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Journal articles on the topic 'Causal relationship'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 26 July 2025

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1

Barukčić, Ilija. "Causal relationship k." International Journal of Mathematics Trends and Technology 66, no. 10 (2020): 76–115. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4167492.

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<strong>Objectives:</strong> Analyzing experimental data in basic and clinical pharmacology and other research areas for cause effect relationships requires appropriate statistical methods too. <strong>Methods:</strong> The axiom <em>lex identitatis</em> or <strong>+ 1 = +1</strong> was the foundation of a hypothetico-deductive method used to describe <em>the relationship between a cause and an effect</em> by the tools of <em>probability theory</em>. Let p(U<sub>t</sub>) denote the probability of a quantum mechanical observable, a random variable U<sub>t</sub> (a cause) <em>at a single</em> <e

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Barukciˇ c, Ilija. "Causal relationship k." International Journal of Mathematics Trends and Technology 66, no. 10 (2020): 76–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.14445/22315373/ijmtt-v66i10p512.

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Barukčić, Ilija. "The causal relationship k." MATEC Web of Conferences 336 (2021): 09032. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202133609032.

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Aim: A detailed and sophisticated analysis of causal relationships and chains of causation in medicine, life and other sciences by logically consistent statistical meth¬ods in the light of empirical data is still not a matter of daily routine for us. Methods: In this publication, the relationship between cause and effect is characterized while using the tools of classical logic and probability theory. Results: Methods how to determine conditions are developed in detail. The causal rela-tionship k has been derived mathematically from the axiom +1 = +1. Conclusion: Non-experimental and experimen

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Bourrat, Pierrick. "Measuring Causal Invariance Formally." Entropy 23, no. 6 (2021): 690. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e23060690.

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Invariance is one of several dimensions of causal relationships within the interventionist account. The more invariant a relationship between two variables, the more the relationship should be considered paradigmatically causal. In this paper, I propose two formal measures to estimate invariance, illustrated by a simple example. I then discuss the notion of invariance for causal relationships between non-nominal (i.e., ordinal and quantitative) variables, for which Information theory, and hence the formalism proposed here, is not well suited. Finally, I propose how invariance could be qualifie

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Verina, Galina V. "Causal relationship and other causal dependences in careless crimes." Current Issues of the State and Law, no. 3 (2022): 322–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.20310/2587-9340-2022-6-3-322-330.

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Introduction: in modern realities, the criminal law concept of the necessary causation ceases to be universal, which causes serious concern for scientists and initiates cognitive processes in this legal space. The raised set of scientific and applied issues, due, among other things, to the rapid development of digitalization and artificial intelligence, the integration of new technologies in all spheres of life, accumulates the most important theoretical and applied problem of cause-and-effect relationship and other causal dependencies between a socially dangerous act and a socially dangerous

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TAKEUCHI, Kei. "CAUSAL RELATIONSHIP AND STATISICAL METHOD." Kodo Keiryogaku (The Japanese Journal of Behaviormetrics) 14, no. 1 (1986): 85–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2333/jbhmk.14.85.

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Lai, Tzu-Hsien. "Correlation, Confounding and Causal Relationship." Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain 51, no. 9 (2011): 1450. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1526-4610.2011.01891.x.

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SERDIUK, V. P., YE V. SERDIUK, A. L. TERESHCHENKO, and O. O. FAST. "CAUSAL RELATIONSHIP IN AVIATION EVENTS." Scientific Journal of Public and Private Law, no. 5 (2022): 166–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.32844/2618-1258.2022.5.27.

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M, NITHISHWAR, SANTHOSH G, and FATHIMA BASHEERA M. "A causal relationship between diabetes mellitus and depression." World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences 15, no. 3 (2023): 011–17. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10703408.

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In today’s modern world depression has become a common stress factor among both men and women irrespective of age. But to be specific, it has been found that there is a strong relationship between diabetes and depression. The rate of this relationship seems to be higher and much literature suggests us the numbers could be increasing in the future. Depression in diabetes may arise due to some factors such as comorbidities, improper management of blood glucose level, patient’s financial status in managing the conditions can precipitate depression. Other physiological factors like the

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Dong, Zhiliang, Yanjing Jia, Ziyang Wang, and Qiaoran Yang. "Research on the Quantitative Causal Transmission of Stock Price Fluctuations of Listed Companies in the Rare Earth Industry Chain." International Journal of Energy Research 2023 (October 27, 2023): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/6667221.

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Rare earth is an important strategic mineral resource, and the study of the causes of stock price fluctuations of rare earth listed companies and their transmission can enable all parties in the market to have a clearer understanding of current market relationships. In this study, the quantitative causality analysis model and complex network method are used to analyze each link within the rare earth industry chain and the relationship between regions from the quantitative causality of stock price fluctuations among listed companies in the rare earth industry. The main transmission paths of flu

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Senkevich, Konstantin, Sara Bandres-Ciga, Eric Yu, Upekha E. Liyanage, Alastair J. Noyce, and Ziv Gan-Or. "No Evidence for a Causal Relationship Between Cancers and Parkinson’s Disease." Journal of Parkinson's Disease 11, no. 2 (2021): 801–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jpd-202474.

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Background: Epidemiological data suggest that cancer patients have a reduced risk of subsequent Parkinson’s disease (PD) development, but the prevalence of PD in melanoma patients is often reported to be increased. Causal relationships between cancers and PD have not been fully explored. Objective: To study causal relationship between different cancers and PD. Methods: We used GWAS summary statistics of 15 different types of cancers and two-sample Mendelian randomization to study the causal relationship with PD. Results: There was no evidence to support a causal relationship between the studie

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12

Polavieja, José. "Acute Myocardial Infarction and Allergy, Causal or Casual Relationship?" Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions 4, no. 12 (2021): 01–04. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2641-0419/175.

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A 53-year-old man with a known allergy to metamizole presented for acute gonalgia, receiving metamizole by mistake. He suffers a severe allergy reaction accompanied by chest pain and signs of acute lower myocardial infarction, which subsides with treatment of anaphylactic shock and fibrinolysis, without observing intracoronary thrombus or signs of complication of atherosclerotic plaque. LEARNING OBJECTIVE An exceptional clinical case is presented illustrating an acute myocardial infarction related to a severe allergic reaction. In addition, a review of the optimal management of this entity is

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Salih Faraj, Fouzi. "Agricultural Exports and Agricultural GDP Causal Relationship in Libya." International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) 11, no. 9 (2022): 107–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.21275/sr22829234040.

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GENG, Zhi. "Relationship of causal effects in a causal chain and related inference." Science in China Series A 47, no. 5 (2004): 730. http://dx.doi.org/10.1360/02ys0374.

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Mesa, Francisco, Ricardo Munoz, Cristina Godoy, and Francisco O'Valle. "Periodontitis and Atherosclerosis, a Causal Relationship?" Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents in Medicinal Chemistry 7, no. 3 (2008): 199–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/187152308785699218.

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Park, Jin Yong. "Reciprocal Causal Relationship between Trust Targets." Korean Marketing Review 30, no. 2 (2015): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.15830/kmr.2015.30.2.53.

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탁기현. "The Causal Relationship of English Resultatives." Jungang Journal of English Language and Literature 52, no. 4 (2010): 373–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.18853/jjell.2010.52.4.018.

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Комаров, О. Д. "The mistake of the causal relationship." Problems of Legality, no. 128 (March 31, 2015): 74–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.21564/2414-990x.128.52094.

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KURATSUNE, Masanori. "ON THE INFERENCE OF CAUSAL RELATIONSHIP." Kodo Keiryogaku (The Japanese Journal of Behaviormetrics) 14, no. 1 (1986): 79–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2333/jbhmk.14.79.

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20

Romo, Matthew L., and Denis Nash. "Onchocerciasis and epilepsy: a causal relationship?" Lancet Infectious Diseases 18, no. 11 (2018): 1172–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1473-3099(18)30488-2.

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21

Bhanot, S., and J. H. McNeill. "Insulin and hypertension: a causal relationship?" Cardiovascular Research 31, no. 2 (1996): 212–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0008-6363(95)00218-9.

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Miklossy, J. "ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE, SPIROCHETES—A CAUSAL RELATIONSHIP." Innovation in Aging 1, suppl_1 (2017): 274. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igx004.1006.

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23

Robinson, A. A. "Breast cancer: A significant causal relationship." Medical Hypotheses 46, no. 5 (1996): 483–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0306-9877(96)90030-4.

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Policardo, Laura, Lionello F. Punzo, and Edgar J. Sanchez Carrera. "On the wage–productivity causal relationship." Empirical Economics 57, no. 1 (2018): 329–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00181-018-1428-5.

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25

Quaas, Georg, and J. David Singer. "Alliances and war: A causal relationship?" Global Society 12, no. 3 (1998): 279–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13600829808443167.

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Howard, R. S., and R. Gabriel. "Glomerulonephritis in sarcoidosis: causal relationship unproven." Postgraduate Medical Journal 68, no. 797 (1992): 206–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/pgmj.68.797.206.

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Bhanot, S. "Insulin and hypertension: a causal relationship?" Cardiovascular Research 31, no. 2 (1996): 212–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0008-6363(95)00218-9.

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Rahevar, Tejalba Takhatsinh. "Causal Relationship in History: A Review." RESEARCH HUB International Multidisciplinary Research Journal 10, no. 8 (2023): 04–09. http://dx.doi.org/10.53573/rhimrj.2023.v10n08.002.

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If any event happens, there must be some specific reason behind it. e.g. For example, if milk is heated in a pan, it boils. This may be due to the boiling property of milk. This is true but it does not clarify. Similarly, one can read or write about past events without knowing why they happened. It is true to say that World War II happened because Hitler wanted war. But it does not provide any sufficient explanation. One who speaks in this way should not make the mistake of calling himself a student of history or a historian. The study of history is the study of causes. According to E.H.Carr,

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29

Feng, Zhijun, Yinghui Wang, Zhengzheng Fu, Jing Liao, Hui Liu, and Meijuan Zhou. "Exploring the Causal Effects of Mineral Metabolism Disorders on Telomere and Mitochondrial DNA: A Bidirectional Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Analysis." Nutrients 16, no. 10 (2024): 1417. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu16101417.

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The aim of this study was to assess the causal relationships between mineral metabolism disorders, representative of trace elements, and key aging biomarkers: telomere length (TL) and mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA-CN). Utilizing bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis in combination with the two-stage least squares (2SLS) method, we explored the causal relationships between mineral metabolism disorders and these aging indicators. Sensitivity analysis can be used to determine the reliability and robustness of the research results. The results confirmed that a positive causal

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30

Fratiwi, Riri Agustina, and Mike Triani. "ANALISIS KAUSALITAS PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI, KEMISKINAN, DAN KETIMPANGAN PENDAPATAN DI SUMATERA BARAT." Jurnal Kajian Ekonomi dan Pembangunan 1, no. 3 (2019): 781. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/jkep.v1i3.7705.

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This stuudy”explains the analysis causality of economic”growth poverty, and income”inequality in west”sumatera. The method used is to a panel regression model. This data uses a combination of time series data”from 2013-2017, which consists of 19 city districts. Data obtained from BPS annual”report (Statistics Indonesia). The”results of”this study show that (1) there is no”causall relationship”between”economic”growth and poverty (2) there is a causal relationship”between”economic”growth”and inequality (3) there is no causal relationship”between poverty”and income”inequaality.

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Chvykov, Pavel, and Erik Hoel. "Causal Geometry." Entropy 23, no. 1 (2020): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e23010024.

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Information geometry has offered a way to formally study the efficacy of scientific models by quantifying the impact of model parameters on the predicted effects. However, there has been little formal investigation of causation in this framework, despite causal models being a fundamental part of science and explanation. Here, we introduce causal geometry, which formalizes not only how outcomes are impacted by parameters, but also how the parameters of a model can be intervened upon. Therefore, we introduce a geometric version of “effective information”—a known measure of the informativeness of

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Miftahul Jannah, Ahmad, and Muhamad Armawaddin. "CAUSAL RELATIONSHIP AMONG HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX (HDI), ECONOMIC GROWTH AND POVERTY IN SULAWESI ISLAND." Iqtishaduna : International Conference Proceeding 1 (January 7, 2025): 273–78. https://doi.org/10.54783/m3cfbe97.

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This study investigates the causal relationships among the Human Development Index (HDI), economic growth, and poverty in Sulawesi Island. The aim is to test and analyze the causal interactions among HDI, Economic growth, and poverty across thus region. Using panel data from six provinces on Sulawesi Island From 2007-2023, the study applies the granger causality test. The findings reveal a one-way causal relationship from the Human Development Index to economic growth, a two-way causal relationship between economic growth and poverty on Sulawesi Island.

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Kim, Byoung Joon, Seoyong Kim, Youngcheoul Kang, and Sohee Kim. "Searching for the New Behavioral Model in Energy Transition Age: Analyzing the Forward and Reverse Causal Relationships between Belief, Attitude, and Behavior in Nuclear Policy across Countries." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 11 (2022): 6772. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19116772.

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This study aims to analyze the forward/reverse causal relationships between belief (risk perception), attitude (judgment), and behavior (acceptance). A traditional view stresses forward causal relationships between the three variables. However, recently, several studies have reported the possibility of reverse causal relationships between them. Based on survey data collected from 1027 Korean/Japanese participants, here we test not only the forward or reverse relationships between these three variables, but also how such causal relationships depend on the trust and country contexts (Korea and J

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Kim, Hyun Soo, and Kun Chang Lee. "Fuzzy implications of fuzzy cognitive map with emphasis on fuzzy causal relationship and fuzzy partially causal relationship." Fuzzy Sets and Systems 97, no. 3 (1998): 303–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0165-0114(96)00349-1.

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Fan, Ji-Chang, Jin-Heng Gan, and Hao Lu. "The relationship between periodontal disease and gastric cancer: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study." Medicine 103, no. 24 (2024): e38490. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000038490.

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Background: Previous observational studies have suggested a possible association between periodontal disease and gastric cancer (GC); however, a causal relationship has not yet been established. This study aimed to explore the causal relationship between the 2 through a 2-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) study. Methods: Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) summary statistics were obtained from publicly available GWAS and relevant databases. Two-sample bidirectional MR analysis was conducted to investigate the causal relationship between periodontal disease and GC using the i

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Garc a-Parrado, Alfonso, and Jos M. M. Senovilla. "Causal relationship: a new tool for the causal characterization of Lorentzian manifolds." Classical and Quantum Gravity 20, no. 4 (2003): 625–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0264-9381/20/4/305.

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Ra, Young Sun, Sung Yi Cha, Myoung-Ho Hyun, and Sung Man Bae. "The mediating effects of attribution styles on the relationship between overt-covert narcissism and forgiveness." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 41, no. 6 (2013): 881–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2013.41.6.881.

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The aim in the current study was to investigate the causal relationships among the variables of covert-overt narcissism, causal attribution, responsibility attribution, and forgiveness based on the entailment model. Our aim was to differentiate between overt and covert narcissism in terms of their relationship with forgiveness. First, our findings in this study demonstrated that only covert narcissism was associated with forgiveness, whereas there was no association between overt narcissism and forgiveness. Second, path analysis revealed that both causal attribution and responsibility attribut

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Ki, Eyun-Jung, and Linda Hon. "Causal Linkages between Relationship Cultivation Strategies and Relationship Quality Outcomes." International Journal of Strategic Communication 3, no. 4 (2009): 242–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15531180903218630.

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CHU, BEI-TSENG B. "DIAGNOSIS WITH CONTINUOUS AND DISCRETE CAUSAL RELATIONSHIPS: KNOWLEDGE REPRESENTATION." International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence 06, no. 04 (1992): 731–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218001492000370.

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Most present research on diagnostic reasoning has dealt with discrete causal relationships. However, continuous causal relationships are frequently encountered in many applications, particularly in equipment/instrument diagnostic applications. This paper offers an integrated model of discrete and continuous causal relationships based on probability theory. Four types of continuous and discrete causal relationships are identified. For each type of causal relationship the following issues are addressed: its semantics and causation strength based on probability theory, and how causation strength

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Kayesh, Md Safiulla, and Ashma Siddiqa. "The Impact of Renewable Energy Consumption on Economic Growth in Bangladesh: Evidence from ARDL and VECM Analyses." International Journal of Energy Production and Management 8, no. 3 (2023): 149–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/ijepm.080303.

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In pursuit of achieving developed country status by 2041, Bangladesh is committed to comprehensive socioeconomic development—a goal intrinsically tied to the critical task of securing a reliable, uninterrupted energy supply while optimizing utilization of available energy sources. This study used 1980–2018 annual data to examine the implications of energy transition and causal relationships among economic growth, renewable energy, and natural gas consumption in Bangladesh. A rigorous two-step process investigated the causal correlations among variables. The autoregressive distributive lag (ARD

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Zhang, Ruixiaoxiao, Geoffrey QP Shen, Meng Ni, and Johnny Wong. "The relationship between energy consumption and gross domestic product in Hong Kong (1992–2015): Evidence from sectoral analysis and implications on future energy policy." Energy & Environment 31, no. 2 (2019): 215–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0958305x19854542.

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The causal relationship between energy consumption and gross domestic product in Hong Kong from 1992 to 2015 is investigated in this study. Different from the previous studies focusing on the causal relationship between total energy consumption and total gross domestic product per capita, this study further investigates the causal relationship from sectoral perspective, including residential, commercial, industrial and transportation sectors. For each sector, the time series data of sectoral energy consumption and sectoral per capita value added are collected. To conduct the Granger causality

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Echobu, John, Emmanuel Apedzan Kighir, and Stella Nonyelum Odunko. "Imports, Exports and Foreign Reserves in Nigeria: Exploring the Long and Short-Run Relationships from the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) Approach." FUDMA Journal of Accounting and Finance Research [FUJAFR] 2, no. 3 (2024): 73–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.33003/fujafr-2024.v2i3.59.73-83.

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The imports of goods and services, a component of international trade, can boost economic progress when carried out on productive commodities. However, excessive imports of goods and services also stifle the growth of indigenous industries. Understanding the short- and long-run relationships between imports and other macroeconomic factors is necessary for planning by managers of the economy. This study examined the relationship between imports, exports, and foreign reserves in Nigeria for 10 years spanning from 2012 to 2021. Monthly time series data were tested for stationarity using the augme

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Al-Dababi, Khaldoun, Rabe’a Al- Dababi, and Abdulsalam Abdelrahman. "Causal Relationship Modeling of the Big-Five Factors, Self-Efficacy, and Happiness of Jordan University of Science and Technology Students." Journal of Educational and Psychological Studies [JEPS] 13, no. 1 (2019): 46–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.53543/jeps.vol13iss1pp46-64.

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The purpose of this study was to unveil the causal relationship of the big-five factors, self-efficacy and happiness for JUST students. Based on scientific foundations, it constructed a proposed causal relationship model using path analysis for interpreting happiness. To achieve this goal, the Big Five Factors by John, Donahue & Kentle, (1991), the General Self-Efficacy Scale of Schwarzer & Jerusalem, (1995), and Oxford Happiness Inventory were employed. The sample consisted of 377 students chosen on availability grounds. The results showed no statistically significant differences betw

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Al-Dababi, Khaldoun, Rabe’a Al- Dababi, and Abdulsalam Abdelrahman. "Causal Relationship Modeling of the Big-Five Factors, Self-Efficacy, and Happiness of Jordan University of Science and Technology Students." Journal of Educational and Psychological Studies [JEPS] 13, no. 1 (2019): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jeps.vol13iss1pp46-64.

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The purpose of this study was to unveil the causal relationship of the big-five factors, self-efficacy and happiness for JUST students. Based on scientific foundations, it constructed a proposed causal relationship model using path analysis for interpreting happiness. To achieve this goal, the Big Five Factors by John, Donahue & Kentle, (1991), the General Self-Efficacy Scale of Schwarzer & Jerusalem, (1995), and Oxford Happiness Inventory were employed. The sample consisted of 377 students chosen on availability grounds. The results showed no statistically significant differences betw

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45

Saito, Motoyuki, and Tsuneo Shimazaqki. "Interpreting Covariation in Inferring Preventive Causal Relationship." Proceedings of the Annual Convention of the Japanese Psychological Association 78 (September 10, 2014): 2PM—1–099–2PM—1–099. http://dx.doi.org/10.4992/pacjpa.78.0_2pm-1-099.

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Law, Kenneth S. "CAUSAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ATTITUDINAL ANTECEDENTS TO TURNOVER." Academy of Management Proceedings 1995, no. 1 (1995): 342–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.1995.17536630.

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Barilo, A. A., and S. V. Smirnova. "Causal relationship between allergy and seborrheic dermatitis." Bulletin of Siberian Medicine 21, no. 2 (2022): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.20538/1682-0363-2022-2-13-18.

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Seborrheic dermatitis is a chronic relapsing inflammatory skin disease associated with overproduction of sebum and activation of the fungal skin microbiota characterized by the presence of erythematous pruritic patches and plaques with greasy scales in areas rich in sebaceous glands.Aim. To study the spectrum of sensitization to food, pollen, and indoor and fungal allergens in patients with seborrheic dermatitis.Materials and methods. The study researched features of the spectrum of sensitization to food, pollen, and fungal and indoor allergens in patients with seborrheic dermatitis (n = 40, a

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48

Kyung Soo Do and 최재혁. "Inferring the Causal Relationship between Three Events." Korean Journal of Cognitive Science 21, no. 1 (2010): 47–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.19066/cogsci.2010.21.1.003.

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Fujii, Yoshio, and Yuichi Sakai. "Analysis of Causal Relationship for Streetscape Evaluation." Journal of the City Planning Institute of Japan 37 (2002): 1045–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.11361/journalcpij.37.1045.

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Fujii, Yoshio, and Yuichi Sakai. "Analysis of Causal Relationship for Streetscape Evaluation." Journal of the City Planning Institute of Japan 37 (2002): 1045. http://dx.doi.org/10.11361/cpij1.37.0.1045.0.

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