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Journal articles on the topic 'Causality link'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 October 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Đidelija, Irma. "The Causal Link Between Savings and Economic Growth in Bosnia and Herzegovina." South East European Journal of Economics and Business 16, no. 2 (2021): 114–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jeb-2021-0018.

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Abstract The causal link between savings and economic growth has been extensively discussed in the economic growth and development literature, but the question of the direction of this link has not yet been clearly defined. The aim of this paper is to determine the direction and intensity of savings causality (components of private savings) and economic growth in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Granger’s causality test, the Toda-Yamamoto procedure, was applied to test for causality between savings and economic growth. The results of Granger’s causality test indicated that there is no causal link betwe

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Velikanov, S. V. "THE STRUCTURE OF THE CAUSE AND EFFECT LINK IN THE CAUSALITY THEORY OF CRIMINALISTICS." Theory and Practice of Forensic Science and Criminalistics 15 (November 30, 2016): 73–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.32353/khrife.2015.08.

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The article deals with the issues of the cause and effect link structure in the causality theory of criminalistics. It identifies similarity levels for causality as well as their hierarchy. Within the context of subject’s instrumental causality the link structure is represented by related events «the subject’s decision», «the subject’s action», «the use of the means», «the formation of the trace». Within the context of the subject causality without instruments the article discusses the links between the events «the subject’s decision» - «the subject’s actions» - «the formation of the trace». T

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3

Gilbertson, Michael, and R. Stephen Schneider. "Causality: The Missing Link Between Science and Policy." Journal of Great Lakes Research 19, no. 4 (1993): 720–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0380-1330(93)71260-5.

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Gemsenjaeger, Ernst. "Causality Link between Hashimoto Thyroiditis and Thyroid Cancer?" Journal of the American College of Surgeons 205, no. 4 (2007): e1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2007.07.019.

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Chowdhury, Farzana Yesmin, and Sudip Dey. "CAUSAL LINK BETWEEN EXPORT, IMPORT, REMITTANCE AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN BANGLADESH." ASIAN JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS AND FINANCE 4, no. 3 (2022): 331–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.47509/ajef.2022.v04i03.05.

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Given the importance of the economic indicators on the economic growth in Bangladesh, this paper examines the shortrun and long run causality between remittance, imports, exports and GDP growth of Bangladesh using the data over the liberalized period 1976-2016. Applying the Johansen cointegration and elasticity concept, this study finds that variables are cointegrated as well a long run nexus between exports, imports, remittances and GDP growth in Bangladesh. Besides, the Granger Causality test in a VECM (Vector Error Correction Model) framework, this study finds unidirectional causality from

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Chvosteková, Martina, Jozef Jakubík, and Anna Krakovská. "Granger Causality on forward and Reversed Time Series." Entropy 23, no. 4 (2021): 409. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e23040409.

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In this study, the information flow time arrow is investigated for stochastic data defined by vector autoregressive models. The time series are analyzed forward and backward by different Granger causality detection methods. Besides the normal distribution, which is usually required for the validity of Granger causality analysis, several other distributions of predictive errors are considered. A clear effect of a change in the order of cause and effect on the time-reversed series of unidirectionally connected variables was detected with standard Granger causality test (GC), when the product of

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Iqbal, Azhar, and Muhammad Sabihuddin Butt. "Money-income Link in Developing Countries: a Heterogeneous Dynamic Panel Data Approach." Pakistan Development Review 42, no. 4II (2003): 987–1014. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v42i4iipp.987-1014.

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The question whether real money causes real output appears to be important for many economists working in the area of macroeconomics and, has been subjected to a variety of modern econometric techniques, producing conflicting results. One often applied method to investigate the empirical relationship between money and real activity is Granger causality analysis [Granger (1969)]. Using this approach, the causality question can be sharply posed as whether past values of money help to predict current values of output. This concept, however, should be clearly distinguished from any richer philosop

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Jakubík, Jozef, Mary Phuong, Martina Chvosteková, and Anna Krakovská. "Against the Flow of Time with Multi-Output Models." Measurement Science Review 23, no. 4 (2023): 175–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/msr-2023-0023.

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Abstract Recent work has paid close attention to the first principle of Granger causality, according to which cause precedes effect. In this context, the question may arise whether the detected direction of causality also reverses after the time reversal of unidirectionally coupled data. Recently, it has been shown that for unidirectionally causally connected autoregressive (AR) processes X → Y, after time reversal of data, the opposite causal direction Y → X is indeed detected, although typically as part of the bidirectional X ↔ Y link. As we argue here, the answer is different when the measu

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Raifu, Isiaka Akande, and Fidelis Obaniyi Ademola. "Does Causality Between Tourism and Environmental Pollution Depend on Economic Development Level?" Tourism 73, no. 1 (2025): 186–91. https://doi.org/10.37741/t.73.1.13.

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T his study explored the causal link between tourism and CO2 emissions using bivariate and multivariate causality approaches to analyse data from 134 countries. Employing JKS's Panel Granger non-causality method, we established that tourism significantly Granger-causes environmental pollution. The multivariate model exhibited more robust causality than the bivariate model, yet this causality remains consistent regardless of a country's economic development level. This emphasizes the urgent need to address the interplay between tourism and environmental concerns.

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Allen, Samantha, and Jacob H. Swenberg. "Do link polynomials detect causality in globally hyperbolic spacetimes?" Journal of Mathematical Physics 62, no. 3 (2021): 032503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0040956.

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11

Wang, Huiqiang. "The causality link between political risk and stock prices." Journal of Financial Economic Policy 11, no. 3 (2019): 338–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfep-07-2018-0106.

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Purpose Prior studies have paid close attention to the impact of political risk on financial markets. Following this strand of literature, this paper aims to focus on the causality link between political shocks and their impacts on emerging stock markets. Design/methodology/approach This paper highlights an innovative counterfactual model for political risk assessment. Based on a natural experiment, i.e. the Taiwan Strait Crisis in 1995-1996, this study utilizes one data-driven approach, e.g. the synthetic control methods (SCMs), to estimate causal impact of this political shock on Taiwan’s st

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Martarelli, Corinna S. "On the link between phenomenal causality and personality dominance." Cognitive Processing 20, no. 1 (2018): 117–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10339-018-0874-5.

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Koutsoyiannis, Demetris, Christian Onof, Zbigniew W. Kundzewicz, and Antonis Christofides. "On Hens, Eggs, Temperatures and CO2: Causal Links in Earth’s Atmosphere." Sci 5, no. 3 (2023): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sci5030035.

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The scientific and wider interest in the relationship between atmospheric temperature (T) and concentration of carbon dioxide ([CO2]) has been enormous. According to the commonly assumed causality link, increased [CO2] causes a rise in T. However, recent developments cast doubts on this assumption by showing that this relationship is of the hen-or-egg type, or even unidirectional but opposite in direction to the commonly assumed one. These developments include an advanced theoretical framework for testing causality based on the stochastic evaluation of a potentially causal link between two pro

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Schatz, Edward. "Interpretation, causality, and family resemblances." Qualitative & Multi-Method Research 13, no. 2 (2015): 24–28. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.892217.

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How might we link interpretation and causal inference? Our symposium contributors all agree that interpretivist and cau-sality-oriented approaches can be selectively and productively combined. Yet if we are generally bullish on these prospects, our optimism is built on a strong desire to steer clear of what we see in many quarters—namely, the deep subordination of interpretivist approaches to causality-oriented ones. We do not view interpretive methods as the “summer intern” to the supposedly more serious work performed by non-interpretivist tools of inquiry.

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Lu, Xun, Liangjun Su, and Halbert White. "GRANGER CAUSALITY AND STRUCTURAL CAUSALITY IN CROSS-SECTION AND PANEL DATA." Econometric Theory 33, no. 2 (2016): 263–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266466616000086.

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Granger noncausality in distribution is fundamentally a probabilistic conditional independence notion that can be applied not only to time series data but also to cross-section and panel data. In this paper, we provide a natural definition of structural causality in cross-section and panel data and forge a direct link between Granger (G–) causality and structural causality under a key conditional exogeneity assumption. To put it simply, when structural effects are well defined and identifiable,G–non-causality follows from structural noncausality, and with suitable conditions (e.g., separabilit

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Sarihan, A. Y., and M. Bayir. "Exploring the Link Between Provincial Exports and Economic Growth: Evidence from Türkiye." Economy of regions 20, no. 4 (2024): 1283–99. https://doi.org/10.17059/ekon.reg.2024-4-20.

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Exports play a vital role, particularly for developing countries, and economic growth remains a central goal for all nations. Over time, numerous approaches have sought to understand and explain the causal relationship between exports and macroeconomic indicators, with extensive studies conducted on the subject. This research examines the relationship between exports and economic growth using panel data analysis at the provincial level in Türkiye, offering a unique perspective compared to traditional country-level analyses. Given that international trade is often studied at the national or ent

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Çevik, Emrah, Erdal Atukeren, and Turhan Korkmaz. "Oil Prices and Global Stock Markets: A Time-Varying Causality-In-Mean and Causality-in-Variance Analysis." Energies 11, no. 10 (2018): 2848. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11102848.

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This study examines the Granger-causal relationships between oil price movements and global stock returns by using time-varying Granger-causality tests in mean and in variance. We use the daily returns from Morgan Stanley Capital International (MSCI) G7 and the MSCI Emerging Stock Market Indexes to distinguish between the effects of daily oil price movements on G7 countries’ and emerging market countries’ stock markets. We further divide the emerging markets into two groups as oil-exporting and oil-importing countries. For the oil market, we use both the West Texas Intermediate (WTI) and Brent

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Ijaz, Mariam. "Does Poverty Reduction Cause Economic Development." Sukkur IBA Journal of Economics and Finance 2, no. 1 (2018): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.30537/sijef.v2i1.200.

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Extreme poverty is a threat faced by billions of people making economic development as a chief goal for most of the countries all over the world. Having a deep understanding of the whole gamut of poverty, this study attempts to empirically investigate that whether a causal link exists between poverty reduction and economic development or not? And if it exists, then what is the direction of that causal link. The Panel data cover 26 developing countries, on the basis of the availability of data, for the years from 1994 to 2015. Through Co-integration to Pairwise Granger Causality Test & Gran

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Khan, Raza Ali, Mohd Shahir Liew, and Zulkipli bin Ghazali. "Service and Construction Sector of Malaysia: Causality Link (1991-2013)." Applied Mechanics and Materials 567 (June 2014): 619–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.567.619.

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The number of research studies has been conducted over the importance of service and construction sector in an economy and confirmed that these two sectors are always being closely associated to the aggregate economy and play crucial role in the socio economic development of a country. The objective of this study is to examine the link between the construction and service sector of Malaysia during the last two decades by using time series econometric analysis. The Granger causality approach is used to obtain the objective of the study. The results of the study suggest that there is a uni-direc

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Menard, Audrey-Rose, and Laurent Weill. "Understanding the link between aid and corruption: A causality analysis." Economic Systems 40, no. 2 (2016): 260–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecosys.2016.01.001.

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Chapman, Kenneth S., and Govind Hariharan. "Controlling for causality in the link from income to mortality." Journal of Risk and Uncertainty 8, no. 1 (1994): 85–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01064087.

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AbuAl-Foul, Bassam M., Ismail Genc, and Musa Darayseh. "On the causal link between financial development and economic growth: Case of Jordan." Corporate Ownership and Control 13, no. 2 (2016): 518–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv13i2c3p2.

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This paper empirically examines the causal relation between financial development and economic growth in the case of Jordan for the period 1965 to 2004. That is, the paper attempts to provide answers to the following questions: a) Does financial development promotes economic growth? Or b) Does economic growth promotes financial development? Using Toda and Yamamoto (1995) Granger-no-causality model, the results reveal that there is a uni-directional Granger causality from economic growth to financial development (as defined by log (DC/GDP)).

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Abdellatif, MOUATASSIM, and ECHAOUI Abdellah. "Growth of Monetary Aggregates and Inflation in Morocco: Causality Analysis by the Rolling Band Procedure." African Scientific Journal Vol 3, N° 12 (2022): 431. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6873992.

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<strong>Résumé</strong> Ce papier évalue la relation causale entre la croissance des agrégats monétaires et l'inflation au Maroc. En utilisant le test de causalité de Granger, nous avons examiné le lien de causalité sur différentes périodes de ciblage monétaire. En outre, nous appliquons une procédure de fenêtre glissante sur des données mensuelles sur la période 1985-2020 pour vérifier la robustesse de nos résultats. Les résultats pour l'ensemble de la pé

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Beton Kalmaz, Demet. "Causality between Economic Freedom and Its Components in Türkiye." Optimum Ekonomi ve Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi 12, no. 2 (2025): 407–23. https://doi.org/10.17541/optimum.1681007.

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Economic freedom is known to be a significant driver towards achieving economic growth. This study is essential to shed light on this issue by analysing how the components and the EFI are linked, to plan suitable policies toward improving EFI, thus promoting GDP per capita and economic growth in Türkiye. Hence, the frequency-domain causality test is used to investigate the link between the components and EFI. Empirical analyses are carried out employing time series data covering the years from 2000Q1 to 2021Q4. The estimation results of the frequency-domain causality test confirm that there is

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Koomson-Abekah, Isaac, and Eugene Chinweokwu Nwaba. "Africa-China investment and growth link." Journal of Chinese Economic and Foreign Trade Studies 11, no. 2 (2018): 132–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcefts-11-2017-0034.

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PurposeThis paper aims to investigate China–Africa Investment link, using over two decades of FDI’s data. During the specified periods, African economic growth path has been predominantly upward trending, despite multiple external threats. This impressive growth was partly because of the growth of FDI stock across the region. This study explores the various sources of FDI to Africa, mainly China’s FDI’s and how they influence African macroeconomic indicators, i.e. unemployment, export and import activities.Design/methodology/approachPesaran autoregressive distributive lag (ARDL) is used as a f

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Kaya, Hakan, and Batuhan Özkan. "The Causality Relationship Between Bitcoin and Dollar, Gold and BIST100 Index." Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi 14, no. 1 (2025): 529–46. https://doi.org/10.17798/bitlisfen.1608482.

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This study investigates the causal relationships between Bitcoin and the US Dollar (USD), Gold, and BIST100 Index as alternative investment instruments. Employing Hong’s variance causality test, the research explores spillover effects in mean and volatility. Using daily data from September 17, 2014, to October 13, 2023, the study reveals a one-way average causality from Bitcoin to BIST100 and the USD. Variance test results show a two-way volatility spillover between Bitcoin and USD, Gold, and BIST100. Hacker-Hatemi-J symmetric causality test detects a one-way causality from Bitcoin to the USD,

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Mwakalila, Enock, and Rosemary Taylor. "The Twin Deficits Hypothesis: Revisiting the Link Between Budget Deficits and Trade Deficits in Tanzania." Tanzanian Economic Review 15, no. 1 (2025): 49–76. https://doi.org/10.56279/ter.v15i1.224.

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The Twin Deficit Hypothesis has been extensively examined across various economic contexts, yet its applicability often depends on a country’s unique economic structure and dynamics. This study revisits the hypothesis in Tanzania, analyzing the relationship between the budget and trade deficits using quarterly time series data from 2005 to 2023. Employing a Granger Causality test within a multivariate Vector Error Correction Model, this research explores the direction of causality between the two deficits. The findings confirm a significant short and long-run relationship between the budget an

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Popescu, Cecilia Mihaela. "L’expression de la causalité en latin et dans les langues romanes : matrices formelles et gradation intensionnelle." Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Philologia 67, no. 1 (2022): 201–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/subbphilo.2022.1.12.

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"The Expression of Causality in Latin and in Romance Languages: Formal Frames and Intentional Gradation. This approach proposes a reflection on the expression of “causality” in Latin and in Romance languages. First, we will study the ontology and the multiple nature of the notion of “causality”, as well as the formal matrices of the realization of the causal link between two propositions, between two sentences or between two communication situations. We will then take into consideration the relationship between “causality” and “subjectivity” and we will exemplify this relationship by reviewing

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Miladinov, Goran. "Long-Run and Short-Run Relationship Between Remittances and GDP Per Capita Growth, Evidence from Balkans Countries." Journal of World Economy 2, no. 3 (2023): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.56397/jwe.2023.09.01.

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This research study aims to explore the link between remittances as percentage of GDP and GDP per capita growth in six Balkans countries and Kosovo for the period 2007-2020. Panel cointegration based on dynamic ordinary least squares (DOLS) model was applied to check the magnitude of the potential long-run coefficients between the remittances as percentage of GDP and GDP per capita growth. In addition, the pairwise Granger causality tests were performed to capture the causal link among these two variables. The findings from the DOLS model indicate a positive association between remittance’s in

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Zardoub, Amna. "Time Varying Causality between Oil Price and Precious Metals : Bootstrap Rolling Windows Granger Causality Approach." International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy 14, no. 4 (2024): 344–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.32479/ijeep.15728.

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The study of the interaction between oil price and precious metals occupies a research activity and pushes various economists to seek implications both on the economic and political level. It is also important to take into account the evolution of the oil and precious metals markets throughout the period of the COVID-19 pandemic and recently the Ukraine-Russian war. In this paper, we examine the link between the oil price and three types of precious metals namely gold, silver and platinum using the rolling window Granger bootstrap causality method. The study is conducted on the monthly data of

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Tan, David, and Kan Tsui. "Investigating causality in international air freight and business travel: The case of Australia." Urban Studies 54, no. 5 (2016): 1178–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098015620520.

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Few studies have examined the link between air cargo and business travel, despite there being a generally accepted understanding that these two variables are inextricably related to each other. This paper examines the relationship between air cargo and business travel at the international level and analyses how these two variables are causally related. Moreover, we break down the sample into three major Australian states (New South Wales, Queensland, and Victoria), as each possesses a distinct flavour in trade and commerce. Utilising Granger causality methods, we have found evidence that there

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Ölmez, Fevzi, and Doğukan Tarakçı. "Does trade pattern matter for tourism activities? Evidence from the twenty most visited countries." European Journal of Tourism Research 37 (April 12, 2024): 3706. http://dx.doi.org/10.54055/ejtr.v37i.3253.

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This study aims to investigate the relationship between international tourism and total trade, including exports and imports, for the twenty most visited countries. In order to accurately assess the relationship, the study employs the Emirmahmutoglu and Kose (2011) causality analysis, which accounts for cross-sectional dependency and heterogeneity. The empirical results show a unidirectional causality running from total trade, exports, and imports to international tourist arrivals for Germany, India, Mexico, and the Netherlands. Conversely, the causality runs from international tourist arrival

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Nidhi, Agrawal, Srinivasan P., and Shroff Sumita. "Revisiting the Cointegration and Casual Relationship between Different Financial Markets." Empirical Economics Letters 22, no. 12 (2023): 97–108. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10460559.

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<strong>Abstract: </strong>This study aims to examine the causal link among USD/INR exchange rates, domestic gold prices, crude oil prices, and NIFTY 50 index taking a long period of 13 years from September 2010 to September 2023. We use Augmented Dickey–Fuller (ADF) unit root test, Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model (ARDL) and Granger causality test for the analysis. ARDL results indicate the existence of a long-run relationship among USD/INR, NIFTY 50 and crude prices but absence in gold prices. Granger causality test result reveals a bidirectional causality between the NIFTY index a

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Depken, Craig A., Maja Nikšić Radić, and Hana Paleka. "Causality between Foreign Remittance and Economic Growth: Empirical Evidence from Croatia." Sustainability 13, no. 21 (2021): 12201. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132112201.

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While human capital and foreign capital have received considerable attention in the study of economic growth, foreign remittances are less of a focus. Though some studies have identified the increasing importance of remittances, they have failed to analyze the relationship between foreign remittances and economic growth. The aim of this paper is to investigate the causal link between foreign remittances and economic growth in the Republic of Croatia over the period from 2000q1 to 2020q2. Any causal link is identified using Granger causality tests in vector autoregression models. In addition, v

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Byaro, Mwoya, Abeli Kinyondo, and Patrick Musonda. "Economic growth and under-five malaria mortality in Tanzania mainland: from correlation analysis to causality." International Journal of Health 5, no. 1 (2017): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijh.v5i1.7533.

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This paper establishes empirical evidence related with correlation and causality between economic growth (as measured by GDP per capita) and under-five malaria mortality in Tanzania Mainland. The goal is to contribute knowledge on the existing relationship between economic growth and under-five malaria mortality. Correlation and scatter regression analysis plot were employed to find out the relationship among the (GDP per Capita), Insecticides Treated Nets (ITNs) distributed, Human Resources (physicians and nurses) and under-five malaria mortality from the year 2004 to 2015. Moreover, Granger

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Kaur, Manpreet, Surendra S. Yadav, and Vinayshil Gautam. "A bivariate causality link between foreign direct investment and economic growth." Journal of International Trade Law and Policy 12, no. 1 (2013): 68–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/14770021311312502.

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Mokni, Khaled, Mohamed Sahbi Nakhli, Othman Mnari, and Khemaies Bougatef. "Symmetric and Asymmetric Causal Relationship between Oil Prices and G7 Stock Markets: A Bootstrap Rolling-Window Granger Causality Test." Journal of Economic Integration 36, no. 4 (2021): 718–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.11130/jei.2021.36.4.718.

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This study examines the causal relationships between oil prices and the MSCI stock index of G7 countries between September 2004 and October 2020. This study is novel in implementing symmetric and asymmetric time-varying causality tests based on the bootstrap rolling-window approach. The results reveal that the causal link between oil prices and G7 stock markets is time-dependent. The periods of bidirectional causality roughly coincide with the global financial crisis and the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. When asymmetry is accounted for, the results suggest an asymmetric causality between the two

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Khan, Muhammad Irfan, Athar Iqbal, Syed Imran Zaman, and Faraz Wajidi. "Unemployment: A Missing Link." Market Forces 15, no. 2 (2020): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.51153/mf.v15i2.463.

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Developing countries like Pakistan face a host of economic problems in the form of stagnant exports, low economic growth, inadequate private investment, and inefficient utilization of foreign direct investment. Given these problems, we have examined macroeconomic factors impact on unemployment in Pakistan from 1967 to 2018. We also tested the proposed hypotheses through “VAR, fully modified least squares, and Granger causality tests.” Our results suggest that exports did not stimulate jobs in Pakistan. Perhaps, Pakistan needs to diversify its exports by focusing on non-conventional value-added

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Kalliokoski, Toni, and Katri Havu. "Article: Single Infringements of Competition Law: Who is liable for what?" Common Market Law Review 61, Issue 2 (2024): 417–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/cola2024027.

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The private enforcement of EU competition law depends on national remedial and procedural rules. Both EU law and national rules require a causal link to be established between a harmful event and the resultant harm. The content of this causal link is mostly a matter for national rules. The ECJ case law on the nature of said causal link therefore remains underdeveloped, even though the issue of causality is highly relevant as it concerns every private enforcement case. This article explores the implications of the EU competition law notion of “single infringement” for private enforcement in gen

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Ugwu, Ephraim, Johnson Okoh, and Stella Mbah. "THE LINK BETWEEN BANK CREDIT AND PRIVATE SECTOR INVESTMENT IN NIGERIA FROM 1980-2014." Oradea Journal of Business and Economics 2, no. 1 (2017): 43–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.47535/1991ojbe016.

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This study attempts to investigate the link between bank credit and private sector investment in Nigeria from 1980 to 2014 using Ordinary Least Square (OLS) regression procedure. The study also employs other preliminary investigations which include, unit root, cointegration and Granger causality test procedures. The OLS result indicates that the coefficients of the variables which include, banks credit to the private sector (CRPRIVAT), trade openness (OPEN), exchange rate (EXCHR) and total bank saving (BSAVING) exhibit positive signs to the dependent variable, private investment (INVEST) durin

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SEDDON, TOBY. "Explaining the Drug–Crime Link: Theoretical, Policy and Research Issues." Journal of Social Policy 29, no. 1 (2000): 95–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047279400005833.

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The belief that drug addiction is the motor behind much property crime has been a key part of recent UK drug policy. Review of the literature shows that the empirical evidence does not support this view. It also demonstrates that the fundamental weakness of existing research is its failure to address the question of causality properly, relying mainly on uni-directional mechanistic ‘cause-and-effect’ models. It is suggested that the drug–crime link needs to be conceived in the context of the interaction and inter-relation of a range of factors operating at different levels and as part of a set

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42

Purnama, Yudi Purnama. "Fixed Broadband Penetration and Economic Growth." Australian Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy 6, no. 3 (2018): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.18080/ajtde.v6n3.151.

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This study explores causal relationships between fixed broadband penetration, gross capital accumulation, the degree of urbanisation, and economic growth, using panel data from 9 ASEAN member countries in 2003-2016. Employing multivariate models, we reveal bidirectional causality between fixed broadband penetration and economic growth, with a higher magnitude of effect from GDP per capita to broadband penetration. Furthermore, fixed broadband penetration has bidirectional causality to urbanisation, while a unidirectional link exists from fixed broadband penetration to gross capital accumulatio

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Purnama, Yudi Purnama. "Fixed Broadband Penetration and Economic Growth." Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy 6, no. 3 (2018): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.18080/jtde.v6n3.151.

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This study explores causal relationships between fixed broadband penetration, gross capital accumulation, the degree of urbanisation, and economic growth, using panel data from 9 ASEAN member countries in 2003-2016. Employing multivariate models, we reveal bidirectional causality between fixed broadband penetration and economic growth, with a higher magnitude of effect from GDP per capita to broadband penetration. Furthermore, fixed broadband penetration has bidirectional causality to urbanisation, while a unidirectional link exists from fixed broadband penetration to gross capital accumulatio

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44

Fakudze, Siphe-okuhle, Asrat Tsegaye, and Kin Sibanda. "The relationship between financial development and economic growth in Eswatini (formerly Swaziland)." African Journal of Economic and Management Studies 13, no. 1 (2021): 15–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ajems-06-2021-0291.

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PurposeThe paper examined the relationship between financial development and economic growth for the period 1996 to 2018 in Eswatini.Design/methodology/approachThe Autoregressive Distributed Lag bounds test (ARDL) was employed to determine the long-run and short-run dynamics of the link between the variables of interest. The Granger causality test was also performed to establish the direction of causality between financial development and economic growth.FindingsThe ARDL results revealed that there is a long-run relationship between financial development and economic growth. The Granger causal

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Coulibaly, Daouda, and Fulgence Zran Goueu. "An Empirical Analysis of the Link between Economic Growth and Exports in Côte d’Ivoire." International Business Research 12, no. 9 (2019): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ibr.v12n9p94.

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This paper aims to analyze the relationship between exports and economic growth in C&ocirc;te d&rsquo;Ivoire. In order to achieve this objective, annual data for the period 1960-2017 were tested by using the cointegration approach of Pesaran, Shin and Smith, including the causality test of Breitung and Schreiber. According to our analysis it is only exports that drive economic growth and not the opposite. Exports act positively and significantly on economic growth in the short term as well as in the long term. The causality test of Breitung and schreiber indicates a one-way long-run ca

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Igel, Matthew. "Lagrangian Cloud Tracking and the Precipitation-Column Humidity Relationship." Atmosphere 9, no. 8 (2018): 289. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos9080289.

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The tropical, oceanic mean relationship between column relative humidity and precipitation is highly non-linear. Mean precipitation remains weak until it rapidly picks up and grows at high column humidity. To investigate the origin of this relationship, a Lagrangian cloud tracking code, RAMStracks, is developed, which can follow the evolution of clouds. RAMStracks can record the morphological properties of convective clouds, the meteorological environment of clouds, and their effects. RAMStracks is applied to a large-domain radiative convective equilibrium simulation, which produces a complex

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Deponte, Antonella. "Linking motivation to personality: causality orientations, motives and self‐descriptions." European Journal of Personality 18, no. 1 (2004): 31–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/per.503.

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This study examines how motives and personality traits differ in people with distinct causality orientations, which refer to the predominant way a person interprets the events that initiate his/her own behaviour. First, a validation of the General Causality Orientation Scale for the Italian language was conducted on 702 undergraduate students. Then, in order to test the hypothesis that causality orientations correspond to different motive patterns and self‐descriptions, relations between the GCOS and other constructs were analysed through correlational analysis applied to smaller sub‐samples.

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Škare, Marinko, Dean Sinković, and Małgorzata Porada-Rochoń. "MEASURING CREDIT STRUCTURE IMPACT ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN CROATIA USING (VECM) 1990-2018." Journal of Business Economics and Management 20, no. 2 (2019): 294–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/jbem.2019.8344.

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Studies on the finance-growth link use different proxy variables for financial development. Among the most used is the total credit share in the GDP. Previous empirical studies show to be sensitive to the choice of the finance proxy indicator. Total credit share in the GDP appears biased in empirical modeling. Credit structure (loans to firms and households) prove to be more robust when used in the modeling. Credit structure reveals a different impact on economic growth showing lending policy impact varies depending on the credit structure. Researchers studying the finance-growth link must acc

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Park, Ji Hwan, Woojin Chang, and Jae Wook Song. "Link prediction in the Granger causality network of the global currency market." Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications 553 (September 2020): 124668. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physa.2020.124668.

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de Meulemeester, Jean-Luc, and Denis Rochat. "A causality analysis of the link between higher education and economic development." Economics of Education Review 14, no. 4 (1995): 351–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0272-7757(95)00015-c.

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