Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Cavitation ultrasonore'
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Poizat, Adrien. "Contrôle temporel de la cavitation ultrasonore : application à la thrombolyse ultrasonore extracorporelle." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE1031/document.
Full textFocused ultrasound can be used for therapeutic applications in the human body. In cardiovascular applications, they can destroy blood clots formed in the vascular system. In this case, thrombolysis mechanisms are related to ultrasonic cavitation, but the complex dynamics remains an obstacle to the development of a therapeutic device. In this thesis, a system for the temporal control of the pulsed cavitation activity has been developed and characterized. This device uses a focused transducer and a hydrophone with a feedback loop for regulating the cavitation activity. While cavitation activity has a random behaviour in non-regulated conditions, the control system developed achieves a desired level of cavitation with very reproducibly and with good temporal stability. The application of this device to the ultrasound thrombolysis was tested in vitro on human blood clots. In the previous device was added a system for moving the blood clot at the focal point, and a tube for counting the number of fragments released by the destruction of the clot. In comparison to uncontrolled regime, tests showed an excellent thrombolytic efficacy and a very good reproducibility, with reduced acoustic intensities. In parallel to the in vitro tests, ultrasound thrombolysis was tested in vivo on an animal model of acute limb ischemia. An extracorporeal ultrasound device, guided by ultrasound and mounted on a robotic arm, has been developed for in vivo investigation. An ovine model of arterial thrombosis has also been developed. Tests were used to validate the feasibility of the model of arterial clots and to validate in vivo the concept of purely ultrasonic extracorporeal thrombolysis based on inertial cavitation regulation system
Poizat, Adrien. "Contrôle temporel de la cavitation ultrasonore : application à la thrombolyse ultrasonore extracorporelle." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE1031.
Full textFocused ultrasound can be used for therapeutic applications in the human body. In cardiovascular applications, they can destroy blood clots formed in the vascular system. In this case, thrombolysis mechanisms are related to ultrasonic cavitation, but the complex dynamics remains an obstacle to the development of a therapeutic device. In this thesis, a system for the temporal control of the pulsed cavitation activity has been developed and characterized. This device uses a focused transducer and a hydrophone with a feedback loop for regulating the cavitation activity. While cavitation activity has a random behaviour in non-regulated conditions, the control system developed achieves a desired level of cavitation with very reproducibly and with good temporal stability. The application of this device to the ultrasound thrombolysis was tested in vitro on human blood clots. In the previous device was added a system for moving the blood clot at the focal point, and a tube for counting the number of fragments released by the destruction of the clot. In comparison to uncontrolled regime, tests showed an excellent thrombolytic efficacy and a very good reproducibility, with reduced acoustic intensities. In parallel to the in vitro tests, ultrasound thrombolysis was tested in vivo on an animal model of acute limb ischemia. An extracorporeal ultrasound device, guided by ultrasound and mounted on a robotic arm, has been developed for in vivo investigation. An ovine model of arterial thrombosis has also been developed. Tests were used to validate the feasibility of the model of arterial clots and to validate in vivo the concept of purely ultrasonic extracorporeal thrombolysis based on inertial cavitation regulation system
Cornu, Corentin. "Caractérisation et régulation des régimes de cavitation ultrasonore pour la sonoporation cellulaire." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE1121.
Full textIn the aim of limiting the destructive behavior of collapsing cavitation bubbles, an exclusively stable cavitation state is targeted for sensitive therapeutics applications like blood-brain barrier opening. Ensuring a stable cavitation regime is complex because of (i) the coexistence of stably oscillating bubbles and collapsing bubbles in the same bubble cloud, and (ii) the stochastic behavior of the phenomenon during time. Therefore, it is necessary to control spatially and temporally the cavitation activity, by discriminating the stable from the inertial regime. Firstly, the theoretical study of the dynamics of a monodisperse and homogeneous cloud shows a modification of the stable cavitation threshold as a function of the bubble density: the subharmonics emission threshold is lowered and the resonance frequency is shifted. The study leads also to the expression of a particular microbubbles density leading to optimized subharmonics emission. Secondly, a real-time control strategy based on a feedback loop process on subharmonics emission is designed. The use of this strategy allows discriminating the two cavitation states during time, and ensures a better reproducibility, time-stability and an acoustic energy gain. The control device is used for cells sonoporation in-vitro. In a first study, the sonoporation by inertial cavitation control is performed in a stationary ultrasonic field configuration. This leads to high sonoporation efficiency coupled to the possibility of counterbalancing the use of supplementary nuclei (encapsulated microbubbles). In a second one, the stable cavitation control applied in a focused ultrasound configuration field pinpoints the possibility of sonoporating cells without inertial cavitation, and then to limit cell lysis
Saletes, Izella. "Cavitation par excitation acoustique bifréquentielle : application à la thrombolyse ultrasonore." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00463267.
Full textCornu, Corentin. "Caractérisation et régulation des régimes de cavitation ultrasonore pour la sonoporation cellulaire." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE1121/document.
Full textIn the aim of limiting the destructive behavior of collapsing cavitation bubbles, an exclusively stable cavitation state is targeted for sensitive therapeutics applications like blood-brain barrier opening. Ensuring a stable cavitation regime is complex because of (i) the coexistence of stably oscillating bubbles and collapsing bubbles in the same bubble cloud, and (ii) the stochastic behavior of the phenomenon during time. Therefore, it is necessary to control spatially and temporally the cavitation activity, by discriminating the stable from the inertial regime. Firstly, the theoretical study of the dynamics of a monodisperse and homogeneous cloud shows a modification of the stable cavitation threshold as a function of the bubble density: the subharmonics emission threshold is lowered and the resonance frequency is shifted. The study leads also to the expression of a particular microbubbles density leading to optimized subharmonics emission. Secondly, a real-time control strategy based on a feedback loop process on subharmonics emission is designed. The use of this strategy allows discriminating the two cavitation states during time, and ensures a better reproducibility, time-stability and an acoustic energy gain. The control device is used for cells sonoporation in-vitro. In a first study, the sonoporation by inertial cavitation control is performed in a stationary ultrasonic field configuration. This leads to high sonoporation efficiency coupled to the possibility of counterbalancing the use of supplementary nuclei (encapsulated microbubbles). In a second one, the stable cavitation control applied in a focused ultrasound configuration field pinpoints the possibility of sonoporating cells without inertial cavitation, and then to limit cell lysis
Bouhala, Zoheir. "Modélisation des phénomènes de cavitation ultrasonore à l'aide d'ondes électromagnétiques." Metz, 1998. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1998/Bouhala.Zoheir.SMZ9849.pdf.
Full textUltrasonic cavitation has been induced in liquid column of small dimensions. The bubbles movements has been observed and a video-computer assisted selection has been used for selecting the typical features in relation with the size of the bubbles and the transient phenomena. The theoretical interpretations start from the efficient role of the image source for predicting the positions where little bubbles gather within the liquid column. In this way, the existence of quasi stationary planes perpendicular to the symetry axis of the experimental set-up is established. Starting from a partial analogy between the ultrasonics propagation and the high frequency guided propagation, the general dynamic behaviour of bubbles within the liquid column is interpreted from the rectangular TE22 mode of propagation of metallic wave guides; transient phenomena can then be interpreted; some details related to the excitation of the rectangular TE22 mode from the circular vibration mode of the circular emitting source can only be suggested. However, most of the observed phenomena agree with the consequences of the theoretical following analogy : bubble velocity ↔ magnetic field, pressure force↔ electric field
BOUHALA, ZOHEIR TOSSER ROUSSEY ANDRE. "MODELISATION DES PHENOMENES DE CAVITATION ULTRASONORE A L'AIDE D'ONDES ELECTROMAGNETIQUES /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1998. ftp://ftp.scd.univ-metz.fr/pub/Theses/1998/Bouhala.Zoheir.SMZ9849.pdf.
Full textPolichetti, Maxime. "Traitement d’antenne adaptatif pour l’imagerie ultrasonore passive de la cavitation." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE1176/document.
Full textThis work focuses on the spatio-temporal monitoring of acoustic cavitation by ultrasonic imaging. This is a complex physical phenomenon used in some ultrasound therapy techniques, corresponding to the formation of gas bubbles that oscillate and implode. Initially, the TD-PAM (Time Domain Passive Acoustic Mapping) method was developed to map cavitation activity from acoustic signals emitted by bubbles, passively recorded by a linear ultrasonic imaging probe. However, the TD-PAM suffers from too low resolution and many reconstruction artifacts. In addition, it is time-consuming because it is formalized in the time domain (TD). To overcome these two limitations, it is proposed to study, compare and develop advanced methods of passive ultrasound imaging. This manuscript is structured around three main contributions: An original adaptive method has been formalised in the time domain, based on the amplitude compression of ultrasonic signals by root pth: TD-pPAM. This approach improves the resolution and contrast of cavitation maps for a computing time equivalent to the TD-PAM. The notion of cross-spectral density matrix has been introduced for cavitation imaging. Four Fourier domain (FD) methods were therefore studied and compared: FD-PAM (non-adaptive), Capon Robuste FD-RCB (adaptive, by optimization), Functional Beamforming FD-FB (adaptive, by non-linear compression) and MUltiple Signal Classification FD-MUSIC (adaptive, by subspaces projection). The performance of these FD methods was studied experimentally in vitro in water tank with a comparison by optical imaging. The proposed adaptive FD methods have demonstrated their potential to improve the spatial and temporal tracking of bubbles. The FD-RCB offers a superior localization to the FD-PAM but suffers from a high algorithmic complexity. The performance of the FD-FB is intermediate to that of the FD-PAM and the FD-RCB, for a calculation complexity equivalent to the FD-PAM. The FD-MUSIC has the potential to highlight weak acoustic sources, but does not keep their relative quantifications
Saletes, Izella. "Cavitation par excitation acoustique bifréquentielle : application à la thrombolyse ultrasonore." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LYO10311.
Full textEnhancing cavitation activity using lower acoustic intensities is interesting to a variety of therapeutic applications, where the mechanical effects of cavitation are required with minimal heating of surrounding tissues. The present experimental work is focused on the modification of the inertial cavitation threshold and on the cavitation activity beyond the threshold where an excitation signal made of two neighbouring frequency components is used. A significant reduction of the acoustic intensity required to trigger cavitation can be obtained in a medium with a strong cavitation threshold. Moreover, comparing the evolution of the cavitation activity beyond the threshold where mono- and bi-frequency excitations are used, it is shown, in the latter case, that strong activities can be reached with intensities closer to the threshold value. This fact would offer a dual-benefit in terms of therapeutic applications, as it enables a better separation between the cavitating and non-cavitating regime and allows lower intensities to be used to attain a given cavitation activity. The evolution of the bifrequency threshold as function of the external parameters shows that the mechanisms involved are nonlinear. Experiments on in vitro blood clot models have validated the efficiency of this bifrequency excitation for purely ultrasound thrombolysis
Looten-Baquet, Isabelle. "Etude et caractérisation de l'activité des champs de bulles générées par cavitation ultrasonore." Valenciennes, 1996. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/1c0a52f3-bfd0-437a-8d3c-877eb1bb54f7.
Full textSantin, Mathieu. "Destruction et cavitation inertielle des agents de contraste ultrasonore : modélisation, expériences et applications." Paris 6, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA066223.
Full textLEBOUC, FRANCOISE. "Contribution a la connaissance de la cavitation ultrasonore. Etude en sonoluminescence et sonochimie." Paris 6, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA066233.
Full textRatoarinoro. "Sonochimie en milieu polyphasique : influence de la puissance ultrasonore et de la géométrie du réacteur." Toulouse, INPT, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992INPT057G.
Full textSomaglino, Lucie. "Délivrance par ultrasons de chimiothérapie encapsulée dans des liposomes sono-sensibles : contrôle et dosage de la cavitation inertielle ultrasonore." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00771305.
Full textSomaglino, Lucie. "Délivrance par ultrasons de chimiothérapie encapsulée dans des liposomes sono-sensibles : contrôle et dosage de la cavitation inertielle ultrasonore." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO10004.
Full textThe sonication of a tumor, where liposomes have been accumulated, allows potentially to release encapsulated drug and to promote its absorption in cells. Ultrasonic inertial cavitation is supposed to be implicated in the release of drug encapsulated in small solid liposomes under ultrasonic exposure. Inertial cavitation is strongly dependent on experimental conditions and can be very intense and unpredictable. The main objective of this thesis was to control and quantify inertial cavitation in order to induce drug release from liposomes. In this purpose, an inertial cavitation dose (CD), based on broadband noise emission associated with inertial cavitation, was defined to monitor in vitro encapsulated drug release. The CD was chemically validated with the dosing of hydroxyl radicals generated by bubbles collapses under various pulsed ultrasound exposures. A high correlation between doxorubicin (dox) release rate from liposomes and CD was de monstrated for all liposomes formulations tested and under different pulsed ultrasound exposures. The role of temperature on hydroxyl radical production and dox release was also investigated. The performed experiments allowed selecting the liposomes formulations that are the most sensible to ultrasound in order to test them on rats implanted with prostatic tumors. After several campaigns of in vivo experiments performed with various ultrasonic setups and liposomes formulations, the benefit of the combined treatment was demonstrated
Gateau, Jérôme. "Imagerie ultrasonore ultrarapide d'évènements de cavitation : application en thérapie par ultrasons et imagerie de détection." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00863591.
Full textGâteau, Jérôme. "Imagerie ultrasonore ultrarapide d'événements de cavitation : application en thérapie par ultrasons et imagerie de détection." Paris 7, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA077013.
Full textThe onset of cavitation activity in an aqueous medium is linked to the formation of gas/vapour-filled cavities of micrometric size. This formation can be acoustically mediated and is then called acoustic bubble nucleation. We focus here in the activation of seed nucléi by short (a few cycles) and high amplitude ultrasonic excitation (order of magnitude MPa). Bubbles are generated during the rarefaction phase of the wave and are transient (they dissolve). The nucleation properties of biological tissues are little known. However, they can be assessed using ultrasound: the formation of a bubble results in the appearance of a new scatterer (which can be detected with a pulse-écho detection), and each cavitation event generates an acoustic emission (detected with passive reception). In n this PhD manuscript, we use ultrafast ultrasound imaging (simultaneous acquisition on an array of transducers with a high frame rate) to detect cavitation events. Two in vitro applications were first validated. On one hand, bubble nucleation was performed through a human skull, and transcranial passive detection of a single cavitation event was used in a time reversal process to optimize adaptive focusing for thermal therapy of brain tissue. On the other hand, the formation and dissolution of bubbles in scattering biological tissues (muscle) were detected with a high sensitivity by combining passive detection and ultrafast active imaging. Finally, in vivo experiments on sheep's brain, and others in vitro on animal blood showed that nucleation in biological tissue is a random phenomenon, and high negative pressure are mandatory to initiate nucleation in vivo (< -12MPa)
Asquier, Nicolas. "Etude des moyens de caractérisation de l’ouverture de la barrière hémato-encéphalique induite par un dispositif ultrasonore implantable." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE1330/document.
Full textThe blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a natural protection of the central nervous system. However, it limits the delivery of many drugs to the brain tissues. It can be temporarily disrupted by ultrasound exposure combined with intravenous injection of microbubbles. In this manuscript, BBB disruption with an implantable unfocused ultrasound device is studied. An automatic method for quantifying the volume of BBB disruption using MR images from a phase 1/2a clinical study in patients with reccurent glioblastoma was assessed and validated. A correlation between the probability of disruption and the local acoustic pressure was found. Microbubbles cavitation activity was studied in vitro to better understand its effect on BBB disruption. The uncertainty on the amplitudes of cavitation signals recorded with a passive single-element detector (PCD) through the skull was quantified. A position-based correction of the PCD signal was assessed and validated. The effect of the volume of a cavitation cloud in the unfocused ultrasound field on the signal amplitude recorded by the PCD during the clinical treatment was discussed. Two methods for localizing and discriminating cavitation sources in a transcranial context were evaluated by simulations and in vitro
Pichardo, Meuly Samuel Chapelon Jean-Yves Angel Yves Christian. "Intéraction d'une onde ultrasonore de haute intensité dans les tissus biologiques en présence de bulles application au traitement de l'insuffisance veineuse superficielle /." Villeurbanne : Doc'INSA, 2005. http://docinsa.insa-lyon.fr/these/pont.php?id=pichardo_meuly.
Full textNaidji, Bouzid. "Influence de la pression sur le phénomène de cavitation en milieu liquide ionique sous irradiation ultrasonore basse fréquence." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019UBFCD030.
Full textThe aim of this study is to investigate the influence of pressure on cavitation phenomenon. During propagation of an acoustic wave in solution, cohesion forces within the liquid can break leading to formation of cavitation bubbles. Fed with solvent vapors and dissolved gases, these bubbles grow and implode violently after reaching critical size. For the study of electrochemical processes assisted by ultrasound, cavitation control is interesting. By limiting the presence of dissolved gases and using low vapor pressure solvents, it was possible to control cavitation phenomenon. Results show big decrease in cavitation for pressures below 60 kPa. Respective contributions of cavitation and acoustic streaming within global hydrodynamic agitation have been determined thanks to electrodiffusional techniques. A cavitating medium enables increase in global agitation of about 30% in comparison to a monophasic medium (without cavitation) in the case of a low frequency ultrasound irradiation. Influence of cavitation on self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) grafting and electrochemical coatings of silver and copper in ionic liquids has been assessed. In the case of SAMs, cavitation is beneficial towards organic film grafting kinetics and carbon chain orientation on the surface. Indeed, for 15 minutes modification under ultrasound irradiation without cavitation, electrochemical blocking rate is 3.6 times higher than in silent conditions. With cavitation, this blocking rate shows an additional 50% increase. Concerning electrolytic coatings, a decrease in crystallite size is evidenced with increase in cavitation activity. Indeed, a decrease of 30% and 50% was observed for copper and silver coatings, respectively
Asquier, Nicolas. "Etude des moyens de caractérisation de l’ouverture de la barrière hémato-encéphalique induite par un dispositif ultrasonore implantable." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon, 2019. https://n2t.net/ark:/47881/m6rn376t.
Full textThe blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a natural protection of the central nervous system. However, it limits the delivery of many drugs to the brain tissues. It can be temporarily disrupted by ultrasound exposure combined with intravenous injection of microbubbles. In this manuscript, BBB disruption with an implantable unfocused ultrasound device is studied. An automatic method for quantifying the volume of BBB disruption using MR images from a phase 1/2a clinical study in patients with reccurent glioblastoma was assessed and validated. A correlation between the probability of disruption and the local acoustic pressure was found. Microbubbles cavitation activity was studied in vitro to better understand its effect on BBB disruption. The uncertainty on the amplitudes of cavitation signals recorded with a passive single-element detector (PCD) through the skull was quantified. A position-based correction of the PCD signal was assessed and validated. The effect of the volume of a cavitation cloud in the unfocused ultrasound field on the signal amplitude recorded by the PCD during the clinical treatment was discussed. Two methods for localizing and discriminating cavitation sources in a transcranial context were evaluated by simulations and in vitro
Pichardo, Meuly Samuel. "Intéraction d'une onde ultrasonore de haute intensité dans les tissus biologiques en présence de bulles : application au traitement de l'insuffisance veineuse superficielle." Lyon, INSA, 2005. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2005ISAL0067/these.pdf.
Full textThe theme of this dissertation concerns the domain of biological effects of high intensity ultrasound (HIFU). A new theory for the prediction of effects of HIFU in biological tissues is developed, as well as a new therapeutic application which aims the treatment of the superficial venous insufficiency (SVI). The nonlinear acoustic theory is used as the basis to describe the effects of HIFU on tissues. A special attention is given to the effects dues to the presence of cavitation bubbles. A method to calculate the pressure field produced by HIFU sources is developed. A model to predict the lesion formation due to a HIFU field is presented where the contribution of bubbles is considered. The results of this model are compared to experimental results found in literature. A study is carried out on the use of thermal effects of HIFU for the treatment of the SVI. In most of cases, the main cause of the SVI is the dysfunction of valves in the great saphenous vein. The valves are supposed to stop blood reflux towards the superficial venous system. Two variants of the treatment of the SVI with HIFU were developed: the total occlusion of the vein and the correction of the dysfunctional valves. In vitro experiments for each of the two variants were carried out and are discussed
Ammi, Azzdine Yahya. "Détection et caractérisation de la destruction des microbulles de produit de contraste ultrasonore." Paris 6, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA066002.
Full textLabouret, Stéphane. "Détermination du taux de vide d'un champ de bulles de cavitation ultrasonore par une méthode hyperfréquence : corrélation du taux de vide et de la puissance du bruit de cavitation." Valenciennes, 1998. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/e5dc6fee-0e7e-4a6e-8d10-b4209ceaf46f.
Full textCallenaere, Mathieu. "Étude physique des poches de cavitation partielle en écoulement interne." Grenoble INPG, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999INPG0090.
Full textSivadon, Audrey. "Contributions à l’imagerie passive de la cavitation ultrasonore : formation de voies adaptatives en 3D et extension spatiale de nuages de bulles." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon 1, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022LYO10172.
Full textPassive imaging relies on beamforming algorithms that require large aperture probes to provide good axial resolutions; however, in 3D passive imaging, the matrix probes currently marketed do not meet this constraint. Moreover, these probes have a large number of elements, which makes their use particularly unwieldy. This thesis work focuses on the study and improvement of passive cavitation imaging by addressing two aspects in particular: (i) the practical and efficient implementation of 3D passive imaging, (ii) the problem of imaging large sources such as cavitation clouds. We have combined the application of sparse methods (to reduce the number of active elements of the probe used) and the transposition from 2D to 3D of adaptive algorithms in the frequency domain. This formalism uses the robust estimation of the inter-spectral density matrix (CSM) and allowed us to implement simply and efficiently different algorithms: Delay-And-Sum (DAS), Robust-Capon-Beamformer and Pisarenko. The efficiency of these algorithms in 3D has been tested in terms of width to half height, contrast and position error, on a point source in simulations and on a point reflector in experiments. Finally, in order to address the reality of cavitation clouds, we have investigated the behavior of these reconstruction methods in the case of extended sources. Our 2D simulations show the evolution of the reconstructed images as a function of the cavitation cloud characteristics. This work provides a concrete solution for a simple implementation of 3D passive imaging as well as answers to the expectations on the localization and characterization of a cavitation cloud
Camus, Duboc Marine. "Chimiosensibilisation de l’adénocarcinome canalaire du pancréas par la perturbation du microenvironnement tumoral et l’augmentation de la biodisponibilité dans la cellule tumorale : effets de la cavitation ultrasonore et de l’inhibition de nrf2." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCB113.
Full textPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has increased in incidence over the past decade, leading it to be the fourth lethal cause of cancer in the world with a very poor prognosis, since less than 5% of patients are alive at 5 years. Many advances in the understanding of pancreatic tumorigenesis, notably on the genetic, immune and cellular stroma interactions of the tumor, have led to the development of new treatment strategies in the last decade. However, despite very encouraging pre-clinical results, none of these strategies has yet led to the emergence of a truly effective treatment in comparison with standard chemotherapy. This thesis focused on two innovative therapeutic modalities in the treatment of PDAC at a preclinical stage by studying in vitro (2D and 3D cell cultures) and in vivo (ectopic, orthotopic xenografts) the effects on the tumor growth of an inhibitor of the Nrf2 pathway (involved in oxidative stress), on the first hand, and of a physical element, ultrasound cavitation associated with liposomal chemotherapy, on the second hand. Ultrasound cavitation is a mechanical effect of ultrasound to increase the uptake of molecules or genes in cells. The feasibility and effectiveness of the combination of liposomal chemotherapy targeted by ultrasonic cavitation was evaluated in murin orthotopic models of PDAC. An ultrasound delivery system has been adapted to apply focused inertial cavitation to PDAC xenografts created after the injection of liposomal doxorubicin (L-DOX) according to a preliminary pharmacokinetic study carried out in the murine model. L-DOX, designed on unsaturated phospholipids of dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine, was known to be stable in the bloodstream and to maximize its accumulation and release of the active drug during ultrasound delivery. This thesis shows that this therapeutic combination (L DOX and inertial cavitation) makes it possible to reduce the tumor volume in vivo in a nude mouse orthotopic model of PDAC. Inertial cavitation may be generated to increase the therapeutic effect of chemotherapybearing liposomes accumulated in the tumor with minimal mechanical effect on the surrounding tissue. Recent studies strongly suggest that Nrf2 is an ideal target against chemoresistance of PDAC. In vitro and in vivo methods were combined to examine the effect of brusatol associated with chemotherapeutic agents on cell death in addition to its impact on oxidative stress (reactive oxygen species and gluthation levels). This thesis demonstrates that the inhibition of the Nrf2 pathway via brusatol, a natural compound derived from Fructus Bruceae, potentiates the effects of chemotherapy and allows the inhibition of tumor growth in vitro on PDAC cell lines. This inhibition is accompanied by a modulation of oxidative stress by brusatol, with increasing ROS and decreasing GSH. In vivo, the combination of brusatol and oxaliplatin reduced tumor volume in two mouse models of PDAC xenograft. These results suggest the efficacy of using brusatol to combat chemoresistance and reinforce the idea that brusatol could be developed as an adjuvant to chemotherapy in PA. Clinical work was also carried out in parallel on an innovative physical treatment modality, endobiliary radiofrequency, in the management of adenoma of the ampoule of Vater, a rare tumor located between the digestive and the bilio-pancreatic systems. The results of this work will also be presented in this thesis
Migeot, Jean-Louis. "Il est possible de quantifier numériquement les effets de mélange statique et l'étendue des zones de cavitation associé à un champ ultrasonore induit dans un réacteur sonochimique." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212098.
Full textBoulos, Paul. "Ultrasound imaging of the ultrasound thrombolysis." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE1251/document.
Full textUltrasound therapy techniques emerged very recently with the discovery of high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) technology. Extracorporeal ultrasound thrombolysis is one of these promising innovative low-invasive treatment based on the mechanical destruction of thrombus caused by acoustic cavitation mechanisms. Yet, it is a poorly controlled phenomenon and therefore raises problems of reproducibility that could damage vessel walls. Thus, better control of cavitation activity during the ultrasonic treatment and especially its localization during the therapy is an essential approach to consider the development of a therapeutic device. A prototype has already been designed and improved with a real-time feedback loop in order to control the cavitation power activity. However, to monitor the treatment in real-time, an ultrasound imaging system needs to be incorporated into the therapeutic device. It should be able to first spot the blood clot, to position the focal point of the therapy transducer, control the proper destruction of the thrombus, and evaluate in real-time the cavitation activity. Present work focusses mainly on the development of passive ultrasound techniques used to reconstruct cavitation activity maps. Different beamforming algorithms were investigated and validated through point source simulations, in vitro experiments on a wire, and cavitation experiments in a water tank. It was demonstrated that an accurate beamforming algorithm for focal cavitation point localization is the passive acoustic mapping weighted with the phase coherence factor (PAM-PCF). Additionally, in vivo testing on an animal model of acute limb ischemia was assessed. Finally, some optimizations of the previous developed imaging system were carried out as 3D imaging, real-time implementation, and hybrid imaging combining active anatomical imaging with passive cavitation mapping
Samah, Diana. "Analyse par impédance électromécanique du comportement de transducteurs piézoélectriques ultrasonores en milieu cavitant." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2012. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/16229/1/samah.pdf.
Full textGoudot, Guillaume. "Applications innovantes des ultrasons en pathologie vasculaire : utilisation de l'imagerie ultrarapide dans l'analyse de la rigidité artérielle et des ultrasons pulsés en thérapie Arterial stiffening assessed by ultrafast ultrasound imaging gives new insight into arterial phenotype of vascular Ehlers–Danlos mouse models Aortic wall elastic properties in case of bicuspid aortic valve Segmental aortic stiffness in bicuspid aortic valve patients compared to first-degree relatives Wall shear stress measurement by ultrafast vector flow imaging for atherosclerotic carotid stenosis Pulsed cavitational therapy using high-frequency ultrasound for the treatment of deep vein thrombosis in an in vitro model of human blood clot." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. https://wo.app.u-paris.fr/cgi-bin/WebObjects/TheseWeb.woa/wa/show?t=2215&f=13951.
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