Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Catalyseur solide acide'
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Ammoury, Maha. "Synthèse de propylène à partir de l’éthanol." Thesis, Lille 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIL10045/document.
Full textThis work is focused on the biomass valorization through the direct catalytic ethanol transformation into propylene. We have studied different types of ZSM-5 zeolites (e.g. CBV 55254G and CBV 3024E), SAPO zeotypes (e.g. SAPO-34) and mesoporous catalysts (e.g. Siral-1). ZSM-5s with relevant Brønsted acidity are known for their product size-tuning effect, SAPOs for their special chabazite structure, and mesoporous catalysts for the prevention of the shape selectivity flaw. Raw supports were screened for their convenience in terms of acidity and textural properties. CBV 5524G and Siral-1 were selected to be impregnated with metals. CBV 5524G was post-treated to induce mesoporosity in its structure. CBV3024E was exchanged with sodium to attenuate its acidity. SAPO-34 was as-synthesized to evaluate the effect of crystallites size. Different characterization techniques were employed as porosimetry, XRD, XPS, TGA-MS, TPR-MS, UV/Vis spectroscopy, ICP-MS, FT-IR and NH3-TPD. Different reaction conditions were optimized as well such as the reactant flow rate, inert gases flow rate, GHSV, catalyst mass, reaction temperature and catalyst activation. Raw CBV50 showed 5% selectivity in propylene at full conversion. Besides, raw Siral-1 (350 °C, 50mg) showed 13% selectivity in propylene (44% ethylene). The addition of W to CBV50 increased the selectivity in propylene into 16%. Ag was also promising but resulted in a very low carbon balance (43%) suggesting the formation of non-identified aromatized products. Nano-sized SAPO-34 revealed a faster removal of aromatic precursors. Further, post-treated CBV 5524Gs provided an insight on the early-stage dehydration of ethanol
Karaki, Mariam. "Matériaux à porosité contrôlée sulfonés : Synthèse, Caractérisation, Etude des propriétés catalytiques." Phd thesis, Université de Haute Alsace - Mulhouse, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01064374.
Full textKovalchuk, Tetyana. "Design and characterisation of environmentally friendly heterogeneous catalysts based on HPAs and functionalized silica." Paris 6, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA066537.
Full textSASSI, ALAIN. "Contribution a l'etude des mecanismes d'activation acido-catalysee de petits alcanes sur des catalyseurs acides solides." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000STR13096.
Full textChambon, Flora. "Transformation de la cellulose par catalyse hétérogène." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00829774.
Full textMerzouki, Mustapha. "Recherche de catalyseurs sélectifs dans l'oxydation ménagée de l'éthane en acide acétique." Compiègne, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992COMPD457.
Full textMseddi, Samir. "Hydrolyse acido-catalysée d'acétals réaction modèle pour caractériser l'acidité des catalyseurs solides en milieu aqueux /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37616828m.
Full textAkouz, Toufiq. "Nitration aromatique sur catalyseurs acides solides." Montpellier 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991MON20147.
Full textMohammed, Saad Abdul Basset. "Caracterisation par spectroscopie ft-ir de l'adsorption et de la reactivite de composes sulfures sur alumine : effet de l'ajout de sodium." Caen, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986CAEN2030.
Full textKoster, Remko Misja. "Solid acid catalysed conversions of oleochemicals." [S.l. : Amsterdam : s.n.] ; Universiteit van Amsterdam [Host], 2003. http://dare.uva.nl/document/87387.
Full textKaur, Jaspalne. "Friedel-Crafts acylation catalysed by heteropoly acids." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.272747.
Full textPrice, Peter Mark. "Aromatic alkylations catalysed by aluminium chloride modified mesoporous silica." Thesis, University of York, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.298443.
Full textLassoued, Abdessalem. "Caractérisation de catalyseurs solides par fluorescence induite par laser." Paris 6, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA066447.
Full textGoeppert, Alain. "[Sigma]-basicité et réactivité des petits alcanes en présence de superacides liquides et acides solides." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002STR13045.
Full textAbro, Sylvie. "Réactions d'estérification et de transestérification sélectives du glycérol en présence de catalyseurs solides." Poitiers, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996POIT2341.
Full textPater, Jérôme. "Etude cinétique et modélisation de l'alkylation de l'isobutane par les butènes sur catalyseurs solides." Poitiers, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998POIT2344.
Full textWalspurger, Stéphane. "Activation des petits alcanes par les acides solides et quelques exemples d'application des superacides et des acides solides en synthèse organique." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2006. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2006/WALSPURGER_Stephane_2006.pdf.
Full textThe presented work deals with the use of strong acids in petrochemistry but also in fine chemicals synthesis, and deals overall with carbocations. The intervention of such species can be demonstrated either directly by spectroscopic methods or by studying the reactivity of molecular probes. The comparison between superacids and solid acids is based on the reactivity observed in both media and the nature of intermediates. The redistribution of carbon and hydrogen atoms during the activation of propane on sulfated zirconia has been studied by solid state NMR. The analysis of the kinetics of redistribution has highlighted three types of intermediates adsorbed on the surface: the 2-propyl cation, the 1-propyl cation and the protonated cyclopropane. H/D exchange reactions with small hydrocarbons (methane, propane and néopentane) show the important role of the surface and the confinement effect of the solid as well as the anionic part of liquid superacids in the transition state leading to the activation of alkanes. Among Friedel-Crafts alkylation reactions there are some that necessitate drastic conditions and strong acidities. Thus α,β-unsaturated amides have to be diprotonated (superelectrophiles) in superacids to react with such weak nucleophiles as benzene or dichlorobenzene. Electrophilic substitution of these poor aromatic nucleophiles as well as selective ionic reduction of α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds or cyclization of 1-phenyl-2-propenone have been carried out using zeolite. The use of solid acids for such reactions is new and confirms that strong electrophiles can be generated on their surface
Thierry, Baptiste. "Conception et synthèse d'une panoplie d'alcaloi͏̈des du quinquina greffés sur support solide : application à la catalyse asymétrique par transfert de phase et à la fluoration électrophile énantiosélective." Rouen, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003ROUES028.
Full textThis work describes the synthesis of a panoply of new polymer-anchored cinchona alkaloids. Structural modifications of these alkaloids allow the anchorage through four molecular sites, on a wide variety of supports having various physical properties. These supported alkaloids have been applied in a first instance in the enantioselective synthesis of a-amino acids under phase transfer conditions giving good yields and high enantioselectivities, up to 96%. Moreover, some of these supported catalysts can be reused without significative loss of activity and efficiency. Besides, these chiral polymers have been used in the enantioselective alkylation of a-fluoro-ketones. However, only modest results were obtained for this application, although they exceed the reported results in the literature. In a second time, we exploited the polymer-anchored cinchona alkaloids in the electrophilic enantioselective fluorination of ketones. The results obtained compared favorably with those obtained with unsupported alkaloids
Mseddi, Samir. "Hydrolyse acido-catalysée d'acétals : réaction modèle pour caractériser l'acidité de catalyseurs solides en milieu aqueux." Montpellier 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988MON20113.
Full textKourieh, Reem. "Synthèse et caractérisation de catalyseurs de type oxydes mixtes pour des applications environnementales." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00993106.
Full textHabermacher, David. "Etude comparative des echanges 1h/ 2h entre divers catalyseurs acides solides et l'isobutane - dosage des sites acides de par rmn." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999STR13108.
Full textBalmer, Wilfrid. "Etude de la réaction d'hydroxyéthylation et d'hydroxypropylation de composés furaniques en présence de catalyseurs solides acides." Montpellier 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON20204.
Full textHumbert, Matthieu. "Réactivité et Spectroscopies pour caractériser l'effet des acides de Lewis en Catalyse de Polymérisation Ziegler-Natta." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE1352.
Full textThe understanding of active sites structure in Ziegler-Natta catalysis remains academically and industrially challenging. Recently, the use of Lewis acids during the preparation of Ziegler-Natta catalysts has led to activity enhancements in ethylene (and α-olefin) polymerization. Under these optimal activity conditions and to assess the Lewis-acid role, we have developed spectroscopic methods, in particular solid-state-NMR, using different observable nuclei at the active-center vicinity. Various treatments by Lewis acids were first performed on a native and industrially relevant Ziegler-Natta precatalyst (TiCl4/MgCl2/Lewis bases: THF or EtOH). These Lewis acids lead to an increase of activity in polymerization, in particular BCl3, without any modification of polymer properties. By varying polymerization conditions, we have shown that Lewis acid pre-treatments reveal new active sites identical to the ones inherently present at the native precatalyst surface. BCl3 pre-treatment on Ziegler-Natta precatalysts was then monitored by solid-state-NMR spectroscopy. The reaction between Lewis acid and Lewis bases from “activated”-MgCl2 support has been evidenced. The activation step by reaction between precatalyst and an organoaluminium compound (alkylation step accompanied by a reduction of titanium (IV) to paramagnetic titanium (III)), has also been studied by spectroscopic on paramagnetic species in order to observe preactive-site formation in olefin polymerization before ethylene introduction. Finally, in a more exploratory context, BCl3 pre-treatment has been used to activate (FeCl2/MgCl2/Lewis-base: THF) precatalysts, which are originally inactive when contacted with organoaluminium compounds. Activities comparable to titanium-based Ziegler-Natta precatalysts are subsequently observed. No major differences in ethylene polymerization were noticed except that these Iron-based precatalysts retain an excellent activity at room temperature. The spectroscopic study allows to highlight the FeCl2 complexation with THF at the precatalyst surface and the modification of Iron oxidation state after alkylation
Dingwall, Lee D. "In-situ spectroscopic studies of the mechanism of solid super-acid catalysed methanol carbonylation." Thesis, University of York, 2010. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/1077/.
Full textOsuku-Opio, John. "Catalyse par transfert de phase solide-liquide sans solvant : application à la synthèse d'amino-acides beta-gamma insaturés et de N-hydroxyamino-acides." Paris 11, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA114816.
Full textMarme, Frédérique. "Synthèse et caractérisation de solides acides à base de matériaux lamellaires ou mésoporeux." Lyon 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LYO10237.
Full textMarseault, David. "Synthèse et caractérisation de solides de type aluminosilicates à micro- et mésoporosité contrôlées pouvant être utilisés en catalyse acide." Mulhouse, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999MULH0593.
Full textLamotte, Jean. "Etude par spectroscopie infrarouge des proprietes superficielles de la thorine et des especes adsorbees resultant de l'interaction co + h : :(2)." Caen, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987CAEN2047.
Full textNervo, Roberto. "ETUDE DE L'OXYDATION ET DE L'HYDROLYSE EN MILIEU DIPHASIQUE SOLIDE-GAZ DES GLUCOMANNANES ET D'AUTRES POLYSACCHARIDES." Phd thesis, Grenoble, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00465186.
Full textDamianos, Nikolaos. "Catalyse par transfert de phase solide-liquide sans solvant : utilisation à la synthèse d'amino-acides non naturels et de composés à activité antivirale potentielle." Paris 11, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA112215.
Full textMarc, Philippe. "Étude de réactions hétérogènes autocatalytiques : application à la dissolution du dioxyde d’uranium." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0382/document.
Full textDissolution is a milestone of the head-end of hydrometallurgical processes used for recycling spent nuclear fuel. The solubilization of the chemical elements is essential before performing the liquid-liquid extraction steps to separate reusable material and final waste. This study aims at better understanding the chemical, physico-chemical and hydrodynamic phenomena of uranium dioxide dissolution reactions in nitric medium. This study is also part of a modeling approach aiming at expressing the intrinsic reaction rates and describing of the physico-chemical phenomena at interfaces. Optical microscopy confirmed the highly autocatalytic nature of the reaction and led to measurements, for the very first time, of "true" chemical kinetics of the reaction. The acid attack of sintering-manufactured solids occurs through preferential attack sites. It develops cracks in the solids that can lead to the cleavage of the solid. This inhomogeneous attack is made possible by the establishment of bubbling in the cracks which allows periodic renewal of the reagents and thus maintains the reaction within the cracks. This point is a key component of the mechanism: a strong link between the development of cracks, bubbling through the cracks, and overall dissolution kinetics is demonstrated in this work. Finally, a model coupling material balance to the structural evolution of the solid and liquid phase compositions, and taking into account the interfacial transport is proposed. The simulations based on this model are close to the experimental observations, and allow to reproduce for the very the first time the effect of various reaction parameters, such as the reduction of overall kinetics when turbulence increases
Grishechko, Liudmila. "Études des procédés de conversion de la lignine de bois en hydrocarbures liquides et en aérogels." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0248/document.
Full textThe present thesis describes the development of processes which can be used for valorizing wood extracts in the aim of preparing: (1) liquid (hydrocarbon) fuels; (2) porous materials with potential energy and environmental applications, namely thermal insulation, catalysis, abatement or separation of micropollutants. The wood extracts in question are lignins, associated or not with tannins. Both kinds of materials are presently poorly valorized, and it is shown here that they can lead to high added-value products through the processes reported in this PhD dissertation
Sahut, Bernard. "Preparation et caracterisation de catalyseurs acides solides par greffage de complexes polyoxometalliques sur des supports divises. Application a la deshydratation du methanol et a l'esterification de l'acide propanoique par le butanol-1." Paris 6, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA066739.
Full textLin, Ying-Hong, and 林盈宏. "Etherification of Glycerol with Tert-Butanol Catalysed by a Solid Acid Catalyst." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/92405755806988566501.
Full text大同大學
化學工程學系(所)
99
The etherification of glycerol with tert-butanol on the sulfonated carbon catalyst (HS-R) provides a way to transform glycerol into a value added product to be used as an oxygenated additive to diesel fuels. With a 4:1 molar ratio of tert-butanol to glycerol, a 1:10 weight ratio of catalysts to glycerol, the etherification reaction glycerol with tert-butanol in an autoclave under autogenic pressures were performed over the reaction temperatures ranged from 363 K to 473 K at the reaction time of 18 hours. We found that under the reaction temperature (473 K), a separation of oil phase and water phase of the product mixture can be achieved. The distillated oil phase product of the product mixture can increase the cetane index 50.1 of the pure petroleum diesel to 52.6 of the mixture of a 1:5 volume ratio of the distillated oil phase product to the pure petroleum diesel. Therefore, the distillated oil phase product can be a candidate of oxygenate additive for diesels (bio or petroleum).
Mukherjee, Somnath. "Crystal Structures as Mechanistic Probes : Anomeric Effects, Antiaromaticity, Molecular Inclusion and Other Studies." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2005/2982.
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