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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Catholic emancipation. Great Britain'
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Hegenbarth, Carly Louise. "Catholic emancipation and British print cultures, 1821-9." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2016. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/6857/.
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During the course of the Parliamentary debates about Catholic emancipation in 1829, around 120 original, single sheet prints were published in London on the topic of Catholic Relief, at which point it was almost the sole subject of visual satire. This was the first time in living memory that a debate around toleration and the relationship between temporal and spiritual authority had been conducted on such a wide reaching scale. On 3 February 1829 the King, George IV, the head of the Anglican Church, had introduced Roman Catholic Relief in his speech for the opening of the 1829 Parliamentary session. By 13 April 1829 an Act to grant Roman Catholics civil liberty was given Royal Assent, revoking laws that prevented non-Anglicans from holding public office. This had followed four failed attempts to introduce Catholic Relief in the 1820s which had also prompted satirical image making, but never on the same scale. This thesis analyses for the first time the extensive body of prints produced in 1821-9 that relate to debates around Relief and addresses the questions: why were images produced, why were they predominately single sheet etchings, and who was so interested in Catholic emancipation as to be buying them in such quantities?
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Clark, Michael. "Identity and equality : the Anglo-Jewish community in the post-emancipation era 1858-1887." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2006. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:75c397e5-552a-4308-817a-b7328bcf004e.
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This thesis examines the Anglo-Jewish community in the three decades following its so-called emancipation as legally equal citizens. Beginning with Lionel de Rothschild's entry into Parliament in 1858 and concluding with the Anglo-Jewish Exhibition's encomium to Jewish life of 1887, this era witnessed the reconceptualisation of Anglo-Jewish identity as the minority completely entered British society after centuries of marginalisation. This thesis focuses upon three interlinked case-studies of different strands of Jewish leadership as they experienced their new identity and numerous practical issues regarding everyday interaction: the first Jewish MPs; the representative Board of Deputies of British Jews; and the community's religious infrastructure. Through analysis and comparison of these elite groups this work explores questions of inter-faith and inter-ethnic dialogue, minority-majority relationships, acculturation, and subculture formation in late nineteenth-century Britain. It argues that Anglo-Jewry's emancipation was ambiguous; British acceptance was not neutral but carried reciprocal expectations. The community thus felt the dichotomy of Diasporic Jewish existence - being particularist in a universalist society - acutely in these years. Moving in tandem with British society forced many concessions from Jews' sectarian identity, the form and extent of which remained indeterminate as a result. The expected acculturation was forthcoming and the community fashioned itself a distinctive British variant of Jewish existence. However, this thesis contends that this was not always a forced or unpleasant experience. Many Jews willingly embraced aspects of British identity they appreciated. There were also numerous instances of the community being able to preserve its exceptionality. The British state and wider society showed a remarkable willingness to accommodate cases of Jewish particularity. This thesis demonstrates the tolerant nature of Britain's civil society (and indicates some of the boundaries to this), whilst also revealing the remarkable level of confluence between Anglo-Jewish and British ideals at this time. Fundamentally, it suggests, with some reservations, that Anglo-Jewry be viewed as an example of successful integration.
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Hodges, Sushmita. "Women and education : social feminism and intellectual emancipation in England and America." Virtual Press, 1989. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/720136.
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Social Feminism, as influenced by the Enlightenment, manifested itself between 1780 and 1860. An important aspect of social feminism was intellectual emancipation for women. Such intellectual emancipation came about through the blending of ideas emanating from prominent cultural and social centers in the western world. Women had been absorbing the reformist ideas of the Enlightenment philosophies, incorporating them into their own lines of thinking, and producing a social theory aiming at educational freedom for women. The individual efforts to initiate change in time reached beyond national boundaries through the pioneer social feminists' literary works and word of mouth. It is the intent of this dissertation to examine and analyze the linkage between the concept of social feminism and educational emancipation.The purpose of this research is to establish the significance of education as a major branch of social feminism within the context of the women's movement. To overcome language barriers that prevented research into other countries' women's movements, I have restricted this study to England and America and developed the concept of transatlantic feminism.Between 1780 and 1860 the women's "question" in England and America gained its theoretical foundations. Although there was no organized feminist movement, societies in both countries were being made conscious of the problems stemming from the subordinate status of women. This social awareness resulted from the tracts and discussions of certain male philosophers and of various exceptional females who focused on the question of women's rights and other related issues.The major emphasis during this early stage of the women's "question" was the issue of education as a vehicle for elevating the position of women. The education of available to women at that time was limited in nature. Training caring mothers was what social feminists protested against in their writings and discourses. Yet they understandably differed in their aims and formulas for change. Some spokeswomen, while accepting the societal status quo, promoted education as a means for women to recognize their moral superiority. There were yet others who demanded a "separate but equal" education so that women could exploit their full potential and, in some cases, assert their economic independence. All these social reformers, through their own unique experiences, also set examples for their contemporaries and future generations to follow.Despite some inconsistencies in their approaches to educational reform for women, almost all of the individual feminists discussed in this dissertation felt that intellectual emancipation would pave the way for improved social standing for women.Department of History
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Stanbridge, Karen A. "British Catholic policy in eighteenth-century Ireland and Quebec." Ottawa : Library and Archives Canada, 1999. http://www.nlc-bnc.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq31132.pdf.
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Pizzoni, Giada. "Economic and financial strategies of the British Catholic community in the age of mercantilism, 1672-1781." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/7783.
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This dissertation examines the British Catholic community during the Age of Mercantilism. It opens with John Aylward's trade in the early 1670s and closes with the death of Bishop Richard Challoner in the late eighteenth century. By investigating the economic and financial strategies of these individuals, this work dispels the stereotype of idle Catholicism and shows how the Catholic community played a relevant role in the emerging Atlantic economy. The work starts with an analysis of John Aylward's dealings during outbreaks of international warfare. His papers prove that Catholicism was crucial in his business, allowing the adoption of various strategies and access to diverse markets. As a merchant Aylward defies the stereotype of religious minorities' communality in trade, by moving beyond religious and national borders. Moreover, he challenges the stereotype of Catholicism as estranged from capitalism. The dissertation further continues with an analysis of his widow Helena Aylward, as merchant and financier. Her skills and strategies allow the extension of the narrative of enterprise and Catholicism to women as well, by challenging the prevailing role of Catholic women as patrons or nuns. Finally, the last chapter analyses the business accounts of Bishop Richard Challoner, Vicar Apostolic of the London Mission. His dealings exemplify how Catholicism played a relevant role in finance, both individually and institutionally. In fact, the British Catholic Church fundamentally sustained itself through the stock market. Therefore, this work proves that Catholics were entrepreneurs: they built coherent trading zones and through a broad range of Atlantic connections, moved beyond the borders of the European Empires. They disregarded religious affiliations and nationalities, suggesting that the new economic and financial opportunities of the Age of Mercantilism allowed the Catholic Community to integrate into the British economy and eventually to achieve toleration.
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Jezierski, Rachael A. "The Glasgow Emancipation Society and the American Anti-Slavery Movement." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2011. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/2641/.
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This study reinterprets the history of the Glasgow Emancipation Society and its relationship to the American anti-slavery movement in the nineteenth century. It examines the role of economics, religion and reform, from Colonial times up to the US Civil War, in order to determine its influence on abolition locally and nationally. This thesis emphasizes the reformist tendencies of the Glasgow abolitionists and how this dynamic significantly influenced their adherence to the original American Anti-Slavery Society and William Lloyd Garrison. It questions the infallibility of the evangelical response to anti-slavery in Scotland, demonstrating how Scottish-American ecclesiastical ties, and the preservation of Protestant unity, often conflicted with abolitionist efforts in Glasgow. It also focuses on the true leaders of GES, persons often ignored in historical accounts concerning Scottish anti-slavery, which explains the motivation and rational behind the society’s zealous attitude and proactive policies. It argues that similar social, political and religious imperatives that affected the American movement likewise mirrored events in Scotland influencing Glaswegian anti-slavery. Lastly, it resurrects the legacy of the Glasgow Emancipation Society from its provincial role, showing it was, in fact, a leader in the British campaign against American slavery.
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Wheeler, Carol Ellen. "Every man crying out : Elizabethan anti-Catholic pamphlets and the birth of English anti-Papism." PDXScholar, 1989. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3959.
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To the Englishmen of the sixteenth century the structure of the universe seemed clear and logical. God had created and ordered it in such a way that everyone and everything had a specific, permanent place which carried with it appropriate duties and responsibilities. Primary among these requirements was obedience to one's betters, up the Chain of Being, to God. Unity demanded uniformity; obedience held the universe together. Within this context, the excommunication of Elizabeth Tudor in 1570 both redefined and intensified the strain between the crown and the various religious groups in the realm. Catholics had become traitors, or at least potential traitors, with the stroke of a papal pen.
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Flegg, Columba Graham. "The Catholic Apostolic Church : its history, ecclesiology, liturgy and eschatology." Thesis, n.p, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/.
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James, Serenhedd. "Archbishop George Errington (1804-1886) and the battle for Catholic identity in nineteenth-century England." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.669952.
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Taouk, Youssef, University of Western Sydney, of Arts Education and Social Sciences College, and School of Humanities. "The Roman Catholic church in Britain during the First World War : a study in political leadership." THESIS_CAESS_HUM_Taouk_Y.xml, 2003. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/758.
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The political influence of British Catholics in First World War Britain has been a neglected aspect of British history. This thesis aims to address this deficiency by focusing precisely on the political role played by leading Roman Catholics in Britain during the conflict. This work concentrates on leading Catholic clergy, laymen and the British Catholic press. It demonstrates that the majority of leading Catholics were guided by an excessive nationalism which had two consequences. Firstly, British Catholics supported the war effort and the British government almost unquestionably. Secondly, most leading Catholics failed to give their full support to the Pope and repudiated his efforts to facilitate a negotiated peace. The thesis is based upon research into a wide array of primary material located in archives in the United Kingdom and Ireland. It depends heavily on the private correspondence of the Catholic hierarchy and leading Catholic politicians and publicists. In addition, it includes a survey of the Catholic press of the period, since it manifested the relationship between the leading Catholic clergy and laity, and the rest of British society.Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
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Taouk, Youssef. "The Roman Catholic church in Britain during the First World War a study in political leadership /." View thesis, 2003. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20040701.164232/index.html.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Western Sydney, 2003."A thesis presented to the University of Western Sydney in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, June, 2003." Includes bibliographical references.
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Finlay, Katherine. "British Catholic identity during the First World War : the challenge of universality and particularity." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2004. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:d1a75a0b-7fe3-42d3-8222-12be3a9f3110.
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This thesis looks at ways in which the British Catholic Church confronted the issue of Catholic unity and authority during the First World War. In a period when it was already attempting to articulate its position in relationship to the establishment and in the context of their Catholicity, the First World War offered the British Catholic Church both added difficulties and increased opportunity to express its position. For Catholics, the claim of universality was not only that they were the Church Universal in the sense that they were a supra-national church but that their Church was complete. Catholics argued that the Church was held together as a body united by and under the authority of Christ, the pontiff of Rome and the traditions maintained and accepted by the Church. These factors made it necessary for Catholics not only to make evident the advantage of their practices but to demonstrate that the fullness of the Church in its sacraments, doctrines and structure was neither in internal religious conflict nor fragmented by political or cultural differences; in short, that it was in itself complete. In the context of a world war in which Catholics were fighting one another and an unresolved political situation in Ireland, maintaining this position was both complicated and yet vital to the Catholic understanding of unity, authority and universality. In this thesis are analysed some of the ways in which the British Catholic Church addressed these challenges of self-definition.
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Shuttlesworth, William T. (William Theron). "Lord Acton and the Liberal Catholic Movement, 1858-1875." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1987. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500577/.
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John Dalberg Acton, a German-educated historian, rose to prominence in late Victorian England is an editor of The Rambler and a leader of the Liberal Catholic Movement. His struggle against Ultramontanism reached its climax at the Vatican Council, 1869-1870, which endorsed the dogma of Papal Infallibility and effectively ended the Liberal Catholic Movement. Acton's position on the Vatican Decrees remained equivocal until the Gladstone controversy of 1874 forced him to take a stand, but even his statement of submission failed to satisfy some Ultramontanists. This study, based largely on Acton's published letters and essays, concludes that obedience to Rome did not contradict his advocacy of freedom of conscience, which also placed limits on Papal Infallibility.
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Kakooza, Michael Mirembe. "Mid-Victorian weekly periodicals and anti-Catholic discourse 1850-60 : ideology and English identity." Thesis, University of Wales Trinity Saint David, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.683162.
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Bastow, Sarah L. "Aspects of the history of the Catholic gentry of Yorkshire from the Pilgrimage of Grace to the First Civil War." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2002. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/4675/.
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This study looks at the responses of the Yorkshire Catholic gentry to the immense changes to their religious landscape in the early modem period, between 1536 and 1642. It examines how they continued to adhere to the Catholic religion, despite all attempts first to induce and then compel conformity and highlights the ways in which they managed to survive and prosper throughout the period, demonstrating that previously neglected groups such as women and younger sons had a crucial role to play in this process. The overwhelming theme to their actions was one of pragmatism, rather than the heroic and self-destructive behaviour that was much admired by earlier historians who wanted to identify martyrs to the Catholic cause. The areas that are to be examined reflect both public and private gentry activities. In the public sphere the Yorkshire gentry's part in the rebellions of the Tudor and Stuart eras are studied along with their rejection of plots. The importance of marriage as an early modem tool for building alliances and social advancement is acknowledged and the impact that a continuing adherence to Catholicism had on this is considered. The gentry and the church are examined through a study of the Catholic gentry's involvement with their local parishes, their reaction to the dissolution and their continuing adherence to monasticism, as shown through their devotion to English orders on the continent. To reflect the changes that were occurring in this period Catholic involvement in education, the law and medicine are also explored showing that the Catholic community was not isolated from the wider society. Lastly the role of Catholic women is given specific consideration in order both to redress the imbalance in previous studies and due to the crucial role that women played in the continuation of the Catholic community within Yorkshire.
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Rankin, Mark. "Imagining Henry VIII cultural memory and the Tudor king, 1535-1625 /." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1179496104.
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Thompson, William Keene. "Local Reception of Religious Change under Henry VIII and Edward VI: Evidence from Four Suffolk Parishes." PDXScholar, 2012. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/803.
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From the second half of Henry VIII's reign through that of his son Edward VI, roughly 1530 through 1553, England was in turmoil. Traditional (Catholic) religion was methodically undermined, and sometimes violently swept away, in favor of a biblically based evangelical faith imported and adapted from European dissenters/reformers (Protestants). This thesis elucidates the process of parish-level religious change in England during the tumultuous mid sixteenth century. It does so through examining the unique dynamics and complexities of its local reception in a previously unstudied corner of the realm, the Suffolk parishes of Boxford, Cratfield, Long Melford, and Mildenhall. This thesis asserts that ongoing alterations in religious policy under Henry VIII and Edward VI reflected an evolution in both governmental tactics and local attitudes toward the locus of religious authority. Contrary to the view that the Reformation was done to the English people, the parish-level evidence investigated herein shows that, at least in Suffolk, the reformation was only accomplished with their cooperation. Furthermore, it finds that while costly, divisive, and unpopular in many parts of England, religious change was, for the most part, received enthusiastically in these four parishes. Two types of primary sources inform the historical narrative and analysis of this thesis. First, the official documents of religious reform initiated by the crown and Parliament tell the story of magisterial reformation, from the top down. Second, the often-mundane entries found in churchwardens' accounts of parish income and expenditure illuminate the individual and communal dynamics involved in implementing religious policy on the local level, from the bottom up. As agents operating between the distinct spheres of government authority and local interest, this study finds that churchwardens wielded significant power in the mediation of religious policy. The churchwardens' accounts are also supplemented throughout by analysis of selected parishioners' wills, which provide insight into personal beliefs of key individuals and hint at the formation of early religious affinity groupings within parishes. Chapter One summarizes the development of the pre-Reformation Sarum liturgy, its Eucharistic theology, and its relation to the late-medieval doctrine of purgatory. It also describes the richly decorated interiors of pre-Reformation English parish churches and their function as centers of community spiritual life. This provides a gauge through which to understand the extensive changes wrought to church liturgy and fabric during the Reformation. Chapter Two focuses on the unsettled nature of religious policy during the second half of Henry VIII's reign and how it set the stage for more severe changes to come. Chapters Three and Four examine the reign of Edward VI, which saw the most radical efforts at evangelical reform ever attempted in England. In these three chapters, official changes in religious policy are interwoven with analysis of local reaction in the four Suffolk parishes, revealing some surprising local responses and initiatives. The conclusion presents a summary of the historical narrative and analysis presented in the preceding chapters, suggests possibilities for further research, and offers closing thoughts about the local experience of negotiating religious change during this period.
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Hanna, Margaret A. (Margaret Ann). "Benjamin West's St. Paul Shaking the Viper from his Hand After the Shipwreck: Altarpiece of 1789 and Designs for Other Decorative Works in the Chapel of St. Peter and St. Paul, The Royal Naval College, London." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1995. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc332489/.
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This thesis analyzes Benjamin West's altarpiece St. Paul Shaking the Viper from His Hand After the Shipwreck and his designs for thirty-three related artworks in the Royal Naval College Chapel, Greenwich, England, as a synthesis of the major influences in his life and as an example of both traditional and innovative themes in his artistic style of the late eighteenth century. This study examines West's life, the Greenwich Chapel history, altarpiece and decorative scheme, and concludes that the designs are an example of West's stylistic flexibility and are related thematically to his Windsor Royal Chapel commission.
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Hudson, Alison. "Æthelwold's circle, saints' cults, and monastic reform, c.956-1006." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.669730.
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Lamontagne, Kathryn Graham. "Unconventional religiosity: modes of lay Catholic womanhood in Britain, c. 1880-c. 1920." Thesis, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/41572.
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The experiences of Catholic lay women after Emancipation are largely absent from the historical narrative in England, in part, due to their portrayal in popular culture as especially passive and submissive to assumed patriarchal and hierarchical controls from the Church. Yet during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, an ostensibly patriarchal religion became a locus of empowerment for some women. In this dissertation, I posit that the Catholic Church could be a place for expressions of unconventional religiosity and reinterpretations of Catholic “True Womanhood” and domesticity. I show that in some cases, personal interpretations of Catholic womanhood demonstrated slippages of the True Woman trope, reflecting contemporary influences like the New Woman and modernity, yet all were underpinned by a devout faith.
I argue that the Catholic faith provided a space for some women to assert themselves in the private and public spheres in ways previously unnoted in scholarship, due to their gender or faith. This dissertation will address this significant lacuna in the scholarship by tracing the work and lives of four exceptional lay Catholic women – Margaret Fletcher, Maude Petre, Mabel Batten and Radclyffe Hall. The lives of these women demonstrate that there were Catholic women living unconventional and often unorthodox lives while exemplifying striking examples of pious Catholicism. For some, conversion to Catholicism was itself a radical choice, demonstrating an atypicality of belief and action that was echoed in other areas of their lives. A conjunction of the themes of marriage, domesticity, religion, gender, class, conversion, and sexuality informs my discussion of how these four remarkable women powerfully asserted aspects their faith while transgressing boundaries traditionally assumed for lay Catholic women. By drawing from privately held collections, as well as numerous archives, this dissertation uses the examples of these four women of unconventional religiosity in the
years c.1880-c.1920 to provide rare evidence of the often hidden lives of lay Catholic women in England.2022-10-30T00:00:00Z
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Wickham, Theodora H. "Preaching before princes a study of some sixteenth century sermons preached before the monarch during the Tudor era /." 2007. http://adt.waikato.ac.nz/public/adt-uow20071214.104003/index.html.
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Mitras, Joao Luis. "Postmodern or post-Catholic? : a study of British Catholic writers and their fictions in a postmodern and postconciliar world." Diss., 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/18636.
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This thesis is an investigation into the nature of the 'postmodern' narrative strategies and fictional
methods in the work of two British Catholic writers. The work of David Lodge and Muriel Spark is
here taken as an example ofthe 'Catholic novel'. In order to determine ifthe overlap ofpostmodern.
and Christian-influenced narrative strategies constitutes more than a convergence or coincidence of
formal concerns, narrative form in these novels is analyzed in the light of neo-Tho mist and Tho mist
aesthetics, a traditional Catholic Christian theory of the arts. The 'postmodern' in these 'Christian'
texts becomes largely a coincidence of terminology. Narrative forms which can be classified as
'postmodern' can also be categorized using the terminology of Thomas Aquinas. The apparent
similarities betray radically divergent metaphysical presuppositions, however. The nature of the
Catholic 'difference' lies in the way postmodern forms are used to challenge the metaphysical
bases of those forms.English Studies
M.A. (English)