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Academic literature on the topic 'Cattedrale di Nardò (Nardò, Italy)'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 4 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Cattedrale di Nardò (Nardò, Italy)"

1

Vergine, Marzia, Joana B. Meyer, Massimiliano Cardinale, Erika Sabella, Martin Hartmann, Paolo Cherubini, Luigi De Bellis, and Andrea Luvisi. "The Xylella fastidiosa-Resistant Olive Cultivar “Leccino” Has Stable Endophytic Microbiota during the Olive Quick Decline Syndrome (OQDS)." Pathogens 9, no. 1 (December 31, 2019): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9010035.

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Xylella fastidiosa is a highly virulent pathogen that causes Olive Quick Decline Syndrome (OQDS), which is currently devastating olive plantations in the Salento region (Apulia, Southern Italy). We explored the microbiome associated with X. fastidiosa-infected (Xf-infected) and -uninfected (Xf-uninfected) olive trees in Salento, to assess the level of dysbiosis and to get first insights into the potential role of microbial endophytes in protecting the host from the disease. The resistant cultivar “Leccino” was compared to the susceptible cultivar “Cellina di Nardò”, in order to identify microbial taxa and parameters potentially involved in resistance mechanisms. Metabarcoding of 16S rRNA genes and fungal ITS2 was used to characterize both total and endophytic microbiota in olive branches and leaves. “Cellina di Nardò” showed a drastic dysbiosis after X. fastidiosa infection, while “Leccino” (both infected and uninfected) maintained a similar microbiota. The genus Pseudomonas dominated all “Leccino” and Xf-uninfected “Cellina di Nardò” trees, whereas Ammoniphilus prevailed in Xf-infected “Cellina di Nardò”. Diversity of microbiota in Xf-uninfected “Leccino” was higher than in Xf-uninfected “Cellina di Nardò”. Several bacterial taxa specifically associated with “Leccino” showed potential interactions with X. fastidiosa. The maintenance of a healthy microbiota with higher diversity and the presence of cultivar-specific microbes might support the resistance of “Leccino” to X. fastidiosa. Such beneficial bacteria might be isolated in the future for biological treatment of the OQDS.

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2

Girelli, Chiara Roberta, Laura Del Coco, Federica Angilè, Marco Scortichini, and Francesco Paolo Fanizzi. "Olive Cultivars Susceptible or Tolerant to Xylella fastidiosa Subsp. pauca Exhibit Mid-Term Different Metabolomes upon Natural Infection or a Curative Treatment." Plants 10, no. 4 (April 15, 2021): 772. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10040772.

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Xylella fastidiosa subsp. pauca, is a bacterial phytopathogen associated with the “olive quick decline syndrome” (OQDS) causing severe economic losses to olive groves in Salento area (Apulia, Italy). In a previous work, we analyzed by 1H-NMR the metabolic pattern of naturally infected Ogliarola salentina and Cellina di Nardò susceptible cultivars untreated and treated with a zinc-copper citric acid biocomplex and we observed the treatment related variation of the disease biomarker quinic acid. In this study, we focused also on the Leccino cultivar, known to exhibit tolerance to the disease progression. The 1H-NMR-based metabolomic approach was applied with the aim to characterize the overall metabolism of tolerant Leccino in comparison with the susceptible cultivars Ogliarola salentina and Cellina di Nardò under periodic mid-term treatment. In particular, we studied the leaf extract molecular patterns of naturally infected trees untreated and treated with the biocomplex. The metabolic Leccino profiles were analyzed for the first time and compared with those exhibited by the susceptible Cellina di Nardò and Ogliarola salentina cultivars. The study highlighted a specificity in the metabolic response of the tolerant Leccino compared to susceptible cultivars. These differences provide useful information to describe the defensive mechanisms underlying the change of metabolites as a response to the infection, and the occurrence of different levels of disease, season and treatment effects for olive cultivars.

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3

Girelli, Angilè, Del Coco, Migoni, Zampella, Marcelletti, Cristella, Marangi, Scortichini, and Fanizzi. "1H-NMR Metabolite Fingerprinting Analysis Reveals a Disease Biomarker and a Field Treatment Response in Xylella fastidiosa subsp. pauca-Infected Olive Trees." Plants 8, no. 5 (April 29, 2019): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants8050115.

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Xylella fastidiosa subsp. pauca is a xylem-limited bacterial phytopathogen currently found associated on many hectares with the “olive quick decline syndrome” in the Apulia region (Southern Italy), and the cultivars Ogliarola salentina and Cellina di Nardò result in being particularly sensitive to the disease. In order to find compounds showing the capability of reducing the population cell density of the pathogen within the leaves, we tested, in some olive orchards naturally-infected by the bacterium, a zinc-copper-citric acid biocomplex, namely Dentamet®, by spraying it to the crown, once per month, during spring and summer. The occurrence of the pathogen in the four olive orchards chosen for the trial was molecularly assessed. A 1H NMR metabolomic approach, in conjunction with a multivariate statistical analysis, was applied to investigate the metabolic pattern of both infected and treated adult olive cultivars, Ogliarola salentina and Cellina di Nardò trees, in two sampling periods, performed during the first year of the trial. For both cultivars and sampling periods, the orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) gave good models of separation according to the treatment application. In both cultivars, some metabolites such as quinic acid, the aldehydic form of oleoeuropein, ligstroside and phenolic compounds, were consistently found as discriminative for the untreated olive trees in comparison with the Dentamet®-treated trees. Quinic acid, a precursor of lignin, was confirmed as a disease biomarker for the olive trees infected by X. fastidiosa subsp. pauca. When treated with Dentamet®, the two cultivars showed a distinct response. A consistent increase in malic acid was observed for the Ogliarola salentina trees, whereas in the Cellina di Nardò trees the treatments attenuate the metabolic response to the infection. To note that in Cellina di Nardò trees at the first sampling, an increase in γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) was observed. This study highlights how the infection incited by X. fastidiosa subsp. pauca strongly modifies the overall metabolism of olive trees, and how a zinc-copper-citric acid biocomplex can induce an early re-programming of the metabolic pathways in the infected trees.

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4

Scortichini, Marco, Stefania Loreti, Nicoletta Pucci, Valeria Scala, Giuseppe Tatulli, Dimitri Verweire, Michael Oehl, et al. "Progress towards Sustainable Control of Xylella fastidiosa subsp. pauca in Olive Groves of Salento (Apulia, Italy)." Pathogens 10, no. 6 (May 29, 2021): 668. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10060668.

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Xylella fastidiosa subsp. pauca is the causal agent of “olive quick decline syndrome” in Salento (Apulia, Italy). On April 2015, we started interdisciplinary studies to provide a sustainable control strategy for this pathogen that threatens the multi-millennial olive agroecosystem of Salento. Confocal laser scanning microscopy and fluorescence quantification showed that a zinc-copper-citric acid biocomplex—Dentamet®—reached the olive xylem tissue either after the spraying of the canopy or injection into the trunk, demonstrating its effective systemicity. The biocomplex showed in vitro bactericidal activity towards all X. fastidiosa subspecies. A mid-term evaluation of the control strategy performed in some olive groves of Salento indicated that this biocomplex significantly reduced both the symptoms and X. f. subsp. pauca cell concentration within the leaves of the local cultivars Ogliarola salentina and Cellina di Nardò. The treated trees started again to yield. A 1H-NMR metabolomic approach revealed, upon the treatments, a consistent increase in malic acid and γ-aminobutyrate for Ogliarola salentina and Cellina di Nardò trees, respectively. A novel endotherapy technique allowed injection of Dentamet® at low pressure directly into the vascular system of the tree and is currently under study for the promotion of resprouting in severely attacked trees. There are currently more than 700 ha of olive groves in Salento where this strategy is being applied to control X. f. subsp. pauca. These results collectively demonstrate an efficient, simple, low-cost, and environmentally sustainable strategy to control this pathogen in Salento.

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5

Scortichini, Marco. "The Epidemiology and Control of “Olive Quick Decline Syndrome” in Salento (Apulia, Italy)." Agronomy 12, no. 10 (October 11, 2022): 2475. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12102475.

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Xylella fastidiosa subsp. pauca sequence type 53 was found to be associated with olive trees showing extensive twig and branch dieback and plant death in the Gallipoli area of Salento and the common name of “olive quick decline syndrome” (OQDS) was given to the disease. Repeated interceptions in Europe and Italy of ornamental coffee plants originated from Central America, jointly in phylogenetic analyses of many strains of the pathogen, indicated this origin as the most probable source of its introduction in Salento. Drought events could have been conducive to the initial outbreaks of the disease. Subsequently, the pathogen largely spread over the territory according to a “stratified dispersal” model. The high susceptibility of the local cultivars Ogliarola salentina and Cellina di Nardò, a low soil content of zinc, copper, and manganese, improper pruning, and adverse climatic events could have further contributed to the spread of the pathogen. The polyphagous insect Philaenus spumarius L. is the main vector of the bacterium in the area. The adults were detected X. f. subsp. pauca-positive in early May, and their incidence was higher during spring and early autumn when they efficiently spread the bacterium among the olive trees. Many other host plant species can host the bacterium, and some of them can act as a “reservoir” for the disease spread. The aggressive fungus Neofusicoccum mediterraneum Crous, M.J. Wingf. And A.J.L. Philips, could also be involved in OQDS. A sustainable control strategy for reducing the incidence and severity of X. f. subsp. pauca in the olive groves of Salento that allows the trees to produce is presented and discussed. Resilient trees of Ogliarola salentina and Cellina di Nardò have been observed in the heavily infected areas of Salento.

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6

Sabella, Erika, Samuele Moretti, Holger Gärtner, Andrea Luvisi, Luigi De Bellis, Marzia Vergine, Matthias Saurer, and Paolo Cherubini. "Increase in ring width, vessel number and δ18O in olive trees infected with Xylella fastidiosa." Tree Physiology 40, no. 11 (July 24, 2020): 1583–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tpaa095.

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Abstract Xylella fastidiosa (Xf) Wells, Raju et al., 1986 is a bacterium that causes plant diseases in the Americas. In Europe, it was first detected on the Salento Peninsula (Italy), where it was found to be associated with the olive quick decline syndrome. Here, we present the results of the first tree-ring study of infected and uninfected olive trees (Olea europaea L.) of two different cultivars, one resistant and one susceptible, to establish the effects induced by the spread of the pathogen inside the tree. Changes in wood anatomical characteristics, such as an increase in the number of vessels and in ring width, were observed in the infected plants of both the cultivars Cellina di Nardò (susceptible to Xf infection) and Leccino (resistant to Xf infection). Thus, whether infection affects the mortality of the tree or not, the tree shows a reaction to it. The presence of occlusions was detected in the wood of both 4-year-old branches and the tree stem core. As expected, the percentage of occluded vessels in the Xf-susceptible cultivar Cellina di Nardò was significantly higher than in the Xf-resistant cultivar Leccino. The δ 18O of the 4-year-old branches was significantly higher in infected trees of both cultivars than in noninfected trees, while no variations in δ 13C were observed. This suggests a reduction in leaf transpiration rates during infection and seems to be related to the occlusions observed in rings of the 4-year-old branches. Such occlusions can determine effects at leaf level that could influence stomatal activity. On the other hand, the significant increase in the number of vessels in infected trees could be related to the tree’s attempt to enhance water conductivity in response to the pathogen-induced vessel occlusions.

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7

Aprile, Alessio, Carmine Negro, Erika Sabella, Andrea Luvisi, Francesca Nicolì, Eliana Nutricati, Marzia Vergine, Antonio Miceli, Federica Blando, and Luigi De Bellis. "Antioxidant Activity and Anthocyanin Contents in Olives (cv Cellina di Nardò) during Ripening and after Fermentation." Antioxidants 8, no. 5 (May 18, 2019): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox8050138.

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The olive tree “Cellina di Nardò” (CdN) is one of the most widespread cultivars in Southern Italy, mainly grown in the Provinces of Lecce, Taranto, and Brindisi over a total of about 60,000 hectares. Although this cultivar is mainly used for oil production, the drupes are also suitable and potentially marketable as table olives. When used for this purpose, olives are harvested after complete maturation, which gives to them a naturally black color due to anthocyanin accumulation. This survey reports for the first time on the total phenolic content (TPC), anthocyanin characterization, and antioxidant activity of CdN olive fruits during ripening and after fermentation. The antioxidant activity (AA) was determined using three different methods. Data showed that TPC increased during maturation, reaching values two times higher in completely ripened olives. Anthocyanins were found only in mature olives and the concentrations reached up to 5.3 g/kg dry weight. AA was determined for the four ripening stages, and was particularly high in the totally black olive fruit, in accordance with TPC and anthocyanin amounts. Moreover, the CdN olives showed a higher TPC and a greater AA compared to other black table olives produced by cultivars commonly grown for this purpose. These data demonstrate the great potential of black table CdN olives, a product that combines exceptional organoleptic properties with a remarkable antioxidant capacity.

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8

D'ONGHIA, Anna Maria, Franco SANTORO, Serena Anna MINUTILLO, Dajana FRASHERI, Marilita GALLO, Stefania GUALANO, Giuseppe CAVALLO, and Franco VALENTINI. "Optimisation of sampling and testing for asymptomatic olive trees infected by Xylella fastidiosa in Apulia region, Italy." Phytopathologia Mediterranea 61, no. 3 (November 25, 2022): 439–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/phyto-13732.

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Early detection of Xylella fastidiosa outbreaks in Apulian olive groves is crucial, especially in buffer zones and pathogen-free areas where olive trees are asymptomatic. Three studies were conducted. Two were on the spatial and temporal progression of X. fastidiosa infections in tree canopies of asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic olive trees of tolerant (‘Leccino’) and susceptible (‘Cellina di Nardò’ and ‘Ogliarola salentina’) cultivars. Despite different trends in pathogen infection rates and concentrations between ‘Leccino’ and susceptible olive cultivars over the study period, results showed that sampling was most effective in the mid-upper part of tree canopies throughout the year, excluding the warmest and coldest periods. Stem xylem tissues were the most appropriate for detecting the pathogen compared to lower parts of mature leaves with petioles, using serological and molecular assays. Based on these results, a third study was conducted to compare molecular and serological tests (qPCR, real-time LAMP, DAS-ELISA, DTBIA) for detection of X. fastidiosa in the mid-upper part of asymptomatic branches of infected ‘Leccino’ trees that were sampled in an appropriate collection time, using stem xylem tissue as the most appropriate matrix for testing. The molecular methods showed the greatest sensitivity, with no undetermined results, while among the serological assays, DTBIA was more sensitive than DAS-ELISA. An improved protocol for monitoring asymptomatic olive trees is recommended.

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9

Camposeo, Salvatore, Gaetano Alessandro Vivaldi, and Maria Saponari. "Attempts to Reduce the Systemic Spread of Xylella fastidiosa in Olive Trees by Pruning." Agronomy 12, no. 12 (November 23, 2022): 2917. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12122917.

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Xylella fastidiosa subsp. pauca (Xfp) is the plant pathogenic bacterium causing the epidemic of olive quick decline syndrome decimating olive trees in the Apulia region (southern Italy). The lack of any effective therapeutic application for the control of this pathogen and its categorization as a regulated quarantine pathogen in many countries worldwide, impose mandatory eradication and containment measures. Based on current EU legislation, containment measures apply in those areas where the bacterium is widely established, such as in the Apulia region, and thus containment strategies to mitigate and cope with the infections are needed. We set up a field trial to assess if pruning interventions could limit and/or recover Xfp-infected trees by reducing the systemic spread of the bacterium and the severity of the desiccation phenomena typically compromising the crown of the highly susceptible cultivars, e.g., cv. Cellina di Nardò. Trees subjected either to major or light pruning interventions, including the removal of all the symptomatic branches, did not demonstrate a reduced bacterial colonization or development of symptoms. After two years of targeted pruning interventions, no significant amelioration of the sanitary status of the infected olive trees was recorded, suggesting that the sole application of these interventions is not effective to counteract the impact of the bacterium in the susceptible olive trees.

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10

Scortichini, Marco, and Gianluigi Cesari. "An Evaluation of Monitoring Surveys of the Quarantine Bacterium Xylella Fastidiosa Performed in Containment and Buffer Areas of Apulia, Southern Italy." Applied Biosafety 24, no. 2 (May 13, 2019): 96–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1535676019845738.

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Introduction: Xylella fastidiosa is a quarantine phytopathogen for the European Plant Protection Organization and currently infects olive trees in the Apulia region (southern Italy). Upon the Implementing Decision of the European Union 2016/764 of May 12, 2016, extensive monitoring surveys were performed on approximately 190 000 ha to ascertain the possible occurrence of X. fastidiosa. Objectives: The primary objectives of the analysis were to start to collect epidemiological data on X. fastidiosa occurrence in areas far from the initial outbreaks and discuss the results of the pathogen detection. Methods: A total of 220 279 olive trees were inspected. Basic information on farm and trees management was obtained. A total of 13 706 olive trees were analyzed through serological and molecular techniques to verify the possible occurrence of the bacterium. Results: The cultivars “Nociara,” “Cima di Melfi,” and “Cellina di Nardò” showed the highest occurrence of decline symptoms. Tree age appears to be related to the incidence of decline symptoms. Olive trees growing in well-managed soils showed fewer symptoms than trees cultivated in farms where such agronomic techniques are not regularly performed. X. fastidiosa was detected in 2078 samples taken from symptomatic trees and 1653 samples obtained from asymptomatic trees. In 3300 samples taken from symptomatic trees, the bacterium was not detected. Conclusions: Implementation and utilization of reliable in situ detection techniques could increase the number of sampled trees in each plot, thus allowing a more extensive and robust assessment of X. fastidiosa–infected plants in areas where the pathogen inoculums are still low.

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Books on the topic "Cattedrale di Nardò (Nardò, Italy)"

1

Boraccesi, Giovanni. Capolavori di oreficeria nella Cattedrale di Nardò. Galatina (Le) [i.e. Lecce, Italy]: M. Congedo, 2013.

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La Cattedrale di Nardò e l'arte sacra di Cesare Maccari. [Galatina, Italy]: M. Congedo, 2001.

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Il Cristo nero della Cattedrale di Nardò. Galatina (Le) [Italy]: M. Congedo, 2005.

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4

Francesco, Danieli, ed. Il mistero dei segni: Elementi di iconografia sacra nella Cattedrale di Nardò tra Medioevo ed età barocca. Galatina (Le) [i.e. Lecce, Italy]: M. Congedo, 2007.

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5

Santantonio, Giuliano. Tesori e inventari della Cattedrale di Nardò (secc. XV-XIX). Galatina (Le): Mario Congedo editore, 2019.

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d'Otranto, Fondazione Terra, ed. Sancta Maria de Nerito: Arte e devozione nella cattedrale di Nardò. Galatina: Mario Congedo Editore, 2014.

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Giacomo Boni e il restauro architettonico: Un caso esemplare : la cattedrale di Nardò : atteggiamenti pratici, valutazioni storiche, estetiche e politiche tra John Ruskin e Luca Beltrami. Roma: GBE, 2013.

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Luciana, Petracca, and Vetere Benedetto, eds. Anagrafe matrimoniale e strategie di parentela: Il Matrimoniorum liber primus (1577- 96) della Parrocchia cattedrale di Nardò. [Lecce, Italy]: Congedo, 2002.

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Luciana, Petracca, ed. Anagrafe matrimoniale e strategie di parentela: Il Matrimoniorum liber primus, 1577- 96, della Parrocchia cattedrale di Nardò. Galatina (Lecce): Congedo, 2002.

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Chiesa e convento della B.V.M. immacolata di Nardò: Arte e devozione confraternale. Nardò (LE): Salento Books, 2017.

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