Academic literature on the topic 'Catholic schools – Quebec (Province)'

The education system in Quebec has found itself at the center of the debates about secularism since the 1960s. Embedded in broader academic debates about processes of secularization and deconfessionalization of state institutions, religious diversification of society, and reconfiguration of Catholicism, this article aims to analyze how private Catholic schools in post-Catholic Quebec respond to the challenges posed by the secularizing pressures of the state, and the religious diversification of their target populations. Based on a qualitative case study conducted in two private-partially-publicly-funded Catholic or Catholic-oriented high schools (one Anglophone, one Francophone) in Quebec, we argue that the different approaches observed result from the different processes of internal secularization that these two schools have gone through. We draw on Steve Bruce’s notion of “cultural defense” and David Martin’s conceptualization of different trajectories of secularization to interpret these results.

The mission of Catholic schools is linked to the evangelizing thrust of the Church in proclaiming Christ to the world to transform society. However, most Catholic institutions nowadays are confronted with issues on the deterioration of values, migration of qualified teachers to public schools, and decline in enrolment, posing threats to the Catholic identity and mission, operational sustainability, and quality of teaching and learning. To address these problems, the Catholic Educational Association of the Philippines (CEAP) developed the Philippine Catholic Schools Standards (PCSS) to help these schools in the country revisit and re-examine their institutional practices according to the identity and mission of the Catholic Church. Hence, this paper assessed the quality of Catholic education of diocesan schools in the Province of Antique in the light of Catholic identity and mission, leadership and governance, learner development, learning environment, and operational vitality domains of PCSS. Also, it sought to find out whether a significant relationship exists between the age, sex, length of service, and designation of assessors and their quality assessment on Catholic education.

Since the Quiet Revolution, Quebec has significantly transformed its relationship to Catholicism. Some commentators have even gone as far as discussing an increasingly important secularization within the province. Yet, an examination of the main indicators of religiosity in Quebec provides evidence for the permanence of a certain cultural Catholicism. However, this cultural Catholicism is tending to gradually fade over time, giving place to the reconfiguration of the regime of religiosity. Meanwhile, in the rest of Canada, Catholicism tends to grow, primarily due to the immigrant population in recent years. In this general context, is Quebec still a “Catholically distinct” society? To answer this question, the authors use a series of logistic models to examine the main determinants of Catholic affiliation and Mass attendance. Age, place of birth and mother tongue emerge as principal determinants of religious affiliation and practice. Based on the findings from these models, the authors show that Quebec remains a Catholically distinct society in comparison with other Canadian regions. However, the gap between this province and the rest of Canada seems to have been increasingly fading, at least over the last thirty years.

The Quebec population descends in most part from French immigrants who settled in the St Lawrence River valley during the seventeenth century. However, people from other European origins have also contributed to the early settlement of the Canadian province. By means of genealogical data spanning more than three centuries, this study aimed to measure the contributions of English and Scottish immigrants to the peopling of the Quebec regions. More than 5,000 genealogies were reconstructed using the BALSAC population database. These genealogies span more than ten generations on average. Immigrants of each origin were identified and linked to all their descendants in the genealogical samples. Results show that English and Scottish founders appear in the genealogies of all Quebec regions, although in different proportions. These founders and/or their descendants were integrated into the predominant French Catholic population during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.

Guidance and counseling is a crucial concern today to aid the educational, vocational, and psychological potentials of the students for optimum achievement and adequate adjustment in the varied life situations. The primary purpose of a school's guidance and counseling program is to provide a broad spectrum of services to students, such as student assessment, the information service, placement and follow-up, and counseling assistance. Hence, this study intended to determine the extent of implementation of guidance services in Catholic schools in selected Diocesan Catholic Schools in Antique during the Academic Year 2019-2020. Likewise, it identified the challenges encountered by school personnel and students in implementing school guidance services. The study's findings were used as a baseline to develop a proposed program for the enhancement of the implementation of basic guidance services in Diocesan Catholic schools.

With Quebec’s croix de chemin (wayside crosses) as a jumping off point, I explore the importance of heritage creation as the province transitioned away from pre-Vatican II Catholicism in the 1960s and 1970s. I include two ‘sites of memory’: fieldwork with contemporary cross caretakers and archival materials from a major government-funded inventory of the crosses in the 1970s. Heritage professionals have generally implied that Catholic objects lose their sacred meaning to become objects of nation-building, while caretakers view them as still-active objects of devotional labour. Regardless, I find that both parties view themselves as laying claim to “modern” ways of interacting with religious objects, while also assuming that a cohesive national identity rests in part on promoting a rural Catholic past. More broadly, I argue that neither side can be fully understood without attention to the convergence of three trends in the 1960s and 1970s: Quebecois and other emergent nationalisms, Catholic liberalization, and the rise of an international heritage industry.

Once a religiously vibrant society, today Quebec is in the midst of a transition in its religious identity. Yet, the landscape of Quebec still preserves the marks of its perhaps more religious past. In other words, churches stand out in the contemporary panorama of the province. However, the lack of support by an active community has meant that many churches closed or face the threat of closure. Those religious groups that remain struggle to save their places of worship. The faithful of Parishville, both Catholic and Protestant, are no exception. This article explores the narratives of three religious groups (Anglican, United Church and Catholic) about an abandoned building that was once a church and then a Masonic Temple. Through our exploration of the aesthetic and material dimensions of the Masonic Temple we reveal aspects of the contemporary struggle of religious groups to survive as well as the fears, tensions and problems associated with this struggle. As it turns out, the Masonic Temple is a sort of ghostly presence, reminding the Protestant and Catholic parishioners of Parishville their own religious decline—the end of their building and the end of their faith.1

Background: In contrast with 56% of US medical schools, most Canadian medical schools do not offer a required clerkship neurology rotation. This study aims to assess the need for additional clinical neurology training in Quebec medical schools. Methods: Third and fourth year medical students from the province of Quebec completed surveys inquiring about accumulated theoretical teaching time, clinical neurology exposure, self-reported neurological examination proficiency and interest in additional training. Results: 66 students answered the survey. 43% were from Université de Montréal, 18 % from McGill University, 14% from Université Laval and 24% from Université de Sherbrooke. For theoretical teaching, 44% reported at least 60 hours (h) of teaching, 44% reported 40 to 60 h and 23% reported 10 to 40 h. For clinical exposure, 24% reported at least 60 h, 8% reported 40 to 60 h, 40% reported 10 to 40 h and 29% reported less than 10 h. Most students reported being comfortable with their neurological examination skills (58%) but still 41% were uncertain or felt uncomfortable. 80% indicated interest in receiving additional clinical exposure. Conclusions: Amongst Quebec medical students, clinical neurology exposure is likely insufficient. An important proportion of students remain uncomfortable with the neurological examination and most students are interested in additional neurological training.

AbstractObjectiveWe investigated the association between junk food consumption at lunchtime (JCL) and fast-food outlet access near school among secondary-school children in Quebec.DesignA geographic information system database was used to characterize the food environment around a sub-sample of 374 public schools in which 26 655 students were enrolled. The outcome variable was JCL during the previous week, dichotomized into low JCL (none or once)v. high JCL (twice or more). Access to fast-food outlets near school was assessed using an existing database of fast-food outlets in Quebec. Covariates included student (age, sex and self-rated perceived health), family (familial status and parental education) and school (urban/rural status and deprivation) variables. Hierarchical logistic regression models were employed for analyses using PROC GLIMMIX of SAS version 9.3.SettingProvince of Quebec, Canada.SubjectsWe used data from the Quebec Health Survey of High School Students (QHSHSS) 2010–11, a survey of secondary-school Quebec students.ResultsExposure to two or more fast-food outlets within a radius of 750 m around schools was associated with a higher likelihood of excess JCL (OR=1·50; 95 % CI 1·28, 1·75), controlling for the characteristics of the students, their families and their schools.ConclusionsThe food environment surrounding schools can constitute a target for interventions to improve food choices among secondary-school children living in the province of Quebec. Transforming environments around schools to promote healthy eating includes modifying zoning regulations that restrict access to fast-food outlets around schools.

Once called “the priest-ridden province,” the transformations brought about by the Quiet Revolution in the 1960s left the churches in Quebec deserted, while the idea of a secular Quebec became part of the public discourse about Quebec identity. Lacking the financial support of an active community, many Catholic churches were demolished or repurposed. They were thus transformed into residential or institutional spaces, entering what might be conceptualized as a secular order. Some churches managed to delay this major transformation by sharing their space with another religious community. This is the case of a Catholic church located in Montreal that we call Saint-Pierre’s Church. Today, the old building of Saint-Pierre’s Church accommodates two Christian communities: one is French-speaking Catholic and the other is Romanian Orthodox. At first glance, no tensions seem to trouble their coexistence. However, people’s perspectives of religious artifacts depict a slightly different image. Starting from participant observation and interviews carried out in 2016 and 2017 with members of both communities, we use the material religion framework to examine the power of materiality to invoke people’s emotions and to tell a story. The material religion framework allowed us to explore how the understanding of the shared place is linked to the dynamics and the contingencies of each community, and how the transformation of religious space happens in a rapidly changing context to which traditional majoritarian religion is attempting to adjust.

A growing body of both substantive and theoretical literature suggests that educational underachievement among certain ethnic groups is due to the cultural discontinuity between mainstream education and minority students. A pedagogy that both uses and reinforces the culture of ethnic minority students, implemented by ethnically similar teachers, is therefore thought to contribute to a more constructive school experience and strengthen the social and political status of the ethnic community as a whole. For this thesis, a group of Haitian educators working in Montreal area schools was interviewed to investigate the extent to which this approach is viewed as a potential solution to the low academic achievement of numerous Haitian students. Some evidence was found that culturally congruent education is, according to the experiences of some of the respondents, a potentially beneficial strategy to curtail educational inequality. In was generally argued, however, that this should be a limited, remedial strategy with little bearing on the communal survival of the Haitian community.

The political modernization of Quebec in the 1960s meant that the close identification of French Canadian identity with the Roman Catholic faith was replaced by a new secular nationalism. Using David Martin's A General Theory of Secularization, I examine the reaction of the Catholic Church to its own loss of power and to the rise of this new secular nationalism. Conservative Catholics first condemned the new nationalism; by 1969 some conservative accepted the new society and even supported its state interventionism. Most important Catholic groups, including the hierarchy, the most dynamic organizations, and largest publications came to accept the new society. Inspired by the religious reforms of the Second Vatican Council and new papal social teaching, they affirmed the right of Quebeckers to self-determination and social justice. The Church created a sustained ethical critique of nationalism as a means of redefining its public presence in Quebec society. The consensus around this ethical critique and redefinitions of the Church role is evident in the participation of Catholic groups in the 1980 referendum on sovereignty-association.

The purpose of this study was to examine the role of the secondary school principal in anglophone Quebec. A sample of eighteen experienced principals were interviewed in-depth about their role expectations, sources of role conflict, and their sense of ambiguity.
Role ambiguity appeared to be non-existent in the principalship. Expectations and conflicts were identified with regard to students, teachers, parents, community members, and principal's superiors. The principalship was clearly more a managerial than leadership role. Principals were responders to a series of problems and issues. They orchestrated responses. Instructional leadership was not a part of their role.

Adoptant une perspective sociolinguistique, cette étude a examiné les pratiques d’alternance des codes linguistiques chez cinq enseignants d’anglais langue seconde (ALS) du primaire 3ème cycle, dans des écoles francophones de la région de Québec. La recherche, qui a impliqué des études de cas, s’est centrée sur cinq questions : 1) le taux de français (L1) utilisé par les enseignants d’ALS; 2) les raisons pour lesquelles les enseignants ont utilisé la L1 dans leurs cours; 3) les points de vue des enseignants sur les facteurs qui ont influencé leur utilisation de la L1; 4) l’influence du choix de langue utilisée par les enseignants sur le choix de langue des élèves; 5) les perceptions des élèves sur leur propre utilisation des L1 et L2 ainsi que sur celle de leur enseignant. Les données ont été recueillies dans les classes à deux périodes d’observation au cours de l’année scolaire 2007-2008. Les données ont été obtenues à partir de quatre sources : les enregistrements vidéo des leçons observées, les rappels stimulés, un entretien final avec chaque enseignante et un questionnaire administré aux élèves. Les résultats suivants ressortent de cette recherche. D’abord, en contraste avec des études antérieures, celle-ci a opté pour une perspective de type emic dans laquelle on a demandé aux enseignantes d’identifier les raisons pour lesquelles elles utilisaient la langue première (L1), à partir des vidéo-clips de leurs leçons. Cette analyse fine a permis d’obtenir une compréhension plus nuancée de certaines raisons déjà invoquées dans les entretiens (ex : sauver du temps, fatigue, etc.), mais qui pourraient échapper à une analyse de type étic des leçons d’ALS. Entre autres, cette recherche a mis en évidence une stratégie non mentionnée auparavant dans d’autres études : c’est l’utilisation du time-out, qui remplissait une fonction de barrière symbolique pour préserver le caractère «anglais» de la classe d’ALS. Deuxièmement, cette étude étend la recherche à la variation individuelle d’usage de la L1 par les enseignants, peu fréquemment rapportée dans d’autres études. En contraste avec des études passées où la variation d’un enseignant à l’autre se limitait au facteur temps (Duff & Polio, 1990; Edstrom, 2006; Nagy, 2009a), cette étude-ci a exploré les raisons sous-jacentes à cette variation, contribuant du même coup à confirmer les résultats de quelques autres études (De la Campa & Nassaji, 2009; Rolin-Ianziti & Brownlie, 2002). Troisièmement, comme dans la recherche de Carless (2004), une enseignante de notre étude, Kora, se démarque des autres par le faible et constant taux d’utilisation de la L1 (moins de 1%). Elle vient appuyer ainsi l’assertion de ce chercheur sur le fait que les expériences, les croyances et les compétences des enseignants pourraient être un facteur plus significatif d’utilisation de la langue-cible que le niveau de compétence langagière des élèves. Le cas de Kora accrédite ces enseignants et chercheurs qui, à partir d’une perspective pédagogique (Carless, 2004b ; Chambers, 1991 ; Nagy, 2009a ; Turnbull, 2006), ont fait valoir le besoin de conscientiser davantage les enseignants sur les stratégies à leur portée pour augmenter l’usage de la langue cible dans la classe d’ALS. Quatrièmement, quant à l’influence qu’a le choix de langue des enseignants sur le choix de langue de leurs élèves, cette étude-ci élargit les résultats obtenus par Liu et al (2004) à un contexte culturel et scolaire très différent, soit l’enseignement de l’ALS dans le système scolaire francophone du Québec. Cinquièmement, comme les résultats du questionnaire le révèlent, malgré les niveaux relativement élevés d’utilisation de l’anglais dans leur cours, les élèves du primaire 3e cycle ne se sentent pas stressés outre mesure. Par contraste avec d’autres études centrées sur les perceptions des élèves face à l’utilisation de la L1 et de la L2 (Levine, 2003 ; Macaro & Lee, 2013 ; Rolin-Ianziti & Varshney, 2009), cette étude-ci a aussi examiné la perception des élèves sur l’utilisation de stratégies dans leurs classes. Les résultats ont montré que les élèves percevaient chez leurs enseignants le recours à des stratégies jusqu’à un certain degré, particulièrement en rapport avec l’usage d’éléments visuels. Cependant, ce qui a émergé plus fortement a été la perception des élèves sur leur propre utilisation de stratégies pour communiquer dans la langue cible. Finalement, d’un point de vue méthodologique, cette étude-ci apparaît comme la première à avoir analysé les pourcentages d’utilisation de l’anglais et du français à l’aide de procédés d’analyse de type digital. En effet, dans les études antérieures les chercheurs avaient recours au décompte des mots ou du temps avec un chronomètre - des procédés potentiellement plus exigeants et mange-temps. L’étude discute aussi des implications de la pratique d’alternance des codes linguistiques dans la salle de classe. De plus, elle apporte des suggestions quant à la recherche future.
Drawing on a sociolinguistic perspective, this study examined the code-switching practices of five elementary core ESL teachers (3rd cycle) in French-medium schools in the Québec City area. The study, which involved case studies, focused on five research questions: (1) the amount of French, the L1, used by the ESL teachers, (2) the reasons why the teachers used the L1 in their classes, (3) the teachers’ views concerning the factors that influenced their L1 use, (4) the influence of the teachers’ language choice on students’ language choice, (5) the students’ perceptions of their teachers and their own L1/L2 use. Data were collected over two different periods of observation in the teachers’ classrooms during the 2007-2008 academic year. Four main sources of data were obtained: videotaped recordings of the lessons observed, stimulated recalls, an end-of study interview with each teacher, and a student questionnaire. Amongst the findings, the following are of particular note. First, in contrast to past studies, the present study opted for an emic perspective in which teachers themselves were asked to identify the reasons for which they used the target language based on video clips of their lessons. This fine-grained analysis brought to light a more nuanced analysis notably with respect to certain reasons (e.g., saving time, fatigue) which, even if previously evoked in interviews, could elude inclusion in research etic-based analyses of lessons. Amongst other things, the present study brought to light one reason not previously mentioned in other studies, i.e., the use of time-outs which performed a symbolic boundary maintaining function to preserve the “Englishness” of the ESL classroom. Secondly, the present study extends research which has infrequently reported on individual variation amongst teachers with respect to L1 use within their own lessons. In contrast to past studies, where individual variation within teachers’ lessons has typically been confined to time (Duff & Polio, 1990; Edstrom, 2006; Nagy, 2009a), the present study contributes to those few studies (De la Campa & Nassaji, 2009; Rolin-Ianziti & Brownlie, 2002) which also pinpoint differences in the reasons for such variation amongst case study participants. Thirdly, as in Carless’ (2004) study, one teacher in the present study, Kora, stood out from the others in terms of having a consistently low rate of L1 use (less than 1%), thus thus underscoring his contention that the teacher’s experiences, beliefs and competencies may be a more significant factor in terms of target language use than the students’ level of language proficiency. The case of Kora lends credence to those teachers and researchers who have argued from a pedagogical perspective (Carless, 2004b; Chambers, 1991; Nagy, 2009a; Turnbull, 2006) for the need to enhance teachers’ awareness of the strategies which can be used to increase target language use in the second language classroom. Fourthly, with respect to the impact of the teacher's choice of language on that of the students', the present study extends Liu et al.’s (2004) findings through the analysis of a very different school cultural context involving ESL teaching in the French-medium school system within the province of Quebec. Fifthly, as revealed by the student questionnaire results, despite relatively high levels of English use in their classes, the Cycle 3 elementary grade students did not feel unduly stressed. In contrast to previous studies (Levine, 2003; Macaro & Lee, 2013; Rolin-Ianziti & Varshney, 2009) which have focused on students’ perceptions of teachers’ L1 and L2 use, the present study also examined the latter’s perception of strategy use within their classes. Results reveal that students perceived their teachers as using strategies to a certain degree, particularly in regard to the use of visuals. However, what emerged more strongly was students’ perception of themselves as using strategies to communicate in the target language. Finally, from a methodological point of view, this study appears to be the first to have analyzed percentages for the use of English and French using digital editing features. In past studies, researchers have typically resorted to word counts or timing with a stopwatch, procedures which can be more onerous and time-consuming. Implications for code-switching practices in the classroom as well as suggestions for future research are also discussed.

The evolution of the religious phenomenon can be organized into five overlapping historico-religious stages based on an analysis of concrete verifiable achievements. It delineates the religious and educational paradigms of each societal evolutionary stage as it considers that what applies to a society as a whole applies also to its education. Education plays an important role in the evolution of the world, and is directly affected by the changes of the image which human beings have of themselves. Religious maturing does not only take place in society but is also an integral part of any individual process of human development. The analysis of the various stages of personal religious development shows the inclusive nature of the religious development in any human educational enterprise. The study of the societal and individual process of religious maturing with the analysis of the contemporary tapestry of education and religious education stand as the various elements needed to formulate a critique of the current Quebec's secondary one Protestant moral and religious education curriculum. The significant role of teachers as active and necessary agents of pupils' maturing process emerges from the evaluation of the present curriculum.

The educational habits of Italians in the city of Montreal before the 1960's is a topic that has generally been neglected in the field of social and educational history. This thesis attempts to fill the void and also to identify areas where further research may be conducted. The thesis treats the educational habits of Italian children in the Catholic schools of Montreal between the years 1895 and 1960. The thesis looks at enrolment patterns and language instruction in the Catholic elementary schools of Montreal. It was found that language played an important role in Catholic schools frequented by Italian children. Italian children were educated in the English, French and Italian languages on and off from the beginning of the twentieth century to the late 1950's. Furthermore, a discernible shift in the attendance of Italian children from French to English Catholic schools occurred after World War II. So much so, that by the 1960's nearly 80% of Italian children were attending English Catholic schools.

The province of Québec (Canada) has adopted a series of legislation aimed at granting legal equality to all its citizens, regardless of sexual orientation. Despite a number of governmental and school-level policies and initiatives against homophobia, schools in the province remain heteronormative environments: homophobic comments are daily occurrences, sexual education classes have been abolished, and textbooks seldom include references to sexual diversity. This chapter critically discusses policies and strategies in education practice aimed at reducing and preventing homophobia and promoting an inclusive learning environment for LGBT students. It also presents the efforts undertaken by activists and scholars to challenge noninclusive education practices and to collectively promote equality for LGBT youth. With a strong backdrop of anti-bullying legislation, Quebec province is ahead of many in establishing parameters to fight homophobia but still lacks the concrete curricular and training tools to back these efforts in an effective and long-term manner.

A reaction against Falk’s school policy was inevitable when a Conservative belonging to the Pomeranian landowning nobility took over the Ministry of Education in July 1879. During his first months in office, Robert von Puttkamer made several highly publicized gestures to communicate to the nation his disapproval of the school reforms and his intention to end the Kulturkampf in the school system. In September 1879 he used the occasion of a reply to a petition signed by more than 400 priests in the dioceses of Miinster and Paderborn to announce a policy of reconciliation. He declared, “I wish nothing more fervently than to be able to grant to the clergy of the Christian churches an effective role in the supervision of the elementary school.” He pleaded with the Catholic clergy “not to succumb to the mistaken notion that the policy of the state is to be hostile or indifferent to the beneficial influence of the church on the instruction and moral and religious education of the youth.” Once their resistance to the May Laws ceased, he promised to reinstate them in their former local school inspection offices. Another signal of the oncoming reaction was Puttkamer’s dramatic intervention in the school conflict in Elbing, a city in the province of East Prussia, where the municipal council decided to organize an interconfessional school system in 1875. Ignoring the objections of the Catholic minority, city officials carried out the first phase of the reform in 1876 with the opening of four interconfessional schools for girls. The Catholic parents protested this change and the forthcoming merger of the confessional schools for boys in a petition addressed to Falk in April 1877. Their petition remained unanswered, and only after they renewed their appeal in February 1879 did the minister request a report from the district governor in Danzig. The report arrived in Berlin on July 28, apparently held back until after Falk left office. The district government informed the new minister that “the Catholics in Elbing harbor a great distrust toward the interconfessional school, which the city government itself has provoked because it has constantly shown a conspicuous contempt toward all demands made on the school system from a church and confessional standpoint.”