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Bragin, E. V. "Risk factors which cause senile cataract evolvement: outline." Health Risk Analysis, no. 1 (2018): 113–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.21668/health.risk/2018.1.13.eng.
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Azizova, T., N. Hamada, E. Grigor'eva, and E. Bragin. "Risk of Various Types of Cataracts in a Cohort of Mayak Workers Following Chronic Occupational Exposure to Ionizing Radiation." Medical Radiology and radiation safety 65, no. 4 (2020): 48–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1024-6177-2020-65-4-48-57.
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Purpose: To assess cataract type specific risks in a cohort of workers occupationally exposed to ionizing radiation over prolonged periods.
 Material and methods: The present retrospective cohort study included 22,377 workers first employed at a nuclear production facility in 1948–1982 and followed up till the end of 2008. By the end of the follow-up period in the study worker cohort 3123 cases of cortical cataract, 1239 cases of posterior subcapsular cataract (PSC) and 2033 cases of nuclear cataracts were registered over 486,245, 489,162, 492,004 person-years of follow-up, respectively.
 Results: The incidence of PSC, cortical and nuclear cataracts was significantly linearly associated with the cumulative radiation dose. The excess relative risk per unit dose of external gamma-ray exposure (ERR/Sv) was 0.91 (95 % CI: 0.67–1.20) for PSC, 0.63 (95 % CI: 0.49–0.76) for cortical cataracts and 0.47 (95 % CI: 0.35–0.60) for nuclear cataracts. Exclusion of an adjustment for neutron dose and inclusion of additional adjustments for body mass index and smoking index reduced ERRs/Sv for all types of cataracts. However, an additional adjustment for glaucoma increased the incidence risks of cortical and nuclear cataracts just modestly (but not for PSC). Inclusion of an adjustment for diabetes mellitus reduced the ERR/Sv of external gamma-ray exposure only for PSC incidence. Increased incidence risks of all cataract types were observed in both males and females of the study cohort, but ERR/Sv was significantly higher in females (p < 0.001), especially for PSC.
 Conclusion: The incidence of various types of cataracts in the cohort of workers occupationally chronically exposed to ionizing radiation was associated with the cumulative dose of external gamma-ray exposure.
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Wu, Tsung-Tien, Ying-Ying Chen, Hui-Yu Chang, Ya-Hsin Kung, Ching-Jiunn Tseng, and Pei-Wen Cheng. "AKR1B1-Induced Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition Mediated by RAGE-Oxidative Stress in Diabetic Cataract Lens." Antioxidants 9, no. 4 (2020): 273. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox9040273.
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Purpose: Cataracts are a major cause of visual acuity deterioration in diabetes mellitus (DM) in developed and developing countries. Studies have demonstrated that overproduction of AKR1B1 and receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) plays a major role in the pathogenesis of diabetic cataracts, but it is unclear whether the prevalence of diabetic cataracts is related to epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) in lens epithelial cells. This study aimed to analyze the role of EMT in cataract formation of DM patients. Methods: Immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry assays were used to estimate AKR1B1, RAGE, AMPK, and EMT levels in epithelial human lens of DM or non-DM cataracts. Results: Immunohistochemical staining demonstrated that pathologic phases and N-cadherin expression levels were significantly higher in epithelial human lens of DM (+) compared to DM (−) cataracts. Immunofluorescent staining showed that AKR1B1 and RAGE were significantly higher in epithelial human lens of DM (+) compared to DM (−) cataracts. Interestingly, acetyl superoxide dismutase 2 (AcSOD2) levels were significantly higher in DM patients’ lens epithelial cells (LECs), whereas AMPKT172 phosphorylation was significantly increased in non-DM patients. This indicates that AMPKT172 might be related to superoxide reduction and diabetic cataract formation. Conclusions: Our results suggest that AKR1B1 overexpression can decrease AMPK activation, thereby increasing AcSOD2 and RAGE-induced EMT in epithelial human lens of DM cataracts. These novel findings suggest that AKR inhibitors may be candidates for the pharmacological prevention of cataracts in patients with DM.
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Chou, Cheng-wei, Ching-Heng Lin, Chieh-Lin Teng, and Yuh-Pyng Sher. "Association between tamoxifen and cataract risk in breast cancer patients: Analysis of a national health insurance database." Journal of Clinical Oncology 38, no. 15_suppl (2020): e24072-e24072. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.e24072.
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e24072 Background: Tamoxifen is often used for hormone-positive breast cancer. Recent trials suggested that ten years of tamoxifen use improves recurrence rate and death. Ocular side effects and cataracts were reported in previous trials. We revealed the risk of cataracts from real-world data of the Taiwan national health insurance research database. Methods: We retrieved data from the Taiwan National health insurance research database. Female breast cancer patients from 2000-2005 were enrolled in this study. Patients receiving cataract surgery were enrolled and matched with non-cataract surgery patients for comparison in the analysis. Age, cumulative days, chemotherapy, and the time interval between breast cancer and index date were included and as controlled variables. Results: Among 23,957 female breast cancer patients, a total of 1,578 patients receiving cataract surgery were enrolled and matched with patients without cataract surgery until the end of 2013. Age in patients undergoing cataract surgery group was significantly higher than the non-surgery group (59.9 and 58.3, respectively, P < 0.001). Multiple regression analyses showed an adjusted odds ratio of 1.02 (95% CI:1.01-1.03, P< 0.001). However, more prolonged exposure of tamoxifen (≧3 years) also had a higher risk of cataract development requiring surgery (adjusted odds ratio=1.32, 95% CI: 1.03–1.70, P = 0.030). Conclusions: Besides age, there is a significantly higher risk of cataract development requiring surgery among female breast cancer patients with long term tamoxifen use. Information from this study may provide further clinical surveillance efforts in cancer survivors. [Table: see text]
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Wu, Tsung-Tien, Ying-Ying Chen, Chiu-Yi Ho, et al. "3H-1,2-Dithiole-3-Thione Protects Lens Epithelial Cells against Fructose-Induced Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition via Activation of AMPK to Eliminate AKR1B1-Induced Oxidative Stress in Diabetes Mellitus." Antioxidants 10, no. 7 (2021): 1086. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox10071086.
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Studies demonstrated that the receptor of advanced glycation end products (RAGE) induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) formation in the lens epithelial cells (LECs) of diabetic cataracts. This work investigated how 3H-1,2-dithiole-3-thione (D3T) reduces EMT formation in LECs of the fructose-induced diabetes mellitus (DM). LECs were isolated during cataract surgery from patients without DM or with DM. In a rat model, fructose (10% fructose, eight weeks) with or without D3T (10 mg/kg/day) treatment induced DM, as verified by blood pressure and serum parameter measurements. We observed that the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) was significantly higher in epithelial human lens of DM (+) compared to DM (−) cataracts. Aldose reductase (AKR1B1), AcSOD2, and 3-NT were significantly enhanced in the rat lens epithelial sections of fructose-induced DM, however, the phosphorylation level of AMPKT172 showed a reversed result. Interestingly, administration of D3T reverses the fructose-induced effects in LECs. These results indicated that AMPKT172 may be required for reduced superoxide generation and the pathogenesis of diabetic cataract. Administration of D3T reverses the fructose-induced EMT formation the LECs of fructose-induced DM. These novel findings suggest that the D3T may be a candidate for the pharmacological prevention of cataracts in patients with DM.
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Andley, Usha P. "Crystallins and hereditary cataracts: molecular mechanisms and potential for therapy." Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine 8, no. 25 (2006): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1462399406000111.
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Hereditary childhood cataracts can arise from single-point mutations in genes encoding crystallins, the major protein components of the lens. The cataracts are most commonly inherited by an autosomal dominant mechanism. The nature of the changes in the lens resulting from these point mutations in crystallin genes has not been fully characterised. While aggregation and light scattering associated with expression of the mutant crystallin protein may be an end point, it is also necessary to determine the progression of changes induced at the level of development and differentiation. A key finding in recent work is that cell death or cytotoxicity is associated with mutations in αA-crystallin. The variable morphology or localisation of the cataract in different pedigrees, even with the identical crystallin gene mutation, has led to the idea that other environmental or genetic factors interact to give the final lens phenotype. The study of mechanisms of formation of hereditary cataracts may lead to a greater understanding of the mechanisms that lead to age-related cataracts, a very common cause of blindness in the ageing population.
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SEPPÄLÄ, O., A. KARVONEN, and E. T. VALTONEN. "Eye fluke-induced cataracts in natural fish populations: is there potential for host manipulation?" Parasitology 138, no. 2 (2010): 209–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182010001228.
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SUMMARYManipulation of host phenotype (e.g. behaviour, appearance) is suggested to be a common strategy to enhance transmission in trophically transmitted parasites. However, in many systems, evidence of manipulation comes exclusively from laboratory studies and its occurrence in natural host populations is poorly understood. Here, we examined the potential for host manipulation by Diplostomum eye flukes indirectly by quantifying the physiological effects of parasites on fish. Earlier laboratory studies have shown that Diplostomum infection predisposes fish to predation by birds (definitive hosts of the parasites) by reducing fish vision through cataract formation. However, occurrence of cataracts and the subsequent potential for host manipulation in natural fish populations has remained poorly explored. We studied the occurrence of eye fluke-induced cataracts from 7 common fish species (Gymnocephalus cernuus, Rutilus rutilus, Leuciscus leuciscus, Alburnus alburnus, Osmerus eperlanus, Coregonus lavaretus and Gasterosteus aculeatus) from the Bothnian Bay in the Baltic Sea. We found that the parasite-induced cataracts were common in fish and they also reached high levels which are likely to predispose fish to predation. However, we observed such cataracts only in species with the highest parasite abundances, which suggests that only certain hosts may be strongly affected by the infection.
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Bavle, Abhishek, Michael Confer, Hilarie Simpson, et al. "NCOG-64. INCIDENCE OF EARLY OCULAR COMPLICATIONS AFTER PROTON RADIATION FOR CHILDHOOD BRAIN TUMORS." Neuro-Oncology 22, Supplement_2 (2020): ii143—ii144. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noaa215.602.
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Abstract OBJECTIVES To determine the incidence, timing and risk factors of ocular complications after proton radiation (RT) in childhood brain tumor patients, to better inform screening for these complications. METHODS We performed a single-institution retrospective review of children treated with proton RT for brain tumors, with ophthalmology data available. Data abstracted included demographics, radiation details and ocular complications (cataract, dry eyes, retinal changes). RESULTS We treated 81 children with brain tumors, with protons, from 2010-18. Forty three patients with ophthalmology data available, were included in the study, with a median age of 8.3 years (y) (0.8 – 20.6y) (13 craniospinal irradiation/CSI, 27 involved-field radiation/IFRT, 3 whole ventricle). Median follow-up from end of radiation to last eye exam was 2.1y (0.2 – 7.2y). The incidence of ocular complications was 21% (9/43 patients) overall, and 62% (8/13) after CSI. Bilateral cataracts were detected at a median of 3.2y post-radiation, with incidence of 14% (6/43) overall and 38% (5/13) after CSI. Three patients underwent lens replacement. Dry eyes developed in 23% (3/13) of patients during or soon after CSI (0.04 and 0.7y post-RT). One patient with craniopharyngioma developed retinal scarring and cataracts, 2.2y and 3.5y, after IFRT. The median radiation dose to the lenses, for patients with cataract, was 26.02 Gy RBE (4 patients: 19.41 – 31.54). For 3 patients with dry eyes, the median dose (Gy RBE) was 27.93 (11.98 – 28.71) to lenses, 36.96 (25.12 – 47.49) to lacrimal glands and 30.78 (25.08 – 36.49) to corneas (mean doses to bilateral ocular structures). CONCLUSIONS Children are at risk for cataract and dry eyes after cranial protons, especially CSI, and need ophthalmology follow-up. Larger studies are needed to validate these findings and identify risk-mitigation strategies, with longer follow-up to determine the incidence of ocular complications, and functional outcomes, after cranial proton radiation.
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Bikbov, M. M., O. I. Orenburgkina, A. E. Babushkin, and G. Z. Israfilova. "Results of a new modification of anti-glaucoma surgery in the treatment of primary open-angle glaucoma in combination with cataract." Modern technologies in ophtalmology, no. 1 (May 29, 2021): 67–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.25276/2312-4911-2021-1-67-70.
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Purpose. To study the effectiveness of the developed partially fistulizing glaucoma surgery in the treatment of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) in combination with complicated cataract. Material and methods. 28 patients (28 eyes) were examined, including 13 patients (13 eyes) with I–III stages of POAG, operated according to the method of glaucoma surgery developed by us (group 1), and 15 patients (15 eyes) with a combination of previously unoperated glaucoma with incomplete complicated cataracts, who underwent a combined intervention – simultaneous phacoemulsification of cataracts with the specified variant of partially fistulizing glaucoma intervention (group 2). The analysis of the frequency of complications, the dynamics of visual functions, visual acuity and ophthalmotonus before surgery, at the time of discharge from the hospital, and in the longterm (6–9 months) after surgery was carried out. Results. In group 1, in the long term, the absolute hypotensive effect was recorded in 81.8% of cases, visual functions remained the same – in 90.9%. In group 2, by the end of follow – up, the level of normalized intraocular pressure was recorded in all patients, while in 78.6% of cases without drug correction and in 21.4% – with the help of antihypertensive drugs. Visual acuity in group 2, after a single-stage combined operation by the day of discharge from the hospital, averaged 0.53±0.05, in the long-term – 0.77±0.06, while the stabilization of glaucoma optic neuropathy after surgery occurred in 92.9%. Conclusion. Glaucoma surgery according to the proposed method in the studied long-term periods in patients with POAG provided a sufficiently high hypotensive effect and the preservation of visual functions. Combined single-stage intervention was an effective way to increase visual acuity, normalize ophthalmotonus and stabilize glaucoma optic neuropathy, as well as reduce drug load. Key words: primary open-angle glaucoma, cataract, partially fistulizing glaucoma surgery, cataract phacoemulsification.
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Charakidas, A., A. Kalogeraki, M. Tsilimbaris, P. Koukoulomatis, D. Brouzas, and G. Delides. "Lens Epithelial Apoptosis and Cell Proliferation in Human Age-Related Cortical Cataract." European Journal of Ophthalmology 15, no. 2 (2005): 213–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/112067210501500206.
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Purpose To probe the presence of apoptosis in the epithelium of human lenses with age-related cortical cataract as well as to assess cell proliferation, a predicted consequence of apoptotic cell death, in this specific cell population. Methods DNA fragmentation was assessed using terminal digoxigenin-labeled dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) in capsulotomy specimens obtained from patients who underwent either extracapsular cataract extraction for the removal of adult-onset cortical cataract (n=27) or clear lens extraction for the correction of high myopia (n=25). Cell proliferation was assayed in 23 epithelia of cataractous lenses, and 20 epithelia of non-cataractous lenses with the proliferation marker MIB1, a monoclonal antibody against the nuclear antigen Ki-67 that is detected throughout the cell cycle but is absent in the resting (G0) cell. Results TUNEL staining was observed in 25 (92.6%) specimens of cataractous lenses, whereas cells undergoing apoptosis were identified in 2 (8%) of the epithelia from non-catarac-tous lenses. Only two MIB1-positive samples were detected, one of which was a capsule obtained during intracapsular cataract extraction. Conclusions The epithelium of human lenses with cortical cataract undergoes low rate apoptotic death. This limited epithelial apoptosis is unlikely to result in any significant cell density decrease since epithelial gaps are likely to be replaced by cell proliferation at the germinative zone of the anterior lens capsule. Nevertheless, the accumulation of small-scale epithelial losses during lifetime may induce alterations in lens fiber formation and homeostasis and result in loss of lens transparency.
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Chen, Ying-Ying, Tsung-Tien Wu, Chiu-Yi Ho, et al. "Dapagliflozin Prevents NOX- and SGLT2-Dependent Oxidative Stress in Lens Cells Exposed to Fructose-Induced Diabetes Mellitus." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 18 (2019): 4357. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20184357.
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Purpose: Cataracts in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) are a major cause of blindness in developed and developing countries. This study aims to examine whether the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) via the increased expression of glucose transporters (GLUTs) and the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) influences the cataract development in DM. Methods: Lens epithelial cells (LECs) were isolated during cataract surgery from patients without DM or with DM, but without diabetic retinopathy. In a rat model, fructose (10% fructose, 8 or 12 weeks) with or without dapagliflozin (1.2 mg/day, 2 weeks) treatment did induce DM, as verified by blood pressure and serum parameter measurements. Immunofluorescence stainings and immunoblottings were used to quantify the protein levels. Endogenous O2˙¯ production in the LECs was determined in vivo with dihydroethidium stainings. Results: We investigated that GLUT levels in LECs differed significantly, thus leading to the direct enhancement of RAGE-associated superoxide generation in DM patients with cataracts. Superoxide production was significantly higher in LECs from rats with fructose-induced type 2 DM, whereas treatment with the sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor dapagliflozin prevented this effect in fructose-fed rats. Protein expression levels of the sodium/glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2), GLUT1, GLUT5, the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate reduced form (NADPH) oxidase subunit p67-phox, NOX2/4 and RAGE were upregulated in fructose-fed animals, whereas dapagliflozin treatment reversed these effects. Conclusions: In rats with fructose-induced DM, dapagliflozin downregulates RAGE-induced NADPH oxidase expression in LECs via the inactivation of GLUTs and a reduction in ROS generation. These novel findings suggest that the SGLT2 inhibitor dapagliflozin may be a candidate for the pharmacological prevention of cataracts in patients with DM.
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Shrestha, UD. "Postoperative follow up Challenge in Paediatric Cataract Surgery in Nepal." Journal of Nepal Paediatric Society 31, no. 3 (2011): 198–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v31i3.4062.
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Introduction: Paediatric ophthalmology is a branch of specialty care for the health of the eyes of children. It focuses on the removal of paediatric cataracts and management of refractive error, strabismus etc. Perioperative and post-operative challenges related to paediatric cataract are known to all ophthalmologists worldwide. However, in a developing country like Nepal the main challenge of these patients are the post-operative follow up. The aim of the study is to find out the ways to reduce the post-operative follow up challenges in paediatric cataract surgery. Hence the ophthalmic assistants in the community eye centers need to be trained to examine the eyes of children. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study. A review of patient records, operated from July 2006 to December 2007, at Tilganga Institute of Ophthalmology was done. One hundred eyes of 69 patients were operated during the study period. Results: Follow-up assessment of visual acuity was available for 19 eyes only at the end of six weeks. Conclusion: At the end of six postoperative weeks, refractive status is important. This helps to prescribe the glasses to children as per need. If the post-operative visual status is not known, it is as equal as not performing the surgery. Ophthalmic assistants at community eye centers need to be trained to evaluate and record postoperative visual status of the paediatric age group. For this regular training and refreshers course on the pediatric eye care service is being conducted at the tertiary level for the ophthalmic assistants. This is more practical in the developing countries like Nepal. Key words: Cataract; Intraocular lens; Pediatric cataract surgery DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v31i3.4062 J Nep Paedtr Soc 2011;31(3):198-201
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Ruiz, Thais, Arleana B. P. F. Almeida та Alexandre P. Ribeiro. "Concentrations of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and interleukin-1 β in the aqueous humor of dogs with normal and cataractous eyes". Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 40, № 3 (2020): 181–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-6102.
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ABSTRACT: We aimed to determine the concentration of MMP-2 and IL-1β in the aqueous humor of dogs with healthy eyes (n=8) and in those with mature (n=8) and hyper mature cataracts (n=8). Correlations between cytokines, cytokines, and intraocular pressure (IOP), as well as cytokines with ages of patients of each group, were also assessed. In patients with cataract, aqueous humor was collected at the end of the electroretinographic procedure. In healthy dogs, aqueous humor was collected before elective surgeries. Cytokine levels were determined using ELISA. IOP was assessed by applanation tonometry. IOP of patients with mature and hyper mature cataracts were lower than the ones measured in normal eyes (P=0.158). MMP-2 aqueous humor concentration was higher in patients with hyper mature cataracts, in comparisons with healthy patients (P=0.04). Average IL-1 β aqueous concentration was higher in patients with cataracts (P<0.0001). Significant higher values of IL-1 β were observed in patients with hyper mature, than in the ones with mature cataracts (P=0.0085). Correlations between MMP-2 and IL-1 β (r=-0.38, P=0.06), MMP-2 and IOP (r=-0.149, P=0.484), and IL-1 β and the ages of patients were not observed (P>0.05). IL-1 β and IOP correlated negatively (r=-0.42, P=0.04). MMP-2 and the ages of patients correlated only in dogs with mature cataracts (r=0.772, P=0.02). It can be concluded that the increment in the aqueous humor concentration of IL-1 β found in dogs with mature and hyper mature cataracts, in addition to the negative relationship of this cytokine with IOP, suggests that IL-1 β is involved in the pathogenesis of LIU. Despite dogs with hypermature cataracts presented significant higher concentrations of MMP-2 in the aqueous humor, such cytokine did not correlate with IL-1 β and IOP. In our study, a relationship between aqueous humor cytokines and the ages of patients was only confirmed between MMP-2 and the ages of dogs with mature cataracts.
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Boengas, Sawitri. "Profil Kekeruhan Kapsul Lensa Posterior Pasca-Operasi Katarak Developmental." KELUWIH: Jurnal Kesehatan dan Kedokteran 1, no. 2 (2020): 53–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.24123/kesdok.v1i2.2573.
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Abstract-Visual Rehabilitation optimization is the main goal of cataract management in children. To achieve the optimum vision development, cataract management in children does not come to an end by the time a cataract surgery is performed. In most cases, problems occurring in vision rehabilitations include posterior capsule opacifications in post-surgery children cataract patients. Objective To know the profile of posterior capsule opacification in developmental cataract surgeries of children (aged 5-18) at Cicendo National Eye Hospital in January-December 2016. Method: The design of this study is observational retrospective study using medical records of post-operative developmental cataracts patients with intra ocular lens implantations with inclusion and exclusion criteria. The procedures were performed on 74 eyes in 47 patients. Results: Posterior capsule opacification (OPC) occurred in 41 (55.4%) eyes, detected in week 1-36 post-op. In week 0-6 post-op, OPC occurred the most to the tune of 13 (31.7%) eyes with dominating age group of under 9 years old to the tune of 29 (68.3%) eyes. Conclusion: PCO shows a tendency of occurring more in younger patients. Factors which affect PCO include complications, e.g. eye abnormalities, the relating systemic abnormalities, surgery techniques, and inaccurate selection of intra-ocular lens.
 Keywords: developmental cataract, posterior capsul opacification
 Abstrak-Tujuan utama penanganan katarak anak adalah optimalisasi rehabilitasi penglihatan. Untuk mencapai perkembangan yang optimal, penalataksanaan katarak anak tidak berhenti pada operasi saja. Potensi hambatan optimalisasi rehabilitasi penglihatan adalah seringnya terjadi kekeruhan kapsul lensa posterior. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui profil kekeruhan kapsul lensa posterior pasca-operasi katarak developmental anak usia 5-18 tahun di Pusat Mata Nasional Rumah Sakit Mata Nasional Cicendo antara Januari-Desember 2016. Penelitian dilakukan secara retrospektif observasional melalui rekam medik pasien katarak developmental anak usia 5-18 tahun yang dilakukan operasi katarak dan implantasi LIO pada bulan Januari-Desember 2016 dengan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi yang telah ditetapkan. Hasil menunjukkan terdapat 47 anak, 74 mata dengan diagnosis katarak developmental telah dilakukan operasi katarak dan penanaman LIO. Pasca-operasi didapatkan 41 (55.4%) mata mengalami PCO, terdeteksi pertama kali minggu ke-1-36 pasca-operasi, terbanyak pada minggu ke-0-6 pasca-operasi yaitu 13 (31.7%) mata. Kelompok usia terbanyak di bawah 9 tahun yaitu 29 (68.3%) mata. Simpulan penelitian ini adalah semakin muda usia saat dioperasi, semakin cepat timbul PCO. Faktor yang mempercepat timbulnya PCO lainnya adalah penyakit lain yang menyertai, seperti kelainan lain pada mata, kelainan sistemik yang menyertai, teknik operasi dan pemilihan LIO yang kurang tepat. Penatalaksanaan PCO adalah Nd:YAG Laser dan kapsulotomi posterior sekunder.
 Kata kunci: katarak developmental, PCO
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SCHRØDER, HENRIK DAA, and STEEN HOLST NISSEN. "ANT-EGG CATARACT." Acta Ophthalmologica 57, no. 3 (2009): 435–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-3768.1979.tb01826.x.
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NISSEN, STEEN HOLST, and HENRIK DAA SCHRØDER. "ANT-EGG CATARACT." Acta Ophthalmologica 57, no. 1 (2009): 14–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-3768.1979.tb06654.x.
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V. S., Dhanya, Manju Abraham, and Radha Nair. "Evaluation of the factors affecting visual prognosis in patients with traumatic cataract." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 8, no. 12 (2020): 4307. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20204996.
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Background: Ocular trauma is a major cause of visual impairment throughout the world, although little is known about the factors that affect the visual outcome in traumatic cataract in developing countries. The objective of the study was to find out the associated ocular injuries and the factors affecting final visual outcome of patients with traumatic cataract.Methods: This prospective-hospital based study was conducted on 50 patients of traumatic cataract in the department of ophthalmology government medical college, Ernakulam, from January 2009 to December 2011. Patients were managed with lens extraction and intraocular lens implantation. Regular follow up of patients was done and best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and post-operative complications were assessed at the end of six months.Results: Our study showed that majority (64%) of patients were in the age group of <40 years with male preponderance. visual outcome was significantly better in younger age group (<20 years) than the older group (>20 years) (p=0.03). There was no significant difference in final visual outcome of traumatic cataracts caused by penetrating or blunt trauma (p=0.73). Corneal tear was most common associated ocular damage followed by uveitis, lens matter in anterior chamber.Conclusions: Age of the patient affects final visual outcome after surgical treatment of traumatic cataract but type of trauma (blunt/penetrating) had no significant effect on final visual outcome. Corneal tear was most common associated ocular damage.
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Gabbay, Itay Elimelech, Uri Gabbay, Daniel A. Goldstein, and Yoav Nahum. "Should every candidate for cataract extraction be scheduled to the preoperative clinic? The Rabin Medical Center experience." European Journal of Ophthalmology 30, no. 6 (2019): 1268–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1120672119865842.
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Background: Cataract surgery is one of the most common elective surgeries. We present a novel approach of preoperative triage using community-based ophthalmologist referral letters for scheduling surgery, thus reducing both patient and physician time prior to surgery. Since most patients are not routinely examined in a preoperative clinic, day of surgery cancelations are a possibility. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficiency of our triage system. Methods: Historical prospective study in which the end point was day-of-surgery cancelation. The main outcome measure of this study was the rate of cancelations which could have been prevented by a preoperative visit. Patients’ records were reviewed for reasons for cancelation and demographics. Results: During the study period, 1030 patients underwent cataract surgery, 171 patients (16.6%) were examined in the preoperative clinic. Forty-five patients (4.4%) were canceled on the day of surgery due to various reasons. The main reason for cancelation (13 cases, 28.9%) was non-availability of operating theater. In 20 cases (1.9% of total patients, 44.4% of cancelations), the cancelations could have been prevented by a preoperative clinic visit. Conclusion: Our results suggests that most cataract patients do not require preoperative visit prior to the day of surgery. The cooperation of community-based ophthalmologists and the availability of senior surgeons in the operating theater allows for the proper implementation of our system. Direct referral to surgery could shorten both costs and time to surgery and provide timely treatment for cataracts in a cost-aware environment.
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Kim, Junghyun, Chan-Sik Kim, Eunjin Sohn, Hyojun Kim, Il-Ha Jeong, and Jin Sook Kim. "KIOM-79 Prevents Lens Epithelial Cell Apoptosis and Lens Opacification in Zucker Diabetic Fatty Rats." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2011 (2011): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/717921.
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Damage of lens epithelial cells (LECs) has been implicated in cataract formation. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of KIOM-79, a combination of four plant extracts, on LECs. We examined the levels of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) activation and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression in LECs during cataract development using the Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rat, an animal model of type 2 diabetes. KIOM-79 was orally administered by gavage to ZDF rats once a day for 13 weeks. Apoptosis was detected by TUNEL assay, and NF-κB activation and iNOS expression were studied by southwestern histochemistry and immunohistochemistry, respectively. In diabetic cataractous lenses, TUNEL-positive LECs were markedly increased 20-fold, and AGEs were highly accumulated (2.7-fold) in LECs. In addition, both NF-κB activation, and iNOS expression were significantly enhanced 3- to 5-fold, respectively, compared to levels found in normal ZL rats. However, the administration of KIOM-79 delayed the development of diabetic cataracts and prevented LEC apoptosis (70%) through the inhibition of AGEs, NF-κB-activation and iNOS expression. These observations suggest that KIOM-79 is useful in inhibiting diabetic cataractogenesis and acts through an antiapoptotic mechanism to protect LECs from injury.
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Riise, Ruth. "HEREDITARY “ANT-EGG-CATARACT”." Acta Ophthalmologica 45, no. 3 (2009): 341–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-3768.1967.tb06498.x.
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Clemmensen, Kåre, Jan J. Enghild, Anders Ivarsen, Ruth Riise, Henrik Vorum, and Steffen Heegaard. "“Ant-egg” cataract revisited." Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology 255, no. 1 (2016): 119–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00417-016-3539-z.
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Gutiérrez-Robledo, Luis Miguel, Miguel Angel Villasís-Keever, Arturo Avila-Avila, Raúl Hernán Medina-Campos, Roberto Carlos Castrejón-Pérez, and Carmen García-Peña. "Effect of Cataract Surgery on Frequency of Falls among Older Persons: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis." Journal of Ophthalmology 2021 (March 15, 2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/2169571.
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Background. Falls are a significant public health problem among older people worldwide. The aim was to perform a new systematic review and meta-analysis to assess whether cataract surgery is effective in reducing the rate of falls in older persons. Methods. The systematic review was performed following the recommendations by the Cochrane Collaboration. Original papers were included with RCT or quasi-experimental design, which described the effect on uni- or bilateral cataract surgery on the rate of falls among people aged 60 or older. Titles and abstracts were reviewed, full-text versions were retrieved, and two independent examiners reviewed them to assess inclusion criteria. All relevant variables were synthesised in an evidence table. Random-effects meta-analyses were performed pooling the trials, and results were expressed as relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals. Results. The initial search reported 99 potential abstracts, and 41 full-text versions were examined. In the end, eight studies were included. Five included patients 65 years of age and older, two patients 55 years and older, and one included patients 50 years or older. Phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implant were performed in all studies. Two were RCT, and six were quasi-experimental. Falls was the main outcome. The six quasi-experimental studies reported that a reduction in the frequency of falls was observed (RR 0.68, 95% CI 0.48–0.96), although heterogeneity was significant (I2 = 74%). Only one RCT reported risk reduction of 34% (RR 0.66, 95% CI 0.45–0.96). Conclusions. This meta-analysis provides evidence that the first cataract surgery reduces the frequency of falls in older people with bilateral cataracts, but a second surgery does not have significant impact.
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Bhutto, Shabeer Ahmad, Naeem Akhtar Katpar, and Safdar Ali Abbasi. "PHACOEMULSIFICTION." Professional Medical Journal 25, no. 10 (2018): 1605–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/18.4979.
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Objectives: The objective of this study is to evaluate visual outcome afterphacoemulsification in diabetic patients. Study Design: Prospective study. Setting:Ophthalmology department of Shaheed Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Medical University Larkana.Period: January 2017 to April 2018. Method: Over a period of 15 months, all diabetic patientshaving cataracts were part of the study. All these patients would undergo phacoemulsificationfor cataract removal by a single ophthalmologist. A total of 76 participants were includedand their consent was taken. Visual acuity and progression of diabetic retinopathy would beassessed 12 months post-operatively. Results: The data included 76 patients, among which32 were females (43%) and 44 males (57%). The mean age of females were 58 + 6.8 yearsand that of males were 62.5 + 9.3. Mean hbA1c of 76 patients were 9.2. At the end of firstpost-operative year of the 76 operated eyes, 46 eyes (60.52%) indicated no progression ofdiabetic retinopathy, whereas 30 eyes (39.47%) showed no progression of retinopathy. Therewas no significant discrepancy in progression of retinopathy in the number of operated andun-operated eyes post-operatively. Retinopathy progression was related to higher mean hbA1cOE p= 0.001 NOE p=0.015). Conclusion: The number of people having diabetes mellitus isincreasing exponentially. Early diagnosis and good diabetic control is associated with slowdevelopment of cataract. Uncomplicated phacoemulsification leads to good visual outcomeand better quality of life.
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Sokolovskaya, T. V., P. L. Volodin, V. N. Yashina, and V. V. Teplovodskaya. "Eye Hydrodynamics after Combined Treatment of Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma and Complicated Cataract." Acta Biomedica Scientifica 4, no. 4 (2019): 129–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.29413/abs.2019-4.4.20.
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Aim: To study hydrodynamics of the eye after combined treatment – a combination of laser activation of trabecula and cataract phacoemulsification – in a comparative aspect.Material and methods. The study included 65 patients (65 eyes) with initial and advanced stages (I–II stages) of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and complicated cataract. Among the patients there were 38 women (58.5 %) and 27 men (41.5 %), the average age was 68.8 ± 8.2 years. The follow-up period is 12 months after the treatment. The patients were divided into two groups: the main one – 33 patients (33 eyes) who underwent combined treatment – YAG-laser activation of trabecula (YAG-LAT) and phacoemulsification of cataract with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation, the control group – 32 patients (32 eyes) who underwent only phacoemulsification.Initially, the average intraocular pressure (IOP) (P0) in the main and control groups was 20.72 ± 3.39 mm Hg and 21.02 ± 3.55 mm Hg respectively. The average number of antihypertensive drugs used in the study group was 1.53 ± 0.64, in the control group – 1.34 ± 0.55.Results. There were no intraand postoperative complications. By the end of the follow-up period, a significant decrease in the average IOP level compared to its preoperative value by 29.2 % was determined in the main group, and 9.8 % in the control. The average number of antihypertensive drugs used in the study group decreased from 1.53 ± 0.64 to 0.67 ± 0.59 (p < 0.05), in the control group of patients, on the contrary, the average number of antihypertensive agents increased from 1.34 ± 0.55 to 1.91 ± 0.70 (p < 0.05).Conclusion. In the long-term postoperative period after combined treatment (YAG-LAT + phaco), IOP normalization was achieved in 96.9 % of cases, as well as a significant increase in visual acuity of patients. The developed method of treatment is safe, has a minimal risk of complications and can be used for the treatment of patients with initial stages of POAG in combination with complicated cataracts with increased IOP level, inefficiency of antihypertensive therapy.
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Dewi and O’Connor. "Use of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells to Define Initiating Molecular Mechanisms of Cataract for Anti-Cataract Drug Discovery." Cells 8, no. 10 (2019): 1269. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells8101269.
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Cataract is a leading cause of blindness worldwide. Currently, restoration of vision in cataract patients requires surgical removal of the cataract. Due to the large and increasing number of cataract patients, the annual cost of surgical cataract treatment amounts to billions of dollars. Limited access to functional human lens tissue during the early stages of cataract formation has hampered efforts to develop effective anti-cataract drugs. The ability of human pluripotent stem (PS) cells to make large numbers of normal or diseased human cell types raises the possibility that human PS cells may provide a new avenue for defining the molecular mechanisms responsible for different types of human cataract. Towards this end, methods have been established to differentiate human PS cells into both lens cells and transparent, light-focusing human micro-lenses. Sensitive and quantitative assays to measure light transmittance and focusing ability of human PS cell-derived micro-lenses have also been developed. This review will, therefore, examine how human PS cell-derived lens cells and micro-lenses might provide a new avenue for development of much-needed drugs to treat human cataract.
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Abdulmalek Rajkhan, Abdulmalek Rajkhan. "GAMOS DICOM Simulation on Occupational EL Dose due to 99mTc and 131I Exposures in Nuclear Medicine Departments." journal of King Abdulaziz University Engineering Sciences 30, no. 1 (2019): 65–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4197/eng.30-1.5.
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Radiation induced cataracts is a disease that is common amongst radiation exposed staff. About 30 percent of retired occupational radiation workers developed eye lens (EL) cataracts. Epidemiological studies on radiation therapy patients, occupational workers, and atomic bomb survivors show that 0.5 Gy of acute or fractioned radiation dose to EL causes one or both lens to cloud. The annual EL dose limit drawn by the International Commission for Radiation Protection (ICRP) was 150 mSv and was changed in 2012 to 20 mSv averaged over 5 years, with no single year exceeding 50 mSv. The limited number of researche done in Nuclear Medicine (NM) clinics with the Hp(3) dosimeters suggest that the annual EL dose from three procedures is measured to be between 4.5 and 9 mSv (i.e. dispensing, preparing and administering). These procedures are performed when the radioactive materials are in closed shielded containers or behind a barrier. Common radioactive material handled by occupational workers in NM clinics are 99mTc and 131I. They pose less radiation hazard to workers EL in the three procedures when they are behind shielded containers. Moreover, once the radioactive material is administered into patients, they become open sources and pose more radiation hazard to workers. The Hp(3) dosimeter is a new uncommon dosimeter. Many radiation facilities use the Hp(0.07) and Hp(10) dosimeters coupled with many conditions and conversion factors to find approximate results. Therefore, simulations are performed to find the EL dose. However, some simulations are performed with little flexibility in simulation geometry, others utilize low-quality phantoms or present the simulation results in terms of fluxes or energy ranges. In the present study, the NM worker EL dose is simulated by utilizing a high-resolution Digital Imagning Communication in Medicine (DICOM) image in GEANT4 Archeticture for Medical Oriented Simulation (GAMOS). A water cylinder homogenously filled by radioactive material, representing the administered patient, was created in the simulation. The worker exposure scenario was simulated by placing the cylinder in three different directions and five different distances with respect to the DICOM image. The results of the simulation reveal that the highest occupational EL radiation dose is received from the anterior-posterior direction, followed by the lateral, and the posterior-anterior directions. The results of the conservative simulated scenario reveal that the worker EL dose is exposed to three tenths of the annual dose limit after 110 131I patients, or 300 99mTc patients.
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Gheorghe, Alina, and Roxana Gabriela Chiș. "Posterior Polar Cataract." Medical Image Database 1, no. 1 (2018): 7–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.33695/mid.v1i1.6.
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Young patient was referred to us for cataract surgery removal and artificial intraocular implant , due to progressive vision loss. Slit lamp examination revealed posterior polar cataract. Posterior Polar cataract represent a medically and surgically unique subset of cataract that often arise at the end of a hyaloid artery remnant, which can result in a range of pathology from the benign "Mittendorf dot" to a more clinically relevant cataract.[1] Capsular fragility has been reported [2] that is why surgical technique must place the least amount of stress possible on the posterior capsule. [2] The surgeon should avoid hydrodissesction and the removal of the nucleus should be performed in a very stable anterior chamber. After lens material phacoemulsification, manual manipulation of posterior polar plaque should be attempted. If posterior capsular rupture occurs, anterior vitrectomy should be done before placing the intraocular lens.
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Arriola-Villalobos, Pedro, Jose Maria Martinez-de-la-Casa, David Diaz-Valle, Laura Morales-Fernandez, Cristina Fernandez-Perez, and Julian Garcia-Feijoo. "Glaukos iStent inject® Trabecular Micro-Bypass Implantation Associated with Cataract Surgery in Patients with Coexisting Cataract and Open-Angle Glaucoma or Ocular Hypertension: A Long-Term Study." Journal of Ophthalmology 2016 (2016): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/1056573.
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Purpose. To evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of the iStentinjectdevice (Glaukos Corporation, Laguna Hills, CA) combined with phacoemulsification in patients with coexistent cataract and open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension (OHT).Methods. A prospective, uncontrolled, nonrandomized, interventional case series study was conducted in patients with both mild or moderate open-angle glaucoma or OHT and cataract. Patients underwent cataract surgery along with the implant of two iStentinjectdevices. Outcome measures were intraocular pressure (IOP), topical hypotensive medications required, and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA).Results. 20 patients were enrolled. Mean follow-up was47.4±18.46months. Mean baseline IOP was19.95±3.71 mmHg with medication and26±3.11 mmHg after washout. Mean end-follow-up IOP was16.25±1.99 mmHg, representing an IOP decrease of 36.92%,9.74±3.14 mmHg (P<0.001), from baseline washout IOP. The mean number of medications was significantly reduced from1.3±0.66to0.75±0.79(P=0.017). 45% of patients were medication-free by the end of follow-up. MeanlogMARBCVA improved significantly from0.42±0.16to0.18±0.16(P<0.001). No complications of surgery were observed.Conclusion. The iStentinjectdevice combined with cataract surgery served to significantly reduce both IOP and medication use in the long term in patients with coexistent open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension (OHT) and cataract.
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Skrok, Marta Katarzyna, Damian Siedlecki, and David Alonso-Caneiro. "Precise geometry of the anterior chamber of the eye by means of OCT imaging." Photonics Letters of Poland 10, no. 3 (2018): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4302/plp.v10i3.819.
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Nowadays medicine highly relies on non-invasive optical diagnostic methods. The likewise situation is in the case of ophthalmology, especially in diagnosis of anterior segment eye diseases, where optical coherence tomography (OCT) plays inestimable role. OCT devices can do fast, painless measurements of the anterior segment of the eye. Nonetheless it should be remembered that the OCT images are burdened with an optical distortion and they doesn’t reflect the true geometry of the eye. This study presents an algorithm for correcting the distortion in OCT images and reflecting true parameters of the anterior segment of the eye. Full Text: PDF ReferencesA. Podoleanu, I. Charalambous, L. Plesea, A. Dogariu, R. Rosen, "Correction of distortions in optical coherence tomography imaging of the eye", Phys. Med. Biol. 49(7), 1277 (2004). CrossRef S. Ortiz, D. Siedlecki, I. Grulkowski, L. Remon, D. Pascual, M. Wojtkowski, S. Marcos, "Optical distortion correction in Optical Coherence Tomography for quantitative ocular anterior segment by three-dimensional imaging", Opt. Express 18, 2782 (2010). CrossRef F. LaRocca, S.J. Chiu, R.P. McNabb, A.N. Kuo, J.A. Izatt, S. Farsiu, "Robust automatic segmentation of corneal layer boundaries in SDOCT images using graph theory and dynamic programming", Biom. Opt. Express 2(6), 1524 (2011). CrossRef S.A. Read et al., "Anterior eye tissue morphology: Scleral and conjunctival thickness in children and young adults", Sci. Rep. 6, 33796 (2016). CrossRef S.R. Uhlhorn, D. Borja, F. Manns, J.-M. Parel, "Refractive index measurement of the isolated crystalline lens using optical coherence tomography", Vision Res., 48(27), 2732 (2008). CrossRef R. Koprowski, Z. Wróbel, S. Wilczyński, A. Nowińska, E. Wylęgała, "Methods of measuring the iridocorneal angle in tomographic images of the anterior segment of the eye", Biomed. Eng. Online, 12, 40 (2013). CrossRef D.P. Pinero, A.B. Plaza Puche, J.L. Alio, "Corneal diameter measurements by corneal topography and angle-to-angle measurements by optical coherence tomography: Evaluation of equivalence", J. Cataract Refract. Surg. 34, 126 (2008). CrossRef B. Urban, M. Krętowska, M. Szumiński, A. Bakunowicz-Łazarczyk, " Evaluation of anterior chamber depth measurements in emmetropic, hypermetropic and myopic eyes in children and adolescents using OCT Visante", Klinika Oczna 114(1), 18 (2012). DirectLink L. Chen, D. Chernyak, "Pupil Changes under Scotopic and Photopic illumination", Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 54, 1524 (2013). DirectLink D. Monsalvez-Romin, A.J. del Aguila-Carrasco, T. Ferrer-Blasco, J.J. Esteve-Taboada, R Montes-Mico, Evaluation of the iridocorneal angle with accommodation using optical coherence tomography", Int. J. Ophthalmol. 10(10), 1614 (2017). CrossRef
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Chua, Alfred WY, Matthew J. Chua, Brian P. Harrisberg, and Chandra M. Kumar. "Review of anaesthetic management for cataract surgery in transplant recipients." Anaesthesia and Intensive Care 48, no. 1 (2020): 25–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0310057x19891737.
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The prevalence of transplantation is on the increase worldwide. Corneal transplantation is the most common form of human donor transplantation. Transplantation of other organs and bone marrow is established treatment for various end-organ failure and many haematological conditions, respectively. Success and survival of these patients have increased with advances in immunosuppression. Unfortunately, these patients are susceptible to cataract formation as a consequence of immunosuppressive therapy and accelerated progression of several diseases. Topical anaesthesia and regional ophthalmic blocks are ideal for cataract surgery in cooperative adults. General anaesthesia may be required in children, for extremely anxious or claustrophobic adults and for complex surgery such as simultaneous cataract and corneal transplantation. The perioperative anaesthetic management of cataract surgery in a transplant recipient is no different to a standard technique in a healthy adult, but additional challenges are posed by the underlying pathology necessitating transplantation, function of the transplanted organ, physiological and pharmacological problems of allograft denervation, side-effects of immunosuppression, risk of infection and potential for rejection. This narrative review summarises optimal anaesthetic management in transplant recipients undergoing cataract surgery.
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Patel, Rutveej, Justin Dubin, Ephrem O. Olweny, Sammy E. Elsamra, and Robert E. Weiss. "Use of Fluoroscopy and Potential Long-Term Radiation Effects on Cataract Formation." Journal of Endourology 31, no. 9 (2017): 825–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/end.2016.0454.
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Liu, Yin-Tzu, Tzu-Yao Hung, Yi-Kung Lee, Ming-Yuan Huang, Chen-Yang Hsu, and Yung-Cheng Su. "Association between Chronic Kidney Disease and Risk of Cataract: A Nationwide Retrospective Cohort Study." American Journal of Nephrology 45, no. 6 (2017): 524–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000475555.
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Background: Previous studies have established a relationship between chronic kidney disease (CKD) and cataract, but the relationship between the severity of renal impairment and risk of cataract is uncertain. This study investigates the relationship between the severity of renal disease and cataract in a nationwide sample from Taiwan. Methods: The cohort from 1-million National Health Insurance beneficiaries from Taiwan was retrospectively analyzed. All adult beneficiaries were followed from January 1, 2005 until December 31, 2013, to identify patients who underwent cataract surgeries. On the basis of the ambulatory care records, those diagnosed with CKD (ICD-9-CM code: 585) during the follow-up period were enrolled as CKD patients after careful evaluation. Each patient with CKD was age- and gender-matched with 4 individuals who did not have CKD. Cox regression models were applied to compare the hazard of cataract surgery in individuals with and without CKD. Subgroup analysis was used to compare patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) with age- and gender-matched non-CKD individuals. ESRD was defined by CKD patients who need regular renal replacement therapy. The same method was applied to evaluate hazard ratios (HRs). Results: After age and gender matching, there were 11,881 patients in the CKD group and 47,524 in the non-CKD group. After control for possible confounding, the adjusted HR (aHR) of cataract was 1.84 (95% CI 1.73-1.95) for the CKD group. Subgroup analysis of patients with ESRD (n = 3,209) and non-CKD individuals (n = 12,836), with matching done on the basis of age and gender, indicated an aHR of cataract was 2.33 (95% CI 2.10-2.59) for the ESRD group. Conclusions: This study indicates a relationship between CKD and cataract, and suggests that the risk for cataract increases with the severity of renal impairment.
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Zuo, Lei, Haidong Zou, Xinfeng Fei, Weiqi Xu, and Jianhong Zhang. "The Impact of Unilateral or Bilateral Cataract Surgery on Visual Acuity and Life Quality of Elderly Patients." Journal of Ophthalmology 2015 (2015): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/509049.
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In the current study, the CLVQOL was used to assess VRQOL before unilateral or bilateral cataract surgery and at the end of the follow-up period in order to determine the greater beneficial mode of surgery for patients, if one of the two surgical methods is more beneficial over the other. The patients were classified as receiving unilateral (group A) and bilateral cataract surgery (group B). There were no significant differences between groups A and B before the operation in terms of life quality scores, binocular weighted average LogMAR BCVA, age, educational level, gender, systematic and ocular comorbidities, and the complications of the operation. It was shown that visual acuity improved more significantly with bilateral cataract surgery than with unilateral surgery in elderly patients with a high preoperative disease burden in Shanghai city. However, the improvement in life quality was not different in patients receiving either bilateral or unilateral cataract surgery.
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Kikuchi, Kasumi, Miyuki Murata, Kousuke Noda, et al. "Diabetic Cataract in Spontaneously Diabetic Torii Fatty Rats." Journal of Diabetes Research 2020 (August 3, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3058547.
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Spontaneously Diabetic Torii (SDT) fatty rat is a novel animal model of type 2 diabetes with obesity. SDT fatty rats develop hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and other diabetic complications including ocular disorders; however, diabetic cataract formation in SDT fatty rats has not been fully investigated. The aim of the current study was to investigate the characteristics of cataract in the SDT fatty rats. The mean body weight of SDT fatty rats is larger than that of age-matched Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats and control animals until 8 weeks of age, and thereafter the growing speed decreased until the end of observation at 16 weeks of age. Blood glucose levels in SDT fatty rats were significantly higher than those in SD rats throughout the observational period. Slit-lamp examination revealed that no rats showed cataract formation at 5 weeks of age; however, SDT fatty rats gradually developed cortical cataract and posterior subcapsular cataract, both of which are the common types of cataract in patients with type 2 diabetes. The levels of glucose, sorbitol, and fructose were higher in the lens tissues of SDT fatty rats in comparison with that of SD rats. Furthermore, the level of 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) was higher in the lens of SDT fatty rats than in that of SD rats. By contrast, total glutathione (GSH) concentration was lower in the lens of SDT fatty rats than in that of SD rats. The present study demonstrated that the cataractogenesis in SDT fatty rats resembled human diabetic cataract formation, indicating that SDT fatty rats serve as a potential animal model in researches on human cataract associated with type 2 diabetes and obesity.
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Srirampur, Arjun, Gangaprasad Amula, and Anupama Kalwad. "Repeat desmetopexy for large Descemet’s membrane detachment after phacoemulsification." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 5, no. 8 (2017): 3755. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20173602.
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Descemet membrane detachment (DMD) is a potentially vision-threatening complication of cataract surgery. The incidence of DMD has been reported from 0% to 5% during phacoemulsification surgery1of it 0.5% are large and involve the central cornea. Descemetopexy is now accepted as the standard of care for the management of post–cataract surgery Descemet membrane detachment. The success rates with intracameral injections have been reported to be 90-95%. We report a case of a patient who underwent repeat descemetopexy with perflouropropane after failed initial descemetopexy with air for post cataract surgery Descemet membrane detachment. The patient had good visual acuity and clear cornea with Descemet’s membrane well attached at the end of 2 months follow-up.
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Patel, Milap R., and Patel Bg. "ANTI-CATARACT ACTIVITY OF GARCINIA INDICA AGAINST NAPHTHALENE-INDUCED CATARACT IN RATS." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 11, no. 6 (2018): 208. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11i6.24913.
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Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the anti-cataract activity of the aqueous extract of Garcinia indica (AGI) fruit rinds on naphthalene-induced cataract using rats.Methods: Anti-cataract activity of AGI was evaluated using naphthalene model. Rats were divided into five groups (n=6 in each). Naphthalene solution was prepared by dissolving naphthalene in warm corn oil and administered at the dose of 0.5 g/kg/day p.o. for first 3 days and 1 g/kg/day p.o. thereafter for the induction of cataract. Group I normal control received corn oil 5 ml/kg/day. Group II cataract control received naphthalene solution. Group III received Vitamin E 50 mg/kg/day p.o., and Groups IV and V received AGI 200 mg/kg/day p.o and 400 mg/kg/day p.o., respectively, along with the naphthalene solution for 28 days. At the end of the treatment, levels of malondialdehyde, lipid hydroperoxides (LH), carbonyl and sulfhydryl content, and enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants in lens homogenate were measured.Results: Administration of naphthalene produced a mature cataract and an increase in the opacity index. A significant increase in LH and protein carbonyl content while decrease in protein SH content and antioxidant enzymes was found in naphthalene control group as compared to normal control group. Simultaneous administration of AGI and naphthalene delayed the onset and maturation of cataract.Conclusion: The present investigation suggests that AGI protected the lens against naphthalene-induced oxidative damage which might be responsible for delaying the progression of cataract.
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Raj, Rajnish, Anuradha Raj, and Rohit Garg. "Antidepressants-a possibly risk factor for cataract development: a cross-sectional study." International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology 6, no. 5 (2017): 1095. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20171657.
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Background: Few studies have reported the role of antidepressants as cataractogenic in humans.Methods: It’s a hospital based descriptive, cross-sectional study. 45 Patients were screened for antidepressant use and diminution of vision, 6 were dropped out. 39 patients with 78 eyes were finally enrolled. They were divided into two goups i.e., Group-I, with cataract (N=53) and Group-II, without cataract (N=25). Three clusters of antidepressants were assessed e.g., SSRI, SNRI and TCA with therapeutic dose (TD) and non-therapeutic dose (NTD) range. Psychiatric illness was diagnosed on DSM-5 and severity of depression on HAM-D. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was converted from Snellen units to logarithm of minimal angle of resolution (log MAR) for statistical analysis. Cataract changes in eyes were seen on slit-lamp and classified on Lens opacities classification system-III (LOCS-III) criteria.Results: A total 78 eyes of thirty-nine (39) patients were evaluated. Thirty (38.46%) and forty-eight (61.53%) eyes belonged to males and females, respectively. Mean age of males (n=7) was 41.8±2.3 years and females (n=32) 40.2±1.0 years. In Group-I, out of (N=53) eyes that developed cataract 33 were females (62.26%) as compared to males 20 (37.7%). Group -II, out of (N=25) eyes, females without cataract were 15 (60%) as compared to males 10 (40%). Therapeutic dose (TD) of antidepressants (AD) in Group-I had more cataract 37 (69.81%) as compared to non-therapeutic dose (NTD) 16 (30.1%). Most of the eyes with cataract 35 (66.03%) had AD exposure of more than 1 year that was possibly associated with increased risk of cataract development (OR 2.10; 95% CI, 0.79-5.55). Amongst users of antidepressants, SSRI was associated with increased risk of cataract development (OR 2.4; 95% CI, 0.72–7.94) with a female preponderance (OR 1.1; 95% CI, 0.41–2.91). Maximum number of eyes 34 (64.15%) that developed cataract had BCVA of ≥6/12 and minimum of 2 (3.77%) eyes had BCVA of ≤6/36. LOCS-III revealed 38 (71.69%) eyes (71.69%) having peripheral cortical cataract and 15 (28.30%) posterior sub-capsular cataract.Conclusions: There is a possible risk of association of cataract amongst user of antidepressants. The AD use of more than 1 year or longer had increased risk for development of cataract with a female preponderance. The highest risk was observed in the users of SSRI as compared to SNRI and TCA. Treatment exposure with antidepressant was longer for mild depression having more than two episodes.
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Gurung, Rajya Laxmi, Srijana Adhikari, Ujjowala Devi Shrestha, and Sanduk Ruit. "Outcome of Paediatric Cataract Surgery at Tilganga Institute of Ophthalmology, Nepal." Birat Journal of Health Sciences 3, no. 1 (2018): 331–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/bjhs.v3i1.19730.
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Introduction: Paediatric cataract and aphakia are still a major cause of childhood blindness in developing world due to lack of advanced technology. In developing countries like Nepal, many children still present late due to lack of awareness and financial constraints.Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine the outcome of paediatric cataract surgery in a tertiary eye care centre in Nepal.Methodology: A hospital based prospective, observational study taking 42 patients (77 eyes) aged ≦15 years diagnosed with paediatric cataract were enrolled during a period of 1 year ( Jan 2011 - Jan 2012) at Tilganga Institute of Ophthalmology, Kathmandu, Nepal. The patients underwent either: a) Lens aspiration + Primary posterior capsulotomy (PPC) + Anterior Vitrectomy; b) Lens aspiration + PPC+ Anterior Vitrectomy + Intra-ocular lens (IOL); c) Lens Aspiration + IOL. Post-operatively optical ± amblyopia correction. Statistical analysis was carried out by using STATA 9.0. The association of changes in the vision of eyes before and after surgery was analyzed by using generalization of McNemar's test (Stuart-Maxwell test). A pvalue of < 0.05 was considered for the statistical significance. Institutional Ethics Board approval was obtained from the institutional review committee (IRC) of National Academy Medical Sciences ( NAMS ).Results: Mean age of patients was 4.46 yrs ± 4.32(SD), range from (15 days -12 yrs); Male : Female: 22 (52%)/20 (48%); 35 (83%) patients had bilateral cataract and 7(17%) had unilateral cataract. Morphologically, the most common type of cataract was total cataract (27/32%). Post-operatively, a statistically significant improvement in vision was there in all the eyes ( p value : < 0.0001) . Visual axis opacification was the most common post- operative complication seen in 20(26% ) of total eyes by the end of 6 months.Conclusion: Good visual outcome in paediatric cataract surgery can be obtained in developing countries like Nepal with minimal intra and post-op complications. BJHS 2018;3(1)5 : 331-337
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BHATTI, ABDUL HAMEED. "CATARACT SURGERY;." Professional Medical Journal 15, no. 01 (2008): 114–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2008.15.01.2707.
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Objective: To compare the effects of spontaneous versus controlled ventilation on IntraocularPressure (IOP) with concomitant haemodynamic changes during cataract extraction and intraocular (IOL) implantsurgery under anaesthesia. Design: Comparative study. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted atdepartment of Anesthesiology Combined Military Hospital Jhelum Cantt from Jan 2005 to Oct 2005. Subjects andMethods: 40 ASA I and II patients of both sexes aged 40-68 years, undergoing surgical cataract extraction werestudies. In 20 patients ventilation was controlled while the other 20 patients breathed spontaneously during surgery.IOP was measured preoperatively in non-operated eye.Results: Intraocular pressure (IOP) decreased below the baseline after induction of anaesthesia but it markedly increased after intubation in both group. During operation IOPdecreased more in controlled ventilation group than spontaneous ventilation group. At the end of surgery beforeextubation, IOP increased in both groups with a greater rise in spontaneous ventilation group and extubation wasfollowed by a further rise in IOP in both groups. Heart rate (HR) and arterial blood pressure (BP) changes followedalmost the same pattern as IOP. Conclusion: General anaesthetics decrease IOP in general. Laryngoscopy andintubation are anaesthesia-related events, which cause rise in IOP. In appropriate patients, general anaesthesia withcontrolled ventilation is an acceptable technique for intraocular surgery offering advantages in terms of intraocularpressure and cardiovascular stability compared to spontaneous ventilation.
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Kleiman, N. J. "Radiation cataract." Annals of the ICRP 41, no. 3-4 (2012): 80–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.icrp.2012.06.018.
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Until very recently, ocular exposure guidelines were based on the assumption that radiation cataract is a deterministic event requiring threshold doses generally greater than 2 Gy. This view was, in part, based on older studies which generally had short follow-up periods, failed to take into account increasing latency as dose decreased, had relatively few subjects with doses below a few Gy, and were not designed to detect early lens changes. Newer findings, including those in populations exposed to much lower radiation doses and in subjects as diverse as astronauts, medical workers, atomic bomb survivors, accidentally exposed individuals, and those undergoing diagnostic or radiotherapeutic procedures, strongly suggest dose-related lens opacification at significantly lower doses. These observations resulted in a recent re-evaluation of current lens occupational exposure guidelines, and a proposed lowering of the presumptive radiation cataract threshold to 0.5 Gy/year and the occupational lens exposure limit to 20 mSv/year, regardless of whether received as an acute, protracted, or chronic exposure. Experimental animal studies support these conclusions and suggest a role for genotoxicity in the development of radiation cataract. Recent findings of a low or even zero threshold for radiation-induced lens opacification are likely to influence current research efforts and directions concerning the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying this pathology. Furthermore, new guidelines are likely to have significant implications for occupational and/or accidental exposure, and the need for occupational eye protection (e.g. in fields such as interventional medicine).
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Priya, Aanchal, Sunil Kumar, and Seema Singh. "Immediate Sequential Bilateral Cataract Surgery in Covid-19 Pandemic - A Prospective Study in a Tertiary Eye Care Centre of Eastern India." Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare 8, no. 30 (2021): 2691–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.18410/jebmh/2021/495.
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BACKGROUND Immediate sequential bilateral cataract surgery (ISBCS) is the procedure in which both eyes are simultaneously operated in a single hospital visit. The onset of corona virus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic has raised the interest among ophthalmic surgeon in considering immediate sequential bilateral cataract surgery to reduce hospital visit of patients. This study was done to assess the intraoperative and post-operative complications and average number of hospital visits required after performing immediate sequential bilateral cataract surgery in COVID-19 pandemic. Also, the post-operative visual outcomes were evaluated. METHODS Patients with visually significant bilateral cataract with best corrected visual acuity ≤ 6/18 in better eye, axial length within range of 21 - 25 mm and age >18 years with no ocular and systemic co-morbidity were included in the study. All patients underwent immediate sequential bilateral cataract surgery from July 2020 to September 2020. Strict intraoperative protocols were followed in all cases. Intracameral injection of 0.1 ml moxifloxacin 0.5 % (vigamox / Novartis health care Pvt Ltd. Texas, USA) was given at the end of surgery in all cases. Intraoperative and post-operative complications, visual and refractive outcomes were analysed. RESULTS Sixty-four eyes of 32 patients with mean age 55 ± 2.82 years (range: 48 - 71 years) were included in the study. The mean pre-operative best corrected visual acuity was 0.64 ± 0.08 logarithm of minimum angle of resolution which improved significantly to 0.03 ± 0.03 at the end of second follow up on day 14 (P < 0.0001). The mean post-operative spherical equivalent was -0.22 ± 0.48 D. The target refraction within ± 0.50 D was achieved in 56 eyes (87.50 %) and within ± 1.0 D in all eyes. No vision threatening complications such as endophthalmitis, cystoid macular oedema, retinal detachment or corneal decompensation occurred in any of eyes. Total hospital visits were reduced to four per patients for both eye surgeries. CONCLUSIONS Immediate sequential bilateral cataract surgery may be considered as preferred practice in selected cases to reduce the risk of cross infection of COVID-19 by short hospitalization and less follow up visits. KEYWORDS Bilateral Cataract Surgery, COVID-19, Endophthalmitis
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Castano-Santa, J., X. Santiveri, J. Castillo, and F. Escolano. "Preoperative ECG alterations in cataracts patients." European Journal of Anaesthesiology 21, Supplement 32 (2004): 12–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003643-200406002-00047.
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Rozegnał-Madej, Agnieszka, Aleksandra Wlaź, and Tomasz Żarnowski. "Limbal Approach Phacovitrectomy to Treat Cataract with Clinically Significant Asteroid Hyalosis—Presentation of the Technique and Preliminary Results." Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 15 (2021): 3338. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10153338.
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Purpose: To assess preliminarily the efficacy and safety of a relatively new surgical modification of phacovitrectomy in eyes with cataract and visually significant asteroid hyalosis (AH). Materials and methods: Prospective, noncomparative, interventional case series of six eyes of six patients (mean age 75.6 years; 1 woman, 5 men) with cataract and visually significant AH treated with a novel surgical technique—a phacoemulsification with anterior vitrectomy through posterior capsulorhexis and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. Main outcome measures were: best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure (IOP), IOL centration, complications. Mean follow-up was 39.17 ± 4.31 months. Results: The mean BCVA (Snellen) improved from 0.26 ± 0.18 to 0.73 ± 0.33 at the end of the follow-up. IOP was in the normal range, and no problems with IOL fixation were observed at the end of the follow-up. No post-operative complications, retinal detachment, retinal tears, macular edema or prolonged inflammation were observed. Conclusions: The presented new surgical technique seems to be a safe and efficacious method to treat cataract with visually significant asteroid hyalosis.
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Suresha, Bharathinagar S., Avinash P. Sattur, and Krishnapura Srinivasan. "Beneficial influence of fungal metabolite nigerloxin on eye lens abnormalities in experimental diabetes." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 90, no. 4 (2012): 387–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y11-135.
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Osmotic and oxidative stress have been implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic cataract. Nigerloxin, a fungal metabolite, has been shown to possess aldose reductase inhibitory and free radical scavenging potential, in vitro. In the present study, the beneficial influence of nigerloxin was investigated on diabetes-induced alteration in the eye lens of rats treated with streptozotocin. Groups of diabetic rats were administered nigerloxin orally (100 mg·(kg body mass)–1·day–1) for 30 days. The activity of lens polyol pathway enzymes (aldose reductase and sorbitol dehydrogenase), lipid peroxides, and advanced glycation end products (AGEs) were increased in the diabetic animals. Levels of glutathione as well as the activity of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, glutathione-S-transferase, and glutathione peroxidase) were decreased in the eye lens of the diabetic animals. The administration of nigerloxin significantly decreased levels of lipid peroxides and AGEs in the lens of the diabetic rats. Increase in the activity of aldose reductase and sorbitol dehydrogenase in the lens was countered by nigerloxin treatment. The activity of glutathione and antioxidant enzyme in the lens was significantly elevated in nigerloxin-treated diabetic rats. Examination of the treated rats’ eyes indicated that nigerloxin delayed cataractogenesis in the diabetic rats. The results suggest the beneficial countering of polyol pathway enzymes and potentiation of the antioxidant defense system by nigerloxin in diabetic animals, implicating its potential in ameliorating cataracts in diabetics.
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Favor, Jack. "Risk estimation based on germ-cell mutations in animals." Genome 31, no. 2 (1989): 844–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g89-149.
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The set of mouse germ cell mutation rate results following spermatogonial exposure to high dose rate irradiation have been presented as the most relevant experimental results upon which to extrapolate the expected genetic risk of offspring of the survivors of the Hiroshima and Nagasaki atomic bombings. Results include mutation rates to recessive specific-locus, dominant cataract, protein-charge, and enzyme-activity alleles. The mutability as determined by the various genetic end points differed: the mutation rates to recessive specific-locus alleles and enzyme-activity alleles were similar and greater than the mutation rates to dominant cataract and protein-charge alleles. It is argued that the type of mutation event scored by a particular test will determine the mutability of the genetic end point screened. When the loss of functional gene product can be scored in a particular mutation test, as in the recessive specific-locus and enzyme-activity tests, a wide spectrum of DNA alterations may result in a loss and a higher mutation rate is observed. When an altered gene product is scored, as in the dominant cataract and protein-charge tests, a narrower spectrum of DNA alterations is screened and a lower mutation rate is observed. The radiation doubling dose, defined as the dose that induces as many mutations as occur spontaneously per generation, was shown to be four times higher in the dominant cataract test than the specific-locus test. These results indicate that to extrapolate to genetic risks in humans using the doubling-dose method, the extrapolation must be based on experimental mutation rate results for the same genetic end point. Alternatively, the extrapolation could employ the direct-approach procedures. Finally, a direct comparison of the irradiation-induced mutation rate to enzyme-activity alleles in mouse and man indicates no species differences.Key words: ethylnitrosourea, irradiation, mammalian mutagenesis, mouse, dominant cataract mutations, specific-locus mutations, protein-charge mutations, enzyme-activity mutations, doubling dose, human genetic risk.
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Liu, Fei, Ying Ma, and Yanli Xu. "Taxifolin Shows Anticataractogenesis and Attenuates Diabetic Retinopathy in STZ-Diabetic Rats via Suppression of Aldose Reductase, Oxidative Stress, and MAPK Signaling Pathway." Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets 20, no. 4 (2020): 599–608. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1871530319666191018122821.
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Background: Due to the increased prevalence of diabetes-associated complications of the eye like diabetic retinopathy and cataract, the need for a novel therapeutic agent is urgent. Due to the advantages that the polyphenolic compounds enjoy in diabetes and associated complications, we postulated that Taxifolin (TXF), a poly-phenolic flavanol, could show anti-retinopathic and anti-cataract effect in diabetes-induced rats. Methods: TXF at a dose of 10, 25, and 50 mg/kg was given by oral route to STZ mediated diabetic rats for a time period of 10 weeks. The opacity of lens was studied after every 7 days of treatment till 10 weeks; evaluation of the severity of cataract and changes in the histology of lens as well as retina was done. Tissue homogenates of lens isolated after the end of the study were evaluated for markers of oxidative stress, levels of aldose reductase, p38MAPK, VEGF, and ERK1/2. Results: Outcomes suggested that TXF improved retinopathy and cataract in diabetes-induced rats. The treatment of TXF also improved the status of oxidative stress and inhibited the levels of p38MAPK, VEGF, and ERK1/2. The treatment also improved the lens opacity in diabetic rats. The results suggest that the protective effect of TXF against cataract and retinopathy may be due to the anti-oxidative potential of TXF and its inhibiting effect on VEGF, ERK1/2, p38MAPK, and aldose reductase. Conclusion: The study confirms that TXF is a potential candidate showing a protective effect against diabetic induced retinopathy and cataract..
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Abdelghany, Ahmed A., Moataz A. Sallam, and Abdallah A. Ellabban. "Assessment of Ganglion Cell Complex and Peripapillary Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Changes following Cataract Surgery in Patients with Pseudoexfoliation Glaucoma." Journal of Ophthalmology 2019 (September 8, 2019): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/8162825.
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Purpose. To assess eye pressure, ganglion cell complex, and retinal nerve fiber layer changes following cataract surgery in patients with pseudoexfoliation glaucoma. Methods. Eighty-five patients with pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PEXG) were included in the study. They were divided into two groups; the first group included patients with PEXG and cataract who underwent phacoemulsification (pseudophakic group; n = 40 eyes). The second group included patients with PEXG without cataract (control group; n = 45 eyes). Both groups were on antiglaucoma treatment. IOP changes after surgery and the ganglion cell complex (GCC) and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) thicknesses were evaluated in patients underwent cataract extraction surgery compared to controls that did not have cataract, nor underwent surgery. Both groups were followed up postoperatively for 18 months. Results. There was no difference in the mean age and glaucoma stage in both groups (P=0.242 and 0.70, respectively). In the pseudophakic group, the mean IOP significantly dropped from 20.43 ± 0.90 to 17.00 ± 2.75 mmHg at the end of the follow-up period (P≤0.001). Slight decrease (≈3 μm) was recorded in the mean GCC thickness of the pseudophakic patients from the baseline at the end of the follow-up period. This decrease was lower than that of the controls (≈5 μm). No significant pRNFL changes were recorded all over the postoperative visits (88.78 ± 22.55 μm at 3 months, 88.67 ± 23.14 μm at 6 months, 87.62 ± 23.04 μm at 12 months, and 87.32 ± 22.61 μm at 18 months) as compared to preoperative value (90.28 ± 22.31 μm) with P=0.335, 0.387, 0.158, and 0.110, respectively, or controls (89.69 ± 21.76 μm, 88.73 ± 21.08 μm, 87.33 ± 20.67 μm, and 87.23 ± 20.54 μm with P=0.850, 0.990, 0.951, and 0.984). Conclusion. Phacoemulsification and IOL implantation may aid in managing pseudoexfoliation glaucoma by lowering IOP and slowing the rate of GCC and pRNFL losses over a short-term period.
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Rahman, Md Zahidur, Zulfikar Hasan, MA Aleem, and Nasima Begum. "Effects of Cataract Surgery on Lacrimal Drainage System." Journal of Armed Forces Medical College, Bangladesh 10, no. 2 (2015): 80–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jafmc.v10i2.25929.
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Introduction: Complaining of tearing was found in some of the patients after cataract surgery (both Phacoemulsification and Small Incision Cataract Surgery) for age related cataract, among male and female patients with an increased incidence among female and more elderly patients. Secondary acquired lacrimal drainage obstruction has been proposed to develop due to different causes like infections and inflammation of the lacrimal drainage system. Watering eyes are observed after cataract surgery may be due to surgical trauma, inflammation of the anterior segment of the operated eye, frequent use of topical medications during the post operative periods and less forceful blinking by the patients in early postoperative days.Objective: To determine the effects of cataract surgery (both Phacoemulsification and Small Incision Cataract Surgery) on lacrimal drainage system in eyes with age related cataract.Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 100 eyes of 100 patients with age related cataract. Among the patients, 64 were male and 36 were female. All the patients were Armed Forces personnels (both serving, retired and civilians) and their parents. The average age of the patients were 61.6±8.92 years ranging from 51 to 80 years. According to age, the patients were divided in three age-group (51-60 years; 61-70 years; 71-80 years). The patients were equally divided in two groups. In group-I(n=50), patients were done Phacoemulsification and posterior chamber intraocular lens (PCIOL) implantation and in group-II(n=50), patients were done Small Incision Cataract Surgery (SICS) and PCIOL implantation in one eye. All the patients were operated under peribulbar anesthesia. Included patients had Fluorescein Disappearance Test (FDT) and Taste test duration of ?5.7 minutes in both eyes before operation. Tear drainage function tests were repeated for one week and one month after surgery in both eyes and obtained data were compared.Results: The incidence of watering eyes after phacoemulsification surgery in eyes treated for age related cataract was 17% at the end of first week and 09% after one month. The mean taste test duration time was 3.83±0.76 minutes before surgery, 5.33±2.45 minutes after a week and 4.27±1.53 minutes one month after surgery. After SICS the incidence of lacrimal drainage impairment was 19% at the end of first week and 12% after one month. The mean Taste test duration time was 3.83±0.76 minutes before surgery, 5.62±2.84 minutes after a week and 4.36±1.85 minutes one month after surgery. However, more number of elderly patients developed watering eyes than the lower age group. Among the patients, from 71-80 years age group, 05 patients (19.23%) developed watering eyes. There was slight difference between male and female in complaining of tearing after operation. Out of 64 male, 11 patients (approximately 17.18%) were observed watering eyes in first week follow up. Among 36 female, 07 patients (approximately 19.44%) complained of watering in first week follow up. No difference of watering was observed in respect of socio-economic conditions. No post operation complains of watering eyes was observed in the sound eyes (non-operated) of the patients.Conclusion: Watering eyes may develop cataract surgery (both Phacoemulsification and SICS) in eyes with age related cataract, among male and female patients with an increased incidence among female and more elderly patients.Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.10(2) 2014
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Rakočević-Stojanović, V., S. Perić, J. Pešović, et al. "Genetic testing of individuals with pre-senile cataract identifies patients with myotonic dystrophy type 2." European Journal of Neurology 24, no. 11 (2017): e79-e80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ene.13401.
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Zakirkhodzhayeva, Diloram Asrarovna. "Efficacy of surgical treatment of traumatic cataract with simultaneous intraocular lens implantation in children." Pediatrician (St. Petersburg) 4, no. 1 (2013): 37–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/ped4137-40.
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Background: eye injury is often accompanied by lens damage. Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of surgical treatment of traumatic cataract with simultaneous IOL implantation in children. Material and methods: The results of surgical treatment of traumatic cataract with simultaneous IOL implantation in 62 children were analyzed: in 48 boys (77.4%) and 14 girls (22.6%) with a mean age 8.1 years. Results: visual acuity after surgery gradually increased from 0.09 to 0.22 by the end of the first month, 0.43 in 6 months and 0.47 in one year of follow-up. In 85.5% of the operated children visual acuity in the late post-op period was accounted 0.3–1.0, and in 82.2% of cases binocular vision was recovered. In the early postoperative period following complications were observed: exudative iridocyclitis — 16.1%; deposits of fibrin in the pupil — 8%; pigment deposits on surface of the IOL — 19%; secondary cataract — 12%; IOL or its haptics dislocation — 3% cases. Conclusions: Early IOL implantation during traumatic cataract surgery in children is suitable. Use of viscoelastics allows minimizing the severity of postoperative inflammation and reducing a risk of complications. Intraocular injection of Gemasa during surgery is effective to resolve hyphema, intraocular hemorrhages and fibrinoid exudate.