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Journal articles on the topic 'Catastrophic inversion'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Campbell, Scott B., Todd Larson, Niels M. B. Smeets, Ula El-Jaby, and Timothy F. L. McKenna. "Miniemulsification by catastrophic phase inversion." Chemical Engineering Journal 183 (February 2012): 534–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2011.12.092.

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2

Malhotra, Varun, Rajinder Pal, and Saeed Alhassan. "Catastrophic Phase Inversion of Emulsions Stabilized by Amphiphilic Nanoparticles." Journal of Nanofluids 7, no. 1 (February 1, 2018): 30–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jon.2018.1440.

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3

Lv, Guojun, Fumin Wang, Wangfeng Cai, and Xubin Zhang. "Characterization of the emulsions formed by catastrophic phase inversion." Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 450 (May 2014): 141–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2014.03.023.

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4

Bouchama, F., G. A. van Aken, A. J. E. Autin, and G. J. M. Koper. "On the mechanism of catastrophic phase inversion in emulsions." Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 231, no. 1-3 (December 2003): 11–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2003.08.011.

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5

Sajjadi, Shahriar, Fatemeh Jahanzad, and Michael Yianneskis. "Catastrophic phase inversion of abnormal emulsions in the vicinity of the locus of transitional inversion." Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 240, no. 1-3 (June 2004): 149–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2004.03.012.

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6

Zang, Duyang, and Paul S. Clegg. "Relationship between high internal-phase Pickering emulsions and catastrophic inversion." Soft Matter 9, no. 29 (2013): 7042. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3sm00133d.

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7

Nienow, A. W. "Break-up, coalescence and catastrophic phase inversion in turbulent contactors." Advances in Colloid and Interface Science 108-109 (May 2004): 95–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cis.2003.10.020.

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8

Thakur, Rajeev K., C. Villette, J. M. Aubry, and G. Delaplace. "Dynamic emulsification and catastrophic phase inversion of lecithin-based emulsions." Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 315, no. 1-3 (February 2008): 285–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2007.08.017.

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9

Bains, Upinder, and Rajinder Pal. "Rheology and Catastrophic Phase Inversion of Emulsions in the Presence of Starch Nanoparticles." ChemEngineering 4, no. 4 (October 19, 2020): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemengineering4040057.

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Emulsions stabilized by solid nanoparticles, referred to as Pickering emulsions, are becoming increasingly important in applications as they are free of surfactants. However, the bulk properties and stability of Pickering emulsions are far from being well understood. In this work, the rheological behavior and catastrophic phase inversion of emulsions in the presence of starch nanoparticles were studied using in-situ measurements of viscosity and electrical conductivity. The aqueous phase consisting of starch nanoparticles was added sequentially in increments of 5% vol. to the oil phase under agitation condition to prepare the emulsions. The emulsions were water-in-oil (W/O) type at low to moderate concentrations of aqueous phase. At a certain critical volume fraction of aqueous phase, catastrophic phase inversion of W/O emulsion to oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion took place accompanied a sharp jump in the electrical conductivity and a sharp drop in the emulsion viscosity. The W/O emulsions were nearly Newtonian at low concentrations of aqueous phase. At high concentrations of aqueous phase, prior to phase inversion, the W/O emulsions exhibited a shear-thickening behavior. The O/W emulsions produced after phase inversion were shear-thinning in nature. The comparison of the experimental viscosity data with the predictions of emulsion viscosity model revealed only partial coverage of droplet surfaces with nanoparticles. With the increase in the concentration of starch nanoparticles (SNPs) in the aqueous phase of the emulsions, the phase inversion of W/O emulsion to O/W emulsion was delayed to higher volume fraction of aqueous phase. Thus SNPs imparted some stability to W/O emulsions against coalescence and phase inversion.

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10

Dunstan, Timothy S., Paul D. I. Fletcher, and Saeed Mashinchi. "High Internal Phase Emulsions: Catastrophic Phase Inversion, Stability, and Triggered Destabilization." Langmuir 28, no. 1 (December 19, 2011): 339–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la204104m.

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11

Vaessen, G. E. J., M. Visschers, and H. N. Stein. "Predicting Catastrophic Phase Inversion on the Basis of Droplet Coalescence Kinetics." Langmuir 12, no. 4 (January 1996): 875–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la950379g.

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12

Brooks, B. W., and H. N. Richmond. "Phase inversion in non-ionic surfactant—oil—water systems—III. The effect of the oil-phase viscosity on catastrophic inversion and the relationship between the drop sizes present before and after catastrophic inversion." Chemical Engineering Science 49, no. 11 (June 1994): 1843–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0009-2509(94)80069-3.

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13

Binks, B. P., and S. O. Lumsdon. "Catastrophic Phase Inversion of Water-in-Oil Emulsions Stabilized by Hydrophobic Silica." Langmuir 16, no. 6 (March 2000): 2539–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la991081j.

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14

Pal, Rajinder, and Varun Malhotra. "Influence of Hybrid Nanoparticle-Surfactant Stabilizers on Catastrophic Phase Inversion of Emulsions." Journal of Nanofluids 7, no. 2 (April 1, 2018): 300–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jon.2018.1446.

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15

Pierlot, Christel, Jesus F. Ontiveros, Maxime Royer, Marianne Catté, and Jean-Louis Salager. "Emulsification of viscous alkyd resin by catastrophic phase inversion with nonionic surfactant." Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 536 (January 2018): 113–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2017.07.030.

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16

Liu, Yihan, Erika L. Carter, Glenn V. Gordon, Qian J. Feng, and Stig E. Friberg. "An investigation into the relationship between catastrophic inversion and emulsion phase behaviors." Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 399 (April 2012): 25–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2012.02.019.

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17

Saw, L. K., B. W. Brooks, K. J. Carpenter, and D. V. Keight. "Catastrophic phase inversion in region II of an ionomeric polymer–water system." Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 279, no. 1 (November 2004): 235–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2004.06.056.

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18

Binks, Bernard P., and Andrew T. Tyowua. "Oil-in-oil emulsions stabilised solely by solid particles." Soft Matter 12, no. 3 (2016): 876–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5sm02438b.

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Relatively hydrophobic particles of different type, size and shape are shown to be effective stabilisers of emulsions containing immiscible oils of low dielectric constant. Transitional and catastrophic phase inversion can be effected and both simple and multiple emulsions are stable for a long period of time.

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19

Rondón-González, Marianna, Luis F. Madariaga, Véronique Sadtler, Lionel Choplin, and Jean-Louis Salager. "Emulsion Catastrophic Inversion from Abnormal to Normal Morphology. 8. Effect of Formulation on the Inversion Produced by Continuous Stirring." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 48, no. 6 (March 18, 2009): 2913–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie801225h.

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20

Mira, Isabel, Noelia Zambrano, Eric Tyrode, Laura Márquez, Alejandro A. Peña, Aldo Pizzino, and Jean-Louis Salager. "Emulsion Catastrophic Inversion from Abnormal to Normal Morphology. 2. Effect of the Stirring Intensity on the Dynamic Inversion Frontier." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 42, no. 1 (January 2003): 57–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie020535w.

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21

Brooks, B. W., and H. N. Richmond. "Phase inversion in non-ionic surfactant—oil—water systems—II. Drop size studies in catastrophic inversion with turbulent mixing." Chemical Engineering Science 49, no. 7 (April 1994): 1065–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0009-2509(94)80012-x.

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22

Ogunlaja, Sileola B., and Rajinder Pal. "Effects of Bentonite Nanoclay and Cetyltrimethyl Ammonium Bromide Modified Bentonite Nanoclay on Phase Inversion of Water-in-Oil Emulsions." Colloids and Interfaces 4, no. 1 (January 3, 2020): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/colloids4010002.

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The effects of unmodified and modified bentonite nanoclays (with various degrees of surfactant modification) on the catastrophic phase inversion from water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion to oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion were determined experimentally. The bentonite nanoclay (NC-Bt) was suspended in the aqueous phase, and the critical volume fraction of water where phase inversion from W/O to O/W emulsion took place was determined through conductivity measurements. Cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) was used as a surfactant to modify the nanoclay. The adsorption of CTAB onto nanoclay had a strong influence on the contact angle and the critical volume fraction of water where phase inversion took place. The modification of the nanoclay brought about by the adsorption of CTAB increased the three-phase contact angle (measured through the aqueous phase), thereby making it more hydrophobic, and prolonged the phase inversion point. CTAB alone and CTAB-modified nanoclay delayed the phase inversion process in a similar manner, showing a strong dependence on the CTAB concentration.

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23

Kralchevsky, P. A., I. B. Ivanov, K. P. Ananthapadmanabhan, and A. Lips. "On the Thermodynamics of Particle-Stabilized Emulsions: Curvature Effects and Catastrophic Phase Inversion." Langmuir 21, no. 1 (January 2005): 50–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la047793d.

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24

Tyrode, Eric, Isabel Mira, Noelia Zambrano, Laura Márquez, Marianna Rondón-Gonzalez, and Jean-Louis Salager. "Emulsion Catastrophic Inversion from Abnormal to Normal Morphology. 3. Conditions for Triggering the Dynamic Inversion and Application to Industrial Processes." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 42, no. 19 (September 2003): 4311–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie0300629.

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25

Paton, DM. "Genesis of an Inverted Treeline Associated With a Frost Hollow in South-Eastern Australia." Australian Journal of Botany 36, no. 6 (1988): 655. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt9880655.

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A catastrophic frost in the Bonang valley, Victoria (alt. 660 m), during Aug. 1982 caused severe damage to naturally occurring trees growing within a contour-related inversion layer. All eucalypts and acacias on the valley floor and up to 6 m above it on the lowest slopes were either killed outright or suffered complete crown loss. Between 6 and 25 m above the valley floor, tall Eucalyptus viminalis. trees escaped damage if their crowns were positioned well above the inversion layer. Neighbouring trees of the slightly shorter original codominant E. radiata were so severely damaged that they were either killed or survived crown destruction only by production of trunk epicormics. Despite being wholly positioned within the inversion layer, the shorter trees of E. pauciflora generally survived without much damage, although leaf injury continued to develop for several years in some trees. Results of the final assessment 5 yr after the frost indicate that the lowest surviving E. viminalis trees, together with severely damaged E. radiata. trees, now constitute an inverted treeline separating forest above from dead trees and grassland below. This treeline is related to the 666 m contour, 6 m above the valley floor, and forms a very abrupt boundary because of the predominance of large undamaged trees of E. viminalis. The consequences of this rare catastrophic frost have implications for subalpine ecology in south-eastern Australia, especially the genesis and stability of inverted treelines.

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26

Galindo-Alvarez, Johanna, Véronique Sadtler, Lionel Choplin, and Jean-Louis Salager. "Viscous Oil Emulsification by Catastrophic Phase Inversion: Influence of Oil Viscosity and Process Conditions." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 50, no. 9 (May 4, 2011): 5575–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie102224k.

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27

Züge, Luana Carolina Bosmuler, Charles Windson Isidoro Haminiuk, Giselle Maria Maciel, Joana Léa Meira Silveira, and Agnes de Paula Scheer. "Catastrophic inversion and rheological behavior in soy lecithin and Tween 80 based food emulsions." Journal of Food Engineering 116, no. 1 (May 2013): 72–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2012.12.008.

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28

Li, Yanan, Zijie Zhang, Qipeng Yuan, Hao Liang, and Frank Vriesekoop. "Process optimization and stability of d-limonene nanoemulsions prepared by catastrophic phase inversion method." Journal of Food Engineering 119, no. 3 (December 2013): 419–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2013.06.001.

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29

Rondón-González, Marianna, Luis F. Madariaga, Véronique Sadtler, Lionel Choplin, Laura Márquez, and Jean-Louis Salager. "Emulsion Catastrophic Inversion from Abnormal to Normal Morphology. 6. Effect of the Phase Viscosity on the Inversion Produced by Continuous Stirring." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 46, no. 11 (May 2007): 3595–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie070145f.

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30

Brandenbusch, C., L. Vahle, S. Glonke, and G. Sadowski. "Applied Catastrophic Phase Inversion (ACPI) - A Continuous Noncentrifugal Phase Separation in Biphasic Whole-Cell Biocatalysis." Chemie Ingenieur Technik 88, no. 9 (August 29, 2016): 1331–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cite.201650496.

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31

Panagopoulou, Elli, Erminda Tsouko, Nikolaos Kopsahelis, Apostolis Koutinas, Ioanna Mandala, and Vasiliki Evageliou. "Olive oil emulsions formed by catastrophic phase inversion using bacterial cellulose and whey protein isolate." Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 486 (December 2015): 203–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2015.09.056.

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32

Jahanzad, F., Gordon Crombie, Robert Innes, and Shahriar Sajjadi. "Catastrophic phase inversion via formation of multiple emulsions: A prerequisite for formation of fine emulsions." Chemical Engineering Research and Design 87, no. 4 (April 2009): 492–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cherd.2008.11.015.

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33

Fernandes Barros, Frederico Macedo, Christophe Chassenieux, Marli Miriam de Souza Lima, and Lazhar Benyahia. "Structure and rheology during catastrophic phase inversion of Pickering emulsions stabilized with fumed silica particles." Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 593 (May 2020): 124630. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.124630.

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34

Anisa, A. N. Ilia, Abdurahman H. Nour, and Azhary H. Nour. "Catastrophic and Transitional Phase Inversion of Water-in-Oil Emulsion for Heavy and Light Crude Oil." Journal of Applied Sciences 10, no. 23 (November 15, 2010): 3076–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/jas.2010.3076.3083.

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35

Glonke, Sebastian, Gabriele Sadowski, and Christoph Brandenbusch. "Applied catastrophic phase inversion: a continuous non-centrifugal phase separation step in biphasic whole-cell biocatalysis." Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology 43, no. 11 (September 20, 2016): 1527–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10295-016-1837-4.

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36

Arenas-Calderon, Edward, Véronique Sadtler, Philippe Marchal, Lionel Choplin, Frédéric Delfosse, and Michel Maze. "Preparation of highly concentrated bitumen emulsions by catastrophic phase inversion: Follow-up of the emulsification process." Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 458 (September 2014): 25–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2014.02.030.

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37

Roberts, L. A., F. Xie, and B. W. Brooks. "The production of small monomer drops in liquid–liquid dispersions by approaching a catastrophic phase inversion." Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 274, no. 1-3 (February 2006): 179–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2005.09.008.

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38

Zambrano, Noelia, Eric Tyrode, Isabel Mira, Laura Márquez, Maria-Patricia Rodríguez, and Jean-Louis Salager. "Emulsion Catastrophic Inversion from Abnormal to Normal Morphology. 1. Effect of the Water-to-Oil Ratio Rate of Change on the Dynamic Inversion Frontier." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 42, no. 1 (January 2003): 50–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie0205344.

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39

Tyrode, Eric, Joachim Allouche, Lionel Choplin, and Jean-Louis Salager. "Emulsion Catastrophic Inversion from Abnormal to Normal Morphology. 4. Following the Emulsion Viscosity during Three Inversion Protocols and Extending the Critical Dispersed-Phase Concept." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 44, no. 1 (January 2005): 67–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie049216q.

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40

Rondón-Gonzaléz, Marianna, Véronique Sadtler, Lionel Choplin, and Jean-Louis Salager. "Emulsion Catastrophic Inversion from Abnormal to Normal Morphology. 5. Effect of the Water-to-Oil Ratio and Surfactant Concentration on the Inversion Produced by Continuous Stirring." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 45, no. 9 (April 2006): 3074–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie060036l.

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41

Adena, Sandeep Kumar Reddy, Michele Herneisey, Eric Pierce, Paul R. Hartmeier, Suneera Adlakha, Marco A. I. Hosfeld, James K. Drennen, and Jelena M. Janjic. "Quality by Design Methodology Applied to Process Optimization and Scale up of Curcumin Nanoemulsions Produced by Catastrophic Phase Inversion." Pharmaceutics 13, no. 6 (June 15, 2021): 880. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13060880.

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In the presented study, we report development of a stable, scalable, and high-quality curcumin-loaded oil/water (o/w) nanoemulsion manufactured by concentration-mediated catastrophic phase inversion as a low energy nanoemulsification strategy. A design of experiments (DoE) was constructed to determine the effects of process parameters on the mechanical input required to facilitate the transition from the gel phase to the final o/w nanoemulsion and the long-term effects of the process parameters on product quality. A multiple linear regression (MLR) model was constructed to predict nanoemulsion diameter as a function of nanoemulsion processing parameters. The DoE and subsequent MLR model results showed that the manufacturing process with the lowest temperature (25 °C), highest titration rate (9 g/minute), and lowest stir rate (100 rpm) produced the highest quality nanoemulsion. Both scales of CUR-loaded nanoemulsions (100 g and 500 g) were comparable to the drug-free optimal formulation with 148.7 nm and 155.1 nm diameter, 0.22 and 0.25 PDI, and 96.29 ± 0.76% and 95.60 ± 0.88% drug loading for the 100 g and 500 g scales, respectively. Photostability assessments indicated modest loss of drug (<10%) upon UV exposure of 24 h, which is appropriate for intended transdermal applications, with expected reapplication of every 6–8 h.

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42

Catté, Marianne, Jesús F. Ontiveros, Kenji Aramaki, and Christel Pierlot. "Catastrophic Emulsion Inversion Process of Highly Viscous Isosorbide Biobased Polyester Monitoredin situ by Torque and Light Backscattering." Journal of Oleo Science 67, no. 8 (2018): 925–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5650/jos.ess18057.

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43

Yu, Dan, Xinghui Huang, and Zhengyuan Li. "Variation patterns of landslide basal friction revealed from long-period seismic waveform inversion." Natural Hazards 100, no. 1 (October 23, 2019): 313–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11069-019-03813-y.

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Abstract A catastrophic landslide struck the Xiaoba village in Fuquan, Guizhou, southwestern China at about 8:30 p.m. (Beijing Time, UTC + 8) on August 27, 2014. The landslide and induced impulse water waves destroyed two villages and killed 23 persons. By reprocessing seismic signals from a seismic network deployed in the surrounding area of the landslide, we recognized the event from low-frequency seismic signals and subsequently performed a long-period seismic waveform inversion to obtain its force–time history. The inversion results reveal that the maximum force for the landslide is 5 × 109 N, and the duration of the landslide is 38.4 s. The landslide reached its maximum velocity of 12.4 m/s at 13.2 s after its initiation, and the mass center plugged into the quarry at 24.2 s. Based on the inversion results, we estimated basal friction of the landslide. We found the friction coefficient rapidly reduces to a relatively steady-state value of ~ 0.4 at a steady-state distance of 35 m and subsequently reduces in a near-linear manner that satisfies the empirical formula $$ \mu = - 1.4d + 0.44 $$μ=-1.4d+0.44, where $$ d $$d is sliding distance in km. The reduction in friction revealed by the formula is compatible with the finding of previous studies for landslides of similar volume in landslide acceleration stage. However, our result does not make it possible for the friction coefficient to increase again in landslide deceleration stage that a velocity-dependent friction law would allow. The friction variation patterns can be used to constrain input parameters in numerical landslide simulation, which can predicate runout distance and deposit areas for massive landslides to carry out landslide hazard assessment.

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44

Chang, Che-Jui, and Jean-Fu Kiang. "Simulations of Switchback, Fragmentation and Sunspot Pair in δ-Sunspots during Magnetic Flux Emergence." Sensors 21, no. 2 (January 15, 2021): 586. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21020586.

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Strong flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs), launched from δ-sunspots, are the most catastrophic energy-releasing events in the solar system. The formations of δ-sunspots and relevant polarity inversion lines (PILs) are crucial for the understanding of flare eruptions and CMEs. In this work, the kink-stable, spot-spot-type δ-sunspots induced by flux emergence are simulated, under different subphotospheric initial conditions of magnetic field strength, radius, twist, and depth. The time evolution of various plasma variables of the δ-sunspots are simulated and compared with the observation data, including magnetic bipolar structures, relevant PILs, and temperature. The simulation results show that magnetic polarities display switchbacks at a certain stage and then split into numerous fragments. The simulated fragmentation phenomenon in some δ-sunspots may provide leads for future observations in the field.

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45

Pierini, Silvio, Mattia Aleardi, and Alfredo Mazzotti. "A method to attenuate genetic drift in genetic-algorithm optimizations: Applications to analytic objective functions and two seismic optimization problems." GEOPHYSICS 84, no. 2 (March 1, 2019): R295—R310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2018-0374.1.

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Genetic algorithms (GAs) usually suffer from the so-called genetic-drift effect, which reduces the genetic variability within the evolving population making the algorithm converge toward a local minimum of the objective function. We have developed an innovative method to attenuate such a genetic-drift effect that we named the drift-avoidance GA (DAGA). The implemented method combines some principles of niched GAs (NGAs), catastrophic GAs, crowding GAs, and the Monte Carlo algorithm (MCA) with the aim of maintaining an optimal genetic diversity within the evolving population, thus avoiding premature convergence. The DAGA performance is first tested on different analytic objective functions often used to test optimization algorithms. In this case, the implemented DAGA approach is compared with standard GAs, catastrophic GAs, crowding GAs, NGAs, and MCA. Then, the DAGA and the NGAs approaches are compared on two well-known nonlinear geophysical optimization problems characterized by objective functions with complex topologies: residual statics corrections and 2D acoustic full-waveform inversion. To draw general conclusions, we limit the attention to synthetic seismic optimizations. Our tests prove that the DAGA approach grants the convergence in case of objective functions with very complex topologies, where other GA implementations (such as standard GAs or NGAs) fail to converge. Differently, in case of simpler topologies, DAGA achieves similar performances with the other GA implementations considered. The DAGA approach may have a slightly higher or lower computational cost than standard GA or NGA methods, depending on its convergence speed, that is, on its ability to reduce the number of forward modelings with respect to the other methods.

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46

Dudziński, G., E. Podlewska-Gaca, P. Bartczak, S. Benseguane, M. Ferrais, L. Jorda, J. Hanuš, et al. "Volume uncertainty of (7) Iris shape models from disc-resolved images." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 499, no. 3 (October 14, 2020): 4545–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa3153.

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ABSTRACT High angular resolution disc-resolved images of (7) Iris collected by VLT/SPHERE instrument are allowed for the detailed shape modelling of this large asteroid revealing its surface features. If (7) Iris did not suffer any events catastrophic enough to disrupt the body (which is very likely) by studying its topography, we might get insights into the early Solar system’s collisional history. When it comes to internal structure and composition, thoroughly assessing the volume and density uncertainties is necessary. In this work, we propose a method of uncertainty calculation of asteroid shape models based on light curve and adaptive optics (AO) images. We apply this method on four models of (7) Iris produced from independent Shaping Asteroids using Genetic Evolution and All-Data Asteroid Modelling inversion techniques and multiresolution photoclinometry by deformation. Obtained diameter uncertainties stem from both the observations from which the models were scaled and the models themselves. We show that despite the availability of high-resolution AO images, the volume and density of (7) Iris have substantial error bars that were underestimated in the previous studies.

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47

Schöpa, Anne, Wei-An Chao, Bradley P. Lipovsky, Niels Hovius, Robert S. White, Robert G. Green, and Jens M. Turowski. "Dynamics of the Askja caldera July 2014 landslide, Iceland, from seismic signal analysis: precursor, motion and aftermath." Earth Surface Dynamics 6, no. 2 (June 14, 2018): 467–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/esurf-6-467-2018.

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Abstract. Landslide hazard motivates the need for a deeper understanding of the events that occur before, during, and after catastrophic slope failures. Due to the destructive nature of such events, in situ observation is often difficult or impossible. Here, we use data from a network of 58 seismic stations to characterise a large landslide at the Askja caldera, Iceland, on 21 July 2014. High data quality and extensive network coverage allow us to analyse both long- and short-period signals associated with the landslide, and thereby obtain information about its triggering, initiation, timing, and propagation. At long periods, a landslide force history inversion shows that the Askja landslide was a single, large event starting at the SE corner of the caldera lake at 23:24:05 UTC and propagating to the NW in the following 2 min. The bulk sliding mass was 7–16 × 1010 kg, equivalent to a collapsed volume of 35–80 × 106 m3. The sliding mass was displaced downslope by 1260 ± 250 m. At short periods, a seismic tremor was observed for 30 min before the landslide. The tremor is approximately harmonic with a fundamental frequency of 2.3 Hz and shows time-dependent changes of its frequency content. We attribute the seismic tremor to stick-slip motion along the landslide failure plane. Accelerating motion leading up to the catastrophic slope failure culminated in an aseismic quiescent period for 2 min before the landslide. We propose that precursory seismic signals may be useful in landslide early-warning systems. The 8 h after the main landslide failure are characterised by smaller slope failures originating from the destabilised caldera wall decaying in frequency and magnitude. We introduce the term “afterslides” for this subsequent, declining slope activity after a large landslide.

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Rondón-González, Marianna, Véronique Sadtler, Philippe Marchal, Lionel Choplin, and Jean-Louis Salager. "Emulsion Catastrophic Inversion from Abnormal to Normal Morphology. 7. Emulsion Evolution Produced by Continuous Stirring To Generate a Very High Internal Phase Ratio Emulsion." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 47, no. 7 (April 2008): 2314–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie071482r.

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Dethier, Evan N., Shannon L. Sartain, and David A. Lutz. "Heightened levels and seasonal inversion of riverine suspended sediment in a tropical biodiversity hot spot due to artisanal gold mining." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 48 (November 11, 2019): 23936–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1907842116.

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In recent years, rising gold prices have exacerbated the global proliferation of artisanal-scale gold mining (ASGM), with catastrophic consequences for human and ecological health. Much of this burgeoning industry has occurred in biodiversity hot spots, notably in the tropical forests of South America. While the loss of tropical forests and floodplains as a result of ASGM has been well characterized, ASGM impacts on riverine hydrological properties are less understood. Previous fieldwork on ASGM-affected and gully-eroded tropical streams and rivers has demonstrated that increases in suspended-sediment concentration (SSC) can substantially impact fish diversity and aquatic community structure, yet our understanding of the timing and scope of impacts of such increases is limited by the lack of long-term records of SSC. To address this challenge, we present a 34-y analysis of the direct effect of ASGM on 32 river reaches in the Madre de Dios region of Peru, which has been heavily impacted by ASGM since the 1980s. We evaluate spatial and temporal patterns of impacts using estimated SSC derived from Landsat satellite imagery. We find that 16 of 18 stretches of river impacted by ASGM show significant increasing trends in SSC (P < 0.05), while only 5 of 14 unaffected sites do so. Additionally, ASGM appears to reverse natural seasonal cycles of SSC, which may imperil aquatic species. Overall, our findings indicate that ASGM is fundamentally altering optical water quality dynamics of a critical tropical biodiversity hot spot and provide guidance for future regulation of these activities.

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Argence, S., D. Lambert, E. Richard, N. Söhne, J. P. Chaboureau, F. Crépin, and P. Arbogast. "High resolution numerical study of the Algiers 2001 flash flood: sensitivity to the upper-level potential vorticity anomaly." Advances in Geosciences 7 (March 14, 2006): 251–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/adgeo-7-251-2006.

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Abstract. From 9 to 11 November 2001, intense cyclogenesis affected the northern coasts of Africa and more particularly the densely populated city of Algiers. During the morning of 10 November, more than 130 mm of precipitation was recorded at Bouzareah and resulted in mudslides which devastated the Bab-el-Oued district. This disaster caused more than 700 casualties and catastrophic damage. Like many other heavy rainstorms in the western Mediterranean, this event was associated with the presence of an upper-level trough materialized by a deep stratospheric intrusion and characterized by high potential vorticity values. In this study, the impact of this synoptic structure on the localization and intensity of the precipitation which affected Algiers is investigated using a potential vorticity (PV) inversion method coupled for the first time with the French non-hydrostatic MESO-NH model. A set of perturbed synoptic environments was designed by slightly modifying the extent and the intensity of the coherent potential vorticity structures in the operational ARPEGE analysis. It is shown that such modifications may have a strong impact on the fine-scale precipitation forecast in the Algiers region, thereby demonstrating the fundamental role played by the potential vorticity anomaly during this exceptional meteorological event.

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