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1

Woolfson, Adrian, Justin Stebbing, Brian D. M. Tom, Kerryn J. Stoner, Walter R. Gilks, David P. Kreil, Stephen P. Mulligan, et al. "Conservation of unique cell-surface CD antigen mosaics in HIV-1–infected individuals." Blood 106, no. 3 (August 1, 2005): 1003–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2004-12-4642.

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AbstractCluster of differentiation (CD) antigens are expressed on cells of myeloid and lymphoid lineages. As most disease processes involve immune system activation or suppression, these antigens offer unique opportunities for monitoring host responses. Immunophenotyping using limited numbers of CD antigens enables differentiation states of immune system cells to be determined. Extended phenotyping involving parallel measurement of multiple CD antigens may help identify expression pattern signatures associated with specific disease states. To explore this possibility we have made a CD monoclon
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2

Mason, David, Pascale André, Armand Bensussan, Chris Buckley, Curt Civin, Edward Clark, Masja de Haas, et al. "CD antigens 2001." Journal of Leukocyte Biology 70, no. 5 (November 2001): 685–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1189/jlb.70.5.685.

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3

Kishimoto, T., S. Goyert, H. Kikutani, D. Mason, M. Miyasaka, L. Moretta, T. Ohno, et al. "CD Antigens 1996." Blood 89, no. 10 (May 15, 1997): 3502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v89.10.3502.

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4

Kishimoto, T., S. Goyert, H. Kikutani, D. Mason, M. Miyasaka, L. Moretta, T. Ohno, et al. "CD Antigens 1996." Blood 89, no. 10 (May 15, 1997): 3502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v89.10.3502.3502_3502_3502.

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5

Schlossman, SF, L. Boumsell, W. Gilks, JM Harlan, T. Kishimoto, C. Morimoto, J. Ritz, S. Shaw, RL Silverstein, and TA Springer. "CD antigens 1993." Blood 83, no. 4 (February 15, 1994): 879–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v83.4.879.879.

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6

Schlossman, SF, L. Boumsell, W. Gilks, JM Harlan, T. Kishimoto, C. Morimoto, J. Ritz, S. Shaw, RL Silverstein, and TA Springer. "CD antigens 1993." Blood 83, no. 4 (February 15, 1994): 879–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v83.4.879.bloodjournal834879.

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7

Schlossman, S. F., L. Boumsell, W. Gilks, J. M. Harlan, T. Kishimoto, C. Morimoto, J. Ritz, et al. "CD Antigens 1993." Leukemia & Lymphoma 13, sup1 (January 1994): 59–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10428199409052676.

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8

Mason, D. Y., P. André, A. Bensussan, C. Buckley, C. Civin, E. Clark, M. De Haas, et al. "CD antigens 2001." Tissue Antigens 58, no. 6 (December 2001): 425–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1399-0039.2001.580614.x.

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9

Mason, David, Pascale André, Armand Bensussan, Chris Buckley, Curt Civin, Edward Clark, Masja de Haas, et al. "CD Antigens 2001." Modern Pathology 15, no. 1 (January 2002): 71–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/modpathol.3880492.

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10

Knapp, W., B. Dorken, P. Rieber, RE Schmidt, H. Stein, and AE von dem Borne. "CD antigens 1989." Blood 74, no. 4 (September 1, 1989): 1448–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v74.4.1448.1448.

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11

Knapp, W., B. Dorken, P. Rieber, RE Schmidt, H. Stein, and AE von dem Borne. "CD antigens 1989." Blood 74, no. 4 (September 1, 1989): 1448–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v74.4.1448.bloodjournal7441448.

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12

Mason, David, Pascale André, Armand Bensussan, Chris Buckley, Curt Civin, Edward Clark, Masja de Haas, et al. "CD antigens 2001." International Immunology 13, no. 9 (September 2001): 1095–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/intimm/13.9.1095.

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13

Schlossman, S. F., L. Boumsell, W. Gilks, J. M. Harlan, T. Kishimoto, C. Morimoto, J. Ritz, et al. "CD antigens 1993." Immunology Today 15, no. 3 (March 1994): 98–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-5699(94)90149-x.

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14

Mason, David, Pascale Andre, Armand Bensussan, Chris Buckley, Curt Civin, Edward Clark, Masja de Haas, et al. "CD antigens 2001." Immunology 103, no. 4 (August 2001): 401–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2567.2001.01295.x.

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15

Mason, David, Pascale André, Armand Bensussan, Chris Buckley, Curt Civin, Edward Clark, Masja de Haas, et al. "CD antigens 2002." Blood 99, no. 10 (May 15, 2002): 3877–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v99.10.3877.

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16

Mason, David, Pascale André, Armand Bensussan, Chris Buckley, Curt Civin, Edward Clark, Masja de Haas, et al. "CD Antigens 2001." Cellular Immunology 211, no. 2 (August 2001): 81–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/cimm.2001.1831.

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17

Mason, David, Pascale André, Armand Bensussan, Chris Buckley, Curt Civin, Edward Clark, Masja de Haas, et al. "CD antigens 2001." European Journal of Immunology 31, no. 10 (October 2001): 2841–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1521-4141(2001010)31:10<2841::aid-immu2841>3.0.co;2-y.

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18

Knapp, W., B. Dörken, P. Rieber, R. E. Schmidt, H. Stein, and A. E. G. Kr Von Dem Borne. "CD Antigens 1989." International Journal of Cancer 44, no. 1 (July 15, 1989): 190–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ijc.2910440135.

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19

Schlossman, S. F., L. Boumsell, W. Gilks, J. M. Harlan, T. Kishimoto, C. Morimoto, J. Ritz, S. Shaw, R. L. Silverstein, and T. A. Springer. "CD antigens 1993." Journal of Immunology 152, no. 1 (January 1, 1994): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.152.1.1.

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20

Hanafiah, Alfizah, Asif Sukri, Nik Ritza Kosai, Mohamad Aznan Shuhaili, Mustafa Mohammed Taher, and Raja Affendi Raja Ali. "Immunophenotyping of Gastritis, Gastric Ulcer and Gastric Cancer using a Cluster of Differentiation (CD) Antibody Microarray." Sains Malaysiana 52, no. 1 (January 31, 2023): 187–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2023-5201-15.

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One of the factors that contribute to the development of gastric cancer is the host immune response. Extensive immunophenotype of gastric cancer can be identified by using antibody microarray technique that profiles more than 100 cluster of differentiation (CD) antigens in parallel. In this study, we used DotScanTM antibody microarray to profile CD antigen expression in patients with distinct digestive diseases for surface antigen disease-signatures. Patients’ blood samples with gastric disorders and healthy controls were taken and processed for leukocytes isolation using Histopaque density gr
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21

Simon, M., J. Antalíková, Ľ. Horovská, J. Jankovičová, K. Fábryová, S. Hluchý, P. Chrenek, and V. Tančin. "Analysis of rabbit cell surface (CD) antigens by means of cross-reactive monoclonal antibodies with specificity for cattle CD antigens." Czech Journal of Animal Science 54, No. 6 (June 22, 2009): 270–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/1728-cjas.

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Studies that involved testing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) for cross-species reactivity proved to be efficient for the identification of previously unrecognized antigens in a number of different species. Twenty-six mAbs specific to different bovine CD (cluster defined) antigens (CD9, CD18, CD45R, CD41/61, CD62L, MHC class I and bovine IgG light chain molecule) were assayed for reactivity with rabbit peripheral blood leukocytes. Four of the mAbs recognizing CD9 and CD41/61 were reactive with rabbit platelets or granulocytes. These were investigated further by immunoblotting and immunohistochemi
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22

Mason, David, Pascale André, Armand Bensussan, Chris Buckley, Curt Civin, Edward Clark, Masja de Haas, et al. "Reference: CD Antigens 2002." Journal of Immunology 168, no. 5 (March 1, 2002): 2083–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.168.5.2083.

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23

Rodríguez Sillke, Y., M. Schumann, D. Lissner, F. Branchi, R. Glauben, and B. Siegmund. "P043 Small intestinal inflammation but not colitis drives pro-inflammatory nutritional antigen-specific T-cell response." Journal of Crohn's and Colitis 14, Supplement_1 (January 2020): S154—S155. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjz203.172.

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Abstract Background Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) represents a dysregulation of the mucosal immune system. The pathogenesis of Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) is linked to the loss of intestinal tolerance and barrier function. The healthy mucosal immune system has previously been shown to be inert against food antigens. Since the small intestine is the main contact surface for antigens and therefore the immunological response, the present study served to analyse food-antigen-specific T cells in the peripheral blood of IBD patients. Methods Peripheral blood mononuclear cells
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24

Hudson, AM, V. Makrynikola, A. Kabral, and KF Bradstock. "Immunophenotypic analysis of clonogenic cells in acute lymphoblastic leukemia using an in vitro colony assay." Blood 74, no. 6 (November 1, 1989): 2112–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v74.6.2112.2112.

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Abstract A culture system was used to analyze the expression of membrane differentiation antigens on the proliferative or clonogenic fraction of cells from cases of common (precursor B) acute lymphoblastic leukemia (c-ALL). Colonies of leukemic cells were obtained in 18 of 20 cases after 1 week in culture in a liquid layer containing recombinant interleukin-2 (IL-2), phytohemagglutinin (PHA), and B-cell growth factor over an agar feeder layer containing irradiated peripheral blood mononuclear cells plus fetal calf serum (FCS) and horse serum. Cultured cells expressed HLA-DR, CD-9, CD-10, CD-20
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25

Hudson, AM, V. Makrynikola, A. Kabral, and KF Bradstock. "Immunophenotypic analysis of clonogenic cells in acute lymphoblastic leukemia using an in vitro colony assay." Blood 74, no. 6 (November 1, 1989): 2112–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v74.6.2112.bloodjournal7462112.

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A culture system was used to analyze the expression of membrane differentiation antigens on the proliferative or clonogenic fraction of cells from cases of common (precursor B) acute lymphoblastic leukemia (c-ALL). Colonies of leukemic cells were obtained in 18 of 20 cases after 1 week in culture in a liquid layer containing recombinant interleukin-2 (IL-2), phytohemagglutinin (PHA), and B-cell growth factor over an agar feeder layer containing irradiated peripheral blood mononuclear cells plus fetal calf serum (FCS) and horse serum. Cultured cells expressed HLA-DR, CD-9, CD-10, CD-20, and CD-
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26

Scott, Helge, Wohan Ek, Jacob Havnen, Helge Michalsen, Leif Brunvand, Hans Howlid, and Per Brandtzaeg. "Serum Antibodies to Dietary Antigens." Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 11, no. 2 (August 1990): 215–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1536-4801.1990.tb10090.x.

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Summary:We examined 1,541 consecutive serum samples from 707 children with suspected food intolerance and 32 with treated celiac disease (CD) for IgG and IgA antibody reactivities to antigens from gluten, egg, and cow's milk by an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Samples from 72 patients showed increased IgA and/or IgG reactivity to gluten antigens; four were known CD patients not complying with a gluten‐free diet, 13 were suspected CD patients challenged with gluten, and 30 most likely had CD as suggested by small intestinal villous atrophy and histological and/or clinical improveme
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27

Kishimoto, T., S. Goyert, H. Kikutani, D. Mason, M. Miyasaka, L. Moretta, T. Ohno, et al. "Update of CD antigens, 1996." Journal of Immunology 158, no. 7 (April 1, 1997): 3035–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.158.7.3035.

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28

Clark, Edward A. "CD nomenclature for mouse antigens?" Immunology Today 8, no. 6 (January 1987): 170. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-5699(87)90030-2.

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29

Qin, Lin, Jun Cao, Kun Shao, Fan Tong, Zhihang Yang, Ting Lei, Yazhen Wang, et al. "A tumor-to-lymph procedure navigated versatile gel system for combinatorial therapy against tumor recurrence and metastasis." Science Advances 6, no. 36 (September 2020): eabb3116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abb3116.

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Application of cancer vaccines is limited due to their systemic immunotoxicity and inability to satisfy all the steps, including loading of tumor antigens, draining of antigens to lymph nodes (LNs), internalization of antigens by dendritic cells (DCs), DC maturation, and cross-presentation of antigens for T cell activation. Here, we present a combinatorial therapy, based on a α-cyclodextrin (CD)–based gel system, DOX/ICG/CpG-P-ss-M/CD, fabricated by encapsulating doxorubicin (DOX) and the photothermal agent indocyanine green (ICG). Upon irradiation, the gel system exhibited heat-responsive rel
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30

Santos, Fred Luciano Neves, Paola Alejandra Fiorani Celedon, Nilson Ivo Tonin Zanchin, Amanda Leitolis, Sandra Crestani, Leonardo Foti, Wayner Vieira de Souza, Yara de Miranda Gomes, and Marco Aurélio Krieger. "Performance Assessment of a Trypanosoma cruzi Chimeric Antigen in Multiplex Liquid Microarray Assays." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 55, no. 10 (July 19, 2017): 2934–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.00851-17.

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ABSTRACT Diagnosing chronic Chagas disease (CD) requires antibody–antigen detection methods, which are traditionally based on enzymatic assay techniques whose performance depend on the type and quality of antigen used. Previously, 4 recombinant chimeric proteins from the Instituto de Biologia Molecular do Paraná (IBMP-8.1 to 8.4) comprising immuno-dominant regions of diverse Trypanosoma cruzi antigens showed excellent diagnostic performance in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Considering that next-generation platforms offer improved CD diagnostic accuracy with different T. cruzi -specific r
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31

Favaloro, Emmanuel J., Nick Moraitis, Jerry Koutts, Thomas Exner, and Kenneth F. Bradstock. "Endothelial Cells and Normal Circulating Haemopoietic Cells Share a Number of Surface Antigens." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 61, no. 02 (1989): 217–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1646562.

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SummaryHuman endothelial cells, cultured from umbilical cord veins, have been evaluated for expression of a large number of cell surface antigens with known haemopoietic, particularly myeloid, cell distribution. This was achieved by evaluating endothelial reactivity (using non-fixed cells) with groups of monoclonal antibodies (MAB) belonging to distinct Clusters of Differentiation (CD), as defined by the Third International Workshop on Leukocyte Differentiation Antigens (ILWS). Results indicate that many antigens known to be present on haemopoietic cells, including those on platelets, are co-e
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Furue, Masutaka, and Yasumasa Ishibashi. "Differential localization of CD]a, CD]b, CD]c antigens in normal human skin." Journal of Dermatological Science 2, no. 3 (May 1991): 241. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0923-1811(91)90198-7.

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33

Escribano, Luis, Beatriz Díaz-Agustín, Rosa Núñez, Aranzazu Prados, Ramón Rodríguez, and Alberto Orfao. "Abnormal Expression of CD Antigens in Mastocytosis." International Archives of Allergy and Immunology 127, no. 2 (2002): 127–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000048183.

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34

Razim, Agnieszka, Sabina Górska, and Andrzej Gamian. "Non-Toxin-Based Clostridioides difficile Vaccination Approaches." Pathogens 12, no. 2 (February 2, 2023): 235. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12020235.

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Clostridioides difficile (CD) is a Gram-positive, anaerobic bacterium that infects mainly hospitalized and elderly people who have been treated with long-term antibiotic therapy leading to dysbiosis. The deteriorating demographic structure and the increase in the number of antibiotics used indicate that the problem of CD infections (CDI) will continue to increase. Thus far, there is no vaccine against CD on the market. Unfortunately, clinical trials conducted using the CD toxin-based antigens did not show sufficiently high efficacy, because they did not prevent colonization and transmission be
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35

Santos, Emily F., Ramona T. Daltro, Carlos G. Regis-Silva, Tycha B. S. Pavan, Fabrícia A. de Oliveira, Ângela M. da Silva, Roque P. Almeida, et al. "Assessment of Cross-Reactivity of Chimeric Trypanosoma cruzi Antigens with Crithidia sp. LVH-60A: Implications for Accurate Diagnostics." Diagnostics 13, no. 22 (November 17, 2023): 3470. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13223470.

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This study focuses on developing accurate immunoassays for diagnosing Chagas disease (CD), a challenging task due to antigenic similarities between Trypanosoma cruzi and other parasites, leading to cross-reactivity. To address this challenge, chimeric recombinant T. cruzi antigens (IBMP-8.1, IBMP-8.2, IBMP-8.3, and IBMP-8.4) were synthesized to enhance specificity and reduce cross-reactivity in tests. While these antigens showed minimal cross-reactivity with leishmaniasis, their performance with other trypanosomatid infections was unclear. This study aimed to assess the diagnostic potential of
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36

Hundorfean, Gheorghe, Klaus-Peter Zimmer, Stephan Strobel, Andreas Gebert, Diether Ludwig, and Jürgen Büning. "Luminal antigens access late endosomes of intestinal epithelial cells enriched in MHC I and MHC II molecules: in vivo study in Crohn's ileitis." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 293, no. 4 (October 2007): G798—G808. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.00135.2007.

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In contrast to healthy conditions, intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) stimulate proinflammatory CD4+and CD8+T cells during Crohn's disease (CD). The underlying regulatory mechanisms remain unknown. Here we investigated the epithelial expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) I and MHC II and its interference with endocytic pathways, in vivo. During ileoscopy, ovalbumin (OVA) was sprayed onto ileal mucosa of CD patients (ileitis and remission) and controls. The epithelial traffic of OVA and MHC I/II pathways were studied in biopsies using fluorescence and electron microscopy. We foun
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Zola, Heddy. "Human leukocyte differentiation antigens as therapeutic targets: the CD molecules and CD antibodies." Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy 1, no. 3 (May 2001): 375–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1517/14712598.1.3.375.

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38

Kumar, S., T. Lutteke, and R. Schwartz-Albiez. "GlycoCD: a repository for carbohydrate-related CD antigens." Bioinformatics 28, no. 19 (July 30, 2012): 2553–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/bts481.

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39

Daltro, Ramona Tavares, Emily Ferreira Santos, Ângelo Antônio Oliveira Silva, Natália Erdens Maron Freitas, Leonardo Maia Leony, Larissa Carvalho Medrado Vasconcelos, Alejandro Ostermayer Luquetti, et al. "Western blot using Trypanosoma cruzi chimeric recombinant proteins for the serodiagnosis of chronic Chagas disease: A proof-of-concept study." PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 16, no. 11 (November 28, 2022): e0010944. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0010944.

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Background Chagas disease (CD) is caused by Trypanosoma cruzi. The chronic phase of CD is characterized by the presence of IgG anti-T. cruzi antibodies; and diagnosis is performed by serological methods. Because there is no realible test that can be used as a reference test, WHO recommends the parallel use of two different tests for CD serodiagnosis. If results are inconclusive, samples should be subjected to a confirmatory test, e.g., Western blot (WB) or PCR. PCR offers low sensitivity in the chronic phase, whereas few confirmatory tests based on the WB method are commercially available worl
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40

Shaw, Stephen. "Leukocyte differentiation antigens how to keep up with the litany of CD antigens." Human Immunology 41, no. 2 (October 1994): 103–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0198-8859(94)90001-9.

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Chen, Huan-Yuan, Jun Yang, Ahmet Bora Inceoglu, Li-Chieh Wang, Lan Yu, Bruce Hammock, and Fu-Tong Liu. "Identification and analysis of lipid mediators in a mouse model of allergic contact dermatitis (163.9)." Journal of Immunology 186, no. 1_Supplement (April 1, 2011): 163.9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.186.supp.163.9.

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Abstract Allergic contact dermatitis (CD) is a type of inflammatory skin disease resulting from delayed-typed hypersensitivity to haptenic antigens. The antigens are presented to T cells by dendritic cells in the skin and result in activation and recruitment of other immune cells to the skin. The inflammatory response is frequently accompanied by production of metabolic mediators. Here we sought to identify mediators involved in allergic CD by using a mouse model. C57BL/6 mice were sensitized with dinitrofluorobenzene or oxazolone and challenged with the same antigen on the ear. The treated ea
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42

Lai, Lily, Noosheen Alaverdi, Lois Maltais, and Herbert C. Morse. "Mouse Cell Surface Antigens: Nomenclature and Immunophenotyping." Journal of Immunology 160, no. 8 (April 15, 1998): 3861–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.160.8.3861.

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Abstract This paper reviews cell surface Ags expressed on mouse hemopoietic and nonhemopoietic cells. The review will cover molecules included in the cluster of differentiation (CD) from CD1 to CD166 and lymphocyte Ag (Ly) series from Ly-1 to Ly-81 as well as some new Ags without current CD or Ly assignments. In addition to an update on mouse nomenclature, there will be a discussion of some known functions of the molecules and brief comments on the use of particular Ags for immunophenotyping of cell subsets. Several novel markers mentioned may prove useful in mouse immunology research.
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43

Bonamico, M., P. Mariani, M. C. Mazzilli, P. Triglione, P. Lionetti, P. Ferrante, A. Picarelli, A. Mesturino, G. Gemme, and C. Imperato. "Frequency and Clinical Pattern of Celiac Disease Among Siblings of Celiac Children." Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 23, no. 2 (August 1996): 159–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1536-4801.1996.tb00321.x.

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SummaryTo investigate the prevalence and clinical and genetic patterns of celiac disease (CD) among siblings of CD patients, 103 siblings and one twin of 80 celiac children were evaluated by means of their clinical history, physical examination, blood indices of nutritional status, and antigliadin antibodies (AGA). Antiendomysium antibody (AEA) levels were determined in 70 patients and 85 subjects were human leucocyte antigen (HLA) typed. On the basis of clinical or laboratory data or both, 21 siblings (20.2%) were submitted to intestinal biopsy, whereas intestinal biopsy in six siblings with
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44

Vojvodic, Svetlana, and Dusica Ademovic-Sazdanic. "HLA II class antigens and susceptibility to coeliac disease." Genetika 43, no. 3 (2011): 517–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gensr1103517v.

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Coeliac disease (CD) is a systemic autoimmune, complex and multifactorial disorder, which is caused by interactions between genetic and environmental factors. The only established genetic risk factors so far are the human leucocyte antigens. The aim of this study was to assess the distribution of II class human leukocyte antigens (HLA) in patients with coeliac disease and to investigate the susceptibility to coeliac disease in family members. We typed HLA DR and DQ antigens in 37 patients from Vojvodina with coeliac disease, 23 first-degree relatives, and 210 controls, serologically using stan
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Celedon, Paola Alejandra Fiorani, Leonardo Maia Leony, Ueriton Dias Oliveira, Natália Erdens Maron Freitas, Ângelo Antônio Oliveira Silva, Ramona Tavares Daltro, Emily Ferreira Santos, Marco Aurélio Krieger, Nilson Ivo Tonin Zanchin, and Fred Luciano Neves Santos. "Stability Assessment of Four Chimeric Proteins for Human Chagas Disease Immunodiagnosis." Biosensors 11, no. 8 (August 22, 2021): 289. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios11080289.

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The performance of an immunoassay relies on antigen-antibody interaction; hence, antigen chemical stability and structural integrity are paramount for an efficient assay. We conducted a functional, thermostability and long-term stability analysis of different chimeric antigens (IBMP), in order to assess effects of adverse conditions on four antigens employed in ELISA to diagnose Chagas disease. ELISA-based immunoassays have served as a model for biosensors development, as both assess molecular interactions. To evaluate thermostability, samples were heated and cooled to verify heat-induced dena
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46

Becker, Pablo D., Gustavo M. Bertot, David Souss, Thomas Ebensen, Carlos A. Guzmán, and Saúl Grinstein. "Intranasal Vaccination with Recombinant Outer Membrane Protein CD and Adamantylamide Dipeptide as the Mucosal Adjuvant Enhances Pulmonary Clearance of Moraxella catarrhalis in an Experimental Murine Model." Infection and Immunity 75, no. 4 (November 13, 2006): 1778–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.01081-06.

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ABSTRACT Moraxella catarrhalis causes acute otitis media in children and lower respiratory tract infections in adults and elderly. In children the presence of antibodies against the highly conserved outer membrane protein CD correlates with protection against infection, suggesting that this protein may be useful as a vaccine antigen. However, native CD is difficult to purify, and it is still unclear if recombinant CD (rCD) is a valid alternative. We performed a side-by-side comparison of the immunogenicities and efficacies of vaccine formulations containing native CD and rCD with adamantylamid
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47

Srinivasan, Bharani, Margit Focke-Tejkl, Ines Swoboda, Claudia Constantin, Irene Mittermann, Sandra Pahr, Harald Vogelsang, Wolf-Dietrich Huber, and Rudolf Valenta. "Molecular characterization of wheat antigens involved in celiac disease (71.13)." Journal of Immunology 188, no. 1_Supplement (May 1, 2012): 71.13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.188.supp.71.13.

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Abstract Wheat gliadins trigger a hypersensitive immune response in genetically susceptible individuals causing celiac disease (CD). The small intestinal mucosa of CD patients is characterised by presence of numerous infiltrating CD4+ T cells. These T cells proliferate and secrete IFN-γ when stimulated with gliadin extracts and are implicated in the mucosal damage and production of anti-gliadin antibodies. Peptide sequences in the Pro(P) and Glub(Q) rich regions of gliadins are known to be T cell-stimulatory but due to the heterogeneity of gliadin sequences, several potential stimulatory epito
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48

Brandt, Sven, Krystin Krauel, Kay E. Gottschalk, Thomas Renné, Christiane A. Helm, Andreas Greinacher, and Stephan Block. "Characterisation of the conformational changes in platelet factor 4 induced by polyanions: towards in vitro prediction of antigenicity." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 112, no. 07 (2014): 53–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1160/th13-08-0634.

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SummaryHeparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is the most frequent drug-induced immune reaction affecting blood cells. Its antigen is formed when the chemokine platelet factor 4 (PF4) complexes with polyanions. By assessing polyanions of varying length and degree of sulfation using immunoassay and circular dichroism (CD)-spectroscopy, we show that PF4 structural changes resulting in antiparallel β-sheet content &gt;30% make PF4/polyanion complexes antigenic. Further, we found that polyphosphates (polyP-55) induce antigenic changes on PF4, whereas fondaparinux does not. We provide a model sugge
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49

Singer, JW, P. Charbord, A. Keating, J. Nemunaitis, G. Raugi, TN Wight, JA Lopez, GJ Roth, LW Dow, and PJ Fialkow. "Simian virus 40-transformed adherent cells from human long-term marrow cultures: cloned cell lines produce cells with stromal and hematopoietic characteristics." Blood 70, no. 2 (August 1, 1987): 464–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v70.2.464.464.

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Abstract Adherent cells from long-term marrow cultures from 23 individuals were transformed with wild-type simian virus 40 (SV40). After transformation, cloned cell lines were developed that even after rigorous subcloning invariably produced both stromal cells and round cells. The stromal cells expressed cytoskeletal filaments similar to those of long-term marrow culture adherent cells and produced interstitial and basal lamina collagen types. The round cells had the electron microscopic appearance of primitive hematopoietic cells and when examined with cytochemical stains and monoclonal antib
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50

Singer, JW, P. Charbord, A. Keating, J. Nemunaitis, G. Raugi, TN Wight, JA Lopez, GJ Roth, LW Dow, and PJ Fialkow. "Simian virus 40-transformed adherent cells from human long-term marrow cultures: cloned cell lines produce cells with stromal and hematopoietic characteristics." Blood 70, no. 2 (August 1, 1987): 464–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v70.2.464.bloodjournal702464.

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Abstract:
Adherent cells from long-term marrow cultures from 23 individuals were transformed with wild-type simian virus 40 (SV40). After transformation, cloned cell lines were developed that even after rigorous subcloning invariably produced both stromal cells and round cells. The stromal cells expressed cytoskeletal filaments similar to those of long-term marrow culture adherent cells and produced interstitial and basal lamina collagen types. The round cells had the electron microscopic appearance of primitive hematopoietic cells and when examined with cytochemical stains and monoclonal antibodies to
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