeinated coffee plus isolated CAF (DECAF + CAF), (3) decaffeinated coffee plus isolated CAF plus soy oil (DECAF + CAF + SO), and (4) decaffeinated coffee plus isolated CAF plus extra virgin coconut oil (DECAF + CAF + CO). The substances were ingested 60 min before the trials, the order of the situations was randomized, and there were one-week intervals between them. At the end of the trials, the Borg scale was applied to evaluate the rating of perceived exertion (RPE) and the time was measured. Results: Our data did not show differences in running time among the trials (placebo: 7.64 ± 0.80, DECAF + CAF: 7.61 ± 1.02, DECAF + CAF + SO: 7.66 ± 0.89, and DECAF + CAF + CO: 7.58 ± 0.74 min; p = 0.93), nor RPE (placebo: 6.15 ± 2.03, DECAF + CAF: 6.00 ± 2.27, DECAF + CAF + SO: 6.54 ± 2.73, and DECAF + CAF + CO: 6.00 ± 2.45 score; p = 0.99). Lactate concentrations (placebo: 6.23 ± 2.72, DECAF + CAF: 4.43 ± 3.77, DECAF + CAF + SO: 5.29 ± 3.77, and DECAF + CAF + CO: 6.17 ± 4.18 mmol/L; p = 0.55) also was not modified. Conclusion: Our study shows that ingestion of decaffeinated coffee with the addition of isolated CAF and extra virgin CO, either isolated or combined, does not improve 1600 m running times, nor influence RPE and lactate concentrations in recreational runners. Thus, combination of coffee with CO as a pre-workout supplement seems to be unsubstantiated for a short-distance race.

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Lauvahutanon, Sasipin, Maho Shiozawa, Hidekazu Takahashi, Naohiko Iwasaki, Meiko Oki, Werner J. Finger, and Mansuang Arksornnukit. "Discoloration of various CAD/CAM blocks after immersion in coffee." Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics 42, no. 1 (2017): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.5395/rde.2017.42.1.9.

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Yusuf, Muhammad, and Rugayyah Alyidrus. "Uji Antiangiogenesis Secara In Vivo Ekstrak Etanol Biji Kopi Robusta (Coffea Robusta) dengan Metode Chorio Allantoic Membrane (CAM)." Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal) 6, no. 1 (March 2, 2020): 63–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.22487/j24428744.2020.v6.i1.14975.

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Angiogenesis is a process of forming new capillaries found in the blood vessel system. Angiogenesis plays an important role in tumor growth and metastasis which includes several biological processes. Cancer cells require a supply of nutrients through the blood vessels to grow and develop so that the cancer cells secrete growth substances to stimulate the formation of new blood vessels to meet their nutritional supply. Robusta coffee beans (C.robusta) contain compounds that function as strong antioxidants namely Chlorogenic acid which is a polyphenol group compound that is thought to have antiangiogenesis effects. This study aims to look at the antiangiogenesis potential of robusta coffee bean ethanol extract (C.robusta) with the Chorio Allantoic Membrane (CAM) method and determine the concentration of robusta coffee bean extract (C.robusta) which has the potential as an antiangiogenesis. Antiangiogenesis test using the Chorio Allantoic Membrane (CAM) method using 9-day-old chicken eggs. In this study eggs were divided into 4 groups, group I was the untreated group, groups II, III, IV were groups that were given ethanol extract of robusta coffee beans (C.robusta) with concentrations of 6000 μg/ml, 5500 µg/ml respectively. and 5000 µg/ml. The eggs are re-incubated for 72 hours. In this study, a macroscopic semi-quantitative score was observed. The score data obtained were analyzed statistically by the One Way Anova test. Based on the Saphiro Wilk normality test results, the results of observations of antiangiogenesis in ethanol extracts of Robusta (Coffea robusta) concentrations of 6000 μg/ml, 5500 μg/ml, and 5000 μg/ml obtained a significance value of 0.248 (p>0.05). Continuing the One Way Anova test in the antiangiogenesis test obtained a significance value of 0.007 (p<0.05). Then proceed with the Post Hoc Test. In the test group the concentration of 6000 µg/ml, 5500 µg/ml, and 5000 µg/ml had a value of p>0.05 which means that there were no differences between groups in inhibiting angiogenesis. Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that the ethanol extract of robusta coffee beans (C. robusta) 6000 μg/ml, 5500 μg/ml, and 5000 μg/ml has antiangiogenesis effect on Chorio Allantoic Membrane (CAM) of chicken embryo.

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Sukandar, Dadang. "MAKANAN TABU DI BANJAR JAWA BARAT." Jurnal Gizi dan Pangan 1, no. 1 (March 13, 2007): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.25182/jgp.2006.1.1.51-56.

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Food taboo in Indonesia is still a problem because there are many taboo foods. As consequences, pregnant mother, lactating mother and children do not eat the taboo foods so that it can reduce their food intake and finally it can decrease their nutritional status. Objectives of this study are 1) to identify taboo foods and 2) to identify reasons of taboo foods and 3) to improve basic nutrition knowledge through training on food and nutrition. Study was conducted in Banjar West Java from December 2005 to November 2006. A sample size 92 households was drawn randomly from household population of size 482. The household of population is farmer household who are beneficiary of Special Program for Food Security, Food and Agriculture Organization. Data were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively and presented in one way table. Results show that groups which had a large number of food taboo were pregnant women group and lactating mother group. There are 35 taboo foods for pregnant women and 24 taboo foods for lactating mother. Some taboo foods for pregnant women are ambon banana, bee, bee egg, cat fish, coconut plus red sugar, eel, coffee, bogo fish, fishing fish, gabus fish, gnetum gnemon and its leaf, ice, jack fruit, kind of jack fruit (kulur), kind of leaf (leaf of so), etc. Some taboo foods for lactating mother are banana, bean sprout, beverage made with such droplets, cucumber, eel, egg, fat food, fish, hot food, ice, innards of gurami, jack fruit, kind of cake (serabi), kind of fruit (kulur), kind of jack fruit (sukun), etc. After attending training, the knowledge on nutrition and food of the farmers increase significantly, therefore it is hoped that their knowledge can reduce their believe of the food taboo.

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Dias, Kaio Gonçalves de Lima, Paulo Tácito Gontijo Guimarães, Davi Lopes do Carmo, Thiago Henrique Pereira Reis, and Julian Junio de Jesus Lacerda. "Alternative sources of potassium in coffee plants for better soil fertility, productivity, and beverage quality." Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira 53, no. 12 (December 2018): 1355–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-204x2018001200008.

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Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate alternative sources of potassium for improving soil fertility and coffee productivity and beverage quality. The experiment was conducted in a coffee (Coffea arabica) crop, planted in an Oxisol area, in the municipality of Patrocínio, in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The treatments consisted of the K sources TK47 and Super Greensand (SG) - both based on glauconite silicate mineral -, at the following doses: 0 kg ha-1 K2O (control); 42, 84, 168, and 336 kg ha-1 K2O from TK47; 618 kg ha-1 K2O from KCl; and 168 kg ha-1 K2O from SG. A randomized complete block design was used, with four replicates in each treatment. The experimental units consisted of three rows with ten plants each, using the eight central plants as the useful plot. Potassium fertilization with TK47 increased soil fertility, correcting soil acidity and elevating K+, P, and Ca2+ contents, effective cation exchange capacity, and Zn2+ and Fe2+ levels in the soil. Fertilization with 336 kg ha-1 K2O from TK47, in a single dose, provides grain yield and polyphenol oxidase activity similar to those of fertilization with 618 kg ha-1 K2O from KCl, in a split-dose, but a better sensory analysis of the resultant beverage.

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Namboodiripad, PCAnila, and Sumathi Kori. "Can coffee prevent caries?" Journal of Conservative Dentistry 12, no. 1 (2009): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0972-0707.53336.

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Shearer, J., E. A. Sellars, A. Farah, T. E. Graham, and D. H. Wasserman. "Effects of chronic coffee consumption on glucose kinetics in the conscious rat." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 85, no. 8 (August 2007): 823–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y07-070.

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Epidemiological studies indicate that regular coffee consumption reduces the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Despite these findings, the biological mechanisms by which coffee consumption exerts these effects are unknown. The aim of this study was twofold: to develop a rat model that would further delineate the effects of regular coffee consumption on glucose kinetics, and to determine whether coffee, with or without caffeine, alters the actions of insulin on glucose kinetics in vivo. Male Sprague–Dawley rats were fed a high-fat diet for 4 weeks in combination with one of the following: (i) drinking water as placebo (PL), (ii) decaffeinated coffee (2 g/100 mL) (DC), or (iii) alkaloid caffeine (20 mg/100 mL) added to decaffeinated coffee (2 g/100 mL) (CAF). Catheters were chronically implanted in a carotid artery and jugular vein for sampling and infusions, respectively. Recovered animals (5 days postoperative) were fasted for 5 h before hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps (2 mU·kg–1·min–1). Glucose was clamped at 6 mmol/L and isotopes (2-deoxy-[14C]glucose and [3-3H]glucose) were administered to obtain indices of whole-body and tissue-specific glucose kinetics. Glucose infusion rates and measures of whole-body metabolic clearance were greater in DC than in PL or CAF, indicating increased whole-body insulin sensitivity. As the only difference between DC and CAF was the addition of alkaloid caffeine, it can be concluded that caffeine antagonizes the beneficial effects of DC. Given these findings, decaffeinated coffee may represent a nutritional means of combating insulin resistance.

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Copper, Alexander Willem, Cassandra Collins, Susan E. P. Bastian, Trent E. Johnson, and Dimitra L. Capone. "Preliminary investigation of potent thiols in Cypriot wines made from indigenous grape varieties Xynisteri, Maratheftiko and Giannoudhi." OENO One 55, no. 1 (March 3, 2021): 223–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/oeno-one.2021.55.1.4516.

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Polyfunctional thiols have previously been shown to be key aroma compounds in Sauvignon blanc and more recently in Chardonnay wines. Their role in other wine varieties such as those made from three popular indigenous Cypriot grape varieties has remained unexplored. As an extension of a previous project that profiled the sensory and chemical characteristics of Cypriot wines and their comparison to Australian wines, this study aimed to investigate five potent thiols in Xynisteri, Maratheftiko, Giannoudhi, Pinot gris, Chardonnay and Shiraz wines. Wines were analysed utilising Stable Isotope Dilution Assay (SIDA) with derivatisation and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). The varietal thiols measured were 4-methyl-4-sulfanylpentan-2-one (4MSP) that has an aroma of “boxwood” and “cat urine” at high concentration, 3-sulfanylhexan-1-ol (3SH) which has been described as having a “grapefruit/tropical fruit” aroma, and 3-sulfanylhexyl acetate (3SHA) that has also been described as having an aroma of “passionfruit”. Additionally, two other potent thiols were measured including benzyl mercaptan (BM) that has an aroma of “smoke and meat” and furfuryl thiol (FFT) that has been described as having a “roasted coffee” like aroma. The reason these thiols are known as potent thiols are due to their very low aroma detection thresholds in the low ng/L (ppt) range. Of the thiols that were measured, 3SH was the only varietal thiol detected in the red wine samples. All of the white wine samples contained 3SH, BM and 3SHA, whereas 4MSP was only detected in Pinot gris and three Xynisteri wines. The potent thiol, FFT, was detected only in the Chardonnay and four of the Xynisteri wines. Interestingly the thiols that were present in the samples were found at concentrations above their aroma detection thresholds (determined in hydroalcoholic solutions), especially 3SH which was found in an order of magnitude above its aroma detection threshold. These findings provide early knowledge of the presence of these thiols in Cypriot wines, compared with Australian wines and establish any relationships between this chemical data with previous wine sensory profile data.

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McLellan, Tom M., and Doug G. Bell. "The Impact of Prior Coffee Consumption on the Subsequent Ergogenic Effect of Anhydrous Caffeine." International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism 14, no. 6 (December 2004): 698–708. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.14.6.698.

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This study examined whether the prior consumption of coffee (COF) decreased the ergogenic effect of the subsequent ingestion of anhydrous caffeine (CAF). Thirteen subjects performed 6 rides to exhaustion at 80% VO2max 1.5 h after ingesting combinations of COF, decaffeinated coffee (DECOF), CAF, or placebo. The conditions were DECOF + placebo (A), DECOF + CAF (5 mg/kg) (B), COF (1.1 mg/kg caffeine) + CAF (5 mg/kg) (C), COF + CAF (3 mg/kg) (D), COF + CAF (7 mg/kg) (E), and colored water + CAF (5 mg/kg) (F). Times to exhaustion were significantly greater for all trials with CAF versus placebo (trial A). Exercise times (in minutes) were: 21.7 ± 8.1, 29.0 ± 7.4, 27.8 ± 10.8, 25.1 ± 7.9, 26.4 ± 8.0 and 26.8 ± 8.1 for trials A through F, respectively. In conclusion, the prior consumption of COF did not decrease the ergogenic effect of the subsequent ingestion of anhydrous CAF.

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Dey, Kushankur, and Debasish Maitra. "Can futures markets accommodate Indian farmers?" Journal of Agribusiness in Developing and Emerging Economies 6, no. 2 (November 14, 2016): 150–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jadee-08-2013-0029.

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Purpose It has become an ongoing debate whether Indian commodity futures markets can accommodate farmers. The purpose of this paper is to examine whether Indian commodity futures markets help rationalize farmers’ price expectation. The study starts with questions on the efficiency and other roles of commodity futures markets. Design/methodology/approach From a sectoral standpoint and economic importance, the study considers pepper, coffee, and natural rubber (NR) futures and spot markets. The efficiency of futures markets, divergence/convergence and causality between futures and spot markets have been studied by employing co-integrations, error correction and causality models. The sample period of the data are taken from the inception of futures trading. These three commodities are also compared on the basis of trading at the futures markets vs spot markets. Findings Analysis shows that though pepper futures market is informationally efficient in price discovery, while coffee and NR spot markets do the process faster. Pepper and coffee futures and spot prices exhibit the convergence; NR shows a sign of divergence. Unidirectional causality from pepper futures to spot market is observed wherein the former was weakly exogenous to the latter and while, bidirectional causality is observed in coffee and rubber. Coffee spot appears weakly exogenous while this remains inconclusive in the case of NR. Research limitations/implications The authors analyzed the futures markets in rationalizing the spot market price in three plantation crops in India. In order to make the study more generalizable, further research is warranted in other commodities including those prices of which are government regulated. Originality/value The paper is unique in terms of understanding the interaction or interrelationship between futures markets and spot markets and drawing inferences about the role of futures markets in price formation in plantation commodities like pepper, coffee and NR.

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Hernández Aguirre, A. "COFFEE ROASTING MONITORING USING 2D FOURIER TRANSFORM." Revista Mexicana de Ingeniería Química 18, no. 1 (April 1, 2019): 231–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.24275/uam/izt/dcbi/revmexingquim/2019v18n1/hernandeza.

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Graham, T. E., E. Hibbert, and P. Sathasivam. "Metabolic and exercise endurance effects of coffee and caffeine ingestion." Journal of Applied Physiology 85, no. 3 (September 1, 1998): 883–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1998.85.3.883.

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Caffeine (Caf) ingestion increases plasma epinephrine (Epi) and exercise endurance; these results are frequently transferred to coffee (Cof) consumption. We examined the impact of ingestion of the same dose of Caf in Cof or in water. Nine healthy, fit, young adults performed five trials after ingesting (double blind) either a capsule (Caf or placebo) with water or Cof (decaffeinated Cof, decaffeinated with Caf added, or regular Cof). In all three Caf trials, the Caf dose was 4.45 mg/kg body wt and the volume of liquid was 7.15 ml/kg. After 1 h of rest, the subject ran at 85% of maximal O2consumption until voluntary exhaustion (∼32 min in the placebo and decaffeinated Cof tests). In the three Caf trials, the plasma Caf and paraxanthine concentrations were very similar. After 1 h of rest, the plasma Epi was increased ( P < 0.05) by Caf ingestion, but the increase was greater ( P < 0.05) with Caf capsules than with Cof. During the exercise there were no differences in Epi among the three Caf trials, and the Epi values were all greater ( P < 0.05) than in the other tests. Endurance was only increased ( P < 0.05) in the Caf capsule trial; there were no differences among the other four tests. One cannot extrapolate the effects of Caf to Cof; there must be a component(s) of Cof that moderates the actions of Caf.

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da Silva, E. A. Amaral, Peter E. Toorop, Adriaan C. van Aelst, and Henk W. M. Hilhorst. "Abscisic acid controls embryo growth potential and endosperm cap weakening during coffee (Coffea arabica cv. Rubi) seed germination." Planta 220, no. 2 (August 10, 2004): 251–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00425-004-1344-0.

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Aprianto, Dodi, Herawansyah Herawansyah, Lizvan M. Sitorus, Meko Gustian, and Paisal Ansiska. "REKOMENDASI PENGELOLAAN KOPI BUBUK PADA HOME INDUSTRY CAP JEMPOL MELALUI PENDAPATAN DI KABUPATEN REJANG LEBONG." Jurnal Media Ekonomi (JURMEK) 26, no. 1 (April 7, 2021): 24–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.32767/jurmek.v26i1.1266.

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Home industry that processes coffee beans into coffee powder is the Cap Jempol household industry where this industry processes coffee beans into ground coffee. The household industry for Cap Jempol is located in Air Bang Village, Curup Tengah District. The home industry has started its business since 1987 processing dry coffee beans into coffee powder. The purpose of this study includes to reveal the amount of revenue and income obtained from the ground coffee business in the Cap Jempol home industry and provide management recommendations to increase income. The type of data used in this research is primary data which is collected through direct interviews with respondents. The results of this study are the business of thumbprint coffee powder management obtains an average profit of Rp. 2,688,116, - per week with an average Boruto income of Rp. 10,201,667, - with a total production cost of Rp. 7,861,884, -. For business development, it can be done by increasing technology-based promotions such as penetrating online markets with more attractive brand design and product packaging, increasing the use of production technology and carrying out quality control on the products produced, increasing business capital, collaborating with sources of innovation in quality improvement. and production quantity.

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Bacon, Christopher. "Confronting the Coffee Crisis: Can Fair Trade, Organic, and Specialty Coffees Reduce Small-Scale Farmer Vulnerability in Northern Nicaragua?" World Development 33, no. 3 (March 2005): 497–511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2004.10.002.

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Hamon, Perla, Pierre-Olivier Duroy, Christine Dubreuil-Tranchant, Paulo Mafra D’Almeida Costa, Caroline Duret, Norosoa J. Razafinarivo, Emmanuel Couturon, et al. "Two novel Ty1-copia retrotransposons isolated from coffee trees can effectively reveal evolutionary relationships in the Coffea genus (Rubiaceae)." Molecular Genetics and Genomics 285, no. 6 (April 20, 2011): 447–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00438-011-0617-0.

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de Paiva Custódio, Adriano Augusto, Edson Ampélio Pozza, Anselmo Augusto de Paiva Custódio, Paulo Estevão de Souza, Luiz Antônio Lima, and Antônio Marciano da Silva. "Effect of Center-Pivot Irrigation in the Rust and Brown Eye Spot of Coffee." Plant Disease 98, no. 7 (July 2014): 943–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-07-13-0801-re.

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Incidence of rust (caused by Hemileia vastatrix) and brown eye spot (caused by Cercospora coffeicola) of coffee was evaluated for 2 years in southern Minas Gerais, Brazil, in a center-pivot-irrigated coffee crop with different water application levels. Treatments consisted of six water levels of 0 (nonirrigated), 60, 80, 100, 120, and 140% applied according to class A evaporation pan (CAE). Progress of disease was influenced significantly by different water levels; the highest incidence of rust occurred with lower water levels—0 (nonirrigated), 60, and 80% CAE—whereas the lowest incidence was detected with larger water levels: 120 and 140% CAE. There was one peak of rust incidence in August. The highest incidence of brown eye spot occurred with water levels of 100 and 140% CAE and the lowest incidence was found in the nonirrigated treatment. Two incidence peaks occurred in March and June. This study identified that irrigation methods and water levels can decisively affect the epidemiological behavior of diseases and, therefore, their management.

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Martin, Amy. "Everyday Advocacy: An Everyday Advocacy Moment." Children and Libraries 16, no. 4 (December 12, 2018): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/cal.16.4.39.

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I was getting lucnh at the coffee shop across the street from the library. It's been there for 7 years now. 5 years since everyone stopped calling it "The New Place." I eat there a couple of times a month, and I have colleagues who go there every day.

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Lane, Sarah, Josh Palmer, Brian Christie, Juergen Ehlting, and Cuong Le. "Can Cold Brew Coffee Be Convenient? A Pilot Study For Caffeine Content in Cold Brew Coffee Concentrate Using High Performance Liquid Chromatography." Arbutus Review 8, no. 1 (October 30, 2017): 15–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.18357/tar81201716816.

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Cold brew coffee is a brewing method that is increasing in prevalence. While it has been anecdotally suggested that this method may provide a more aromatic and flavourful coffee product, there is little research published that looks at the concentration of caffeine or other coffee substituents in cold brew coffee. The potential alteration in chemical composition in cold brew provides a few interesting avenues for research. Can caffeine in cold brew be quantified by conventional methods? If so, how does the caffeine profile of cold brews relate to hot brew methods? Here we report the caffeine content and variability in small batch cold brew coffee and show that HPLC/UV-Vis, a standard method for quantitation of caffeine in other extraction methods, is useful for detection of caffeine in cold brew coffee. The mean concentration of caffeine in an average 355 mL serving was found to be 207.22 ± 39.17 mg over five distinct batches of cold brew coffee concentrate. Cold brew preparation methods produce similar quantities of caffeine as hot brew preparation, yet may have increased storage capabilities including improved retention of flavonoids and other secondary metabolites. Therefore, cold brew may provide utility in clinical trials examining caffeine and the effect of other components of coffee as it is commonly consumed.

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Adler, T. "Coffee Can Give Many Species a Boost." Science News 150, no. 9 (August 31, 1996): 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3980039.

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Pinard, Fabrice, and Anand Aithal. "Can good coffee prices increase smallholder revenue?" Cahiers d'Outre-Mer 61, no. 243 (July 1, 2008): 381–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/com.5360.

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Tenzel, Richard R. "Coffee can stent for use in Dacryocystorhinostomy." Ophthalmic Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery 6, no. 4 (December 1990): 288. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00002341-199012000-00028.

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Sawal, Ibrahim. "‘Lost’ coffee plant can resist climate change." New Scientist 250, no. 3331 (April 2021): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0262-4079(21)00676-x.

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Sado, Junya, Tetsuhisa Kitamura, Yuri Kitamura, Tomotaka Sobue, Yoshikazu Nishino, Hideo Tanaka, Tomio Nakayama, et al. "Association between coffee consumption and all‐sites cancer incidence and mortality." Cancer Science 108, no. 10 (September 26, 2017): 2079–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cas.13328.

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González-Zamora, Alfredo, Manuel Esperón-Rodríguez, and Víctor L. Barradas. "Mountain cloud forest and grown-shade coffee plantations: A comparison of tree biodiversity in central Veracruz, Mexico." Forest Systems 25, no. 1 (April 1, 2016): 055. http://dx.doi.org/10.5424/fs/2016251-07538.

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Aim of the study: The objective of this work is to compare tree diversity and richness among one grown-shade coffee plantation (CAE) and two sites of montane cloud forests, one preserved (MCF1) and other perturbed (MCF2). We also develop an analysis of the importance of coffee plantations as a refuge of tree species, holding a potential role for conservation.Area of study: Our study area is the coffee region of Coatepec-Xico, in the state of Veracruz, Mexico.Material and methods: We compiled a list of all tree species in each site to determine tree diversity and floristic similarity (dissimilarity). We used different similarity indices and a cluster analysis to show relations among sites.Main results: 2721 individuals from 154 species were registered in the montane cloud forests as a whole. In the grown-shade coffee plantation we registered 2947 individuals from 64 species. The most similar sites were the perturbed montane cloud forest and the grown-shade coffee plantation and the least similar were the preserved montane cloud forest and the grown-shade coffee plantation. The high biodiversity found in all sites and the differences in tree composition between the two montane cloud forests supports evidence of the ecosystems richness in the region.Research highlight: Diversity differences among sites determine that the grown-shade coffee plantation is not substitute for montane cloud forest. CAE’s are developed under similar environmental conditions than the MCF; therefore, coexistence and recombination (replacement) of species make them particularly complementary. CAE’s in Veracruz have a potential role as refuge for biodiversity.

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Campo-Ceballos, Diego Andrés, Kevin Jancarlo Barco-Sotelo, Hector Fabian Dorado-Ipia, and Carlos Alberto Gaviria-López. "Analysis of temperature control effect in fluidized bed coffee roaster." Visión electrónica 14, no. 2 (July 22, 2020): 255–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.14483/22484728.17431.

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One of the main sources of economic income in Colombia's agricultural sector is the marketing of coffee with a high contribution to the country's economy. However, trends in coffee industry 4.0 show that the coffee roasting process is where more value aggregation is presented and at the same time is one of the most complex because multiple factors are involved such as grain moisture, volume, variety and heat and mass transfer variables. The main objective of this work was to design and implement a fluidized bed system for the study of the effect of temperature control on the physical properties of roasted coffee from Cauca-Colombia. The development of the work was addressed in 4 sequential phases: CAD design, Digital manufacture, temperature control design and the systems analysis. The proposed fluid bed system features a control system for the RoR (rate of rise) that can be adjusted between 3 to 20°C/min, and provide a prediction in the events of the standard roasting profile (Turning Point, Yellow, First Crack, Development time, Second Crack, Drop).

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Ledy, Dilla Sefa, Dwi Haryono, and Suriaty Situmorang. "ANALISIS BAURAN PEMASARAN (MARKETING MIX) DAN STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN (STUDI KASUS PADA AGROINDUSTRI KOPI BUBUK CAP INTAN DI KOTA BANDAR LAMPUNG)." Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Agribisnis 7, no. 1 (August 14, 2019): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/jiia.v7i1.52-59.

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This study aims to analyze the marketing mix and development strategy which is applied to the agroindustry of Coffee Powder of Intan Brand in Bandar Lampung City. This research was conducted purposively in the agroindustry of Intan Brand Coffee Powder in determined Bandar Lampung City of Lampung Province. Data collection of this study was conducted from March to April 2017. This research is a case study, employed 14 people as respondents. The research data is analyzed by qualitative descriptive and SWOT analysis. The results of this study indicated that the marketing mix applied to the Intan Brand Coffee Powder agroindustry were (a) good quality product, (b) price determined by competitor price, (c) located at strategic place, and (d) promotion activities that have been applied by Intan Brand Agroindustry Coffee Powder was by face-to-face sales and sales promotion. The development strategy of Intan Brand Coffee Powder agroindustry in Bandar Lampung City were (a) the owner of agroindustry was determining the policy on utilizing the technology, (b) utilizing the location in the market and continuing to cooperate with PTPN 7 in order to have a bigger opportunities (c) maintaining good quality product so that the product could still competing with similar business at the market, (d) empowering the ability and human resource skills to resolve the limitations of capital in following technological developments.Key words: coffee powder, development strategy, marketing mix

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Almohareb, Thamer, Mohammed S. Alkatheeri, Fahim Vohra, and Ali Alrahlah. "Influence of experimental staining on the color stability of indirect computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing dental provisional materials." European Journal of Dentistry 12, no. 02 (April 2018): 269–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ejd.ejd_1_18.

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ABSTRACT Objective: This study presents a comparative analysis of the color stability of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM)-fabricated provisional restorations with those of conventional restorations. Materials and Methods: Three different provisional restorative materials (Systemp C&B, 3M Protemp 4, and Telio CAD) were inspected for their color stability using four solutions (Pepsi, coffee, tea, and distilled water). All samples used were fabricated using A1 shade by following the manufacturer's instructions. Color assessment was performed using CIELAB system and a colorimeter. After baseline color measurement, color assessments were done weekly after immersion in specified solutions. Triplicate readings were taken for every sample and the mean value of the color coordinates (L*), (a*), and (b*) were recorded at baseline, week 1, week 2, week 3, and week 4. The data within different groups were compared statistically using analysis of variance (⍺ = 0.05). Results: Overall, the highest color stability was found in CAD/CAM material, followed by Protemp and SystempC&B. It was also observed that the maximum color variation was observed in case of coffee, followed by tea and Pepsi. Conclusions: CAD/CAM provisional material (Telio CAD) showed better color stability compared to conventional materials (Protemp 3M ESPE and SystempC&B Ivoclar Vivadent). CAD/CAM provisional materials are recommended for long-term temporization procedures. This is attributed to the prepolymerization, higher monomer conversion, and minimal preparation errors in CAD/CAM materials.

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Macedo, Rander Moreira, Luiz Guilherme Brentegani, and Suzie Aparecida de Lacerda. "Effects of Coffee Intake and Intraperitoneal Caffeine on Bone Repair Process - A Histologic and Histometric Study." Brazilian Dental Journal 26, no. 2 (April 2015): 175–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-6440201300219.

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Studies have suggested that caffeine acts on bone promoting an increase of calcium excretion, inhibition of osteoblast proliferation and delay in tissue repair process, raising the risk of fractures, osteoporosis, periodontal disease and affecting the success of bone reconstructive procedures. The aim of this study was to analyze histomorphometrically the process of alveolar bone healing after tooth extraction in rats subjected to daily intake of boiled coffee or intraperitoneal administration of caffeine. Forty-five male rats were divided according to the treatment in Control group (C); Coffee group (CO) - treated with coffee since birth; and Caffeine (CAF) - intraperitoneal injection of aqueous solution of caffeine 1.5% (0.2 mL/100g body weight) for 30 days. When weighing between 250-300 g they were anesthetized, subjected to extraction of the maxillary right incisor, and euthanized 7, 21 and 42 days after surgery for histological assessments of bone volume and the quality of formed bone in the dental socket. The qualitative results demonstrated larger amounts of blood clot and immature bone in animals under treatment of pure caffeine compared to coffee and control. Histometric analysis revealed that coffee treatment led to a 40% drop in bone formation, and caffeine a 60% drop in comparison to control animals (ANOVA p≤0.01). It was concluded that both the daily ingestion of coffee and the intraperitoneal administration of caffeine in rats delayed the alveolar bone reparative process after tooth extraction, and this effect was more aggressive when pure caffeine was used.

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Velázquez, Ana Magdalena, Núria Roglans, Roger Bentanachs, Maria Gené, Aleix Sala-Vila, Iolanda Lázaro, Jose Rodríguez-Morató, Rosa María Sánchez, Juan Carlos Laguna, and Marta Alegret. "Effects of a Low Dose of Caffeine Alone or as Part of a Green Coffee Extract, in a Rat Dietary Model of Lean Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease without Inflammation." Nutrients 12, no. 11 (October 23, 2020): 3240. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12113240.

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Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is a highly prevalent condition without specific pharmacological treatment, characterized in the initial stages by hepatic steatosis. It was suggested that lipid infiltration in the liver might be reduced by caffeine through anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, and fatty acid metabolism-related mechanisms. We investigated the effects of caffeine (CAF) and green coffee extract (GCE) on hepatic lipids in lean female rats with steatosis. For three months, female Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a standard diet or a cocoa butter-based high-fat diet plus 10% liquid fructose. In the last month, the high-fat diet was supplemented or not with CAF or a GCE, providing 5 mg/kg of CAF. Plasma lipid levels and the hepatic expression of molecules involved in lipid metabolism were determined. Lipidomic analysis was performed in liver samples. The diet caused hepatic steatosis without obesity, inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum stress, or hepatic insulin resistance. Neither CAF nor GCE alleviated hepatic steatosis, but GCE-treated rats showed lower hepatic triglyceride levels compared to the CAF group. The GCE effects could be related to reductions of hepatic (i) mTOR phosphorylation, leading to higher nuclear lipin-1 levels and limiting lipogenic gene expression; (ii) diacylglycerol levels; (iii) hexosylceramide/ceramide ratios; and (iv) very-low-density lipoprotein receptor expression. In conclusion, a low dose of CAF did not reduce hepatic steatosis in lean female rats, but the same dose provided as a green coffee extract led to lower liver triglyceride levels.

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Oumer, Oliyad Jeilu, and Dawit Abate. "Characterization of Pectinase from Bacillus subtilis Strain Btk 27 and Its Potential Application in Removal of Mucilage from Coffee Beans." Enzyme Research 2017 (September 11, 2017): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/7686904.

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The demand for enzymes in the global market is projected to rise at a fast pace in recent years. There has been a great increase in industrial applications of pectinase owing to their significant biotechnological uses. For applying enzymes at industrial scale primary it is important to know the features of the enzyme. Thus, this study was undertaken with aims of characterizing the pectinase enzyme from Bacillus subtilis strain Btk27 and proving its potential application in demucilisation of coffee. In this study, the maximum pectinase activity was achieved at pH 7.5 and 50°C. Also, the enzyme activity was found stimulated with Mg2+ and Ca2+ metal ions. Moreover, it was stable on EDTA, Trixton-100, Tween 80, and Tween 20. Since Bacillus subtilis strain Btk27 was stable in most surfactants and inhibitors it could be applicable in various industries whenever pectin degradation is needed. The enzyme Km and Vmax values were identified as 1.879 mg/ml and 149.6 U, respectively. The potential application of the enzyme for coffee processing was studied, and it is found that complete removal of mucilage from coffee beans within 24 hours of treatment indicates the potential application in coffee processing.

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Loureiro, Laís Monteiro Rodrigues, Caio Eduardo Gonçalves Reis, and Teresa Helena Macedo da Costa. "Effects of Coffee Components on Muscle Glycogen Recovery: A Systematic Review." International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism 28, no. 3 (May 1, 2018): 284–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.2017-0342.

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Coffee is one of the most consumed beverages in the world, and it can improve insulin sensitivity, stimulating glucose uptake in skeletal muscle when adequate carbohydrate intake is observed. The aim of this review is to analyze the effects of coffee and coffee components on muscle glycogen metabolism. A literature search was conducted according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis, and seven studies were included, that explored the effects of coffee components on various substances and signaling proteins. In one of the studies with humans, caffeine was shown to increase glucose levels, Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase phosphorylation, glycogen resynthesis rates, and glycogen accumulation after exercise. After intravenous injection of caffeine in rats, caffeine increased adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) phosphorylation, and glucose transport. In in vitro studies, caffeine raised AMPK and ACC phosphorylation, increasing glucose transport activity and reducing energy status in rat muscle cells. Cafestol and caffeic acid increased insulin secretion in rat beta cells and glucose uptake into human muscle cells. Caffeic acid also increased AMPK and ACC phosphorylation, reducing the energy status and increasing glucose uptake in rat muscle cells. Chlorogenic acid did not show any positive or negative effect. The findings from this review must be taken with caution due to the limited number of studies on the subject. In conclusion, various coffee components had a neutral or positive role in the metabolism of glucose and muscle glycogen, whereas no detrimental effect was described. Coffee beverages should be tested as an option for athletes’ glycogen recovery.

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Green, Paul W. C., Aaron P. Davis, Allard A. Cossé, and Fernando E. Vega. "Can Coffee Chemical Compounds and Insecticidal Plants Be Harnessed for Control of Major Coffee Pests?" Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 63, no. 43 (October 20, 2015): 9427–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.5b03914.

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Silva, Samuel de Assis, and Julião Soares de Souza Lima. "Multivariate analysis and geostatistics of the fertility of a humic rhodic hapludox under coffee cultivation." Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo 36, no. 2 (April 2012): 467–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-06832012000200016.

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The spatial variability of soil and plant properties exerts great influence on the yeld of agricultural crops. This study analyzed the spatial variability of the fertility of a Humic Rhodic Hapludox with Arabic coffee, using principal component analysis, cluster analysis and geostatistics in combination. The experiment was carried out in an area under Coffea arabica L., variety Catucai 20/15 - 479. The soil was sampled at a depth 0.20 m, at 50 points of a sampling grid. The following chemical properties were determined: P, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, S, Al3+, pH, H + Al, SB, t, T, V, m, OM, Na saturation index (SSI), remaining phosphorus (P-rem), and micronutrients (Zn, Fe, Mn, Cu and B). The data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, followed by principal component and cluster analyses. Geostatistics were used to check and quantify the degree of spatial dependence of properties, represented by principal components. The principal component analysis allowed a dimensional reduction of the problem, providing interpretable components, with little information loss. Despite the characteristic information loss of principal component analysis, the combination of this technique with geostatistical analysis was efficient for the quantification and determination of the structure of spatial dependence of soil fertility. In general, the availability of soil mineral nutrients was low and the levels of acidity and exchangeable Al were high.

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Salisu, Afees A., Raymond Swaray, and Idris A. Adediran. "Can urban coffee consumption help predict US inflation?" Journal of Forecasting 38, no. 7 (April 25, 2019): 649–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/for.2589.

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Coxson, Gregory E., and Erich Keyes. "The Coffee-Can radar at the naval academy." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 142, no. 4 (October 2017): 2698. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.5014841.

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Tenzel, David P., Howard J. Loff, and Richard R. Tenzel. "Dacryocystorhinostomy Use of a “Coffee Can Lid” Stent." Ophthalmic Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery 7, no. 2 (June 1991): 128–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00002341-199106000-00007.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Cat coffee'

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