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Journal articles on the topic 'CD20 antibodies'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 11 March 2023

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Galtseva, I. V., Yu A. Tsoy, A. E. Grachev, et al. "Multicolor flow cytometry in the diagnosis of Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia." Oncohematology 20, no. 1 (2025): 128–38. https://doi.org/10.17650/1818-8346-2025-20-1-128-138.

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Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia is a lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma, the morphological substrates of which are b‑lymphocytes, proplasmocytes, and plasma cells. The world Health Organization recommends multicolor flow cytometry with analysis of markers such as IgM, Cd19, Cd20, Cd22, Cd25, Cd10, Cd23, Cd103, Cd138, for diagnosing this disease. Based on international and our own experience, we recommend that tumor b‑lymphocytes and plasma cells be analyzed separately for the diagnosis of waldenstrom macroglobulinemia, since the immunophenotypic profile of these populations differs. In diagnostics, this

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2

Fuh, Franklin, Reina Fuji, Kirsten A. Poon, et al. "Pharmacodynamic Effects of Administration of Maytansine Conjugated Anti-CD22 Monoclonal Antibodies to Cynomolgus Monkeys." Blood 112, no. 11 (2008): 4996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v112.11.4996.4996.

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Abstract CD22 is a B cell-specific glycoprotein expressed on the cell surface of all mature B cells. A candidate therapeutic anti-CD22 antibody, 10F4v3, was conjugated to the anti-mitotic agent maytansine (10F4v3-DM1). DM1 disrupts cellular mitosis through inhibition of tubulin polymerization when internalized into cells. The anti-CD22 DM1 conjugate was shown to have significant potency in preclinical efficacy models of NHL. In order to further characterize this antibody-drug conjugate in preclinical studies, we first evaluated the binding characteristics of the 10F4v3 to peripheral blood B ce

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Duperray, C., J. M. Boiron, C. Boucheix, et al. "The CD24 antigen discriminates between pre-B and B cells in human bone marrow." Journal of Immunology 145, no. 11 (1990): 3678–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.145.11.3678.

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Abstract When bone marrow (BM) lymphoid cells from 12 adult healthy donors were labeled by CD24 antibodies and analyzed by flow cytometry, two positive populations of cells were demonstrated in each sample (by a separated bimodal specific immunofluorescence). One population had intermediate CD24-Ag density (termed CD24+ cells) whereas the other had high CD24-Ag density (termed CD24(2+) cells). CD24+ cells represented 5.8 +/- 2.7% of the total lymphoid BM cells and CD24(2+) cells 5.6 +/- 2.5%. Using dual fluorescence analysis on eight samples, all CD24+ cells expressed the CD21 and CD37 mature

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4

Rymkiewicz, Grzegorz, Renata Woroniecka, Katarzyna Blachnio, Barbara Pienkowska-Grela, and Jan Walewski. "Flow Cytometry and Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization Are Methods of Choice for Routine Diagnosis of Mantle Cell Lymphoma." Blood 106, no. 11 (2005): 4659. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v106.11.4659.4659.

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Abstract Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a distinct clinicopathologic entity, characterized by expansion of lymphocytes with co-expression of CD5 and CD20 and frequent t(11;14) translocation. MCL and its morphological variants are frequently confused with other lymphoma subtypes. The aim of this study was to analyze a contribution of histopathology (HP), immunohistochemistry (IHC), flow cytometry (FCM) and cytogenetic analysis with fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to ultimate diagnosis of MCL. We identified 66 pts diagnosed with MCL either by use of HP/IHC or/and FCM. Initial diagnosis

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Lones, Mark, and Ivan Kirov. "Cell Surface Targets for Monoclonal Antibody Therapy in Lymphoid Neoplasms of Children and Adolescents." Blood 104, no. 11 (2004): 4544. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v104.11.4544.4544.

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Abstract Recently, monoclonal antibodies have become available for treatment of lymphoid neoplasms in adults, but have not been studied in children and adolescents. These monoclonal antibodies are directed against cell surface antigens CD20 (Rituximab, Ibritumomab-Tiuxetan, Tositumomab), CD22 (Epratuzumab), CD52 (CAMPATH-1H), HLA-DR Beta-chain (Hu1D10), CD23 (IDEC-152), and CD33 (Gemtuzumab Ozogamicin). The objective of this study is to identify cell surface targets eligible for monoclonal antibody therapy in lymphoid neoplasms of children and adolescents. This is a retrospective analysis of l

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Paiva, Aldair Sousa, Alessandra Suelen Jardim Silva, Victor lima Soares, et al. "Importance of Flow Cytometry in the Differential Diagnosis of Hairy Cell Leukemia in the State of Rio Grande Do Norte, Brazil." Blood 136, Supplement 1 (2020): 14–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2020-143225.

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Introduction:Hairy Cell Leukemia (HCL) is a B-cell non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma (B-NHL) representing about 2% of chronic leukemias, is manifested in adults with an average age of 55 years old or more and the ratio of male: female is 5:1, being more common among white people. It is characterized by the presence of neoplastic lymphocytes with cytoplasmic projections (villous cells), a characteristic commonly observed in other DLPCs such as variant HCL (HCL-v) and splenic villous cell lymphoma (SVCL), being the immunophenotyping by flow cytometry determinant in the differential diagnosis of these neopl

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Geisler, CH, JK Larsen, NE Hansen, et al. "Prognostic importance of flow cytometric immunophenotyping of 540 consecutive patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia." Blood 78, no. 7 (1991): 1795–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v78.7.1795.1795.

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Abstract Blood mononuclear cells from 540 newly diagnosed, unselected patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) were examined by immunofluorescence flow cytometry for a panel of surface membrane markers, including IgM and IgD, the monoclonal antibodies anti-CD3, -5, -20, -21, -22, -FMC7, and, for the final 125 patients, anti-CD23. There were 503 CD5+ and 37 CD5- cases. In the CD5+ cases, the cells typically expressed IgM, IgD, CD20, CD21, CD22, and CD23. In univariate analysis, age, clinical stage, IgM-fluorescence intensity, CD23, and FMC7 had significant prognostic importance,

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8

Geisler, CH, JK Larsen, NE Hansen, et al. "Prognostic importance of flow cytometric immunophenotyping of 540 consecutive patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia." Blood 78, no. 7 (1991): 1795–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v78.7.1795.bloodjournal7871795.

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Blood mononuclear cells from 540 newly diagnosed, unselected patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) were examined by immunofluorescence flow cytometry for a panel of surface membrane markers, including IgM and IgD, the monoclonal antibodies anti-CD3, -5, -20, -21, -22, -FMC7, and, for the final 125 patients, anti-CD23. There were 503 CD5+ and 37 CD5- cases. In the CD5+ cases, the cells typically expressed IgM, IgD, CD20, CD21, CD22, and CD23. In univariate analysis, age, clinical stage, IgM-fluorescence intensity, CD23, and FMC7 had significant prognostic importance, with high

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Weitzman, James, Monica Betancur, Laurent Boissel, Arthur P. Rabinowitz, and Hans Klingemann. "Variable Contribution of Different Monocloncal Antibodies to NK Cell-Mediated ADCC Against Primary CLL Cells." Blood 110, no. 11 (2007): 4715. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v110.11.4715.4715.

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Abstract Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) is characterized by the expression of the B-cell antigens CD19, 20 and 22, along with CD5 and CD23. These antigens make the malignant cells an ideal target for monoclonal antibody (mAb) therapy. Although the mechanism of action of mAbs is complex and not fully understood, one well-described action is antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). Binding of mAb to its target surface antigen initiates cytotoxicity through the interaction of the Fc portion of the mAb with the Fc receptor (FcR) on natural killer (NK) cells. This triggers release of pe

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Qu, Zhengxing, David M. Goldenberg, Thomas M. Cardillo, Victoria Shi, Hans J. Hansen, and Chien-Hsing Chang. "Bispecific anti-CD20/22 antibodies inhibit B-cell lymphoma proliferation by a unique mechanism of action." Blood 111, no. 4 (2008): 2211–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2007-08-110072.

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Combination immunotherapy with anti-CD20 and anti-CD22 mAbs shows promising activity in non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Therefore, bispecific mAbs (bsAbs) were recombinantly constructed from veltuzumab (humanized anti-CD20) and epratuzumab (humanized anti-CD22) and evaluated in vitro and in vivo. While none of the parental mAbs alone or mixed had notable antiproliferative activity against Burkitt lymphoma cells when not cross-linked, the bsAbs [eg, anti-CD20 IgG-anti–CD22 (scFv)2] were inhibitory without cross-linking and synergistic with B-cell antigen (BCR)-mediated inhibition. The bsAbs demonstrated

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Chuksina, J. J., E. V. Kataeva, and T. A. Mitina. "Features of immunophenotypic finding B-cell lymphoproliferative diseases by flow cytometry." Kazan medical journal 101, no. 1 (2020): 145–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kmj2020-145.

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Aim. To assess the information content of conventional and additional immunophenotypic markers (CD200, CD305) in the differential diagnosis B-cell lymphoproliferative diseases by flow cytometry. Methods. An immunophenotypic study using 4-color flow cytometry was performed in 204 patients with different variants of B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. The study material included peripheral blood and bone marrow. The expression of CD45, CD19, CD20, CD22, CD79b, CD79a, CD5, CD10, CD23, FMC7, CD43, CD38, CD11c, CD103, CD25, CD 200, CD 305, light chains of immunoglobulins (kappa/lambda) using mono

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12

Paietta, Elisabeth, Xiaochun Li, Sue Richards, et al. "Implications for the Use of Monoclonal Antibodies in Future Adult ALL Trials: Analysis of Antigen Expression in 505 B-Lineage (B-Lin) ALL Patients (pts) on the MRC UKALLXII/ECOG2993 Intergroup Trial." Blood 112, no. 11 (2008): 1907. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v112.11.1907.1907.

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Abstract MRC UKALLXII/ECOG2993 accrued 739 ECOG pts over 13 years. ECOG’s reference laboratories centrally characterized 613 (91%) and 505 were B-Lin ALLs. Expression of 32 antigens (Ags), including 9 myeloid-associated Ags, was determined by multiparameter flow cytometry on gated blasts, both as percentage of Ag expressing blasts and intensity of antibody staining (equivalent of Ag density). To test for the potential therapeutic efficacy of monoclonal antibodies, such as rituximab, epratuzumab, alemtuzumab, or gemtuzumab in future trials, expression of Ags for these antibodies (CD20, CD22, CD

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13

Jabbour, Elias, Susan O’Brien, Farhad Ravandi, and Hagop Kantarjian. "Monoclonal antibodies in acute lymphoblastic leukemia." Blood 125, no. 26 (2015): 4010–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2014-08-596403.

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Abstract With modern intensive combination polychemotherapy, the complete response (CR) rate in adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is 80% to 90%, and the cure rate is 40% to 50%. Hence, there is a need to develop effective salvage therapies and combine novel agents with standard effective chemotherapy. ALL leukemic cells express several surface antigens amenable to target therapies, including CD20, CD22, and CD19. Monoclonal antibodies target these leukemic surface antigens selectively and minimize off-target toxicity. When added to frontline chemotherapy, rituximab, an antibody di

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Parovichnikova, E. N., E. V. Naumova, V. N. Dvirnyk, et al. "Interlaboratory consensus on the immunophenotypic diagnosis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia: Recommendations for the preparation of cytometric study reports and the selection of panels of monoclonal antibodies." Russian journal of hematology and transfusiology 70, no. 1 (2025): 114–27. https://doi.org/10.35754/0234-5730-2025-70-1-114-127.

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Introduction. Immunophenotyping is a key diagnostic method for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), the most common lymphoproliferative disorder (LPD) in middle-aged and elderly individuals. Given the high prevalence of CLL, there is a need to standardize approaches to its immunophenotypic diagnosis, including the development of standardized panels of monoclonal antibodies, recommendations for sample preparation, and the formulation of reports to improve diagnostic accuracy.Aim: to develop a unified laboratory report form and a standardized approach to using the necessary and sufficient combina

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15

Amu, Sylvie, and Mikael Brisslert. "Phenotype and Function of CD25-Expressing B Lymphocytes Isolated from Human Umbilical Cord Blood." Clinical and Developmental Immunology 2011 (2011): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/481948.

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Background. We have shown that approximately 30% of human peripheral blood B-cells express CD25. B cells expressing CD25 display a mature phenotype belonging to the memory B-cell population and have a better proliferative and antigen-presenting capacity. The aim of the present study was to characterize the CD25-expressing subset of B cells in human cord blood.Material and Methods. Mononuclear cell fraction from human cord blood (n=34) and peripheral adult blood (n=22) was sorted into CD20+CD25+and CD20+CD25-B-cell populations. Phenotype and function of these B-cell populations were compared us

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Loken, MR, VO Shah, KL Dattilio, and CI Civin. "Flow cytometric analysis of human bone marrow. II. Normal B lymphocyte development." Blood 70, no. 5 (1987): 1316–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v70.5.1316.1316.

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Abstract A panel of B lymphoid-reactive monoclonal antibodies was used to analyze the phenotypic changes that accompany B lymphocyte development in normal human bone marrow. The B lymphoid cells were identified using light scattering and the expression of CD19 on a flow cytometer. Quantitative three-color immunofluorescence was then used to correlate other cell surface antigens on these cells identified as B lymphoid in normal marrow. CD10 and CD20 identified almost exclusive populations and provided a convenient means of discriminating between the less and more mature B lineage cells. The CD1

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Loken, MR, VO Shah, KL Dattilio, and CI Civin. "Flow cytometric analysis of human bone marrow. II. Normal B lymphocyte development." Blood 70, no. 5 (1987): 1316–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v70.5.1316.bloodjournal7051316.

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A panel of B lymphoid-reactive monoclonal antibodies was used to analyze the phenotypic changes that accompany B lymphocyte development in normal human bone marrow. The B lymphoid cells were identified using light scattering and the expression of CD19 on a flow cytometer. Quantitative three-color immunofluorescence was then used to correlate other cell surface antigens on these cells identified as B lymphoid in normal marrow. CD10 and CD20 identified almost exclusive populations and provided a convenient means of discriminating between the less and more mature B lineage cells. The CD10+ cells

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18

Paiva, Aldair Sousa, Alessandra Suelen Jardim Silva, Lenilton Silva DA Silva Júnior, et al. "Importance of Flow Cytometry in the Immunophenotyping Characterization of Mantle Cell Lymphoma in State of Rio Grande Do Norte, Brazil." Blood 136, Supplement 1 (2020): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2020-143328.

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Introduction:Mantle Cell Lymphoma (MCL) is a disease of a neoplastic nature characterized by proliferation in lymphoid tissues, classified as non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of B lymphocytes (NHBL). The nomenclature derives from the specific pathophysiology of this disease, that proliferates in the marginal area of the mantle of the germinal center of the lymph nodes.Objective:Carry out a detailed assessment of the immunophenotypic profile using the flow cytometry (CF) technique in 26 patients, NHBL to confirm mantle lymphoma.Materials and Methods:Biological samples from 26 patients, these being from p

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Kusakabe, Manabu, Guillermo Simkin, Justin Meskas, et al. "Single Cell Mass Cytometry for Phenotypic Analysis of Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma." Blood 124, no. 21 (2014): 2976. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v124.21.2976.2976.

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Abstract Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common histologic subtype of non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL). Despite its improved outcome with R-CHOP chemotherapy, 40% of patients still suffer with relapsed or refractory disease. Further investigation is needed to understand the complexity of DLBCL. Time-of-flight mass cytometry (CyTOF) is a recently developed technology that combines traditional flow cytometry with mass spectrometry and supports analysis of up to 30-40 parameters simultaneously at the single cell level with minimal spectral overlap (Bendall et al, Science 2011). In thi

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Jiao, Cheng, and P. A. Zeynalova. "Prognostically significant bone marrow cellular content changes in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma." Russian Journal of Biotherapy 17, no. 4 (2019): 58–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.17650/1726-9784-2018-17-4-58-63.

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Introduction. Increasing of blast cell percentage in bone marrow of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patients is a sign of unfavourable prognosis. We estimated the frequency of this phenomenon and made attempts to idenify minimal bone marrow involvement in DLBCL by flow cytometry.Materials and methods. Study has been done in 60 DLBCL patients. Diagnosis in all cases was done according to WHO (2008) criteria. Bone marrow study was done on smears (myelogram). Immunophenotypic study was done with a large panel of B-lineage monoclonal antibodies as well as kappa and lambda light chains to membrane im

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Turaj, Anna H., Vikki L. Field, Claude H. T. Chan, et al. "Anti-CD27 Enhances Lymphoma Immunotherapy through Profound Myeloid Cell Recruitment." Blood 128, no. 22 (2016): 3024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v128.22.3024.3024.

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Abstract Direct-targeting monoclonal antibodies (mAb) such as anti-CD20 mAb are thought to elicit their anti-tumor function through antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP) mediated by myeloid cells (monocytes and macrophages), with little involvement of T cells. In contrast, immunomodulatory mAbs to TNFR superfamily members, CD27, OX40 and CD137, function by augmenting T-cell responses. We examined the therapeutic potential of combining anti-CD20 mAb with a panel of immunomodulatory mAbs (OX40, CD137, CD27, TIGIT, GITR, CTLA4, PD-1). In the syngeneic BCL1 B-cell lymphoma mouse model on

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Escribano, Luis, Alberto Orfao, Jesús Villarrubia, et al. "Immunophenotypic Characterization of Human Bone Marrow Mast Cells. A Flow Cytometric Study of Normal and Pathological Bone Marrow Samples." Analytical Cellular Pathology 16, no. 3 (1998): 151–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1998/341340.

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The goal of the present paper was to define the immunophenotype of bone marrow mast cells (BMMC) from healthy controls and patients with hematologic malignancies (HM) based on the use of multiple stainings with monoclonal antibodies analyzed by flow cytometry. Our results show that BMMC from both groups of individuals display a similar but heterogenous immunophenotype. The overall numbers of BMMC are higher in the HM group of individuals (p= 0.08). Three patterns of antigen expression were detected: (1) markers constantly positive in all cases analyzed (CD9, CD29, CD33, CD43, CD44, CD49d, CD49

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Chang, Chien-Hsing, Edmund A. Rossi, and David M. Goldenberg. "Monoclonal antibodies targeting CD20." mAbs 5, no. 3 (2013): 335–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4161/mabs.24106.

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Mishima, Yuji, Yasuhito Terui, Kengo Takeuchi, Yuko Mishima, and Kiyohiko Hatake. "Characterization of Mechanisms for Acquiring Resistant Phenotype Using a Novel Screening Strategy for Detecting Rituximab-Resistant Mutations." Blood 120, no. 21 (2012): 1550. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v120.21.1550.1550.

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Abstract Abstract 1550 Background: We previously reported that mutations of CD20 gene were found in patients with B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and we proposed that C-terminal deletion mutations of CD20 might be involved in relapse/resistance after rituximab containing therapy. Most of the patients that had mutation in the C-terminal leagion were diagnosed as CD20 negative by immunohistochemistry using L26 monoclonal antibody. L26 recognizes the cytoplasmic region of CD20 molecules, but no more detailed information about its epitope had been reported. So at first we determined the binding sit

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Brauner, Jonathan, Ingrid Beukinga, Zoulikha Amraoui, Zaina Kassengera, Michel Toungouz, and Olivier Pradier. "Flow Cytometry Primary 10 Colours Panel for Chronic Lympho Proliferative Diseases Diagnosis." Blood 118, no. 21 (2011): 5190. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v118.21.5190.5190.

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Abstract Abstract 5190 Objectives: Definition of the primary antibodies panel for 10 colours flow cytometry able to describe normal and clonal T, B lymphocytes and plamocytes in blood and bone marrow. Once clonalities are detected, the complete characterisation of Chronic Lymphoproliferative Diseases (CLPD) is supported by secondary panels chosen based on the results of CD5/CD10 expression for clonal B lymphocytes, CD27/CD38 for plasmatocytes and CD3/CD27 for clonal T cells. Materials and Methods: Blood and bone marrow of patients (N=50) with CLPD (mainly B-CLL). Samples are enumerated by haem

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Rossi, Edmund A., Rosana Michel, Chien-Hsing Chang, and David M. Goldenberg. "Bispecific Hexavalant Antibodies With Enhanced Trogocytosis For Treatment Of Lupus." Blood 122, no. 21 (2013): 2282. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v122.21.2282.2282.

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Abstract Background The humanized anti-CD22 antibody, epratuzumab, has demonstrated therapeutic activity in clinical trials of lymphoma and autoimmune diseases (AIDs), treating currently over 1500 cases of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), acute lymphoblastic leukemias, Waldenström's macroglobulinemia, Sjögren's syndrome, and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Because epratuzumab, which is currently in worldwide Phase III registration trials for SLE, reduces on average only 35% of circulating B cells in patients, and has minimal antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and negligible complem

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Niederfellner, Gerhard J., Alfred Lammens, Manfred Schwaiger, et al. "Crystal Structure Analysis Reveals That the Novel Type II Anti-CD20 Antibody GA101 Interacts with a Similar Epitope as Rituximab and Ocrelizumab but in a Fundamentally Different Way." Blood 114, no. 22 (2009): 3726. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v114.22.3726.3726.

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Abstract Abstract 3726 Poster Board III-662 CD20 is a specific cell surface marker found on normal as well as malignant B cells. Rituximab, a monoclonal antibody directed against CD20, has a major impact on treatment of malignant lymphomas. Although all therapeutic CD20 antibodies are directed against the two relatively small extracellular loops of CD20, such antibodies can be classified into Type I CD20 antibodies like Rituximab, Ofatumumab or Ocrelizumab or Type II CD20 antibodies like the novel glycoengineered humanized CD20 antibody GA101 or the murine antibody Tositumumab. Type I and Type

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Bazinet, Alexandre, Ryan N. Rys, Claudia M. Wever, et al. "A 10-Color Flow Cytometry Panel for Both Diagnosis and Minimal Residual Disease Measurement in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia." Blood 134, Supplement_1 (2019): 5451. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2019-123904.

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Background: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) has a classic immunophenotype, consisting of light chain restriction, CD5+, CD19+, dim CD20, CD23+, CD43+, CD200+, CD10- and CD79b-. This distinguishes it from normal B cells and other lymphoproliferative disorders (LPDs). Antibodies targeting these antigens are included in two 8-color flow cytometry panels developed by the Euroflow consortium for the work up of B cell LPDs. Combining these antibodies into one 10-color panel would be more cost-effective. Furthermore, new CLL therapies can induce deep remissions, creating an increasing demand to me

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Cassano, Carlos, Swetlana Mactier, Stephen P. Mulligan, Larissa Belov, Pauline Huang, and Richard I. Christopherson. "Cladribine and Fludarabine Nucleoside Change the Levels of CD Antigens on B-Lymphoproliferative Disorders." International Journal of Proteomics 2010 (May 5, 2010): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/964251.

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The purine analogs, fludarabine nucleoside (FdA), and cladribine (CdA) (1 μM, 24 hours), significantly changed the levels of some surface antigens on the human B-cell lines MEC2 and Raji. Changes in the surface proteins were identified using a Cluster of Differentiation (CD) antibody microarray that captures live cells and confirmed by flow cytometry. For Raji cells, CdA up-regulated CD10, CD54, CD80, and CD86, with repression of CD22, while FdA up-regulated CD20, CD54, CD80, CD86 and CD95. For MEC2 cells, CdA up-regulated CD11a, CD20, CD43, CD45, CD52, CD54, CD62L, CD80, CD86, and CD95, but F

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Sapra, Puja, Gary Kikuchi, Ashwini Venkatasamy, et al. "Preclinical Pharmacology and Toxicology of Humanized Anti-B-Cell Antibodies (Anti-CD22 and Anti-CD20) in Cynomolgus Monkeys (CM)." Blood 106, no. 11 (2005): 1471. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v106.11.1471.1471.

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Abstract hLL2 (epratuzumab) and hA20 are humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) recognizing B-cell antigens, CD22 and CD20, respectively. CD22 and CD20 are expressed at all stages of B-cell development, except progenitor stem cells and plasma cells. Both hLL2 and hA20 have shown promising clinical activity in patients with non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas (NHL). Further, hLL2 has demonstrated clinical efficacy in patients with autoimmune diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus and Sjögren’s syndrome. Here, we discuss preclinical toxicology studies and compare the pharmacodynamics (PD) and

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Mehta, Amit Kumar, Ruby Tandon, Anil Pahuja, et al. "Abstract 6409: A multiparametric flow cytometry assay to monitor regeneration of B-cells following anti B-cell therapy in cancer and autoimmune patients." Cancer Research 84, no. 6_Supplement (2024): 6409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2024-6409.

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Abstract Purpose Functional dysregulation of B-cells leads to a variety of autoimmune disorders and blood cancers. Multiple B-cell depleting therapies (e.g., BTK inhibitors, antibodies or CAR-Ts) are currently in active clinical trial investigation. Following therapeutic elimination of pathogenic B-cells, it is critical to monitor the productive regeneration of fully functional B-cells as they mediate innate and adaptive immune responses. To this end, we developed a multiparametric flow cytometry assay for exquisite monitoring of early stages of B cell development, maturation, and antibody pro

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Niederfellner, Gerhard, Alfred Lammens, Olaf Mundigl, et al. "Epitope characterization and crystal structure of GA101 provide insights into the molecular basis for type I/II distinction of CD20 antibodies." Blood 118, no. 2 (2011): 358–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2010-09-305847.

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Abstract CD20 is a cell-surface marker of normal and malignant B cells. Rituximab, a monoclonal antibody targeting CD20, has improved the treatment of malignant lymphomas. Therapeutic CD20 antibodies are classified as either type I or II based on different mechanisms of killing malignant B cells. To reveal the molecular basis of this distinction, we fine-mapped the epitopes recognized by both types. We also determined the first X-ray structure of a type II antibody by crystallizing the obinutuzumab (GA101) Fab fragment alone and in complex with a CD20 cyclopeptide. Despite recognizing an overl

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Nalivaiko, Kristina, Martin Hofmann, Ludger Grosse-Hovest, et al. "Inhibition of Antibody Production in Vitro with Bispecific CD20 X CD95 Antibodies." Blood 118, no. 21 (2011): 1114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v118.21.1114.1114.

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Abstract Abstract 1114 Antibodies directed against the B-cell associated CD20 surface antigen can target normal as well as malignant B cells. They are sucessfully used for the treatment of B-cell derived leukemia and lymphoma and antibody mediated autoimmune disease, respectively. We have previously described that bispecific antibodies with specificity for CD20 and the death receptor CD95 are capable of inducing CD95 mediated apoptosis selectively in CD20-positive lymphoma cells. We now show that CD20 X CD95 hybrid antibodies induce apoptosis in pokeweed mitogen (PWM) activated B cells express

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Rossi, Edmund A., Chien-Hsing Chang, Thomas M. Cardillo, et al. "Bispecific Anti-CD20/Anti-CD22 Antibodies with Potent Lymphoma Cytotoxicity." Blood 112, no. 11 (2008): 1591. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v112.11.1591.1591.

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Abstract BACKGROUND: Multivalent bispecific antibodies (bsMAbs) have shown improved efficacy in a number of preclinical studies. We made a pair of hexavalent bsMAbs based on epratuzumab (hLL2, anti-CD22) and veltuzumab (hA20, anti-CD20) by the Dock-and-Lock (DNL) method, and compared their properties to each other and their parental MAbs. METHODS AND RESULTS: DNL is used for the site-specific and covalent assembly of modular components, and was utilized to generate stably tethered hexavalent bispecific complexes, each composed of 4 Fab fragments conjugated to an IgG at the latter’s carboxyl te

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Mason, DY, H. Stein, J. Gerdes, et al. "Value of monoclonal anti-CD22 (p135) antibodies for the detection of normal and neoplastic B lymphoid cells." Blood 69, no. 3 (1987): 836–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v69.3.836.836.

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Abstract Two monoclonal antibodies (To15 and 4KB128) specific for the B cell- associated CD22 antigen (135,000 mol wt) are described. On immunoenzymatic analysis of cryostat tissue sections, these antibodies strongly label both mantle zone and germinal center B lymphoid cells in secondary lymphoid follicles (and also scattered extrafollicular lymphoid cells) but are unreactive with other cell types (with the exception of weak reactivity with some epithelioid histiocytes). These reactions differ from those of monoclonal antibodies B1 and B2 (anti- CD20 and CD21) but are similar to those of the

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Mason, DY, H. Stein, J. Gerdes, et al. "Value of monoclonal anti-CD22 (p135) antibodies for the detection of normal and neoplastic B lymphoid cells." Blood 69, no. 3 (1987): 836–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v69.3.836.bloodjournal693836.

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Two monoclonal antibodies (To15 and 4KB128) specific for the B cell- associated CD22 antigen (135,000 mol wt) are described. On immunoenzymatic analysis of cryostat tissue sections, these antibodies strongly label both mantle zone and germinal center B lymphoid cells in secondary lymphoid follicles (and also scattered extrafollicular lymphoid cells) but are unreactive with other cell types (with the exception of weak reactivity with some epithelioid histiocytes). These reactions differ from those of monoclonal antibodies B1 and B2 (anti- CD20 and CD21) but are similar to those of the pan-B ant

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Gerasimova, E., D. Tabakov, A. Aleksankin, R. Shayakhmetova, T. Popkova, and A. Avdeeva. "AB0032 CHARACTERIZATION OF PERIPHERAL BLOOD B-CELL SUBSET IN UNTREATED PATIENTS WITH SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS AND SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 81, Suppl 1 (2022): 1150.2–1151. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.3739.

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BackgroundB-cells play a critical role in the regulation of systemic autoimmune diseases pathogenesis, that extends beyond antibodies production.ObjectivesTo examine В-cell subsets in peripheral blood of patients (pts) with untreated systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and systemic sclerosis (SSc), to analyze of their associations with disease-specific autoantibodies.MethodsThirty six untreated SLE pts (31F/5M) and 32 untreated SSc pts (25F/7M) were enrolled. SLE pts had median age of 37(range)(32-41)years, disease duration of 3.5(1-11)years, SLEDAI 2K of 7(4-8), BILAG of 14,5(10,2-23). SSc pts

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Niblock, Aaron, and S Rajendran. "Follicular Lymphoma Mimicking ‘Adenocarcinoma with Clear Cells and Signet Ring Morphology’." World Journal of Case Reports and Clinical Images 02, no. 02 (2023): 01–04. http://dx.doi.org/10.51521/wjcrci.2023.220124.

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Case Presentation 91-year-old female who presented with epigastric pain. CT showed a 13 cm mass in the right lower quadrant encasing the right colon and enlarged lymph nodes. Histology of the CT guided biopsy of the mass showed malignant tumour which was composed mainly of cells with clear, vacuolated cytoplasm and eccentric nuclei (signet-ring like). The cells were surrounded by sclerotic stroma and arranged in a nested configuration (Image 1). Morphological features of carcinoma including keratinisation and glandular differentiation were not evident. Melanin pigment in indicate melanoma was

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Mishima, Yuji, Yasuhito Terui, Yuko Mishima, and Kiyohiko Hatake. "Anti-N-Terminal CD20 Monoclonal Antibody and L26 Dual Staining Identifies An Irreversible Resistant Mutant Genes." Blood 116, no. 21 (2010): 4145. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v116.21.4145.4145.

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Abstract Abstract 4145 [Introduction] Recently, we reported that gene mutations of CD20 were involved in resistance to rituximab therapy, and we proposed that C-terminal deletion mutations of CD20 might be related to relapse/resistance after rituximab therapy. Many of these cases were diagnosed as CD20 negative by the immunohistochemical analysis using the L26 monoclonal antibody used routinely in most clinical laboratories. L26 recognizes the cytoplasmic region of CD20 molecules, but no more detailed information about its epitope had been reported. So, we could not distinguish whether protein

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Rossi, Edmund A., David M. Goldenberg, Thomas M. Cardillo, Rhona Stein, and Chien-Hsing Chang. "Hexavalent bispecific antibodies represent a new class of anticancer therapeutics: 1. Properties of anti-CD20/CD22 antibodies in lymphoma." Blood 113, no. 24 (2009): 6161–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2008-10-187138.

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Abstract The dock and lock (DNL) method is a new technology for generating multivalent antibodies. Here, we report in vitro and in vivo characterizations of 20-22 and 22-20, a pair of humanized hexavalent anti-CD20/22 bispecific antibodies (bsAbs) derived from veltuzumab (v-mab) and epratuzumab (e-mab). The 22-20 was made by site-specific conjugation of e-mab to 4 Fabs of v-mab; 20-22 is of the opposite configuration, composing v-mab and 4 Fabs of e-mab. Each bsAb translocates both CD22 and CD20 into lipid rafts, induces apoptosis and growth inhibition without second-antibody crosslinking, and

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Vilventhraraja, Emma, Tetyana Klymenko, Jennifer Edelmann, John Gribben, and Andrejs Ivanov. "Reduction of Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Leads to Enhancement of Type-II CD20-Antibody Cytotoxicity in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma." Blood 128, no. 22 (2016): 1763. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v128.22.1763.1763.

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Abstract Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most prevalent non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) in adults. Since the addition of the Type I anti-CD20 antibody Rituximab to chemotherapy, the overall survival of NHL patients has improved dramatically compared to the pre-Rituximab era. DLBCL however, has the worst survival rates out of all NHLs with an average 5-year survival of 55%. Unfortunately 40% of all DLBCL patients relapse within 2 years, and those that relapse or have refractory disease tend not to respond well to antibody-based salvage therapies. Since the discovery and utilisation of R

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Kretschmer, Anna, Stefan Lohse, Thies Rösner, et al. "CD20 Antibodies of Human IgA Isotype Mediate CDC, and ADCC By Myeloid Effector Cells." Blood 128, no. 22 (2016): 1835. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v128.22.1835.1835.

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Abstract Introduction: Three unconjugated CD20 antibodies have been approved for the treatment of lymphoma patients. All three are of human IgG1 isotype, but nevertheless they differ in their modes of action: type I antibodies (e.g. rituximab and ofatumumab) trigger effective complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC), whereas type II antibodies (e.g. obinutuzumab) are potent inducers of direct cell death, while both type I and II antibodies can induce antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). Studies in syngeneic mouse models suggest that myeloid cells are the predominant effector cell ty

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Habermann, Thomas M. "Antibody Therapy in Aggressive Lymphomas." Hematology 2007, no. 1 (2007): 257–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/asheducation-2007.1.257.

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AbstractThe aggressive lymphomas are potentially curable. The natural history of certain aggressive lymphomas has been altered by monoclonal antibody therapy. Targeted monoclonal antibody therapy to the CD20 antigen has altered the outcome of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in patients of all ages. Anti-CD20–based radioimmunoconjugates are being evaluated as radioimmunotherapy approaches in patients who have relapsed and in stem cell transplant settings. Antibody-directed therapy to the B-cell–specific antigen CD22 are ongoing. New approaches include different CD20 antibodies and a

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Gordeychuk, I. V., A. I. Tukhvatulin, S. P. Petkov, et al. "Assessment of the Parameters of Adaptive Cell-Mediated Immunity in Naïve Common Marmosets (Callithrix jacchus)." Acta Naturae 10, no. 4 (2018): 63–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.32607/20758251-2018-10-4-63-69.

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Common marmosets are small New World primates that have been increasingly used in biomedical research. This report presents efficient protocols for assessment of the parameters of adaptive cell-mediated immunity in common marmosets, including the major subpopulations of lymphocytes and main markers of T- and B-cell maturation and activation using flow cytometry with a multicolor panel of fluorescently labelled antibodies. Blood samples from eight common marmosets were stained with fluorescently labeled monoclonal antibodies against their population markers (CD45, CD3, CD20, CD4, CD8) and lymph

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Rotbain, Emelie Curovic, Mikkel Werling, Casper Møller Frederiksen, et al. "Safety of Venetoclax Ramp-up before CD20 Antibody Administration in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia." Blood 144, Supplement 1 (2024): 3243. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2024-203172.

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Introduction Venetoclax and CD20 antibodies represent a synergistic combination used for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Clinical studies have demonstrated the efficacy of this combination, highlighting its ability to achieve deep and durable responses, even in high-risk CLL populations. Despite these advances, the optimal sequencing of venetoclax and CD20 antibody administration remains an active area of investigation. Most protocols initiate treatment with CD20 antibodies to reduce tumor burden and mitigate the risk of tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) associated with venetocla

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van Oers, Marinus H. J. "CD20 antibodies: type II to tango?" Blood 119, no. 22 (2012): 5061–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2012-04-420711.

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Although the chimeric anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody (mAb) rituximab has revolutionized the treatment of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), still many patients relapse and an increasing number become refractory to rituximab-containing therapy. This has initiated intense research to develop more potent anti-CD20 antibodies.

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Kumar, Anand, Cyril Planchais, Rémi Fronzes, Hugo Mouquet, and Nicolas Reyes. "Binding mechanisms of therapeutic antibodies to human CD20." Science 369, no. 6505 (2020): 793–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.abb8008.

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Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) targeting human antigen CD20 (cluster of differentiation 20) constitute important immunotherapies for the treatment of B cell malignancies and autoimmune diseases. Type I and II therapeutic mAbs differ in B cell binding properties and cytotoxic effects, reflecting differential interaction mechanisms with CD20. Here we present 3.7- to 4.7-angstrom cryo–electron microscopy structures of full-length CD20 in complexes with prototypical type I rituximab and ofatumumab and type II obinutuzumab. The structures and binding thermodynamics demonstrate that upon binding to CD

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Qu, Zhengxing, Thomas M. Cardillo, Victoria Shi, et al. "Recombinant Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody (bsMAb) Against CD20 and CD22 Active In Vitro and In Vivo Against B-Cell Lymphomas." Blood 108, no. 11 (2006): 2521. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v108.11.2521.2521.

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Abstract Background: Preclinical and clinical results suggest improved anti-lymphoma activity of combining anti-CD20 and anti-CD22 MAbs. Our aim was to develop a recombinant bispecific MAb against CD20 and CD22 antigens, and to evaluate its anti-tumor potency compared to the parental MAbs. Methods: Tetravalent anti-CD20/CD22 bsMAb in the form of anti-CD20 IgG linked to two anti-CD22 scFv’s was prepared recombinantly. The ability of the bsMAb to inhibit cell growth and mediate CDC and ADCC was evaluated by cell-based assays. Phosphorylation and distribution of CD22 in B-lymphoma cells treated w

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Sharman, Jeff P. "Targeting CD20: teaching an old dog new tricks." Hematology 2019, no. 1 (2019): 273–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/hematology.2019000031.

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Abstract Rituximab was the first monoclonal antibody used for the treatment of a malignancy. In the 22 years since initial approval, it has become a vital component of therapy for a multitude of B-cell malignancies. Within the last several years, however, there has been a robust development of novel agents targeting CD20, including second generation anti-CD20 antibodies, biosimilar antibodies, and subcutaneous formulations that have been approved. The era of passive immunotherapy is now yielding to therapeutic approaches that actively engage the immune system. Emerging approaches leverage immu

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Niederfellner, Gerhard J., Annika Braennstroem, Frida Lindstrom, et al. "Protein Tomography Analysis Shows That CD20 Molecules Bound by Different Type I and Type II Anti-CD20 Antibodies Are Organized in Different Protein Complexes." Blood 114, no. 22 (2009): 4782. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v114.22.4782.4782.

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Abstract Abstract 4782 Ramos cells were labeled with Type I (Rituximab and Ocrelizumab) and Type II (B1/H299 and GA101) anti-CD20 antibodies and then fixed and stained with marker gold labeled 2ary antibodies. Protein complexes connected to marker gold were analyzed by Protein TomographyTM at SIDEC and the corresponding 3D-structures visualized (∼100 structures per antibody). Less than 5 % of the refined structures were dimeric. While most (60 – 90%) CD20 molecules were present in tetramers or even higher order defined complexes, a sizeable proportion was also engaged in large protein networks

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