Academic literature on the topic 'Catchment management'
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Journal articles on the topic "Catchment management"
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Stosch, Kathleen C., Richard S. Quilliam, Nils Bunnefeld, and David M. Oliver. "Rapid Characterisation of Stakeholder Networks in Three Catchments Reveals Contrasting Land-Water Management Issues." Land 11, no. 12 (December 18, 2022): 2324. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11122324.
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Catchments are socio-ecological systems integrating land, water and people with diverse roles and views. Characterising stakeholder networks and their levels of influence and interaction within catchments can help deliver more effective land and water management. In this study, we combined stakeholder analysis and social network methods to provide a novel stakeholder-mapping tool capable of identifying interactions among the land and water management communities across three contrasting study catchments. The overarching aim was to characterise the influence of different stakeholders involved in catchment management based on the perceptions of participants from four key stakeholder groups (Environmental Regulators, Water Industry Practitioners, the Farm Advisor Community, and Academics). A total of 43 participants identified 28 types of specific catchment management stakeholder groups with either core or peripheral importance to our three case study catchments. Participants contributed 490 individual scores relating to the perceived influence of these different stakeholder groups and categorised whether this influence was positive, negative or neutral for the management of catchment resources. Local Government, Farmers and Environmental Regulators were perceived to have the greatest level of influence. Social network analysis further determined which stakeholders were most commonly connected in all of the study catchments and hence formed the core of stakeholder networks in each catchment. Comparing outputs from the analysis of three contrasting river catchments, as well as between participants from four key stakeholder groups allowed identification of which stakeholders were more central to the catchment management networks. Such analyses could help facilitate effective communication within land and water management stakeholder networks by targeting highly connected opinion leaders or promoting peer learning via distinct catchment subgroups.
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Grobicki, A. M. W. "Urban catchment management in a developing country: the Lotus River project, Cape Town, South Africa." Water Science and Technology 44, no. 2-3 (July 1, 2001): 313–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2001.0784.
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This paper describes a 2-year pilot project undertaken in an urban catchment in Cape Town, South Africa. The impermeable area of the Lotus River catchment has doubled over 15 years, from 17% in 1983 to 34% in 1997. Following the abolition of urban influx control in 1990, informal settlements in the catchment grew rapidly and now house about 90,000 out of the catchment's total population of 380,000 people. The informal areas are still largely unserviced, despite a commitment from local government to speed up service delivery to the poorest areas of the city. Within the Lotus River project, hydrological and ecological assessments of the urban watercourses were undertaken, through physico-chemical and microbiological sampling programmes, macro-invertebrate counts, and vegetation sampling. All available information regarding the catchment was integrated within a GIS platform, including demographic and socio-economic data on the various communities, and hydrogeological information on the underlying aquifer obtained from earlier studies. The integrated nature of the project allows a number of conclusions and recommendations to be drawn, regarding the management of this particular catchment. However, important general lessons have also been learned which can be applied by local authorities responsible for urban catchments in developing countries. The necessity of providing the required institutional structures cannot be overemphasised.
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Carroll, C., K. Rohde, G. Millar, C. Dougall, S. Stevens, R. Ritchie, and S. Lewis. "Neighbourhood catchments: a new approach for achieving ownership and change in catchment and stream management." Water Science and Technology 45, no. 11 (June 1, 2002): 185–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2002.0394.
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The Neighbourhood Catchment approach integrates land and stream management practices at a property and through to a local catchment scale, links production and environmental goals, and is a building block to achieve ownership and change at a sub-catchment scale and larger. Research conducted in two 'focus' Neighbourhood Catchments has shown that land management practices that retain >30% soil cover reduce sediment movement to streams. The Neighbourhood Catchment approach engages both early and cautious adopters, and enables continuous improvement of resource management to take place, and be recorded at an individual property and local catchment scale.
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Pickard, Amy E., Marcella Branagan, Mike F. Billett, Roxane Andersen, and Kerry J. Dinsmore. "Effects of peatland management on aquatic carbon concentrations and fluxes." Biogeosciences 19, no. 5 (March 4, 2022): 1321–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-1321-2022.
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Abstract. Direct land-to-atmosphere carbon exchange has been the primary focus in previous studies of peatland disturbance and subsequent restoration. However, loss of carbon via the fluvial pathway is a significant term in peatland carbon budgets and requires consideration to assess the overall impact of restoration measures. This study aimed to determine the effect of peatland land management regime on aquatic carbon concentrations and fluxes in an area within the UK's largest tract of blanket bog, the Flow Country of northern Scotland. Three sub-catchments were selected to represent peatland land management types: non-drained, drained, and restoration (achieved through drain blocking and tree removal). Water samples were collected on a fortnightly basis from September 2008 to August 2010 at six sampling sites, one located upstream and one downstream within each sub-catchment. Concentrations of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) were significantly lower for the upstream non-drained sub-catchment compared to the drained sub-catchments, and there was considerable variation in the speciation of aquatic carbon (DOC, particulate organic carbon (POC), CO2, and CH4) across the monitoring sites, with dissolved gas concentrations inversely correlated with catchment area and thereby contributing considerably more to total aquatic carbon in the smaller headwater catchments. Significantly higher POC concentrations were observed in the restored sub-catchment most affected by tree removal. Aquatic carbon fluxes were highest from the drained catchments and lowest from the non-drained catchments at 23.5 and 7.9 g C m−2 yr−1, respectively, with variability between the upstream and downstream sites within each catchment being very low. It is clear from both the aquatic carbon concentration and flux data that drainage has had a profound impact on the hydrological and biogeochemical functioning of the peatland. In the restoration catchment, carbon export varied considerably, from 21.1 g C m−2 yr−1 at the upper site to 10.0 g C m−2 yr−1 at the lower site, largely due to differences in runoff generation. As a result of this hydrological variability, it is difficult to make definitive conclusions about the impact of restoration on carbon fluxes, and further monitoring is needed to corroborate the longer-term effects.
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Booth, C. A., A. Warianti, and T. Wrigley. "Establishing an Integrated Catchment Management (ICM) program in East Java, Indonesia." Water Science and Technology 43, no. 9 (May 1, 2001): 227–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2001.0545.
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The Brantas is one of Indonesia's most important catchments. It is the “rice bowl” of Java and nationally important for its industrial activity. Surabaya, Indonesia's second largest city, is located at the mouth of the Brantas River which is pivotal to the city's water supply. The challenges associated with the institutional framework for natural resource management in East Java parallels that of many states and provinces around the globe. It is multi-layered and complex. Integrated Catchment Management (ICM) may be defined as “the co-ordinated and sustainable management of land, water, soil vegetation, fauna and other natural resources on a water catchment basis”. Over a period of six months, an ICM Strategy was researched and facilitated for the Brantas River Catchment in East Java via a short term advisor attachment. The aim of the Strategy is to improve co-ordination, co-operation, communication and consistency of government and community efforts towards sustaining the catchment's environmental, economic and social values. The attachment was part of the Pollution Control Implementation (PCI) Project funded by AusAid and the Indonesian Government. The ICM Strategy developed was broad based and addressed the priority natural resource management issues facing the Brantas Catchment. It was co-ordinated by BAPEDALDA, the Provincial Environmental Protection Agency, and developed by all agencies involved in natural resource management in the catchment. Various Universities and Non Government Organisations (NGOs) were also involved in the ICM process which developed the Strategy. At the conclusion of the attachment, a draft ICM Strategy and a proposed institutional framework had been developed. A working group of key agencies was also established to further enhance local “ownership”, finalise timescales and implementation responsibilities within the Strategy and bring the institutional arrangements into being through a Governor's Decree.
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Stosch, Kathleen C., Richard S. Quilliam, Nils Bunnefeld, and David M. Oliver. "Catchment-Scale Participatory Mapping Identifies Stakeholder Perceptions of Land and Water Management Conflicts." Land 11, no. 2 (February 16, 2022): 300. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11020300.
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Competing socioecological demands and pressures on land and water resources have the potential to increase land use conflict. Understanding ecosystem service provisioning and trade-offs, competing land uses, and conflict between stakeholder groups in catchments is therefore critical to inform catchment management and the sustainable use of natural resources. We developed a novel stakeholder engagement methodology that incorporates participatory conflict mapping in three catchments with a short questionnaire to identify the perceptions of 43 participants from four key land and water management stakeholder groups: environmental regulators, water industry practitioners, the farm advisor community, and academics. The participatory mapping exercise produced heat maps of perceived conflict and land use competition, providing spatial detail of the complex combination of land use issues faced by catchment managers. Distinct, localised hotspots were identified in areas under pressure from flooding, abstraction, and urbanisation; as well as more dispersed issues of relevance at the landscape scale, such as from farming, forestry, energy production, and tourism. Subsequent regression modelling linked perceived conflict to land cover maps and identified coastal, urban, and grassland areas as the most likely land cover types associated with conflict in the study catchments. Our approach to participatory conflict mapping provides a novel platform for catchment management and can facilitate increased cooperation among different catchment stakeholders. In turn, land and water management conflicts can be recognised and their underlying drivers and likely solutions identified in an effort to better manage competing demands on catchment resources.
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Bashir, Bashar, and Abdullah Alsalman. "Identifying Soil Erosion-Prone Areas in the Wadi Haly Catchment, Saudi Arabia Using Morphometric Analysis and Watershed Features." Applied Sciences 14, no. 23 (November 23, 2024): 10854. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app142310854.
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Soil erosion has several significant impacts on human and environmental activities that make it an important topic with significant worldwide ramifications. Analyzing morphometric indices provides essential insights into watershed geomorphology, which is key to forecasting and assessing diverse natural hazard dynamics. To ensure effective and sustainable watershed management and resource distribution, it is essential to identify critical catchments or prioritize sub-catchments. In this study, morphometric analysis and prioritization were applied to 15 sub-catchments within the Wadi Haly catchment to identify the one most susceptible to soil erosion. This research focuses on the analysis of 15 sub-catchments within the Wadi Haly catchment in Saudi Arabia, utilizing GIS tools alongside various parameters to guide both short- and long-term catchment management. A combined parameter, developed from several morphometric indices for each sub-catchment, was used to classify the Wadi Haly catchment into three levels of soil erosion risk. The results show that sub-catchments 1, 7, 11, 12, and 13, with areas of 694.1 km2, 517.87 km2, 677.99 km2, 200.39 km2, and 326.55 km2, respectively, are contributing significantly to erosion in the region. In contrast, sub-catchments 3, 8, 9, 10, and 15 exhibit minimal erosion impact. To mitigate severe erosion, strategies such as contour farming, terracing, the use of filter strikes, as well as various structural or non-structural interventions could be applied.
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Oliver, P. "What makes catchment management groups “tick”?" Water Science and Technology 43, no. 9 (May 1, 2001): 263–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2001.0555.
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The work of catchment management groups throughout Australia represents a significant economic and social investment in natural resource management. Institutional structures and policies, the role of on-ground coordinators, facilitation processes, citizen participation and social capital are critical factors influencing the success of catchment management groups. From a participant-researcher viewpoint, this paper signposts research directions and themes that are being pursued from the participant/coordinator, catchment group, and lead government/non-government agency perspective on the influence of these factors on the success of a catchment management group in the Pumicestone Region of Southeast Queensland, Australia. Research directions, themes and discussion/reflection points for practitioners include - the importance of understanding milieu; motivation; success; having fun; "networking networks"; involvement of "non-traditional" stakeholders; development of stakeholder/participant partnerships; learning from other practitioners; methods of stakeholder/participant representation; evaluation; the need for guiding principles or philosophy; the equivalence of planning, implementation, evaluation, and resourcing; catchments as fundamental units of Nature; continuity of support for groups; recognising a new role for government; working with existing networks; and the need for an eclectic approach to natural resource management.
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Sharpley, Andrew, William Gburek, and Louise Heathwaite. "Agricultural phosphorus and water quality: sources, transport and management." Agricultural and Food Science 7, no. 2 (January 1, 1998): 297–314. http://dx.doi.org/10.23986/afsci.72855.
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Freshwater eutrophication is usually controlled by inputs of phosphorus (P). To identify critical sources of P export from agricultural catchments we investigated hydrological and chemical factors controlling P export from a mixed land use (30% wooded, 50% cultivated, 20% pasture) 39.5-ha catchment in east-central Pennsylvania, USA. Mehlich-3 extractable soil P, determined on a 30-m grid over the catchment, ranged from 7 to 788 mg kg-1. Generally, soils in wooded areas had low Mehlich-3P (
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Kovacs, A. S., M. Honti, and A. Clement. "Design of best management practice applications for diffuse phosphorus pollution using interactive GIS." Water Science and Technology 57, no. 11 (June 1, 2008): 1727–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2008.264.
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The paper presents a complex environmental engineering tool, which is appropriate to support decision making in watershed management. The PhosFate tool allows planning best management practices (BMPs) in catchments and simulating their possible impacts on immissions. The method has two parts: (a) a simple phosphorus (P) fate model to calculate diffuse P emissions and their surface transport, and (b) an interactive tool to design BMPs in small catchments. The fate model calculates diffuse P emissions via surface pathways. It is a conceptual, distributed parameter and long-term (annual) average model. The model also follows the fate of emitted P from each cell to the catchment outlets and calculates the field and in-stream retention. The fate model performed well in the Zala River catchment as a case study. Finally, an interactive design tool was developed to plan BMPs in the catchments and simulate their possible impacts on diffuse P fluxes. Different management scenarios were worked out and their effects evaluated and compared to each other. The results show that the approach is suitable to test BMP scenarios at small catchment scale.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Catchment management"
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Materechera, Fenji. "Towards integrated catchment management : challenges surrounding implementation in the Gamtoos River catchment." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1018553.
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Water resource management has become a pertinent issue of global environmental concern in response to the conditions of a growing global population, increasing development and a limited freshwater supply. It is against the backdrop of such conditions that effective water resource management has gained popularity in seeking to ensure that the needs of the growing population will be met and secured for future generations. The notion of integrated water resource management (IWRM) is a perspective on water resource management that has evolved out of the global opinion that social and ecological systems are linked and therefore cannot be managed separately. The department of water affairs (DWA) in South Africa highlights the importance of approaching management of water resources from a catchment perspective which forms the basis for a particular integrated approach to management called integrated catchment management (ICM). ICM recognizes the catchment as the correct administrative unit for management. It integrates water resources and the land that forms the catchment area in planning and management. Researchers have described the implementation of ICM as being complicated and difficult. This is no exception to South Africa. Principles of ICM have received widespread prominence in South Africa as they have been incorporated into national water policy. Actual implementation however is still in its infancy. The study is therefore a case study of ICM with respect to factors influencing implementation amongst different stakeholders. The study aims to explore the theme of implementation of ICM within the context of the Gamtoos River Catchment with a view toward identifying and addressing challenges that may be more broadly applicable. The study adopts an inductive, exploratory approach to the connection between theory and practice. A systems-based framework characterized by sequential steps similar to that employed in a case study conducted by Bellamy et al. (2001) in Queensland Australia is used to facilitate the evaluation of ICM in the Gamtoos River Catchment. The evaluation is achieved through a three step process of exploration in the current study. Triangulation is applied to the choice of methods of analysis which involves the use of a global analysis method, the use of learning scenarios and a grounded theory method. Findings reveal seven core themes which help to provide a detailed, contextual understanding relating to the status quo for ICM in the catchment. Results from a grounded theory analysis summarized the main challenges to implementation into five broad categories. Based on this analysis method and the application of the three learning scenarios for the Gamtoos River Catchment, the extent to which these challenges exist was discovered. The state of ICM in the catchment was classified as falling within a condition of a level of success being achieved with room for improvement to a condition of optimal ICM. The study concludes that based on the context of ICM being an example of a Complex Adaptive Systems (CAS), this state of ICM in the Gamtoos River Catchment is subject to change. This therefore necessitates the consideration of approaches to implementation that are adaptive to change. Findings may serve to inform decision making on how ICM can be effectively implemented elsewhere in a South African context.
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Zanardo, Stefano. "Catchment-scale transport phenomena: rainfall intermittency, age of runoff, anthropic catchment management." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3427400.
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Complexity of transport phenomena at the catchment scale arises from the interconnection of several processes over a range of spatial and temporal scales. The hydrologic and biogeochemical response of catchments is produced by the highly non-linear interaction between meteorological forcing, landscape heterogeneity, and human activity. As a result, a simple experimental analysis does not give significant insight into the processes involved and exploring such phenomena is a challenging task. Nevertheless, investigating these processes is important in order to evaluate the dominant controls on catchment-scale mechanisms as well as predict the response of the systems to human activities and climate-related perturbations. This is particularly relevant in changing environments, where a deep understanding of the systems is critical for a proper management of landscape and water resources. This thesis aims at exploring catchment-scale transport phenomena by applying novel modeling tools to relevant case studies. Both deterministic and probabilistic approaches are followed, as the latter are required by the random nature physical processes whereas the former allow for the analysis of the systems under certain, well defined conditions. Model evaluations are supported by robust analyses of extensive datasets, whose purpose is not simply to validate the approaches but rather to provide further insight into the processes. Long term effects of hydrologic fluctuations are captured by stochastic models in terms of steady state statistical distributions of relevant physical quantities. This modeling approach provides a causal relationship between daily rainfall random fluctuations and daily stream flow variability, this, in turn, relates to the variability of stream stage, and in-stream nutrients removal. The stochastic approach is further extended to evaluate the effect of the daily variability of precipitation on the inter-annual variability of water balance. The application of the model to a large amount of experimental catchment across the United States shows how there exist regions where the daily variability of water partitioning is the major control on inter-annual variability of water balance, and regions where the inter-annual variability arises from controls other than the simple scaling-up of short term processes. A deterministic approach, namely Mass Response Function (MRF), is used to evaluate the effect of soil heterogeneities, as well as the effect of water-mixing mechanisms on the hydrologic and biogeochemical response of catchments. The main idea underlying this framework is that the evolution of solute and water pulses moving within the soil largely depends on their residence time. The application of the MRF model to a tracer study on nitrates and lithium suggests that runoff is composed by a collection of water particles with a mixture of ages and that, in this case, the effect of unmixed preferential flow can be ruled out. The MRF is then coupled with a `source zone' model suitable to describe pesticides release from the top soil layer in intensively managed catchments. This additional module proves necessary to properly simulate the pesticides transport mechanisms. The application of the model to a decade-long water-quality monitoring dataset suggests that the prediction of the agro-chemical response requires an accurate knowledge of the management practices. In particular, the interval between the occurrence of large rainfall events and the pesticide application dates seems to constitute the main control on the pesticide release dynamics. These considerations are of particular interest when modeling pesticides as they are exclusively of anthropic origin. Whereas, when considering other types contaminant such as nutrients, the anthropic component may be clouded by the effect of chemical soil production.<br>La complessità dei fenomeni di trasporto alla scala di bacino deriva dall'interconnessione di diversi processi su diverse scale temporali e spaziali. La risposta idrologica e biogeochimica dei bacini è il prodotto di interazioni altamente non lineari tra le forzanti meteorologiche, le eterogeneità del territorio e le attività umane. Di conseguenza, semplici analisi sperimentali non permettono un'adeguata comprensione dei processi coinvolti, e l'analisi di questi fenomeni rappresenta un obiettivo ambizioso. Tuttavia, l'esplorazione di questi processi è importante per valutare i controlli dominanti su meccanismi di trasporto alla scala di bacino e predirne la risposta idrologica e biogeochimica a perturbazioni climatiche ed alla gestione del territorio. Questo è particolarmente importante nel caso di ecosistemi in cambiamento, dove una profonda comprensione dei processi è fondamentale per una corretta gestione del territorio e delle risorse idriche. Lo scopo di questa tesi è l'analisi di fenomeni di trasporto alla scala di bacino attraverso l'applicazione di nuovi approcci modellistici a casi studio di interesse. A questo scopo si è utilizzato sia un approccio probabilistico sia un approccio deterministico: il primo richiesto dalla natura casuale di numerosi processi fisici coinvolti, il secondo necessario per analizzare le dinamiche sotto condizioni ben definite. Lo studio è supportato da una robusta analisi dei dati disponibili, il cui scopo non è semplicemente quello di validare i modelli ma piuttosto di fornire una comprensione più approfondita delle dinamiche in gioco. Gli effetti di fluttuazioni idrologiche nel lungo termine sono simulati attraverso distribuzioni di probabilità stazionarie relative a grandezze fisiche rilevanti. Questo approccio modellistico fornisce una relazione causale tra la fluttuazione giornaliera della pioggia e la fluttuazione giornaliera dei deflussi, la quale, a sua volta, è messa in relazione con l'atezza di moto nei corsi d'acqua ed infine con i processi rimozione di nutrienti nelle reti idrografiche. Tale approccio stocastico è successivamente utilizzato per valutare l'effetto delle fluttuazioni giornaliere delle precipitazioni sulla variabilità inter-annuale del bilancio idrico alla scala di bacino. L'applicazione del modello ad un esteso numero di bacini sperimentali, distribuiti sul territorio degli Stati Uniti, mostra come esistano alcune regioni dove le fluttuazioni della pioggia giornaliera rappresentano il controllo principale sulla la variabilità inter-annuale del bilancio idrico, ed altre regioni dove questa variabilità è determinata da altri processi che non necessariamente avvengono alla scala giornaliera. Un modello deterministico, detto Mass Response Function (MRF), è utilizzato per valutare l'effetto delle eterogeneità del suolo e dei meccanismi di mescolamento sulla risposta idrologica e biogeochimica dei bacini. Il concetto principale che caratterizza questo approccio si basa sull'assunzione che l'evoluzione degli impulsi di acqua e soluti che si muovono nel suolo sia prevalentemente governata dal relativo tempo di residenza. L'applicazione del modello MRF ad uno studio di traccianti effettuato utilizzando nitrati e litio suggerisce che i deflussi sono composti da un insieme di impulsi aventi differenti età e che, almeno nel caso in esame, l'effetto di flussi preferenziali non mescolati può essere trascurato. Il modello MRF è stato successivamente accoppiato con un modello detto `source zone' atto a simulare il rilascio di pesticidi dallo strato superficiale del suolo in bacini intensamente antropizzati. L'aggiunta di questo secondo modello si è dimostrata necessaria per rappresentare accuratamente le dinamiche di trasporto dei pesticidi. L'applicazione ad un caso di studio sperimentale suggerisce come la previsione della risposta agro-chimica richieda un'accurata conoscenza della pratiche agricole utilizzate. In particolare, l'intervallo tra la data di applicazione dei pesticidi e i primi eventi di pioggia successivi sembra costituire il fattore principale nelle dinamiche di rilascio di contaminanti. Queste considerazioni sono di particolare interesse nella modellazione dei pesticidi in quanto di origine esclusivamente antropica. Nel caso invece della modellazione contaminanti quali i nutrienti, la componente antropica può venire oscurata dalla produzione chimica del suolo.
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Shepherd, Christina. "Towards integrated catchment management : institutional arrangements : a case study of the Patawalonga catchment /." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 1994. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ENV/09envs5478.pdf.
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Edwardes, Katherine. "Water management: distilling criteria for effective management at catchment level." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/19746.
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Includes bibliographic references<br>Of all the natural resources available on earth, it could be argued that water is the most important and essential to human health and well - being. Water is a scarce and finite resource and must therefore be used in such a manner as to preserve and protect it. Statistically, South Africa is a water scarce country and water demand is on the increase due to an increase in population, economic development and living standards. The scarcity creates a need to protect the little water South Africa has and so various policies, laws, guidelines and entities exist to control the use and management of water. South Africa has recently put plans into action to establish nine catchment management agencies, as provided for in the National Water Act (Act 36 of 1998), to deal with the management of water at a catchment level. The establishment and operation of these nine institutions are behind schedule and the outcome of the process thus far is below the desired level. Management of natural resources is done by a wide range of institutions with a variety of management styles according to certain management principles and plans. These management styles can be adjusted to suit the management of most types of natural resources, and because of the interdisciplinary nature of water management, elements from all the management styles can be drawn from to suit water management. Three management and governance styles or concepts were identified for this study. The characteristics and principles of these concepts have been divided into different aspects or broad themes of water management. The National Water Act 36 of 1998, specifically the sections related to catchment management agencies, is reviewed to identify the provisions that might be preventing them from adopting the principles of successful management as suggested by the three governance and management styles.
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Davidson, Celene. "Catchment diagnostic framework for the Klip River catchment, Vaal Barrage, October 1998 - September 1999." Thesis, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/21298.
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This research report is a completed Catchment Diagnostic Framework (CDF) for the Klip
River catchment (Johannesburg) for the period October 1998 to September 1999.
The framework consists of a catchment description and a diagnostic index which provide
a simple and representative view of the catchment and its characteristics and assist in
identifying problem areas.
GIS maps, graphs and tables are used to provide a background of the catchment. The
Diagnostic Index is based on a set of Indicators that are calculated and then scored
according to a rating system allowing for the calculation of an overall value for the
catchment. The indicators and description cover resource conditions, socioeconomics,
water quantity, water quality and management.
Using this CDF it was found that the Klip River catchment is highly altered due to
mining, urban, industrial and agricultural development. All of these have impacts on the
beneficial use of the Klip River itself and on the downstream users of the Vaal Barrage.<br>AC 2016
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Pattison, Ian. "Rural land management impacts on catchment scale flood risk." Thesis, Durham University, 2010. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/531/.
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This thesis examines the relationship between rural land management and downstream flood risk. The recent increase in flood frequency and magnitude has been hypothesised to have been caused by either climate change or land management. The theoretical basis for why these factors might increase flood risk is well known, but showing their impact on downstream flood risk remains a challenge. Field scale studies have found that changing land management practices does affect local runoff and streamflow. Upscaling these effects to the catchment scale continues to be problematic,both conceptually and, more importantly, methodologically. Conceptually, upscaling is critical. As land management may impact upon the relative timing as well as the magnitude of runoff, any changes in land management practice may lead to changes in the synchronisation of tributaries flows, either reducing or increasing downstream flood risk. Methodologically, understanding this effect requires capturing the spatial resolution associated with field-scale hydrological processes simultaneously with the upscaling of these processes to the downstream locations where flood risk is of concern. Most approaches to this problem aim to upscale from individual grid cells to whole catchments, something that restricts the complexity of possible process representation,produces models that may not be parsimonious with the data needed to calibrate them and, faced with data uncertainties, provides computational limitations on the extent to which model uncertainty can be fully explored. Rather than upscaling to problems of concern, this thesis seeks to downscale from locations of known flood risk, as a means of identifying where land use management changes might be beneficial and then uses numerical modelling to identify the kinds of management changes required in those downscaled locations. Thus, the aim of this thesis is to test an approach to understanding the impacts of rural land management upon flood risk based upon catchment-to-source downscaling. This thesis uses the case study of the River Eden catchment (2400 km2) as a test case. Firstly the downstream flood risk problem was assessed using both gauged data and documentary evidence to investigate the historical flood record. This found the last decade does not differ significantly from previous flood rich periods, which were defined as 1) 1873-1904; 2) 1923-1933; and 3) 1994-present. Second, the potential causes of floods within the catchment were investigated; firstly climate variability was assessed using Lamb weather types, which found that five weather types were responsible for causing 90% of the floods in the last 30 years. Third, spatial downscaling of catchment-scale flood risk was undertaken using two methods; databased statistical analysis; and hydraulic modelling. Both approaches consider the magnitudes and the timing of the flows from each major sub-catchment. The statistical approach involved a principal components analysis to simplify the complex subcatchment interactions and a stepwise regression to predict downstream flood risk. The hydraulic modelling approach used iSIS-Flow to undertake a series of numerical experiments, where the input hydrographs from each tributary were shifted individually and the effect on downstream peak stage assessed. Both these approaches found that the Upper Eden and Eamont sub-catchments were the most important in explaining downstream flood risk. The Eamont sub-catchment was chosen for future analysis as:(1) it was shown to have a significant impact on downstream flood risk; and (2) it had range of data and information needed for modelling land use changes. The second part of this thesis explored the land management scenarios that could be used to reduce flood risk at the catchment scale. The scenarios to be tested were determined through a stakeholder participation approach, whereby workshops were held to brainstorm and prioritise land management options, and then to identify specific locations within the Eamont sub-catchment where they could tested. There were two main types of land management scenarios chosen: (1) landscape-scale changes,including afforestation and compaction; and (2) channel modification and floodplain storage scenarios, including flood bank removal and wet woodland creation. The hydrological model CRUM3 was used to test the catchment scale land use changes,while the hydraulic model iSIS-Flow was used to test the channel and floodplain scenarios. It was found that through changing the whole of a small sub-catchment(Dacre Beck), the scenarios of reducing compaction and arabilisation could reduce catchment scale (2400 km2) flood risk by up to 3.5% for a 1 in 175 year flood event(January 2005). Changing localised floodplain roughness reduced sub-catchment (Lowther) peak stage by up to 0.134 m. This impact diminished to hardly any effect on peak flow magnitudes at the sub-catchment scale (Eamont). However, these scenarios caused a delay of the flood peak by up to 5 hours at the sub-catchment scale, which has been found to reduce peak stage at Carlisle by between 0.167 m to 0.232 m, corresponding to a 5.8% decrease in peak discharge. A key conclusion is that land management practices have been shown to have an effect on catchment scale flooding, even for extreme flood events. However, the effect of land management scenarios are both spatially and temporally dependent i.e. the same land management practice has different effects depending on where it is implemented, and when implemented in the same location has different effects on different flood events.
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Griesel, Gerhard. "Development and management framework for the Gouritz River Catchment." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2003. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-11202003-155742.
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Nleya, Ndodana. "Institutional overlaps in water management in the Eerste River Catchment." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2005. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&.
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In this minithesis I have investigated overlapping mandates as a source of management failure in water management in South Africa in general and Eerste River Catchment in particular. I analysed major legislation which deals with water management to find out how duties and responsibilities are apportioned in the various pieces of legislation. I also undertook an exercise of evaluating roles and responsibilities played by various organs of state in water management from national government, Provincial Government of the Western Cape through to local government, in this case the Municipality of Stellenbosch and the City of Cape Town. It emerged that there were a number of areas of overlap, ambiguously defined mandates, conflict and that these were impeding on decision making in water management. In order to test the framework built above, I then applied it in the Plankenbrug River, a tributary of the Eerste River. Through analysis of newspaper clippings over a period of 4 years I was able to reconstruct conflict over ill-defined mandates in the various aspects of the management of the catchment which showed that<br />
there were differences in roles of the different state organs operating in the catchment. Water management conflict emanated from lack of congruence in the various legislation and differences in the interpretation of legislation. The various state organs seem to be aware of the constitutional duty of cooperative government that engenders state organs to work co-operatively in order to meet their developmental mandates. It seems however that the state organs were merely interested to be seen to be in conformity with this duty more than actually solving the issue as this was seen as something to be tackled at a higher level.
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Harrold, Timothy Ives Civil & Environmental Engineering Faculty of Engineering UNSW. "Stochastic generation of daily rainfall for catchment water management studies." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2002. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/18640.
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This thesis presents an approach for generating long synthetic sequences of single-site daily rainfall which can incorporate low-frequency features such as drought, while still accurately representing the day-to-day variations in rainfall. The approach is implemented in a two-stage process. The first stage is to generate the entire sequence of rainfall occurrence (i.e. whether each day is dry or wet). The second stage is to generate the rainfall amount on all wet days in the sequence. The models used in both stages are nonparametric (they make minimal general assumptions rather than specific assumptions about the distributional and dependence characteristics of the variables involved), and ensure an appropriate representation of the seasonal variations in rainfall. A key aspect in formulation of the models is selection of the predictor variables used to represent the historical features of the rainfall record. Methods for selection of the predictors are presented here. The approach is applied to daily rainfall from Sydney and Melbourne. The models that are developed use daily-level, seasonal-level, annual-level, and multi-year predictors for rainfall occurrence, and daily-level and annual-level predictors for rainfall amount. The resulting generated sequences provide a better representation of the variability associated with droughts and sustained wet periods than was previously possible. These sequences will be useful in catchment water management studies as a tool for exploring the potential response of catchments to possible future rainfall.
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Lloyd, Ian. "The water resources of the Waipara catchment and their management." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Environmental Science, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/8580.
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The Waipara catchment, North Canterbury, New Zealand is currently experiencing rapid intensification in land use from pastoral farming to viticultural, horticultural and lifestyle activities. This intensification has lead to escalating demand for water which has created challenges for the Waipara community and the water managers. Sustainable and effective management requires both a thorough understanding of the physical environment and consideration of the needs of society. This study has been undertaken to assist management by quantifying the water resources, determining current water use and identifying the key issues facing management.
Limited precipitation and high evapo-transpiration rates dominate the area's water resources resulting in very limited runoff and significant soil moisture deficits over the summer months. The surface water resources of the area are over allocated with potential abstraction rates far exceeding normal summer flows. The last five years has seen the rapid development of groundwater as landowners look for alternative irrigation supplies. The groundwater resources are very complicated and highly variable consisting of small discrete buried river channels. Recharge rates are very low which questions the long term sustainability of groundwater resource.
There is a need to move towards integrated catchment management where science and the community work together to create workable and appropriate solutions. The Waipara community are already highly active in water management. Similarly, recent science has improved understanding of the resources. Water managers need to cease the opportunity and begin the process of developing a holistic catchment management plan.
Books on the topic "Catchment management"
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Ferrier, Robert C., and Alan Jenkins, eds. Handbook of Catchment Management. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444307672.
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National Rivers Authority. Severn-Trent Region., ed. Tame catchment management plan. Lichfield: NRA, 1996.
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Agency, Environment, ed. Tame catchment management plan. Lichfield: Environment Agency, 1996.
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C, Ferrier Robert, and Jenkins Alan, eds. Handbook of catchment management. Chichester, West Sussex, UK: Blackwell, 2010.
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Bren, Leon. Forest Hydrology and Catchment Management. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9337-7.
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Bren, Leon. Forest Hydrology and Catchment Management. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-12840-0.
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Natalie, Hunt, and National Landcare Program (N.S.W.), eds. Geebulla Creek Catchment management report. South Perth, WA: Dept. of Agriculture, Information and Media Services, 1994.
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Kusunoki, F. T. Wakida. Catchment management planning - recommendations for its development in Mexican river catchments, with emphasis on the Tijuana River catchment. Oxford: Oxford Brookes University, 1996.
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Region, National Rivers Authority Anglian. Blackwater catchment management plan: Action plan. Peterborough: National Rivers Authority, 1995.
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National Rivers Authority. North West Region. River Irwell catchment management action plan. Sale: National Rivers Authority, North West region, 1995.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Catchment management"
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Bren, Leon. "Catchment Management Issues Worldwide." In Forest Hydrology and Catchment Management, 377–406. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-12840-0_15.
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Parshotam, Aroon, and Dale M. Robertson. "Modelling for Catchment Management." In Lake Restoration Handbook, 25–65. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93043-5_2.
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Vinten, Andrew. "Diffuse Pollution Management." In Handbook of Catchment Management 2e, 153–81. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119531241.ch7.
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Tortajada, Cecilia, and Rachel Yan Ting Koh. "Integrated Management in Singapore." In Handbook of Catchment Management 2e, 385–407. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119531241.ch15.
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Bren, Leon. "Catchment Management Issues World-Wide." In Forest Hydrology and Catchment Management, 235–61. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9337-7_11.
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Jenkins, Alan, and Robert C. Ferrier. "The Future for Catchment Management." In Handbook of Catchment Management 2e, 579–87. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119531241.ch23.
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Laster, R. E. "Catchment Basin Management of Water." In Environmental Challenges, 437–46. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4369-1_34.
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Bren, Leon. "The Basics of Catchment Hydrology." In Forest Hydrology and Catchment Management, 1–21. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9337-7_1.
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Bren, Leon. "The Basics of Catchment Hydrology." In Forest Hydrology and Catchment Management, 1–27. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-12840-0_1.
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Ferrier, Robert C., and Alan Jenkins. "Introduction to Catchment Management in 2020." In Handbook of Catchment Management 2e, 3–24. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119531241.ch1.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Catchment management"
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Kálmán, Attila, Antal Bakonyi, Máté Chappon, and Katalin Bene. "Optimizing Inter-Basin Water Transfer for Sustainable Energy Management and Multipurpose Water Utilization." In 10th International Scientific Conference on Advances in Mechanical Engineering, 297–309. Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2025. https://doi.org/10.4028/p-jawpd3.
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Climate change has further exacerbated long-standing water use conflicts in the Lake Velence catchment area in Hungary. The lake is the ecological, social and economic central element of the area, with water scarcity as water levels having fallen to record lows in recent years due to severe summer droughts. As a result of infrastructure developments in the 20th century and the significant waves of immigrants in recent decades, the lake and its surroundings have been heavily modified, transformed into an artificial waterbody, while land and water use has significantly altered. Besides these negative effects on water resources and the lake’s water level, settlements in the catchment area have become the top solar energy producers per housing in Hungary in recent years. The aim of this research is to identify and develop a possible inter-basin water recharge solution that meets societal needs based on the suggested development ideas formulated in questionnaire responses. A sustainable alternative of these solutions is pumping from a nearby catchment, that was evaluated in detail. Based on ecological considerations, a multi-criteria analysis summarizing nearly 100 water quality and quantity parameters was developed to ensure that water supply meets qualitative requirements. To ensure economically sustainable operating costs, the nearby solar capacities were used for pumps operation and energy storage. For energy demand and carbon emissions reduction, the uphill pumping was complemented with a downhill turbine hydropower recovery system. Several scenarios of the pumped water recharge system were considered and hydrodynamically optimized in Matlab. The return on investment of the inter-basin pumped water replenishment systems were evaluated as well as the carbon emissions to assure additional economic benefits and low carbon-footprint. A bottom-up methodology with large scale stakeholder involvement that assesses social needs and applies well-balanced the three pillars of sustainable development, can achieve a Pareto effective displacement even during the development of a water replacement system at the catchment level and beyond, on an inter-basin level. With a comprehensive methodology developed for pumped water recharge from an external catchment using existing renewable energy sources, the deteriorating social atmosphere and ecological conditions caused by climate and land use changes may be improved. In the meantime, even economic benefits can be increased, all with a low energy demand and carbon footprint, in a sustainable way.
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Ilcheva, Irena, Vesela Zaharieva, Anna Yordanova, and Snejanka Balabanova. "CATCHMENT ABSTRACTION MANAGEMENT STRATEGY AND ECOLOGICAL FLOW DETERMINATION IN CASE OF NATURA 2000 AREAS." In 24th SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2024, 49–58. STEF92 Technology, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2024/3.1/s12.06.
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A classical approach to the assessment of the available water resources for different users, including environmental, in Europe is the Catchment Abstraction Management Strategy (CAMS). An assessment has to be made of the extent, to which natural runoff regime could be changed without affecting the sustainable functioning of the environment. The aim of the Restoring Sustainable Abstraction (RSA) is to identify over-abstraction in rivers and wetland sites and make the abstraction sustainable again. In this regard, the report presents an innovative approach for the integrated assessment and management of the water and natural resources (water ecosystems, wetlands, forest, etc.) in cases of Natura 2000 areas (on the example of Vitosha Nature Park, Sanitary Protection Zones of the Struma River Basin, etc.). In the methodology, the ecosystems are also part of the measures. Some measures (such as to restore water regime of the peatlands) are non-traditional measures for RSA and supply-side drought measure. This is a step towards improving the CAMS approach. The main stages of the improved methodology are: Modeling and assessment of climate factors and trends; Water balance modeling; Assessment of water consumption and the environmental needs; Ecological flow assessment and RSA; Simulation modeling and CAMS; Monitoring and adaptive management. A methodology and a mathematical model for determination the ecological flow in Bulgaria which is a necessary condition for achieving a good ecological status are proposed. As an object of research macrozoobentos ecosystem are considered. Emphasis is given to the places of water abstraction, water transfer, rivers at risk of not achieving good ecological potential (hot spots). Measures with synergistic effects are recommended � to protect ecosystems, for flood risk prevention, etc. The results and applications in practice are related to the Vitosha Nature Park Management Plan, Program of Measures, for the goals of WFD and Natura 2000 and supports the MoEW and Basin Directorates in determining the ecological flow and implementation the Eflow concept in Bulgaria
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Knolmar, Marcell, and Sandor Szel. "RETENTION-BASED SOLUTIONS FOR OUTFALL REDUCTION." In 24th SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2024, 181–88. STEF92 Technology, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2024/3.1/s12.22.
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The discharge emanating from a municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) is a contributing factor to the pollution load within the adjacent natural water body. Generally, effluent constraints can be upheld during periods of dry weather. Nonetheless, instances of surpassing these limitations are common during storm events due to the substantial surge in inflow. The retention of incoming stormwater presents an opportunity to mitigate both quantitative and qualitative concerns. However, the spatial and financial prerequisites for constructing such facilities necessitate comprehensive deliberation. Hydrodynamic simulations utilizing EPA Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) were conducted for the network model encompassing the catchment area of the WWTP. This aimed to assess the efficacy of retention-based measures implemented at the wastewater treatment facility and its associated catchment, utilizing extensive historical rainfall data. Various strategies, including network extensions such as storage tanks, and leveraging existing infrastructure for inline storage, were scrutinized and compared based on their impact on overflow occurrences. The findings underscore the considerable reduction in overflow volumes achieved through the proposed solutions. Nonetheless, they also serve to facilitate an estimation of the retention system's influence on water quality within the receiving water body.
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Peiris, Nadee Kaushalya, and R. L. H. L. Rajapakse. "Assessment of Water Availability and Demand in Huruluwewa Catchment, Sri Lanka: Case Study Focusing on Trans-basin Water Management." In 2024 Moratuwa Engineering Research Conference (MERCon), 313–18. IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mercon63886.2024.10688673.
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Barros, M. T. L., M. F. A. Porto, and J. L. B. Brandão. "Urban Catchment Management." In Watershed Management Conference 2005. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40763(178)141.
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Duncan, S. "Centralised catchment management." In IET Water Event 2013: Process Control and Automation. Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ic.2013.0193.
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Sapač, Klaudija, Simon Rusjan, Nejc Bezak, and Mojca Šraj. "ANALYSIS OF LOW-FLOW CONDITIONS IN A HETEROGENEOUS KARST CATCHMENT AS A BASIS FOR FUTURE PLANNING OF WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT." In XXVII Conference of the Danubian Countries on Hydrological Forecasting and Hydrological Bases of Water Management. Nika-Tsentr, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/uhmi.conference.01.20.
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Understanding and prediction of low-flow conditions are fundamental for efficient water resources planning and management as well as for identification of water-related environmental problems. This is problematic especially in view of water use in economic sectors (e.g., tourism) where water-use peaks usually coincide with low-flow conditions in the summer time. In our study, we evaluated various low-flow characteristics at 11 water stations in the non-homogenous Ljubljanica river catchment in Slovenia. Approximately 90% of the catchment is covered by karst with a diverse subsurface, consisting of numerous karst caves. The streams in the remaining part of the catchment have mainly torrential characteristics. Based on daily discharge data we calculated and analyzed values of 5 low-flow indices. In addition, by analyzing hydrograph recession curves, recession constants were determined to assess the catchment’s responsiveness to the absence of precipitation. By using various calculation criteria, we analyzed the influence of individual criteria on the values of low-flow recession constants. Recession curves are widely used in different fields of hydrology, for example in hydrological models, baseflow studies, for low-flow forecasting, and in assessing groundwater storages which are crucial in view of assessing water availability for planning water resources management. Moreover, in the study we also investigated the possible impact of projected climate change (scenario RCP4.5) on low-flow conditions in two sub-catchments of the Ljubljanica river catchment. For the evaluation we used the lumped conceptual hydrological model implemented in the R package airGR. For periods 2011-2040, 2041-2070, and 2071-2100 low-flow conditions were evaluated based on flow duration curves compared with the 1981-2010 period. The lowest discharges at all water stations in the Ljubljanica river catchment occur mostly during the summer months. Our results for the future show that we can expect a decrease of the lowest low-flows in the first two 30-year periods, while in the last one low-flows could increase by approx. 15%. However, the uncertainty/variability of the results is very high and as such should be taken into account when interpreting and using the results. This study demonstrates that evaluation of several low-flow characteristics is needed for a comprehensive and holistic overview of low-flow dynamics. In non-homogeneous catchments with a high karstic influence, the hydrogeological conditions of rivers should also be taken into account in order to adequately interpret the results of low-flow analyses. This proved to be important even in case of neighboring water stations.
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"A coastal model supporting urban catchment management." In 20th International Congress on Modelling and Simulation (MODSIM2013). Modelling and Simulation Society of Australia and New Zealand (MSSANZ), Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.36334/modsim.2013.h6.strauss.
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Higginson, M. P., and L. Chambers. "SCaMP: `Management of the catchment as an asset'." In Asset Management Conference 2014. Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cp.2014.1040.
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de Silva, Lakdeepal, and Hsing-Chung Chang. "Effective vegetation management by Catchment Management Authorities using Hyperion imagery." In IGARSS 2014 - 2014 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium. IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2014.6946862.
Full textReports on the topic "Catchment management"
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Poelina, Anne, J. Alexander, N. Samnakay, and I. Perdrisat. A Conservation and Management Plan for the National Heritage Listed Fitzroy River Catchment Estate (No. 1). Edited by A. Hayes and K. S. Taylor. Martuwarra Fitzroy River Council; Nulungu Research Institute, The University of Notre Dame Australia., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32613/nrp/2020.4.
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The Martuwarra Fitzroy River Council (Martuwarra Council) has prepared this document to engage widely and to articulate its ambitions and obligations to First Law, customary law and their guardianship authority and fiduciary duty to protect the Martuwarra’s natural and cultural heritage. This document outlines a strategic approach to Heritage Conservation and Management Planning, communicating to a wide audience, the planning principles, key initiatives, and aspirations of the Martuwarra Traditional Owners to protect their culture, identity and deep connection to living waters and land. Finer granularity of action items required to give effect to this Conservation and Management Plan for the National Heritage Listed Fitzroy River Catchment Estate are outlined in section 7 and which will be more fully explored by the Martuwarra Council in the coming months and years.
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Optenberg, Scott A., and Kathleen A. Moon. Gateway to Care Management Analysis Series. Mammography Professional Services, Health Services Command Catchment Areas, Fiscal Year 1991. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/adb162281.
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Nicol, A., L. Debevec, and S. Oken. Chasing the water: the political economy of water management and catchment development in the Karamoja-Turkana Complex (KTC), Uganda. International Water Management Institute (IWMI), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5337/2021.214.
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Sett, Dominic, Florian Waldschmidt, Kerstin Bueche, Andrea Ortiz-Vargas, Eike Behre, Maxime Souvignet, Olabisi S. Obaitor, et al. Flood risks in Hue, Central Viet Nam: An assessment of flood hazards, exposures, vulnerabilities, root causes and impacts. United Nations University Institute for Environment and Human Security, February 2025. https://doi.org/10.53324/qzlt4709.
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With its long coastline and dense populations along rivers and coastal zones, Viet Nam is one of the world’s countries most affected by floods. Thua Thien Hue province in Central Viet Nam is one region that is particularly prone to flooding as it has two to three floods of varying severity each year, which cause significant damage to people, infrastructure and nature. To effectively reduce future flood impacts and enhance the region’s resilience to floods, it is crucial to understand flood risk drivers and how they progress to the adverse impacts. These include identifying flood-prone areas, understanding who and what is in these areas, that is, exposed to floods (e.g. people or infrastructure), and determining how exposed people and elements are vulnerable to harm from floods. However, this information is currently unavailable in the region, hindering effective risk management. This report addresses this need with insights into the complex nature of flood risks for the urban region of Hue, and recommendations for comprehensive and sustainable flood risk management and adaptation strategies at the catchment level, including risk-informed spatial development planning. More specifically, this report provides an overview of past flood events and their impacts on the region (see chapter 2), an in-depth analysis of key flood impacts on people, livelihoods, transport and water quality, including risk drivers, root causes and interconnections (see chapter 3), an outlook on future flood risks in Hue (see chapter 4), and entry points for comprehensive flood risk management and adaptation (see chapter 5). The report concludes with a summary and an outlook (see chapter 6).
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Desiderati, Christopher. Carli Creek Regional Water Quality Project: Assessing Water Quality Improvement at an Urban Stormwater Constructed Wetland. Portland State University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/mem.78.
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Stormwater management is an ongoing challenge in the United States and the world at-large. As state and municipal agencies grapple with conflicting interests like encouraging land development, complying with permits to control stormwater discharges, “urban stream syndrome” effects, and charges to steward natural resources for the long-term, some agencies may turn to constructed wetlands (CWs) as aesthetically pleasing and functional natural analogs for attenuating pollution delivered by stormwater runoff to rivers and streams. Constructed wetlands retain pollutants via common physical, physicochemical, and biological principles such as settling, adsorption, or plant and algae uptake. The efficacy of constructed wetlands for pollutant attenuation varies depending on many factors such as flow rate, pollutant loading, maintenance practices, and design features. In 2018, the culmination of efforts by Clackamas Water Environment Services and others led to the opening of the Carli Creek Water Quality Project, a 15-acre constructed wetland adjacent to Carli Creek, a small, 3500-ft tributary of the Clackamas River in Clackamas County, OR. The combined creek and constructed wetland drain an industrialized, 438-acre, impervious catchment. The wetland consists of a linear series of a detention pond and three bioretention treatment cells, contributing a combined 1.8 acres of treatment area (a 1:243 ratio with the catchment) and 3.3 acre-feet of total runoff storage. In this study, raw pollutant concentrations in runoff were evaluated against International Stormwater BMP database benchmarks and Oregon Water Quality Criteria. Concentration and mass-based reductions were calculated for 10 specific pollutants and compared to daily precipitation totals from a nearby precipitation station. Mass-based reductions were generally higher for all pollutants, largely due to runoff volume reduction on the treatment terrace. Concentration-based reductions were highly variable, and suggested export of certain pollutants (e.g., ammonia), even when reporting on a mass-basis. Mass load reductions on the terrace for total dissolved solids, nitrate+nitrite, dissolved lead, and dissolved copper were 43.3 ± 10%, 41.9 ± 10%, 36.6 ± 13%, and 43.2 ± 16%, respectively. E. coli saw log-reductions ranging from -1.3 — 3.0 on the terrace, and -1.0 — 1.8 in the creek. Oregon Water Quality Criteria were consistently met at the two in-stream sites on Carli Creek for E. coli with one exception, and for dissolved cadmium, lead, zinc, and copper (with one exception for copper). However, dissolved total solids at the downstream Carli Creek site was above the Willamette River guidance value 100 mg/L roughly 71% of the time. The precipitation record during the study was useful for explaining certain pollutant reductions, as several mechanisms are driven by physical processes, however it was not definitive. The historic rain/snow/ice event in mid-February 2021 appeared to impact mass-based reductions for all metals. Qualitatively, precipitation seemed to have the largest effect on nutrient dynamics, specifically ammonia-nitrogen. Determining exact mechanisms of pollutant removals was outside the scope of this study. An improved flow record, more targeted storm sampling, or more comprehensive nutrient profiles could aid in answering important questions on dominant mechanisms of this new constructed wetland. This study is useful in establishing a framework and baseline for understanding this one-of-a-kind regional stormwater treatment project and pursuing further questions in the future.
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Caster, Joshua J., Joel B. Sankey, and Nathaniel D. Branksy. Land Cover Change Within Wetland Complexes at Dixie Meadows, Churchill County, Nevada: 2015 – 2023. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, June 2025. https://doi.org/10.3996/3632813421.
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Dixie Meadows, Nevada, is a system of geothermal springs and seeps that feed a complex of marshes and wetland meadows that are located within lands managed by the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) and the Department of Defense (DOD). A previous U.S. Geological Survey report documented variability in satellite imagery-based land cover classifications for seven wetland complexes at near monthly time intervals between October 2015 and January 2022. This report presents additional data, extending analysis to November 2023. Land cover classifications between October 2015 and November 2023 demonstrated an association between vegetation cover characteristics and surface moisture, with Class 1 having dry, bare soil or sparse upland vegetation, Class 2 having moist, bare soil or sparse to small vegetation, Class 3 having dense green vegetation with potentially saturated soil conditions, Class 4 having a mix of shallow surface water, saturated soil, and dense green vegetation, and Class 5 having open surface water. Most of the wetland complexes occur close to spring outflows primarily within land managed by the DOD, though portions are also within BLM lands. The intervening and surrounding landscape outside of the wetland complexes assessed in this study are managed by the BLM. As a result, Class 1 land covers had the largest areal coverage for BLM managed lands. Classes 2 and 3 land covers were primarily mapped inside the wetland complexes and thus had the largest area coverage within DOD managed lands. Class 4 was almost exclusively mapped within the wetland complexes and thus was largely contained within DOD managed lands. Class 5 (open water) was exclusively mapped in and adjacent to a single wetland complex with catchment ponds on land managed by the BLM. The distribution of these land cover classes over the study period was seasonally and annually variable. Land cover areas of Classes 1 and 2 were larger during the spring months. Conversely, land cover areas of Classes 3 and 4 tended to be greatest during the summer or fall. These patterns might be influenced by differences in seasonal water sources and phenology.
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Moreda, Fekadu, Benjamin Lord, Mauro Nalesso, Pedro Coli Valdes Daussa, and Juliana Corrales. Hydro-BID: New Functionalities (Reservoir, Sediment and Groundwater Simulation Modules). Inter-American Development Bank, November 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0009312.
Full textAbstract:
The Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) provides financial and technicalsupport for infrastructure projects in water and sanitation, irrigation, flood control, transport, and energy, and for development projects in agriculture, urban systems, and natural resources. Many of these projects depend upon water resources and may be affected negatively by climate change and other developments that alter water availability, such as population growth and shifts in land use associated with urbanization, industrial growth, and agricultural practices. Assessing the potential for future changes in water availability is an important step toward ensuring that infrastructure and other development projects meet their operational, financial, and economic goals. It is also important to examine the implications of such projects for the future allocation of available water among competing users and uses to mitigate potential conflict and to ensure such projects are consistent with long-term regional development plans and preservation of essential ecosystem services. As part of its commitment to help member countries adapt to climate change, the IDB is sponsoring work to develop and apply the Regional Water Resources Simulation Model for Latin America and the Caribbean, an integrated suite of watershed modeling tools known as Hydro-BID. Hydro-BID is a highly scalable modeling system that includes hydrology and climate analysis modules to estimate the availability of surface water (stream flows) at the regional, basin, and sub-basin scales. The system includes modules for incorporating the effects of groundwater and reservoirs on surface water flows and for estimating sediment loading. Data produced by Hydro-BID are useful for water balance analysis, water allocation decisions, and economic analysis and decision support tools to help decision-makers make informed choices among alternative designs for infrastructure projects and alternative policies for water resources management. IDB sponsored the development of Hydro-BID and provides the software and basic training free of charge to authorized users; see hydrobidlac.org. The system was developed by RTI International as an adaptation of RTI's proprietary WaterFALL® modeling software, based on over 30 years of experience developing and using the U.S. National Hydrography Dataset (NHDPlus) in support to the U.S. Geological Survey and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. In Phase I of this effort, RTI prepared a working version of Hydro-BID that includes: (1) the Analytical Hydrography Dataset for Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC AHD), a digital representation of 229,300 catchments in Central America, South America, and the Caribbean with their corresponding topography, river, and stream segments; (2) a geographic information system (GIS)-based navigation tool to browse AHD catchments and streams with the capability of navigating upstream and downstream; (3) a user interface for specifying the area and period to be modeled and the period and location for which water availability will be simulated; (4) a climate data interface to obtain rainfall and temperature inputs for the area and period of interest; (5) a rainfall-runoff model based on the Generalized Watershed Loading Factor (GWLF) formulation; and (6) a routing scheme for quantifying time of travel and cumulative flow estimates across downstream catchments. Hydro-BID generates output in the form of daily time series of flow estimates for the selected location and period. The output can be summarized as a monthly time series at the user's discretion. In Phase II of this effort, RTI has prepared an updated version of Hydro-BID that includes (1) improvements to the user interface; (2) a module to simulate the effect of reservoirs on downstream flows; (3) a module to link Hydro-BID and groundwater models developed with MODFLOW and incorporate water exchanges between groundwater and surface water compartments into the simulation of sur