Academic literature on the topic 'Cayo Coco (Cuba ; Île)'

Se determinó la productividad primaria en Laguna Larga, ubicada en la costa norte y central de Cayo Coco. La producción primaria del fitoplancton y la biomasa del macrofitobentos fueron medidas durante el 2008-2009 en dos sectores de la laguna. La producción primaria neta acuática del sector este fue de 4.32 ± 3.59 g C m-2 día-1 y en el sector oeste fue de 0.71 ± 0.41 g C m-2 día-1. Ambos sectores, atendiendo a la relación producción/respiración anual, fueron autotróficos para el oxígeno e hipertróficos para el carbono. Entre las especies más productivas del macrofitobentos estuvieron: Cladophoropsis sp., Halodule wrightii, Cladophora sp. y Ruppia maritima. La alta producción neta acuática registrada en el sector este, con respecto al oeste, se debe a la contribución del macrofitobentos a la productividad total. El fitoplancton en el sector este exhibió baja productividad (0.12 ± 0.07 g C m-2 día-1) con respecto al oeste (0.71 ± 0.41 g C m-2 día-1), lo que puede deberse a la competencia del macrofitobentos por los nutrientes.ABSTRACT Phytoplankton primary productivity and macrophyte biomass were determined during 2008-2009 for Laguna Larga, located on the north-central coast of Cayo Coco, Cuba. Aquatic net primary production was measured in two different sectors of the lagoon resulting in 4.32 ± 3.59 g C m-2 d-1 and 0.71 ± 0.41 g C m-2 d-1 in the eastern and western part, respectively. In regard to the annual production to respiration ratio, both sections showed autotrophic and hypertrophic levels for the oxygen and carbon metabolisms. The most productive species were Cladophoropsis sp., Halodule wrightii, Cladophora sp. and Ruppia maritima. Aquatic net production recorded for the eastern lobe was higher than the western lobe because of the macrophytobenthos contribution to total productivity. On the contrary, phytoplankton productivity in the eastern part was lower (0.12 ± 0.07 g C m-2 d-1) than the western lobe (0.71 ± 0.41 g C m-2 d-1), probably due to the macrophyte competition for nutrients.

The milliped Amphelictogon subterraneus bahamiensis Chamberlin, 1918, the only representative of the family Chelodesmidae in the Bahamas and the only one in the New World occurring in part north of the Tropic of Cancer, is recorded from Eleuthera Island in addition to published localities from Andros and Cat Islands, Bahamas, and Cayo Coco, Cuba, where it is common. A redescription in English is provided along with gonopod drawings in medial and lateral views; a female cyphopod is illustrated for the first time. The populations on these three Bahamian islands probably represent isolated fragments of a once continuous population on the Pleistocene “super-island” on Great Bahama Bank, which in turn likely originated through rafting from the area of Cuba that now includes Cayo Coco. Investigations are needed to learn whether the species still survives on Andros, Eleuthera, and Cat islands, and whether additional populations occur on other islands that were once joined in the Pleistocene land mass.

La investigación tiene como objetivo elaboración de un sistema de procedimientos para la mejorar la Cadena de Valor en el Hotel Tryp Cayo Coco, de Ciego de Ávila, que se sustenta en herramientas de la contabilidad de gestión estratégica que permita identificar fuentes de ventajas competitivas en el Hotel Tryp Cayo Coco. Se constató que existe una insuficiente concepción teórica del proceso organizativo empresarial amparado en herramientas de la contabilidad de gestión estratégica y escasa fuentes generadoras de ventajas competitivas en el Destino Turístico que se observan en la práctica. En la construcción de las acciones del sistema de procedimientos se precisaron actividades primarias y auxiliares, que se utilizaron en la confección del mapa de actividades. Esto permitió el análisis de las actividades que aportan valor al producto turístico básico, derivándose el diseño de la Cadena de Valor, la cual permite identificar el liderazgo en costo, como principal ventaja competitiva. Para ellos se aplicaron métodos del nivel teórico, empírico y estadístico como el histórico lógico, inducción – deducción, análisis síntesis y heurístico; el análisis documental, la entrevista y la observación.Palabras clave: Cadena de Valor, Contabilidad de Gestión, Gestión Estratégica; oferta de servicios; Proceso organizativo empresarial.

Los autores del presente trabajo realizaron una investigación con el objetivo de lograr hormigones de alto desempeño con áridos calizos. El diseño de estas mezclas fue usado en la producción de hormigones armados para las vigas de los puentes del pedraplen Turiguano-Cayo Coco, al norte de Cuba, los cuales están sometidos a la acción del aerosol marino. Se lograron hormigones de alto desempeño con áridos calizos, con el uso de un Método de dosificar hormigón que tiene en cuenta las formas del árido grueso.

Los autores del presente trabajo realizaron una investigación con el objetivo de lograr hormigones de alto desempeño con áridos calizos. El diseño de estas mezclas fue usado en la producción de hormigones armados para las vigas de los puentes del pedraplen Turiguano-Cayo Coco, al norte de Cuba, los cuales están sometidos a la acción del aerosol marino. Se lograron hormigones de alto desempeño con áridos calizos, con el uso de un Método de dosificar hormigón que tiene en cuenta las formas del árido grueso.

The southern part of the tropical Cayo Coco Island (Cuba) hosts a complex, highly evaporative and marine-fed lagoonal network. In the easternmost lagoon of this network, hypersaline conditions favour the development of complex sedimentary microbial ecosystems within the water column at the bottom water-sediment interface and on the shore. Some of these ecosystems are producing microbial mats and biofilms with variable mineralisation rates, depending on their location. Since the mineralisation of these microbial deposits is rare, the sedimentary record does not provide a direct window on the evolution of these ecosystems or their distribution through space and time. However, microbial deposits also produce copious amounts of organic matter, which may be used to decipher any microbial-related origin within the sedimentary record. Microbial mats and biofilms were identified as the potential source of organic material in addition to the surrounding mangrove, soils and suspended particulate matter (SPM). The origin and evolution of the sedimentary organic matter preserved within the lagoonal sediments has been analysed using geochemical parameters such as elemental (TOC, TN and [C/N]atomic ratio) and isotopic (δ13Corg and δ15NTN) signals on four sedimentary cores retrieved from different locations in the lagoon and compared with the geochemical signatures of the potential sources. Despite the high potential for organic matter accumulation in the studied lagoon, the TOC and TN downcore values in sediments that were analysed (i.e., micritic muds and bioclastic sands) remain very low compared to the sediment-water interface. The relative contributions of the different potential sources of organic matter were estimated using [C/N]atomic ratios and δ13Corg values. The δ15NTN signature was discarded as a source signature as it records synsedimentary, early diagenetic, secondary evolution of the nitrogen signal associated with OM remineralisation (i.e., denitrification). Finally, among the microbial deposits, the slime recognised in the permanently submersed zone of the waterbody appears to be the main contributor to the organic matter preserved within the sediments of the lagoon. SPM, mainly composed of microbial-rich particles, also contribute and cannot be ruled out as a source.

The Cenote Jennifer is an important and unique aquatic sinkhole in Cayo Coco (Jardines del Rey Tourist Destination) that has brackish to saline water. Two samplings were made in 1998 and 2009, and 4 metabolism community experiments in 2009. Some limnological parameters were measured in both samplings (temperature, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen major ions, hydrogen sulfide, nutrients and others). Community metabolism was measured through incubated oxygen concentration in clear and dark oxygen bottles. Results showed that the sinkhole limnology depends on rainfall and light incidence year, with some stratification episodes, due to halocline or oxycline presence, rather than thermocline. The sinkhole water was oligotrophic (total nitrogen of 41.5 ± 22.2 μmol l−1 and total phosphorus of 0.3 ± 0.2 μmol l−1) and with low productivity (gross primary productivity of 63.0 mg C m−2 d−1). Anoxia and hypoxia were present at the bottom with higher levels of hydrogen sulfide, lower pH and restricted influence of the adjacent sea (2 km away). To protect the Cenote Jennifer, tourist exploitation should be avoided and more resources to ecological and morphological studies should be allocated, and eventually use this aquatic system only for specialized diving. For conservation purposes, illegal garbage disposal in the surrounding forest should end.

Les microbialites, dépôts lithifiés d’origine microbienne, sont des structures organosédimentaires documentées depuis plus de 3,5 milliards d’années. La compréhension de ces structures, des conditions et des modalités de leur mise en place, nous apporte des informations précieuses sur l’origine de la vie sur Terre. Cette thématique de recherche est également en plein essor du fait de ses implications économiques majeures concernant les hydrocarbures. La reconstitution des environnements associés aux structures microbiennes fossiles reste incertaine, notamment entre milieux de dépôts marins ou continentaux. Ces deux environnements contrastés ont été étudiés à travers deux exemples modernes, Cayo Coco (Cuba) en domaine marin lagunaire et le Grand Lac Salé (Utah, USA) en domaine lacustre continental dans le but d’identifier des critères diagnostiques pour discriminer ces environnements dans le registre fossile.La formation des microbialites résulte de la minéralisation et de la lithification d’un tapis microbien sous l’influence d’une composante métabolique (intrinsèque) liée à l’activité du tapis microbien, et d’une composante environnementale (extrinsèque). L’objectif de ce travail était de replacer à différentes échelles les dépôts microbiens dans leur contexte environnemental et de comprendre les influences directes des paramètres extrinsèques sur : (1) les processus de minéralisation des tapis microbiens et la formation de microbialites, (2) la morphologie des structures microbiennes, (3) la distribution spatio-temporelle des microbialites et des sédiments associés, et enfin (4) les relations entre les tapis microbiens et microbialites et leur environnement
Lithified microbial deposits, considered as microbialites, are organosedimentary structures observed since 3.5 billion years. Understanding the mechanisms and environmental conditions leading to their formation may provide valuable information about the origin of life on Earth. Our interest on this research topic has increased owing to the economic implications of these deposits, especially concerning the hydrocarbons. The reconstruction of the environments associated with microbial structures remains uncertain in the fossil record, especially between marine and continental domains. These two contrasting environments were studied through two modern examples: (1) a marine-fed lagoon area in Cayo Coco (Cuba), and the continental lake of the Great Salt Lake (Utah, USA) in order to identify diagnostic criteria allowing to distinguish both environments in the fossil record.Microbialite result from mineralization and lithification of microbial mats under the influence of metabolic chemical reactions (intrinsic) related to the activity of the microbial biomass and environmental (extrinsic) conditions. The objective of this PhD is to replace microbial deposits, at different scales, in their context of formation to highlight the significance of extrinsic parameters on: (1) the mineralization processes and the formation of microbialites, (2) the morphologies of observed microbial structures, (3) their spatial distribution, and (4) the relationship between microbial mats and microbialite and their environment

Les microbialithes sont des dépôts organosédimentaires benthiques résultant de la minéralisation et de la lithification de tapis microbiens, et dont les plus anciennes formes, se développant il y a 3.4 Ga, constituèrent les premiers écosystèmes terrestres. Ils forment alors une archive sédimentaire unique incluant des périodes clés de l’histoire géologique. Ce travail de thèse se propose d’analyser et de comparer les processus et produits de minéralisation dans les tapis microbiens actuels de deux environnements contrastés : un exemple de lac intracontinental hypersalin, le Grand Lac salé (GSL) aux USA ; une lagune hypersaline à alimentation marine, à Cayo Coco (Cuba) (CCLN). Le devenir des minéraux au cours de la diagenèse précoce, ainsi que leur potentiel d’enregistrement de biosignatures seront particulièrement analysés. Cette thèse se focalisera spécialement sur l’influence de trois facteurs majeurs contrôlant la minéralogie et la fabrique des microbialithes : (i) le rôle de la chimie du milieu (ii) le rôle des métabolismes microbiens (le moteur de l’alcalinité) ; (iii) le rôle de la production et de la dégradation des matrices organiques extracellulaires (EOM). Les deux cas d’études démontrent un rôle prépondérant de la production d’EOM par les cyanobactéries et leur dégradation par les bactéries hétérotrophes dans la minéralisation : (1) Dans les deux systèmes, la première phase minérale a précipiter sur les EOM alvéolaires est une phase riche en magnésium et en silicium. Ce type de minéraux nécessite des pH>8.6-8.7 pour cristalliser. (2) Une autre observation commune est que les carbonates cristallisent souvent dans des zones de forte activité des bactéries sulfato-réductrices (SRB). Notre hypothèse est que les SRB dégradent les EOM, libérant des cations (Mg2+ et Ca2+) disponibles pour la cristallisation des carbonates. Dans les tapis du CCLN et contrairement au GSL, nos résultats démontrent une forte activité de photosynthèse anoxygénique par les bactéries pourpres sulfureuses (PSB). La limite entre la zone oxique et la zone anoxique est caractérisée par un pH maximum et coïncide avec la formation d’une lamine de carbonates. Deux différences majeures sont observées entre les paragenèses du GSL et du CCLN : (1) le locus initial de la précipitation des carbonates. Dans le GSL, l’aragonite précipite dans les cyanobactéries, perminéralise leur paroi et enfin la matrice organique. Pour Cuba, une calcite magnésienne péloïdale précipite sur les EOM puis rempli les bactéries ; (2) la minéralogie et l’évolution des carbonates lors de la diagenèse précoce. Les microbialithes du GSL montrent une aragonite partiellement dissoute et une dolomite venant se développer à sa périphérie. Au CCLN, de l’aragonite se développe en surcroissance des peloïdes de HMC précédemment formés. Les différences minéralogiques des carbonates entre les deux systèmes pourraient s’expliquer par un changement du rapport Mg/Ca. Les résultats pourront être utilisés afin de mieux interpréter les conditions paléoenvironnementales et les processus microbiens en jeu dans des microbialithes de registres fossiles analogues
Microbialites are benthic organosedimentary deposits resulting of the mineralization and lithification of the microbial mats, and the most ancient forms, developing there are 3.4 Ga, are the first earthly ecosystem. They form a unique sedimentary archive including key periods of the geological history. This study proposes to analyze and compare the processes and the products of mineralization in the modern microbial mats of two different environments: an example of intracontinental modern lake, the Great Salt Lake (USA; GSL); a lagoonal marine sea fed in Cayo Coco (Cuba; CCLN). The mineral product during of the primary diagenesis, as that them potential of biosignatures recording will be particularly detailed. This work will focus on the influence of three major factors controlling the mineralogy and the fabric of the microbialites: (i) environment chemistry role, (ii) microbial metabolisms role, (iii) role of the production and degradation of the extracellular organic matrix (EOM). Both environments studied show a high role of the EOM production by cyanobacteria and them degradation by the heterotrophic bacteria in the mineralization: (1) In both systems, the first phase to precipitate on the alveolar EOM is a rich magnesium and silica phase. This type of mineral needs pH around 8.6/8.7 to precipitate. (2) An other common observation is that carbonate precipitate generally in the high sulfate-reducing activity zones. Our hypothesis is that the sulfato-reducing bacteria (SRB) degrade the EOM, releasing cations (Mg2+ and Ca2+) available for carbonate crystallization. The limit between the oxic and anoxic zones is characterized by maximum pH coinciding with the precipitation of carbonate lamina. Two mains differences have been observed between the paragenesis both systems: (1) initial locus of the carbonate precipitation. In the GSL, the aragonite precipitates in the bacteria and then permineralizes the wall of bacteria and then the EOM network. In Cuba, the peloidal magnesian calcite precipitates on the EOM then fill the bacteria; (2) the mineralogy and the evolution of the carbonate during the preliminary diagenesis. The microbialithes of GSL show the aragonite partly dissolved and a dolomite developing next to the aragonite. In the CCLN, aragonite developing around the magnesian calcite peloids. The mineralogical carbonate differences between both systems could explain by a change of the Mg/Ca. The results could be used to better understand and interpret the paleoenvironmental conditions and the microbial processes stake in ancient microbialite analogs

La tesi es centra en una anàlisi prèvia de les implicacions de la teoria del cicle de vida aplicada a les destinacions turístiques pel geògraf canadenc Richard W. Butler (1982) i en un estudi del significat de l'aparició del postmodernisme i les seves repercussions en el turisme, a la vegada que es resegueix la història que ha fet possible l'aparició del turisme massificat de sol i platja.
Tot això és la base teòrica imprescindible per poder estudiar empíricament les destinacions de Saltburn (Regne Unit), l'Estartit (Costa Brava) i Cayo Coco (Cuba), utilitzant el cicle de vida per escriure la seva història i veure les polítiques de desenvolupament i regeneració turística que s'han seguit i si aquestes es poden qualificar de postfordistes. La principal conclusió és que el concepte del cicle de vida es limita a ser una eina de diagnòstic a posteriori. El cicle de vida, com a instrument prescriptiu, no serveix. Es específic per a cada destinació, amb unes etapes i punts d'inflexió que només es poden establir en restrospectiva. El cicle de vida és una eina descriptiva molt útil per entendre l'evolució de les destinacions turístiques i els seus mercats, però vigilant de no caure en falses exploracions o perillosos determinismes.
This thesis is based on an analysis of the implications of the life-cycle theory on tourist destinations by the Canadian geographer Richard W. Butler (1982); and on a study of what the emergence of postmodernim and its repercussions on tourism have meant. At the same time, the history that has made the appearance of mass sun and beach tourism possible is reviewed.
All this is the theoretical basis for the empirical study of the tourist destinations of Saltburn (United Kingdom), l'Estartit (Costa Brava) and Cayo Coco (Cuba). Life cycle is used as the instrument for writing their history and seeing what development and tourist regeneration policies they have followed and whether they can be defined as post-Fordist policies.
In conclusion, current tourist models, more inauthentic, diverse and customised, place a question-mark over the Fordist tourist practices of previous decades, although there are still more elements of continuity than of change. The idea now is to make the Fordist tourist model feasible, by using postmodernism as an instrument to give a theoretical and ideological gloss to the model that can be still called Fordist, but that has been adapted to new times and settings.

Coral communities have begun to form under small inlet-style bridges along the causeway connecting Cayo Coco to Cayo Guillermo. To understand how these bridge-reefs formed and characterize their attributes relative to surrounding communities, a combination of ecological observations and 13C isotopes were analyzed from the bridges and surrounding reefs, mangrove channels and seagrass patches. Hierarchical Cluster Analysis, Detrended Correspondence Analysis and Canonical Correspondence Analysis were carried out to group which physical attributes contributed to the coral communities in the bridge-reefs and also which habitats they were most similar to, with respect to coral and benthic composition. Bridge reef coral assemblages resembled shallow patch reefs and mangrove channels, while benthic coverage was similar to mangrove channels. Organic matter was from combined seagrass and mangrove sources, with mangrove dominating in some regions more than others. This work demonstrates that habitats within the seascape are inter-related through varying mechanisms and development is multi-dimensional.