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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'CDCL'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 9 February 2022

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1

Dupré-Maquaire, Janine. "Spectroscopie moléculaire à 10 mu m des molécules toupies symétriques CDH et CDCl spectroscopie STRAK de CDCl avec structure hyperfine." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37597851v.

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2

Leligny, Henri. "Etude des cristaux hydratés isolés dans les diagrammes CdCl-HO, CdBr-HO et CdCl-CaCl-HO structures atomiques et propriétés cristallochimiques /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37607240v.

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3

Oh, Chanseok. "Improving SAT Solvers by Exploiting Empirical Characteristics of CDCL." Thesis, New York University, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10025676.

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The Boolean Satisfiability Problem (SAT) is a canonical decision problem originally shown to be NP-complete in Cook's seminal work on the theory of computational complexity. The SAT problem is one of several computational tasks identified by researchers as core problems in computer science. The existence of an efficient decision procedure for SAT would imply P = NP. However, numerous algorithms and techniques for solving the SAT problem have been proposed in various forms in practical settings. Highly efficient solvers are now actively being used, either directly or as a core engine of a larger system, to solve real-world problems that arise from many application domains. These state-of-the-art solvers use the Davis-Putnam-Logemann-Loveland (DPLL) algorithm extended with Conflict-Driven Clause Learning (CDCL). Due to the practical importance of SAT, building a fast SAT solver can have a huge impact on current and prospective applications. The ultimate contribution of this thesis is improving the state of the art of CDCL by understanding and exploiting the empirical characteristics of how CDCL works on real-world problems. The first part of the thesis shows empirically that most of the unsatisfiable real-world problems solvable by CDCL have a refutation proof with near-constant width for the great portion of the proof. Based on this observation, the thesis provides an unconventional perspective that CDCL solvers can solve real-world problems very efficiently and often more efficiently just by maintaining a small set of certain classes of learned clauses. The next part of the thesis focuses on understanding the inherently different natures of satisfiable and unsatisfiable problems and their implications on the empirical workings of CDCL. We examine the varying degree of roles and effects of crucial elements of CDCL based on the satisfiability status of a problem. Ultimately, we propose effective techniques to exploit the new insights about the different natures of proving satisfiability and unsatisfiability to improve the state of the art of CDCL. In the last part of the thesis, we present a reference solver that incorporates all the techniques described in the thesis. The design of the presented solver emphasizes minimality in implementation while guaranteeing state-of-the-art performance. Several versions of the reference solver have demonstrated top-notch performance, earning several medals in the annual SAT competitive events. The minimal spirit of the reference solver shows that a simple CDCL framework alone can still be made competitive with state-of-the-art solvers that implement sophisticated techniques outside the CDCL framework.

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4

Scheibler, Karsten [Verfasser], and Bernd [Akademischer Betreuer] Becker. "Applying CDCL to verification and test: when laziness pays off." Freiburg : Universität, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1134967969/34.

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5

Hussain, Mursheda. "Vapor CdCl2 Processing of CdTe Solar Cells." Scholar Commons, 2004. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/1088.

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Polycrystalline CdS/CdTe thin film solar cells are among the leading candidates for low-cost, large scale terrestrial photovoltaic applications. CdTe has a high absorption coefficient and it can absorb the radiant energy within less than 2 µm of thickness. This makes it suitable for thin film applications. CdTe has a band gap of 1.45 eV at room temperature, which is nearly optimum for photovoltaic conversion efficiency under the AM 1.5 solar spectrum. The theoretical maximum efficiency for CdTe solar cells is 29%. However, to-date the experimental value is in the 16 % range. In most cases CdTe cells are subjected to a post-growth heat treatment which involves annealing in the presence of CdCl2. The treatment results in significant increases in conversion efficiency (η) and all three solar cell parameters Voc, FF, and Jsc. In this work, several variations of the CdCl2 treatment were used on more than 100 samples to investigate their effects on the solar cell parameters. A vapor CdCl2 method was applied for the treatment with various source temperatures, substrate temperatures, and treatment times. The cells were characterized by dark and light J-V and spectral response (SR) measurements.
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Lindblad, Johan. "On the Structure of Resolution Refutations Generated by Modern CDCL Solvers." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-252732.

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Modern solvers for the Boolean satisfiability problem (SAT) that are based on conflict-driven clause learning (CDCL) are known to be able to solve some instances significantly more efficiently than older kinds of solvers such as ones using the Davis-Putnam-Logemann-Loveland (DPLL) algorithm. In addition to solving instances that can be satisfied, SAT solvers will implicitly generate proofs of unsatisfiability for formulae that are unsatisfiable. Theoretical models of CDCL based solvers are known to have access to more powerful forms of reasoning compared to their DPLL counterparts and as a result, are able to generate proofs that are significantly shorter for certain kinds of formulae. Additionally, certain characteristics are expected when representing these proofs as graphs, such as them not being strictly tree-like in shape. It is however less well known if these theoretical justifications are indeed the reason CDCL solvers are so successful in practice. This project attempts to answer this question by modifying a modern CDCL solver to output the proof and comparing these proofs to what theoretical results would predict. Firstly, the results indicate that CDCL solvers generate significantly shorter proofs for all kinds of formulae that were investigated as compared to a DPLL solver. Furthermore, it appears that this is in large part due to the proof not being tree-like. Secondly, utilizing restarts was found to make for significantly shorter proofs for most families of formulae but the effect was the opposite for formulas representing the relativized pigeonhole principle. The explanation for this is seemingly not clear. Lastly, it appears that the Tseitin formulae used do not exhibit timespace trade-offs but instead simply require a large amount of space. This is indicated by the run time being significantly greater if clause erasure if more aggressive but the refutation being similar in both length and number of learned clauses. To summarize, it has been found that modern CDCL solvers appear to result in significantly different proofs that largely mirror what one would expect. However, the results are unclear on the role of restarts and how their effect on the proof best can be explained.
Moderna lösare för Boolean satisfiability problem (SAT) baserade på konfliktdriven klausulinlärning (CDCL) har visats prestera väl och lösa vissa typer av formler mer effektivt än äldre varianter såsom Davis-Putnam-Logemann-Loveland-algoritmen (DPLL). Förutom att lösa instanser som är lösbara så producerar SAT-lösare implicit bevis på olösbarhet för formler som är olösbara. Teoretiska modeller över CDCL-baserade lösare har visat på att mer kraftfulla former av resonemang är tillgängliga jämfört med DPLL-baserade motsvarigheter; som ett resultat kan CDCL-baserade lösare enligt dessa modeller producera kortare bevis. Vidare väntas dessa bevis ha vissa karaktärsdrag när de representeras som grafer som exempelvis att de inte är strikt trädformade. Dock är det inte känt om dessa teoretiska förklaringar faktiskt korrekt beskriver anledningarna att CDCL-baserade lösare är så framgångsrika i praktiken. Detta projekt ämnar klargöra denna fråga genom att modifiera en CDCL-baserad lösare så att den producerar bevisen explicit och sedan jämföra dessa bevis med vad teoretiska resultat skulle förutspå. För det första så visar resultaten att CDCL-baserade lösare genererar betydligt kortare bevis för alla sorters formler som undersöktes. Studier av småskaliga probleminstanser visar att en del av förklaringen till detta är att beviset inte är strikt trädformat. För det andra visar resultaten att omstarter gör bevisen betydligt kortare för nästan alla formler men att det motsatta är sant för så kallade relativized pigeonhole principle-formler. Förklaringen till detta är inte helt tydlig. För det tredje sågs tendenser till tid-utrymmes-avvägningar för formler som var inspirerade av så kallade Tseitin-formler där dessa avvägningar är bevisade. Det antyder att även dessa inspirerade formler ger dessa avvägningar i praktiska implementationer av CDCL-lösare. För att summera så visar resultaten att moderna CDCL-baserade lösare till stor del uppnår vad teoretiska modeller förutspår i termer av formen på deras bevis. Dock är resultaten mindre tydliga vad gäller omstarter och hur deras påverkan på bevisen bäst förklaras.
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7

Leligny, Henri. "Etude des cristaux hydrates isoles dans les diagrammes cdcl::(2)-h::(2)o, cdbr::(2)-h::(2)o et cdcl::(2)-cacl::(2)-h::(2)o : structures atomiques et proprietes cristallochimiques." Caen, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987CAEN2022.

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Determination par diffraction rx des arrangements atomiques de neuf phases cristallines hydratees. Les polyedres de coordination des cations s'organisent en trois types structuraux : chaines simples (cd); empilement en couches (cd); chaines mixtes (cd,ca). Quatre phases possedent des structures caracterisees par une pseudo-symetrie marquee. Les macles et les transformations orientees, observees sur certains cristaux, sont interpretees par l'existence de pseudo-symetrie locale et de parentes structurales entre blocs atomiques des hydrates concernes
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8

LIVAGE, CARINE. "Synthese et relation structure-proprietes magnetiques d'une famille d'antiperovskites moleculaires et d'un analogue moleculaire de cdcl#2." Paris 11, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA112229.

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Ce memoire decrit la synthese de sels de tetrathiafulvalenium d'anions inorganiques moleculaires dont la charge, la forme, le volume, les proprietes redox sont susceptibles d'imposer la formation de structures de dimensionnalite accrue. Ceux-ci sont obtenus, sous forme de monocristaux de grande qualite, par electrocristallisation. Dans la premiere partie, nous montrons que l'utilisation d'un complexe tris-dithiolene de vanadium, v(ddd)#3#, choisit pour sa geometrie trigonale prismatique, conduit a des associations intermoleculaires bidimensionnelles. Celles-ci sont mises en evidence par l'analyse structurale du compose neutre paramagnetique v(dddt)#3#. Elles se retrouvent dans le compose ionique (ttf) v(ddt)#3 qui presente une structure en feuillets de type cdcl#2. Nous montrons que ces feuillets sont constitues par un reseau d'anions v(dddt)#3#. Les radicaux cations ttf#+, associes en dimeres, s'inserent au sein des cavites octaedriques formees par l'empilement des anions. Dans la deuxieme partie, nous avons synthetise une famille de composes ternaires de structure anti-perovskite deformee base sur des halogenures a cluster octaedrique de molybdene(ii). On definit d'abord les conditions necessaires a l'obtention, de facon premeditee, de la famille de perovskites (mo#6x#1#4) (y) (ttf)#3 (avec x=cl, br et y=cl, br, i). On montre que tous ces composes presentent une transition magnetique vers un ordre antiferromagnetique a longue distance des spins s=1/2 des ions tetrathiafulvalenium, pour des t#n de l'ordre de 8 k. L'analyse de la structure est discutee en relation avec le comportement magnetique. Nous presentons des resultats de mesures de susceptibilite statique, rpe et resonance antiferromagnetique. Cette derniere technique a permis de mettre en evidence l'existence d'un plan de facile aimantation dans ces materiaux
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Négrier, Philippe. "Transitions de phase et désordres structuraux dans le composé bidimensionnel à structure pérovskite NH₃(CH₂)₅NH₃CdCl₄." Bordeaux 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987BOR10589.

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NH₃(CH₂)₅NH₃CdCl₄ PRESENTE DEUX TRANSFORMATIONS DE PHASE STRUCTURALES A TC::(1) = 337K ET TC::(2) = 417K. LA DIFFRACTION RX ET LA DIFFUSION RAMAN ONT MONTRE QUE LA PREMIERE A TC::(1) EST GOUVERNEE PAR LA REORIENTATION DYNAMIQUE DES CHAINES ALKYLENE-DIAMMONIUM EN CONFORMATION "TOUT TRANS". AU-DELA D'UNE CONCENTRATION SEUIL ATTEINTE A TC::(2), DES CHAINES "TORSADEES", THERMIQUEMENT ACTIVEES, INDUISENT LA DEUXIEME TRANSITION. ANALYSE DU DESORDRE DES PLANS PEROVSKITE PAR UN MODELE PHENOMENOLOGIQUE, BASE SUR UN DEVELOPPEMENT DE TYPE LANDAU
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10

Grinten, Alexander van der [Verfasser], Ewald [Gutachter] Speckenmeyer, and Henning [Gutachter] Meyerhenke. "Design, implementation and evaluation of a distributed CDCL framework / Alexander van der Grinten ; Gutachter: Ewald Speckenmeyer, Henning Meyerhenke." Köln : Universitäts- und Stadtbibliothek Köln, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1161223320/34.

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11

McCracken, Justine M. (Justine Meghan) 1979. "Hydrogen bonding and solvation dynamics of n-methylacetamide in denatured water (D₂O) or denatured chloroform (CDCl₃) from nonlinear spectroscopy." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/28314.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Chemistry, 2004.
Vita.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 34-35).
Hydrogen bonding between N-methylacetamide (NMA) and different solvents (D₂O or CDCl₃) was studied by using two-dimensional infrared spectroscopy to probe the frequency fluctuations of the amide I mode of the solvated NMA. An iterative fitting approach was used to extract a correlation function from the experimental data. The correlation function for NMA/D₂O was found to be biexponential with decay constants of 1050 fs and [approximately]50 fs. These timescales are interpreted as reflecting the collective rearrangement of the solution hydrogen bonding network and oscillation of the hydrogen bond bound to the NMA molecule respectively. The correlation function for NMA/CDCl₃ was found to decay on three timescales with two decay constants of 1600 fs and [approximately]50 fs, and a long time quasi-inhomogeneous component.
by Justine M. McCracken.
S.M.
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12

Rangaswamy, Ashok. "Effect of CdCl2 Treatment on CdTe and CdS Solar Cell Characteristics after Exposure to Light for 1000 Hours." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2003. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0000064.

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13

Guo, Long. "Résolution séquentielle et parallèle du problème de la satisfiabilité propositionnelle." Thesis, Artois, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ARTO0408/document.

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Cette thèse porte sur la résolution séquentielle et parallèle du problème de la satisfiabilité propositionnelle(SAT). Ce problème important sur le plan théorique admet de nombreuses applications qui vont de la vérification formelle de matériels et de logiciels à la cryptographie en passant par la planification et la bioinformatique. Plusieurs contributions sont apportées dans cette thèse. La première concerne l’étude et l’intégration des concepts d’intensification et de diversification dans les solveurs SAT parallèle de type portfolio. Notre seconde contribution exploite l’état courant de la recherche partiellement décrit par les récentes polarités des littéraux « progress saving », pour ajuster et diriger dynamiquement les solveurs associés aux différentes unités de calcul. Dans la troisième contribution, nous proposons des améliorations de la stratégie de réduction de labase des clauses apprises. Deux nouveaux critères, permettant d’identifier les clauses pertinentes pour la suite de la recherche, ont été proposés. Ces critères sont utilisés ensuite comme paramètre supplémentaire de diversification dans les solveurs de type portfolio. Finalement, nous présentons une nouvelle approche de type diviser pour régner où la division s’effectue par ajout de contraintes particulières
In this thesis, we deal with the sequential and parallel resolution of the problem SAT. Despite of its complexity, the resolution of SAT problem is an excellent and competitive approach for solving thecombinatorial problems such as the formal verification of hardware and software, the cryptography, theplanning and the bioinfomatics. Several contribution are made in this thesis. The first contribution aims to find the compromise of diversification and intensification in the solver of type portfolio. In our second contribution, we propose to dynamically adjust the configuration of a core in a portfolio parallel sat solver when it is determined that another core performs similar work. In the third contribution, we improve the strategy of reduction of the base of learnt clauses, we construct a portfolio strategy of reduction in parallel solver. Finally, we present a new approach named "Virtual Control" which is to distribute the additional constraints to each core in a parallel solver and verify their consistency during search
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Mukherjee, Rajdeep. "Precise abstract interpretation of hardware designs." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2018. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:680f0093-0405-4a0b-88dc-c4d7177d840f.

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This dissertation shows that the bounded property verification of hardware Register Transfer Level (RTL) designs can be efficiently performed by precise abstract interpretation of a software representation of the RTL. The first part of this dissertation presents a novel framework for RTL verification using native software analyzers. To this end, we first present a translation of the hardware circuit expressed in Verilog RTL into the software in C called the software netlist. We then present the application of native software analyzers based on SAT/SMT-based decision procedures as well as abstraction-based techniques such as abstract interpretation for the formal verification of the software netlist design generated from the hardware RTL. In particular, we show that the path-based symbolic execution techniques, commonly used for automatic test case generation in system softwares, are also effective for proving bounded safety as well as detecting bugs in the software netlist designs. Furthermore, by means of experiments, we show that abstract interpretation techniques, commonly used for static program analysis, can also be used for bounded as well as unbounded safety property verification of the software netlist designs. However, the analysis using abstract interpretation shows high degree of imprecision on our benchmarks which is handled by manually guiding the analysis with various trace partitioning directives. The second part of this dissertation presents a new theoretical framework and a practical instantiation for automatically refining the precision of abstract interpretation using Conflict Driven Clause Learning (CDCL)-style analysis. The theoretical contribution is the abstract interpretation framework that generalizes CDCL to precise safety verification for automatic transformer refinement called Abstract Conflict Driven Learning for Safety (ACDLS). The practical contribution instantiates ACDLS over a template polyhedra abstract domain for bounded safety verification of the software netlist designs. We experimentally show that ACDLS is more efficient than a SAT-based analysis as well as sufficiently more precise than a commercial abstract interpreter.
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Nabhani, Tarek. "Symétries locales et globales en logique propositionnelle et leurs extensions aux logiques non monotones." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX10173/document.

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La symétrie est par définition un concept multidisciplinaire. Il apparaît dans de nombreux domaines. En général, elle revient à une transformation qui laisse invariant un objet. Le problème de satisfaisabilité (SAT) occupe un rôle central en théorie de la complexité. Il est le problème de décision de référence de la classe NP-complet (Cook, 71). Il consiste à déterminer si une formule CNF admet ou non une valuation qui la rend vraie. Dans la première contribution de ce mémoire, nous avons introduit une nouvelle méthode complète qui élimine toutes les symétries locales pour la résolution du problème SAT en exploitant son groupe des symétries. Les résultats obtenus montrent que l'exploitation des symétries locales est meilleure que l'exploitation des symétries globales sur certaines instances SAT et que les deux types de symétries sont complémentaires, leur combinaison donne une meilleure exploitation.En deuxième contribution, nous proposons une approche d'apprentissage de clauses pour les solveurs SAT modernes en utilisant les symétries. Cette méthode n'élimine pas les modèles symétriques comme font les méthodes statiques d'élimination des symétries. Elle évite d'explorer des sous-espaces correspondant aux no-goods symétriques de l'interprétation partielle courante. Les résultats obtenus montrent que l'utilisation de ces symétries et ce nouveau schéma d'apprentissage est profitable pour les solveurs CDCL.En Intelligence Artificielle, on inclut souvent la non-monotonie et l'incertitude dans le raisonnement sur les connaissances avec exceptions. Pour cela, en troisième et dernière contribution, nous avons étendu la notion de symétrie à des logiques non classiques (non-monotones) telles que les logiques préférentielles, les X-logiques et les logiques des défauts.Nous avons montré comment raisonner par symétrie dans ces logiques et nous avons mis en évidence l'existence de certaines symétries dans ces logiques qui n'existent pas dans les logiques classiques
Symmetry is by definition a multidisciplinary concept. It appears in many fields. In general, it is a transformation which leaves an object invariant. The problem of satisfiability (SAT) is one of the central problems in the complexity theory. It is the first decision Np-complete problem (Cook, 71). It deals with determining if a CNF formula admits a valuation which makes it true. First we introduce a new method which eliminates all the local symmetries during the resolution of a SAT problem by exploiting its group of symmetries. Our experimental results show that for some SAT instances, exploiting local symmetries is better than exploiting just global symmetries and both types of symmetries are complementary. As a second contribution, we propose a new approach of Conflict-Driven Clause Learning based on symmetry. This method does not eliminate the symmetrical models as the static symmetry elimination methods do. It avoids exploring sub-spaces corresponding to symmetrical No-goods of the current partial interpretation. Our experimental results show that using symmetries in clause learning is advantageous for CDCL solvers.In artificial intelligence, we usually include non-monotony and uncertainty in the reasoning on knowledge with exceptions. Finally, we extended the concept of symmetry to non-classical logics that are preferential logics, X-logics and default logics. We showed how to reason by symmetry in these logics and we prove the existence of some symmetries in these non-classical logics which do not exist in classical logics
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Vinyals, Marc. "Space in Proof Complexity." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Teoretisk datalogi, TCS, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-206571.

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ropositional proof complexity is the study of the resources that are needed to prove formulas in propositional logic. In this thesis we are concerned with the size and space of proofs, and in particular with the latter. Different approaches to reasoning are captured by corresponding proof systems. The simplest and most well studied proof system is resolution, and we try to get our understanding of other proof systems closer to that of resolution. In resolution we can prove a space lower bound just by showing that any proof must have a large clause. We prove a similar relation between resolution width and polynomial calculus space that lets us derive space lower bounds, and we use it to separate degree and space. For cutting planes we show length-space trade-offs. This is, there are formulas that have a proof in small space and a proof in small length, but there is no proof that can optimize both measures at the same time. We introduce a new measure of space, cumulative space, that accounts for the space used throughout a proof rather than only its maximum. This is exploratory work, but we can also prove new results for the usual space measure. We define a new proof system that aims to capture the power of current SAT solvers, and we show a landscape of length-space trade-offs comparable to those in resolution. To prove these results we build and use tools from other areas of computational complexity. One area is pebble games, very simple computational models that are useful for modelling space. In addition to results with applications to proof complexity, we show that pebble game cost is PSPACE-hard to approximate. Another area is communication complexity, the study of the amount of communication that is needed to solve a problem when its description is shared by multiple parties. We prove a simulation theorem that relates the query complexity of a function with the communication complexity of a composed function.

QC 20170509

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17

Harris, Ruth V. "Phosphorylation of linker histones by cdc2 kinase." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.336626.

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18

Moyano, Rodríguez Yolanda 1992. "Mitosis exit regulation by Cdc5 and PP2A-Cdc55." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/668051.

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In this thesis we studied the role of PP2ACdc55 in the cytokinesis regulation and the contribution of Cdc5 kinase in the mitosis exit using budding yeast as model. Previously, it was suggested a putative PP2ACdc55 role in cytokinesis based on the elongated phenotype in absence of Cdc55. However, the PP2ACdc55 function during cytokinesis and its direct targets were not identified. In this thesis, we demonstrated that PP2ACdc55 regulates the IPC’s phosphorylation and their residence time at the bud neck. In addition, we showed that PP2ACdc55 coordinates actomyosin ring (AMR) contraction with septa formation. As a second objective, we analyzed the Net1 residues to be phosphorylated by Cdc5 kinase contributing to the Cdc14 release from the nucleolus and mitotic exit progression.
En esta tesis hemos investigado el papel de la fosfatasa PP2ACdc55 en la regulación de la citocinesis y la contribución de la quinasa Cdc5 en la salida de mitosis en la levadura de gemación. Previamente, se había sugerido un posible papel de la PP2ACdc55 en citocinesis basándose en el fenotipo elongado en ausencia de Cdc55. Sin embargo, la función de la PP2ACdc55 durante la citocinesis y sus sustratos no han sido estudiados. En esta tesis, hemos demostrado que la PP2ACdc55 regula la desfosforilación de las proteínas de IPC que regulan la citocinesis; así como, su tiempo de localización en el cuello. Además, hemos observado como la PP2ACdc55 realiza un papel en la coordinación de la contracción del anillo de actomiosina y la formación del septo. En cuanto a Cdc5, analizamos los posibles residuos de Net1 fosforilados por Cdc5 que contribuyen a la liberación de Cdc14 en la salida de mitosis.
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Glasssmith, Gareth. "Characterisation of cdc2-related kinases from Trypanosoma brucei." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.363169.

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20

Ko, Tun Kiat. "Characterization of Crk7-a novel Cdc2-related kinase." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.621784.

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21

Bahman, A. M. "Studies on the CDC7 gene product of Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.233154.

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22

Hayles, J. "Suppressor analysis of the cdc2 gene in Schizosaccharomyces pombe." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.377076.

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23

Dick, S. D. "The structural and functional characterisation of human Cdc7 kinase." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2017. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1537309/.

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Cell division cycle 7-related Ser/Thr (Cdc7) kinase is conserved and essential across eukaryotes. When bound to its activator, dumbbell-forming factor 4 (Dbf4) it phosphorylates a number of target proteins involved in various aspects of the cell cycle, including replication initiation, meiosis, the intra S-phase checkpoint, the DNA damage response and mitotic exit. Cdc7 is overexpressed in a number of cancers and expression correlates with patient prognosis. Selective inhibition of Cdc7 leads to cell death through an aberrant S-phase in transformed cells, while healthy fibroblasts are able to survive such treatments. Therefore, Cdc7 is an attractive target for cancer therapeutics, and high-resolution structural information could be very informative for the development of small molecule inhibitors. Herein, I present crystal structures of a fully active Cdc7-Dbf4 heterodimeric construct bound to a potent Cdc7 inhibitor, a non-hydrolysable ATP analogue and an Mcm2-derived substrate peptide. These structures, refined to a high resolution, reveal a previously unseen Zn-binding domain that supports a fully open conformation of the active site. The structures also reveal features required for substrate binding and phosphorylation. In vitro assays have been employed to validate the functional significance of these features, and an in cellula system developed to investigate their importance in the cell. The new structural and functional information gained from this study will inform the design of small molecule inhibitors of Cdc7 while the cell-based system opens up new ways of addressing the functions of the unique kinase insert sequences of Cdc7.
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24

Potash, Jesse. "The role of Cdyl and CDY in mammalian spermatogenesis." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/34579.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Biology, 2006.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 106-114).
Mouse Cdyl was originally identified based on homology to the human gene CDY (Lahn and Page, 1999), which is found in four copies on the human Y chromosome (Kuroda-Kawaguchi et al., 2001). Because CDY is expressed specifically in the testis (Lahn and Page, 1999) and is found in Y chromosomal regions that are deleted in some infertile men (Kuroda-Kawaguchi et al., 2001), CDY is thought to have an important role in male fertility and spermatogenesis. However, human studies have not yet been able to directly implicate CDY in male infertility. Even though mouse Cdyl is not located on the Y chromosome, it is the closest known mouse homologue of human CDY and is expressed highly in the testes (Lahn and Page, 1999), which suggests that mouse Cdyl provides a suitable model for the study of human CDY function. However, unlike human CDY, mouse Cdyl is expressed in tissues other than the testis (Lahn and Page, 1999). We have generated mice deficient for Cdyl to study its role in spermatogenesis and characterized their phenotype on a pure BALB/c background. Nearly 2/3 of Cdyl knockout mice die shortly after birth, but those that survive to adulthood appear healthy except for spermatogenic defects.
(cont.) Mice lacking Cdyl produce spermatozoa with misshapen heads and exhibit substantial germ cell death. The loss of germ cells is evident in some knockout mice as early as 3.5 weeks of age, affects spermatogonia, spermatocytes, and spermatids, and is so severe that at 5 months of age the seminiferous tubules of Cdyl knockout mice appear nearly empty. These results demonstrate that Cdyl plays a crucial role in spermatogenesis and suggest that the homologous human gene CDY does as well. However, our results do not support a previously suggested hypothesis that Cdyl participates in the global acetylation of histone H4 in spermatid nuclei (Lahn et al., 2002), as hyperacetylated histone H4 was detected in both wildtype and knockout spermatids. To directly study the role of the human gene CDYin spermatogenesis, we have attempted to rescue the Cdyl-/- spermatogenic phenotype by constructing a transgenic mouse that expresses human CDY and breeding the CDY transgene onto a Cdyl -/- background. Preliminary data from these crosses suggests that human CDY can not rescue the spermatogenic phenotype observed in Cdyl-/- mice, as Cdyl -/- TgCDY mice still exhibited germ cell loss.
(cont.) However, we currently possess TgCDY mice only on a C57BL/6 background, and in the course of these rescue experiments we observed that the spermatogenic phenotype of Cdyl-l- mice is not as severe on a C57BL/6 background, on a mixed C57BL/6x129 background, or on a mixed C57BL/6xBALB/c background as it is on a pure BALB/c background. We believe that future studies, performed on a pure BALB/c background, will be able to better address whether human CDYcan rescue the Cdyl knockout mouse spermatogenic phenotype.
by Jesse Potash.
Ph.D.
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25

Shin, Kyoo-Chul. "Identification of Critical Dispute Characteristics (CDCs) during construction project operations." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/20683.

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26

Patterson, M. N. "A molecular analysis of the yeast cell cycle gene CDC7." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.370956.

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27

Singh, Tejomayee. "Functionalization of cancer-associated mutant alleles of human CDC4 (FBXW7)." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/45351.

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Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. This somatic cell genetic disease is characterized by progressive accumulation of mutations in multiple genes. An important characteristic of cancer cells is an increased rate of gains and losses of chromosomes, termed Chromosomal Instability (CIN). One of the frequently mutated genes in a variety of cancers is FBXW7 (F-Box and WD repeat domain-containing 7), encoding the substrate-recognition component of a ubiquitin ligase complex. Fbxw7 targets a number of oncoproteins such as, Cyclin E, c-Myc, Notch1 and Aurora A for ubiquitin mediated degradation. Inactivation of FBXW7 has been linked to CIN in cancer cell lines. The majority of cancer-associated mutations in FBXW7 are monoallelic, missense substitutions whose phenotypic effects are difficult to predict. Interestingly, most of the mutations in FBXW7 cluster at three mutational hotspots, Arg465, Arg479 and Arg505. Located at β propeller-tip, these residues are critical for interaction with the Fbxw7 substrates. This study investigates the functional consequences of the substitutions at these residues. We individually tested the functional status of the R465C, R479Q and R505C variants of FBXW7 in three colorectal cancer cell lines in an HCT116 background. These cell lines had both, one or none of the alleles of FBXW7 inactivated by homologous recombination. Our data shows that the cell lines producing R465C, R479Q or R505C variants of FBXW7 failed to degrade Cyclin E, one of the major targets of FBXW7. These cell lines also exhibited a CIN phenotype, observed as an increase in the frequency of abnormal anaphases. These results show that mutations R465C, R479Q and R505C occurring in FBXW7 cause loss of function of the protein and act as dominant negative mutations.
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28

今宿, 芳郎. "シロイヌナズナのCDC2遺伝子群の研究." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/202465.

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29

VESCOVI, M. V. A. "Efeitos da Exposição ao CdCl2 em ratos: um estudo de deposição tecidual e uma visão cardiovascular." Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2013. http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/4690.

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O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos da exposição por 30 dias à CdCl2 100 mg L-1 sobre a distribuição tecidual deste metal e a consequência sobre a contratilidade miocárdica. Foram utilizados ratos Wistar separados aleatoriamente em dois grupos: controle e tratado. A pressão arterial foi mensurada semanalmente no decorrer da exposição. Ao final do tratamento os animais foram anestesiados para avaliação hemodinâmica e sacrificados para avaliação, in vitro, da contratilidade miocárdica e as amostras teciduais e cardíacas foram encaminhadas para análise do teor de cádmio através da técnica de Espectrometria de Absorção Atômica. A concentração sanguínea de cádmio no grupo tratado foi de, aproximadamente, 4 µg dL-1, valor inferior ao índice biológico permitido por leis mundiais vigentes e, como previsto com base em literatura, os principais sítios de deposição do metal foram os rins e o fígado. Desde a primeira semana de exposição, a pressão arterial do grupo tratado mostrou-se elevada e assim permaneceu ao longo das semanas seguintes. A avaliação hemodinâmica evidenciou o aumento da pressão arterial sistólica (Controle: 114 ± 5 vs Tratado: 127 ± 3 mmHg), da diastólica (Controle: 63 ± 2 vs Tratado: 81 ± 4 mmHg), da ventricular esquerda (Controle: 127 ± 2 vs Tradado: 140 ± 4 mmHg) e da frequência cardíaca (Controle: 333 ± 8 vs Tratado: 377 ± 7 mmHg) e, uma redução da pressão diastólica final do ventrículo direito (Controle: 6,4 ± 0,8 vs Tratado: 4,1 ± 0,3 mmHg). In vitro, o tratamento com cádmio não alterou o estado inotrópico (força contrátil e derivadas temporais de força). No entanto, os resultados sugerem alterações no ciclo de cálcio (Ca2+) no cardiomiócito. Houve uma redução no influxo de Ca2+ transarcolemal, e menor receptação de Ca2+ pelo retículo sarcoplasmático do ventrículo direito. Sendo assim, é sugestivo que apesar do cádmio reduzir a eficiência do retículo sarcoplasmático e prejudicar o influxo de cálcio transarcolemal, o miócito dispõe de mecanismos que regulam o inotropismo.
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30

Hansson, Alexander, and Andreas Petersson. "Mappningsstrategi på IKEA:s CDC-lager i Torsvik." Thesis, Jönköping University, JTH, Industrial Engineering and Management, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-939.

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This study has been assigned by Bengt Hellman who works at the logistic department at IKEA Torsvik just outside of Jönköping. The task has been to develop a new picking strategy for the Oversize area in the CDC-Warehouse. The reason why IKEA wants a new strategy is because they want to minimize the route length for the forklifts when collecting the orders.

By evaluating the current strategies on other areas in the CDC-storehouse, study literature within this subject and look at restrictions for the storing of goods, we have analyzed how the Oversize area works today. We compared the gathered information, to how it should be done according to the literature to be able to work out a new functional strategy.

Today, IKEA does not have a working strategy for the oversize area because of lack of time and because all the power has been put on other areas were sales rates are currently higher. This have led to lack of organisation at the Oversize area and items are just put were there is space without first analysing were it should be placed.

The strategy that we have worked out and introduced to IKEA builds on easiness of understanding the layout, the employees shall know why an item is placed where it is. We have also analyzed which items that are frequently ordered with each other. We have put weight on trying to keep those items as close as we can to minimize the route length for the forklifts. To help IKEA with reorganizations in the future we have made it as easy as we could to move high- and low frequently items around and also introducing new articles in the storehouse, this by the reason that sales rate can change drastically when a new sales campaign is initiated by IKEA


Detta examensarbete är utfört på önskemål av Bengt Hellman som arbetar på logistikavdelningen på IKEA Torsvik utanför Jönköping. Arbetet har gått ut på att ta fram ett nytt förslag på hur de skall placera sina artiklar på plocknivå (vad IKEA kallar för mappning) inne på Oversize avdelningen på IKEA:s CDC-lager. Anledningen till detta är att IKEA vill minska sina körsträckor för plockarna inne på lagret och därmed öka effektiviteten.

Genom att studera befintliga mappningsstrategier som redan finns på övriga avdelningar på CDC-lagret, litteraturstudier och titta på vilka begränsningar som finns inne på lagret så har vi analyserat nuläget mot teori för att sedan kunna ta fram en ny strategi för hur en fungerande mappning skulle kunna se ut.

I dag så finns det inte någon väl utarbetat strategi för mappningen på Oversize avdelningen, detta på grund av att andra avdelningar prioriterats på grund av att de säljer mycket mer i dagsläget. Detta har även medfört att den huvudsakliga uppdelning som fanns tidigare på Oversize avdelningen med affärsområden har fått stå åt sidan på grund av tidsbrist och artiklar har placerats in där det finns plats istället för att analysera var de kan placeras bäst.

Det nya förslaget som vi presenterar för IKEA bygger på att det skall vara enkelt att förstå layouten, plockarna skall veta varför en artikel finns där den finns. Vi har även tagit stor hänsyn till vad som säljs med vad och försökt placera dessa artiklar i närheten av varandra för att på så sätt minska körsträckorna. Vi har även haft i åtanke att det skall vara enkelt att placera om hög och lågfrekventa artiklar samt nyheter inne på lagret då försäljningsvolym påverkas väldigt mycket utav olika kampanjer som IKEA har.

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31

Engemann, Harald Gotthard. "Charakterisierung der Dlk/CDC5-Interaktion und der Genstruktur des Dlk-Gens." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=981418090.

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32

Mackenzie, Mathew David. "CDUL Class Directed Unsupervised Learning : an enhanced neural network classification system." Thesis, University of Kent, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.360970.

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33

Petersen, Birgit Otzen. "Regulation of mammalian CDC6 by CDK phosphorylation and proteasome dependent degradation." Thesis, Open University, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.298212.

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34

Smedt-Peyrusse, Véronique de. "Activation du MPF dans l'ovocyte de Xénope : rôle du Cdc2 monomérique." Paris 6, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA066340.

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35

Coelho, José António dos Santos. "Regeneração da espermatogénese e qualidade espermática em ratinhos expostos a CdCl2." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/777.

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Mestrado em Toxicologia e Ecotoxicologia
O cádmio é um contaminante industrial e ambiental que exerce efeitos indesejáveis sobre o sistema vascular de seres humanos e animais. Em resultado da sua acção, podem ocorrer alguns efeitos fisiopatológicos em órgãos-alvo específicos, tais como o testículo e rins. O objectivo do presente trabalho consistiu em estudar os efeitos do CdCl2 na espermatogénese de ratinhos, e em parâmetros de espermatozóides, após um ciclo espermatogénico. A animais machos, com 7 semanas de idade (34,5 g), foi administrada, por via subcutânea, uma injecção com 1,5; 1,65 e 1,75 mg/l de CdCl2, e aguardaram-se 35 dias. O grupo controlo foi injectado com NaCl 0,9%. Após este período, o testículo e epidídimo direito de cada animal foram fixados em solução de Bouin e preparados para observação histológica. Além disso, o diâmetro dos túbulos seminíferos foi avaliado usando modelos deformáveis (SNAKE). A partir da cauda do epidídimo esquerdo foram recolhidos espermatozóides e colocados em meio Tyrode (MT6), para analisar a motilidade, vitalidade, densidade e anomalias morfológicas. Os cortes histológicos dos testículos dos animais expostos ao CdCl2, evidenciaram lesões hemorrágicas ao nível do tecido intertubular. Além disso, observou-se uma redução do diâmetro dos túbulos seminíferos, quando comparados com os do grupo controlo. A motilidade dos espermatozóides sofreu uma redução significativa, e a progressividade diminuiu ca de 25% na dose máxima, face ao controlo. Houve uma diminuição significativa (ca 30%) na vitalidade de espermatozóides. No entanto, após 35 dias, a percentagem de espermatozóides com características normais foi de 66%, em média, em comparação com os respectivos controlos. Em conclusão, o presente estudo revelou que a exposição às diferentes doses de CdCl2 induziu profundas alterações histopatológicas ao nível do testículo e em alguns parâmetros de espermatozóides, mas possibilitou a regeneração desse órgão. ABSTRACT: Cadmium is an industrial and environmental contaminant that exerts undesirable effects on the vascular system in both humans and animals. As a result, some pathophysiologic effects occur in specific target organs, such as testis, and kidneys. The aim of the present work was to study the effects of CdCl2 on mice spermatogenesis, and sperm parameters, after one spermatogenic cycle. Groups of male animals, 7 weeks old (34,5 g), were subcutaneously administered with 1,5; 1,65 e 1,75 mg/l, and kept for 35 days. Controls were injected with NaCl 0,9%. After this period the right testis and epididymis from each animal were fixed in Bouin’s solution and routinely prepared for histological observation. In addition, the diameter of seminiferous tubules was evaluated using deformable models (SNAKE). Sperm were also collected from the left cauda epididymidis into a dish containing modified Tyrode´s medium (MT6) for motility, vitality, density and morphological abnormalities. The histological sections of testis from exposed animals to CdCl2 demonstrated hemorrhagic lesions within the intertubular tissue. In addition, a reduction in the seminiferous tubules diameter was observed, when compared with those from control group. The epididymal motility was significantly reduced, and progressively decreased to ca 25% in higher dose compared to control. There was a significant decline (ca 30%) in the vitality of sperm. However, following 35 days, the percentage of sperm with normal features was in average 66% when compared with respective controls. In conclusion, the present study revealed that exposure to different doses of CdCl2 induced several histopathological changes within testis, and some sperm parameters, but allow partial regeneration of the testis.
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36

Carr, A. M. "Analysis and characterisation of the cdc2 gene region of fission yeast." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.375854.

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37

Massey, Jack. "The dynamics and demography of socially structured carnivores : badgers, lions and wolves." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:49e1063c-cdc5-4865-a931-5da91f4556c5.

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Sociality in carnivores is theoretically expected to produce quantitatively different dynamics compared to solitary species, exhibiting Allee effects, increasing extinction risk and limiting population growth. There is also evidence in social species that demographic stochasticity can impact the population when densities are high. Empirical support for these processes is lacking and the effects of socio-spatial structure on population dynamics is now widely debated. The roles of social structure, reproductive suppression, communal predator vigilance, communal hunting and babysitting on population responses to perturbations away from carrying capacity have important implications for species management. Social systems also possess inherent spatial structure. Such structure is known to influence dynamics in solitary species. This thesis investigates the relative contributions of spatial and social structure on population dynamics in three contrasting carnivores, from three different families; badgers (Meles meles), lions (Panthera leo) and grey wolves (Canis lupus), that each demonstrate comparable and different life history strategies with one another. Simple and complex structured population models are used to demonstrate how intra-group processes interact within inter-group process and habitat features to produce population wide dynamics. The models are used to investigate whether general rules governing the dynamics of social species can be drawn across species.
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38

Lazzaro-Albert, Maribeth A. "Characterization of a novel cdc2-related kinase expressed in the nervous system." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape16/PQDD_0015/NQ36997.pdf.

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39

Ongkeko, Weg M. "The role of Cdc2 and p53 in cell cycle checkpoints and apoptosis." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.244848.

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40

Das, Neves Henrique Coutinho Póvoas Esteves. "MCM10, CDT1 and CDC6 as prognostic biomakers and drivers of breast cancer." Thesis, University of Macau, 2018. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b3953629.

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41

Ugaas, Ahmed A. "WS-CDL Based Specification for Web Services Collaboration Testing." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2008. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/cs_theses/54.

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Service Oriented Computing(SOC) is becoming a major paradigm for developing next generation of software systems, and one of the major challenges of Service Oriented Computing is testing interactions and collaborations among the distributed and dynamically integrated web services. To support automated test of web service‟s collaborations, a formal specification is needed. This thesis proposes a specification of web services collaborations based on Web Services Choreography Description Language (WS-CDL). We identify the basic constructs that can be found in any web services collaboration, and we mapped them to the new WS-CDL based language (WS-CDL+). Finally, A scenario of web services collaboration is developed and specification in WS-CDL+ is provided. This work builds a foundation for automated web services testing in a service oriented computing environment.
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42

Jean, David. "CDL+CWS, un langage de prototype et son environnement." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0002/MQ40593.pdf.

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43

Jean, David. "CDL+CWS : un langage de prototypes et son environnement." Sherbrooke : Université de Sherbrooke, 1997.

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44

Ni, Tao. "Structural and functional study of MACPF/CDC superfamily proteins." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:50793dea-6aa6-4922-b7d8-43c50079639b.

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The thesis mainly focuses on structural study of proteins in membrane attack complex- perforin/cholesterol-dependent cytolysins (MACPF/CDC) superfamily, in particular, Astrotactins from human and perforin-like proteins (PLPs) from Toxoplasma and Plasmodium. Both of these subfamily proteins are implicated in human diseases and structurally uncharacterised before. Astrotactins (ASTNs) have been shown to play a crucial role in enabling neural migration along glial fibres. While ASTN1 directly forms contacts between the neuron and the fibre, ASTN2 is responsible for extracting ASTN1 from contacts at the lagging edge of the cell and recycling them to the leading edge. ASTN2 is associated with endosomes, with the majority of its structure (at the C-terminus) projecting into their lumen, anchored by a pair of transmembrane –-helices. Here we present the structure of this "endodomain" region of ASTN2, and find it to consist of a unique combination of polypeptide folds comprising a membrane attack com- plex/perforin (MACPF) domain, an EGF-like domain, a previously-unobserved form of fibronectin type III (Fn(III)) domain and an annexin-like domain. Taken together, the structural characterisation provides a framework for better understanding the mechanism of the ASTNs and related proteins in neural and other forms of vertebrate development. Perforin-like proteins from Toxoplasma and Plasmodium (TgPLP1 and PPLPs) are critical for normal life cycle progression of these parasites, and knockout out of any of them results in significant defects in their life cycle, entrapping the parasites within the host cells and thus limiting their ability to egress. Here we present the crystal structures of TgPLP1 MACPF domain and C-terminal domain at 2.0 Å and 1.1 Å, respectively. We also presents the MACPF domain assembled in helical and hexameric ring form, which indicates the possibility of pore-formation by 6 subunits. This is the first structure of perforin-like protein from Apicomplexan parasites and provides a structural basis to elucidate the function of PLPs in toxoplasmosis and malaria pathogenesis. The final section is a continuation of a previous study in our lab on pleckstrin homology (PH) domain of kindlins. We determined the crystal structure of kindlin-3 PH domain and characterised its lipid and membrane binding properties. Using nanodiscs incorporated with different lipids as model membrane system to study the interaction between inositol phosphate lipids and kindlin-3 PH domain, together with molecular dynamic simulation studies (in collaboration with Mark Sansom's group, University of Oxford), we propose that a subset of PH domains is able to bind to multiple inositol phosphates simultaneously and so via an avidity effect have its interaction with target membranes strengthened.
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45

Jean, David. "CDL+CWS un langage de prototypes et son environnement." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 1996. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/4388.

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Le but du projet était de créer un langage orienté objet (CDL, Cards Definition Language) pour le prototypage rapide d'applications appartenant à un même domaine. Celui qui nous intéressait était"les jeux de cartes solitaires". CWS, CardsWorkShop, représenté l'environnement graphique multifenêtres de développement qui a été créé, formé d'un éditeur de texte contextuel, un compilateur CDL, un interprète de machine virtuelle et une bibliothèque d'objets et de codes prédéfinie.Le premier chapitre décrit certains principes d'une facette de la programmation orientée objet : les prototypes. La place de CDL parmi les prototypes est expliquée à l'aide d'un exemple. La genèse de CDL et CWS est décrite, le tout suivi de la description du modèle CDL. Un second chapitre est dédié à la description du langage CDL. Nous verrons la syntaxe et la sémantique des éléments de base : constantes, variables, fonctions, objets et instances.Le troisième chapitre décrit l'implantation de l'environnement de développement, CWS, le compilateur, l'interprète et les objets prédéfinis.
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46

Patala, Anne Havilah. "Discordance of Drug Susceptibility Test Data between the CDC Mycobacteriology Laboratory and Local Public Health Laboratories Participating in Tuberculosis Clinical Trials, TBTC, CDC." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2011. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/iph_theses/171.

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BACKGROUND: Multi drug resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a serious public health concern in many parts of the world. As per the WHO- 2010 global report on Surveillance and response 3.6% of all incident TB cases globally are multidrug resistant. In this regard, there is an increasing demand for timely, reliable and comprehensive drug susceptibility testing (DST) as MDR-TB surveillance is being geared up. The intent of this analysis is to determine whether there is a need to continue routine confirmatory DST testing at CDC in addition to just sending the isolates for genotyping. Analysis is done by measuring the discordance between the results of laboratory DST at CDC and the local labs drug type, drug testing concentrations, and study sites. METHODS: The data for this analysis was provided by the Tuberculosis Trials Consortium (TBTC), CDC. Data for this analysis was collected over nearly two decades (1993-2011), gathered from 7 clinical trials. Discordance between the local and CDC lab DST results was measured using Kappa statistic. Sensitivity and specificity analysis was done by taking the CDC DST lab results as the gold standard. Discordance levels were calculated by local sites and baseline drug resistance for each antibiotic in each study was measured. RESULTS: Average Kappa values for inter rater agreement for all the studies was 0.6444 whereas the overall level of discordance across all studies is 7.786%. Drug resistance at baseline was highest for Isoniazid and Streptomycin (except Study 23 and 22). CONCLUSION: Though the current results show few DST result discordances between local and CDC labs, it is better to continue to send isolates to the centralized lab (CDC) in view of the worldwide threat of drug resistant TB epidemic, the recommendations of the current literature and the benefits of reliable confirmatory testing services and availability of other molecular diagnostic methods.
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Canales, Renata Pereira. "O Centro de Divulgação Científica Cultural da Univerisdade de São Paulo, campus São Carlos: um projeto de extensão universitária." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2006. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/2395.

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The present study endeavours to contribute to a better understanding of the education in this country by means of a case study of the Centro de Divulgação Científica e Cultural CDCC (Centre for Scientific and Cultural Promotion). This centre was established in 1980 by the São Carlos campus of the University of São Paulo and since then put under the care of the Institute of Physics and Chemistry. The CDCC operates educational projects aimed at fostering scientific curiosity in basic educational level students. The investigation covers the process of CDCC s creation and seeks comprehension of its first motivation and objectives as well as peruses into the history of its building, which once hosted the Engineering School of USP-São Carlos. It does also investigate the services offered to the community, analyses CDCC administrative rules, and more incisively, reasons out the role of the Experimentoteca , the initial project that begot the Centre itself, and whose scope is to provide means of empirical experience of scientific theories for children at the basic level of education. The Experimentoteca is a portable laboratory of sciences that, under request, is taken to schools for classroom demonstrations. This project, initially restricted to São Carlos City and region, is currently extended to 31 cities of 13 different states. Following the steps of Buffa and Nosella, an epistemological frame of reference is taken from work and educational relations as well as from the relations of general overview and singular descriptions, as established by the New History, along with analysis of documents and facts under the educational viewpoint of the country. The sources are both the literature concerning community roles of the university, defined as one of the corners of the university s triple mainstay in the 5,540/68 Bill and the 1988 Constitution, and yet the literature concerning the history of Brazilian education, chiefly after the 5,692/71 Bill, which was in force when the CDCC was created. Additional research sources are magazines, books, scientific articles concerning the CDCC and its building, as well as CDCC s reports and governance rules. Interviews with CDCC s workers and founders and questionnaires applied to students using the Experimentoteca are yet complementary sources. Data analyses avail a conclusion that CDCC orientation differs from the patronizing stance that pervades most of community services. Indeed, evidence was produced as to suggest that CDCC s intervention fosters reflection and responsibility among students. Nevertheless, the scientific curiosity does not seem to blossom as expected. School and social-family adverse environments do not make room for such: these are children of low income working class parents, who are educationally deprived and subjected by a neglected educational policy that includes deteriorated buildings, unhealthy classrooms, and teachers discouraged by low wages and bad working conditions. The CDCC s work stands alike a clean drop over a polluted river but its initiative is not useless, and does meet its best meaning in the respect to citizenship and in the interchange of lay and academic wisdom provided by the collaboration between university and community. There remains a hope that such values that exceed school limits be dully appreciated by the country politicians.
A presente dissertação busca contribuir para o entendimento da educação no país através do estudo de caso do Centro de Divulgação Científica e Cultural (CDCC), um trabalho de extensão realizado, desde 1980, pela Universidade de São Paulo, câmpus São Carlos, sob responsabilidade do Instituto de Física e Química. Este Centro realiza projetos educacionais voltados a alunos do ensino básico com o intuito de desenvolver o interesse pelas ciências. A pesquisa percorre o processo de criação deste Centro e busca entender suas motivações e objetivos iniciais; resgatar o histórico do prédio no qual se instala, que foi a primeira sede da Escola de Engenharia da USP-São Carlos; analisar as atividades oferecidas à população; apreciar o seu regimento administrativo; e, de forma mais aprofundada, estudar o desenvolvimento do projeto Experimentoteca, mola propulsora para o nascimento do Centro, cujo objetivo é instrumentalizar o aluno do ensino básico para que ele entenda, através da prática, as teorias científicas aprendidas em sala de aula. A Experimentoteca é um laboratório de ciências circulante e os experimentos são levados às escolas que os solicitam para serem realizados em sala de aula. O projeto, que se iniciou em São Carlos e região, atualmente, é usado em 31 cidades de 13 Estados do país. Seguindo os passos de Buffa e Nosella, usam-se como referências teóricometodológicas as relações de trabalho e educação, as relações das visões gerais e descrições do singular estabelecidas na chamada Nova História, além da análise de documentos e fatos sob a ótica educacional do país. As fontes são tanto a bibliografia que se refere ao trabalho de extensão universitária, definido como um dos elementos do tripé de sustentação da universidade na Lei n° 5.540/68 e ratificado na Constituição de 1988, quanto a que analisa a história da educação brasileira, principalmente depois da Lei n° 5.692/71, que se encontrava em vigência no país à época da criação do CDCC. Também são fontes documentais da pesquisa: revistas, livros, artigos científicos sobre o CDCC e sobre prédio onde atua, relatórios das atividades, projetos e regimentos do Centro. Entrevistas gentilmente cedidas por funcionários e participantes da criação do CDCC são fontes orais fundamentais para a análise assim como entrevistas e questionários respondidos por alunos que utilizam a Experimentoteca. Da análise dos dados e informações obtidos pôde-se concluir que a orientação do Centro de Divulgação Científica e Cultural distingue-se da visão assistencialista que guia a maioria dos trabalhos de extensão. De fato, reuniram-se evidências que sugerem que a intervenção do CDCC promova reflexão e responsabilidade entre os alunos que seu trabalho alcança. No entanto, o esperado interesse pelas ciências é diluído em meio aos problemas que os estudantes da rede pública enfrentam em seu cotidiano tanto escolar quanto sócio-familiar. Eles são filhos de trabalhadores de renda modesta, de limitado capital cultural e ainda vítimas de uma política educacional deficiente que proporciona ensino em prédios mal cuidados, em salas mal ventiladas e com professores desmotivados por baixos salários e más condições de trabalho. O trabalho do CDCC acaba sendo uma gota de água limpa em um rio sujo, porém a iniciativa não é inócua e encontra seu maior significado no respeito ao cidadão, na troca entre os saberes popular e acadêmico, na abertura da comunicação da universidade com a população. Permanece a expectativa de que esta compreensão de que a educação excede os muros da escola ganhe o respeito que reclama dos governantes do país.
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48

Hong, H. K. "Cdc7/ASK kinase as a novel target for anti-cancer drug development programmes." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2011. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1324534/.

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Targeting Cdc7, a kinase essential for DNA replication initiation, results in potent cancer cell killing. Cancer cells in which CDC7 is silenced by RNAi enter an abortive S phase followed by apoptosis due to loss of a functioning DNA replication origin activation checkpoint. This checkpoint prevents normal cells from entering S phase (reversible G1 arrest) if the DNA replication initiation machinery is perturbed. The pre-clinical anti-cancer effects of CDC7 silencing have highlighted this kinase as an important target for new drug development. Expanding on published reports, I performed further target validation using molecular tools generated in the work of this thesis, including an affinity-purified antibody to the Cdc7 regulator ASK and functional recombinant Cdc7/ASK kinase complex. Making use of fibroblast and HL60 tissue culture model systems, I show that Cdc7 and ASK are amongst a group of essential replication initiation factors that are tightly downregulated to suppress proliferative capacity during exit from cycle into quiescent and differentiated states. This finding is further supported by low expression levels in normal liver and oral squamous epithelium and the lack of Mcm2 phosphorylation at serine 53, a well known Cdc7 target. In liver carcinoma and oral squamous cell carcinoma, on the contrary, the majority of cancer cells are expressing Cdc7 and ASK and show Mcm2 phosphorylation at Ser-53. Thus it can be postulated that Cdc7 inhibitors should selectively kill cancer cells, while normal proliferating cells are reversibly arresting in G1 and quiescent and differentiated cell populations are not affected due to downregulation of the target protein. To screen for compounds that selectively inhibit Cdc7, I developed a sensitive in vitro kinase assay and contributed to the successful transfer of this assay to a high-throughput screening platform and the generation of a structural model of the Cdc7 kinase domain allowing in silico predictions of the most potent inhibitors. On completion of the work for this thesis, the HTS assay and structural model fromed the core of an ongoing drug discovery programme run by Cancer Research Technology. Two series of novel, selective small molecule inhibitors which exhibit low nM activity against Cdc7 and cellular efficacy (apoptosis) have been developed and are currently being tested in mouse xenograft models. The work presented in this thesis provides a strong rationale for targeting the DNA replication initiation pathway, and in particular Cdc7. Future intend to treat clinical trials will establish the potential of pharmacological Cdc7 inhibitors for selective cancer cell killing in patients.
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49

Jensen, Bryan. "Regulation of the G1 to S-phase transition in S. cerevisiae by CDC4 /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10257.

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50

Lee, Brian H. (Brian Han) 1976. "Regulation of meiosis I chromosome segregation by Spol3 and Cdc5 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/32257.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Biology, 2004.
Includes bibliographical references.
Meiosis is a specialized cell cycle that generates gametes for the purpose of disseminating genetic material to the next generation. The reduction of chromosome number by half is brought about two chromosome segregation phases following a single DNA replication phase. In the first division, homologs segregate away from each other and in the second division the sister chromatids separate. These two consecutive meiotic divisions necessitate innovations in chromosome dynamics and hence the involvement of both meiosis-specific modulators and regulators of the mitotic cell cycle. The work described herein characterizes the roles of two essential meiosis I regulators, a mitotic protein kinase, Cdc5 and a meiosis-specific gene, Spol 3. The conserved polo-like kinase Cdc5 regulates many essential aspects of meiosis I including the removal of cohesion between sister chromatids for homolog segregation, sister-kinetochore co-orientation and exit from meiosis I. Spol3 likely cooperates with Cdc5 to regulate some of these processes. SpoI3 controls kinetochore co-orientation and the retention of centromeric cohesion which is essential for accurate sister chromatid segregation in meiosis II. In sum, this work elucidated the roles of two important regulators of the meiotic cell cycle and defines a component of the complex regulatory circuit necessary for the specialized meiotic divisions.
by Brian H. Lee.
Ph.D.
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