Relevant bibliographies by topics / CdS Material

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'CdS Material'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 5 June 2025
Last updated: 24 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "CdS Material"

1

Huang, Jian Feng, Qin Feng Zhang, Bao Yun Hu, Li Yun Cao, and Jian Peng Wu. "Effect of Cd2+ Concentration on the CdS Crystallites Prepared by Microwave Hydrothermal Process." Key Engineering Materials 512-515 (June 2012): 203–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.512-515.203.

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Cadmium sulphide (CdS) crystallites were successfully prepared by a microwave hydrothermal (M–H) process using cadmium chloride (CdCl2·H2O) and sodium thiosulfate (Na2S2O3·5H2O) as source material with different Cd2+ concentration. The phase, composition, morphology and optical property of the obtained crystallites were characterized by X–ray diffraction (XRD), field–emission scanning electron microscopy (FE–SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and ultraviolet–visible spectrophotometer (UV–Vis). Results show that the crystalline structure of the prepared CdS crystallites changes regularly with the increase of Cd2+ concentration and the corresponding morphology of CdS crystallites transforms from tetrahedron to quasi-sphere. The quasi-spherical CdS is derived from the nanoparticles-assembly behavior. And with the increase of Cd2+ concentration, the decrease in CdS crystallite size is observed. Obvious blue–shift is detected in the UV–Vis absorption when Cd2+ concentration reaches 0.60 mol/L.
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Shajehan, Muhammad Rasyid Shah, Nurul Munirah Zamberi, Nur Afiqah Farihah Zaki, Anees Abdul Aziz, and Norhafizah Burham. "Simulation of Polyvinylidene Fluoride, Zinc Sulfide, and Cadmium Sulfide as Lead-Free Piezoelectric Material." Materials Science Forum 1055 (March 4, 2022): 63–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-w6029f.

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This paper presents a simulation of three different types of lead-free piezoelectric materials for energy harvesting. Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF), Zinc Sulfide (ZnS), and Cadmium Sulfide (CdS) are simulated using COMSOL Multiphysics to evaluate the frequency response and electrical potential for each materials. The simulation consisted of two parts which is 3D block cantilever for simulating frequency response and total displacement. The second part is 2D block bimorph to simulate power generated by varying frequency responses. The simulated result for the first shows that frequency response for each materials is differents for ZnS, PVDF and CdS which 30.897 kHz, 8.517 kHz, and 22.118 kHz. For total displacement is 303 µm which same for each materials. Each material is simulated for various cantilever beam thicknesses ranging from 1-4 µm and result ZnS having the greatest frequency response. For 2D block bimorph model, the highest electric potential is 0.75 V at 60 Hz frequency for ZnS. Meanwhile for CdS and PVDF has less electric potential which 0.6 V and 0.4V at 60 Hz frequency response. For power disspation, ZnS generate 10% more power compare to CdS and PVDF. In the end of the paper, ZnS is excellent lead free material compared to CdS and PVDF in term of aforementioned parameter studied.
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Zhou, Yiqun, Keenan Mintz, Cagri Oztan, et al. "Embedding Carbon Dots in Superabsorbent Polymers for Additive Manufacturing." Polymers 10, no. 8 (2018): 921. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym10080921.

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A type of orange carbon dots (O-CDs) synthesized via an ultrasonication route with citric acid and 1,2-phenylenediamine as precursors was embedded into sodium polyacrylate (SPA) as the ink for 3D printing. Characterizations of these spherical O-CDs revealed an ultra-small size (~2 nm) and excitation-independent, but solvent dependent, emission. The O-CDs were evenly distributed with low degree of aggregation in sodium polyacrylate (SPA), which was achieved due to the property that SPA can absorb water together with O-CDs. The 3D printed photoluminescent objective with the ink revealed a great potential for high yield application of these materials for additive manufacturing. This also represents the first time, bare CDs have been reported as a photoluminescent material in 3D printing, as well as the first time SPA has been reported as a material for 3D printing.
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Pang, Huixin. "Progress of Cds/Nife-Ldh Heterostructure and Its Applications in Photocatalysis." Applied and Computational Engineering 144, no. 1 (2025): 164–74. https://doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/2025.22564.

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As a renewable and environmentally friendly energy conversion technique, photocatalytic technology has a wide range of potential uses. Because of their suitable energy band structure and exceptional light-absorbing capacity, CdS materials exhibit significant promise in photocatalysis. However, challenges like the high rate of photogenerated carrier complexes and photocorrosion limit the practical application of CdS materials. Building composite heterostructures can help address the drawbacks of CdS materials. Of them, NiFe-LDH is the ideal material to enhance CdS's photocatalytic activity due to its layered structure, high stability, and large number of active sites. This review highlights the great potential of the CdS/NiFe-LDH heterostructure in the photocatalytic field by reviewing the fundamental properties of CdS and NiFe-LDH, as well as the preparation process, photocatalytic mechanism, and applications in the fields of carbon dioxide reduction, organic pollutant degradation, and photocatalytic hydrogen precipitation. The future development direction of this heterostructure and the difficulties (material stability, preparation cost, etc.) in practical application are finally discussed in this work. Future studies should focus on improving the properties of the substance and creating more effective preparation techniques in order to support its broad application in clean energy and environmental preservation and to lay the foundation for the industrial use of CdS/NiFe-LDH heterostructures.
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Fikriah, Kamelia, Talitha Alya Syaharani, Fitri Melinda, et al. "ANALYSIS OF LATTICE PARAMETER, ERROR, AND THE BANDGAP ENERGY IN CADMIUM SULFIDE (CdS) SEMICONDUCTOR MATERIAL." Spektra: Jurnal Fisika dan Aplikasinya 6, no. 2 (2021): 113–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/spektra.062.04.

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Has successfully analyzed the lattice parameter, error, and energy band gap of Cadmium Sulfide (CdS) material. CdS is a semiconductor material. In this study, the CdS used is a material with a cubic crystal structure using database from the International Center for Diffraction Data (ICDD), then the data is calculated using the Cramer-Cohen method. From these data the resulting lattice parameter of a = b = c = 5.823791777 Å with an average error of 0.00034%. The band gap energy calculation of CdS material is 2.477 eV.
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Alawiyah, Selly, Azrul Azwar, and Fatimah Arofiati Noor. "Study on the Effects of Protective Layer on the Electron and Hole Transmission of Cadmium Sulfide (CdS) Photocatalyst Based on a Simple Quantum Mechanical Model." PRISMA FISIKA 10, no. 3 (2023): 436. http://dx.doi.org/10.26418/pf.v10i3.60652.

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Cadmium Sulfide (CdS) is a photocatalyst material with a low energy band gap, which exhibits a potential application for the visible light spectrum. However, the serious photo-corrosion of CdS inhibits its wide applications. To prevent photo-corrosion, one can coat the CdS surface coated with an insulating material. The addition of this insulating layer will produce a barrier potential on the surface of the CdS thereby blocking the transmission of electrons and holes. If the thickness of this protective layer is thin enough the electron and hole can be transmitted by the quantum tunneling effect. Using a simple quantum mechanical model, the phenomena of electron and hole transmission through potential barriers due to the presence of a protective layer on the CdS surface can be analyzed. Based on this model, the effects of variations in thickness and type of protective layer on the performance of CdS photocatalyst materials are studied by calculating the transmission coefficient and injection efficiency values. The protective coatings used in this study were Aluminum Oxide (Al2O3), Hafnium Dioxide (HfO2), and Silicon Dioxide (SiO2). The results show that transmission decreases as the thickness of the protective increases. Among the three types of protective coatings used, HfO2 material has the potential to be used because it has the best injection efficiency value.
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Akila, A., S. Chandra Mohan, S. Karuppusamy, and K. Jothivenkatachalam. "Encapsulation of CdS/ZnO Hybrid Nanoparticles in Zeolite Y and its Photocatalytic Studies." Nano Hybrids and Composites 17 (August 2017): 246–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/nhc.17.246.

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The recent development of nanoparticles in commercial media has great attention due to uniformity and stability of the materials. In our present investigation cadmium sulfide (CdS), a direct bandgap semiconductor material has well defined optoelectronic properties in the applications of photocatalysis, photoelectrocatalytic and nonlinear optics. Zeolite which offers a perfect host material for the production of highly uniform nanoparticles with apparently circulated provisions and inhibiting the aggregation of nanoparticles and also helps in the protection from the attack by water and other reactive compounds. In order to stabilize the CdS nanoparticles and to prevent their aggregations, CdS is sheltered within the zeolite Y material. This novel assembly was synthesized by ion exchange method. In order to increase the photocatalytic activity of CdS, ZnO nanoparticles were incorporated into the zeolite Y assembly. The photocatalytic activity of the CdS/ZnO-Y towards the degradation of methyl orange was investigated under the visible light; it follows pseudo first order kinetics. After incorporation the composite loaded assembly (CdS/ZnO-Y) exhibits a superior photocatalytic activity due to the suppressed recombination rate of photogenerated charge carriers due to the synergy between the two semiconductor species. The as synthesized sample was characterized by UV DRS, FTIR and PL techniques.
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Nowsherwan, Ghazi Aman, Aurang Zaib, Aqeel Ahmed Shah, et al. "Preparation and Numerical Optimization of TiO2:CdS Thin Films in Double Perovskite Solar Cell." Energies 16, no. 2 (2023): 900. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16020900.

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This work focuses on preparing TiO2, CdS, and composite TiO2:CdS thin films for photovoltaic applications by thermal evaporation. The suggested materials exhibit very good optical and electrical properties and can play a significant role in enhancing the efficiency of the device. Various microscopy and spectroscopy techniques were considered to investigate the optical, morphological, photoluminescence, and electrical properties. FTIR confirms the material identification by displaying some peaks in the fingerprint region. UV Vis spectroscopy yields high transmission (80–90%) and low absorbance (5–10%) within the spectral region from 500 nm to 800 nm for the composite thin films. The optical band gap values for CdS, TiO2, and TiO2:CdS thin films are 2.42 eV, 3.72 eV, and 3.6 eV. XRD was utilized to analyze the amorphous nature of the thin films, while optical and SEM microscopy were employed to examine the morphological changes caused by the addition of CdS to TiO2. The decrease in the bandgap of the composite thin films was determined by the Tauc plot, which is endorsed due to the band tailing effects. Photoluminescence spectroscopy depicts several emission peaks in the visible region when they are excited at different wavelengths, and the electrical measurement enhances the material conductivity. Furthermore, the proposed electron transport materials (TiO2, CdS, TiO2:CdS) were simulated with different perovskite materials to validate their design by employing the SCAPS-1D program and assess their performance in commercial implementation. The observed results suggest that TiO2:CdS is a promising candidate to be used as an ETM in PSC with enhanced productivity.
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Xu, Mingdong, Wenqiang Li, Shun Liu, Tao Zhang, Simin Yin, and Sen Lai. "Preparation of PbTiO3-CdS nanocomposite material and its microstructure and photocatalytic properties." Characterization and Application of Nanomaterials 5, no. 1 (2022): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.24294/can.v5i1.1409.

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In order to explore the influence of the ferroelectric surface on the structure and properties of semiconductor oxides, the growth of CdS nanocrystals was regulated and controlled by taking single-crystal perovskite PbTiO3 nanosheets as the substrate through a simple hydrothermal method. Through composition design, a series of PbTiO3-CdS nanocomposite materials with different loading concentrations were prepared, and their microstructure and photocatalytic properties were systematically analyzed. Studies show that in the prepared product, CdS nanoparticles selectively grow on the surfaces of PbTiO3 nanosheets, and their morphology is affected by the exposed surfaces of PbTiO3 nanosheets. There is a clear interface between the PbTiO3 substrate and CdS nanoparticles. The concentration of the initial reactant and the time of hydrothermal reaction also significantly affect the crystal morphology of CdS. Photocatalysis studies have shown that the prepared PbTiO3-CdS nanocomposite material has a significant degradation effect on 10 mg/L of Rhodamine B aqueous solution. The degradation efficiency rises with the increase of CdS loading concentration. When degrading 10 mg/L Rhodamine B aqueous solution, the PbTiO3-CdS sample with a mass fraction of 3% can reach a degradation rate of 72% within 120 min.
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Ferragina, Carla, Romolo Rocco, Pasquale Patrono та Lucantonio Petrilli. "Cadmium ions and cadmium sulphide particles in γ-titanium dihydrogen phosphate. Synthesis, thermal behaviour and X-ray characterization". Open Chemistry 7, № 1 (2009): 31–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11532-008-0084-6.

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AbstractLayered compounds with CdS particles supported on the ion-exchanger, γ-titanium dihydrogen phosphate, were prepared by the stepwise reaction of the ion-exchanger and cadmium solution, followed by reaction with H2S gas. The CdS content on the ion-exchanger is dependent on the timeframe of the H2S gas flow. The materials obtained were layered, as shown by the X-ray measurements that exhibit both precursor and CdS diffraction peaks. The thermal treatment of the material obtained gives evidence of its stability (≤ 320°C) before the CdS decomposition, which occurs in a single step.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "CdS Material"

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Rowland-Jones, R. L. "A multi-variant investigation of CdTe/CdS photovoltaic material." Thesis, Bangor University, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.518693.

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Pan, Jie. "MATERIAL PROPERTY STUDY ON DYE SENSITIZED SOLAR CELLS AND CU(GA,IN)SE2 SOLAR CELLS." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1240594917.

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Pan, Jie. "Material property study on dye sensitized solar cells and cu(ga,in)se2 solar cells." Oxford, Ohio : Miami University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=miami1240594917.

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Ka, Oumar. "Composes 2-6 serigraphies : preparation et caracterisation de cds et cdte." Paris 6, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA066319.

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Etude des proprietes fondamentales (structures cristallographiques, proprietes transport, luminescence, etc. ) des couches cdte et cds deposees par serigraphie (depot de la pate contenant le semiconducteur desire, sechage puis frittage haute temperature). Application a la fabrication de photopiles solaires en raison de son faible cout
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Ehrhart, Gilles. "Élaboration et caractérisation de films vitreux nanostructurés par voie sol-gel. Mise en évidence du transfert d'énergie entre les nanoparticules semi-conductrices de CdS ou de ZnS et les ions Eu3+." Phd thesis, Université des Sciences et Technologie de Lille - Lille I, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00264740.

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Ce travail concerne l'élaboration et la caractérisation de guides d'onde planaires non dopés et dopés par des nanoparticules semi-conductrices et/ou des ions de terre rare. Ce type de dispositif trouve son intérêt dans l'étude de nouveaux systèmes dans le cadre des technologies avancées pour les télécommunications optiques. Il est bien connu que les systèmes optiques nécessite l'emploi d'amplificateurs afin de compenser les pertes optiques dans les circuits. Ces amplificateurs pourraient avoir un meilleur rendement et une plus grande souplesse grâce au transfert d'énergie entre nanoparticules semi-conductrices et ions de terre rare. En effet, les nanoparticules de semi-conducteur présentent d'une part des sections efficaces d'absorption plus importantes, de plusieurs ordres de grandeur que celles des ions de terre rare, et d'autre part des bandes d'absorption plus larges permettant l'accordabilité du pompage et l'augmentation du rendement optique. Afin d'étudier le phénomène de transfert d'énergie entre les nanoparticules de semiconducteur et les ions de terre rare, nous avons préparé des guides d'onde à base de ZrO<sub>2</sub>, non dopés et dopés, par le procédé sol-gel. Leurs propriétés optogéométriques ont été déterminées en utilisant la spectroscopie m-lines et en mesurant leurs coefficients d'atténuation. La spectroscopie Raman en configuration guidée a été utilisée pour caractériser la structure de ces guides et pour étudier les mécanismes accompagnant leur densification. Cette étude a été complétée par le biais de différentes techniques expérimentales telle que la spectroscopie d'émission utilisant l'ion Eu<sup>3+</sup> comme sonde structurale. La mise en évidence de l'influence du dopage par les ions Eu<sup>3+</sup> se traduit par un ralentissement du processus de densification du réseau de zircone. Un autre dopage a ensuite été opéré à l'aide de nanoparticules de CdS et de ZnS. Les précurseurs des métaux et du soufre ont été introduits directement dans le sol de ZrO<sub>2</sub> amenant à la précipitation in situ des particules lors du recuit. Leur taille et leurs propriétés d'émission ont été étudiées par les spectroscopies d'absorption UV-visible, d'émission et d'excitation. Enfin, le transfert d'énergie a été caractérisé lors du co-dopage de ZrO<sub>2</sub> par ZnS:Eu<sup>3+</sup>. La spectroscopie d'émission de l'ion Eu<sup>3+</sup> par excitation dans l'UV nous a montré une exaltation de rémission d'un facteur 42 à 10 K. La spectroscopie d'excitation de l'ion Eu<sup>3+</sup> a confirmé l'existence du transfert d'énergie par l'émergence d'une bande liée à l'absorption des particules.
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Gros-Jean, Mickaël. "Fabrication et caractérisation de structures nanocomposites silicium poreux/CdS." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999GRE10186.

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Ce travail est consacre a la fabrication et a la caracterisation de structures nanocomposites silicium poreux/cds. Une etude approfondie de la chimie des solutions contenant des ions cd + + et l'utilisation d'un precurseur de soufre tres reactif, la thioacetamide, ont permis de mettre au point un procede de depot de cds adapte au silicium poreux (faible ph et temperature ambiante). Ce procede de depot, appele depot sequentiel, utilise deux bains separes : un premier bain pour l'adsorption d'hydroxyde de cadmium et un deuxieme bain pour la transformation de cet hydroxyde de cadmium en cds. L'utilisation de techniques de caracterisation comme la spectrometrie auger, la spectrometrie rutherford, la spectrometrie d'electrons ou la diffraction des rayons x confirme qu'il se forme du cds dans les pores du silicium ce qui conduit par ailleurs a la compression de la structure poreuse. La spectrometrie d'electrons et la spectroscopie infrarouge revelent que le materiau poreux est oxyde par les bains de depot, ce qui est probablement a l'origine de la perte de ses proprietes de luminescence. La methylation prealable du squelette poreux avant depot de cds permet d'eviter cette oxydation. Les couches nanocomposites ainsi obtenues conservent leur propriete de photoluminescence et permettent d'obtenir des structures electroluminescentes pour des polarisations electriques d'environ 2 volts, avec cependant un rendement qui reste faible.
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Nygårds, Emma. "Optimering av CdS-buffertlager för alkalibehandlade CIGS-solceller." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Fasta tillståndets elektronik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-324427.

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An increase in conversion efficiency of CIGS thin film solar cells has been reached at Ångström Solar Center (ÅSC) due to an introduction of a post-deposition-treatment (PDT) with potassium fluoride (KF) on the CIGS absorber layer. The PDT will however affect the growth of the cadmium sulfide (CdS) buffer layer normally deposited on the CIGS layer. The purpose of this study has therefore been to increase the conversion efficiency of the CIGS solar cells by optimizing the process parameters when growing CdS with a chemical bath deposition process (CBD) on CIGS with KF-PDT. The purpose has also been to understand how CdS grows on CIGS with KF-PDT. CdS has been deposited with CBD on both CIGS with KF-PDT and on soda lime glass samples by varying process parameters such as time, bath temperature and concentrations. The solar cells were characterized using current-voltage measurements as well as external quantum efficiency measurements. Further methods of analysis were profilometry, x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. It was found that the solar cells with the best performance were obtained at a bath temperature of 70 °C, process time of 3 min after preheating the cadmium acetate and ammonia solutions for 6 min and using the concentrations of the baseline process for CBD of CdS at ÅSC. The best cell of this sample resulted in a conversion efficiency of 19.1 % without antireflective coating.
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Khallaf, Hani. "Chemical Bath Deposition of Group II-VI Semiconductor Thin Films for Solar Cells Applications." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2009. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/2101.

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Chemical bath deposition (CBD) is the analog in liquid phase of the well-known chemical vapor deposition technique in the vapor phase. In CBD, deposition of thin films takes place from aqueous solutions at low temperatures by a chemical reaction between dissolved precursors, with the help of a complexing agent. Among all techniques used to grow Group II-VI semiconductors, CBD has the advantage of being a simple, low temperature, and inexpensive large-area deposition technique. So far, its contribution in thin film solar cells industry has been mainly limited to growing n-type CdS and/or ZnS window layers for CdTe-based and CIGS-based solar cells. In this work we first optimize the CBD process of CdS using nitrilotriacetic acid and hydrazine as complexing agents as an alternative to ammonia. We then study the effect of the cadmium precursor on the optical/electrical properties, as well as crystal structure, morphology, and composition of CBD-CdS films. A better understanding of the CBD process of CdS as a whole has been achieved and high quality CBD-CdS films have been obtained. Next, we investigate in-situ doping of CBD-CdS with group III elements, such as B, Al, In, and Ga. The objective is to show that CBD is capable of not only growing CdS but also of doping it to reduce its resistivity and, as a result, facilitate its use in solar cells as well as other optoelectronic device fabrication. A four orders of magnitude drop of film resistivity has been achieved without a significant change in film bandgap, structure, or morphology. Finally, we test the possibility of using CBD to grow transparent conducting oxide (TCO) films, such as Al-doped ZnO films and cadmium stannate films. First, we study CBD of ZnO and later in-situ doping of ZnO using Al. High quality ZnO thin films have been grown using CBD with the help of four different complexing agents. Post heat treatment in argon ambient helped reduce resistivity of CBD-ZnO undoped films to ~ 10-1 &#937;-cm. In-situ doping of such films using Al shows promising results. Such films could be an alternative to indium tin oxide (ITO) layers that are commonly used as TCO layers for solar cells. Another approach is to use CBD to grow CdO and SnO2 thin films, with the goal of obtaining Cd2SnO4 by later annealing of these two layers. Cadmium stannate is another TCO candidate that could replace ITO in the near future. We have succeeded in growing CBD-CdO thin films using three different complexing agents. Undoped CBD-CdO films with a resistivity as low as 1.01 x10-2 [omega]-cm and a carrier density as high as 2.59 x 1020 cm-3 have been obtained. SnO2 films have been successfully grown using CBD. Fabrication of Cadmium stannate thin films using CBD is investigated. In summary, our objective to expand the use of CBD beyond just growing CdS and ZnS, and to test the possibility of using it for in-situ doping of group II-VI semiconductors as well as TCO layers fabrication proved to be successful. We believe that this may have a significant impact on solar cells as well as other optoelectronic devices fabrication industry, due to the simplicity and the cost-effectiveness of CBD.<br>Ph.D.<br>Department of Physics<br>Sciences<br>Physics PhD
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Jia, Tiantian. "Photocatalytic hydrogen production over layered materials." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:6426c02b-f2b1-4326-a767-2384c303faf3.

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The technology of semiconductor-based photocatalytic water splitting to produce hydrogen using solar energy has been considered as one of the most important approaches to solve the world energy crisis. Therefore, the development of the effective semiconductor photocatalysts has undergone considerable research. However, the traditional photocatalysts suffer from the negative effects from rapid charge recombination, which reduces the excited charges by emitting light or generating phonons. Efficient charge separation and fast charge transport, avoiding any bulk/surface recombination, are fundamentally important for photocatalytic hydrogen generation through water splitting. Here, we have introduced assembled layered materials as photocatalyst systems with their unique physicochemical properties to realize the effective charge separation and high photocatalytic activity. Using graphene as a two-dimensional supporting matrix, we have succeeded in selective anchoring of semiconductor and metal nanoparticles as separate catalytically active sites on the graphene surface. The ability of graphene to capture, transfer and store electrons and its potential to serve as a conductive support are demonstrated. The TiO<sub>2</sub> semiconductor/metals nanocrystals-graphene ensemble makes it possible to carry out selective catalytic processes at the separate sites and provides the potentials for applications in water splitting reactions. After demonstrating the positive role of graphene in such photocatalytic system, we then fabricate a simple but highly cooperative ensemble with CdS and MoS<sub>2</sub> nanocrystals dispersed on graphene sheets. It is demonstrated that CdS nanocrystals can also capture visible light energy and facilitate excited electron transfer to MoS<sub>2</sub> (as metal substituent) for catalytic hydrogen production via the 2-D graphene which plays a key role as an efficient electron mediator. Hexagonal multilayer MoS<sub>2</sub> with a layered structure in this system serves to provide active sites for hydrogen evolution by its exposed Mo edges. Hence, multilayer MoS<sub>2</sub> is an ideal cocatalyst of semiconductors for hydrogen generation. This crystalline-layered structure also shows semiconducting properties, however, its characteristic indirect band gap displays a poor light capture and emission ability with excited electrons and holes with different momentum. In contrast, single layer MoS<sub>2</sub> shows a direct band gap behavior. Our studies have clearly shown that single layer MoS<sub>2</sub> prepared with lithium intercalation indeed displays encouraging results in hydrogen evolution due to the direct band gap and quantum confinement effects. In addition, the exfoliated single layer MoS<sub>2</sub> exhibits extraordinary enhanced activity and stability in combination with the Eosin Y sensitized system when compared to those of multilayer MoS<sub>2</sub> and bulk MoS<sub>2</sub> counterparts, which is attributed to the improvement of the density of surface active sites with stronger adsorption for the Eosin Y molecules on the single layer MoS<sub>2</sub>. In addition, this multifunctional catalyst on graphene sheet can also create adsorption sites on a defective basal surface of single layer MoS<sub>2</sub> through adsorption of Eosin Y where electron transfer from photoexcited Eosin Y molecule to graphene via the 2-D MoS<sub>2</sub> mainly takes place. Thus, the photo-generated electrons are then effectively transported to the exposed active sites of MoS<sub>2</sub> for the proton reduction to hydrogen molecule. It is believed the above novel assembled molecular layered systems may be applicable for a wide range of catalytic,photocatalytic and electrocatalytic reactions.
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Colbert, Mark. "APPEARANCE-DRIVEN MATERIAL DESIGN." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2008. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/2608.

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In the computer graphics production environment, artists often must tweak specific lighting and material parameters to match a mind's eye vision of the appearance of a 3D scene. However, the interaction between a material and a lighting environment is often too complex to cognitively predict without visualization. Therefore, artists operate in a design cycle, where they tweak the parameters, wait for a visualization, and repeat, seeking to obtain a desired look. We propose the use of appearance-driven material design. Here, artists directly design the appearance of reflected light for a specific view, surface point, and time. In this thesis, we discuss several methods for appearance-driven design with homogeneous materials, spatially-varying materials, and appearance-matching materials, where each uses a unique modeling and optimization paradigm. Moreover, we present a novel treatment of the illumination integral using sampling theory that can utilize the computational power of the graphics processing unit (GPU) to provide real-time visualization of the appearance of various materials illuminated by complex environment lighting. As a system, the modeling, optimization and rendering steps all operate on arbitrary geometry and in detailed lighting environments, while still providing instant feedback to the designer. Thus, our approach allows materials to play an active role in the process of set design and story-telling, a capability that was, until now, difficult to achieve due to the unavailability of interactive tools appropriate for artists.<br>Ph.D.<br>School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science<br>Engineering and Computer Science<br>Computer Science PhD
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Books on the topic "CdS Material"

1

Service, Library of Congress Cataloging Distribution. New from CDS: Catalog supplement, January-May 1993. The Service, 1992.

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Funke, Cornelia Caroline. Die Wilden Huhner und das Gluck der Erde. 3 CDs. Jumbo Neue Medien, 2001.

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Sirotkin, Rostislav. Fundamentals of modern materials science. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2025. https://doi.org/10.12737/2111845.

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The textbook provides data on current trends in the expansion and change of the range of materials used in practice and the problems of the fundamental formation of materials science in the 21st century. The modern conceptual and theoretical fundamental principles of materials science as a unified scientific and educational discipline based on four basic scientific innovations are outlined. It is shown that the unity of the nature of metallic and non-metallic organic (carbon) and inorganic (carbon-free) polymer materials and the specifics of their differences in structure and properties are revealed through a universal system of basic materialistic concepts, a multilevel classification of their structures, a single model of chemical bonding of elements of the microstructure of chemical bonding and a system of chemical bonds and compounds (CCS). The practical foundations of a universal methodology for designing the structure, properties and technologies of modern metallic, non-metallic and mixed types of materials (metals, polymers, ceramics, etc.) are considered. It meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation. For students studying in various fields of engineering and technology, gaining knowledge in general and applied materials science, as well as for graduate students, researchers and teachers specializing in this scientific field.
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Section, Library of Congress Cataloging Distribution Service Customer Services. Bring Library of Congress professional tools and bibliographic resources to your library: Your guide to customer service from CDS. Library of Congress, Customer Services Section, Cataloging Distribution Service, 1992.

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Library of Congress. Cataloging Distribution Service. Customer Services Section. Bring Library of Congress professional tools and bibliographic resources to your library: Your guide to customer service from CDS. Library of Congress, Customer Services Section, Cataloging Distribution Service, 1992.

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Library of Congress. Cataloging Distribution Service. Customer Services Section. Bring Library of Congress professional tools and bibliographic resources to your library: Your guide to customer service from CDS. Library of Congress, Customer Services Section, Cataloging Distribution Service, 1992.

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Sandwisch, D. W. High-throughput manufacturing of thin-film CdS/CdTe photovoltaic modules: Annual subcontract report 16 September 1996 - 15 January 1998. National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1998.

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1928-, Moran Robert, and Business Communications Co, eds. Optical discs: Markets, technologies, materials. Business Communications Co., 1989.

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1942-, Lendrum Susan, ed. Case material and role play in counselling training. Routledge, 1995.

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Chapron, Françoise. Les CDI (centres de documentation et d'information) des lycées et collèges. Presses universitaires de France, 1999.

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Book chapters on the topic "CdS Material"

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Graham, Colin C., and Kathryn E. Hare. "Background Material." In CMS Books in Mathematics. Springer US, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5392-5_13.

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Akivis, Maks A., and Vladislav V. Goldberg. "Foundational Material." In CMS Books in Mathematics. Springer New York, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-387-21511-5_1.

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Shenoy, Aravind, and Anirudh Prabhu. "Material Design Lite Explained." In CSS Framework Alternatives. Apress, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4842-3399-3_5.

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Larsen, Olga Popovic. "Supplementary material from chapters 7, 9 and 10." In Conceptual Structural Design. ICE Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/csd.65987.189.

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Larsen, Olga Popovic. "Scientific principles and materials: Design through new possibilities." In Conceptual Structural Design. ICE Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/csd.65987.053.

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Klingshirn, C., M. Wegener, C. Dörnfeld, M. Lambsdorff, J. Y. Bigot, and F. Fidorra. "Optical Bistability in CdS and Related Materials." In Springer Proceedings in Physics. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-46580-2_36.

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Larsen, Olga Popovic. "The new era: Design tools, methods and new materials." In Conceptual Structural Design. ICE Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/csd.65987.091.

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Wang, W. L., K. J. Liao, Jian Zhang, P. Yu, and G. B. Liu. "Analysis of Optical Properties and Structure for CdS Films." In Materials Science Forum. Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-960-1.3721.

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Thongtem, Titipun, Anukorn Phuruangrat, and Somchai Thongtem. "Phase Transformation of Nanocrystalline CdS Synthesized by Solvothermal Reaction." In Materials Science Forum. Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-431-6.777.

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Kim, Hoon Jung, Mi Jeong Han, and Eunkyoung Kim. "CdS/Polystyrene Block Copolymer Nanocomposites Modified with Polar Functional Groups." In Key Engineering Materials. Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-958-x.1035.

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Conference papers on the topic "CdS Material"

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Reed, D. T. "Corrosion of Copper-Based Materials in Gamma-Irradiated Air/Water Vapor Systems." In CORROSION 1992. NACE International, 1992. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1992-92474.

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Abstract Experiments were performed to investigate the atmospheric corrosion of copper-based materials in an irradiated air/water vapor system. The three materials investigated were oxygen-free copper (CDA-102), 7% aluminum-bronze (CDD-613), and 70-30 cupronickel (CDA-715). To support the corrosion studies, a number of irradiation studies were performed to characterize the gas phase radiation chemistry of the system. Both copper oxide and nitrate phases were identified as corrosion products depending on the dose rate, humidity and temperature. Uniform corrosion rates increased with temperature, humidity, and dose rate. A clear tie between the radiolytic products generated in the gas phase and the corrosion observed was established.
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Malko, Anton V. "Highly stable biexciton-exciton single photon pairs from CdS/CdSe/CdS quantum shells." In Nanoscale and Quantum Materials: From Synthesis and Laser Processing to Applications 2025, edited by Andrei V. Kabashin, Maria Farsari, and Masoud Mahjouri-Samani. SPIE, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3042313.

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Zhang, Jiaxuan, Junning Cui, Qijun Yang, Zhenghao Li, Yanchi Li, and Ruiting Wang. "Synthesis and application of CdS materials in bandgap photonic sensing systems." In International Conference on Optoelectronic Science and Intelligent Sensing (ICOIS25), edited by Jinhui Song and Weigang Hou. SPIE, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3070176.

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Krishnan, Karthik, Cheng Chau Lum, and Arpana Verma. "Corrosion and Cracking Performance of Stainless Steels and Nickel Alloys in CCS Environments - Part II." In CONFERENCE 2025. AMPP, 2025. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2025-00429.

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Abstract Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) technology which involves capturing CO2 and injecting into geological formations is seen as a focus area for reducing CO2 emissions and sustainable future. One of the key challenges for CCS is material selection for construction of wells for injection and storage where the materials can be subjected to a complex environmental mix with various impurities present in the CO2 stream along with different phases within the well. Knowledge and understanding of corrosion and cracking performance of various materials in different environmental conditions relevant to CCS wells can provide a basis for material selection. Being a relatively new field there is an effort to build up knowledge base via testing, characterizing materials suitable for long term well service. In this study, which is continuation of work published last year, supermartensitic, duplex stainless steels along with Precipitation Hardenable (PH) Nickel Alloys were tested for both corrosion and cracking performance in low pH corrosive CCS type environments. The testing simulated exposure to injected fluid phase, interface between injected fluid and water phase and completely immersed in water phase. The details of testing performed results obtained along with discussions is presented so that it can provide guidance on material compatibility in the more corrosive CCS environments.
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Krishnan, Karthik, Cheng Chau Lum, and Arpana Verma. "Corrosion and Cracking Performance of Stainless Steels and Nickel Alloys in CCS Environments." In CONFERENCE 2024. AMPP, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2024-20962.

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Abstract Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) technology which involves capturing CO2 and injecting into geological formations is seen as a focus area for reducing CO2 emissions and sustainable future. One of the key challenges for CCS is material selection for construction of wells for injection and storage where the materials can be subjected to a complex environmental mix with various impurities present in the CO2 stream along with different phases within the well. Knowledge and understanding of corrosion and cracking performance of various materials in different environmental conditions relevant to CCS wells can provide a basis for material selection. Being a relatively new field there is an effort to build up knowledge base via testing, characterizing materials suitable for long term well service. In this study, martensitic, supermartensitic and super duplex stainless steels along with Age Hardenable (AH) Nickel Alloy were tested for both corrosion and cracking performance in different CCS type environments. The testing simulated exposure to injected fluid phase, interface between injected fluid and water phase and completely immersed in water phase. The details of testing performed results obtained along with discussions is presented so that it can provide guidance on material compatibility for some of the CCS environments.
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van Haaften, Willem Maarten, Hisashi Amaya, Bostjan Bezensek, Yuji Arai, Brian Chambers, and Hiroki Kamitani. "Material Selection for Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) Wells." In CONFERENCE 2023. AMPP, 2023. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2023-18760.

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Abstract The goal of the Paris Agreement is to limit global warming to below 2°C, preferably 1.5°C, compared to pre-industrial levels. While the world is slowly transitioning to more sustainable energy sources to reach this target, one of the ways to reduce the CO2 in the atmosphere is to capture it and store it in depleted gas fields. Multiple of these so-called Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) projects are being developed and they require a different design philosophy compared to conventional hydrocarbon projects. The material selection is an important and integral part of that. This paper shows how to assess and develop steel tubulars for the conditions in a CCS well. Potential failure scenarios due to low temperature embrittlement, environmentally-assisted cracking and corrosion are reviewed. Low temperature suitability is explored for carbon and low alloy steels using available test data, e.g. Charpy impact energy and fracture toughness data. A fracture toughness model is validated for low alloy material grades L80-1 and proprietary 110 ksi sour grade in this paper to support the CCS wells design framework. This is combined with other material selection strategies to mitigate the corrosion and cracking threats, and to achieve a safe and cost-effective material selection for the CCS wells.
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Zayas-Bazan, P. G., K. Gutierrez Z-B, O. de Melo, et al. "Study of CdS nanowires for use as window material in CdS/CdTe solar cells." In 2018 IEEE 7th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion (WCPEC) (A Joint Conference of 45th IEEE PVSC, 28th PVSEC & 34th EU PVSEC). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pvsc.2018.8547308.

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Ghosh, Anirudha, Sanhita Paul, and Satyabrata Raj. "Structural stability of CdS nanoparticles." In PROCEEDING OF INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON RECENT TRENDS IN APPLIED PHYSICS AND MATERIAL SCIENCE: RAM 2013. AIP, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4810100.

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Narang, Anny, Gurvir Kaur, Mamta Sharma, et al. "Preparation and Characterization of CdSe∕CdS∕PVA Core∕shell Material." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCES IN CONDENSED AND NANO MATERIALS (ICACNM-2011). AIP, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3653675.

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Sam, S. Rinu, Fergy John, and Sherin John Joseph. "Structural and optical properties of pure and Cu2+ doped CdS nanoparticles." In PROCEEDINGS OF ADVANCED MATERIAL, ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY. AIP Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0019852.

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Reports on the topic "CdS Material"

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Sekoni, Tosin, Mark Eberle, Brian Durham, and Matthew Balazik. The use of native vegetation for structural stability in dredged material placement areas : a case study of Beneficial Use Site 4A, Chocolate Bayou, Brazoria County, Texas. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/47588.

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This technical note is the third in a series about using native plant communities to enhance dredge material placement areas (DMPAs), confined disposal facilities (CDFs), and projects where dredged sediments are used for various engineering purposes. DMPAs and CDFs occur in numerous locations spanning different geographic locations nationwide. Oftentimes, these containment dikes are constructed using earthen materials. The materials are either barged in from an off-site location or obtained on-site from new or virgin materials, consisting of heavy clay particles and sediments removed from the nearby channel. In the Gulf Coast region of the United States, new or virgin materials are obtained during channel deepening activities using mechanical or hydraulic dredging methods. Examples of these dredging methods include hopper dredge, pipeline dredge, and excavator or bucket dredge. When materials are considered suitable for beneficial use purposes, and following environmental compliance, the materials are often used to construct containment dikes in DMPAs and CDFs. The project site used in this study—Beneficial Use Site 4A (BUS 4A)—used dredged material during its construction and has periodically received dredged material to maintain its target elevation of 2 ft (0.67 m) above the mean lower low water; hence, this site presents an opportunity for use as a demonstration study. Project goals include (1) demonstrating the use of native plant communities to provide structural stability, (2) introducing targeted vegetation establishment on DMPAs and CDFs as a management strategy to improve engineering and environmental outcomes, and (3) providing technology transfer to the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) districts through hands-on planting techniques and installation of natural material (in this demonstration, coir logs).
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Myers, Tommy E., and David W. Bowman. Bioremediation of PAH-Contaminated Dredged Material at the Jones Island CDF: Materials, Equipment, and Initial Operations. Defense Technical Information Center, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada368194.

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Harriss, Lydia, and Andrew Stretton. Access to critical materials. Parliamentary Office of Science and Technology, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.58248/pn609.

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Critical materials (CMs) are key to UK manufacturing, including for the aerospace, automotive, energy and chemical sectors, which rely on materials typically extracted and processed abroad. CMs are vital components of several emerging technologies, including electric vehicles, renewable energy infrastructure such as wind turbines, and digital technologies such as computers and smartphones. The UK imports most of its CMs and faces international competition for key resources. This POSTnote looks at the demand and supply of CMs in the UK and ways of improving supply security.
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Cárdenas Cleves, Lina Marcela, Anyi Milena Muñoz Chávez, Ángela María Franco-Calderón, Cristhian David Acevedo Sánchez, and Luisa Arango Vásquez. Use of construction and remolition waste (CDW) in public spaces. Universidad del Valle, 2024. https://doi.org/10.25100/policy-briefs.pb.14-eng.

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Population growth, urbanisatioon, and production-consumption patterns linked to a linear economy have resulted in a continuous increase in solid waste generation (UNEP. 2016). The construction sector, significantly contributing to GDP globally, is responsible for producing a specific type of solid waste known as Construction and Demolition Waste (CDW). CDW stems from excavation, construction, demolition, repairs, or improvement activities in buildings or civil works (Ministry of Environment and Sustainable Development, 2017a). Globally, approximately 10 billion tonnes of CDW are generated annually, with expectations of continued growth (Wu et al., 2019). Faced with the need to seek alternatives for CDW management and reuse, this Policy Brief analyses the characteristics of these materials, offers recommendations for their use, and presents a case study on CDW use in the design and construction of public spaces.
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Theiling, Charles, Eric Hanson, Daniel Adams, and Burton Suedel. Rolling Prairie, Minnesota, beneficial use area : a 100-year plan for multiuse land management and restoration using dredged sediment. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/48511.

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Inland waterway dredged sediment management is challenged by a lack of capacity in existing dredged material confined disposal facilities (CDFs) and a lack of available land to place sediment near frequently dredged navigation channels. Navigation operation and maintenance (O&amp;M) dredging, material management, and coordination costs are increasing, and alternative long-term solutions are required. In response, the US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE), St. Paul District has addressed the challenge by investigating regional sediment management and beneficial use of dredged material when updating navigation pool–specific dredged material management plans (DMMP). The recently completed Pool 5 DMMP planning identified a 950 acre (384 ha)* placement site consisting of several land parcels available from willing sellers that will accommodate a “100-year plan” for dredged material management (USACE 2019). This technical note describes the multiple-use site plan that creates sand prairie and wetland habitat, provides public access to sand stockpiles, and implements agriculture studies with the University of Minnesota to evaluate the benefits of dredged material (i.e., sand) amendments in alluvial cropland soils, which has not been widely investigated. The Rolling Prairie site will demonstrate benefits of “distributed DMMPs” in which thin-layer placement on agricultural land near dredging locations can supplement traditional disposal methods. It also shows the advantage of having a large placement site to achieve multiple objectives.
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Vandome, Christopher. How can African states benefit from the EU Critical Raw Material Act and the UK Critical Minerals Strategy? APRI - Africa Policy Research Private Institute gUG (haftungsbeschränkt)., 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.59184/pb024.08.

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Paschen, Marius, Felix Meier, and Wilfried Rickels. Working paper on the numerical modelling framework to compare different accounting schemes. OceanNets, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3289/oceannets_d1.1_v3.

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Any integration of extra carbon dioxide removal (CDR) via terrestrial or marine sink enhancement into climate policies requires accounting for their effectiveness in reducing atmospheric carbon concentration. Different accounting methods have been introduced to quantify the impacts of sink enhancements. Here, we provide a manual for the different accounting methods, accompanying the implementation of the accounting methods in a R-file which is free for download. Hence, the material allows applying the different accounting ethods and for demonstration purposes we provide a numerical example.
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Payer. L51902 Cathodic Disbondment of Pipeline Coatings under Realistic Field Conditions.pdf. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010432.

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The primary objective of this study was to determine the cathodic disbonding behavior of several pipeline coating materials under realistic conditions and to compare the results with laboratory tests that are commonly used to evaluate CD performance of coatings. Laboratory tests were run under more realistic conditions to simulate field conditions for three types of coatings. The move toward more realistic conditions was accomplished by:-substitution of soil extract solutions for the 3% NaCl solution,-application of a lower level of polarization during the test, either -1.0 or -1.1 VΠCCS instead of Π1.4 V-CCS for the standard test condition,-addition of sand to simulate a moist soil rather than a fully immersed condition,-elevated temperature to examine the effect of temperature.A standard cathodic disbondment test was run for direct comparison.
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Fitz, Julie, Stephanie Levin, and Marjorie E. Wechsler. Developing educational leaders in California: The 21st Century California School Leadership Academy. Learning Policy Institute, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.54300/515.306.

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The purpose of this study was to understand how 21CSLA is meeting the professional learning needs of educational leaders, how the academy fits within the broader state infrastructure for supporting educational improvement, and how state agencies can enable 21CSLA to contribute to an effective educational leader workforce. The study is based on a review of internal and external evaluation results; materials posted on California Department of Education (CDE), 21CSLA State Center, and regional academy websites; and interviews with regional academy leaders, State Center leaders, and internal and external program evaluators.
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Barnes, Teresa. Collaborative Research and Development by EpiSolar and NREL of Processes and Materials for Flexible CdS/CdTe Superstrate Devices: Cooperative Research and Development Final Report, CRADA Number CRD-14-550. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1255203.

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