Journal articles: 'Cattle houses and equipment'

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Perednya, V. I., Y. A. Tsoy, N. G. Bakach, V. F. Radchikov, A. A. Romanovich, and E. L. Zhilich. "Innovative technology and equipment for calves rearing during preweaning period." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. Agrarian Series 58, no. 2 (May 12, 2020): 226–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.29235/1817-7204-2020-58-2-226-234.

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High dairy performance of adult animals is directly dependent on the conditions of calves growing and feeding during the preweaning period. Since cattle has a low so-called “critical temperature”, it is advisable to use this property of the body when rearing calves in the open air year-round in individual houses. It is known that among the entire complex of factors affecting the intensive growth of calves, the quality of food and the method of calves feeding in the first periods of postembryonic development of young animals from birth to 12 months deserve the most attention. In order to reduce consumption of whole milk for feeding calves and accelerate development of digestive tract in calves in early life period with high body weight gains, in practice specialists try to achieve it by introducing plant foods into diets for calves. However, plant feeds, even high-energy ones (cereals and legumes), containing large amount of protein, carbohydrates, starch, etc., are digested by calves very slowly and in small quantities. It is shown that to eliminate these drawbacks it is advisable to extrude all the plant feeds. The paper describes in detail the technology and equipment for preparing easily digestible feeds based on legumes for calves feeding during preweaning period, allowing to accelerate the development of digestive tract in the early life period of calves with high body weight gains, reduce consumption of whole milk or its replacers and energy costs for its production. Studies on the effect of feeding young cattle with feed concentrate during preweaning period showed increase in performance by 6.6 % and a decrease in feed costs by 5.73 %.

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Seok-Hyeon, Beak, Seung Ju Park, Dilla Fassah, Hyun Jin Kim, Hyun Jung Lee, Cheorun Jo, and Myunggi Baik. "PSV-37 Relationships among carcass and sensory traits, auction price, and computer image analysis traits of marbling characteristics in Korean beef cattle." Journal of Animal Science 97, Supplement_3 (December 2019): 340. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skz258.678.

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Abstract This study examined relationships among carcass and sensory traits, auction price, and computer image analysis (CIA) traits of marbling characteristics in Korean cattle beef. In experiment 1, 43 Korean cattle steers reared in similar feeding conditions were slaughtered at 34 months of age, and carcass traits were evaluated by official meat graders. Carcass auction prices were determined by wholesalers. Cross-sectional photographs of the beef were taken at the 13th thoracic vertebra using beef carcass photography equipment. Image files were analyzed for marbling characteristics using Beef Analyzer II software. Longissimus thoracis (LT) samples obtained after carcass grading were analyzed for sensory traits. Correlations among several variables were analyzed using either Pearson’s correlation or Spearman’s correlation analysis. Marbling score and quality grade (QG) had strong positive correlations (0.63 ≤ r ≤ 0.88, P < 0.01) with several CIA traits, including number of coarse marbling particles (MPs), number of fine MPs, and fineness index. Auction price had strong positive correlations (0.69 ≤ r ≤ 0.76, P < 0.01) with these CIA traits. Most sensory traits were not correlated with CIA traits. In experiment 2, 267 additional LT images photographed at the slaughter house were used for correlation analysis between auction price and CIA traits within an individual QG class [QGs 1 (middle), 1+, and 1++ (best)]. Carcass auction price was positively correlated (0.36 ≤ r ≤ 0.51, P < 0.01) with number of coarse MPs, number of fine MPs, and fineness index in both QGs 1+ and 1++ but not in QG 1. Overall, marbling score and QG had positive correlations with several CIA traits of marbling characteristics. Carcass auction price had positive correlations with CIA traits in QGs 1+ and 1++ but not in QG 1. In conclusion, a CIA method after modification could be incorporated into current beef quality grading systems.

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Jahan, R., MM Hossain, MH Rashid, S. Akhter, and MSI Khan. "Effect of post-slaughter time and storage conditions on chemical and microbial changes in locally marketed beef." Bangladesh Journal of Animal Science 44, no. 1 (April 29, 2015): 52–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v44i1.23143.

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Fresh meat is commonly marketing at environmental temperature for long time in many developing countries including Bangladesh. The present study was conducted to assess whether elapsed time between slaughter and preservation and storage conditions influence the chemical and microbial changes of locally marketed beef. Meat samples were collected from local markets and divided into two groups, morning and evening beef. Morning beef was collected immediately after slaughtering from healthy cattle while evening one was collected 8 h after slaughtering. The samples were kept either in refrigerator (4oC) or freezer (-20oC). Refrigerated samples were stored for 7 days and analyzed on day1st, 3rd and 7th while frozen samples were stored for 90 days and analyzed on day 3rd, 45th and 90th. Results showed that there was a significant difference in chemical and microbial parameters between morning and evening beef (p<0.01 to 0.05). With respect to the advances of storage time, the dry matter, crude protein, ether extract and ash contents were increased in beef sample (p<0.01), indicating the moisture loss from meat time elapsed after slaughtering. Moreover, the coliform, yeast and mold counts were also increased with advance of storage time (p<0.01 to0.05),indicating the unhygienic conditions of slaughter house, equipment and water which is giving signal for the possible occurrence of food borne intoxication. In conclusion, we found that the quality of marketed beef degraded with the time elapsed before storage and storage temperature suggesting the importance of early preservation of meat at lower temperature. Our findings of increased number of microbial counts were also suggested the necessity to improve the hygienic conditions of slaughterhouse and equipment in developing countries like Bangladesh.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v44i1.23143 Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2014. 44 (1): 52-58

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Darwis, Valeriana, and Benny Rachman. "Potensi Pengembangan Pupuk Organik Insitu Mendukung Percepatan Penerapan Pertanian Organik." Forum penelitian Agro Ekonomi 31, no. 1 (June 17, 2013): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/fae.v31n1.2013.51-65.

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English Organic fertilizer in-situ application is the beginning of organic farming. In-situ organic fertilizer raw materials can be obtained from straw and dung. National straw production is 30.4 million tons per year and cow’s dung production is 3.8 million tons per month. Technology for organic fertilizer production is simple, namely through stacking the straw and flipping it. Solid fertilizer organic fertilizer cost is Rp 417 per kg and that of liquid organic fertilizer is Rp 3,510 per liter. Accelerating organic farming implementation can be carried out through: (1) use of straw, (2) sustainable cattle and livestock integration program, (3) price subsidy policy, (4) provision of organic fertilizer processing equipments, composting houses, and organic fertilizer processing units, and (5) standardization and labeling of farmers-produced organic fertilizer. Indonesian Pemakaian pupuk organik in-situ di tingkat petani merupakan awal dalam mewujudkan pertanian organik. Bahan pupuk organik in-situ dapat diperoleh dari jerami dan kotoran hewan (kohe). Potensi jerami secara nasional dalam satu tahun sebesar 30,4 juta ton dan kohe sapi 3,8 juta ton per bulan. Teknologi membuat pupuk organik sangat sederhana yaitu dengan cara menumpuk dan membalik-baliknya. Biaya yang dikeluarkan dalam membuat satu kilogram pupuk organik padat sebesar Rp 417 dan Rp 3.510 per liter untuk pupuk organik cair. Percepatan implementasi pertanian organik dapat dilaksanakan melalui : (1) kebijakan pemakaian jerami secara bijak, (2) program integrasi sapi dan ternak secara berkelanjutan, (3) penerapan kebijakan subsidi harga pupuk organik yang lebih menarik, (4) memberikan bantuan pembuatan pupuk organik secara berjenjang dimulai dari pemberian alat pengolah pupuk organik, kemudian diteruskan ke pemberian Rumah Kompos dan terakhir ke pemberian unit pengolah pupuk organik, (dan 5) standarisasi dan pelabelan pupuk organik produksi petani.

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Kim, Seok, and Tae-Yeong Kim. "Improvement of Assembly Equipment for Prefabricated Houses." International Journal of Control and Automation 9, no. 3 (March 31, 2016): 43–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.14257/ijca.2016.9.3.05.

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Ajoudanifar, Hatef, Mohammad Hedayati, Sabah Mayahi, Alireza Khosravi, and Bita Mousavi. "Volumetric Assessment of Airborne Indoor and Outdoor Fungi at Poultry and Cattle Houses in the Mazandaran Province, Iran." Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology 62, no. 3 (September 1, 2011): 243–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/10004-1254-62-2011-2099.

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Volumetric Assessment of Airborne Indoor and Outdoor Fungi at Poultry and Cattle Houses in the Mazandaran Province, IranThe aim of this study was to assess the volume of airborne fungi in the indoor and outdoor environment of poultry and cattle houses in the Mazandaran Province in Iran. Indoor and outdoor air of twenty cattle houses and twenty-five poultry houses were sampled using a single-stage impactor, which draws air at 20 L min-1and impacts sampled material onto Petri plates containing malt extract agar. The plates were incubated at 30 °C for seven days, after which the resulting colonies were counted. The fungi were identified and counted microscopically and macroscopically. A total of 4,662 fungal colonies were isolated from 90 plates collected from indoor and outdoor air of cattle and poultry houses.Cladosporium(55.3 %), yeast (10.0 %), andAspergillus(9.4 %) were the most common findings. The concentration of airborne fungi in cattle and poultry houses ranged from 10 CFU m-3to 1700 CFU m-3in indoor and 10 CFU m-3to 2170 CFU m-3in outdoor environments.Cladosporiumhad the highest mean indoor (424.5 CFU m-3) and outdoor (449.7 CFU m-3) air concentration in the cattle houses. In the poultry houses, the highest mean concentrations were measured forCladosporium(551.0 CFU m-3) outdoors and yeast (440.7 CFU m-3) indoors. These levels might present an occupational risk, but threshold levels for these environments have yet to be established worldwide.

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Kang, Seok-Hwa, and Jae-Yeob Kim. "User Requirement Analysis of Photovoltaic Equipment for Detached Houses." Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction 14, no. 6 (December 20, 2014): 623–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5345/jkibc.2014.14.6.623.

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Park, Byeong-Hun, Jong-Won Choi, and Jae-Yeob Kim. "Maintenance-Effectiveness Analysis of Photovoltaic Equipment for Detached Houses." Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction 16, no. 4 (August 20, 2016): 359–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5345/jkibc.2016.16.4.359.

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SEEDORF, J., and J. HARTUNG. "Survey of ammonia concentrations in livestock buildings." Journal of Agricultural Science 133, no. 4 (December 1999): 433–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859699007170.

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The air quality in 82 German livestock buildings was investigated, using ammonia as a gaseous indicator. The ammonia concentrations were measured hourly and a 24 h mean was calculated. In cattle houses the mean ammonia measurement ranged between 3·7 ppm in calf houses (n = 16), 4·7 ppm in beef units (n = 10) and 6·4 ppm in dairy cattle houses (n = 8). In pig buildings the highest mean concentrations of 15·9 ppm were found in fattening pig livestocks (n = 8). In sow (n = 16) and weaner livestock buildings (n = 8) the averaged ammonia concentration varied between 13·4 ppm and 9·1 ppm, respectively. Within poultry houses, broiler flocks (n = 8) were associated with ammonia concentrations of 21·2 ppm. On the other hand, livestock buildings containing laying hens (n = 8) showed the lowest ammonia concentrations of all, namely 2·7 ppm. A significant positive correlation between temperature, relative humidity and ammonia concentrations could be found in poultry houses. Assuming an ammonia threshold limit value of 15 ppm, although no cattle house in this study exceeded this recommended limit, 31% of all the pig and poultry units investigated did, indicating a need for improved housing conditions in the future.

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Reznichenko, T. Yu. "PRESERVATION OF STOVE HEATING IN A WOODEN HOUSE BUILT IN THE 19–20th CENTURIES IN TOMSK." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo arkhitekturno-stroitel'nogo universiteta. JOURNAL of Construction and Architecture 22, no. 1 (February 27, 2020): 63–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.31675/1607-1859-2020-22-1-63-74.

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Purpose: The aim of this work is to identify and collect the data on the engineering equipment routinely used for stove heating, which possesses a unique architectural potential determining its typology and preservation. Design/methodology/approach: In addition to a fullscale study, the historical review is given. This study determines the principles the stove arrangement in wooden houses. Research findings: A rapid loss of both historical wooden houses and stove heating systems is shown, which are considered to be the key elements for maintaining a valuable historical environment. A need for determining the causes of the destruction and loss of historical houses is shown. Originality/value: The research includes the not yet published data on historical houses, in particular, at the address 33, October street, Tomsk, Russia, built in the 19– 20th centuries, which is of high architectural potential. Practical implications: The results can be used in preservation of engineering equipment of stove heating in historical wooden houses.

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Klimenko, V. P., O. V. Gedz, and N. V. Cespedes Garcia. "Integrated System for Dispatching Lifts and Engineering Equipment of Houses." Nauka ta innovacii 14, no. 6 (December 3, 2018): 57–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/scin14.06.057.

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Klimenko, V. P., O. V. Gedz, and N. V. Cespedes Garcia. "Integrated System for Dispatching Lifts and Engineering Equipment of Houses." Science and innovation 14, no. 6 (December 3, 2018): 53–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/scine14.06.053.

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KOZLOV, ALEXANDER NIKOLAEVICH, TATIANA ALEXANDROVNA MIROSHNICHENKO, VITALY ALEXANDROVICH KOZLOV, and ALLA GEORGIEVNA ROTACHEVA. "PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THERMAL POWER ENGINEERING IN AMUR REGION." Messenger AmSU, no. 93 (2021): 47–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.22250/jasu.93.10.

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The basis of the region's heat supply is coal-fired boiler houses using brown coal from the region's deposits. It is shown that the state of the heat power industry in the Amur Region urgently requires a solution to the problem of deterioration of equipment in boiler houses and heating networks.

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Kober, AKMH, MS Bari, MR Rakib, and MS Ali. "Injuries of cattle and buffaloes during transportation and slaughter at Chittagong city corporation of Bangladesh." Bangladesh Journal of Animal Science 43, no. 1 (June 30, 2014): 74–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v43i1.19389.

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The study was conducted to ascertain the injuries of cattle and buffaloes at selected livestock markets of Bangladesh during transportation and slaughter. A total of 290 (212 cattle and 78 water buffalo) at Sagorica cattle market and 57 (24 cattle and 33 buffalo) at Fringibazar and Pahartali slaughter houses of Chittagong were examined during the period from January to April 2013. The frequency of different injuries during handling, transportation and slaughtering were assessed. The data of different type of injuries (e.g. abrasion, laceration, bleeding, swelling, scarification and wound) were collected from the market and slaughter houses by using visual observation and palpation method. The frequency of abrasion, laceration, bleeding, swelling and scarification of cattle were 73, 45, 4, 3, 67 and 87%, and of buffaloes were 71, 9, 23 nd 41%, respectively. All the injuries were higher in Haryana than Rajasthani, Shahiwal and Exotic non descriptive cattle breeds. The tail injury in cattle and buffaloes was 65 and 23%, respectively. In the slaughter house, the frequency of abrasion, laceration, penetration and scarification were 79, 75, 8, 75 in cattle, and 85, 70, 0 and 67% in buffaloes, respectively. From these findings it could be concluded that proper handling and care should be taken to avoid different injuries of cattle and buffaloes during transportation and slaughter.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v43i1.19389 Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2014. 43 (1): 74-77

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Ponechal, Radoslav, and Jaroslav Leštach. "Wood-Burning Stoves in Well-Insulated Dwellings." Advanced Materials Research 1041 (October 2014): 371–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1041.371.

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New requirements for the thermal performance of building structures also affect heating equipment solutions. A specific problem is the future of the local heaters in the following well-insulated houses in terms of overheating. This paper discussed some results of the dry bulb air temperature measurement in one of these houses. The article further reported list of the local wood-burning stoves with respect to the calculated heat loss in these houses isolated on the requirements of the standard in 2016 and in 2021.

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Shin, Hye Kyung, Kyoung Woo Kim, Jun Oh Yeon, and Kwan Seop Yang. "Study on Noise Characteristics of Facility Equipment and Subjective Responses." Applied Mechanics and Materials 851 (August 2016): 359–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.851.359.

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For a house to maintain the standards of a quiet residential environment, it is necessary to reduce not only inter-floor noise delivered from neighboring houses but internal noise sources as well. Currently, noise measures on facility and equipment have been established in apartment houses in South Korea. This study aimed to provide foundational data needed to provide institutional standards on facility noise in apartments. Thus, this study analyzed noise level and acoustical parameters (loudness, sharpness, and roughness) with regard to noises from hoods and boilers in kitchens. This study also studied an annoyance rating, which was a subjective response to the noise, using 36 subjects. It also quantified a subjective response by calculating a %HA (percentage of highly annoyed) according to the maximum noise level from a boiler and kitchen hood, and a mean value of annoyance. No significant difference between the two rating scales was found.

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FAUSTI, P., and A. FARINA. "ACOUSTIC MEASUREMENTS IN OPERA HOUSES: COMPARISON BETWEEN DIFFERENT TECHNIQUES AND EQUIPMENT." Journal of Sound and Vibration 232, no. 1 (April 2000): 213–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jsvi.1999.2694.

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Borowski, Andrzej. "Social Welfare Houses as a Total Institution." International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences 4 (September 2013): 70–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilshs.4.70.

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House of social welfare is a place, people live in which from different respects in families strip capability of life. Determination of house of social equipment functioned as a closed total institution in sociology , which is place of stay of number of certain person isolated on longest period from the rest of society. Each self-governed unit leading stationary institution of social welfare should process program of serviceman of gradual liquidation or limitation of meaning of physical barrier and symbolic barrier on direct enclosing this institution.

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Dolinskiy, A. A., A. V. Konyk, N. L. Radchenko, B. Ya Tselen, and L. P. Gozhenko. "PERSPECTIVENESS AND DEVELOPMENT OF APPARATUS THE PRINCIPLE OF WORK IS BASED ON THE MECHANISMS OF DISCRETE-PULSE ENERGY INPUT." Industrial Heat Engineering 39, no. 5 (October 17, 2017): 7–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.31472/ihe.5.2017.01.

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The article presents new developments, in particular, is equipment for neutralization of acid condensates of gas combustion products in heating and industrial boiler houses and a new cavitation type extractor. The article described principle of work and the results of experimental studies are presented which confirm the effectiveness to application of equipment in various industries.

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Li, Xue Tao. "The Study on Energy Saving Equipment of Rural Houses in Central China." Advanced Materials Research 450-451 (January 2012): 1444–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.450-451.1444.

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Increasing investment on installation of construction equipment of energy saving and emission reduction in the new rural houses construction appropriately, it would improve the living conditions and enhance the living quality of rural residents significantly, which have very good economic and social benefits.

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Swierstra, D., M. C. J. Smits, and W. Kroodsma. "Ammonia Emission from Cubicle Houses for Cattle with Slatted and Solid Floors." Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research 62, no. 2 (October 1995): 127–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jaer.1995.1071.

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Li, Xue Tao. "The Study on Energy Saving Equipment of Rural Houses in Central China." Advanced Materials Research 450-451 (January 2012): 1444–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/scientific5/amr.450-451.1444.

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Budi Sakti, Anto Dohar, Hasnudi Hasnudi, E. Harso Kardhinata, and Syahbudin Hasibuan. "Analisis Pendapatan Usaha Ternak Sapi Potong Hasil Inseminasi Buatan di Kabupaten Tapanuli Selatan." AGRISAINS: Jurnal Ilmiah Magister Agribisnis 1, no. 1 (June 29, 2019): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.31289/agrisains.v1i1.211.

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The purpose of this research is to know the difference of income of artificial insemination and non artificial insemination beef cattle ranchers, and also to know the influence of cow number, feed price, medic price, labor wage, artificial insemination cost, depreciation cost and equipment cost to beef cattle farmer income. The data used are primary data, the sample are 99 respondents of beef cattle ranchers in South Tapanuli Regency. This research used test of mean and doubled linear regression at significance level 95%. This study has shown that independent variables together and partially affect the dependent variable. The result of hypothesis test proves for artificial insemination breeder that the variable of cow number, feed price and artificial insemination cost have positive effect, drug price variable, labor wage, depreciation cost and equipment cost have negative effect to beef cattle rancher income. Meanwhile, for non-artificial insemination farmers that the variable of cattle, feed price and labor wage have positive effect, drug price variable, depreciation cost and equipment cost negate to beef cattle farmer income

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Cabral Ribeiro, Priscila Cristina, Annibal José Scavarda, and Mário Otávio Batalha. "The Evaluation of Information Technology: a Case Study in Brazilian Slaughter Houses." Journal of Operations and Supply Chain Management 1, no. 2 (December 29, 2008): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.12660/joscmv1n2p65-76.

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This paper aims to show the evaluation of information technologies (ITs) that has been used to trace products in Brazilian cattle chain. The Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is an identification technology that traces products from their origin to their destination. This work includes literature review on evaluation models in technology, information technology, information systems, and RFID. The field research described in this paper was carried out at four Brazilian slaughterhouses. Some methods used were qualitative approach, case study, and interviews to show results. Although RFID has some advantages in traceability systems, it has been used by these companies in other activities such as warehousing and stocking. Because of this, in the Brazilian cattle chain barcode has been used to trace products.

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Long, S. T., P. V. Gioi, and N. T. Suong. "Some Factors Associated with Ovarian Disorders of Dairy Cattle in Northern Vietnam." Tropical Animal Science Journal 44, no. 2 (June 2021): 240–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5398/tasj.2021.44.2.240.

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This research’s objectives were to assess the risk factors associated with ovarian disorders in dairy cattle in Hanoi Capital, Ha Nam Province, Vinh Phuc Province, and Moc Chau District in Son La Province. The ovarian diseases were evaluated by rectal palpation combined with information collected based on the questionnaire and surveys. Records of feeding management and ovarian disorders were comprising of persistent corpus luteum (PCL), cystic ovarian disease (COD), inactive ovary (IO) from 818 females, including heifers and cows from the first to the eighth parities. A multinomial logistic regression procedure in SAS9.0 was applied for data analysis. The results have shown that the changes of region, age classes, housing condition, and body condition scores were associated with the odds of suffering from dairy cattle’s ovarian disorder categories. The cows got the odds of suffering from PCL in the old age or fatter condition, and IO at the younger or angular cows. When cattle were confined in simple houses or laid on rubber bedding, they suffered from IO, but they tended to get the odds of suffering from PCL when the cattle were raised in modern houses or laid on concrete bedding. In conclusion, region, parity, body condition score, housing type, and bedding material affect ovarian disorders in dairy cattle in northern Vietnam.

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Islam, Tahsina, Md Azijul Islam, Md Shahidul Islam, and Nishat Farzana Nimni. "Identification of Inaccessible Roads and Vulnerable Settlements in Dhaka City Using ArcGIS Tools." International Journal of Disaster Response and Emergency Management 3, no. 1 (January 2020): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijdrem.2020010101.

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Dhaka, the capital, is a highly populated city in Bangladesh. Indiscriminate and unplanned urbanization, with narrow road networks, has made the city more vulnerable and risk-prone for any disaster. This study focuses on the identification of inaccessible roads and vulnerable areas of Dhaka city for improving search and rescue operations, response initiatives, and debris management. For the study purposes, four different locations of Dhaka city have been selected to analyze the accessibility of emergency vehicle and equipment for rescue operations. The narrowest roads and vulnerable areas including individual houses have been identified using ArcGIS. The analysis reveals that a maximum of 60% houses of old Dhaka has been found vulnerable whereas in Uttara there are 2.4% vulnerable houses. In addition, the traffic volume analysis is performed for the most vulnerable area in terms of narrow roads. Thus, vulnerable houses have been identified on the basis of maximum congestion in a scenario of no disaster to access basic facilities like hospital and fire stations.

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KANDA, Takashi, Yuichiro SASA, Hitomi KIMURA, and Tokuhiro NISHINA. "Isolation of Verocytotoxin-Producing Escherichia coli from Carcasses of Cattle at Slaughter Houses." Journal of the Japan Veterinary Medical Association 50, no. 11 (1997): 663–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.12935/jvma1951.50.663.

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MEYER, J. A., G. P. GEORGHIOU, F. A. BRADLEY, and H. TRAN. "Filth Fly Resistance to Pyrethrins Associated with Automated Spray Equipment in Poultry Houses." Poultry Science 69, no. 5 (May 1990): 736–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3382/ps.0690736.

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Sharples, Niall. "Place, house, person." Archaeological Dialogues 6, no. 2 (December 1999): 104–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1380203800001446.

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This is an interesting and important paper that argues in a reasoned and convincing manner for a new approach to an archaeology of houses. It uses as an archaeological case study the evidence from the southern Netherlands but the approach presented here has a much wider application and the results are directly relevant to a very large area of northern Europe. I originally heard this paper delivered as a lecture at a conference on settlement studies where it came amid a succession of papers debating detailed structural typologies of Iron Age long houses and others providing increasingly detailed scientific analysis of cattle byres. I had already made one abortive attempt to suggest there was a more interesting way of thinking about houses but this was most clearly demonstrated by the paper presented here.

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Ciganek, M., R. Ulrich, J. Nea, and J. Raszyk. "Exposure of pig fatteners and dairy cows to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons." Veterinární Medicína 47, No. 5 (March 30, 2012): 137–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/5817-vetmed.

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Exposure of pig fatteners and dairy cows to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) was investigated by analyses of selected indoor and outdoor samples. PAH concentrations (16 U.S. EPA priority PAHs) and data on common exposure routes were used for exposure calculations.  The samples under study included water (n = 24), feed (n = 48), indoor air (n = 15), barn dust (n = 17), outdoor air (n = 6) road dust (n = 17), and soil (n = 15) collected in the summer 1999 and in the spring 2000 on 3 pig and 2 dairy cattle farms. The following mean concentrations of  16 PAHs were found: 100 ng/l in water for pigs, 38 ng/l in water for cows, 82 µg/kg in feed mixtures for pigs, 128 µg/kg in feed concentrates for cows, 278 µg/kg in forages for dairy cows, 25 ng/m3 in indoor air of pig houses, 59 ng/m3 in indoor air of  cow houses, 676 µg/kg in dust collected in pig houses, 4 475 µg/kg in dust collected in cow houses, 16 ng/m3 in outdoor air of pig houses, 29 ng/m3 in outdoor air of  cow houses, 4 711 µg/kg in road dust collected on pig farms, 15 175 µg/kg in road dust collected on cattle farms, 826 µg/kg in soil collected around pig houses, and 1 356 µg/kg in soil collected around cow houses. The total intake of  16 PAHs in the diet of cows and pigs was 14 156 µg and 164 µg PAHs per day, respectively. The exposure of cows to PAHs was 86 times higher than that of pigs. Feed was the major source of PAHs for both species (approximately 99%). Urinary 1-hydroxypyrene concentration was used as a biomarker of exposure to PAHs. The mean total amount of 1-hydroxypyrene excreted per day in porcine (2 l) and bovine (13 l) urine was 14.5 µg  and 1 595 µg, respectively, which was 3.2% and 11.9% of pyrene intake.

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AL-Shemmari, Ihab G. M. "Molecular identification by multiplex polymerase chain reaction of Pasteurella multocida in cattle and buffaloes in Baghdad." Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Medicine 38, no. 1 (June 1, 2014): 99–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.30539/iraqijvm.v38i1.261.

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The aim of this study was to identify pasteurella multocida and their types by PCR in cattle’s and buffaloesi bagdad from March to August 2012 on 204 animals , including 102 cattle and 102 buffaloes at slaughter houses from Baghdad .Blood samples and nasal swaps were collected , before slaughtering and lung tissues of slaughtered animal , and from 54 clinically suspected cases of pasteurellosis , including 27 bovines ,and 27 buffaloes the samples taken included blood and nasal swabs . Pasteurellamultocida were isolated from 94 animals include 49 cattle 45 buffaloes. The typing of the isolates by multiplex PCR for genotyping Pasteuerllamultocida revealed 93 isolates of type B , 31 from cattle and 62 from buffaloes ,and 81 isolates of type A , 55 from cattle and 26 from buffaloes .

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CHRISTODOULOPOULOS (Γ. ΧΡΙΣΤΟΔΟΥΛΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ), G., N. ROUBIES (Ν. ΡΟΥΜΠΙΕΣ), H. KARATZIAS (Χ. ΚΑΡΑΤΖΙΑΣ), and A. PAPASTERIADIS (Α. ΠΑΠΑΣΤΕΡΙΑΔΗΣ). "Relationship between selenium concentration in blood and liver of cattle." Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society 53, no. 3 (January 25, 2018): 272. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.15382.

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The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between total blood selenium concentration and liver tissue selenium concentration in cattle. Blood and liver samples were collected from 205 individuals brought to slaughter houses. The results had shown that there is a linear correlation between the concentration of selenium in total blood of cattle (X) and its concentration in the liver (Y). The linear regression equation was: Y=0.194+3.951± (0.265***) X (0.009 pg/ml < X < 0.219 pg/ml, 0.110 μg/g DM < Y < 1.512 μg/g DM) (r2=0.523, ***P<0.001, n=205).

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Rusek, Martin, Karel Vojíř, and Šárka Šubová. "Lower-Secondary School Chemistry Textbooks’ Didactic Equipment." Chemistry-Didactics-Ecology-Metrology 25, no. 1-2 (December 1, 2020): 69–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cdem-2020-0004.

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Abstract Textbooks’ fundamental influence on teaching is caused not only by their subject matter, but also by their didactic elaboration. Textbooks’ individual functions are fulfilled through incorporated structural elements. Their pool is referred to as the didactic equipment of the textbook and represents qualities of the textbook through the options it gives to its users. The presented overview of lower-secondary chemistry textbooks’ didactic equipment included 7 series of currently available textbooks. Results of the analysis serve not only as a possible guide for chemistry teachers’ textbook selection, but they also provide insight into the current state to authors of textbooks and other didactic materials. Chemistry textbooks for lower-secondary schools achieve relatively high didactic equipment (75-92 %). The best equipped are the series of textbooks published after the current state curriculum introduction (by publishing houses Fraus and Nova Skola). Surprisingly, however, the most recently published textbooks by the Taktik publishing house showed the lowest didactic equipment.

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Orlov, Evgeny. "Space-planning solutions of the Quaker meetings house in Russia." E3S Web of Conferences 263 (2021): 04022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126304022.

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Quakers are a Protestant trend in Christianity that was formed in England during the English bourgeois revolution. The peculiarities of this direction include the fact that Quakers hold prayer meetings for communion with God not in churches, but in fact, in ordinary rooms called Quaker Meeting Houses. At present, there is practically no research on the development of space-planning solutions for Quaker meetings houses, including developments in the design of engineering equipment for such types of buildings. Information was collected and analyzed on the need to design specific premises for comfortable holding of Quaker prayer meetings. The analysis was carried out according to the following criteria: the total area of the objects of the Quaker prayer meeting; availability of basic meeting rooms; availability of auxiliary premises; necessary engineering equipment; architectural and urban planning appearance of the building (including the building facades); urban planning situation, taking into account the improvement of territories. There were developed block- layout diagrams of premises for various functional purposes, a variant of space-planning solutions of a house for holding prayer meetings of Quakers in Russia, a draft proposal for its architectural appearance, as well as options for various systems of engineering equipment of buildings to ensure high comfort requirements.

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CHRISTODOULOPOULOS (Γ. ΧΡΙΣΤΟΔΟΥΛΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ), G., N. ROUBIES (Ν. ΡΟΥΜΠΙΕΣ), H. KARATZIAS (Χ. ΚΑΡΑΤΖΙΑΣ), and A. PAPASTERIADIS (Α. ΠΑΠΑΣΤΕΡΙΑΔΗΣ). "Epizootiologic survey of selenium and vitamin E concentrations in cattle to be slaughtered in Thessaloniki." Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society 51, no. 4 (January 31, 2018): 277. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.15686.

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The purpose of this survey was the study of selenium (Se) and vitamin E (vit. E) concentrations in cattle to be slaughtered in the area of Thessaloniki. For this purpose, research samples of blood and liver were collected from 205 cattle brought to different slaughter-houses of Thessaloniki. Out of the 205 cattle to be slaughtered, 78% presented deficient concentration of Se in liver (0,110-0,600 μg/g DM), 17% marginally deficient concentration(0,601-0,900 μg/g DM) and only 5% normal concentration (0,901-1,512 μg/g DM). Regarding vit. E, only 5% out of the 205 cattle to be slaughtered presented deficient concentration in liver (<5 μg/g WW). It is concluded from the above that, in Thessaloniki, a significant percentage of cattle run the risk of Se deficiency diseases. On the contrary, the case of vit. E deficiency, should be regarded as improbable for these animals.

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Wong, Melissa W. Y., and Michael J. Wesolowsky. "Controlling construction-induced vibrations in healthcare facilities." MATEC Web of Conferences 211 (2018): 10003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201821110003.

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Controlling excessive floor vibrations is critical in modern healthcare facilities where high-resolution imaging and diagnostic equipment are often used. These types of equipment have stringent floor vibration criteria to ensure the accuracy of their results. Controlling floor vibrations is further complicated as existing healthcare facilities are being renovated and upgraded to meet current healthcare demands, while remaining in operation. This paper presents a case study of an existing hospital which is undergoing extensive renovations. This hospital houses a variety of diagnostic imaging equipment including Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Computed Tomography (CT) equipment, as well as mass spectrometers. To determine the extent of the vibration mitigation required such that the equipment can remain operational during construction, vibration tests simulating the future construction activities were conducted. The vibration tests consisted of striking the ground with an excavator, while accelerometers were placed at strategic locations throughout the hospital to capture the excitation.

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Sanchis, Elena, Salvador Calvet, Agustín del Prado, and Fernando Estellés. "A meta-analysis of environmental factor effects on ammonia emissions from dairy cattle houses." Biosystems Engineering 178 (February 2019): 176–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2018.11.017.

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Kubkomawa, H. I., A. M. Kenneth–Chukwu, J. L. Krumah, I. N. Yerima, Z. Audu, and W. D. Nafarnda. "Beef cattle housing and handling techniques in Mubi, Adamawa State, Nigeria." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 46, no. 4 (December 25, 2020): 231–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v46i4.295.

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The objective of the study was to survey beef cattle housing and handling techniques in Mubi, Adamawa State, Nigeria in order to make room for improvement to ensure their welfare. One hundred (100) beef producers were randomly selected for oral interviews, discussion and physical observations on beef cattle housing and handling techniques. This was achieved by the use of structured questionnaire for the period of 12 months (January to December, 2018). All beef cattle producers (100%) use make shift kraals or fenced yards without roofs, while 90% use local handling equipment for the business in the study area. The use of elaborate housing and conventional equipment is limited in the study area. Though producers know that, well designed and maintained handling facilities are essential for the safe handling of beef cattle and prevention of injury to handlers. Good cattle handling facilities provide high level of control and safe access for the various husbandry tasks. Many accidents involving cattle could be eliminated with better handling facilities. Knowing the correct procedure is important for both the animals and handlers as handlers are susceptible to injuries.

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Basok, B. І., M. P. Novitska, and S. M. Goncharuk. "TECHNOLOGIES, SYSTEMS, AND EQUIPMENT FOR WASTEWATER HEAT UTILIZATION (REVIEW)." Thermophysics and Thermal Power Engineering 42, no. 3 (June 10, 2020): 39–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.31472/ttpe.3.2020.4.

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The paper analyzes research, technologies, and equipment related to wastewater heat utilization systems. The main factors influencing the development of the industry and the implementation of such systems are given. Such factors include: social, political, economic, technological, legal and environmental. The classification of technologies and equipment for wastewater heat utilization according to the place of heat extraction is given. Namely, low potential wastewater heat can be collected at the treatment plants, in sewer collectors leading to treatment plants and directly in houses. The paper describes the available research in the scientific literature on these three categories The global scientific community is working to create efficient wastewater heat recovery systems. The environmental situation requires greater use of wastewater recovery systems. An important issue is to increase awareness and education of the population, as this approach will increase the degree of implementation of wastewater heat utilization systems in residential buildings.

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Herbst, S., T. Kistemann, and S. Githinji. "The Human Ecology of Malaria in a Highland Region of South-West Kenya." Methods of Information in Medicine 48, no. 05 (2009): 451–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3414/me9242.

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Summary Objective: This study assessed interactions between human beings and their immediate micro-ecological environment with regard to malaria transmission at the household level. Methods: Malaria cases and their controls were sampled from a local health care facility. A spot check of potential risk factors for malaria around the subjects’ dwelling places was done. A standardized questionnaire was administered to investigate human behavior that could lead to increased risk of malaria. Results: Outdoor activities at night, living in houses with eaves, keeping cattle close to human dwellings and presence of stagnant water around the homesteads were associated with increased risk of malaria. Conclusion: Living in houses with open eaves and being out at night were found to influence malaria incidences at household level.

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TORIUMI, Yoshihiro, Takashi KURABUCHI, and Sadanori KODERA. "RESEARCH QUESTIONNAIRE ON THE USAGE OF HOUSING EQUIPMENT FOCUSING ON VENTILATION SYSTEM OF APARTMENT HOUSES." Journal of Environmental Engineering (Transactions of AIJ) 77, no. 674 (2012): 293–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aije.77.293.

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Lee, Michael. "Recent Developments in Australian Aluminium Casthouse Personal Protective Clothing." Materials Science Forum 630 (October 2009): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.630.19.

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Abstract With the recent release of the Victorian WorkSafe Authority Foundries Compliance Code [1] it is appropriate that Australian Aluminium cast houses, die casting shops and foundries review the status of their personal protective clothing/ equipment (PPE) and practices. Since the issuing of the Foundry Code of Practice [2] in 1986 and the issuing of the new Compliance Code in September 2008 there has been a significant change in the range of PPE utilised in cast houses. This change has been brought about as a result of the advancement in the design and development of the materials used, extensive industry experience and collaboration. The choice of appropriate PPE is also guided by the range and impact of injuries sustained in cast houses. This paper aims to highlight the number of PPE advancements and range of experiences gained between the writing of the Foundry Code of Practice and Foundry Compliance Code as well as to serve as a reference for future improvements for the protection of cast house personnel.

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Han, Rui, Wei Mo, and Ri Xue Jin. "Research on the Application of BIM Technology in Indemnificatory Houses Planning and Design." Applied Mechanics and Materials 587-589 (July 2014): 2290–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.587-589.2290.

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Building quality indemnificatory houses is an important issue to improve people's livelihood, is an important guarantee for promoting social harmony and stability. In order to adapt to the new situation, making indemnificatory houses becoming more humanized design, scientification and efficiency. Better optimizing the design by BIM (Building Information Modeling) technology, controlling construction costs, improving the efficiency of building maintenance, this move conforms to ecological architecture policy, the development strategy of energy conservation, which advocated by the government. In this study we plan to research the whole building life cycle with BIM technology. We will analysis the supply and demand data collected from housing applicants, optimize the site planning and house graphic design, till draw the construction plans. We will make full use of BIM technology advanced functions, such as collaborative production network, building performance analysis, collision detection and visualization equipment interior configuration options .we look forward to establish a new model for indemnificatory houses design, and provide a more suitable living space for housing applicants, optimize spatial pattern of urban and rural, optimize management pattern, improve the city's overall carrying capacity.

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Betteridge, K., and W. G. K. Andrewes. "A device for measuring and sampling urine output from free-grazing steers." Journal of Agricultural Science 106, no. 2 (April 1986): 389–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859600063991.

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SUMMARYA non-surgical device which collects a pre-determined proportion of the urine voided by free grazing male cattle is described. The behaviour of animals trained to wear the collection equipment was similar to that of their contemporaries without the equipment. The performance and maintenance of the device are discussed.

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Bailescu, Catalin, Tiberiu Catalina, and Vlad Iordache. "Studies on acoustic comfort in a passive house." E3S Web of Conferences 111 (2019): 06080. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201911106080.

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Acoustic comfort is a requirement of major importance during the design of houses. This study focused on the acoustic comfort parameter called sound pressure level. The value of this parameter is variable during operation of a particular building , depending on the type of absorbent material and them surface. The aim of this study is to determine the influence of the equipment of the technical space for a passive house . In this study was experimentally determined the value of noise for a Passive House in Romania using specialized equipment and software from Bruel & Kjaer . With these equipment and software were simulated different functional parameters of heat recovery and circulation pump, and different ways of placing the house on various types of roads leading sound pressure level simultaneously for five rooms , result compared with rules imposed values for each type of room.

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Sullivan, L. E., R. W. Blowey, S. D. Carter, J. S. Duncan, D. H. Grove-White, P. Page, T. Iveson, J. W. Angell, and N. J. Evans. "Presence of digital dermatitis treponemes on cattle and sheep hoof trimming equipment." Veterinary Record 175, no. 8 (May 12, 2014): 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.102269.

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Tibulca, Dorin, Claudiu Dan Salagean, and Mirela Jimborean. "The Establish of the Coliforms/cm2 on the Area of Cattle Carcass Air Drying." Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Food Science and Technology 71, no. 1 (May 20, 2014): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-fst:10122.

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Coliforms present in 1 cm2 of carcass surface shows the degree of contamination during slaughtering as well as the hygienic condition of the air, the slaughtering hall, the equipment getting in contact with the carcasses, of the utensils, operators’ work equipment, of the operators’ hygiene. The indicator is determined by inoculating microorganisms from the carcasses surface in nutritional and selective environments, followed by their placing under heat control and counting of the microorganisms.

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Leal, Jeff, Marc Robinson, and Suzette Pangrle. "Enabling Packaging Houses to Achieve 3D Integration without Interposers." Additional Conferences (Device Packaging, HiTEC, HiTEN, and CICMT) 2012, DPC (January 1, 2012): 000893–923. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/2012dpc-tp16.

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The growth of small portable consumer electronics has increased the requirements of creating densely stacked packages with ever decreasing footprints while still increasing storage capacities as well as accessible memory. Traditional approaches to create these packages have included wire-bonding and Package on Package (PoP) as well as through Silicon Via (TSV). All of these methods present a solution to current system requirements, each with its own drawback. This paper will discuss a novel method in which a vertical 3D die stack can be created of similar an in some cases dissimilar die. The final 3D structure of stacked die will present no XY offset between any level of the die stack achieving the smallest possible form factor. This method also eliminates the requirements of creating an interposer for the electrical connection between layers. The final result is a completely vertical die stack with electrical connections drawn on the outside edges of the die stack which adds <400um total in either the X or Y axis of the package. We will discuss required equipment, the best known methods and the optimal materials required to achieve the final product as well as JEDEC reliability data proving package robustness, such as Temperature Cycle, biased-HAST and High Temperature Storage.

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Wulandari, Wahyuni Amelia, Jhon Firison, Zul Efendi, Harwi Kusnadi, and Erpan Ramon. "The use of family labor in beef cattle cultivation (case in women farmer groups receiving beef cattle assistance in Bengkulu)." E3S Web of Conferences 306 (2021): 02037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202130602037.

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Beef cattle cultivation is a side job for farmers which is carried out by family labor and the incomes are used to finance various needs of the farmers’ family. This study aims to determine the use of family labor in beef cattle cultivation and the use of livestock sales. The research was carried out from October 2020 to April 2021 in two Women Farmers Groups (WFG) in Bengkulu City and Seluma Regency who received beef cattle assistance from the government. Data were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that in general, beef cattle cultivation was carried out jointly by man and women farmers with a labor allocation of 39.59%. In intensive farming, farmers are more dominant in cultivation activities amounting to 46.25%, while in semi-intensive farming women farmers are more dominant in cultivation activities (41.06%). The income from the sale of livestock are mainly used for children's education expenses and buying vehicles (91.67% each), building or renovating houses (87.50%), and buying feeder cattle (79.17%). For the development of beef cattle in farmer group, it is necessary to consider the cultivation system before determining the target of recipient of the program. The development by WFG is more suitable for semi-intensive cultivation systems.

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Park, Hyeon, Daeheon Park, and Sehan Kim. "Anomaly Detection of Operating Equipment in Livestock Farms Using Deep Learning Techniques." Electronics 10, no. 16 (August 14, 2021): 1958. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10161958.

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In order to establish a smart farm, many kinds of equipment are built and operated inside and outside of a pig house. Thus, the environment for livestock (limited to pigs in this paper) in the barn is properly maintained for its growth conditions. However, due to poor environments such as closed pig houses, lack of stable power supply, inexperienced livestock management, and power outages, the failure of these environment equipment is high. Thus, there are difficulties in detecting its malfunctions during equipment operation. In this paper, based on deep learning, we provide a mechanism to quickly detect anomalies of multiple equipment (environmental sensors and controllers, etc.) in each pig house at the same time. In particular, environmental factors (temperature, humidity, CO2, ventilation, radiator temperature, external temperature, etc.) to be used for learning were extracted through the analysis of data accumulated for the generation of predictive models of each equipment. In addition, the optimal recurrent neural network (RNN) environment was derived by analyzing the characteristics of the learning RNN. In this way, the accuracy of the prediction model can be improved. In this paper, the real-time input data (only in the case of temperature) was intentionally induced above the threshold, and 93% of the abnormalities were detected to determine whether the equipment was abnormal.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Cattle houses and equipment'

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