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Journal articles on the topic 'Catalytic combustion of toluene'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 24 April 2022

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1

Yu, Qian, Jun Li, Gao Cheng, Li Si Shen, Yun Jia Wang, Lin Yu, and Yong Feng Li. "Catalytic Combustion of Toluene on Cu-Mn Complex Oxides Prepared by Urea-Based Hydrothermal Method." Advanced Materials Research 311-313 (August 2011): 432–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.311-313.432.

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Catalytic combustion of toluene on Cu-Mn complex oxides was investigated. The catalysts were prepared by urea-based hydrothermal method and characterized by XRD and SEM. It was found that both the decrease of the Cu/Mn molar ratio and the increase of reaction time contributed to improving catalytic activity for toluene combustion. The temperature for 99% conversion of toluene (T99) was lowered to 210°C. The main crystalline phases of Cu-Mn complex oxides were CuO and Cu0.45Mn0.55O2. It was showed that the existence and high dispersion of Cu-Mn complex oxides were related to the catalytic combustion activity.

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2

Cao, Xiao Qiang, Xian Jun Lv, Jun Qiu, Shu Gang Hu, Sheng Rong Liu, and Xue Min Huang. "Catalytic Oxidation of Toluene over Cu_yMn_zO_x/γ-Al₂O₃ Catalysts." Advanced Materials Research 454 (January 2012): 7–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.454.7.

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Experimental investigations using granular activated carbon (GAC) adsorption and then desorpted with microwave irradiation for toluene abatement are reported in this paper. The results indicated that For different kinds of catalysts, Cu0.33Mn0.67Ox/γ-Al2O3 had the highest catalytic activity. For toluene combustion, the temperature required for 99% toluene conversion was lower than 300°C. In combination process of microwave desorption with catalytic combustion, the toluene conversion was ranged from 92% to 99% and the optimum volume flow rate ratio of carrier and air was 1:1.

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3

Matsuo, Kenji, Naoyoshi Nunotani, and Nobuhito Imanaka. "Catalytic toluene combustion over Pt loaded on lanthanum silicate with apatite-type structure." Functional Materials Letters 12, no. 05 (September 17, 2019): 1950074. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793604719500747.

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Novel Pt/La[Formula: see text]Si5CoO[Formula: see text]-Al2O3 catalysts were developed for complete toluene combustion, and their catalytic activities were investigated. The introduction of the La[Formula: see text]Si5CoO[Formula: see text] promoter enhanced the reducibility and the catalytic activity due to its oxygen release ability. Among the samples prepared in this study, the 10[Formula: see text]wt.% Pt/10[Formula: see text]wt.% La[Formula: see text]Si5CoO[Formula: see text]-Al2O3 catalyst showed the highest catalytic activity, allowing the complete toluene combustion at 120∘C. In addition, the catalyst possesses high water durability.

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4

Feng, Zhentao, Quanming Ren, Ruosi Peng, Shengpeng Mo, Mingyuan Zhang, Mingli Fu, Limin Chen, and Daiqi Ye. "Effect of CeO2 morphologies on toluene catalytic combustion." Catalysis Today 332 (July 2019): 177–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cattod.2018.06.039.

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5

Yang, Yu, Gang Wang, Peng Zheng, Falu Dang, and Jiannian Han. "Carbon deposits during catalytic combustion of toluene on Pd–Pt-based catalysts." Catalysis Science & Technology 10, no. 8 (2020): 2452–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0cy00101e.

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6

Sun, Wenjie, Yijia Huang, Xiaomin Li, Zhen Huang, Hualong Xu, and Wei Shen. "Catalytic Combustion of Toluene over Highly Dispersed Cu-CeOx Derived from Cu-Ce-MOF by EDTA Grafting Method." Catalysts 11, no. 4 (April 20, 2021): 519. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal11040519.

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In this work, Cu-CeOx-MOF catalysts with well-dispersed Cu in different contents were synthesized via the ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) grafting method. EDTA was grafted in Ce-MOF-808 to anchor Cu and then the metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) were utilized as sacrificial template to form highly performed Cu-CeOx-MOF for toluene catalytic combustion. In this series of samples, Cu-CeOx-MOF-0.2 had a higher ratio of Oα/(Oα+Oβ), more oxygen vacancies and performed better low-temperature reducibility. Cu-CeOx-MOF-0.2 showed outstanding catalytic activity and stability. The T90 (temperature when toluene conversion achieved 90%) of Cu-CeOx-MOF-0.2 was 226 °C at 60,000 mL/(gcat∙h). In situ diffuse reflectance infrared transform spectroscopy (in situ DRIFTS) results revealed that the opening of aromatic ring and the deep oxidation of carboxylate were key steps for toluene catalytic combustion over Cu-CeOx-MOF-0.2.

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7

Miao, Chao, Junjie Liu, Jinxian Zhao, Yanhong Quan, Tao Li, Yongli Pei, Xiaoliang Li, and Jun Ren. "Catalytic combustion of toluene over CeO2–CoOx composite aerogels." New Journal of Chemistry 44, no. 27 (2020): 11557–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0nj00091d.

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8

Li, W. B., Z. X. Liu, R. F. Liu, J. L. Chen, and B. Q. Xu. "Rod-like CuMnOx transformed from mixed oxide particles by alkaline hydrothermal treatment as a novel catalyst for catalytic combustion of toluene." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 18, no. 33 (2016): 22794–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6cp03433k.

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9

Si, Wenzhe, Yu Wang, Yue Peng, Xiang Li, Kezhi Li, and Junhua Li. "A high-efficiency γ-MnO2-like catalyst in toluene combustion." Chemical Communications 51, no. 81 (2015): 14977–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5cc04528b.

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10

ZHANG, Qingbao, Leihong ZHAO, Botao TENG, Yunlong XIE, and Lei YUE. "Pd/Ce0.8Zr0.2O2/Substrate Monolithic Catalyst for Toluene Catalytic Combustion." Chinese Journal of Catalysis 29, no. 4 (April 2008): 373–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1872-2067(08)60033-9.

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11

Yong-Qiang, WANG, XUE Rui, ZANG Meng, LIU Min-Min, CHEN Xi, and ZHAO Chao-Cheng. "Spinel AFe2O4 Catalysts: Preparation and Catalytic Combustion of Toluene." Journal of Inorganic Materials 32, no. 10 (2017): 1068. http://dx.doi.org/10.15541/jim20160705.

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12

Rokicińska, Anna, Marek Drozdek, Barbara Dudek, Barbara Gil, Piotr Michorczyk, Dalil Brouri, Stanislaw Dzwigaj, and Piotr Kuśtrowski. "Cobalt-containing BEA zeolite for catalytic combustion of toluene." Applied Catalysis B: Environmental 212 (September 2017): 59–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2017.04.067.

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13

Zimowska, M., A. Michalik-Zym, R. Janik, T. Machej, J. Gurgul, R. P. Socha, J. Podobiński, and E. M. Serwicka. "Catalytic combustion of toluene over mixed Cu–Mn oxides." Catalysis Today 119, no. 1-4 (January 2007): 321–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cattod.2006.08.022.

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14

Li, Ning, and François Gaillard. "Catalytic combustion of toluene over electrochemically promoted Ag catalyst." Applied Catalysis B: Environmental 88, no. 1-2 (April 29, 2009): 152–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2008.09.010.

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15

Li, Yong Feng, Yu Li, Rong Jian Mai, Qian Yu, and Lin Yu. "Effect of Electroless Plating Conditions on Toluene Catalytic Combustion Performance of Palladium-Based Catalyst." Advanced Materials Research 233-235 (May 2011): 416–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.233-235.416.

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Catalytic combustion of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is a high efficient and low-polluted technique. In this paper, the palladium-based combustion catalysts on cordierite honeycomb ceramics (CHC) substrate without interlayer film — Pd/CHC, were prepared by electroless plating method, and the effect of preparing conditions for the catalysts on the catalytic performance of toluene combustion was mainly studied. The optimal conditions were confirmed as follows: plating bath temperature is 60°C, plating time is 30min, palladium salt concentrationis 0.2g/L, and calcination temperature after plating is 500°C. Finally, the stability test further indicated that the Pd/CHC catalyst prepared by the optimal electroless plating conditions has good catalytic stability.

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16

Zou, Sibei, Mingyuan Zhang, Shengpeng Mo, Hairong Cheng, Mingli Fu, Peirong Chen, Limin Chen, Wei Shi, and Daiqi Ye. "Catalytic Performance of Toluene Combustion over Pt Nanoparticles Supported on Pore-Modified Macro-Meso-Microporous Zeolite Foam." Nanomaterials 10, no. 1 (December 20, 2019): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10010030.

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Herein, to investigate the pore effect on toluene catalytic oxidation activity, novel supports for Pt nanoparticles—ZSM-5 foam (ZF) fabricated using polyurethane foam (PUF) templates and pore-modified ZSM-5 foam (ZF-D) treated by acid etching, comparing with conventional ZSM-5 and pore-modified ZSM-5 (ZSM-5-D), were successfully synthesized. Pt nanoparticles were loaded on series ZSM-5 supports by the impregnation method. The Pt loaded on ZF-D (Pt/ZF-D) showed the highest activity of toluene catalytic combustion (i.e., T90 = 158 °C), with extraordinary stability and an anti-coking ability. Based on various catalysts characterizations, the unique macropores of ZF facilitated the process of acid etching as compared to conventional ZSM-5. The mesopores volume of ZF-D significantly increased due to acid etching, which enlarged toluene adsorption capacity and led to a better Pt distribution since some Pt nanoparticles were immobilized into some mesopores. Specifically, the microporous distribution was centered in the range of 0.7–0.8 nm close to the molecular diameter of toluene (ca. 0.67 nm), which was key to the increasing toluene diffusion rate due to pore levitation effect of catalysts and accessibility of metal. Furthermore, the reducibility of Pt nanoparticles was improved on Pt/ZF-D, which enhanced the activity of toluene catalytic oxidation.

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17

Sun, Wenjie, Xiaomin Li, Chao Sun, Zhen Huang, Hualong Xu, and Wei Shen. "Insights into the Pyrolysis Processes of Ce-MOFs for Preparing Highly Active Catalysts of Toluene Combustion." Catalysts 9, no. 8 (August 10, 2019): 682. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal9080682.

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Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) have recently been used as precursors of the catalysts for the combustion of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). In the present work, three kinds of CeO2 catalysts were successfully synthesized from Ce-MOF-808, Ce-BTC, and Ce-UiO-66, with specific topological structures and coordinate environments. Catalysts with small particle size, stacking mode, and structural defects could be created by pyrolysis of Ce-MOFs, which affects the activity in the toluene combustion significantly. Raman spectra, XPS, and OSC studies were performed to reveal the formation of defect sites. The thermal redox properties were determined by H2-TPR. Catalytic activity tests were conducted on the toluene combustion, and CeO2-MOF-808 showed the best catalytic performance (T90 = 278 °C) due to its having the largest specific surface area, abundant active surface oxygen species, and low-temperature reducibility.

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18

Li, Yong Feng, Yu Li, Yan Ting Huang, Lin Yu, Qian Yu, and Rong Jian Mai. "Palladium-Based Catalyst without Interlayer Film Prepared by Electroless Plating for Catalytic Combustion of Toluene." Advanced Materials Research 197-198 (February 2011): 957–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.197-198.957.

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The palladium-based combustion catalysts on cordierite honeycomb ceramics (CHC) substrate without interlayer film (Pd/CHC) were prepared by electroless plating method. By means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and BET specific surface area, it was found that the palladium phases on the prepared catalyst after calcination treatment at 500°C were well dispersed on substrate with small and uniform particles. The X-ray diffraction, energy dispersion X-rays (EDX) analysis, adherence test and temperature programmed reduction (H2-TPR) analysis further indicated that the palladium phase had good adherence strength on the surface of CHC substrate and the moderate ratio of metallic Pd and PdO phase was only obtained on the catalyst calcined at 500°C . Moreover, the results of activity tests for toluene combustion showed that the 0.24%Pd/CHC catalyst had good low temperature catalytic activity and temperature-resistance property. The total combustion temperature (T90) for toluene over catalyst calcined at 300, 500 and 900°C was at 239, 225 and 233°C respectively. And the toluene conversion could keep up above 97% during the stability test of Pd/CHC catalyst at 230°C for 105 h, indicating the good catalytic stability of the prepared catalyst.

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19

Li, Yong Feng, Yu Li, Lin Yu, Qian Yu, and Ji Fei Pan. "Preparation of Palladium Based Catalysts by Electroless Plating and their Application in Catalytic Combustion of Toluene." Advanced Materials Research 156-157 (October 2010): 973–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.156-157.973.

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The palladium based combustion catalysts on FeCrAl alloy substrate (Pd/FeCrAl) were prepared by electroless plating method. By means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction and BET specific surface area, it was found that the prepared catalyst after calcination treatment at 800°C could obtain utmost PdO phases, which were well dispersed on substrate with small and uniform particles. The EDX analysis and the adherence tests further indicated that a synergistic interaction was formed between palladium components and substrate on catalyst calcined above 600°C, which might be caused by α-alumina whiskers packaging palladium particles on the surface of substrate. Moreover, the results of activity tests for toluene combustion showed that the 0.1%Pd/FeCrAl catalyst had good low temperature catalytic activity and temperature-resistance property. The total combustion temperature (T90) for toluene over catalyst calcined at 600, 800 and 1000°C was at 218, 207 and 217°C respectively. And the toluene conversion could keep up above 99% during the stability test of Pd/FeCrAl catalyst at 210°Cfor 50 h, indicating the good catalytic stability of Pd/FeCrAl catalyst.

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20

Tian, Yingliang, Wencai Liu, Yongqiang Lu, and Shibing Sun. "Molten Salt Synthesis of Strontium-Doped Lanthanum Manganite Nanoparticles with Enhanced Catalytic Performance for Toluene Combustion." Nano 11, no. 05 (April 25, 2016): 1650059. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793292016500594.

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La[Formula: see text]SrxMnO[Formula: see text] (LSMO) and LaMnO[Formula: see text] (LMO) nanoparticle catalysts have been synthesized via a one-step molten salt route. It was found that the partial substitution of lanthanum by strontium had a promoting effect on the catalytic performance for toluene oxidation. Under the condition of toluene [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]ppm, toluene/O2[Formula: see text] and the space [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]mL/(g h), the temperature required for 50% and 90% toluene combustion conversion was 150[Formula: see text]C and 205[Formula: see text]C over LSMO catalyst, respectively. It is concluded that the oxygen vacancy, the molar ratio Mn[Formula: see text]/Mn[Formula: see text] on the surface and the specific surface area contribute to the improved catalytic performance of the LSMO nanoparticle materials via a one-step molten salt method.

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21

Matsuo, Kenji, Naoyoshi Nunotani, and Nobuhito Imanaka. "Noble-metal-free catalysts based on apatite-type lanthanum silicate for complete toluene combustion." Functional Materials Letters 13, no. 07 (October 2020): 2050035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793604720500356.

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Noble-metal-free LaCoO3/La[Formula: see text]Si5CoO[Formula: see text]/[Formula: see text]-Al2O3 catalysts were developed for complete toluene combustion, and their catalytic activities were investigated. The active oxygen supply from the apatite-type La[Formula: see text]Si5CoO[Formula: see text] promoter successfully improved the oxidation ability of the LaCoO3 activator, and the highest catalytic activity was obtained for the 10 wt.% LaCoO3/20 wt.% La[Formula: see text]Si5CoO[Formula: see text]/[Formula: see text]-Al2O3 catalyst, which oxidized toluene completely at the temperature as low as 300[Formula: see text]C.

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22

王, 晟康. "Study on Catalytic Combustion of Toluene on Co-Based Catalysts." Hans Journal of Chemical Engineering and Technology 09, no. 04 (2019): 299–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/hjcet.2019.94042.

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23

Liu, Yi, Lu Jia, Yi Lin, Yang Zhao, Lu Sun, Hua Ma, Hideo Kameyama, Makoto Sakurai, and Yu Guo. "Catalytic Combustion of Toluene over Cu–Mn Mixed Oxide Catalyst." JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING OF JAPAN 51, no. 9 (September 20, 2018): 769–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1252/jcej.17we266.

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24

Chen, Jin, Xi Chen, Zhen Xu, Wen-Jian Xu, Juan-Juan Li, Hong-Peng Jia, and Jing Chen. "Syntheses of Hierarchical MnO2viaH2O2Selectively Reducing KMnO4for Catalytic Combustion of Toluene." ChemistrySelect 1, no. 13 (August 16, 2016): 4052–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/slct.201600921.

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25

Ribeiro, Filipa, João M. Silva, Elisabete Silva, M. Fátima Vaz, and Fernando A. C. Oliveira. "Catalytic combustion of toluene on Pt zeolite coated cordierite foams." Catalysis Today 176, no. 1 (November 2011): 93–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cattod.2011.02.007.

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26

Albonetti, Stefania, Rosa Bonelli, Romain Delaigle, Cristina Femoni, Eric M. Gaigneaux, Vittorio Morandi, Luca Ortolani, Cristina Tiozzo, Stefano Zacchini, and Ferruccio Trifirò. "Catalytic combustion of toluene over cluster-derived gold/iron catalysts." Applied Catalysis A: General 372, no. 2 (January 15, 2010): 138–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apcata.2009.10.029.

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27

Maldonado-Hódar, F. J., C. Moreno-Castilla, and A. F. Pérez-Cadenas. "Catalytic combustion of toluene on platinum-containing monolithic carbon aerogels." Applied Catalysis B: Environmental 54, no. 4 (December 2004): 217–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2004.07.002.

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28

Hu, Chaoquan. "Catalytic combustion kinetics of acetone and toluene over Cu0.13Ce0.87Oy catalyst." Chemical Engineering Journal 168, no. 3 (April 2011): 1185–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2011.02.006.

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29

Yan, Dengfeng, Shengpeng Mo, Yuhai Sun, Quanming Ren, Zhentao Feng, Peirong Chen, Junliang Wu, Mingli Fu, and Daiqi Ye. "Morphology-activity correlation of electrospun CeO2 for toluene catalytic combustion." Chemosphere 247 (May 2020): 125860. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.125860.

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30

Cheng, Kai Yuan, Chen Yu Chang, Yung Hsu Hsieh, Kuo Shan Yao, Ta Chih Cheng, and Chun Yang Cheng. "Catalytic Destruction and Removal of Toluene by Microwave/Fe₃O₄ System." Advanced Materials Research 47-50 (June 2008): 335–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.47-50.335.

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A microwave/Fe3O4 catalytic system was proposed for treatment of volatile organic carbons (VOCs). This system comprises a household microwave oven modified as the reaction chamber, which was fitted with a vertical, cylindrical quartz reactor comprising a catalytic packed column filled with granular Fe3O4, a microwave catalyst of iron (II, III) oxide. Experimental results showed that the destruction and removal efficiency (DRE) of toluene by microwave alone was close to zero, but with the microwave/Fe3O4 system, the temperature of the catalytic packed column increased rapidly and reached thermal balance within 10-15 min. Analysis of the rear gas after combustion showed that most of the toluene was thermal oxidized into CO2 and H2O. The successful application of the proposed microwave/Fe3O4 system to thermal destruction of toluene promises a new technology for treatment of VOCs.

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31

Wang, Yu, Limin Guo, Mengqiu Chen, and Chuan Shi. "CoMnxOy nanosheets with molecular-scale homogeneity: an excellent catalyst for toluene combustion." Catalysis Science & Technology 8, no. 2 (2018): 459–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7cy01867c.

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The redox–precipitation technique yields molecularly dispersed CoMn_xO_y nanosheets with improved physicochemical properties compared to those obtained by a conventional co-precipitation method, leading to excellent catalytic activity in toluene combustion.

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32

Sun, Ming, Bentian Zhang, Hengfa Liu, Binbin He, Fei Ye, Lin Yu, Changyong Sun, and Hongli Wen. "The effect of acid/alkali treatment on the catalytic combustion activity of manganese oxide octahedral molecular sieves." RSC Advances 7, no. 7 (2017): 3958–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra27700d.

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33

Pozan, Gulin Selda. "Effect of support on the catalytic activity of manganese oxide catalyts for toluene combustion." Journal of Hazardous Materials 221-222 (June 2012): 124–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.04.022.

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34

Fu-Zhen, ZHAO, ZENG Peng-Hui, JI Sheng-Fu, YANG Xiao, and LI Cheng-Yue. "Catalytic Combustion of Toluene over CuxCo1?x/Al2O3/FeCrAl Monolithic Catalysts." Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica 26, no. 12 (2010): 3285–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3866/pku.whxb20101137.

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35

Li, Renzhu, Long Zhang, Simin Zhu, Shiyu Fu, Xiaoping Dong, Shintaro Ida, Lingxia Zhang, and Limin Guo. "Layered δ-MnO2 as an active catalyst for toluene catalytic combustion." Applied Catalysis A: General 602 (July 2020): 117715. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apcata.2020.117715.

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36

Awaya, Keisuke, Yuto Koyanagi, Kazuto Hatakeyama, Junya Ohyama, Limin Guo, Toshiyuki Masui, and Shintaro Ida. "Catalytic Toluene Combustion over Metastable Layered Manganese Cobalt Oxide Nanosheet Catalysts." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 60, no. 47 (November 15, 2021): 16930–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.1c03339.

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37

Huang, Xin, Luming Li, Rong Liu, Hongmei Li, Li Lan, and Weiqi Zhou. "Optimized Synthesis Routes of MnOx-ZrO2 Hybrid Catalysts for Improved Toluene Combustion." Catalysts 11, no. 9 (August 27, 2021): 1037. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal11091037.

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In this contribution, the three Mn-Zr catalysts with MnxZr1−xO2 hybrid phase were synthesized by two-step precipitation route (TP), conventional coprecipitation method (CP) and ball milling process (MP). The components, textural and redox properties of the Mn-Zr hybrid catalysts were studied via XRD, BET, XPS, HR-TEM, H2-TPR. Regarding the variation of synthesis routes, the TP and CP routes offer a more obvious advantage in the adjustment of the concentration of MnxZr1−xO2 solid solution compared to the MP process, which directly commands the content of Mn4+ and oxygen vacancy and lattice oxygen, and thereby leads to the enhanced mobility of reactive oxygen species and catalytic activity for toluene combustion. Moreover, the TP-Mn2Zr3 catalyst with the enriched exposure content of 51.4% for the defective (111) lattice plane of MnxZr1−xO2 exhibited higher catalytic activity and thermal stability for toluene oxidation than that of the CP-Mn2Zr3 sample with a value of 49.3%. This new observation will provide a new perspective on the design of bimetal catalysts with a higher VOCs combustion abatement.

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38

Du, Xuebi, Fang Dong, Zhicheng Tang, and Jiyi Zhang. "Precise design and synthesis of Pd/InOx@CoOx core–shell nanofibers for the highly efficient catalytic combustion of toluene." Nanoscale 12, no. 22 (2020): 12133–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0nr02334e.

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In this work, Pd/InO_x@CoO_x core–shell nanofibers, CoO_x@Pd/InO_x core–shell nanofibers and Pd/InO_x/CoO_x nanofibers with different morphologies have been successfully synthesized for the catalytic combustion of toluene.

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39

Zhang, Weidong, Paola Anguita, Javier Díez-Ramírez, Claude Descorme, Jose Luis Valverde, and Anne Giroir-Fendler. "Comparison of Different Metal Doping Effects on Co3O4 Catalysts for the Total Oxidation of Toluene and Propane." Catalysts 10, no. 8 (August 3, 2020): 865. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal10080865.

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Metal-doped (Mn, Cu, Ni, and Fe) cobalt oxides were prepared by a coprecipitation method and were used as catalysts for the total oxidation of toluene and propane. The metal-doped catalysts displayed the same cubic spinel Co3O4 structure as the pure cobalt oxide did; the variation of cell parameter demonstrated the incorporation of dopants into the cobalt oxide lattice. FTIR spectra revealed the segregation of manganese oxide and iron oxide. The addition of dopant greatly influenced the crystallite size, strain, specific surface area, reducibility, and subsequently the catalytic performance of cobalt oxides. The catalytic activity of new materials was closely related to the nature of the dopant and the type of hydrocarbons. The doping of Mn, Ni, and Cu favored the combustion of toluene, with the Mn-doped one being the most active (14.6 × 10−8 mol gCo−1 s−1 at 210 °C; T50 = 224 °C), while the presence of Fe in Co3O4 inhibited its toluene activity. Regarding the combustion of propane, the introduction of Cu, Ni, and Fe had a negative effect on propane oxidation, while the presence of Mn in Co3O4 maintained its propane activity (6.1 × 10−8 mol gCo−1 s−1 at 160 °C; T50 = 201 °C). The excellent performance of Mn-doped Co3O4 could be attributed to the small grain size, high degree of strain, high surface area, and strong interaction between Mn and Co. Moreover, the presence of 4.4 vol.% H2O badly suppressed the activity of metal-doped catalysts for propane oxidation, among them, Fe-doped Co3O4 showed the best durability for wet propane combustion.

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40

Li, Ning, Antoinette Boréave, Jean-Pierre Deloume, and François Gaillard. "Catalytic combustion of toluene over a Sr and Fe substituted LaCoO3 perovskite." Solid State Ionics 179, no. 27-32 (September 30, 2008): 1396–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssi.2008.01.060.

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41

Huang, Shushu, Dengyao Yang, Qianxi Tang, Wei Deng, Long Zhang, Ziye Jia, Zhengfang Tian, Qiang Gao, and Limin Guo. "Pt-loaded ellipsoidal nanozeolite as an active catalyst for toluene catalytic combustion." Microporous and Mesoporous Materials 305 (October 2020): 110292. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.micromeso.2020.110292.

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42

JIN, Lingyun, Mai HE, Jiqing LU, Mengfei LUO, Libiao GAO, and Jun HE. "Palladium catalysts supported on novel CexY1−xO washcoats for toluene catalytic combustion." Journal of Rare Earths 26, no. 4 (August 2008): 614–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1002-0721(08)60148-9.

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43

Ma, W. J., Q. Huang, Y. Xu, Y. W. Chen, S. M. Zhu, and S. B. Shen. "Catalytic combustion of toluene over Fe–Mn mixed oxides supported on cordierite." Ceramics International 39, no. 1 (January 2013): 277–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2012.06.022.

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44

Wang, Yongqiang, Rui Xue, Chaocheng Zhao, Fang Liu, Chunshuang Liu, and Fenglei Han. "Effects of Ce in the catalytic combustion of toluene on CuxCe1-xFe2O4." Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 540 (March 2018): 90–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2017.12.067.

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Lu, Hanfeng, Xianxian Kong, Haifeng Huang, Ying Zhou, and Yinfei Chen. "Cu–Mn–Ce ternary mixed-oxide catalysts for catalytic combustion of toluene." Journal of Environmental Sciences 32 (June 2015): 102–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2014.11.015.

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46

Marín, Pablo, Salvador Ordóñez, and Fernando V. Díez. "Combustion of toluene–hexane binary mixtures in a reverse flow catalytic reactor." Chemical Engineering Science 63, no. 20 (October 2008): 5003–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2008.03.001.

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Su, Xiao-Wen, Ling-Yun Jin, Ji-Qing Lu, and Meng-Fei Luo. "Pd/Ce0.9Cu0.1O1.9-Y2O3 catalysts for catalytic combustion of toluene and ethyl acetate." Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry 15, no. 5 (September 2009): 683–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2009.09.045.

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Özçelik, Zeynep, Gülin S. Pozan Soylu, and İsmail Boz. "Catalytic combustion of toluene over Mn, Fe and Co-exchanged clinoptilolite support." Chemical Engineering Journal 155, no. 1-2 (December 2009): 94–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2009.07.013.

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Wang, Yongqiang, Yufen Xue, Chaocheng Zhao, Dongfeng Zhao, Fang Liu, Kunkun Wang, and Dionysios D. Dionysiou. "Catalytic combustion of toluene with La0.8Ce0.2MnO3 supported on CeO2 with different morphologies." Chemical Engineering Journal 300 (September 2016): 300–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2016.04.007.

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Bahranowski, K., E. Bielańska, R. Janik, T. Machej, and E. M. Serwicka. "LDH-derived catalysts for complete oxidation of volatile organic compounds." Clay Minerals 34, no. 1 (March 1999): 67–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/000985599546082.

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AbstractThe Cu,Cr-, Zn,Cr- and Cu,Al-layered double hydroxides have been synthesized by the coprecipitation method and characterized by elemental analysis, PXRD, SEM/EDS and BET. The mixed oxide materials obtained upon calcination at 873 K show very high catalytic activity for the combustion of toluene and ethanol. The best sample is derived from the Cu,Cr-LDH precursor with a Cu:Cr ratio of 2, composed of copper oxide and copper chromite. This catalyst gave 50% conversion of toluene and ethanol at temperatures of 45 and 15 K lower, respectively, than the reference commercial catalyst. Catalytic tests with a mechanical mixture of CuO and CuCr2O4 demonstrate that the use of an LDH precursor is essential for optimum results. The importance of the simultaneous presence of both Cu and Cr, the influence of the Cu:Cr ratio on the catalytic activity and the role of the interface boundaries in the CuO-CuCr2O4 mixed oxide system are discussed.

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