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Troup, Lucy J., Simon Erridge, Beata Ciesluk, and Mikael H. Sodergren. "Perceived Stigma of Patients Undergoing Treatment with Cannabis-Based Medicinal Products." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 12 (2022): 7499. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19127499.
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Cannabis-based medicinal products (CBMPs) are prescribed with increasing frequency. This study aimed to investigate the perceived stigma attached to patients prescribed CBMPs in the UK to establish its prevalence. A qualitative survey was developed by an expert multidisciplinary group and data were collected via Qualtrics. In total, 2319 patients on CBMP therapy were invited to take part in this study. 450 (19.4%) participants completed the questionnaire. In total, 81.3% (n = 366), 76.9% (n = 346), and 61.3% (n = 276) of participants reported feeling very comfortable or comfortable telling friends, family, and medical professionals, respectively, about their treatment. Participants thought that friends (n = 372; 82.7%) and family (n = 339; 75.3%) were very approving or somewhat approving of their CBMP prescription. However, participants thought that only 37.8% (n = 170) of healthcare professionals and 32.9% (n = 148) of society in general were very approving or somewhat approving of their CBMP prescription. 57.1% (n = 257), 55.3% (n = 249), and 40.2% (n = 181) of participants were afraid of what the police or criminal justice system, other government agencies, and healthcare professionals might think about their treatment. This study highlights those patients treated with CBMPs experience a high prevalence of perceived stigma from many corners of society. Future work should be undertaken to explore strategies to reduce perceived stigma at an individual and community level to avoid discrimination of patients, likely increasing appropriate access.
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Zafar, RR, AK Schlag, and DJ Nutt. "Ending the pain of children with severe epilepsy? An audit of the impact of medical cannabis in 10 patients." Drug Science, Policy and Law 6 (January 2020): 205032452097448. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2050324520974487.
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Background Scientific and anecdotal evidence suggest that whole plant cannabis extracts are effective in reducing seizure frequency in individuals with a range of epileptic etiologies. We report a case series of 10 individuals using CBMPs in the UK to treat their conditions. Methods In this retrospective study, we report on patients (aged 2-48) with severe, intractable, childhood onset epilepsies using combined cannabinoid therapy. Carers of patients provided details through the charity ‘End our Pain’ and these data were subsequently analysed. Our primary objective was to assess changes in monthly seizure frequency pre and post initiation of CBMPs. We also report on previous and current AED, CBD:THC daily dose, quality of life and financial costs associated with CBMP private prescription. Change in monthly seizure frequency were assessed using a Wilcoxon Signed-ranks test. Results Of the 10 patients enrolled in the study there was an 97% mean reduction in monthly seizure frequency post initiation of CBMPs which was statistically significant (Z = 0, p < 0·01). We showed a reduction in AED use following initiation of CBMPs from a mean of 8 (±5·98) to 1 (±1·05). All patients were using either Bedrolite or Bedica (Bedrocan International) as their CBMP. Individual daily doses of THC ranged from 6·6mg – 26·5mg and for CBD, 200 mg – 550 mg. Average monthly cost of CBMP was £1816·20. Interpretation Our findings suggest a combination of CBD and THC based products are effective in reducing seizure frequency in a range of epileptic conditions. We highlight the inefficacy of the healthcare system in supporting these patients who bare great personal and financial burdens. We encourage specialist physicians and relevant bodies to permit greater ease of access of these medications to those patients where efficacy has been shown.
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Kidd, Jess A., Monica Boudreau, Robert C. Bailey, Michael R. van den Heuvel, Mark R. Servos, and Simon C. Courtenay. "Evaluating the Sampling Design of a Long-Term Community-Based Estuary Monitoring Program." Fishes 6, no. 3 (2021): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fishes6030027.
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Community-based monitoring programs (CBMPs) are a cost-effective option to collect the long-term data required to effectively monitor estuaries. Data quality concerns have caused some CBMP datasets, which could fill knowledge gaps for aquatic ecosystems, to go unused. The Community Aquatic Monitoring Program (CAMP) is a CBMP that has collected littoral nekton assemblage data from estuaries in the southern Gulf of St. Lawrence since 2003. Concerns with the CAMP sampling design (station placement and numbers) have prevented decision-makers from using the data to inform estuary health assessments. This study tested if CAMP’s sampling design that accommodates volunteer participation provides similar information as a scientific sampling approach. Six CAMP stations and six stations selected using a stratified random design were sampled at ten estuaries. A permutational-MANOVA revealed nekton assemblages were generally not significantly different between the two sampling designs. The current six CAMP stations are sufficient to detect the larger differences in species abundances that may indicate differences in estuary condition. The predicted increase in precision (2%) with twelve stations is not substantive enough to warrant an increased sampling effort. CAMP’s scientific utility is not limited by station selection bias or numbers. Furthermore, well-designed CBMPs can produce comparable data to scientific studies.
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Erridge, Simon, Mikael H. Sodergren, and Mark W. Weatherall. "Medical cannabis in multiple sclerosis." British Journal of Neuroscience Nursing 18, Sup3 (2022): S28—S31. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjnn.2022.18.sup3.s28.
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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, inflammatory, demyelinating and neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system that affects over 100 000 individuals in the UK. The symptoms of MS are heterogenous and correspond to the location of demyelination. However, common symptoms include sensory, motor, cognitive and affective disturbances. While the cornerstone of medical therapy is disease modifying agents, there is an ongoing need to develop symptomatic treatments. Cannabis-based medicinal products (CBMPs), which were partially legalised in the UK in November 2018, have been touted as a potential management option for the associated sequelae of MS. Nabiximols, an oromucosal spray containing cannabidiol and (−)-trans-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol, has been extensively evaluated for the treatment of MS-related spasticity. However, unlicensed CBMP formulations are a novel therapeutic class of medications, of which the clinical effects are less well known. Yet, there are promising indications for the use of CBMP in the symptomatic treatment of MS. This article reviews the literature on efficacy and safety of medical cannabis for people with MS.
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Wang, Penghao, and Zheng Lu. "The effect of collateral-based monetary policy on green finance: Evidence from China." Oeconomia Copernicana 15, no. 4 (2024): 1223–62. https://doi.org/10.24136/oc.3001.
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Research background: Green finance is crucial to accelerating China’s green transition, and its growth depends largely on the corresponding monetary policy. To increase financial institutions’ support for the green economy, China’s central bank has recognized green bonds as eligible collateral for monetary policy tools since June 1, 2018. Purpose of the article: In this context, we investigate the effect of collateral-based monetary policy (CBMP) on green finance (GF) in China by utilizing a quasi-natural experiment approach. Methods: Using the Propensity Score Matching-Difference in Difference (PSM-DID) method and daily bond trading data, we investigated the impact of CBMP on the cost and availability of green finance. In further analysis, we employed bond issuance data and listed company data to examine the spillover effects of CBMP and its influence on the real economy. Findings & value added: Our results suggest that CBMP, in the secondary market, actively stimulated the growth of GF by reducing green bond spreads and expanding their financing scale. Furthermore, this beneficial outcome is particularly obvious for low-grade green bonds, bonds issued by state-owned enterprises (SOEs), and in regions with stringent environmental regulations and high government green attention. Particularly, we have also found that there exists a spillover effect across markets, i.e., endowing collateral eligibility to green bonds in the secondary market, can reduce bonds’ spreads and increase bonds’ financing scale in the primary market. Finally, we have found that CBMP effectively incentivizes corporate green behavior rather than “greenwashing”. Our findings suggest that China should further optimize CBMP, focus more on non-SOEs green finance difficulties, and strengthen local governments’ green attention and implementation capacity.
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Jiang, Xia-sen, Hong-qing Xie, Chun-guang Li, et al. "Chinese Propolis Inhibits the Proliferation of Human Gastric Cancer Cells by Inducing Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2020 (July 22, 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/2743058.
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Special Chinese propolis sourced from the Changbai Mountains (CBMP) in Northeast China is rich in specific flavonoids and phenolic acids and its bioactivity has not been reported. This study aimed to investigate the antiproliferative effect of CBMP on cancer cells and its molecular mechanisms. Different cancer cell lines were treated with the ethanol extracts of CBMP for 24 hours before the cell viability and mechanism measurements. The results showed CBMP had weak activities against human pancreatic cancer cell PANC1, human lung cancer cell A549, human colon cancer cell HCT116, human liver cancer cell HepG2, human bladder cancer cell T24, and human breast cancer cell MDA-MB-231, but it significantly inhibited the growth of human gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells, caused cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in S phase, with increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reduced mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). The results indicate that Chinese propolis sourced from the Changbai Mountains selectively inhibits the proliferation of human gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells by inducing both death receptor-induced apoptosis and mitochondria-mediated apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest in S phase. These activities and mechanisms help understand the anticancer action of propolis and its active compounds.
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Talekar, P. R. "Improving health system through communitisation: A case of Maharashtra." International Journal of Advance and Applied Research 5, no. 13 (2024): 18–20. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11242879.
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The role of community based organization in advancing Universal Health Coverage and meeting the target 3.8 of the 2030 Agenda for sustainable development has received recognition globally. India's experience with the National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) and Jan Swasthya Abhiyan (JSA) Or People's Health Movement are notable on account of nationally formalising at scale, community action in service delivery, monitoring and planning of health services. In this paper, the study has been undertaken to document the communitisation process in Maharashtra. Community based monitoring and planning (CBMP) of health services in Maharashtra represents an innovative participatory approach. This paper examines the success and challenges of this process.Further, it throws light on the contribution of CBMP in deepening democracy, building accountability, improving access and enhancing responsiveness of Public health service. CBMP in Maharashtra is organised at multiple levels, with Health officials, elected village representatives, civil society organisation and active community members forming multi stakeholder monitoring and planning committees at each level. Implementation includes awareness raising and preparatory activities, capacity building and training of participants, community based assessment of health services, organisation of public hearings and state level dialogue event.
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Hurn, Samantha. "An Individual’s Lived Experiences of Taking Cannabis-Based Medicinal Products (CBMPs) to Treat Anxiety." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 18 (2023): 6776. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20186776.
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This report documents the case of a patient (the author) participating in a clinical trial of medical cannabis (Cannabis sativa L.)—the Sapphire Access Scheme, run by the Sapphire Medical Clinic as part of the UK Medical Cannabis Registry—to explore the impacts of cannabis-based medicinal products (CBMPs) on anxiety. For most of my life, I have experienced often very serious bouts of poor mental health arising, in part, from childhood abuse, and have been diagnosed with several mental health conditions which constitute disabilities. I have received various conventional treatments and multiple alternative therapies. However, none of these have enabled me to consistently manage my conditions long-term, and I often suffer relapses. As part of the Sapphire Access Scheme, I complete regular quantitative questionnaires regarding the impacts of the CBMPs on my anxiety and have also obtained the clinic’s permission to qualitatively document and write up the impacts of CBMPs on my mental health. Here, I present a preliminary autoethnographic exploration of my lived experiences of CBMP use over the first four months of the trial, which show that even within such a short space of time, CBMPs have had a positive impact on treating what had previously been treatment-refractive chronic anxiety.
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Scherer, Jürgen, and Rainer Seitz. "Sicherheit von Zelltherapeutika/Cell-based medicinal products (CBMP)." Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz 58, no. 11-12 (2015): 1199–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00103-015-2254-y.
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Zoricheva, A. S., E. A. Zvonova, L. S. Agapova, M. S. Lykova, O. A. Markova, and V. S. Leonov. "Experience in the production and clinical application of the cell-based medicinal product Easytense® for the repair of cartilage defects of the human knee." Biological Products. Prevention, Diagnosis, Treatment 24, no. 2 (2024): 172–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.30895/2221-996x-2024-24-2-172-187.
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INTRODUCTION. The current cell-based cartilage repair methods, such as autologous chondrocyte transplantation, are not sufficiently effective, and the surgery is painful and traumatic. Therefore, there is a need for a more effective cell therapy product with a minimally invasive surgical procedure for its implantation into the patient.AIM. This study aimed to develop a manufacturing technology for the production of an autologous cell-based medicinal product (CBMP) comprising three-dimensional structures (3D-spheroids) based on chondrocytes isolated from the patient’s cartilage tissue, as well as to evaluate its clinical efficacy.MATERIALS AND METHODS. Autologous chondrocytes isolated from the patient’s cartilage biopsy were propagated in monolayer culture to obtain the required number of cells. Subsequently, the chondrocytes were cultivated on plates with a non-adhesive coating to form 3D spheroids. All CBMP production steps were performed under aseptic conditions in cell culture isolators. The authors used phase-contrast microscopy and immunohistochemical staining with specific fluorescence-labelled antibodies to characterise chondrocyte phenotypes at different stages of cultivation. Genetic stability was controlled by karyotyping. The efficacy of Easytense® was evaluated in a clinical trial using specialised functional tests and the Magnetic Resonance Observation of Cartilage Repair Tissue (MOCART) score. The primary efficacy endpoint was a change in the overall score on the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS).RESULTS. A manufacturing technology without using animal sera, growth factors, cytokines, or other additives was developed for the production of the autologous CBMP Easytense®. Karyological data confirmed that the chondrocytes retained genetic stability for 3 passages in monolayer culture. When cultured as 3D spheroids, the chondrocytes produced cartilage extracellular matrix proteins (type II collagen, aggrecan), thus acquiring the ability to repair damaged cartilage. The clinical trial demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in knee cartilage 12 months after the transplantation of 3D spheroids derived from autologous chondrocytes. The mean change in the overall KOOS score was 23.8±15.9.CONCLUSIONS. The clinical trial results indicate that Easytense® is highly effective for cartilage repair. Based on these results, the CBMP has been granted marketing authorisation and introduced into clinical practice in the Russian Federation. Easytense® has the potential to replace endoprosthetics and expensive surgeries abroad.
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Monroe, David G., Donald F. Jin, and Michel M. Sanders. "Estrogen Opposes the Apoptotic Effects of Bone Morphogenetic Protein 7 on Tissue Remodeling." Molecular and Cellular Biology 20, no. 13 (2000): 4626–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.20.13.4626-4634.2000.
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ABSTRACT Interactions between estrogen and growth factor signaling pathways at the level of gene expression play important roles in the function of reproductive tissues. For example, estrogen regulates transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) in the uterus during the proliferative phase of the mammalian reproductive cycle. Bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP-7), a member of the TGFβ superfamily, is also involved in the development and function of reproductive tissues. However, relatively few studies have addressed the expression of BMP-7 in reproductive tissues, and the role of BMP-7 remains unclear. As part of an ongoing effort to understand how estrogen represses gene expression and to study its interactions with other signaling pathways, chick BMP-7 (cBMP-7) was cloned. cBMP-7 mRNA levels are repressed threefold within 8 h following estrogen treatment in the chick oviduct, an extremely estrogen-responsive reproductive tissue. This regulation occurs at the transcriptional level. Estrogen has a protective role in many tissues, and withdrawal from estrogen often leads to tissue regression; however, the mechanisms mediating regression of the oviduct remain unknown. Terminal transferase-mediated end-labeling and DNA laddering assays demonstrated that regression of the oviduct during estrogen withdrawal involves apoptosis, which is a novel observation. cBMP-7 mRNA levels during estrogen withdrawal increase concurrently with the apoptotic index of the oviduct. Furthermore, addition of purified BMP-7 induces apoptosis in primary oviduct cells. This report demonstrates that the function of BMP-7 in the oviduct involves the induction of apoptosis and that estrogen plays an important role in opposing this function.
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Liu, Lulu, Shiming Liu, Qingfan Meng, et al. "Evaluating Beauveria bassiana Strains for Insect Pest Control and Endophytic Colonization in Wheat." Insects 16, no. 3 (2025): 287. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects16030287.
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Certain entomopathogenic fungi, such as Beauveria bassiana, are highly pathogenic to arthropod pests and are able to colonize plant tissues, thereby enhancing both plant growth and disease resistance. This study assessed three B. bassiana strains (CBM1, CBM2, and CBM3) for their pathogenicity toward insect larvae and colonization potential in wheat. The insecticidal activity of the fungi against the larvae of the major lepidopteran pests Helicoverpa armigera, Spodoptera frugiperda, Mythimna separata, and Plutella xylostella was determined. The fungi were then applied to wheat plants using seed immersion and soil drench methods; their colonization rates were compared, and the impacts of fungal colonization on wheat growth and survival were evaluated. The results demonstrated that all three strains were effective in reducing insect damage, with B. bassiana CBM1 exhibiting the highest pathogenicity followed by CBM3 and CBM2. B. bassiana CBM1 was particularly effective, with a significantly higher colonization rate achieved through soil drenching compared to seed immersion. The soil inoculation of B. bassiana resulted in increased plant height at 30 days after sowing (DAS) and root length at 15 DAS compared to the control group. B. bassiana CBM1-colonized wheat increased the mortality of fall armyworm. This research has enriched the biological control microbial resource pool and highlights the potential of B. bassiana in integrated pest management strategies.
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Bi, Xue, Lu Leng, Cheonshik Kim, Xinwen Liu, Yajun Du, and Feng Liu. "Constrained Backtracking Matching Pursuit Algorithm for Image Reconstruction in Compressed Sensing." Applied Sciences 11, no. 4 (2021): 1435. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11041435.
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Image reconstruction based on sparse constraints is an important research topic in compressed sensing. Sparsity adaptive matching pursuit (SAMP) is a greedy pursuit reconstruction algorithm, which reconstructs signals without prior information of the sparsity level and potentially presents better reconstruction performance than other greedy pursuit algorithms. However, SAMP still suffers from being sensitive to the step size selection at high sub-sampling ratios. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a constrained backtracking matching pursuit (CBMP) algorithm for image reconstruction. The composite strategy, including two kinds of constraints, effectively controls the increment of the estimated sparsity level at different stages and accurately estimates the true support set of images. Based on the relationship analysis between the signal and measurement, an energy criterion is also proposed as a constraint. At the same time, the four-to-one rule is improved as an extra constraint. Comprehensive experimental results demonstrate that the proposed CBMP yields better performance and further stability than other greedy pursuit algorithms for image reconstruction.
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Marshall, Jennifer E., Daniel J. Bucher, and Stephen D. A. Smith. "Patterns of infaunal macromollusc assemblages in a subtropical marine park: implications for management." Marine and Freshwater Research 69, no. 4 (2018): 502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf17122.
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Characterisation of habitats and communities is necessary to allow managers knowledge of the ecological resources they are charged with conserving. However, the high cost of gathering such data often precludes their incorporation into conservation planning, and habitat surrogates are often relied upon to represent underlying biotic patterns. In New South Wales (NSW), Australia, extensive surveys informed the development of a state-wide habitat classification scheme (HCS) for biodiversity management based on the distribution of habitat types by water depth. To test the suitability of the current HCS for soft sediments, we compared infaunal mollusc assemblages at two different depths, and at scales of kilometres to tens of kilometres, within five coastal regions of the Cape Byron Marine Park (CBMP). Mollusc assemblages differed significantly between depths and among the range of spatial scales examined, and patterns were significantly correlated with mean grain size and sorting. Species richness also differed between depths and among sampling locations, whereas abundance differed between depths and among sites nested within locations. Although the present study provides preliminary support for the relevance of the NSW HCS depth categories in the CBMP, it also suggests that future refinement should consider the inclusion of categories based on sediment characteristics.
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Oksanen, J., A. Marttinen, S. Paatsama, and T. S. Lindholm. "Extraction and Characterization of Native Canine Bone Morphogenetic Protein (cBMP) Qualified with Osteoinductive." Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica 39, no. 2 (1998): 165–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/bf03547789.
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Ivanov, Mykyta. "Early metallurgy of Ukraine of the Late 5th – 4th Millennia BC: a Synthesis." Sprawozdania Archeologiczne 75, no. 1 (2023): 13–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.23858/sa/75.2023.1.3424.
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According to the classical model of the metallurgical raw material supply chain proposed by Eugeniy Chernykh, the Eneolithic and Early Bronze age cultures of Ukraine were completely dependent on imported raw material. It seems that the main supplier of metal, as well as some complete goods during the 5th and 4th Millennia BC, was the ‘Carpatho-Balkan Metallurgical Province (CBMP)’ while during the 3rd Millennium BC, the provision chain was reoriented towards the ‘Circumpontic Metallurgical Province (CMP)’. Yet, new discoveries that were made during the 1990s-2020s indicate the need for the amendment of such a model. This is the aim of the current paper. In the following text, the concept of four Ukrainian local metallurgical provinces and two metalworking foci will be introduced. The typology and dating of the recently discovered metal objects as well as metallurgical tools will be provided. The question of the existence of domestic metallurgical raw material deposits will be discussed.
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Taylor, Jason J., James P. Lawler, Mora Aronsson, et al. "Arctic terrestrial biodiversity status and trends: A synopsis of science supporting the CBMP State of Arctic Terrestrial Biodiversity Report." Ambio 49, no. 3 (2020): 833–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13280-019-01303-w.
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Lee, S., D. Yang, Y. Park, et al. "Real-Time Body Surface Motion Tracking Using the Couch Based Computer Controlled Motion Phantom (CBMP) and Ultrasonic Sensor: A Feasibility Study." International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics 69, no. 3 (2007): S742—S743. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2007.07.2298.
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Ricotta, Francesco, Salvatore Battaglia, Federico Bolognesi, Francesco Ceccariglia, Claudio Marchetti, and Achille Tarsitano. "Use of CAD–CAM Bridging Mandibular Prosthesis in Osteonecrosis of the Jaw: The Experience of Our School." Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, no. 11 (2020): 3516. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9113516.
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Osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) is a disease that affects the jaw. It is mainly related to radiation or bisphosphonates therapy, and the symptoms and signs consist of pain, bone exposure, inflammation of the surrounding soft tissue swelling, and secondary infection or drainage. In the case of advanced disease of the mandibular area, the treatment of choice is mandibular resection and reconstruction. In the present study, we report a case series of patients affected by ONJ and treated with a customised bridging mandibular prosthesis-only technique. From 2016 to 2018, we treated five consecutive patients affected by ONJ: three patients were affected by biphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the mandible (BRONJ) and two were affected by osteoradionecrosis of the mandible (ORNJ). Three patients needed a soft tissue free flap to permit optimal wound closure, intra- and/or extraorally. All reconstructive procedures were carried out successfully, with no major or minor microvascular complication. The average postoperative follow-up was 24.8 (range 10–41) months. Considering that microvascular bone transfer is a high-risk procedure in BRONJ patients, we can conclude that the positioning of a customised bridging mandibular prosthesis (CBMP), whether or not associated with a microvascular soft tissue transfer, is a safe technique in terms of surgical outcome and feasibility.
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Al-Khalaifah, Hanan S., Shimaa A. Amer, Dina M. M. Al-Sadek, Alshimaa A. Khalil, Eman M. Zaki, and Doaa A. El-Araby. "Optimizing the Growth, Health, Reproductive Performance, and Gonadal Histology of Broodstock Fantail Goldfish (Carassius auratus, L.) by Dietary Cacao Bean Meal." Animals 10, no. 10 (2020): 1808. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10101808.
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The potential effects of cacao bean meal, Theobroma cacao L., (CBM) on the growth, health status, blood biochemical parameters, antioxidant, immune status, physiological parameters, female reproductive performance, and gonadal histological features of fantail goldfish (Carassius auratus, L.) were evaluated using a complete randomized block design with sex as a block. The trial lasted for 60 days. A total of 54 healthy fantail goldfish (36 broodstock females and 18 broodstock males) were randomly allocated into three treatments with supplementation of three levels of cocoa powder 0, 5, and 10 g kg−1 diet, CBM0, CBM5, and CBM10, respectively, with the sex ratio being four females:two males per replicate. The body weight gain and feed conversion ratio of males were increased in the CBM10 treatment (p < 0.05). The CBM10 diet improved relative feed costs (p < 0.05). Females fed on the CBM10 diet had an increase in the serum level of total protein (p = 0.001). Females fed on a diet supplemented with CBM5 showed a decrease in the serum level of triglyceride compared to females fed on CBM0 and CBM10 diets (p = 0.03). CBM10 diet increased the serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity of fish compared to CBM0 and CBM5 diets (p = 0.004). Serum levels of testosterone and estradiol were significantly increased in males fed on the CBM10 diet. The female reproductive performance was improved by CBM supplementation (p < 0.05). Ovarian histology exhibited increased granulation and follicle numbers after dietary CBM supplementation compared to the control treatment. Therefore, cacao bean meal can be used as a feed supplement in the diets of fantail goldfish for improving the growth, health status, and female reproductive performance, economic efficiency, and gonadal histological structure.
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Chanyalew, Moges Asressie, Mezgebu Yitayal, Asmamaw Atnafu, Shegaw Anagaw Mengiste, and Binyam Tilahun. "The Effectiveness of the Capacity Building and Mentorship Program in Improving Evidence-Based Decision-making in the Amhara Region, Northwest Ethiopia: Difference-in-Differences Study." JMIR Medical Informatics 10, no. 4 (2022): e30518. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/30518.
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Background Weak health information systems (HISs) hobble countries’ abilities to effectively manage and distribute their resources to match the burden of disease. The Capacity Building and Mentorship Program (CBMP) was implemented in select districts of the Amhara region of Ethiopia to improve HIS performance; however, evidence about the effectiveness of the intervention was meager. Objective This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of routine health information use for evidence-based decision-making among health facility and department heads in the Amhara region, Northwest Ethiopia. Methods The study was conducted in 10 districts of the Amhara region: five were in the intervention group and five were in the comparison group. We employed a quasi-experimental study design in the form of a pretest-posttest comparison group. Data were collected from June to July 2020 from the heads of departments and facilities in 36 intervention and 43 comparison facilities. The sample size was calculated using the double population formula, and we recruited 172 participants from each group. We applied a difference-in-differences analysis approach to determine the effectiveness of the intervention. Heterogeneity of program effect among subgroups was assessed using a triple differences method (ie, difference-in-difference-in-differences [DIDID] method). Thus, the β coefficients, 95% CIs, and P values were calculated for each parameter, and we determined that the program was effective if the interaction term was significant at P<.05. Results Data were collected using the endpoint survey from 155 out of 172 (90.1%) participants in the intervention group and 166 out of 172 (96.5%) participants in the comparison group. The average level of information use for the comparison group was 37.3% (95% CI 31.1%-43.6%) at baseline and 43.7% (95% CI 37.9%-49.5%) at study endpoint. The average level of information use for the intervention group was 52.2% (95% CI 46.2%-58.3%) at baseline and 75.8% (95% CI 71.6%-80.0%) at study endpoint. The study indicated that the net program change over time was 17% (95% CI 5%-28%; P=.003). The subgroup analysis also indicated that location showed significant program effect heterogeneity, with a DIDID estimate equal to 0.16 (95% CI 0.026-0.29; P=.02). However, sex, age, educational level, salary, and experience did not show significant heterogeneity in program effect, with DIDID estimates of 0.046 (95% CI –0.089 to 0.182), –0.002 (95% CI –0.015 to 0.009), –0.055 (95% CI –0.190 to 0.079), –1.63 (95% CI –5.22 to 1.95), and –0.006 (95% CI –0.017 to 0.005), respectively. Conclusions The CBMP was effective at enhancing the capacity of study participants in using the routine HIS for decision-making. We noted that urban facilities had benefited more than their counterparts. The intervention has been shown to produce positive outcomes and should be scaled up to be used in other districts. Moreover, the mentorship modalities for rural facilities should be redesigned to maximize the benefits. Trial Registration Pan African Clinical Trials Registry PACTR202001559723931; https://tinyurl.com/3j7e5ka5
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Townshend, Kishani, Nerina J. Caltabiano, Rosalind Powrie, and Helen O’Grady. "A Preliminary Study Investigating the Effectiveness of the Caring for Body and Mind in Pregnancy (CBMP) in Reducing Perinatal Depression, Anxiety and Stress." Journal of Child and Family Studies 27, no. 5 (2018): 1556–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10826-017-0978-z.
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Battaglia, Salvatore, Francesco Ricotta, Salvatore Crimi, et al. "Mandibular Reconstruction with Bridging Customized Plate after Ablative Surgery for ONJ: A Multi-Centric Case Series." Applied Sciences 11, no. 22 (2021): 11069. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app112211069.
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Purpose: Computer-aided methods for mandibular reconstruction have improved both functional and morphological results in patients who underwent segmental mandibular resection. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the overlaying of virtual planning in terms of measures of the Computer Assisted Design/Computer Assisted Manufacturing CAD/CAM plate for mandibular reconstruction in patients who are ineligible for the insertion of reconstructing the titanium plate supported by fibular free flap, due to their poor health status, or in the presence of specific contraindications to autologous bone flap harvest. Materials and methods: The retrospective study performed analyzed the results of nine patients. The patients were treated at the Maxillofacial Surgery Unit of Policlinico S. Orsola of Bologna, Italy, and Policlinico San Marco, Catania, Italy, from April 2016 to June 2021. Superimposition between planning and post operative Computed Tomography CT scan was performed to assess the accuracy. Results: All reconstructive procedures were carried out successfully. No microsurgery-related complications occurred. In two cases, we had plate misplacement, and in one case, plate exposure that led to plate removal. The average accuracy of the series assessed after CT superimposition, as previously described, was 0.95 mm. Conclusions: Considering that microvascular bone transfer is a high-risk procedure in BRONJ patients, we can conclude that the positioning of a customized bridging mandibular prosthesis (CBMP), whether or not it is associated with a microvascular soft tissue transfer, is a safe technique in terms of surgical outcome and feasibility.
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Marathe, Shweta N., Deepali S. Yakkundi, and Hemraj Patil. "Assessing usefulness of ‘participatory audit and planning process on improving functioning of patient welfare committees in select public health institutes from Maharashtra." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 5, no. 5 (2018): 1887. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20181693.
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Background: Social audit is being increasingly recognized and used as a tool for ensuring accountability and transparency in various social sectors. Building upon social audit concept, retaining its core with appropriate modifications in the context of patients’ welfare committee (PWC) funds in public health institutions the ‘participatory audit and planning (PAP) process’ was developed and conducted in nine health institutes from Maharashtra by civil society organisations. The aim of the PAP was to improve the overall functioning of PWC. At state level, it has been decided to implement the process in 140 health institutions implementing CBMP of Health in Maharashtra. With such recognition of the process at state level, it was felt necessary to study the usefulness of the PAP process on functioning of PWCs.Methods: Hence a descriptive study was conducted for assessing changes after introducing the PAP process on functioning of PWC in six out of nine health institutions, with the objectives to understand the change in pattern of expenditure of PWC funds for three consecutive years (2013-2016) in the context of conduction of PAP process and to understand opinions and experiences of various stakeholders of the PWC regarding usefulness of PAP process for improving functioning of PWC.Results: This study signifies the usefulness of PAP process in the view of various stakeholders, especially on improving participatory planning of funds, bringing transparency in expenditure, record keeping and hence ensuring effective utilisation of PWC funds in the view of patients need.Conclusions: Scaling up of PAP process shall be considered by the state officials to improve accountability regarding use of PWC funds and ensure it’s pro-people expenditure.
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de la Vega, Lia Rodriguez. "International Migration in South Asia: Notes on the “Illegal Migration” from Bangladesh to India." Oriental Anthropologist: A Bi-annual International Journal of the Science of Man 15, no. 2 (2015): 419–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0972558x1501500212.
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India is known for its huge diaspora of over 20 million people outside of the country, (MEA: 2002), whose growing importance has stimulated the development of a specific governmental structure to relate with it. At the same time India is known for receiving several migrants from different South Asian countries, such as Bangladesh, that is associated with “illegal immigration” and human trafficking. In turn, illegal immigration has been a burning issue in the North East of India associated with serious socio-political implications. Though India and Bangladesh depict different positions on the subject, they have put into practice a joint Coordinated Border Management Plan (CBMP), ned in July 2011, besides managing a ‘Task Force of Bangladesh and India for Rescue, Recovery, Repatriation and Integration of Trafficked victims/survivors’. The subject has precipitated questions on security in terms of, both, the states as well as the human beings involved/affected. Considering the above mentioned, this paper aims at analyzing the characteristic of illegal migration from Bangladesh to India by means of the analysis of documents and the review of literature on the subject. Taking up the dynamics of the contemporary positions of both the countires this research offers a critical analysis of the politically sensitive issue. Having signed an agreement on the enclaves issue and the renewal of the bilateral commerce, the two contiguous neihbours also highlight the need to monitor the border in a more effective way, and disable the policy of ‘vote bank’ amidst their other concerns. It seems worthy of attention therefore, that India and Bangladesh work for a more comprehensive approach to the question of security. It would be interesting to see if such an approach between them could also include on board, the issues connected with the development and empowerment of subjects and regions, both as a strategy and as a response to the subject.
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Njoku, Charles Odinakachi, Kelechi Enyinnia Ugwu, Chilaka Emmanuel Nwaimo, and Obumneme Daniel Ezekiel. "Commercial bank credits and industrial development in Nigeria." Journal of Commerce, Management, and Tourism Studies 2, no. 2 (2023): 56–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.58881/jcmts.v2i2.85.
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The aim of this study is to determine how credit from commercial banks affects Industrial Growth in Nigeria. The study spans the years 1983 through 2020. For this reason, Commercial Bank Credits was divided into Commercial Banks Credit to the Manufacturing Sector (CBMF), Commercial Banks Credit to the Mining Sector (CBMN), and Commercial Banks Credit to the Real Estate and Construction Sector (CBRC), and their various effects on Industrial Development (Industrial Gross domestic product - IGDP) were taken into account. It was discovered that all the variables attained stationarity at the first and second difference and then freed themselves from the unit root tangle. The Johansen co-integration test results demonstrated that there is no co-integration equation between the variables listed in the model. The Granger Causality test, which was conducted, showed that there was only one causal relationship between Commercial Banks' contribution to the mining sector (CBMN) and Industrial Development (IGDP). According to the regression analysis's findings, there is a positive and significant relationship between commercial banks' lending to the manufacturing sector (CBMF) and industrial development (IGDP), as well as a negative and significant relationship between commercial banks' lending to the real estate and construction sector (CBRC) and industrial development. This suggests that there is a significant connection between Industrial Development and the credit offered by commercial banks. This research on the effect of Commercial Bank Credits on Industrial Development studied only the Nigerian case. So, the research recommends that this study be extended to other Sub Saharan African Countries. In order to enhance industrial growth and development in the long run, it is recommended that, the commercial banks should grant medium and long term loans to the major players in the industrial sector and avoid under-lending or over-lending. There is disagreement regarding whether there is a long-term or short-term relationship between commercial bank credits and industrial development, as well as the direction of causality. The majority of researchers on this subject did not examine the nature and direction of the relationship between Commercial Bank Credits and Industrial Development in Nigeria using the Cointegration Test and Granger Causality Test. This study closes the knowledge gap.
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Biswas, Binoy Krishna, Md Manzur Ul Karim Khan, Md Shahidul Islam, and Nahida Islam. "Basal Cell Carcinoma at the Tip of the Nose – A Case Report." Community Based Medical Journal 10, no. 2 (2022): 115–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cbmj.v10i2.59178.
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Skin cancers contribute very less to the total number of carcinomas. Particularly when on the face or exposed parts affect cosmetically more than functionally. Basal Cell Carcinoma over face is a locally destructive malignancy of the skin which rarely metastasizes. Basal cell carcinomas are the most common type of cancer in Europe, Australia, and the USA. A case of basal cell carcinoma is reported here in an adult female living in a rural area, who came for cosmetic purpose in the Department of Dermatology & Venereology, Community Based Medical College, Bangladesh (CBMC,B) Hospital, Mymensingh, Bangladesh and was transferred to the Department of Otolaryngology & Neck-Head Surgery of the same institution for better management. She was treated with best of the modalities available, i.e., wide local excision with local Nasolabial flap reconstruction with follow up.
 CBMJ 2021 January: vol. 10 no. 02 P: 115-117
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Pathan, Mohammad Asraful Siddike, Mohammad Shahid Ullah, Md Jahangir Hossain, Md Kamruzzaman, and Wasima Rahman. "Relationship between Life Events and the Onset of Psychiatric Disorders in Childhood and Adolescence." Community Based Medical Journal 14, no. 1 (2025): 70–75. https://doi.org/10.3329/cbmj.v14i1.79307.
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The prevalence of psychiatric problems among children and adolescents is rising in Bangladesh. Children with acute and chronic pediatric diseases have a higher likelihood of developing psychiatric problems, as their physical health challenges can lead to emotional and psychological stress, affecting their overall well-being. Our study aims to explore the relationship between life events and the onset of psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents. This observational study was conducted in the Department of Psychiatry of Community Based Medical College, Bangladesh (CBMC,B) Hospital, Mymensingh, Bangladesh, between January 2022 and February 2023. A total of 110 patients of both sexes were included in the study. The mean age of patients was 10±3.32 years. Among them, 60% were found to have emotional disorders and the life events and psychiatric disorders show that a majority life events of parent financial crisis with higher rates of (22.73%) emotional disorders. Our study indicates the relation between life events and psychiatric conditions among the paediatric population. CBMJ 2025 January: Vol. 14 No. 01 P: 70-75
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Islam, Nahida, and Mohammad Imdadul Hoque Shakil. "Epidemiological Profile Autoimmune Bullous Diseases: A Study Done in A Tertiary Care Hospital in Bangladesh." Community Based Medical Journal 14, no. 1 (2025): 134–38. https://doi.org/10.3329/cbmj.v14i1.79352.
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A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Community Based Medical College, Bangladesh (CBMC,B), Mymensingh, Bangladesh, between March 2022 and March 2024, to evaluate the epidemiology of autoimmune bullous diseases (AIBDs). A total of 89 patients diagnosed with autoimmune bullous diseases (AIBDs) were enrolled in this study using a purposive sampling method. All demographic and clinical information was documented. Most of our participants were aged 60 years or older (53.9%). A male predominance was observed (59.6%). The most prevalent type of AIBD was pemphigus vulgaris (59.6%). Hypertension (12.4%), diabetes mellitus (7.9%), hyperlipidemia (5.6%), osteoporosis (4.5%), coronary heart disease (3.4%) and hepatitis (3.4%) were observed as the main comorbidities. In nearly three-fourths of the cases (74%) only oral mucosal involvement was identified, while only nasal (2%), only genital (8%), and both oral and genital (16%) mucosal involvement were also observed. Overall, our data showed that the older male population is mainly prone to autoimmune bullous diseases (AIBDs) in Bangladesh. CBMJ 2025 January: Vol. 14 No. 01 P: 134-138
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Jahan, Akter, Netay Kumer Sharma, Shila Sen, and Kingkon Rani Bhowmik. "Assessment of Caesarean Section Outcomes for Preterm Pregnancies in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Bangladesh." Community Based Medical Journal 13, no. 2 (2024): 243–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cbmj.v13i2.75316.
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A cross-sectional, observational study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at Community Based Medical College, Bangladesh (CBMC,B), Mymensingh, Bangladesh, to evaluate the indications and feto-maternal outcomes of Caesarean section operation among preterm pregnant women. A total of 120 patients were enrolled between January and December of 2023. Data collection involved a structured questionnaire, file review, historical inquiry, and monitoring of mother and baby. Most individuals were aged 15-20 (37.50%) and had tertiary education (75.00%). Majority were from poor socio-economic backgrounds (76.67%) and rural areas (70%). Primigravida cases were predominant (65.00%), and multiparous accounted for 36.67%. Eclampsia (21.67%) and preeclampsia (20.83%) were common indications for cesarean section. Most procedures were emergency (93.33%). Maternal complications were low, with 64.17% having none. Most infants had low birth weight (62.50%) and experienced live births (91.67%), with a notable stillbirth rate (8.33%). Fetal complications included low birth weight (88.33%) and prematurity (20%). No complications were noted in 31.67% of cases. The study examined the complexities of Cesarean section (CS) for preterm births, highlighting maternal-fetal factors, varied indications, and outcomes, urging tailored interventions. CBMJ 2024 July: vol. 13 no. 02 P: 243-250
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Taylor, Pamela J., David Farrington, John Gunn, and Mary McMurran. "Change for CBMH." Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health 16, no. 1 (2006): 11–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbm.31.
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Varier, E. V. Deepasree, Gayathri Sobha, Angel Babychan, et al. "Impact of New Competency-Based Medical Curriculum on the Educational Environment of Medical Students in a Medical College in Central Kerala." HAP Journal of Public Health and Clinical Medicine 1, no. 1 (2023): 57–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/jpm.221127600.
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Background: Competency-based medical education (CBME) for graduate medical students was introduced by National Medical Commission from the 2019 batch. This paper seeks to estimate the impact of CBME on the educational environment of medical students and to compare the university examination outcomes after the introduction of CBME with the antecedent non-CBME batch. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among all the students (197) of the CBME and preceding non-CBME batch of a medical college in central Kerala. The educational environment was collected in the online platform with a standard questionnaire, Dundee Ready Education Environmental Measure (DREEM questionnaire) in 5 domains: perception of learning, perception of teachers, student’s academic self-perception (ASP), perceptions of atmosphere, and social self-perception (SSP). Results: The overall DREEM score was found to be significantly higher at 122.7 in the CBME batch compared to 112.8 in the non-CBME batch (P < .002). The individual mean domain scores of “perceptions of learning” was the highest at 30.39 ± 5.17 followed by “student’s perception of atmosphere” with a mean score of 29.53. Perception of learning, ASP, perception of atmosphere, and SSP were statistically significantly higher in CBME (2019) batch. The proportion of failures was significantly higher in the non-CBME batch, and among those with distinction, 3 out of 4 students were from CBME batch. The DREEM score was also significantly correlated with the university marks score. Conclusion: It appears that the CBME batch is performing better than the previous non-CBME batch and also has a better educational environment, though larger studies are necessary to further examine this phenomenon.
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Biswas, Soumik, Ananya Mandal, Suman Chattopadhyay, and Arijit Ghosh. "A study to assess students’ performance in theory and practical components of final summative pharmacology examination in Non-CBME and CBME curriculum." National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology 14, no. 4 (2023): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/njppp.2023.13.08385202319082023.
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Background: Competency-based medical education (CBME) has transformed the MBBS curriculum and aims to emphasize the five roles of an Indian medical graduates: clinician, leader, communicator, life-long learner, and professional. Accordingly, various changes have been made in the curriculum and assessment of Phase II students in pharmacology since 2019. The scores in the theory component have changed from 110 to 200, and those in the practical component have changed from 40 to 100. Aims and Objectives: To assess performance of students in the theory and practical components of the final summative pharmacology examination under the CBME curriculum (Batch 2019–20) with the earlier non-CBME curriculum (Batch 2018–19). Materials and Methods: A record-based observational study was conducted at a medical college in Kolkata. The percentage of marks obtained by students in theory and practical components in the CBME batch and in the non-CBME batch (inter-batch comparison) were compared by using an unpaired Student’s t-test. Further scores in theory and practical components were also compared for each batch (intra-batch comparison). Results: Average marks obtained by the students of the non-CBME batch (n = 250) and CBME batch (n = 242) in the theory exam were 64.36% ± 6.14 and 63.69% ± 6.77, and in the practical exam they were 71.51% ± 8.58 and 71.04% ± 6.54, respectively. There is no statistically significant difference in the theory and practical components between non-CBME and CBME batches. The performance in the practical examination compared to the theory examination was significantly better in both the non-CBME and CBME batches (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Major changes and modifications have been made in the curriculum due to the incorporation of CBME. Over the years, more data can be generated on students’ ability to adapt to the CBME curriculum and improve their learning.
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Guo, Chenxi, and Ping Lv. "Network position of independent director in cross-border mergers and acquisitions." International Journal of Emerging Markets 13, no. 1 (2018): 118–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijoem-01-2017-0027.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to consider the impact of network position of independent directors on the decision-making process of cross-border mergers and acquisitions (CBMAs). Design/methodology/approach With 912 CBMAs constructed by 431 Chinese-listed corporations from 2006 to 2015, the authors provide graph-theoretical methods to quantify directors’ networks and build logistics models of CBMA success and generalized linear model for transaction value. Findings The authors find that independent directors in central positions of board networks of CBMA significantly strengthen the possibility of success of CBMA and react more positively to large CBMA. The results reveal that state-owned enterprises reduce the importance of independent directors in central positions in assisting successful CBMA, but strengthen the importance in promoting large CBMA. Specifically, majority shareholders counteract the importance of independent directors in central positions in assisting successful CBMA, but improve the importance in promoting large CBMA. Originality/value The findings suggest that independent directors in central positions, which are embedded in sets of board relationships and interactions, lead to efficient external corporate governance as a mechanism to facilitate a Chinese-listed firm’s CBMA decision making.
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Abhishek, Goyal, and Verma Anjana. "Comparison of Mental Health Issues Due to Competency Based Medical Education (CBME) vs Traditional Curriculum among the Undergraduate Students of Rajasthan." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 16, no. 11 (2024): 567–72. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14251631.
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<strong>Introduction:</strong> Medical education in India is going through reforms and advancement for better outcomes and improved health care of community. This transition period is an arduous task for all the stakeholders and can impel mental health issues among medical students. <strong>Objective:</strong> To compare the level of depression, anxiety, and stress among medical students from Traditional curriculum and CBME. <strong>Material and Methods:</strong> In our study, a total of 700 students participated (449 were of CBME curriculum; 251 of traditional curriculum) in a medical college of Rajasthan. We used a self-administered questionnaire, the DASS 21 scale to assess anxiety, stress and depression among anxiety medical students. The statistical package for the social science (SPSS) version 21.0 of windows was used for data analysis. <strong>Results:</strong> Almost half of (Traditional<strong>: –</strong> 53.4%; CBME -52.8%) the participants suffered from some level of depression. However severe and extremely severe depressive symptoms were found to be significantly higher among CBME students (Traditional-7.2%,5.6%,CBME-13.4%,8.7% respectively). Similarly, the majority (Traditional -70.5%; CBME- 65.7%) suffered from some level of anxiety, but extremely severe anxiety was also significantly higher among CBME students <strong>(</strong>Traditional -15.9%; CBME – 27.8%). About 43.8% of traditional curriculum and 50.1% of CBME curriculum suffered from some level of stress. However, severe and extremely severe stress symptoms were significantly higher among CBME students (Traditional -8.8%,4%; CBME -13.6%,8%). <strong>Conclusion:</strong> About half of medical students were detected to have symptoms suggestive of depression, stress and the majority suffering from anxiety issues. Severe forms of depression, and stress symptoms were found to be higher in CBME students than traditional curriculum students and the difference was found to be significant ( p-value <0.05).
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Li, C., SX Li, ME Jenkins, SL Venance, CJ Watling, and A. Florendo-Cumbermack. "P.053 Insights from the first eighteen months of CBME implementation across Canadian neurology residency training programs." Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques 49, s1 (2022): S22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cjn.2022.154.
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Background: Canadian neurology residency programs recently transitioned to Competence Based Medical Education (CBME), designed to provide residents with stage-appropriate learning to develop and demonstrate competence. The successful implementation of CBME requires iterative evaluation as the adoption process may differ from the intended design due to systemic or program-specific factors. This study aims to (1) examine the variability in CBME implementation across Canadian neurology residency programs; (2) determine the barriers toward uptake of CBME; and (3) identify the benefits and pitfalls of CBME in neurology residency programs. Methods: A separate national survey was developed for residents and staff neurologists who participated in CBME for at least six months. Surveys were distributed through email, and responses were anonymized. Quantitative data were analyzed by response frequency and mean, where applicable. Free-form responses were analyzed qualitatively. Results: Staff neurologists felt prepared for CBME, but were divided on its fairness and impact on education quality. Residents experienced frequent but not necessarily timely or high-quality feedback. Barriers to implementation included increased paperwork, dissatisfaction with online platforms used to facilitate CBME, and bidirectional burden of initiating evaluations. Conclusions: Staff and residents have expressed unique perspectives on the first iteration of CBME. There remain opportunities for improvement in subsequent iterations.
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Chiang, Yun-Jung, and Jong-Young Jeffrey Yen. "Functional Characterization of CBAP in Controlling Bim-independent Hematopoietic Homeostasis (97.14)." Journal of Immunology 182, no. 1_Supplement (2009): 97.14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.182.supp.97.14.
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Abstract The lifespan of hematopoietic cells is involved in controlling inflammation and autoimmune response. CBAP (Common Beta chain Associating Protein) is a newly annotated membrane bound protein and is identified to associate with Box II domain, highly conserved among cytokine receptor superfamily, of common beta chain (βc) of GM-CSF/IL-3/IL-5 receptor. In GM-CSF withdrawal-induced cell death assay, CBAP is demonstrated to trigger apoptotic signal, which is involved in Bax/Bak activation, and could be blocked by overexpression of Bcl-2 protein. In order to characterize the biological role of CBAP in vivo, we created the CBAP-deficient mice in either wild-type (wt) or Bim-deficient genetic background. We find that CBAP deficient mice are viable and fertile. The targeted allele could be transmitted according Mendel's Law inside the family, suggesting there is no apparent reproductive defect. In addition, we find the alterations of haematopoietic homeostasis. CBAP-deficiency increased the numbers of T cells, B cells and dendritic cells in the peripheral lymphatic organs in both the wt- and Bim-/- background, suggesting CBAP plays a non-redundant role in regulating hematopoietic homeostasis. CBAP-deficient primary bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) are more resistant to GM-CSF withdrawal-induced cell death, suggesting the contribution of CBAP in the regulation of apoptosis. Taken together, these results suggest the potential role of CBAP in controlling death of hematopoietic cells as well as playing a redundant role of Bim-regulated cell death.
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Lohmeyer, Franziska, Matthew Commers, Emanuele Leoncini, et al. "Community-based Mental Healthcare: A Case Study in a Cross-border Region of Germany and the Netherlands." Das Gesundheitswesen 81, no. 03 (2018): e58-e63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0664-0579.
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Abstract Background Community-based mental healthcare (CBMH) aims at supplying psychiatric patients with rehabilitative care outside the hospital. The aim of this study was to compare the organization of CBMH in a cross-border region of Germany and the Netherlands. Method Semi-structured interviews gave insight into characteristics of CBMH approaches applied in the German region of Aachen (IHP) and the Dutch Province of Limburg (FACT). We applied a Delphi technique to select a performance indicator (PI) set for CBMH, which served as a conceptual model to allow comparison. Results Both approaches are flexible, patient-centred and include the evaluation of quality. Both provide financial and administrative support for the access. Conclusion CBMH approaches appear to be equally valid from several perspectives even if they revealed, at the same time, important differences related to scope, integration with non-CBMH care resources and geographic coverage. Secondarily, the study provides a contribution to the development of a PI set to compare and evaluate CBMH approaches.
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CAMACHO-VEGA, Diego-Oswaldo, and María Guadalupe DELGADILLO-RAMOS. "SELF-EFFICACY AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH COMPUTER-BASED MULTIMEDIA LEARNING IN ONLINE LEARNING IN PSYCHOLOGY STUDENTS." ANTHROPOLOGICAL RESEARCHES AND STUDIES 13, no. 1 (2023): 2–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.26758/13.1.1.
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Objectives. Based on the general hypothesis of a growing interest in using computer-based multimedia learning (CBML) in education, the objective of this study was to identify if students perceive CBML positively as an instructional tool in their online courses. A second objective was to determine if CBML is associated with self-efficacy in online courses. Finally, a third objective was to determine if higher levels of self-efficacy are associated with a positive perception of CBML. Material and methods. Based on a cross-sectional research design, n = 98 undergraduate students enrolled in the first year of Psychology in the Faculty of Medicine and Psychology were evaluated ending their academic year about their level of self-efficacy and the perception of multimedia after taking their online courses during the Covid-19 pandemic. Sociodemographic and what’s the preferred device used during their courses also were asked. Results. Results indicated a positive perception of CBML as an instructional tool. Also, results indicated a positive correlation between CBML and online self-efficacy. Finally, higher levels of self-efficacy were associated with a positive perception of CBML as an instructional tool. Conclusions. According to the results, CBML is a valuable resource in learning processes (particularly online), highlighting the importance of greater self-efficacy for a positive perception of using CBML. Keywords: computer-based multimedia learning, self-efficacy, online learning.
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Braund, Heather, Vivesh Patel, Nancy Dalgarno, and Steve Mann. "Exploring residents’ perceptions of competency-based medical education across Canada: A national survey study." MedEdPublish 14 (January 8, 2024): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/mep.19247.1.
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Background: As Competency-Based Medical Education (CBME) is implemented across Canada, little is known about residents’ perceptions of this model. This study examined how Canadian residents understand CBME and their lived experiences with implementation. Methods: We administered a survey in 2018 with Likert-type and open-ended questions to 375 residents across Canada, of whom 270 were from traditional programs (“pre-CBME”) and 105 were in a CBME program. We used the Mann-Whitney test to examine differences across samples, and analyzed qualitative data thematically. Results: Three themes were identified across both groups: program outcome concerns, changes, and emotional responses. In relation to program concerns, both groups were concerned about the administrative burden, challenges with the assessment process, and feedback quality. Only pre-CBME residents were concerned about faculty engagement and buy-in. In terms of changes, both groups discussed a more formalized assessment process with mixed reactions. Residents in the pre-CBME sample reported greater concerns for faculty time constraints, assessment completion, and quality of learning experiences, whilst those in CBME programs reported being more proactive in their learning and greater self-reflection. Residents expressed strong emotional narrative responses including greater stress and frustration in a CBME environment. Conclusion: Findings demonstrate that residents have mixed feelings and experiences regarding CBME. Their positive experiences align with the aim of developing more self-directed learners. However, the concerns suggest the need to address specific shortcomings to increase buy-in, while the emotional responses associated with CBME may require a cultural shift within residency programs to guard against burnout.
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Bressoud, David M. "A Vision for CBMS." Notices of the American Mathematical Society 64, no. 06 (2017): 590–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1090/noti1535.
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Chetouani, Aladine. "Report from CBMI 2023." ACM SIGMultimedia Records 15, no. 4 (2023): 1. https://doi.org/10.1145/3708907.3708909.
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The 20th International Conference on Content-based Multimedia Indexing (CBMI) was held exclusively as an in-person event in Orleans, France, on September 20-22, 2023. The conference was organized by the University of Orleans and received support from SIGMM. This edition marked a significant milestone as it was the first fully physical conference following the pandemic, providing a welcome opportunity for face-to-face interactions. The event drew a diverse and international audience, with participation from between 70 and 80 attendees representing 18 countries (12 Europeans, 4 Asians, 1 American and 1 African). Additionally, the conference included a European meeting (CHIST-ERA XAIface project) associated with the main event, which brought together approximately 15 individuals. Furthermore, several engineering students from the University of Orleans were invited to participate, allowing them to gain insights into cutting-edge multimedia research and exchange knowledge and ideas.
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Das, NikunjaKumar. "CBME a game changer." MRIMS Journal of Health Sciences 11, no. 2 (2023): 170. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/mjhs.mjhs_165_22.
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Bailer, Werner, Georg Thallinger, and Jenny Benois-Pineau. "Report from CBMI 2022." ACM SIGMultimedia Records 14, no. 3 (2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3630658.3630661.
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The 19th International Conference on Content-based Multimedia Indexing (CBMI) took place as a hybrid conference in Graz, Austria, from September 14--16, 2022, organized by JOANNEUM RESEARCH and supported by SIGMM. After the 2020 edition was postponed and held as a fully online conference in 2021, this was an important step back to a physical conference. Probably still as an effect of the COVID pandemic, the event was a bit smaller than in previous years, with around 50 participants from 18 countries (13 European countries, the rest from Asia and North America). About 60% were attending on-site, the other via web conference.
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Barua, Ripon, Md Abdul Wohab Khan, Md Mohibur Rahman, Nasim E. Tasnim, Md Abu Sayeed Talukder, and Kazi Ashraful Alam. "Teacher’s view on current practices of ‘community based medical education’ related activities in undergraduate medical education of Bangladesh, 2021." Bangladesh Journal of Medical Education 13, no. 2 (2022): 26–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjme.v13i2.60942.
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‘Community-based medical education’ (CBME) consists of learning activities in the community settings where students, teachers and community members are actively engaged in the learning process of medical education relevant to community health needs. This cross sectional study was aimed to explore the current practices of CBME related activities in undergraduate medical education of Bangladesh. Data were collected from 108 teachers of eight medical colleges of Bangladesh from January to December of 2021 using a pretested self-administered questionnaire and analyzed by SPSS version 16. In this study, 61.1% were female teachers. Most of the teachers (69.4%) were agreed that CBME related activities motivate students to serve at community settings. About 74% teachers revealed that CBME develop student’s positive attitude towards community people. Maximum (51.9%) teachers were satisfied for infrastructure of residential field site training (RFST) sites. The accommodation, transport and security of RFST sites were satisfied to 38%, 45.4% and 47.2% teachers respectively. About 31.6% teachers mentioned that poor set up of service place for CBME activities and 23.7% teachers revealed that less participation of community people as important constraints for CBME related activities. Conduction of CBME related activities as per curriculum objectives and motivation of local health authority were most important suggestions to overcome the constraints of CBME related activities mentioned by 12.6% and 11.3% teachers respectively. This study recommended to motivate the stakeholders, increase duration for RFST, and ensure necessary infrastructures, adequate transport, security, resource and supervision for effective CBME related activities. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Education Vol.13(2) July 2022: 26-34
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Tulshian, Priyanka, Linda Montgomery, KrisEmily McCrory, et al. "National Recommendations for Implementation of Competency-Based Medical Education in Family Medicine." Family Medicine 57, no. 4 (2025): 253–60. https://doi.org/10.22454/fammed.2025.866091.
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Background and Objectives: New family medicine residency program and graduate board certification requirements necessitate a transition within programs to competency-based medical education (CBME) to ensure that the discipline is training physicians to meet America’s health care needs. A task force formed by the Society of Teachers of Family Medicine (STFM) created recommendations for implementation of CBME. Methods: The STFM CBME Task Force reviewed papers written by CBME experts and, through group discussions and consensus, drafted recommendations. Feedback on drafts of the recommendations was provided by leaders of the American Academy of Family Physicians, American Board of Family Medicine, American College of Osteopathic Family Physicians, Association of Departments of Family Medicine, Association of Family Medicine Residency Directors, North American Primary Care Research Group, and STFM. Results: The STFM CBME Task Force created 12 recommendations to guide programs and one recommendation for the specialty of family medicine for implementation of CBME. Conclusions: The transformation of the educational framework in family medicine to competency-based is a significant change for programs, learners, faculty, and staff. Residencies and family medicine organizations can reference these national recommendations as they incorporate CBME principles to advance residency education.
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Sattar, Shamima. "Evaluation of Medication-Related Challenges in Hypertensive Patients: A Comprehensive Assessment at Community Based Medical College, Bangladesh (CBMC,B) Hospital." Community Based Medical Journal 14, no. 1 (2025): 128–33. https://doi.org/10.3329/cbmj.v14i1.79351.
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A cross-sectional, observational study was carried out at Community Based Medical College, Bangladesh (CBMC,B) Hospital, Mymensingh, Bangladesh, between January and September of 2023, to assess the proportion and nature of drug therapy problems, the regimen management of hypertension, and the associated risks among hypertensive patients. A total of 120 hypertensive patients willingly participated and responded to a structured questionnaire. Patient data include demographic characteristics, medications, clinical parameters, lifestyle factors, and drug therapy issues. The study included an equal distribution of males and females, with most patients aged 49-58 years (29.2%). Telmisartan (62.5%) and amlodipine (50.0%) were the most commonly prescribed medications. Among drug therapy problems (DTPs), need for monitoring (35%) and potential drug interactions (31.67%) were found most significant. Diabetes mellitus (37.50%) and chronic kidney disease (25.83%) were main comorbidities. Stress (50%) and unhealthy diet (49.17%) emerged as leading risk factors, while polypharmacy (55%) and comorbidities (53.33%) in patients emerged as main clinical challenges. This study suggests that medication review processes need to be well structured, resources required for improving the patients’ knowledge about hypertension and its treatments are necessary for healthcare organizations in the country and monitoring activities ought to be conducted from time to time to review the management of hypertension. CBMJ 2025 January: Vol. 14 No. 01 P: 128-133
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陳靜純, 陳靜純, 陳再晉 Ching-Chun Chen, 吳明順 吳明順 та 粟發滿 粟發滿. "輔導醫事職類建立核心能力及關鍵性專業能力指標之經驗". 醫療品質雜誌 19, № 1 (2025): 020–26. https://doi.org/10.53106/199457952025011901003.
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<p>能力導向醫學教育(competency-based medical education, CBME)在近半個世紀以來，被倡導為醫學教育的主流。為增進醫師以外之各職類醫事人員之學（公）會就各該職類的CBME、可信任專業活動(entrustable professional activities, EPAs)發展之共識，本團隊協同14個職類之學（公）會，擬定其專屬之核心、次核心能力及EPAs，並研訂CBME訓練之展開架構。透過專案小組會議，彙整14職類醫事人員學（公）會代表的建言，以及辦理PGY師資培訓課程的討論回饋，促成各醫事職類發展CBME之共識。惟，各訓練醫院可就學（公）會發展的EPA為基礎，調整修正為符合個別化需求的內容，並據以制定其臨床醫事人員訓練計畫。</p> <p>本文希望能為CBME課程的設計者，提供推動CBME訓練的策略規劃及相關經驗。期有助於持續推廣及深化CBME、EPAs的理念與應用，落實CBME理念之訓練模式，達成精進臨床醫事人員訓練之目標。</p> <p>&nbsp;</p><p>Competency-based medical education (CBME) has been promoted as the future of medical education for nearly half a century. To establish consensus regarding the development of CBME and entrustable professional activities (EPAs) among professional associations across healthcare disciplines, our team collaborated with 14 healthcare professional associations to propose core competencies, sub-core competencies, and EPAs and design a framework for implementing CBME training. Through task force meetings, feedback from healthcare association representatives, and discussions during PGY faculty training courses, a consensus was reached on CBME development across healthcare disciplines. Training hospitals can modify the EPAs provided by professional associations to meet their specific needs and develop clinical training programs for their trainees.</p> <p>This article offers strategic planning and relevant insights to facilitate the implementation of CBME curriculums. Strengthening the understanding and application of CBME and EPAs can ensure the effective integration of CBME principles into training models, enhancing educational options for clinical healthcare professionals.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p>
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Hong, Ju-Mi, Seul Ki Min, Kyung Hee Kim, et al. "Arctic lichen Cladonia borealis-induced cell death is mediated by p53-independent activation of Caspase-9 and PARP-1 signaling in human colorectal cancer cell lines." Journal of Microbiology 63, no. 4 (2025): e2412012. https://doi.org/10.71150/jm.2412012.
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The anti-cancer effects of Cladonia borealis (an Arctic lichen) methanol extract (CBME) on human colon carcinoma HCT116 cells were investigated for the first time. The proliferation of the HCT116 cells treated with CBME significantly decreased in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Flow cytometry results indicated that treatment with CBME resulted in significant apoptosis in the HCT116 cells. Furthermore, immunoblotting and qRT-PCR results revealed the expression of apoptosis-related marker genes and indicated a significant downregulation of the apoptosis regulator B-cell lymphoma expression and upregulation of the cleaved form of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase as DNA repair and apoptosis regulators and central tumor suppressor p53. Therefore, CBME significantly inhibited cell proliferation by inducing apoptosis via the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway in colon carcinoma cells. Collectively, these data suggested that CBME contained one or more compounds with anti-cancer effects and could be a potential therapeutic agent. Further studies are required to identify candidate compounds and understand the mechanism of action of CBME.
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Narusuye, Kenji, and Tatsumi Nagahama. "Cerebral CBm1 Neuron Contributes to Synaptic Modulation Appearing During Rejection of Seaweed in Aplysia kurodai." Journal of Neurophysiology 88, no. 5 (2002): 2778–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00757.2001.
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The Japanese species Aplysia kurodai feeds well on Ulva but rejects Gelidium with distinctive rhythmic patterned movements of the jaws and radula. We have previously shown that the patterned jaw movements during the rejection of Gelidium might be caused by long-lasting suppression of the monosynaptic transmission from the multiaction MA neurons to the jaw-closing (JC) motor neurons in the buccal ganglia and that the modulation might be directly produced by some cerebral neurons. In the present paper, we have identified a pair of catecholaminergic neurons (CBm1) in bilateral cerebral M clusters. The CBm1, probably equivalent to CBI-1 in A. californica, simultaneously produced monosynaptic excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) in the MA and JC neurons. Firing of the CBm1 reduced the size of the inhibitory postsynaptic currents (IPSCs) in the JC neuron, evoked by the MA spikes, for >100 s. Moreover, the application of dopamine mimicked the CBm1 modulatory effects and pretreatment with a D1 antagonist, SCH23390, blocked the modulatory effects induced by dopamine. It could also largely block the modulatory effects induced by the CBm1 firing. These results suggest that the CBm1 may directly modulate the synaptic transmission by releasing dopamine. Moreover, we explored the CBm1 spike activity induced by taste stimulation of the animal lips with seaweed extracts by the use of calcium imaging. The calcium-sensitive dye, Calcium Green-1, was iontophoretically loaded into a cell body of the CBm1 using a microelectrode. Application of either Ulva or Gelidium extract to the lips increased the fluorescence intensity, but the Gelidium extract always induced a larger change in fluorescence compared with the Ulva extract, although the solution used induced the maximum spike responses of the CBm1 for each of the seaweed extracts. When the firing frequency of the CBm1 activity after taste stimulation was estimated, the Gelidium extract induced a spike activity of ∼30 spikes/s while the Ulva extract induced an activity of ∼20 spikes/s, consistent with the effective firing frequency (>25 spikes/s) for the synaptic modulation. These results suggest that the CBm1 may be one of the cerebral neurons contributing to the modulation of the basic feeding circuits for rejection induced by the taste of seaweeds such as Gelidium.