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1
Cheung, Bernice. "Historical catechisms in the modern church." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2002. http://www.tren.com.
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McEvilly, Christine A. (Christine Ann). "Catechisms and cataclysms : communication in the Reformation." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/59489.
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Thesis (S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Humanities, Arts, and Social Sciences [SHASS], History Section, 2007.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 87-88).
How does belief shape lived experience? This is a central question of existence that all people confront, be they philosophers or farmers. It is not simply a matter of religious belief but a problem that stems from the very core of what it means to be human. Who could decide how to spend their lives without defining priorities? Yet such profound choices are necessarily based on implicit beliefs, valuations of worth and existence. The Reformation period in early modem Europe shines a particularly bright light upon these fundamental questions. Once Martin Luther nailed his Thesis to the church door in Wittenberg in 1517, and in the religious turmoil of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries that followed, no one could avoid considering basic questions about their faith, even if only to defend what had been the status quo. Furthermore, the personal beliefs of Martin Luther and his German princes became a subject that could change the political course of nations. It was in Martin Luther's crucible of religious turmoil that personal belief and government began to shape each other in drastic and visible ways, an interaction which not only emphasizes the importance of belief, but also highlights the problem of popular beliefs, which are difficult to discern in times of religious quietude. But why examine belief? Are there not other more visible expressions of historical change? Ultimately, history is about individuals. One can examine the great political and economic trends of nations, but they only have meaning as they relate to individual existence. What is a modern nation state, if not a collection of its citizens and of how they live, work, interact, and think? Examining the religious beliefs of a society allows one to look at thought and actions in those who were far removed from "high" intellectual culture; for the thoughts of those who composed the massive majority of European society cannot be ignored simply because they were not always expressed in easily retrieved written discourses. Luckily, since theologians, politicians, and activists tried to influence popular belief, their records can be examined. The methods used to influence belief and practice, suggest not only what was in fact believed, but also what topics were of central concern to society's dialogue on religious change. Belief can have power over forces and institutions far larger than any single believing individual. Indeed, the very idea that religion is an issue of concern to individuals and not defined at the level of a city or nation was a novel one in the early modem era. Not surprisingly, and such a fundamental change in the concept of the individual had widespread consequences. This work examines the transmission of reformation ideas from scholars and theologians to lay parishioners in both the Protestant and Catholic traditions. It considers how large scale revolutions in religious thought affected the lives, piety, and religious practice of ordinary individuals. Yet the examination of this theme of transmission and communication is ultimately just a small part of one of the questions that historians have debated: Can the Reformation period be seen as offering up a true division into two different religions, or should it be seen as a moment during which both Catholic and Protestant traditions modernized in parallel to each other? Of course, both views contain some elements of truth; both churches managed to modernize, but nevertheless had fundamental differences in both theology and practice. However, an equally vital question is, perhaps, whether the churches' interactions with society were characterized by the differences between them or by the similar, modern forms both churches shared. This work ultimately suggests that the differences that had developed between Catholic and Protestant traditions by the mid seventeenth century are dwarfed by the changes in both that converted medieval practice to a more modem system. These modem religious traditions would come to co-exist with modern nation states, evolving economic practice, re-defined communities, and the secularization of Europe. Similarities in Protestant and Catholic communication of new theology and reformed practice can be identified and traced, lending support to the theory of parallel reform with similar outcomes, particularly in terms of community and state, even if their respective theologies contained real differences. Communication provides a useful lens for examining this question of difference and modernization since it involves many elements of the two reformed traditions. The choice of what information was to be transmitted, suggests which new theologies the churches thought significant and which were important to the contentious dialogues of the period. The forms of communication speak to the regular functioning of the church as an organization, and suggest how authority figures interacted with their laity. The composition of the audience suggests the new community definitions of each church. This essay will examine three mediums for communicating the agenda of reform in the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries: architecture and visual art, education, and discipline and charity, insofar as they defined community ...
by Christine A. McEvilly.
S.B.
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Salerno, Joseph A. "The approbation of catechisms in the 1983 Code." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1986. http://www.tren.com.
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Bernet, Ernest. "Sanctification as confessed by Luther in his catechisms." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1994. http://www.tren.com.
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Chung, Du Sung. "The importance of catechism for the Presbyterian Church in South Korea." Thesis, University of Wales Trinity Saint David, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.683023.
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Rocha, Biff. ""De Concilio's Catechism," Catechists, and the History of the Baltimore Catechism." IMRI - Marian Library / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1386154475.
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Fuentes, Eduardo N. "An Orthodox catechism for the Hispanic reader." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN) Access this title online. Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1990. http://www.tren.com.
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Gray, Robert D. "Creation of an evangelical catechistical Bible doctrine curriculum for seventh and eighth grade young people." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1994. http://www.tren.com.
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MacLean, Donald John. "Reformed thought and the free offer of the Gospel, with special reference to the Westminster Confession of Faith and James Durham (1622-1658)." Thesis, University of Wales Trinity Saint David, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.683061.
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Heyse, Amy Lynn. "Teachers of the lost cause the United Daughters of the Confederacy and the rhetoric of their catechisms /." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/4060.
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Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2006.Thesis research directed by: Communication. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Jacob, David Karl. "Preaching Martin Luther's Small catechism at the Fort Knox Lutheran service." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2007. http://www.tren.com/search.cfm?p064-0141.
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Westby, Eric James. "Equipping the catechist of catechists : a critical discussion of seminary formation in light of priestly ministry in catechesis." Thesis, Liverpool Hope University, 2016. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.722163.
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Orlando, Evelyn de Almeida. "Por uma civilização cristã : a coleção monsenhor Álvaro Negromonte e a pedagogia do catecismo (1937 - 1965)." Universidade Federal de Sergipe, 2008. https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/4695.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorThis work investigates the collection of the catechisms of Monsignor Álvaro Negromonte published between 1937 and 1965, under two perspectives of analysis: in his material support in the context of the editorial market to the season and in his content through the approximations with the presupposed of the New School. Starting from these two points of analysis the research tries to help with a shading scenery in the area of the History of Brazilian Education that don t comes looking to the catechism as a class of printed that determined much times the Brazilians school practices. Inserted in the area of the History of Education, the investigation begins from the proposal of the Cultural History and from the History of the Book, even looking to the history of the collections, that consider the book of catechism as any book, a cultural object, that wants to promote the civilization process by the education. The Collection Monsignor Álvaro Negromonte is composed of 14 volumes: 12 titles destined to the teaches of schools since the 1st grade of elementary school until the regular course and 3 Guides of the Catechist: the 1st referring to the orientation of catechism teaching for the 1st and 2nd grades of elementary school; the 2nd guide referring to the 3rd grade of elementary school; and the 3rd guide orientated the 4th grade of elementary school. The general purpose of this investigation is based on analyzing this collection as a didactic tool used by the Catholic Church to the formation of the individuals. The materiality, the production, the circulation and the appropriation guided the way that composed scenery that the religious area acted trying to create a Christian civilization. Through the modern practices that the Church developed as the using of printed, in this case, the catechism, a specific object of transmission of the Catholic culture, little explored in the researches in History of Education yet, as in its materiality as in the representations that acquired in the Brazilian society, this research has yet the presence and the place of the Catholic Church in the educational discussions that happened in the country between the decades of 30 and 60 of the 20th century and the appropriation of the discussion about the Actives Pedagogies for this group defended by the author of the collection.
Este trabalho investiga a coleção de catecismos do Monsenhor Álvaro Negromonte, publicada entre 1937 e 1965, sob duas perspectivas de análise: em seu suporte material, no contexto do mercado editorial à época e no seu conteúdo, através das aproximações com os pressupostos escolanovistas. A partir desses dois focos de análise, a pesquisa busca contribuir com um cenário sombreado no campo da História da Educação Brasileira que não vem atentando para os catecismos como uma classe de impressos que determinou, muitas vezes, as práticas escolares brasileiras. Inserida no campo da História da Educação, a investigação parte da proposta da História Cultural e da História do Livro, atentando, ainda, para a História das Coleções, que considera o livro de catecismo, assim como todo livro, um objeto cultural, que visa promover o processo civilizador via educação. A Coleção Monsenhor Negromonte é composta, ao todo, de 14 volumes: 12 títulos destinados ao corpo discente das escolas, desde o 1º ano primário até o Curso Normal e três guias para o catequista: o 1º, referente à orientação do ensino de catecismo do 1º e 2º ano primário; o 2º guia, referente à orientação do 3º ano primário; e o 3º guia, orientava o 4º ano primário. O objetivo geral deste trabalho consiste em analisar essa coleção como ferramenta didática utilizada pela Igreja Católica para a formação dos indivíduos. A materialidade, a produção, a circulação e a apropriação conduziram a trilha que compôs o cenário, em que o campo religioso atuou, buscando formar uma civilização cristã. Através das práticas modernas que a Igreja desenvolveu como o uso dos impressos, neste caso, o catecismo, um objeto específico de transmissão da cultura católica, ainda pouco explorado nas pesquisas em História da Educação tanto em sua materialidade como nas representações que adquiriu na sociedade brasileira, esta pesquisa situa, ainda, a presença e o lugar da Igreja Católica nas discussões educacionais que ocorreram no país, entre as décadas de 30 e 60 do século XX e evidencia a apropriação do debate acerca das Pedagogias Ativas pelo grupo católico nas propostas do autor da coleção.
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Sheehan, James M. "The formation of catechists." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2001. http://www.tren.com.
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Santos, Edson Bento dos. "A FORMAÇÃO DE CATEQUISTAS NA ARQUIDIOCESE DE GOIÂNIA, APÓS A PROMULGAÇÃO DO CATECISMO DA IGREJA CATÓLICA (1992 A 2009)." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, 2011. http://localhost:8080/tede/handle/tede/811.
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Previous issue date: 2011-03-14In this research, we attempted to analyze the formation of catechists in the Archdiocese of Goiânia, in the period 1992 to 2009, considered the period after the promulgation of the Catechism and the documents guiding the catechism of the Catholic Church. Divided into three chapters, this work shows the first chapter, a historical overview of the Archdiocese of Goiânia and their bishops, from the legislative history of the Archdiocese since its founding and the presence of the three bishops. In the second, catechesis and community, the formation of catechists and the mission of those in the church, the Vatican II council and the General Directory for Catechesis, the theoretical framework using the pedagogies of Paulo Freire, worth of classics of the sociology of religion, particularly Max Weber. In the third chapter, it is of particular pedagogical practices applied in the formation of catechists in the Archdiocese of Goiânia. Finally we tried to prove the hypothesis presented in the initial design. And considering the circumstances and historicalcultural church of the Archdiocese of Goiânia influencing the formation and maintenance of the catechism of Goiânia.
Neste trabalho de pesquisa, buscou-se analisar a formação de catequistas na Arquidiocese de Goiânia, no período de 1992 a 2009, considerado período pós promulgação do Catecismo e dos documentos orientadores da catequese da Igreja Católica. Dividida em três capítulos, esta dissertação traz no primeiro capítulo, uma síntese histórica da arquidiocese de Goiânia e seus Bispos, partindo dos elementos históricos da Arquidiocese desde sua fundação e a presença de seus três bispos. No segundo, a catequese e a comunidade, a formação de catequistas e a missão dos mesmos na Igreja, o Concílio Vaticano II e o Diretório Geral para a Catequese, além do referencial teórico, utilizando as pedagogias de Paulo Freire, valendo-se de clássicos da sociologia da religião particularmente Max Weber. No terceiro capítulo, trata-se das determinadas ações pedagógicas aplicadas na formação de catequistas na arquidiocese de Goiânia. Por fim, procurou-se comprovar a hipótese apresentada no projeto inicial. E foram consideradas as circunstâncias históricocultural e eclesial da Arquidiocese de Goiânia que influenciaram na formação e na manutenção da catequese de Goiânia.
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Nyeste, Istvan S. "Shame, guilt, and the Heidelberg Catechism proposal for a fresh reading of the Heidelberg Catechism /." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2001. http://www.tren.com.
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Blok, Arie W. Dekker Raymond. "Preaching with the Heidelberg Catechism today." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1989. http://www.tren.com.
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Thesis (D. Min.)--Western Theological Seminary, 1989.Includes abstract and vitae. Addendum : Raymond Dekker's list of Biblical references for catechetical preaching, leaves 162-170. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 154-160).
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Greig, Pamela L. C. "The "Lay Folks' Catechism" : an edition." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2018. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/53204/.
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This thesis presents the first critical edition of the Lay Folks’ Catechism using the previously unpublished Oxford, Bodleian MS Don.c.13 as the base text. The list of extant witnesses is revised and includes the newly discovered Chetham Library fragment. The edition presents detailed manuscript descriptions, variants from all 26 witnesses, notes on the text and a comprehensive glossary. The introduction considers the roles of Archbishop Thoresby and the Benedictine John de Gaitrik in commissioning and composing the Catechism, and its sources and orthodoxy are confirmed. Scribal presentation of the text as verse or prose is re-examined in conjunction with Gaitrik’s use of punctuation and various literary devices, and a new conclusion reached concerning the text’s construction. The Catechism’s distribution and circulation, its effectiveness as a didactic text, and the transition from northern clergy to non-secular ownership are discussed. The edition establishes the importance of the Catechism in late medieval vernacular pastoralia aimed at a pious lay audience.
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Frisk, Jean M. "Mary in catechesis: a comparative study on magisterial catechetical documents and religion textbooks for elementary schools in the United States from 1956-1998." IMRI - Marian Library / OhioLINK, 1998. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=udmarian1431447113.
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Lindsay, Karen Martin. "Types, metaphors and symbols for baptism in the catechetical, artistic and liturgical genres of the early Church : a literary-aesthetic approach to the study of typology in early Christian hermeneutics." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.368225.
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In the historico-critical paradigm typology was defined in terms of prefiguration and identified with corresponding events in `salvation history. ' In contrast, Frances Young identifies typology as a hermeneutic which has its roots in the literary structure of texts. The object of this thesis is to explore the phenomenon of typology within the hermeneutics of the early Church and to assess typology's contribution to the formation of Christian identity and culture. The thesis proposes an integrated approach to the study of type, metaphor and symbol across literary and aesthetic genres, and within a limited context, i. e., Christian initiation. The introduction to the thesis surveys typology within the historical and literary paradigms. Section one considers varied uses of typology in the catechetical homilies of the Fathers. Section two looks at typology in the artistic programmes of some early Christian baptisteries. Section three surveys uses of typology in some prayers of early baptismal liturgies. By redefining typology in terms of mimesis, multi-valence and multi-culturalism we are able to demonstrate the way in which early Christians forged imaginative links between their own worshipping community and the world of Scripture, through typology.
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Borows, Kurt. "An experiential catechism curriculum (a two-year catechism curriculum using biblical symbols, audio visuals, and artifacts in experiential formats /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1986. http://www.tren.com.
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Bower, John R. "The Westminster Assembly's Larger catechism a critical edition /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2006. http://www.tren.com/search.cfm?p036-0358.
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Lee, Annie Choi. "The necessity of teaching the catechism to youth." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2002. http://www.tren.com.
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Zylstra, Paul Calvin. "A preferred method for preaching on the Heidelberg Catechism the advantages of the biblical-text method over the catechism-text method /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1985. http://www.tren.com.
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Asim, Mohammed. "Metabolism and bioactivity of catechins." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/3774.
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Green tea is widely consumed worldwide, second only to water. Its health effects have been attributed to its polyphenolic catechin content, which accounts for a significant percentage of its dry weight. Epidemiological studies have observed beneficial health effects of green tea catechins against some cancers, cardiovascular diseases, and neurodegenerative diseases. However most studies have also been carried out in vitro where the concentrations of catechins used are not obtainable in the human body. The in vivo situation is very complicated and relies on favourable absorption, metabolism, and excretion of the catechins. In this thesis it is reported, the potential health benefits of green tea catechins in tissues which are highly and most often in contact with catechins, the oral cavity and the intestine. In experiments modelling the oral cavity the four major catechins were extensively absorbed into H400 cells, and showed significant protection at physiological concentrations against H2O2 induced mitochondrial DNA damage. Thereafter the in vitro metabolism of catechins were measured using various intestinal and liver enzyme fractions. It was shown, that in these systems, glucuronidation was the main metabolism pathway. These enzyme fractions also provided mixtures of metabolites which were used to measure their comparative bioactivities in relation to their parent compounds. This was done via the assessment of their protective effects against H2O2 induced mtDNA damage in human intestinal cells. The metabolites were shown to be significantly bioactive; however the majority of the metabolites had lower bioactivities than the parent compound. In the final study the aim was to inhibit the glucuronidation of catechins to aid in the development of strategies to enhance catechin bioavailability. The two compounds chosen have previously been shown to inhibit intestinal glucuronidation. In this study it was determined that both piperine and quercetin significantly inhibited the metabolism of the catechins in intestinal microsomes. These studies taken together give a platform for future studies to be carried out which will be more detailed and rigorous.
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Visscher, James. "I belong a concentric curriculum on the Heidelberg catechism /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1988. http://www.tren.com.
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GAMBA, GIOVANNA. "Catechesi e alfabetizzazione a Brescia in età moderna." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/189.
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Da tempo la storiografia insiste sull'importanza della catechesi come fattore di alfabetizzazione in età moderna: le scuole della dottrina cristiana, fondate e vivificate dopo il concilio di Trento, furono infatti per moltissimi bambini un'occasione privilegiata, spesso l'unica, per lambire i confini del mondo delle lettere. Anche se la società era ancora pervasa dall'oralità, i benefici del saper leggere divennero sempre più evidenti e incrementarono un bisogno di istruzione dal basso che nacque in modo sommesso, ma non tardò a crescere. Si trattava di una domanda composita e frammentata, spesso incerta, sicuramente mobile, che attinse a un'offerta altrettanto variegata. Nacquero, così, le prime scuole dei rudimenti, di norma affidate agli ecclesiastici, i quali insegnavano gratis et amore Dei, anche se la vera svolta si compì quando la sensibilità comune maturò al punto da formalizzare l'insegnamento, trovando i mezzi per stipendiare i maestri e istituire scuole stabili, pubbliche e gratuite. La ricerca analizza le scuole di dottrina e quelle dell'alfabeto nella diocesi di Brescia, spaziando tra due cesure particolarmente significative: dalla frattura religiosa dell'Europa con il conseguente concilio di Trento a ricucire le lacerazioni e promuovere un nuovo cristianesimo allo spartiacque degli sconvolgimenti rivoluzionari di fine Settecento, che determinarono il crollo delle secolari strutture dell'ancien régime.The importance of catechism as a factor that helped literacy in the modern age has been underlined by historiography for a long time: the schools of Christian doctrine, founded and revitalized after the Council of Trent, represented actually a privileged occasion, often the only one, for many children to approach the world of letters. Although society was still pervaded with orality, the advantages of literacy became more and more evident and fuelled a need of education from the lower classes that started quietly but that soon increased. It was a composite and fragmentary demand, often uncertain, definitely mobile that met a similarly varied offer. This was how the first schools of rudiments originated. They were usually entrusted to clergymen who taught gratis et amore Dei, although the real turning point came about when the common sensibility reached such a level that teaching was formalized: means were found to pay the teachers and to establish permanent, public and free schools. This research work analyses the schools of doctrine and the schools of rudiments in the diocese of Brescia, covering the time span between two especially incisive milestones: from one side the religious split in Europe, with the subsequent Council of Trent trying to heal the wounds and promote a new Christianity; to the other side the revolutionary upheavals at the end of the eighteenth century, that caused the age-long structures of the ancien régime to break down.
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GAMBA, GIOVANNA. "Catechesi e alfabetizzazione a Brescia in età moderna." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/189.
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Da tempo la storiografia insiste sull'importanza della catechesi come fattore di alfabetizzazione in età moderna: le scuole della dottrina cristiana, fondate e vivificate dopo il concilio di Trento, furono infatti per moltissimi bambini un'occasione privilegiata, spesso l'unica, per lambire i confini del mondo delle lettere. Anche se la società era ancora pervasa dall'oralità, i benefici del saper leggere divennero sempre più evidenti e incrementarono un bisogno di istruzione dal basso che nacque in modo sommesso, ma non tardò a crescere. Si trattava di una domanda composita e frammentata, spesso incerta, sicuramente mobile, che attinse a un'offerta altrettanto variegata. Nacquero, così, le prime scuole dei rudimenti, di norma affidate agli ecclesiastici, i quali insegnavano gratis et amore Dei, anche se la vera svolta si compì quando la sensibilità comune maturò al punto da formalizzare l'insegnamento, trovando i mezzi per stipendiare i maestri e istituire scuole stabili, pubbliche e gratuite. La ricerca analizza le scuole di dottrina e quelle dell'alfabeto nella diocesi di Brescia, spaziando tra due cesure particolarmente significative: dalla frattura religiosa dell'Europa con il conseguente concilio di Trento a ricucire le lacerazioni e promuovere un nuovo cristianesimo allo spartiacque degli sconvolgimenti rivoluzionari di fine Settecento, che determinarono il crollo delle secolari strutture dell'ancien régime.The importance of catechism as a factor that helped literacy in the modern age has been underlined by historiography for a long time: the schools of Christian doctrine, founded and revitalized after the Council of Trent, represented actually a privileged occasion, often the only one, for many children to approach the world of letters. Although society was still pervaded with orality, the advantages of literacy became more and more evident and fuelled a need of education from the lower classes that started quietly but that soon increased. It was a composite and fragmentary demand, often uncertain, definitely mobile that met a similarly varied offer. This was how the first schools of rudiments originated. They were usually entrusted to clergymen who taught gratis et amore Dei, although the real turning point came about when the common sensibility reached such a level that teaching was formalized: means were found to pay the teachers and to establish permanent, public and free schools. This research work analyses the schools of doctrine and the schools of rudiments in the diocese of Brescia, covering the time span between two especially incisive milestones: from one side the religious split in Europe, with the subsequent Council of Trent trying to heal the wounds and promote a new Christianity; to the other side the revolutionary upheavals at the end of the eighteenth century, that caused the age-long structures of the ancien régime to break down.
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Dannemaier, William Howard. "Milk for Babes: The Catechism in Reformation England 1550-1640." W&M ScholarWorks, 1989. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539625539.
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Saito, Isomi. "The relation of the law to prayer in the Heidelberg Catechism." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2003.
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Mochizuki, Manabu. "Electrochemical and spectroscopic analysis on the oxidation of catechins." Kyoto University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/145449.
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Kyoto University (京都大学)0048
新制・課程博士
博士(農学)
甲第11239号
農博第1454号
新制||農||902(附属図書館)
学位論文||H17||N3984(農学部図書室)
22848
UT51-2004-U444
京都大学大学院農学研究科応用生命科学専攻
(主査)教授 池田 篤治, 教授 關谷 次郎, 教授 大東 肇
学位規則第4条第1項該当
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Clarke, Kayleigh Anne. "Bioavailability and bioactivity of green tea catechins in skin." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2013. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/6354/.
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Dietary flavonoids have been extensively researched in relation to health benefits in humans. The regular consumption of green tea catechins (GTC) has been associated with a reduction in the risk of developing diabetes, cardiovascular disease and cancer. Flavonoids are known to protect plants from the damage caused by exposure to UV radiation, and this effect has also been observed when flavonoids are applied topically to human skin cells. The effect of oral consumption of flavonoids on skin protection from UV exposure is not clear. The work presented within this thesis aimed to investigate the effect of GTC on the response of skin cells to UV induced-stress. Keratinocyte cells from an immortalised human skin cell line (HaCaT) were assessed after exposure to various stress conditions in vitro (FBS starvation, hydrogen peroxide and UV), in combination with a pre-treatment of green tea extract or a purified mixture of GTC. GTC reduced cell death induced by stress (decrease in LDH release), and maintained viability (increase in MTT uptake) in HaCaT cells, relative to control treatments. The uptake of vitamin C, a photo-protective agent depleted after UV exposure, was enhanced by treatment with GTC during stress conditions, as monitored by uptake of 14C-dehydroascorbic acid and evaluation of vitamin C transporters with qRT-PCR. In relation to in vivo conditions, GTC may provide protection and also enhance vitamin C uptake into skin cells undergoing stress. Bioavailability of GTC and metabolites in human skin cells after daily consumption of green tea and vitamin C supplements for 3 months was also investigated. Catechin metabolites in a range of tissues (plasma, interstitial blister fluid, skin biopsies and urine) were identified with LC-MS-MS in unconjugated and conjugated (sulphate, methyl and glucuronide) forms. For the first time, conjugated catechin metabolites were identified in skin tissue samples and extracellular fluid surrounding skin cells; including M6/M6'-O-sulphate, O-methyl-EC-O-sulphate,EC-O-sulphate and EGC-O-glucuronide, with metabolites identified in urine and plasma post-consumption similar to data reported in the literature. The work presented in this thesis provides new knowledge on bioavailability of GTC and metabolites in human skin, which together with vitamin C, may exert UV protection and other health benefits. Further research is required in vitro using pure conjugated standards (methyl, glucuronide and sulphate moieties), and data corresponding to the inflammatory biomarkers post-UV exposure (analysis at the University of Manchester and University of Bradford) is also required before a conclusive relationship can be drawn between oral consumption of flavonoids and UV protection.
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Oliveira, Maria Virgínia Correia de. "Le catechisme en images-um instrumento de catequese da segunda metade do século XIX." Master's thesis, Instituições portuguesas -- -Universidade Lusíada, 1997. http://dited.bn.pt:80/30410.
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DeJong, Bert. "Certain comfort in an uncertain age preaching the Heidelberg Catechism in a new way /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN) Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN) Access this title online, 2006. http://www.tren.com.
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Mehra, Anisha. "The effects of green tea derived catechins upon adipocyte metabolism." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2010. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/12115/.
Full textAbstract:
Tea, from the plant Camellia Sinensis, is after water, the most consumed drink in the world. Green tea, produced by steaming freshly harvested leaves to prevent fermentation, is high in polyphenols known as catechins or flavanols. The major flavanols found in green tea include (-) epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and (-) epicatechin. Literature reports suggest that green tea flavanols have the potential to exert anti-obesity effects by modulating weight gain and other factors such as lipogenesis, β-oxidation and adipokine release. Key features of obesity and associated insulin resistance are adipokine dysregulation, decreased sensitivity of adipocytes to insulin and subsequently, changes in glucose uptake by cells. The aims of this thesis were firstly to establish an efficient system of differentiated adipocytes and secondly to use this to investigate the effects of the flavanols EGCG and epicatechin on physiological outcomes such as adipokine release and glucose uptake. Thirdly, the question of whether these processes might be regulated by the ERK1/2 pathway and what may be happening upstream of this was explored. Finally, the effect of flavanol treatment on adipocyte gene expression of genes known to be modulated in obesity was investigated. Using the well established cell culture model of 3T3-L1 adipocytes, the studies from this thesis show that EGCG and epicatechin are able to modulate the release of the adipokines adiponectin and resistin, dependent on the media glucose concentration. This modulation may be mediated by the ERK1/2 pathway, since flavanol treatment increased ERK1/2 phosphorylation. Uptake of glucose was not altered by any time or concentration of EGCG or epicatechin, and there were no significant changes in adipocyte gene expression following EGCG or epicatechin treatment. A thorough investigation of adipokine release, ERK signalling, glucose uptake and gene expression, under the influence of flavanol treatment, showed that although molecular changes occurred in the 3T3-L1 system, these did not translate into functional readouts. Therefore, it appears unlikely that these have major direct effects on adipocyte function.
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余詩德 and Sze-tak Yu. "Effects of Chinese green tea and tea catechins on lipolysis." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1999. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31969677.
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Yu, Sze-tak. "Effects of Chinese green tea and tea catechins on lipolysis." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1999. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B21106137.
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Robson, Elaine M. "A Christian catechism in Tibetan : an English translation and study of Ippolito Desideri's Tibetan manuscript." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.665461.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis is a translation and study of the Italian Jesuit, Ippolito Desideri's Tibetan manuscript The Essence of the Christian Faith which he wrote towards the end of his five year stay in Tibet (1716-1721). It is the first of his Tibetan works to be translated into English. Desideri's intention in writing was twofold: Firstly, to explain to Tibetan Buddhist readers why their denial of an intrinsically existent God (rang grub dkon mchog) leads to nihilism. Secondly, he wrote to express in the Tibetan language (in the form of a catechism) something of the nature and character of the triune God, and why belief in him does not destroy the Buddhist understanding of 'emptiness', but in fact enhances it. In Desideri's introduction he explains why he considers the Tibetan Buddhist dGe lugs presentation of 'emptiness' to be flawed. He disagrees with their asseliion that all things are beginngless and are mere mentally fabricated constructs which are dependent on their 'basis of designation'. Desideri considers that the existence of the Independent, who is external to the inter-dependent, explains the existence of the inter-dependent; whereas the denial of the Independent leads to the denial of everything. Desideri describes God as the all pervading and compassionate One who sent his Son to liberate people from that which causes them to be shackled and which only perpetuates their 'ignorance' . Drawing on many highly contextualised illustrations, he presents the main doctrines of the Christian Faith in a way that a Tibetan reader who was hearing about Christianity for the first time could relate to. Desideri sought to reassure his readers the acceptance of the biblical God who necessarily exists intrinsically would not destroy, but would in fact enhance, the dGe lugs understanding of 'emptiness' and thereby remove the 'fall into nihilism'.
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SO, JEONG-HWA. "Rhetorical Perspectives on the Large Settings of Catechism Chorales in J. S. Bach's Clavierübung III." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1216409097.
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So, Jeong-Hwa. "Rhetorical perspectives on the large settings of Catechism Chorales in J. S. Bachs Clavierubung III." Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc_num=ucin1216409097.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Dr. of Musical Arts)--University of Cincinnati, 2008.Advisors: David Carson Berry (Committee Chair), Roberta Gary (Committee Member), Bryan Mock (Committee Member) Title from electronic thesis title page (viewed Oct. 4, 2008). Includes abstract. Keywords: Clavierubung III; Catechism Chorales; J. S. Bach's Lutheran philosophy on Music; Musica poetica Includes bibliographical references.
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Bursill, Christina. "Green tea and its catechins upregulate the low-density lipoprotein receptor /." Title page and abstract only, 1996. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09SB/09sbb972.pdf.
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Anderson, Scott. "Attempting to restore the Christian story in a culture of collapse by utilizing an apologetic catechism." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2007. http://www.tren.com/search.cfm?p028-0287.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (D. Min.)--Ashland Theological Seminary, 2007.Abstract . Includes "An apologetic catechism for disciple development" in appendix. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 129-131, 138-142).
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Njoroge, wa Ngugi J. "Creation in "The catechism of the Catholic Church" a basis for catechesis in post-colonial Africa /." Nairobi, Kenya : Paulines Publications Africa, 2002. http://books.google.com/books?id=kC7ZAAAAMAAJ.
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Ribeiro, Núbia Braga. "Os povos indígenas e os sertões das minas do ouro no século XVIII." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8138/tde-24112009-160156/.
Full textAbstract:
Este estudo aborda as políticas de ocupação e exploração das minas dos sertões concomitante as reações indígenas, no século XVIII, principalmente, a partir da década de 1730. Ao analisar as fontes, contempladas nas correspondências entre autoridades, instruções, planos de catequese e civilização, se constatou que a violência, como resultado da prática consuetudinária, prevaleceu sobre as leis de integração social dos gentios. Avaliou-se as investidas dos índios, ao impedirem o êxito dos propósitos do Antigo Sistema Colonial, tornaram objetos da política de Estado incluindo o destino desses povos na pauta de diretrizes, donde derivou a série de planos de catequese. Entretanto, nada mais foram que alternativas dissimuladas de cooptação, articuladas numa seqüência estratégica de anulação das resistências indígenas, como a invenção dos aldeamentos foi um meio de confiná-los em redutos projetados para infligir os hábitos da vida sedentária e a extinção da vida nômade. Pretendia-se adaptá-los ao modelo de civilização européia, promover a convivência com os não índios e viabilizar o acesso às minas. Nesta perspectiva a colonização, inevitavelmente, esteve associada à apropriação das riquezas, condição determinante do sentido à conquista e a razão à catequese. Em contrapartida, originou uma situação permanente de tensões diretamente vinculada à desapropriação das terras indígenas, conjuntamente revelou a maior incidência das disputas nas áreas dos principais focos de lutas indígenas e identificou-se, exatamente, nelas a concentração da política indigenista. Embora aparentemente as estratégias ressoassem o intuito de apaziguar os índios mediante os instrumentos de sujeição, tutela, liberdade restrita, a guerra ofensiva foi um recurso condicionado aos agravos das reações indígenas. Contudo, a guerra, fenômeno histórico-cultural tanto indígena quanto europeu, se efetivou nos combates armados de ambos os lados. Assim, sob o artifício da fé e civilização se enunciou o dever cristão de conduzir o bárbaro selvagem à salvação. No entanto, o cumprimento do dever esteve conexo à recompensa de administrar a vida dos índios, por conseguinte, de administrar a opulência do patrimônio abrigado nas sesmarias e datas minerais localizadas nos sertões. Em função disso, foi indispensável à pesquisa apreender a concepção de sertões e reconhecer a significância do nomadismo, comum aos índios, que forneceu a imagem de espaços em movimentos, compreendendo fronteiras imprecisas que se interagiam nas dimensões étnicas, sociais e econômicas. A itinerância dos índios conferiu atributos à identidade dos ambientes naturais, à medida que se deslocavam se constituía a referência de fluidez dos espaços, mas para dominá-los dependia de fixá-los em limites. Portanto, a correlação entre mobilidade dos sertões e inconstância dos gentios configurou uma geopolítica específica do interior da América portuguesa interligado pelos caminhos trilhados das minas do ouro entre Minas-Goiases-Cuiabá, Minas e Espírito-Santo, Minas-Bahia e assim por diante. As Minas Gerais setecentista, respeitadas as peculiaridades do contexto e das diversas etnias dos povos indígenas, guardavam os metais preciosos e delas se partia para outras minas. Os sertões dos índios eram os sertões das Minas do ouro, espalhadas ao longo dos rios, distantes do litoral, se apresentaram nos focos de reações indígenas que se interpunham como desafio para atingi-las.This study focuses in the politics of settlement and exploitation of the mines of the hinterlands (sertões) and the Indians reactions in the 17th Century Brazil, mostly in the 1730´s. In analyzing the sources the correspondence between authorities, instructions, catechism plans, we were able to verify that the violence, as a result of the consuetudinary practice, prevailed over the social integration laws of the gentiles. We evaluated that the Indians attacks - that were successful in stopping the Ancient Colonial System purposes - were subject to State policy, including the fate of these peoples in the State agenda, generating the catechism plans. However, these were dissimulated alternatives of cooptation, articulated in a strategic sequence of annulment of the Indian resistance, such as the creation of the settlements (aldeamentos), that was a means to confine them in planned locals that were able to cause the habits of a sedentary life and the end of the nomad life. The purpose was to adapt the Indians to the European civilization model, to promote the familiarity with others and to enable the access to the mines. In this perspective, the colonization was associated to the appropriation of the riches, that was an important condition to give sense to the conquest and justify the catechism. On the other hand, it originated a scenery with permanent tensions, directly linked to the expropriation of the Indian land, that appeared in the greater incidence of the dispute in the areas where the major Indian struggles developed, that were the same areas where were concentrated the policies regarding the Indians. Although apparently these strategies showed the intention of pacifying the Indians, by subjugation, tutorship and confinement, the war was a resource that was subject to the intensification of the Indians reactions. But the war, a historical and cultural phenomena both Indian and European, was accomplished in the battles. Thus the Christian duty of bringing the salvage barbarian to salvation was implanted under the artifice of faith and civilization. Nevertheless, the fulfillment of duty was connected to the rewards of governing the Indians, and of governing the riches of the estate that was located in the sesmarias and mines of the hinterland. Thus, it was important to the research the understanding of the concept of sertão, and to recognize the significance of nomadism, that supplied the image of spaces in movement, with imprecise borders that interacted in the ethnic, social and economic levels. The Indians dislocations gave identity features to the natural environment, and demanded the research to apprehend these dimensions. To be able to dominate them it was necessary to settle them in determined limits. The correlation between the mobility of the sertões and the inconstancy of the gentiles, shaped a specific geopolitics in the Portuguese America hinterland, connected by the paths of the gold mines (Minas- Goiases Cuiabá, Minas and Espírito Santo, Minas-Bahia and so forth). The Minas Gerais of the 18th Century, respected the peculiarities of the context and the various ethnics of the Indians peoples, kept the precious metals and from there they went to other mines. The Indians sertões were the sertões of the gold mines, scattered by the rivers, faraway from the coast, and they presented themselves in the reactions of the Indians that were an obstacle to attain it.
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Quesada, Isabel Maria. "Effects of dietary catechins and proanthocyanidins on zinc homeostasis in hepatic cells." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/8695.
Full textAbstract:
Les catequines i els seus polímers, les procianidines, són flavonoids presents en hortalissesi fruits amb efectes beneficiosos sobre la salut. Actuen com a antioxidants segrestant
espècies reactives d'oxigen (ROS) i quelant els metalls ferro i coure. També es comporten
com a molècules senyalitzadores, modulant múltiples vies de senyalització i metabòliques i
l'expressió gènica, incloent-hi la d'enzims antioxidants. Resultats previs del Grup de Recerca
en Nutrigenòmica mostren que una dosi oral aguda d'un extracte de procianidines de llavor
de raïm (GSPE) reprimeix l'expressió de les metal·lotioneïnes (MT), proteïnes lligadores de
zinc, a fetge de rates, i tanmateix incrementa l'expressió del receptor nuclear orfe small
heterodimer partner.(SHP/Nr0b2) (Del Bas et al., 2005). Igualment, es va demonstrar que les
procianidines actuen com a coactivadors transcripcionals del receptor nuclear d'àcids biliars
Farnesoid X Receptor (FXR), el qual es responsable de la sobre-expressió de SHP causada
per GSPE a cèl·lules hepàtiques, i de l'efecte hipotrigliceridèmic de les prociandines effect
(Del Bas et al., 2008; Del Bas et al., 2009).
Els objectius d'aquesta Tesi van ser determinar si les catequines i procianidines
interaccionen amb el zinc, avaluar el seu efecte sobre l'homeòstasi del zinc en cèl·lules
hepàtiques -incloent l'efecte sobre l'expressió de genes MT, utilitzats aquí com a
biomarcadors de l'activitat de les procianidines a cèl·lules hepàtiques-, i disseccionar els
mecanismes pels quals les procianidines afecten l'homeòstasi del zinc, en particular
confirmar si els gens MT són dianes de SHP i FXR.
Els resultats obtinguts mostren que GSPE, així com diverses catequines i procianidines
pures, incloent-hi el flavonoid del te verd (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), lliguen
cations de zinc en solució amb una afinitat més gran que el quelant específic de zinc
Zinquin. En cèl·lules d'hepatocarcinoma humanes HepG2, GSPE inhibeix l'acumulació
intracel·lular de zinc i contraresta els efectes tòxics de dosis elevades de zinc sobre la
viabilitat cel·lular. GSPE reprimeix l'expressió de gens de MTs i d'exportadors de zinc mentre
que estimula l'expressió d'importadors de zinc. L'expressió dels importadors de zinc de la
xarxa Trans-Golgi és estimulada per GSPE. A més a més, GSPE bloqueja la inducció de
l'expressió de MTs per la citoquina proinflamatoria IL-6, pel generador de ROS tBOOH, per
l'agonista de receptors de glucocorticoids dexametasona, i pels metalls coure i zinc.
EGCG reprodueix els efectes de GSPE sobre l'homeòstasi del zinc en HepG2, reprimint
l'expressió de MTs i d'exportadors de zinc, estimulant l'expressió d'importadors de zinc, i
UNIVERSITAT ROVIRA I VIRGILI
EFFECTS OF DIETARY CATECHINS AND PROANTHOCYANIDINS ON ZINC HOMEOSTASIS IN HEPATIC CELLS
Isabel Maria Quesada
ISBN:978-84-694-1258-9/DL:T-322-2011
inhibint l'acumulació de zinc intracel·lular i la toxicitat de dosis elevades de zinc. La
procinidina dimèrica B1 i la trimèrica C1 es comporten tenen efectes contraris als de GSPE i
EGCG pel que fa a l'expressió de MT i l'acumulació de zinc total en cèl·lules HepG2.
Pel que fa al zinc làbil citoplasmàtic, la minúscula fracció del total del zinc cel·lular que
modula múltiples vies metabòliques i senyalitzadores, tant GSPE com EGCG i C1 eleven en
gran manera els nivells de zinc làbil detectable per Zinquin a cèl·lules HepG2.
Experiments amb ratolins KO per SHP o per FXR han demonstrat que GSPE reprimeix
l'expressió postprandrial de gens MT a fetge per una via que no depen de SHP però que és
depenent de FXR. A més, l'àcid biliar CDCA, un lligand fisiològic i activador de FXR,
reprimeix l'expressió de gens MT a cèl·lules HepG2. Per tant, els gens MT són diana de FXR
i, conseqüentment, FXR apareix com un receptor nuclear que modula l'homeòstasi del zinc.
Per explicar aquests resultats, proposem que catequines i procianidines poden actuar tant
com a segrestadors de zinc -evitant la seva entrada a la cèl·lula a través dels transportadors
de zinc de membrana plasmàtica-, com d'ionòfors de zinc -cotransportant cations zinc a
través de la bicapa lipídica i incrementant així els nivells de zinc làbil citoplasmàtic. La
repressió de gens MT induïda per l'activació de FXR per GSPE podria també contribuir a
l'increment de zinc làbil, en impedir que els cations zinc siguin segrestats per apo-tioneïna
sintetitzada de novo.
Donat el paper del zinc làbil com a modulador de múltiples víes de senyalització i
metabòlics, formulem la hipòtesi que la quelació extracel·lular de cations de zinc i l'elevació
de zinc làbil citoplasmàtic són mecanismes subjacents a l'activitat biològica de catequines i
procianidines i, per tant, que les vies metabòliques i de senyalització afectades pel zinc làbil,
ho seràn també per aquests flavonoids.
Effects of dietary catechins and proanthocyanidins on zinc homeostasis in
hepatic cells.
Catechins and their polymers procyanidins are health-promoting flavonoids found in edible
vegetables and fruits. They act as antioxidants by scavenging reactive oxygen species and
by chelating the redox-active metals iron and copper. They also behave as signaling
molecules, modulating multiple cell signaling and metabolic pathways and gene expression,
including that of antioxidant enzymes. Previous results of the Nutrigenomics Reseach Group
showed that an oral acute dose of a grape-seed procyanidin extract (GSPE) represses the
expression of the zinc-binding protein metallothionein (MT) genes in rat liver, and enhances
the expression of the orfan nuclear receptor small heterodimer partner (SHP/Nr0b2) (Del Bas
et al., 2005). In addition, it was shown that procyanidins act as transcriptional coactivators of
the nuclear bile acid receptor Farnesoid X Receptor (FXR), which in turns upregulates SHP
expression, thereby exerting an hypotrygliceridemic effect (Del Bas et al., 2008; Del Bas et
al., 2009).
The objectives of this Ph.D. Thesis were to determine whether catechins and procyanidins
interact with the redox-inactive metal zinc, to evaluate their effect on zinc homeostasis in
hepatic cells -including the expression of MT genes, used here as a biomarkers of
procyanidin activity in hepatic cells-, and to disect the mechanisms by which procyanidins
affect cellular zinc homeostasis, in particular to asses whether MT genes are targets of SHP
and FXR.
Our results show that GSPE, as well as individual catechins and procyanidins tested,
including the green tea flavonoid (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), bind zinc cations in
solution with higher affinity than the zinc-specific chelator Zinquin. In human
hepatocarcinoma HepG2 cells, GSPE inhibits intracellular zinc accumulation and counteracts
the toxic effects of excess zinc on cell viability. At the mRNA expression level, GSPE
downregulates MTs and zinc-efflux transporters while upregulating zinc-influx transporters.
Zinc importers of the Trans-Golgi network are upregulated by GSPE. In addition, GSPE
blocks the induction of MTs expression by the proinflammatory cytokine IL-6, the ROS
generator tBOOH, the glucocorticoid receptor agonist dexamethasone, and the metals
copper and zinc.
EGCG reproduces the major effects of GSPE on zinc homeostasis in HepG2, downreguling
the expression of MTs and zinc-efflux transporters, while upregulating the expression of zincinflux
transporters, concomitantly inhibiting intracellular zinc accumulation and the toxicity of high zinc doses. Procyanidin dimer B1 and trimer C1 behave opposite to GSPE and EGCG
with regard to MT expression and intracellular zinc accumulation in HepG2 cells.
Concerning cytoplasmic labile zinc, the tiny fraction of total cellular zinc that modulates
signaling and metabolic pathways, we found that GSPE, EGCG and trimeric procyanidin C1
greatly elevate Zinquin-detectable labile zinc in HepG2 cells.
Experiments with SHP-null and FXR-null mice demonstrate that GSPE downregulates
postprandial expression of MT genes in the liver, in a SHP-independent but FXR-dependent
manner. In addition, chenodeoxycholic acid, a physiological ligand and activator of FXR,
represses the expression of MT genes in HepG2 cells. Thus, MT genes are targets of FXR
and, consequently, FXR is revealed as a modulator of zinc homeostasis.
To explain these results, we postulate that catechins and procyanidis may act both as
sequestrants of zinc -thereby impeding the entrance of zinc cations to the cell through
plasma membrane zinc transporters-, and as zinc ionophores -thereby cotransporting zinc
cations through the lipid bilayer and increasing the levels of cytoplasmic labile zinc.
Repression of MT expression by procyanidin-activated FXR might also contribute to the
increment of the labile pool of zinc, by hindering the sequestration of zinc-cations by de novo
synthesized apo-thionein.
Given the role of labile zinc as modulator of multiple intracellular signaling and metabolic
pathways, we forward the hypothesis that extracellular complexation of zinc cations and
subsequent elevation of cytoplasmic labile zinc may be relevant mechanisms underlying the
health-promoting activity of catechins and procyanidins and, therefore, that the signaling and
metabolic pathways modulated by labile zinc will be aslo a target of these flavonoids.
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Kafley, Suvash. "Distribution of catechins, epicatechins and methylxanthines in caffeinated and decaffeinated green tea." Online version, 2008. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2008/2008kafleys.pdf.
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Nigro, Paola. "Giuseppe Maria Galanti e gli inediti sull’Abruzzo. Lettere, catechismi e relazioni tra progetti di riforma e Illuminismo." Doctoral thesis, Universita degli studi di Salerno, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10556/2405.
Full textAbstract:
2012 - 2013The object of the doctoral thesis, archival and philological topic, conduces to a double level of exegesis, treating on transcription and analysis of handwritten papers Corpus on Abruzzo of Giuseppe Maria Galanti’s, one of the greatest exponents of the Neapolitan Enlightenment, lived between 1743 and 1806, in an historical period of great political changes. Galanti is also known to have been a student of the economist Antonio Genovesi which continued and innovated the reform program, holding important positions within the administrative structure of the Naples Kingdom, which enabled him to analyze the conditions and the role of the provinces, engaging his life with great uprightness in a route of deep knowledge of reality and the design of reforms that led the South moving away from the state of backwardness and heading towards modernization. The work is centered on the documents of Faldone or Cartella Abruzzo, organized in 15 dossiers, moving from private Archive of the Author's home in Santa Croce del Sannio (today Benevento, before Molise) and actually in the Fondo Galanti of Historical Archive of Campobasso with provisional numbering 13. It’s a patchwork of heterogeneous documents consisting mainly of: autograph and anonymous letters, memories, notes, news, travel journals, selve, catechismi and relations that contribute to the historical-philological reconstruction of a segment of the work of Galanti, who was an economist, historian, philosopher, memoirist, politician, writer, traveler, as well as cultural operator, publisher and founder of the Società Letteraria and Tipografica, attentive to the cultural developments not only Italian, but also European, so as to promote circulation in the Kingdom of the Enlightenment’s ideas and principles through translations and editions. The time span of the research is to revolve primarily around the 90s of the eighteenth century, ranging within a dense network of various papers, conveying handwritings and different content and sometimes titles, dating and doubtful assignments, which have been reconstructed thanks to close connection between the sources and autograph and not autograph documents and among the works published ante and post mortem of the Author. The Fondo Galanti consists of 21 folders for a total of 8000 papers regarding the time span of 40 years of the Author's life, starting from the famous Lettera filosofica of 1761 up to the Ultime memorie of 1799-1806. Specifically the documents of Cartella Abruzzo, whose contents belong on the natural state, political, social, economic, fiscal, demographic and lifestyle of the three provinces of Abruzzo: Teramo, Chieti and L'Aquila, in addition to containing Bozza di una relazione per la Marca di Ancona, were appropriately microfilmed under a previous editorial project of critical edition of the while Corpus of Galanti’s works, supported in the first phase from professors Gabriele De Rosa and Augusto Placanica, and then from professors Pasquale Alberto De Lisio, Sebastiano Martelli and Francesco Barra. It was later made an analytical register of the papers by explanatory summaries of the main content, feature naming and numbering indication of the manuscripts; the selection of materials to be transcribed and analyzed was then evaluated as a result of a “collation” between published and unpublished documents. It was decided as well to transcribe unknowns manuscripts by the scholars and displaying them in a rich Appendix accompanied by a Note to the text in which the conservative and linguistic choices were indicated. After a detailed study of primary and secondary literature sources, it’s preferred not to focus the work on the documents relating to Teramo, already abundantly treated in the works of the historian Vincenzo Clemente, but rather on those that describe the natural, economic and social state of Chieti and L'Aquila, through letters, "catechismi” and relations, with the aim of integrating the critical work already done by other scholars of the Abruzzo region and providing new insights and critical historiographical survey of the South. The documents also analyzed for thematic and chronological units, turn out also of particular interest to understand the way in which, in the late eighteenth century, the reformism of Genovesi had penetrated the provinces of Naples, enabling them, thanks to the work of a group of great reformers, to keep alive a heated dialectic between peripherals reality and the central government, concerning public economics topics, through the activities of the Società Patriottiche established in Teramo in 1789. Sources have also revealed important to witness the systematic rewriting of the Author, the rearrangement in which his works were continually subjected and the intense activity of its correspondents: inspectors of the Department, administrators, citizens elected, tax lawyers, judges of Hearing, medium and large owners exponents of the radical progressive bourgeoisie and reforming how Delphic brothers, but also as Giacinto Dragonetti, Antonio Nolli, Vincenzo Minicucci, Giacinto Cipriani, etc. This suggests an analytical framework of extreme historical and economic interest, very useful for the purposes of historical debate and rather enlightening to enrich the already dense workshop historical studies on Galanti, known as the father of statistics, thanks to the variety of topics ranging from the quantitative data for statistical surveys (list of the number of marriages, murders, prisons), demographic trends and the state of tax collection in the provinces. It was also detected the element of "normalization" of eighteenth-century language and the process of "risemantizzazione" operated by economists on the Italian language it is to receive loanwords from foreign languages, latinisms, as well as typical entries of the bureaucratic language. It’s very interesting the specific writing forms of Galanti ranging from the use of selve, interpolations and notes to the manuscripts, of travel reports, objective and structured in a nominal and paratactic style and use of catechismi, questionnaires and forms sent to the local authorities, senior officials and priests of the territories visited. What we wanted to show in the thesis is how relevant was the work of Galanti, who in a time of strong political and social contrasts, where the provinces of Naples Kingdom, oppressed by feudal privileges, had rejected the rigid patterns of the tradition in the name of freedom of thought, of progress and "civilization", not hesitating to show a total membership to the calls of modern European culture and enlightenment, as well as the agronomic model of Marca anconetana face to conquer a new horizon of economic development, thanks to the rotation of crops, livestock and permanent upgrading of road infrastructure. The intellectual from Molise survey assumes an even more value by using an empirical and interdisciplinary approach in which come together: physical geography, historical and economic geography, demography, sociology, allowing it to mend the most significant part of an history of the South really oriented on the "interests of men." [edited by author]
XII n. s.
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Fontes, Alexander David. "Catequesis Familiar: A Program of New Evangelization and Life-long Catechesis for the Family and through the Family." Digital Commons at Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School, 2015. https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/etd/155.
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BURRO, MARTINA. "La "voce" dei catechisti. Concezioni di educazione implicite in alcune pratiche catechistiche nella Diocesi di Verona." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Verona, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11562/337733.
Full textAbstract:
La pratica catechistica nel corso dei secoli ha subito numerose trasformazioni e si
presentata sotto diverse forme e modalità; ciò in conseguenza del mutamento di scenario
storico, culturale, sociale e religioso, che ha condotto la comunità cristiano-cattolica a
rivedere le modalità di educare religiosamente gli adulti e le nuove generazioni.
Nell’antichità e nel medioevo, ad esempio, la responsabilità dell’annuncio cristiano è
stata affidata ai genitori, mentre con l’avvento della riforma tridentina il luogo
dell’annuncio cristiano è divenuto la chiesa, che si è avvalsa di figure religiose. Sarà poi
l’intervento del Concilio Vaticano II che rivaluterà il ruolo della famiglia nella
promozione dei fanciulli alla vita della comunità cristiana e nella trasmissione
dell’insegnamento religioso.
Ma su cosa si fondava la pratica catechistica in passato e in cosa consiste oggi? Quali
sono gli interrogativi e il significato che i catechisti oggi attribuiscono alla pratica
catechistica?
Un tentativo di risposta a tali interrogativi si ritrova nel presente lavoro, teso a
comprendere in cosa consista la catechesi oggi e cosa la differenzi dalle pratiche
catechistiche del passato; il lavoro è diretto ad indagare, inoltre, quale sia il significato
che, nel contesto sociale attuale, i catechisti attribuiscono alla loro pratica catechistica.
Una domanda che sembra accomunare coloro che si dedicano al servizio di catechesi
alle nuove generazioni è perchè la socializzazione religiosa dei minori, molto estesa
nell’infanzia e nella preadolescenza, subisca un crollo nell’adolescenza ed un
abbandono nell’età adulta. Nel tentativo di rispondere a tale questione, gli operatori di
catechesi concordano nel ritenere che le cause dell’abbandono nel tempo della pratica
religiosa da parte dei giovani risiedano sia nelle modalità con cui viene effettuata la
catechesi nell’infanzia e preadolescenza, sia nel poco interesse dimostrato dalle famiglie
nei confronti dell’esperienza religiosa. Questa preoccupazione, unita alla speranza di
riuscire a risolvere questo periodo di “crisi” della catechesi italiana, ha avviato un
processo, tuttora in atto, di revisione della pratica catechistica, non solamente a livello
metodologico e didattico, ma anche a livello istituzionale: accanto all’orientamento
tradizionale presente da anni nelle parrocchie italiane, la conferenza episcopale italiana
ha proposto da alcuni anni l’introduzione di forme di rinnovamento della pratica
catechistica alle nuove generazioni, tese a coinvolgere maggiormente famiglia,
comunità e ragazzi.
In questi ultimi anni, ancora, i catechisti sembrano chiedersi quale sia il significato della
loro pratica in un mondo di adulti ormai secolarizzato, il cui atteggiamento religioso
consiste nel ricorso alla ritualità straordinaria in occasione di momenti particolarmente
rilevanti nel corso della vita o di festività di speciale valore, oppure consiste in forme
private di appartenenza religiosa che contemplano forme non troppo impegnative di
vivere l’esperienza religiosa. I catechisti, infine, ritengono che i genitori tendano ad
allontanarsi dall’impegno dell’educazione religiosa dei propri figli e che i figli, di
conseguenza, godano di poca educazione familiare alla fede, che viene trasmessa
prevalentemente dalla catechesi in parrocchia.
Tutti questi fenomeni condizionano il lavoro degli operatori di catechesi, i quali si
interrogano sul significato della loro identità e del loro intervento, che talvolta a loro
sembra destinato ed essere inefficace. Secondo una ricerca nazionale effettuata dal
catecheta G. Morante e dal sociologo V. Orlando, i catechisti del terzo millennio
lamentano che il contesto sociale in cui le parrocchie catechizzano non conduce le
persone alla fede, né le sostiene lungo questo cammino; inoltre dichiarano la mancanza
di cammini di formazione spirituale, chiedono maggiori momenti di convivialità
parrocchiale per condividere l’esperienza della fraternità e della comunità, lamentano
l’incapacità di mettere in sintonia teoria e prassi.
Con il presente lavoro ci si propone, nella prima parte, di dare alcune indicazioni sulle
trasformazioni avvenute nella pratica catechistica dalle origini fino ad oggi,
ripercorrendone la storia e soffermandosi sulla dimensione della pratica catechistica nel
contesto contemporaneo; nella seconda parte si presenta la descrizione di una ricerca
empirica che è stata finalizzata ad esplorare le concezioni di fondo di educazione
implicite in alcune pratiche catechistiche nella diocesi veronese. La ricerca ha preso
avvio dallo studio e dall’analisi teorica del cambiamento della pratica catechistica, al
fine di comprendere maggiormente e in modo più concreto in cosa consista la pratica
catechistica oggi e quale significato i catechisti stessi attribuiscano alla loro pratica. E’
stata perciò svolta un’indagine empirica di tipo qualitativo con interviste in profondità
su un numero ristretto di catechisti appartenenti alla realtà della città e della provincia di
Verona, a seguito della quale è stato possibile ricavare alcune indicazioni utili per
comprendere come la pratica catechistica odierna, seppure con numerosi limiti, possa
essere considerata una pratica educativa umanizzante.
Sia la prima parte, quella teorica, sia la seconda parte, di ricerca empirica, sono state
suddivise in tre capitoli.
Il primo capitolo della prima parte, dal titolo Le pratiche catechistiche nella storia del
Cristianesimo, ripercorre la storia e l’evoluzione delle pratiche catechistiche nei secoli,
a partire dal “primo annuncio” del messaggio cristiano, sino a giungere ad esaminare la
pratica catechistica nel contesto contemporaneo.
Il secondo capitolo, La pratica catechistica nel contesto contemporaneo, analizza la
difficoltà della comunicazione religiosa e della pratica catechistica nella società
contemporanea, in un contesto sociale caratterizzato da fenomeni quali la
secolarizzazione, il pluralismo ideologico, culturale e religioso, che fa sì che la
trasmissione della fede non sia più un fatto quasi “ereditario”, trasmesso dal gruppo
sociale o da un’istituzione come patrimonio comune da affidare alle nuove generazioni
(come avveiva in tempo di cristianità), ma divenga una scelta libera dell’individuo.not available
50
Sheibani, Ershad. "Effects of water chemistry and panning on flavor volatiles and catechins in teas (Camellia sinensis)." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/71287.
Full textAbstract:
In the first experiment, effects of brewing time, chlorine, chloramine, iron, copper, pH and water hardness were investigated for their effects on extraction of epigallocatechine gallate (EGCG) and caffeine in green tea and oolong tea aqueous infusions. The extraction of EGCG and caffeine were lower when green tea was brewed in hard water compared to distilled water. Brewing green tea and Oolong tea in tap water resulted in higher extraction of caffeine but had no effect on EGCG compared to distilled water. The extraction of EGCG and caffeine were significantly increased (P<0.05) when green tea and Oolong tea were brewed in the chlorinated water at 4.0 mg free chlorine per liter.
The purpose of the second experiment was to optimize SDE conditions (solvent and time) and to compare SDE with SPME for the isolation of flavor compounds in Jin Xuan oolong tea using Gas Chromatography- Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and Gas Chromatography- Olfactrometry (GC-O). The concentration of volatile compounds isolated with diethyl ether was higher (P<0.05) than for dichloromethane and concentration was higher at 40 min (P<0.05) than 20 or 60 minutes. For SDE, 128 volatiles were identified using GC-MS and 45 aroma active compounds using GC-O. The number of volatiles identified using GC-MS was lower in SPME than SDE. For SPME, 59 volatiles and 41 aroma active compounds were identified. The composition of the volatiles isolated by the two methods differed considerably but provided complementary information.
The goal of the third experiment was to determine effects of panning on flavor volatile compositions of oolong using GC-MS and GC-O. Simultaneous Distillation and Extraction (SDE) and Solid Phase Microextraction (SPME) techniques were applied for extraction of volatiles in panned and unpanned teas. A total of 190 volatiles were identified from SDE and SPME extractions using GC-MS and GC-O. Trans-nerolidol, 2- hexenal, benzaldehyde, indole, gernaiol, and benzenacetaldehyde contents were significantly decreased (P<0.05) by panning; however, panning increased (P<0.05) contents of linalool oxide, cis jasmone, methyl salicylate in oolong tea. Overall, panning significantly changes the volatile compositions of the tea and created new aroma active compounds.Ph. D.