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Wolfertstetter, Stefanie [Verfasser], and Jens [Akademischer Betreuer] Schlossmann. "Funktion von cCMP und cCMP-spezifischen Signalwegen / Stefanie Wolfertstetter. Betreuer: Jens Schlossmann." Regensburg : Universitätsbibliothek Regensburg, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1078774161/34.
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Szőcs, Juraj. "Bezpečnostní analýza bezdrátových sítí." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-218277.
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This master’s thesis deals with analysis of security in wireless networks. There are desc- ribed various methods of security systems, such as WEP, TKIP and CCMP. There is also realization of attacks against the wireless network and there is analysis of security weaknesses. Then there are discussed possible defense mechanisms. Part of this work was also analysis of local security in certain areas and evaluation of their security.
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Vojtíšek, Jindřich. "Analýza šifrovacích algoritmů ve standardu 802.11." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-220648.
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This work deals with wireless standard 802.11, primaly about security algorithms used in them. Further there is made analysis of algorithms WEP, WPA and WPA2. This algorithms are described how coding by them works and for easier understandig are added block schemes of their principles. In practical part is realized algorithms WEP, WPA and WPA2 in program Matlab simulink. Model is complemented by graphs which shows how data changes when comming throught this systems.
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Ding, Shujing. "The application of mass spectrometry to Ginkgo biloba analysis and identification of phosphorylated proteins in response to elevated level of cCMP." Thesis, Swansea University, 2006. https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa42438.
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Mass spectrometry is widely used nowadays especially in the fields of pharmaceutical and proteomics research. Ginkgo biloba is one of the top selling phytophamiaceuticals in the US and Europe. The two major active components of Ginkgo leaf extract are the flavonoids and terpene lactones. Identification, determination, as well as the physiological effects of these two sets of compounds have been of increasing interest over the last 20 years. In this thesis, systematic qualitative and quantitative studies of the flavonoids and terpene lactones in Ginkgo biloba by liquid chromatography / mass spectrometry have been undertaken. Also in this thesis, mass spectrometric methodology was developed and applied to the identification of the proteins specifically phosphorylated in response to cCMP. Structural information of Ginkgo biloba flavonoids and terpene lactones, the fragment of compounds were obtained on both a LCQ ion trap and Q-TOF mass spectrometer. The tentative fragment pathways were proposed and used for structural elucidation of some unknown components in Ginkgo biloba commercial products. Capillary column separation of Ginkgo biloba commercial product was evaluated and fingerprint profiles of five Ginkgo biloba commercial products were compared. A reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionisation (RP-HPLC/ESI) mass spectrometry method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of ten major active components in Ginkgo biloba extract (bilobalide, ginkgolides A, B, C, quercetin, kaempferol, isorhamnetin, rutin hydrate, quercetin-3-beta-D-glucoside and quercitrin hydrate). The quantitative determination of flavonoids and terpene lactones by LC/MS in human urine after consumption of Ginkgo biloba product was developed. The online solid-phase extraction and capillary column with column-switch technique require minimum sample pre-treatment and both flavonoids and terpene lactones can be detected simultaneously. The mass accuracy at high molecular weight by matrix-assisted laser desoiption/ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry was investigated to resolve a question on mass accuracy which had been observed to be relatively low for high mss proteins. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) was employed as a model compound and strategies to improve mass measurement at high mass were examined. LC/MS was applied in part of the cyclic nucleotide project in the School of Biological Science. Since cAMP and cGMP are recognized second messengers and play important roles in signal transduction, to elucidate the function of cCMP in signal transduction, efforts were made to identify the cCMP-responsive protein kinase substrates. Methodology of specific enrichment of phosphopeptides using immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC) was developed, phosphorylated proteins responding specifically to cCMP were proposed, and this supports the relationship of cCMP with cell hyperproliferation.
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McCarter, Harold Lars. "Analyzing Wireless LAN Security Overhead." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/31789.
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Wireless local area networks (WLAN) are beginning to play a much larger role in corporate network environments and are already very popular for home networking applications. This increase in accessibility has created large security holes for hackers and thieves to abuse, which is finally being addressed by stronger security methods such as advanced encryption algorithms and efficient authentication processes. However, these security methods often hamper network performance unbeknownst to engineers and users.
This research examines the effects of Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP), Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP), and Counter Mode/CBC-MAC Protocol (CCMP) encryption algorithms on throughput rates for IEEE 802.11 networks as well as the authentication times for Lightweight Extensible Authentication Protocol (LEAP) and Protected Extensible Authentication Protocol (PEAP). The research shows that todayâ s wireless hardware is capable of reducing overhead of even the most advanced encryption schemes to less than five percent of the total bandwidth.Master of Science
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Koenig, Theresa [Verfasser], and Roland [Akademischer Betreuer] Seifert. "Charakterisierung von Calnexin, Myomegalin und AKAP9 als potentielle Bindungspartner der zyklischen Nukleotide cCMP und cUMP / Theresa Koenig ; Akademischer Betreuer: Roland Seifert ; Institut für Pharmakologie." Hannover : Bibliothek der Medizinischen Hochschule Hannover, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1212871723/34.
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Škodák, Jaroslav. "Zabezpečení bezdrátových sítí IEEE 802.11." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-217503.
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This work describes available and used standards, protocols and mechanisms used to secure IEEE 802.11 wireless networks. In the next section are listed vulnerabilities and possible attacks against different types of security. The principles of individual attacks on authentication, WEP security and WPA/WPA2 personal mode are described and realized using various software especially linux program aircrack-ng. Password for WEP security is obtained by passive eavesdropping data, using ARP replay injection and by creating own frames. The last two methods are used to generate traffic on the network, which is captured and then used to derive the WEP password. By injecting ARP frames, password was found in the number 60 000 captured frames and about 180 000 frames of data was needed for passive method. Decryption of WEP frame was done by fragment and KoreK chopchop attacks. This decrypted frame could be used to create fake frames and obtain WEP password. Brute force attack is realized for security WPA (WPA2) personal mode (often due to lack of strong password) by comparing password (passphrase) from password list. Speed of comparing is about 200 passwords/s.
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Shevket, Shevket Halil. "NMR studies on holo-CcmE and in vivo mutagenesis studies on the interaction between CcmC and CcmE." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:e2371780-40b8-4e90-85d8-30448c98ef50.
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At least five different systems are responsible for the maturation of c-type cytochromes. System I, present in the mitochondria of photosynthetic organisms and most Gram-negative bacteria, is the most complex cytochrome c biogenesis system discovered. In the model organism Escherichia coli, more than 10 gene products work together to attach heme to the highly conserved CXXCH motif of the apo-cytochrome polypeptide. This system consists of proteins that chaperone the heme and the apo-cytochrome, and they ensure the correct assembly of the holo-cytochrome. In this thesis, CcmC and CcmE, two key players in the heme delivery part of System I prior to covalent attachment, have been investigated. Particular emphasis has been given to CcmE, an unusual heme chaperone that binds its heme via a covalent yet transient bond using its H130 residue. Bioinformatics techniques have been used to identify potential key residues on CcmC and CcmE, especially residues with high conservation and/or covariance between the two proteins. Site-directed mutagenesis studies and in vivo experiments were used to demonstrate that three pairs of conserved polar amino acids sharing a common orientation on CcmC and CcmE are crucial for the assembly of the CcmC:heme:CcmE complex, an essential intermediate for holo-CcmE formation. Single and multiple variants of these polar amino acid pairs demonstrated that these residues drive the interaction between CcmC and CcmE. Covariance analysis identified two highly co-varying residues on CcmC and CcmE. It was demonstrated that these residues play an important role in fine-tuning the positioning of CcmE in its complex with heme-bound CcmC, and their relative size is crucial for their role. Any perturbations decreasing the size of these residues led to incomplete processing of holo-CcmE, and abolishment of cytochrome c maturation. Holo-CcmE was reconstituted in vitro, and this protein was studied using 2D 1H- 15N HSQC. These studies provided residue-specific-level details on how the heme moiety interacts with the polypeptide in the covalently formed holo-CcmE. Contradictory to previous predictions, it was demonstrated that the heme moiety is not in close proximity to the core β-barrel fold of the protein. Rather, it was shown that heme interacts directly with the C-terminus. 2D 1H- 1H TOCSY studies were used to show that no tyrosine or phenylalanine ligands exist to the heme in holo-CcmE formed in vitro, suggesting that the protein most likely does not pack around the heme. These findings are consistent with the chaperone role of the protein, as the interaction of heme with the C-terminus enables its swift sequential transfer to the apo-cytochrome through CcmF. Heme titrations probed via 2D 1H- 15N HSQC were carried out on the H130A variant of CcmE, which cannot bind heme covalently. These studies provided clear insight into the non-covalent interactions between CcmE and heme, and the putative heme pocket of the CcmE protein. It was demonstrated that no heme pocket exists on apo-CcmE, and any non-covalent interactions between CcmE and heme are located around the C-terminus, specifically around R148 and R149. 1H- 1H 2D TOCSY identified Y154 as a potential ligand of the non-covalently bound heme. It was demonstrated that the highly conserved Y134 residue acts during initial non-covalent interactions with heme, and then may ligand switch to the Y154 residue.
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Jenssen, Sönke Elisabeth [Verfasser], Ute [Akademischer Betreuer] Felbor, Ute [Gutachter] Felbor, and Christian [Gutachter] Hübner. "Zerebrale Kavernomatose - Identifizierung tief-intronischer Varianten in den genomischen Regionen von CCM1, CCM2 und CCM3 mittels Hochdurchsatzsequenzierung / Sönke Elisabeth Jenssen ; Gutachter: Ute Felbor, Christian Hübner ; Betreuer: Ute Felbor." Greifswald : Universität Greifswald, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1202111211/34.
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Jenssen, Sönke Elisabeth [Verfasser], Ute Akademischer Betreuer] Felbor, Ute [Gutachter] Felbor, and Christian [Gutachter] [Hübner. "Zerebrale Kavernomatose - Identifizierung tief-intronischer Varianten in den genomischen Regionen von CCM1, CCM2 und CCM3 mittels Hochdurchsatzsequenzierung / Sönke Elisabeth Jenssen ; Gutachter: Ute Felbor, Christian Hübner ; Betreuer: Ute Felbor." Greifswald : Universität Greifswald, 2019. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:9-opus-34222.
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Glöckner, Alexander. "Wireless-LAN im Studentennetzwerk (CSN)." Master's thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2006. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:swb:ch1-200600409.
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Drößler, Katharina [Verfasser], T. [Akademischer Betreuer] Hollemann, U. [Akademischer Betreuer] Lendeckel, and P. [Akademischer Betreuer] Bohley. "Untersuchungen zur Substrat- und Spaltspezifität einer insulinspaltenden Membranprotease (ICMP, Imelysin) von Pseudomonas aeruginosa und einer caseinspaltenden Membranprotease (CCMP, Camelysin) von Bacillus cereus / Katharina Drößler. Betreuer: T. Hollemann ; U. Lendeckel ; P. Bohley." Halle, Saale : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1025135733/34.
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Jelínek, Martin. "Bezpečnost bezdrátových počítačových sítí." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-218257.
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The master's thesis deals with the issue of Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) from the viewpoint of the security and functional principle of security mechanisms. The transition to the issue concerning the security is accompanied by the methods of wireless data transmission operating on the level of physical layer (FHSS, DSSS, OFDM, MIMO), which is followed by the summary of individual 802.11 standards. The next part deals with the issue of shared transmission medium (CSMA/CA), influence of interference and correcting mechanisms (RTS/CTS). Within the security, the principles of the authentication along with the commonly used methods of security (WEP, WPA, WPA2) are described in detail. The first part concerning security deals with the security in the form of the WEP protocol, which is considered insufficient nowadays and points out the imperfect implementation and the consequent risks. The following part describes the security in the form of WPA which eliminates the implementation weaknesses of the previous WEP security protocol. The description of commonly used mechanisms of authentication (PSK, 802.1x), required temporary key management (PTK, GTK), data integrity (MIC) and encryption which uses TKIP protocol are also included. The last part, possible WLAN security, is aimed at the full support of 802.11i standard, which is called WPA2 (sometimes RSN). That part describes the basic encryption security element CCMP, which is based on the AES block cipher modes. The practical part of the thesis deals with the security verification of current wireless networks. In the process of verification the accessible HW means and programming tools of Open Source Software (OSS) are used. By means of verification it has been pointed out that there are possible security risks resulting from the security method which has been used. Also several recommendations how to reduce the security risks of the used method to minimum are mentioned.
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Rosen, Jonathan Novick. "The function of the Heg-CCM pathway in zebrafish heart development." Thesis, Harvard University, 2013. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:10744.
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The Heart of glass-Cerebral Cavernous Malformation (Heg-CCM) pathway is essential for heart development in zebrafish and mouse. In zebrafish, mutants for the Heg-CCM genes ccm1, ccm2, and heg exhibit an extreme dilation of the heart chambers and inflow tract and completely lack blood circulation. The mechanisms by which this pathway regulates heart development are incompletely understood. Two major impediments to our knowledge are the paucity of genes known to participate in the Heg-CCM pathway and a lack of information about how the Heg-CCM pathway interacts with other signaling pathways in live embryos.
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Guille, des Buttes Alexis Berthier Frédéric. "Evaluation de la gravité des patients pris en charge en SMUR comparaison de deux classifications : la CCMS et la CCMU modifiée /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2004. http://theses.univ-nantes.fr/thesemed/MEDguille.pdf.
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Sedlák, Břetislav. "Zabezpečení bezdrátových sítí." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-218192.
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Master thesis focuses on wireless network security. The thesis is divided in two parts. First part describes today’s used standards and their components, topology and security methods as stealth SSID, MAC addresses filtration, WEP, WPA and WPA2. The last three methods are described in detail. In second part there are realized attacks on above described methods of security. There are described attacks on WEP as KoreK chopchop attack, fragment attack, attack FMS, KoreK and attack PTW. Then is described the dictionary attack on passphrase by WPA/WPA2 with PreShared Key authentication obtaining, precomputed hash tables for faster passphrase finding and for using more core procesors during dictionary browsing. The last attack describes obtaining of keystream used for encrypting of frames by WPATKIP and then sending custom data to client. It is described how to carry out each attack and how to protect against them.
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Boylan, Arianne J. "CCM2 molecular signaling pathway." [New Haven, Conn. : s.n.], 2007. http://ymtdl.med.yale.edu/theses/available/etd-08062007-135532/.
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Maluleke, Nkhensani Millicent. "Review of CCMA arbitration awards." Thesis, University of Limpopo (Turfloop Campus), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/523.
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Morin, Alan. "Nanopores artificiels pour la bio-analyse et la nanomédecine." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLE012/document.
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Les nanopores sont des ouvertures de taille nanométrique sur une membrane étanche isolante qui permettent de réaliser le suivi des objets qui les traversent. Il existe dans la nature des nanopores facilement reproductible en laboratoire comme l'alpha-hémolysine mais qui présente l'inconvénient d'avoir une durée de vie limitée ainsi qu'une fragilité importante (difficulté à les utiliser dans des dispositifs nomades). En s'intéressant aux nanopores solides nous cherchons à étudier une alternative plus stable dans le temps et donnant des résultats d'une plus grande reproductibilité. Les nanopores que nous utilisons sont obtenus par perçage par FIB (Focused Ion Beam) au LPN sur divers supports. Les membranes de silicium commerciales ont une épaisseur typique comprise entre 10 et 300 nm et servent à l'origine comme support d'observation de composé en microscopie électronique à transmission. Leur usage en est détourné ici afin de percer des nanopores uniques au sein d'une fenêtre de 100 x 100 μm en moyenne. Les nanopores peuvent alors être mesuré par TEM ou MEB afin d'estimer la taille du pore lors de la fabrication afin de calibrer les doses nécessaires au perçage des poresNanopores are nanometric holes on insulating membranes that allow the tracking of objects going through. Natural nanopores exist and are easily reproducible in laboratory conditions (alpha-hemolysine) but they are not compatible with a mobile device due to their fragility and to their reduced lifetime. Investigating solid-state nanopores allows us to approach a more stable alternative with a higher degree of reproductibility. Our nanopores are obtained by FIB drilling at LPN on various supporting membranes. The aim of this thesis is to investigate the use of SiN as a membrane to detect viruses
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Van, Graan Daniël Jacobus. "The grounds for review of CCMA awards." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/46012.
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The grounds for review of arbitration awards are stipulated in section 145 of the Labour Relations Act No 66 of 1995 (hereinafter the “LRA”). However, the Commission for Conciliation, Mediation and Arbitration (hereinafter the “CCMA”) is an organ of state and therefore bound by the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa No 108 of 1996 (hereinafter the “1996 Constitution”). Therefore, the issuing of an arbitration award is bound by section 33 of the 1996 Constitution which requires that administrative should be lawful, reasonable and procedurally fair. It is for this reason that the Constitutional Court (hereinafter the “CC”) in Sidumo & another v Rustenburg Platinum Mines Ltd [2007] 12 BLLR 1097 (CC) held that section 145 of the LRA is suffused by the constitutional standard of “reasonableness”. The CC in Sidumo subsequently confirmed that the standard of review is whether the decision reached by the CCMA commissioner is one that a reasonable decision-maker could not reach.
This dissertation seeks to determine how this standard as laid down in Sidumo influenced the courts’ interpretation of the grounds for review and whether there is certainty by the courts on the interpretation of this test.Mini Dissertation (LLM)--University of Pretoria, 2014.
tm2015
Mercantile Law
LLM
Unrestricted
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Barahona, Padilla Salomon. "Rehabilitación del patrimonio arquitectónico con viviendas colectivas en CCSP." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2011. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/115833.
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Kruger, Werner Paul. "Legal representation at disciplinary hearings and before the CCMA." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/26662.
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Herout, Jan. "Tvorba softwarové podpory metody CCPM v prostředí MS Project." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-19066.
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Project management, to which the thesis "Development of software support for CCPM method in MS Project" aims, is a very important part of everyday life for most present companies. The project management has gone through rapid development, through the second half of last century, during which many new techniques and methods, for planning and managing projects, were developed. One of these methods was critical chain project management method (CCPM), developed by E. M. Goldratt in the mid 80th of last century. At the end of the 20th century the market began to be flooded by software applications which supported project management, thanks to the boom of information and communication technologies. Because the CCPM method is still too young, there is only a very little amount of products aimed at this method. Author of the thesis took as its main objective the development of a software application that would serve to support the project management by CCPM method, and will work as an extension to an existing, widely used product, MS Project. To achieve this objective, few secondary objectives have to be met. The first is to characterize methods for project management with a focus on the critical chain project management method, including the description of the advantages and disadvantages of this method. These objectives will be achieved with the help of literature search, supplemented by knowledge gained by studying the issue at the college. Another secondary objective is to find, analyze and compare existing software used for project management support with CCPM method. For the primary analysis the author mainly uses information supplied by developers of these products, for the deeper analysis is used a model project that examines the behavior of the application in standard situations. For product comparison is made a group of criteria, which can also serve for potential readers as the basis for decision of the choice of suitable application for their needs. The main objective of the work, the development of the application, is based on the requirements set on the basis of information obtained from literature and on the results from testing of existing applications. This application is considered to be the greatest benefit of the thesis. In the end of the thesis the newly developed application is compared with existing products, by testing on a model project and by evaluating with a group of criteria established for evaluation of existing products.
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Pieniažek, Ireneusz. "Analýza možností implementace VoIP v rozlehlé síti Třineckých železáren a.s." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-218330.
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This diploma thesis is focused on the implementation of the technology VoIP in the remote branch offices of a big company. There are used the current WAN lines, which have been so far used only for transfer of data. Implementation of IP telephony is extending the utilization of those lines and at the same time the costs for running of the telephone services are reduced. There are described the models for proposal and also the proposal for solution of IP telephony for a specific company.
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Barron, Olivia. "Catalyst Coated Membranes (CCMs) for polymerelectrolyte Membrane (PEM) fuel cells." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2010. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_4757_1307336145.
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The main objective of this work it to produce membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) that have improved performance over MEAs produced by the conventional manner, by producing highly efficient, electroactive, uniform catalyst layers with lower quantities of platinum electrocatalyst. The catalyst coated membrane (CCM) method was used to prepare the MEAs for the PEM fuel cell as it has been reported that this method of MEA fabrication can improve the performance of PEM fuel cells. The MEAs performances were evaluated using polarisation studies on a single cell. A comparison of polarisation curves between CCM MEAs and MEAs produced in the conventional manner illustrated that CCM MEAs have improved performance at high current densities (>
800 mA/cm2).
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Brausemann, Anton [Verfasser], and Oliver [Akademischer Betreuer] Einsle. "Crystal structure of CcmF : : the cytochrome c maturation heme lyase." Freiburg : Universität, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1172203121/34.
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Dimitriou, Athanasios. "Joint user and symbol synchronisation for the CV-CCMA system." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.298674.
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McEwan, Kayleigh A. "Branching out with CCTP : the synthesis of branched functional polymers." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2012. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/56271/.
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Initially the aims of this thesis were to settle conflicting literature that arose based on the consistency of results obtained from the synthesis of branched polymers, using divinyl monomer ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA), by catalytic chain transfer polymerisation (CCTP). By polymerisation of EGDMA using a range of catalyst concentrations, and introduction of comonomers, a range of branched polymers were obtained, all of which retained high levels of vinyl functionality in the resulting products. With the increasing popularity of click chemistry, the natural progression of this work lent towards the functionalisation of these branched vinyl containing polymers by thiol- Michael addition, using a range of commercial thiols, in the creation of branched highly functional polymers, which display enhanced solution properties compared to their linear counterparts, from a small commercial monomer set. The desire to synthesise highly functional polymers led to investigation of epoxide containing monomer, glycidyl methacrylate (GMA), which has proven to be versatile to a range of functionalities. The synthesis of linear GMA homopolymers via CCTP resulted in polymers with the potential for dual functionalisation, at both epoxide and ω- unsaturated groups; to which, thiol-Michael addition and self-catalysed epoxide ringopening with amines was investigated in the synthesis of a range of functional polymers, from a single polymer precursor. Finally the copolymerisation of EGDMA and GMA via CCTP was investigated in the synthesis of branched functional polymers, whereby the level of vinyl groups retained and epoxide functionality can be tuned through monomer ratios. Site selective functionalisation of the high level of epoxide and vinyl groups was conducted using both thiol-Michael addition and self-catalysed ring-opening of epoxides with functional amines. By site selective functionalisation with both hydrophobic and hydrophilic groups, amphiphilic branched copolymers are obtained, with the potential for the synthesis of branched polymers capable of self-assembly.
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Palomino, Vásquez Marco Antonio Ibsen. "Agile practices adoption in CCM1 organizations : a systematic literature review." Master's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2016. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/8545.
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In the recent years, the adoption of agile
frameworks and methodologies in Software Development
Organizations (SDO) has grown up considerably. Unfortunately,
there are scenarios where agile practices can’t cover alone all the
needs; for instance, software projects with a large level of
required formal documentation or large, complex software
projects; similarly, this kind of situations happen frequently in a
context of CMMI organizations. The aim of this study is to
identify and analyze the most used agile practices that are used in
combination with CMMI within SDO. To accomplish this, a
systematic literature review has been performed according to
relevant guidelines. This study has identified practices related
Daily Meeting and Product Backlog management from Scrum
framework as most common agile practices used in combination
with CMMI. In addition, we could identify that there are specific
benefits of implementing practices from both approaches.Trabajo de investigación
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Laberge, Le Couteulx Sophie. "Identification du gene ccm1 implique dans les cavernomatoses cerebrales familiales." Paris 6, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA066134.
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Les cavernomes cerebraux sont des malformations vasculaires du systeme nerveux central. Leur prevalence est estimee a 0. 1% ; environ 20% des cas correspondent a une maladie hereditaire a transmission autosomique dominante. En 1995, une equipe americaine avait localise un premier gene (ccm1) en 7q21. La strategie que nous avons choisie pour avancer dans la comprehension des mecanismes physiopathologiques de cette affection a ete d'identifier ce premier gene par clonage positionnel. Une analyse de liaison genetique conduite sur 36 familles nous a permis de confirmer l'heterogeneite genetique de cette affection et d'estimer la proportion de familles francaises liees a ce locus a environ 65%. La cartographie genetique haute-resolution nous a permis une reduction modeste de l'intervalle. Une approche bio-informatique s'appuyant sur les donnees d'un contig de chromosomes artificiels de levures nous a permis de reconstituer 80% de la sequence de l'intervalle. En utilisant des methodes bioinformatiques et moleculaires, nous avons etabli une carte transcriptionnelle de la region ccm1 et identifie un total de 53 transcrits potentiels incluant 8 genes connus chez l'homme ou dans une autre espece. Le criblage de 5 de ces genes nous a permis d'identifier ccm1 comme etant le gene codant pour la proteine krit1. Toutes les mutations identifiees resultaient en une proteine putative tronquee de sa partie c-terminale, region d'interaction avec la proteine rap1a. La nature des mutations observees dans les familles pouvait evoquer soit un mecanisme de perte de fonction, soit un effet dominant-negatif. Il est maintenant necessaire de preciser le profil d'expression tissulaire de cette proteine krit1 dans les tissus normaux et pathologiques, sa localisation sub-cellulaire et de mettre au point un modele in vitro ainsi qu'un modele animal pour comprendre les effets des mutations decrites et mieux apprehender les mecanismes physiopathologiques de cette affection.
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Rovaris, Márcia Juliane Patrícia Hertel. "Recém-nascido submetido ao cateter central de inserção periférica (CCIP)." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 2012. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/94296.
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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem, Florianópolis, 2010Made available in DSpace on 2012-10-25T08:25:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 281254.pdf: 1150198 bytes, checksum: 70783f0583776e27e437b6be8ed2eb4b (MD5)
Trata-se de Pesquisa Convergente-Assistencial desenvolvida no cenário neonatal, em uma maternidade pública no sul do Brasil. Teve como objetivos compreender a experiência da família dos recém-nascidos submetidos ao Cateter Central de Inserção Periférica (CCIP) e identificar a maneira como a enfermeira auxilia a família, contribuindo para o bem-estar e o estar melhor, durante o processo de implantação do CCIP. O referencial que sustentou o estudo foi a Teoria Humanística de Paterson e Zderad. Os participantes foram cinco famílias de recémnascidos submetidos ao CCIP. A coleta de dados foi realizada de fevereiro a junho de 2009, através do diálogo vivido com as famílias e seus recém-nascidos, durante a operacionalização da Enfermagem Fenomenológica, que englobou as etapas pré, trans e pós-inserção do cateter. As informações obtidas foram analisadas através de sínteses e comparações. Desta análise emergiram três unidades de significado relacionadas com o primeiro objetivo, quais sejam: 1) É preciso (sobre)viver para ser mais e estar-melhor: o ser família diante da necessidade de instalação do CCIP; 2) É preciso estar por perto, seja do jeito que for; e 3) Participar dos cuidados contribui para atribuir significado à experiência, e três unidades de significado relacionadas ao segundo objetivo, ou seja: 1) A enfermeira na pré-inserção do CCIP; 2) A enfermeira na trans-inserção do CCIP; 3) A enfermeira na pósinserção do CCIP. A experiência da família envolve um gradiente que inicia com sentimentos de perplexidade e tristeza diante da necessidade de submissão do recém-nascido a um procedimento que é considerado invasivo e de alta complexidade. Após, a família experimenta sentimentos que revelam conformidade com a situação e utilizam-se da espiritualidade como instrumento de superação dos medos e angústias. Quando se aproxima o momento da primeira inserção, reagem com surpresa e inquietude diante do convite para participação direta no procedimento. No momento da trans-inserção, decidem que é preciso estar por perto do recém-nascido, seja do jeito que for, pois entendem a própria presença como um ato de cuidado. Durante a manutenção do cateter, interessam-se pelos cuidados e, progressivamente, acabam incorporando sentimentos de segurança e controle, apesar das complicações a que a criança está sujeita. A possibilidade de escolher as formas de participação no cuidado ao recém-nascido faz com que a família se sinta fortalecida para ultrapassar o período difícil e encontrar significados positivos na experiência. A enfermeira neonatal auxilia a família a ser-mais e estar-melhor durante todo o processo, desenvolvendo o diálogo vivido como uma poderosa ferramenta que a habilita a perceber a família por inteiro, a estar-com-a-família-semmáscaras, a mostrar-se disponível e interessada nos movimentos de chamar/responder, a aprender a singularizar cuidados, bem como a envolver a família no cuidado, desde a pré-inserção, até a etapa de pósinserção do cateter. Conclui-se que tanto a família quanto a enfermeira saem fortalecidas do processo, fazendo com que a experiência de ambos seja potencializada em direção ao estar melhor. Além de concretizar o direito das famílias e viabilizar, na prática, a inclusão social, a Enfermagem Fenomenológica ajuda famílias e enfermeira a encontrarem significados na experiência.
This is Convergent-Care Research developed in the neonatal unit of a public maternity hospital in the south of Brazil. The objective is to understand the experience of the families of the newborns that undergo Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter (PICC) placement and indentify the nurse#s role in assisting the family, contributing to their well-being and improving their well-being during the process of PICC placement. The framework that supported the study was the Humanistic Theory of Paterson and Zderad. The participants were five families of newborns subject to PICC placement. Data was collected from February 2009 until June 2009, through live dialogue with the families and their newborns during Phenomenological Nursing operationalization, which included the pre, during and post-insertion stages of catheter placement. The information obtained was analysed in synthesis and comparations from the data. Of this analysis three important factors emerged in relation to the first objective, which are: 1) It is necessary to (survive) live to be more and be better: the family #being# facing the necessity of PICC placement; 2) It is necessary to be close by, in whatever way; and 3) Participating in care helps to give meaning to the experience. And three important factors related to the second objective, that is: 1) The nurse in the pre-placement of the PICC; 2) The nurse in the trans-placement of the PICC; 3) The nurse post-placement of the PICC. The family#s experience involves a gradient, which starts with feelings of confusion and sadness when faced with the fact that the newborn needs to undergo a procedure considered to be highly-complex and invasive. Later, the family experiences feelings of acceptance of the situation and uses spirituality as a means of overcoming their fears and anguish. When the moment of the initial placements draws near, they react with surprise and concern to the invitation to directly participate in the procedure. And at the trans-insertion moment, they decide that it is necessary to be close to the newborn, in whatever way possible, since they understand that their simple presence is a form of care. During maintenance of the catheter, they become interested in the care needs and progressively begin to incorporate feelings of security and control, in spite of the complications that the child may be subject to. The possibility of choosing their form of participation in the care of the newborn makes the family feel strong enough to get through this difficult period and find positive meaning in the experience. The neonatal nurse helps the family to be more and be better during the whole process, developing live dialogue as a powerful tool to enable perception of the family as a whole, to be with the family without masks, to show availability and interest when called/answering, to learn to individualize care, as well as to involve the family in the care from the pre-insertion to the postinsertion stage. In conclusion, not only the family, but also the nurse comes out of the process stronger, making the experience of both driven towards a better state of well-being. In addition to concreting the rights of the family and enabling, in practice, social inclusion, Phenomenological Nursing helps families and nurses to find meaning in the experience.
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Nardi, Alexandre Ricardo. "Componentes CORBA." Universidade de São Paulo, 2003. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/45/45134/tde-19082009-133853/.
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Esta dissertação apresenta o Modelo de Componentes CORBA, que é parte da especificação CORBA 3.0. Esse modelo representa uma das mudanças mais significativas em relação às versões anteriores de CORBA. O desenvolvimento de sistemas distribuídos é uma tarefa complexa, envolvendo fatores como a organização de conjuntos de objetos que devem ser implantados e executados em servidores distintos. Aqui estes conjuntos são denominados componentes, conceito já existente em outras especificações, como a dos Enterprise Java Beans. O texto da especificação dos Componentes CORBA, apesar de conter exemplos, mostra-se de difícil compreensão para o desenvolvedor de sistemas. Este trabalho se propõe a facilitar a tarefa de entendimento e utilização de Componentes CORBA, procurando ser didático e ilustrativo o suficiente para que diferentes perfis de leitores possam compreender os diversos conceitos apresentados, seja como uma visão geral, ou ainda como auxílio no desenvolvimento de componentes.This thesis presents the CORBA Component Model, which is part of the CORBA 3.0 specification. The model is one of the most significant additions with respect to previous versions of CORBA. The development of distributed systems is a complex task, involving factors such as the organization of sets of objects that must be deployed and executed in separate servers. Here, these sets are called components, a concept that already exists in other specifications, such as Enterprise Java Beans. Even though it contains examples, the CORBA Components specification text is not an easy reading for systems developers. Our text intends to facilitate the task of understanding and using CORBA Components, trying to be didactic and illustrative enough so that different profiles of readers are able to understand the many concepts presented, either as an overview, or still as an aid in components development.
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Siler, Nathan John. "A History of the CCM Brass Choir." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1354550757.
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Mimra, Jonáš. "Cílená marketingová komunikace v rámci CCM software." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-201764.
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In my dissertation, I try to clarify the personalization of content based on the input data. Thesis deals with relatively new area of direct marketing in personalised documents delivered to end-beneficiaries through various channels, which features a classic print and e-mail. It also highlighted the importance of evaluating and analyzing the data recipient and based on feedback to modify future communications. The aim is to describe the development of application software for managing customer communication and demonstrate its effect.
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Webb, Brandon. "Legal representation at internal disciplinary enquiries: the CCMA and bargaining councils." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1021066.
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The right to legal representation at internal disciplinary hearings and arbitration proceedings at the Commission for Conciliation, Mediation and Arbitration (CCMA), and bargaining councils, where the reason for dismissal relates to misconduct or incapacity is a topic that is raised continuously and often debated. Despite no amendments to labour legislation pertaining to the issue at hand there was however a recent Supreme Court of Appeal judgment. This judgment alters one’s view and clarifies the uncertainties that were created around Rule 25 of the CCMA rules, it also brings a different perspective to the matter, but it will however continue to ignite significant interest. There is no automatic right to legal representation at disciplinary hearings, at the CCMA, and at bargaining councils where disputes involve conduct or capacity and this is the very reason why it is a contentious matter for all parties to grapple with. The dismissal of an employee for misconduct may not be significant to the employer, but the employee’s job is his major asset, and losing his employment is a serious matter to contend with. Lawyers are said to make the process legalistic and expensive, and are blamed for causing delays in the proceedings due to their unavailability and the approach that they adopt. Allowing legal representation places individual employees and small businesses on the back foot because of the costs. Section 23(1) of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, Act 108 of 1996, provides everyone with the right to fair labour practices, and section 185 of the Labour Relations Act 66 of 1995 gives effect to this right and specifies, amongst others, that an employee has the right not to be unfairly dismissed. At internal disciplinary hearings, the Labour Relations Act 66 of 1995 is silent as to what the employee’s rights are with regards to legal representation and the general rule is that legal representation is not permitted, unless the employer’s disciplinary code and procedure or the employee’s contract allows for it, but usually an employee may only be represented by a fellow employee or trade union representative, but not by a legal representative. In MEC: Department of Finance, Economic Affairs and Tourism, Northern Province v Mahumani, the Supreme Court of Appeal held that there exists no right in terms of the common law to legal representation in tribunals other than in courts of law. However, both the common law and PAJA concede that in certain situations it may be unfair to deny a party legal representation. Currently the position in South Africa is that an employee facing disciplinary proceedings can put forward a request for legal representation and the chairperson of the disciplinary hearing will have the discretion to allow or refuse the request. In Hamata v Chairperson, Peninsula Technikon Internal Disciplinary Committee, the Supreme Court of Appeal found that the South African law does not recognise an absolute right to legal representation in fora other than courts of law, and a constitutional right to legal representation only arises in respect of criminal matters.
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Brown, Kevin L. "Code and sequence design for adaptive combined CCMA CDMA multimedia networks." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.275665.
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Šlejharová, Daniela. "Aplikace principů CCPM v řízení projektů IS/ICT v IT společnosti." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-75277.
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This thesis deals with application of Critical Chain in IT/ICT Project management in an international IT company. Beginning with a definition of Theory of Constraints and Critical Chain from a theoretical point of view the thesis provides knowledge base for practical implementation of Critical Chain. The thesis proceeds with selection and division of various IT/ICT projects types providing their evaluation according to their usability with CCPM (Critical Chain Project Management). The thesis also contains research and overview of available resources dealing with application of Critical Chain in IT projects management. This research is presented in a form of case studies and also concluded as a summary of both achieved successes and critical success factors that should be taken into account when implementing CCPM. Based on the knowledge acquired from the previous chapters a formal step-by-step procedure defining how to proceed with CCPM in a project was defined. This procedure will be applied in a real project management as a part of this diploma thesis. The thesis also presents analysis of currently used methodology and approaches to project management in the company and using the procedure created in the previous part the methodology is extended by relevant parts of CCPM. These approaches and methodology are formalized in a Methodical Pattern for IS Development (FI) -- CCPM and this pattern is then used for application of CCPM in a software development project. The project is prepared, planned and controlled according to principles of Critical Chain. The thesis captures this process step-by-step including monitoring of the project and its buffers. For evaluation of the Critical Chain implementation in a software development project a set of criteria was developed and used for assessment. Also every member of the given project team was sent a questionnaire to provide feedback. Originally planned comparison of the CCPM project with a project managed by currently used approaches could not, unfortunately, be carried out due to lack of data and their sensitivity. Considering the scope of this thesis, the application of CCPM in a real project represents verification of validity of the Methodical Pattern for IS Development (FI) -- CCPM and the contribution is also in creation of criteria and verification of their usability for evaluation of projects and potential comparison of two or more projects. Based on the practical application of Critical Chain in a real project, suggestions and recommendation for adjustments to current methodology and also further work with CCPM in the company were provided.
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Hebert, Ryan Matthew. "Functional analysis of CCM3 a gene contributing to cerebral cavernous malformations /." [New Haven, Conn. : s.n.], 2008. http://ymtdl.med.yale.edu/theses/available/etd-12022008-120301/.
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Comstock, Robert. "Hypersonic Heat Transfer Load Analysis in STAR-CCM+." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2020. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/2226.
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This thesis investigates the capabilities of STAR-CCM+, a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software owned by Siemens, in predicting hypersonic heat transfer loads on forward-facing surfaces. Results show that STAR-CCM+ predicted peak heat transfer loads within +/- 20% of experimental data on the leading edge of a delta wing design from the X-20 Dyna-Soar program with 73o of sweep. Steady-state laminar simulations were run as replications of wind tunnel tests documented in NASA CR-535, a NASA technical report that measured and studied the hypersonic pressure and heat transfer loads on preliminary X- 20 wing designs across a wide range of Reynolds numbers and Mach numbers in different wind tunnel and shock tunnel facilities. One of the Mach 8.08 test cases that was run at NASA Arnold Engineering Development Center Wind Tunnel B was selected as the case of comparison for this thesis, which was designated as test AD462M-1 in the original report. The CFD simulations assumed an ideal gas in laminar flow with temperature-dependent viscosity, thermal conductivity, and isobaric specific heat across an angle of attack range from 0o to 30o. A separate CFD study of heat transfer loads of a hemisphere-cylinder at Mach 6.74 was used as a simpler and less computationally-expensive validation case compared against wind tunnel data from NASA Langley Research Center to help select the appropriate CFD solver and mesh settings for this thesis.
For the hemisphere-cylinder, the heat transfer load at the stagnation point was overpredicted in STAR-CCM+ by 21.8%. Peak heat transfer loads on the delta wing leading edge were all within +/- 20% of the wind tunnel data, which was published for angles of attack between 15o to 30o. A more adverse heat transfer gradient along the leading edge of the delta wing was also observed in the direction from the front of the wing to the outer wing tip when compared to wind tunnel data. The pressure loads on the delta wing leading edge in CFD were within +/-10% of wind tunnel measurements.
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SILVA, Cláudia Brito Lyra Nunes da. "Utilizando CCM no Suporte a Sessões Cooperativas Síncronas." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2004. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/2482.
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Previous issue date: 2004A área de trabalho cooperativo apoiado por computador (CSCW - Computer Supported Cooperative Work) estuda como as pessoas podem cooperar para a solução de problemas e como tais cooperações podem ser estabelecidas e desenvolvidas utilizando-se recursos computacionais. As aplicações cooperativas síncronas provêem funcionalidades que permitem a interação síncrona entre os membros de um grupo, estando estes em um mesmo local ou dispersos geograficamente. Tais aplicações necessitam de mecanismos de controle que possibilitem o gerenciamento dos usuários que fazem parte das sessões cooperativas, e permitam que os participantes acessem, de forma compartilhada, os recursos disponíveis durante a sessão. Dentre as tecnologias utilizadas na implementação de soluções de suporte a sessões cooperativas síncronas, CORBA (Common Object Request Broker Architecture) mostra-se de grande valor ao prover interoperabilidade entre aplicações implementadas em diferentes linguagens, independentemente de plataforma, protocolos e tecnologias de rede. O CCM (CORBA Component Model ) representa o modelo de componente para a arquitetura CORBA, cujo objetivo principal é facilitar o desenvolvimento de aplicações que utilizam CORBA como plataforma de distribuição. Dessa forma, o objetivo deste trabalho é prover um serviço de suporte a sessões cooperativas síncronas (CSMS - Cooperative Session Management Service), utilizando a tecnologia de componentes proposta pelo CCM. Os principais aspectos abordados por esse serviço são o gerenciamento de usuários que fazem parte da sessão e o mecanismo de controle utilizado no acesso aos recursos compartilhados durante a sessão.
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Ottosson, Oscar. "CFD Simulation of Urea Evaporation in STAR-CCM+." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Mekanisk värmeteori och strömningslära, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-160484.
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Diesel engines produce large amounts of nitrogen oxides (NOX) while running. Nitrogen oxides are highly toxic and also contribute towards the formation of tropospheric ozone. Increasingly stringent legislation regarding the amount of nitrogen oxides that are allowed to be emitted from diesel-powered vehicles has forced manufacturers of diesel-engines to develop after-treatment systems that reduce the amount of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust. One of the main components in such a system is selective catalytic reduction (SCR), where nitrogen oxides are reduced to diatomic nitrogen and water with the help of ammonia. A vital part of this process is the spraying of a urea-water-solution (UWS), which is needed in order to produce the reducing agent ammonia. UWS spraying introduces the risk of solid deposits (such as biuret, ammelide and ammeline) forming in the after-treatment system, should the flow conditions be unfavourable. Risk factors include high temperatures, but also low dynamics and high thickness of the resulting liquid film that forms as the UWS spray hits the surfaces of the after-treatment system. It is thus essential that manufacturers of SCR after-treatment systems have correct data on how much UWS that should be sprayed into the exhaust for any given flow condition. Experimental tests are thoroughly used to assess this but are very expensive and are thus limited to prototype testing during product development. When assessing a wider range of concepts and geometries early on in the product development stage, simulation tools such as computational fluid dynamics (CFD) are used instead. One of the most computationally heavy processes to simulate within a SCR after-treatment system is the UWS spray and its interaction with surfaces inside the after-treatment system, where correct prediction of the formation of solid deposits are of great importance. Most CFD models used for this purpose hold a relatively good level of accuracy and are utilized throughout the whole industry where SCR aftertreatment is applied. Despite this, these models are limited in the fact that they are only able to cover timescales in the scope of seconds to minutes while using a tolerable amount of computational power. However, the time spectrum for solid deposit formation is minutes to hours. Scania is one of Sweden’s biggest developers of SCR after-treatment, with the technology being incorporated directly into its silencers. AVL Fire is the main UWS spray simulation tool for engineers at Scania at the moment. One major drawback of using AVL Fire for UWS spray simulations is that it is deemed too time-consuming to set up new cases and too unstable during simulation, which makes it too costly in terms of expensive engineering hours. This project has investigated the potential of using STAR-CCM+ for UWS spray simulations at Scania instead. A standard method has been evaluated, as well as parameters that will prove useful in further investigations of a potential speedup method. The studied method in STAR-CCM+ is easy to setup and the simulation process is robust and stable. Various other perks come from using STAR-CCM+ as well, such as: a user-friendly interface, easy and powerful mesh-generation and great post-process capabilities. Several different parameters have been investigated for their impact on the studied method, such as mesh refinement of the spray injector area and the number of parcels injected every time-step through the spray injector (simply put the resolution of the spray). A possible speedup by freezing the momentum equations when allowed and lowering the amount of inner iterations has also been investigated. A handful of operating conditions have been studied for two different geometries. The attained simulation results display correlations with physical measurements, but further assessment for identifying the risk of solid deposit needs to be performed on the studied cases to assess the full accuracy of solid deposit prediction of the studied method. Recommendations for future work includes fully implementing and evaluating the speedup method available for spray simulations in STAR-CCM+ as well as directly comparing how the accuracy and performance of the method relates to that of the method used in AVL Fire for spray simulations.Dieselmotorer producerar under körning stora mängder kväveoxider (NOx). Kväve-oxider är starkt giftiga föreningar som även bidrar till att öka mängden marknära ozon. Allt strängare lagstiftning gällande mängden kväveoxider som får släppas ut från fordon med dieselmotorer har lett till att tillverkare av dieselmotorer blivit tvingade att utveckla efterbehandlingssystem som renar avgasen från motorn. En av huvudkomponenterna i ett sådant system idag är selective catalytic reduction (SCR; på svenska selektiv katalytisk reduktion), där kväveoxider omvandlas till kvävgas och vatten med hjälp av ammoniak. För att producera ammoniak används en lösning av urea och vatten (t.ex. AdBlue®), som introduceras till efterbehandlingssystemet via spray. Denna process har dock en stor nackdel, då det under omvandlingsprocessen kan finnas risk för klumpbildning av ämnen som biuret, ammelid och ammelin ifall flödesförhållandena är ogynnsamma. Riskfaktorer för klumpbildning inkluderar höga temperaturer samt låg dynamik och hög tjocklek för den vätskefilm som bildas när sprayen med urea-lösning kommer i kontakt med ytor i efterbehandlingssystemet. Det är därför av stor vikt för tillverkare av efterbehandlingssystem som använder SCR att känna till hur mycket urealösning som kan sprayas in för varje givet flöde. Experimentella tester används till stor del för att utvärdera detta, men är väldigt dyra och kan endast göras för ett fåtal prototyper under en produkts utveckling. För att kunna utvärdera ett större antal koncept och geometrier tidigare i utvecklingsstadiet av en ny produkt används därför ofta datorkraft med simuleringsverktyg som CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics). En av de mest beräkningstunga processerna att simulera i ett efterbehandlingssystem med SCR är sprayandet av urea-lösning och dess interaktion med ytor, där korrekta förutbestämmelser av huruvida det finns risk för klumpbildning eller inte är av stor betydelse. De flesta CFD modeller som används i detta syfte har förhållandevis god noggrannhet och används i stor utsträckning i den bransch där efterbehandling med SCR tillämpas. Däremot är dessa modeller begränsade i att de endast kan åstadkomma simuleringar (med en acceptabel mängd datorkraft) som sträcker sig i tidsintervallet sekunder till minuter. Bildningen av klump är dock en process som kan ta upp till flera timmar. Scania är en av Sveriges största tillämpare av SCR, då tekniken används i de efterbehandlingssystem som finns inbyggda i tillverkarens ljuddämpare. Scania använder främst AVL Fire för simulering av spray med urea. AVL Fire anses dock vara för tidskrävande vid skapelsen av nya simuleringsfall och för instabilt under simulering. Detta projekt har därför undersökt möjligheten att använda STAR-CCM+ för simulering av spray med urea hos Scania. Den metod i STAR-CCM+ som utvärderats är enkel att använda då nya simuleringsfall ska skapas, samtidigt som den är robust och stabil under simulering. Relevanta parametrar för en potentiell uppsnabbningsmetod har också undersökts. STAR-CCM+ i sin helhet är användarvänligt, där verktyget för att skapa och generera mesh är enkelt att använda såväl som kraftfullt när mer avancerade operationer krävs. Möjligheterna för postprocessing är väldigt smidiga för transienta förlopp, vilket är ett stort plus för simuleringar med urea-spray, vars injektion och resulterande processer är väldigt transienta skeenden i sig. Flera olika parametrar har undersökts, för att granska hur stor påverkan de har på prestandan och noggrannheten hos den studerade metoden. Två av dessa är tätheten av beräkningsnoder i den region där spray-munstycket är placerat samt antalet paket med urea-vatten lösning som injiceras varje tidssteg via spray-munstycket. En möjlig uppsnabbning av metoden, som går ut på att frysa ekvationerna för bevarelse av rörelsemängd (eng - momentum equations) när det är tillåtet och samtidigt minska antalet inre iterationer för varje tidssteg, har också undersökts. Ett flertal olika flödesförhållanden har också undersökts för två olika geometrier. De erhållna resultaten tyder på korrelation med data från fysiska experiment. Dock bör ytterligare hydrodynamiska utvärderingar tillämpas för att ordentligt kunna redogöra för hur väl STAR-CCM+ kan användas för att förutse risken för klump- bildning i en spray-process med urea-vatten lösning. Framtida arbete borde fokusera på att utvärdera den uppsnabbningsmetod som finns för spray-simuleringar i STAR-CCM+, samt direkt jämföra hur väl metodens noggrannhet och prestanda står sig gentemot den metod som används i AVL Fire för spray-simuleringar.
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Fergus, Emma. "From Sidumo to Dunsmuir the test for review of CCMA arbitration awards." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/4607.
Full textAbstract:
Includes abstract.Includes bibliographical references.
This thesis seeks to identify the test for judicial review of arbitration awards issued by the Commission for Conciliation, Mediation and Arbitration ('CCMA'). Currently, that test is set out in section 145 of the Labour Relations Act 66 of 1995 ('LRA'), read with the Constitutional Court's decision in Sidumo & another v Rustenburg Platinum Mines Ltd & others [2007] 12 BLLR 1097 (CC). In terms of Sidumo, section 145 of the LRA has been suffused by the standard of reasonableness, consistently with the right to just administrative action found in section 33 of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996 ('the Constitution'). In search of a clear formulation of the test, an extensive examination of South African case law on the subject is undertaken. Thereafter, relevant principles of judicial review in South Africa in the administrative sphere generally are considered. Finally, an assessment of Canadian case law and commentary in this field is conducted. The conclusion to this thesis proposes a revised test for review of CCMA awards. The principal research findings begin by recognising the significance of efficiency, accessibility, flexibility and informality to ensuring fair and efficacious labour dispute resolution. The implication of this is that the test for review of CCMA awards should not be too exacting. Still, section 33 of the Constitution cannot be ignored and a broader ambit of review may therefore be necessary in certain instances. In fact, to maintain legal certainty, intrusive review may sometimes be crucial. These factors must be balanced when formulating a reliable and practical approach to review of CCMA awards. A key finding of this thesis is that – ostensibly due to the complexity of doing so – the Labour Courts have struggled to apply the current test for review consistently, fairly or predictably.
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Öberg, Anders. "Implementering av ISOBUS Virtual Terminal på fordonsdatorn CCP XS." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-5247.
Full textAbstract:
Modern agriculture equipment are more computer based today, and many equipments use a terminal in the tractor where the driver have the opportunity to make adjustments to the equipment. This is the reason why ISO developed a new standard called ISOBUS. It is a communication standard based on CAN specially adapted for griculture equipments. The purpose of the standard is that it should be ossible to equip a tractor with a standard terminal called Virtual Terminal that can be used to control the equipment. The use of the terminal should be independent of the manufacturer of the tractor as well as of the equipment.
The purpose of this report is to find a solution of how to use CC Systems on-board computer, CCP XS, as a Virtual Terminal. In the report both Hardware and Software requirements have been examined, but mainly the software requirements. Only one suitable software vendor, Vector Informatik, was found after contacts with different software suppliers. It have not been possible to test this package because of the high price for the evaluation license.
A demonstration solution has also been developed in the project. It consists of a simulator program, that runs on a PC, connected to a CPP XS that executes a Virtual Terminal program. An ISOBUS compatible J1939 protocol stack from Ixxat Automation has been integrated in the Virtual Terminal program. It gives the opportunity to test the protocol stack on a CPP XS. In order to limit the size of the project, not all functions in the ISOBUS standard is implemented in the demonstration solution.
Moderna jordbruksredskap har blivit allt mer datoriserade och många använder sig av en terminal i traktorn där föraren har möjlighet att göra inställningar på redskapet. Därför har en standard för detta tagits fram av ISO kallad ISOBUS. Det är en kommunikationsstandard baserad på CAN speciellt framtagen för jordbruksmaskiner. Syftet med standarden är att en traktor skall kunna vara utrustad med en standardterminal kallad Virtual Terminal som används för att styra redskapen. Denna terminal skall kunna användas till samtliga redskap som kopplas till traktorn oberoende av vem som tillverkar redskapen eller traktorn.
Syftet med rapporten är att hitta en lösning för hur CC Systems fordonsdator CCP XS kan användas som en Virtual Terminal. I rapporten har dels kraven på hårdvaran undersökts men det största arbetet har lagts på att hitta en lämplig mjukvarulösning. Efter att ha kontaktat olika leverantörer av mjukvara har endast ett lämpligt mjukvarupaket hittats och det levereras av Vector Informatik. Dock har inte detta paket kunnat testas på grund av det höga priset
på en utvärderingslicens.
Det har också i projektet tagits fram en demonstrator som består av en simulator för PC som kopplas till en CCP XS som kör en Virtual Terminal mjukvara. I programvaran för Terminalen valdes en ISOBUS kompatibel J1939 protokollstack från Ixxat Automation att användas, för att få möjlighet att provköra den protokollstacken på CCP XS. För att arbetet inte skulle bli för stort har dessa programvaror begränsats till att endast stödja vissa funktioner i ISOBUSstandarden.
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Zhou, Bo. "CCM Totem Pole Bridgeless PFC with Ultra Fast IGBT." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/51120.
Full textAbstract:
The totem pole PFC suffers from the Mosfet body diode reverse recovery issue which limits this topology adopted in the CCM high power condition. As the ultra-fast IGBT which is capable of providing 100 kHz switching frequency is available in the market, it is possible to apply the totem pole PFC in CCM high power condition. The thesis provides a method by implementing the ultra-fast IGBT and SiC diode to replace the MOSFET in this topology.
To verify the method, a universal CCM totem pole PFC is designed and tested. The design adopts the ADP1048 programmable digital PFC controller by adding external logic gate for totem-pole PFC. ADP1048 greatly simplifies the design process and satisfies the design requirements. The experiment results verify that the totem-pole PFC can be applied into CCM high power condition by using the method. The DC output voltage is well regulated. The power factor is higher than 0.98 when the load is above 400W. The measured efficiency can achieve up to 96.8% at low line and 98.2% at high line condition with switching frequency 80 kHz.Master of Science
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Veverytsa, Lyubov. "Coordinating differentiation with behavioral output of the CCAP-neuron network in Drosophila melanogaster." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/39634.
Full textAbstract:
Appropriate integration of neurons into functioning networks is the ultimate goal of
neuronal differentiation. My thesis examined the mechanism and timing of neuronal
differentiation in Drosophila melanogaster in relation to the functional requirements of a
developing neuronal network.
Specifically, my thesis aimed to address the role of extrinsic signaling in inducing and
maintaining the expression of genes important to the function of neurons within their network.
CCAP-neurons were chosen as a model because: 1) GAL4 drivers are available for cell-specific
genetic manipulation. 2) The critical role of CCAP-neurons in the behavior, ecdysis, provides for
an easily assayed phenotype if these neurons fail to function properly. 3) Four peptide hormones
are selectively expressed in differentiated CCAP-neurons that are essential for the normal
function of CCAP-neurons in ecdysis; this provides a direct link between gene expression and
behavior. 4) Ecdysis is reiterated at multiple developmental steps, thus the CCAP-neuronal
population functions throughout development. Together, these factors allow my work to relate
neuronal subtype-specific differentiation to the regulation of gene expression and then directly to
behavior.
Larval Drosophila CCAP-neurons comprise ~46 neurons [~36 interneurons (CCAP-INs)
and 10 efferent-neurons (CCAP-ENs)] that express a number of terminal differentiation genes
(TDGs; such as neuropeptides). To begin, we delineated mechanisms underlying the expression
of four TDGs, the peptide hormones CCAP, MIP, Bursicon-α and Bursicon-β, which together
mediate the functional output of those neurons. Importantly, my studies found that a specific
subset of CCAP-neurons, the CCAP-ENs, is both necessary and sufficient for ecdysis, and that
their function in ecdysis is mediated by extrinsic BMP-dependent peptide hormone expression.
Additionally, we found that the change in the ecdysis behavioral sequence from larval to pupal
ecdysis is supported by the recruitment of a ‘late’ subset of CCAP-neurons that are born in the
embryo but undergo extrinsic ecdysone-triggered, temporally-tuned differentiation immediately
prior to pupal ecdysis.
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Msangaambe, Chatha. "Laity empowerment with regard to the missional task of the CCAP in Malawi." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/6750.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (DTh (Practical Theology and Missiology))--University of Stellenbosch, 2011.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This dissertation presents the empowerment of the laity in the church as a strategic key activity to bring transformation within the Malawian Church and its context. It is an attempt to answer the question: How can the laity of the CCAP Nkhoma Synod be empowered to become missional agents of transformation? The researcher contends that, if the clerical leadership can engage faithfully in the task of equipping all members for service in the Church and community, a phenomenal improvement in the quality of life in Malawi can take place. The first chapter serves as an introduction to the whole work. It describes the problem in three related questions, all of which demand a practical theo-logical response to the described scenario. Along with other introductory essentials, this chapter establishes the epistemological framework for doing theology in congregations as overarching for the study. It basically defines theology in a practical way. Chapter 2 describes the physical features of Malawi, as well as a historical background of the Church in Malawi. While it presents a general historical background, it pays special attention to the contributions of the laity in the development of the Malawian Church. The role of the laity in Church development and growth throughout the Church's history is quite remark-able, must be appreciated, and actually deserves a special study. Chapter 3 deals with the analysis of the context in which the Malawian Church exists and ministers. It exposes the suffering caused by poverty and HIV/AIDS, that people in the Church and society experience. The situation, as described, provides the motivation and driving force for this study. The identity analysis of the Nkhoma Synod dominates Chapter 4, which discusses the influence of identity on the way the Church equips its members. The picture that it portrays proves that identity should be used to promote empowerment of the laity. Chapter 5 discusses the Church's missional nature and explains the Church's position in the society, as well as its biblical mandate to serve. This discussion is taken further in Chapter 6, which deals with the specific role of the Church in sustainable development. The Church, with its missional nature, is viewed as a capable catalyst and participant in community development. Chapter 7 develops a detailed explanation of the laity‟s empowerment as a key activity of the Church in its practice of theology. This empowerment is approached from different perspectives and also receives an African view. This chapter prepares the research with the basic theory used in the case study that Chapter 8 presents. The final chapter summarizes the whole discussion as a way of commenting on the findings that climax in the case study. This study asserts that, if the clerical leadership in the Malawian Church in the Nkhoma Synod can empower the laity and utilize their spiritual gifts, then the missional identity of the Church can come to the fore.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die tesis handel oor die bemagtiging van lidmate as ʼn strategiese sleutel tot transformasie binne die Malawiese Kerk en sy konteks. Dit is ʼn poging om die vraag te beantwoord: Hoe kan die lidmate van die CCAP Nkhoma Sinode bemagtig word om missionêre agente van transformasie te wees? Die navorser beweer dat, indien die leierskap getrou die taak kan uitvoer om alle lidmate toe te rus vir diens in die Kerk en die gemeenskap, ʼn merkwaardige verbetering in die lewenskwaliteit in Malawi kan plaasvind. Die eerste hoofstuk dien as ʼn inleiding tot die hele werk. Dit beskryf die pro-bleem in drie verwante vrae wat al drie ʼn praktiese teologiese reaksie tot die scenario wat beskryf is, bied. Tesame met ander inleidende noodsaaklik-hede, verduidelik hierdie hoofstuk die praxis metodologie van praktiese teologie. Hoofstuk 2 beskryf Malawi en vertel die geskiedenis van die kerk. Terwyl dit ʼn algemene historiese agtergrond bied, skenk dit spesiale aandag aan die bydraes van lidmate in die ontwikkeling van die Malawiese Kerk. Lidmate se rol in die Kerk se ontwikkeling en groei is werklik merkwaardig, moet waardeer word, en verdien eintlik ʼn spesiale studie. Hoofstuk 3 handel oor die analise van die konteks waarin die Malawiese Kerk bestaan en dien. Dit toon die lyding, veroorsaak deur armoede en MIV/VIGS, wat mense in die Kerk en samelewing verduur. Die situasie is die motivering en dryfveer vir hierdie studie. Die identiteitsanalise van die Nkhoma Sinode is die inhoud van Hoofstuk 4. Die stelling wat dit maak, is dat identiteit gebruik moet word om die bemagtiging van lidmate te bevorder. Hoofstuk 5 bespreek die kerk se missionêre wese en verduidelik die kerk se posisie in die samelewing asook sy Bybelse mandaat om te dien. vi Hierdie bespreking word verder gevoer in Hoofstuk 6 wat handel oor die rol van die Kerk om volhoubare ontwikkeling te verseker. Die Kerk, met sy missionêre wese, word gesien as ʼn belangrike rolspeler in gemeenskapsontwikkeling. Hoofstuk 7 verduidelik hoe lidmate bemagtig word om die missio Dei te volvoer. In teologiese teorie en die bedieningpspraktyk behoort dit tot die wese van kerkwees. Bemagtiging kan vanaf verskillende perspektiewe benader word, maar ʼn kontekstuee, eie, Afrika benadering, word voorgestaan. Dié hoofstuk is voorbereidend tot die beskrywing van die proses wat die navorser gevolg het om die teorie in die CCAP gemeente Nkhoma toe te pas en te evalueer: Hoofstuk 8. Die slothoofstuk som die hele bespreking op as ʼn manier om kommentaar te lewer op die bevindinge wat hul klimaks in die gevallestudie bereik. Hierdie studie bewys dat waar kerklike leierskap lidmate bemagtig en hul gawes benut, die missionêre identiteit van die Kerk daadwerklik sigbaar word.
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Gondwe, John. "A theological investigation into Malawian child labour : a challenge to CCAP Livingstonia synod." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/96659.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MTh)--Stellenbosch University, 2015.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Motivated by the observation that child labour is harmful to children, this research aims to determine whether child labour could be described as a violation of human dignity. The research further attempts to develop a theological framework which the Church of Central Africa Presbyterian (C.C.A.P) Synod of Livingstonia in Malawi could adopt in restoring the human dignity that might have been trodden on in child labour practices. In order to achieve the objectives of this study, eight ministers from two presbyteries were interviewed, using a structured questionnaire as the main tool for data collection. The data was analyzed using a thematic data analysis method. The findings indicated that child labour is any work done by children that is detrimental to their welfare. Such work was predominantly on tobacco farms both at commercial and at family levels, and was carried out under hazardous conditions. As a result children experience the following effects; physical abuse; psychological torture, sexual abuse; and these children may end up in perpetual poverty experiences, to mention just a few effects. The critical literature analysis done with reference to theological concept of human dignity, characterized the effects as a violation of human dignity. The main causes of child labour identified during this study were poverty, ignorance of short and long terms impact of child labour effects on children, and the cultural perceptions that children are equipped for the future if they are trained (socialized) to work hard at a tender age. By implication, as long as these causes exist, child labour may remain a problem and children may continue to suffer since these children do not enter labour by choice, but forced by the socio-economic and socio-cultural structures. Although these children experience this human degradation there is no way they can stop working on their own, because they do not have a voice, they are under the control of parents and employers. In this context this study would like to classify working children as among the marginalized, oppressed, weak and vulnerable groups in need of people and institution that can speak and act on their behalf. Therefore it is argued that there is a need for the church to advocate for the marginalized children in this context. The literature consulted further indicated that the church of Jesus Christ is responsible for providing spiritual and physical salvation to people, taking into account how long it may take to deal with some of the main causes of child labour. The church may consider its advocacy role of protecting the dignity of human beings created in the image of God with compassionate love. This research suggests recommendations that are in line with theological understanding of who the church is and the human dignity of people and specifically of children, to address the challenges of child labour practices. The recommendations attempt to involve different stakeholders of the community to work in a consortium.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die navorsing is gemotiveer deur die waarneming dat die gevolge van kinder-arbeid skadelik vir kinders kan wees, en stel dit ten doel om vas te stel of die effek van kinder-arbeid as ʼn skending van menswaardigheid beskryf kan word. Die navorsing streef ook om ʼn teologiese raamwerk te ontwikkel wat die Church of Central Africa Presbyterian (C.C.A.P) Livingstonia Sinode in Malawi kan gebruik om die menswaardigheid wat moontlik deur kinder-arbeid- gebruike vertrap is,te herstel. Ten einde die doelstellings van die studie te bereik, is onderhoude gevoer met agt predikante van twee ringe, Jombo en Rumphi, in Livingstonia Sinode. Tydens die individuele onderhoude is ʼn gestruktureerde vraelys hoofsaaklik gebruik vir die versameling van data. Die versamelde data is ontleed met ʼn tematiese data-ontleding metode. Volgens die bevindings is kinder-arbeid enige arbeid wat kinders verrig wat nadelig vir hul welsyn is. Die meeste werk wat deur kinders verrig word, is op kommersiële tabakplase of in familieverband op kleinboere se tabakplase. Die werk is meestal onder gevaarlike omstandighede. As gevolg van die gevaarlike werk, ervaar kinders fisiese mishandeling, sielkundige teistering, seksuele mishandeling en ook soms gedurige armoede, om net ʼn paar te nadelige effekte te noem. Die kritiese literatuur-analise oor hierdie effekte met verwysing na ʼn teologiese konsep van menswaardigheid, toon dat die gevolge gekenmerk kan word as skending van menseregte. Die volgende primêre oorsake van kinder-arbeid is in die studie geïdentifiseer: armoede, onkunde oor die kort- en langtermyn impak van kinder-arbeid op kinders, en kulturele persepsies dat kinders vir die toekoms toegerus word as hulle op ʼn jong ouderdom geleer word (sosialisasie) om hard te werk. Die implikasie is dat solank hierdie oorsake voortbestaan, sal kinder-arbeid ʼn probleem bly en sal kinders steeds so ly, aansien hierdie kinders nie kies om kinder-arbeid te verrig nie, maar deur sosio-ekonomiese en sosio- kulturele strukture daartoe gedwing word. Al word hierdie kinders onmenswaardig behandel, kan hulle nie ophou werk nie, want hulle het nie ʼn stem nie, hulle word beheer deur hul ouers en werkgewers. In hierdie konteks stel hierdie studie werkende kinders gelyk aan die klassifikasie van die gemarginaliseerde, onderdrukte, swak en weerlose groep namens wie mense en organisasies moet praat en optree. Daar word dus betoog dat daar ʼn behoefte is dat die kerk namens gemarginaliseerde kinders in hierdie konteks intree. Die literatuur dui verder aan dat die aard en missie van die kerk van Jesus Christus maak ons verantwoordelik om spirituele en fisiese verlossing vir mense te bied. In die lig van die uitdagings van kinderswat werk, en met inagneming van hoe lank dit mag neem om sommige van die oorsake van kinder-arbeid aan te spreek, kan die kerk sy rol in terme van die beskerming van die menswaardigheid van mense geskape in die beeld van God met deernisvolle liefde oorweeg. Die navorsing maak voorstelle wat belyn is met die teologiese verstaan van wie die kerk is en die menswaardigheid van mense en spesifiek van kinders, om die uitdagings van kinder- arbeid aan te spreek. Die aanbevelings streef om verskillende aandeelhouers in die gemeenskap te mobiliseer om as ʼn konsortium saam te werk om kinder-arbeid en die onmenswaardige behandeling van kinders te bestry.
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Knabe, Lucie. "Rôle des cellules Club et de CCSP dans la Bronchopneumopathie Chronique Obstructive (BPCO)." Thesis, Montpellier, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MONT3503/document.
Full textAbstract:
La protéine CCSP (« Club Cell Secretory Protein »), produite par les cellules Club au niveau de l’épithélium respiratoire, se retrouve déficiente chez les patients atteints de Bronchopneumopathie Chronique Obstructive (BPCO). Le but de ce travail était de comprendre la régulation et les différents rôles de la protéine CCSP afin d’en évaluer son potentiel intérêt thérapeutique. Nous avons dans un premier temps observé les effets du polymorphisme connu de CCSP au niveau de sa région promotrice, la mutation G38A, sur la transcription même du gène. Nous avons constaté in vivo dans une étude clinique prospective sur 1 an comprenant 66 patients souffrant de BPCO, et confirmé in vitro dans un modèle de cellules BEAS-2B transfectées, que la fumée de cigarette était un répresseur de la transcription de CCSP et que ce phénomène était amplifié par la présence de la mutation G38A. De plus, in vitro, certains facteurs de transcription tels que p53 et Nkx2.1, ainsi que les lipopolysaccharides, affectaient l'efficacité du promoteur de CCSP.Ensuite, nous avons caractérisé les cellules qui sécrètent cette protéine dans un modèle ex vivo de culture en interface air-liquide de cellules primaires épithéliales bronchiques. Nous avons observé par microscopie électronique à balayage des cellules en dôme, forme caractéristique des cellules Club, et par microscopie électronique à transmission des cellules contenant des granules de sécrétion contenant la protéine CCSP. Nous avons constaté par immunofluorescence que les cellules marquées CCSP+ étaient également MUC5AC+ (marqueur de cellules à mucus), P63+ (marqueur de cellules basales) ou encore KI-67+ (marqueur de prolifération). Nous suggérons donc que les cellules Club sont des cellules progénitrices, permettant ainsi la régénération de l’épithélium bronchique. Par ailleurs, nous avons évalué l’implication de la protéine CCSP dans le recrutement des neutrophiles, cellules inflammatoires prépondérantes dans la BPCO. Une étude pharmacologique a d’abord permis d’évaluer les effets de CCSP sur des neutrophiles de sujets témoins. Le déplacement des neutrophiles, stimulé par l’IL8 ou le fMLP (tous deux puissants agents chemoattractants), était inhibé par CCSP. Puis, par une étude in vitro, nous avons déterminé la modulation du sécrétome de l’épithélium bronchique par CCSP. Lorsque les sécrétions d’épithélia reconstitués ex vivo à partir de biopsies de fumeur et de BPCO étaient mis en présence de neutrophiles, un chimiotactisme exagéré des neutrophiles étaient constaté. Lorsque les épithélia étaient traités avec la protéine CCSP, à l’état de base ou stimulés par de la fumée de cigarette, ce chimiotactisme exagéré était alors diminué.Enfin, dans une dernière partie, nous nous sommes intéressés à la régulation de la protéine, dans un modèle de culture cellulaire NCI-H292, lignée de cellules bronchiques cultivées en monocouche. Nous avons supplémenté ces cellules en CCSP exogène afin d’analyser les variations du profil protéomique des secrétions engendrées (méthode LC-MS/MS). De façon générale, il s’avérait que la supplémentation en CCSP permettrait une restauration de la « machinerie » du protéasome avec une augmentation des protéines de la famille des tubulines.Ce travail de thèse a démontré que la protéine CCSP était un acteur potentiel de la physiopathologie de la BPCO. L’étude de sa régulation a montré que la synthèse de CCSP était effectivement diminuée dans la BPCO. Ainsi, une supplémentation en CCSP pourrait être une piste thérapeutiqueA defective in Club Cell Secretory Protein (CCSP) produced by nonciliated Club cells was observed in COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) airways. Our aim was to understand CCSP biological mechanisms of action and its dysregulation in COPD and whether it might be a therapeutic axis in COPD.First, the influence of the CCSP G38A polymorphism on CCSP transcription levels and its regulatory mechanisms were analyzed. Our in vivo study conducted in a 1 year prospective cohort consisting of 66 COPD patients confirmed that circulating CCSP levels were associated with smoking. Moreover, the CCSP G38A polymorphism and the smoking status significantly repressed CCSP serum levels. Our in vitro study conducted in BEAS-2B transfected cells supported those findings as CSE repressed the CCSP transcription of the A carrying transfected cells more intensely than the wild type cells. Noteworthy, LPS, Nkx2.1 and p53 transcription factors also modulated the CCSP promoter efficiency in vitro. Furthermore, CCSP producing cells were characterized in an air-liquid interface (ALI) culture model of bronchial epithelial cells. Transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and confocal microscopy confirmed the pseudostratified organization of the reconstituted epithelium. Evidences of full differentiation were identified and labeled with MUC5AC (goblet cells), tubulinIV (ciliated cells), P63 (basal cells) and CCSP (club cells). Moreover, the ex vivo reconstituted COPD epithelium released higher levels of IL8 and MUC5AC. Ki-67 and collocating antibodies with CCSP argued for an accessory stem cell and a transitory differentiating roles for CCSP+ cells.Then, we aimed to investigate whether exaggerated airway neutrophilia was driven by the CCSP-defective COPD airway epithelium. CCSP action on healthy neutrophil chemotaxis was evaluated in a pharmacological study demonstrating that CCSP directly inhibited neutrophil chemotaxis induced by fMLP and IL8. Then, in an in vitro study, ALI-reconstituted COPD airway epithelium in a clean environment promoted an exaggerated neutrophilic chemotaxis compared to smokers and controls at steady state. Treating the airway epithelium with exogenous CCSP prevented baseline and CSE-induced neutrophil chemotaxis.Finally, CCSP regulation was studied in NCI-H292 cells, a human pulmonary cell line. The cells were supplemented with CCSP. Proteomic profile (LC-MS/MS method) of the bronchial epithelium in response to CCSP treatment demonstrated that the proteasome machinery and the tubulin family members were upregulated.This work supported the potential implication of CCSP in the pathophysiology of COPD. CCSP was confirmatively defective in COPD patients, therefore, restoring physiological concentrations of CCSP by exogenous supplementation may be a therapeutic perspective
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Ding, Zhimei. "Image Wavelet Compression Implementation Using a Run-Time Reconfigurable Custom Computing Machine." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/34105.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis presents the design and implementation of the Image Wavelet Compression (IWC) algorithm on Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) by using the run-time reconfigurable custom computing machine design tool Janus. The four routines implementing the IWC are discussed. The structure of Janus is introduced and the IWC implementation design framework to use Janus structure is described in detail. The Janus hardware circuit design model, which has been used in the IWC implementation, is demonstrated here. The hardware implementation results are presented and analyzed, focusing on reconfiguration and computing time. Future research areas are suggested to improve the Janus tool.Master of Science
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Peres, Renan Piazzon. "Controle de produção em uma indústria sucroalcooleira com CCM inteligente." Universidade de Taubaté, 2010. http://www.bdtd.unitau.br/tedesimplificado/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=310.
Full textAbstract:
Este trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar as características e conceitos da aplicação de centros de controle de motores inteligente, demonstrando as vantagens da utilização de rede industrial no controle da produção, especificamente o protocolo DeviceNet, e reunir em um documento as informações sobre a utilização e aplicações de diferentes configurações de acionamento e comando de motores instalados em um CCM. Para isso, foram realizados estudos e simulações de acionamentos elétricos protegidos por relés de sobrecarga em diferentes configurações de ligações e tecnologias utilizadas em instalações elétricas industriais, alterando os equipamentos, montagens e sinais recebidos para comando e proteção das cargas, bem como, observando os dados referentes aos custos de engenharia, instalação e materiais. Para as quatro opções analisadas foram estimados os tempos de projeto, instalação e valores estimados dos produtos e serviços necessários, fornecendo uma tabela comparativa entre as opções estudadas, além de concluir que o uso de CCM inteligente conectado ao aplicativo de supervisão IntelliCENTER se apresentou como a melhor solução, pois agrega as melhores características técnicas dos painéis elétricos, bem como a disponibilidade de monitoramento e controle da produção, com a utilização da rede DeviceNet. Além dos valores envolvidos na aquisição e startup, também foram observados os possíveis ganhos operacionais do sistema inteligente, pois permite via sistema supervisório os diagnósticos instantâneos, alarmes e desligamentos que localizam os defeitos nos acionamentos controlados.This work aims to present the intelligent motor control center characteristics and concepts by showing the advantages of the industrial network application in the manufacturing control, more specific the DeviceNet protocol and gather in one document the information about the application and how to use different configurations of drivers and motor control installed in a MCC. In order to gather this information several studies and simulation were made by changing the equipment, assembling and signals in electric drivers protected by overload relays with different technologies and kind of connections used in industrial installations and comparing the engineering, assembling, and material costs. For the four analyzed options of drivers, the project development time, installation, product costs and necessary services were estimated showing a comparative table between options. This study will prove that the intelligent MCC connected to the IntelliCENTER software is the best solution because uses the best technical solution and also have the ability to monitor and control manufacturing, using DeviceNet network. Besides the acquisition and start up values it was also observed the operational benefits of the intelligent system, showing alarms, instantaneous diagnostics, and problems in the components of the controlled starter, by means supervisory system.