Dissertations / Theses: 'Cedrus'

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Bou, Dagher-Kharrat Magida. "Caractérisation du génome et structuration géographique de la diversité génétique du genre Cedrus." Paris 6, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA066275.

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NEZZAR, HOCINE HOURIA. "Associations mycorhiziennes naturelles de cedrus atlantica dans le massif du djurdjura (algerie) et mycorhization controlee." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998CLF21996.

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Associations mycorhiziennes naturelles de cedrus atlantica dans le massif du djurdjura (algerie) et mycorhization controlee l'etude a porte sur la mycorhization naturelle de cedrus atlantica dans un peuplement naturel d'algerie et dans une pepiniere traditionnelle ainsi que sur le controle de la mycorhization au laboratoire et en pepiniere. Un inventaire de la macroflore fongique de la cedraie a permis l'identification d'un grand nombre d'especes (une centaine appartenant a 48 genres) ; ce sont des especes communes sous coniferes ou feuillus de montagne ; de nombreuses especes sont mycorhiziennes (70%). Une synthese bibliographique realisee a partir de releves effectues dans les cedraies du maghreb (algerie et maroc) et du midi de la france a permis de denombrer 193 especes mycorhiziennes, dont 15 seulement semblent specifiques du cedre. Les relations entre l'apparition des carpophores et les elements climatiques ont ensuite ete etudiees. Les temperatures et pluviometries favorables ont ete precisees. Une typologie des mycorhizes presentes sur les racines des cedres de peuplements naturels d'ages differents a fait apparaitre une grande diversite des types mycorhyziens. Une ebauche de classification typomorphologique a ete proposee. 26 types (sur plus de 30 types observes) ont pu etre classes. Certains d'entre eux ont pu etre mis en relation avec des especes fongiques precises. Le potentiel infectieux ectomycorhizien de la terre de cedraie estime a partir d'un essai biologique avec pinus sylvestris s'est revele tres riche quantitativement et qualitativement. L'apport de terre de cedraie dans des substrats de culture adaptes a conduit a la formation de mycorhizes typiques. En revanche le sol de la pepiniere traditionnelle la plus importante de la region s'est montre peu receptif a la mycorhization. L'etude de la croissance mycelienne radiale de quelques especes mycorhiziennes a permis de mettre au point un milieu de culture optimal pour la production d'inoculum fongique. L'association mycorhizienne entre le cedre et divers champignons a ete realisee en conditions semi-axeniques et gnotoxeniques, mais a echoue en conditions axeniques. La mycorhization a pu etre obtenue pour la premiere fois a partir de cultures myceliennes de 5 especes de champignons : laccaria laccata, tricholoma tridentinum var cedretorum, hebeloma crustuliniforme, h. Cylindrosporum, cenoccoccum graniforme. D'autres formes d'inoculum ont egalement ete testees avec succes : spores de differentes truffes, racines excisees porteuses de mycorhizes (h. Mesophaeum), terre contenant des propagules de champignon (scleroderma verrucosum). Seul laccaria laccata s238 a a la fois stimule la croissance de la partie aerienne du cedre et fructifie en conteneur. L'influence de l'architecture racinaire du cedre et celle des conditions de culture, en particulier la nature du substrat, sur la mycorhization sont discutees.

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Paoli, Mathieu. "Analyse par RMN1H et RMN13C d'huiles essentielles et d'extraits (cedrus atlantica G. Manetti et Taxus baccata Linné)." Corte, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011CORT0010.

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Les produits naturels issus de la biomasse végétale connaissent depuis quelques années un succès grandissant dans de nombreuses industries (pharmacie, agroalimentaire, parfums et cosmétiques). L’objectif de notre étude était, d’une part de contribuer au développement des méthodes d’identification et de quantification des constituants des mélanges naturels par RMN 13C et MN1H, et d’autre part, de contribuer à la caractérisation chimique de végétaux poussant en Corse en vue d’une valorisation potentielle. La première partie de nos travaux concerne la caractérisation chimique de l’huile essentielle de bois de cèdre de l’Atlas, Cedrus atlantica Manetti, introduit en Corse et présent dans diverses forêts. L’analyse détaillée d’un échantillon de cette huile essentielle, réalisée par combinaison de techniques chromatographiques et spectroscopiques, nous a permis d’identifier divers composés possédant le squelette himachalane ou bisabolane non encore référencés dans la bibliothèque de spectres « Terpènes » propre au laboratoire. Il s’agit de la (E)--atlantone, de la (Z)--atlantone, de l’himachalol et de l’allohimachalol. L'analyse de 48 échantillons obtenus à partir d’arbres situés dans les 5 forêts référencées par l’Office National des Forêts de Corse (Bavella, Bonifato, l’Ospedale, Pineta et Vizzavona) et dans quelques stations isolées, associée au traitement statistique des résultats (ACP, k-means et classification hiérarchique ascendante), a permis de mettre en évidence la variabilité chimique intraspécifique de cette huile essentielle. Les échantillons se répartissent en deux groupes, de compositions chimiques très rarement décrites dans la littérature, en fonction de leur teneur élevée en -pinène (groupe I) ou en himachalol (groupe II). Notre deuxième objectif était de contribuer au développement de la méthode d’analyse des taxanes en mélange par RMN 13C, développée au laboratoire. Pour ce faire, nous avons dans un premier temps, mis en œuvre deux protocoles de fractionnement d’extraits au méthanol et à l’éthanol de feuilles d’if (Taxus baccata L. ) de Corse. Nous avons ainsi identifié 11 taxanes, dont 5 non encore référencés dans la bibliothèque de spectres « taxanes » du laboratoire (désacétyltaxine B, 5-cinnamoyltaxicine I, 2,9-désacétyltaxinine, 3,11-cyclotaxinine NN2 et 2-désacétyltaxinine J). Dans un second temps, nous avons mis au point et validé une méthode de quantification des taxanes par RMN 13C en utilisant la 10-désacétylbaccatine III (10-DAB III) comme composé modèle et l’hexane-1,6-diol comme référence interne. Cette méthode pouvant être extrapolée aux composés possédant le squelette taxane, nous l’avons appliquée à la quantification de ces derniersdans les extraits au solvant de T. Baccata. Dans une dernière partie, nous avons mis au point et validé (justesse, linéarité et précision des mesures) un protocole expérimental de quantification par RMN 1H sur 39 terpènes purs appartenant à différentes familles chimiques (oléfines, alcools, cétones, aldéhydes, esters, oxydes, phénylpropanoïdes, azotés) puis en mélange. Cette procédure quantitative s’est avérée fiable, rapide et complémentaire de la CPG. Elle a été appliquée à la quantification des composés majoritaires de diverses huiles essentielles et elle est susceptible d’être utilisée pour l’analyse d’un grand nombre d’échantillons (dosage en routine des constituants caractéristiques) et permettre ainsi de répondre aux exigences de contrôle de qualité concernant ce type de produits naturels voire des exsudats et des extraits végétaux Natural products isolated from plants acquired, in recent years, a growing success in many industries (pharmacy, agri-food, perfume and cosmetics). The objective of our study was to contribute, on the one hand, to the development of methods involving 13C and 1H NMR for the identification and quantification of the components of natural mixtures, and on the other hand, to the chemical characterization of plants growing in Corsica for their potential valorization. The first part of our work concerned the chemical characterization of the wood oil of Cedrus atlantica Manetti, introduced forty years ago and now growing wild in various Corsican forests. Detailed analysis, using the combination of chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques, of a wood oil sample allowed the identification of various compounds bearing the himachalane or bisabolane skeletons, which were still unreferenced in our home-made NMR spectral data library: (E)--atlantone, (Z)--atlantone, himachalol and allohimachalol. In addition, the analysis of 48 samples obtained from trees located in five forests referenced by the Office National des Forêts of Corsica (Bavella, Bonifato, Ospedale, Pineta and Vizzavona) as well as in a few isolated locations, associated with statistical treatment of the results (PCA, k-means and hierarchical clustering), suggested the occurrence of a chemical variability within the investigated samples. Samples are divided into two groups, whom chemical compositions were rarely described in the literature, based on their high contents in -pinene (Group I) or himachalol (Group II). Our second objective was to contribute to the development of an analytical method, based on 13C NMR, for identification and quantification of taxanes in natural mixtures. To reach this goal, we have first implemented two protocols of fractionation of methanol and ethanol extracts of leaves of yew (Taxus baccata L. ). Eleven taxane derivatives, including five compounds not yet referenced in our home-made NMR spectral data library (deacetyltaxine B, 5-cinnamoyltaxicine I, 2,9-deacetyltaxinine, 3,11-cyclotaxinine NN2 and 2-deacetyltaxinine J) have been identified. Then, we have developed and validated a method for quantification of taxanes by 13C NMR using 10-DAB-III as model compound and hexane-1,6-diol as internal standard. The experimental procedure was applied to the quantification of the previously identified taxanes present in the extracts of T. Baccata. This method can be extrapolated to other compounds bearing the taxane skeleton. In the last part of this work, we developed a method that allows direct quantitative determination of terpenes in natural mixtures, using 1H NMR. The quantitative procedure was checked and validated (accuracy, linearity and precision of measurements) with 39 commercially available terpenes of different chemical families (olefins, alcohols, ketones, aldehydes, esters, oxides, phenylpropanoids and a nitrogen-containing compound). This method is proved to be reliable, fast and complementary with GC. It may be used for the analysis of a large number of samples (routine determination of characteristic constituents) and for quality control of essential oils and solvent extracts

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SAAB, Antoine. "Phytochemical analysis, antiproliferative against k562 humam chronic myelogenus leukemia, antiviral and hypoglycaemic activities of cedrus species and medicinal plants native from Libanon." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Ferrara, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11392/2388806.

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There are four kinds of Cedar, three of them naturally present in the Mediterranean Sea region: Cedrus libani, in Lebanon, Syria and Turky, Cedrus atlantica in Algeria and Morocco, Cedrus brevifolia in Cyprus Island While Cedrus deodara in Himalaya Mountains . The wood essential oils of C. libani, C .atalantica and C. deodara inhibited the proliferation of k 562 cell line with IC50 Value of 23.38, 59.37 and 37.09 µg.ml-1 respectively. Meanwhile Cedrus libani wood oils showed a percentage of erythroide differentiation of 15% at the concentration of 5µg.ml-1another side Cedrus deodara wood oil was found a percentage of erythroide differentiation of 20% at the concentration 25µg.ml-1 and Cedrus atlantica wood oils indicated a percentage of erythroide differentiation of 12% at concentration 10µg.ml-1 The essential oils obtained from different officinal plants of Lebanon, belonging to the Magnoliophyta division, have been tested for their antiproliferative activity on humanerythroleukemic K562 cells. Satureja montana showed the most interesting biological activity in inhibiting the cell growth and inducing erythroid differentiation of K562 cells The essential oil of Satureja montana was therefore analyzed using a GC/MS (gas chromatography/mass spectrometry) system in order to identify the major constituents and compare them with analysis performed on Satureja hortensis. The major constituent of Satureja hortensis being carvacrol (50.61%) and that of Satureja montana being α-terpineol (12.66%). Satureja Montana essential oil displayed different natural derivatives characterized by higher activity than those present in Satureja hortensis. The common active principles are α-pinene, γ-terpinene, 4-terpineol, α-terpineol, τ-cadinene, τ-cadinol and caryophyllene. Both caryophyllene and α-terpineol showed important antiproliferative effects on K562 cells.

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Ladjal, Mehdi. "Variabilité de l'adaptation à la sécheresse des cèdres méditerranéens (Cedrus atlantica, C. Brevifolia et C. Libani) : aspects écophysiologiques." Nancy 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001NAN10215.

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Nam, A. M. "Contribution de la RMN 13C à l'analyse des huiles végétales, huiles essentielles et résines (Olea europaea, Pinus halepensis et Cedrus atlantica)." Phd thesis, Université Pascal Paoli, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00978825.

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Les produits issus de la biomasse végétale connaissent depuis quelques années un succès grandissant dans de nombreuses industries (aromathérapie, cosmétique, parfums, etc.). L'objectif de notre étude était, d'une part de contribuer au développement des méthodes d'identification et de quantification des constituants des mélanges naturels par RMN 13C et RMN 1H (par exemple le squalène dans l'huile d'olive), et d'autre part, de contribuer à la caractérisation chimique de deux conifères introduits en Corse, le pin d'Alep (huile essentielle) et le cèdre de l'Atlas (huile essentielle, huile pyrolytique et résine). La première partie concerne la quantification du squalène présent dans l'huile d'olive. En effet, ce triterpène linéaire participe à la stabilité oxydative de l'huile d'olive et joue un rôle important dans la réduction des risques de certains cancers. Il s'agissait de mettre au point un protocole expérimental basé sur la RMN 1H ou 13C en utilisant un appareil de routine (9,4 Tesla). La quantification par RMN 13C s'est avérée fiable et elle a été appliquée à la quantification du squalène dans 25 échantillons d'huile d'olive de Corse. La seconde partie de nos travaux concerne la caractérisation chimique de l'huile essentielle de pin d'Alep introduit dans trois stations de Corse (Capo di Feno, Saleccia et Tre Padule de Suartone). L'analyse détaillée de l'huile essentielle de cônes, par combinaison des techniques chromatographiques et spectroscopiques, a permis d'identifier 48 composés. La composition chimique est largement dominée par les monoterpènes (a-pinène et myrcène) et un sesquiterpène oléfinique ((E)-a-caryophyllène). La RMN 13C a permis d'identifier divers diterpènes, dont le 8,12-époxy-14-labdèn-13-ol. Ce composé est décrit pour la première fois dans l'huile essentielle de pin d'Alep. L'analyse de 15 échantillons d'huile essentielle de cônes a mis en évidence trois types de compositions : a-pinène ; myrcène ; a-pinène/myrcène. Enfin, l'analyse de 47 échantillons d'huile essentielle d'aiguilles, associée à un traitement statistique des données (ACP, AFD), a permis de mettre en évidence une variabilité chimique intraspécifique. Ainsi, les échantillons se répartissent en trois groupes selon leur teneur en (E)-a-caryophyllène (groupe I), en E-a-caryophyllène/a-pinène/myrcène (groupe II) et en myrcène (groupe III). La dernière partie a été consacrée à l'étude de Cedrus atlantica. L'analyse détaillée d'une huile essentielle commerciale (du Maroc) a permis d'identifier 20 constituants, les composés majoritaires sont les b-, a- et g-himachalène. Par ailleurs, 7 composés absents de notre bibliothèque de données spectrales ont été identifiés par RMN 13C. Les compositions chimiques des huiles pyrolytiques artisanales du Maroc sont également dominées par les himachalènes et la (E)-a-atlantone. Enfin, nous avons réalisé l'analyse qualitative et quantitative par RMN 13C, sans séparation préalable, de 28 échantillons de résine de C. atlantica récoltés dans les 5 forêts de Corse référencées par l'ONF (Bavella, Bonifato, Ospedale, Pineta et Vizzavona). A côté des acides résiniques, nous avons également identifié 3 lignanes (pinorésinol, laricirésinol et 9-acétate de laricirésinol). Pour l'ensemble de ces composés, nous avons mis en évidence trois types chimiques. Enfin, nous avons mis au point et validé un protocole expérimental de quantification des lignanes par RMN 1H. Discipline : Chimie organique et analytique Mots clés : Analyse des mélanges complexes naturels ; Huiles essentielles ; Huiles pyrolytiques ; Huiles d'olives ; Oléorésines ; RMN 13C ; RMN 1H ; Squalène ; Lignanes ; Olea europaea ; Pinus halepensis ; Cedrus atlantica

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Nam, Anne-Marie. "Contribution de la RMN 13C à l’analyse des huiles végétales, huiles essentielles et résines (Olea europaea, Pinus halepensis et Cedrus atlantica)." Thesis, Corte, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CORT0001/document.

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Les produits issus de la biomasse végétale connaissent depuis quelques années un succès grandissant dans de nombreuses industries (aromathérapie, cosmétique, parfums, etc.). L’objectif de notre étude était, d’une part de contribuer au développement des méthodes d’identification et de quantification des constituants des mélanges naturels par RMN 13C et RMN 1H (par exemple le squalène dans l’huile d’olive), et d’autre part, de contribuer à la caractérisation chimique de deux conifères introduits en Corse, le pin d’Alep (huile essentielle) et le cèdre de l’Atlas (huile essentielle, huile pyrolytique et résine).La première partie concerne la quantification du squalène présent dans l’huile d’olive. En effet, ce triterpène linéaire participe à la stabilité oxydative de l’huile d’olive et joue un rôle important dans la réduction des risques de certains cancers. Il s’agissait de mettre au point un protocole expérimental basé sur la RMN 1H ou 13C en utilisant un appareil de routine (9,4 Tesla). La quantification par RMN 13C s’est avérée fiable et elle a été appliquée à la quantification du squalène dans 25 échantillons d’huile d’olive de Corse.La seconde partie de nos travaux concerne la caractérisation chimique de l’huile essentielle de pin d’Alep introduit dans trois stations de Corse (Capo di Feno, Saleccia et Tre Padule de Suartone). L’analyse détaillée de l’huile essentielle de cônes, par combinaison des techniques chromatographiques et spectroscopiques, a permis d’identifier 48 composés. La composition chimique est largement dominée par les monoterpènes (Alpha-pinène et myrcène) et un sesquiterpène oléfinique ((E)-Béta-caryophyllène). La RMN 13C a permis d’identifier divers diterpènes, dont le 8,12-époxy-14-labdèn-13-ol. Ce composé est décrit pour la première fois dans l’huile essentielle de pin d’Alep. L’analyse de 15 échantillons d’huile essentielle de cônes a mis en évidence trois types de compositions : Alpha-pinène ; myrcène ; Alpha-pinène/myrcène. Enfin, l’analyse de 47 échantillons d’huile essentielle d’aiguilles, associée à un traitement statistique des données (ACP, AFD), a permis de mettre en évidence une variabilité chimique intraspécifique. Ainsi, les échantillons se répartissent en trois groupes selon leur teneur en (E)-Béta-caryophyllène (groupe I), en E-Béta-caryophyllène/Alpha-pinène/myrcène (groupe II) et en myrcène (groupe III).La dernière partie a été consacrée à l’étude de Cedrus atlantica. L’analyse détaillée d’une huile essentielle commerciale (du Maroc) a permis d’identifier 20 constituants, les composés majoritaires sont les Alpha-, Béta- et Gamma-himachalène. Par ailleurs, 7 composés absents de notre bibliothèque de données spectrales ont été identifiés par RMN 13C. Les compositions chimiques des huiles pyrolytiques artisanales du Maroc sont également dominées par les himachalènes et la (E)-Alpha-atlantone. Enfin, nous avons réalisé l’analyse qualitative et quantitative par RMN 13C, sans séparation préalable, de 28 échantillons de résine de C. atlantica récoltés dans les 5 forêts de Corse référencées par l’ONF (Bavella, Bonifato, Ospedale, Pineta et Vizzavona). A côté des acides résiniques, nous avons également identifié 3 lignanes (pinorésinol, laricirésinol et 9-acétate de laricirésinol). Pour l’ensemble de ces composés, nous avons mis en évidence trois types chimiques. Enfin, nous avons mis au point et validé un protocole expérimental de quantification des lignanes par RMN 1H Natural products isolated from plants acquired, in recent years, a growing success in many industries (aromatherapy, cosmetic, perfumes). The objective of our study was to contribute, on the one hand, to the development of methods involving 13C and 1H NMR for the identification and quantification of the components of natural mixtures, and on the other hand, to the chemical characterization of two conifers brought to Corsica, Aleppo pine (essential oil) and atlas cedar (essential oil, pyrolysis oil and resins).The first part concerned the quantification of squalene present in olive oil. Indeed, linear triterpene participated in the oxidative stability of olive oil and play an important role by decreasing some kind of cancers risks. It’s deal with to elaborate an experimental part based on NMR 1H and 13C by using routine apparatus (9.4 Tesla). Quantification by NMR 13C is reliable and have been applied to squalene quantification in 25 samples of Corsican olive oil.The second part of our work concerned the chemical characterization of the essential oil of Aleppo pine brought to Corsica in three different stations (Capo di Feno, Saleccia and Tre Padule de Suartone). A detailed analysis of cone essential oil, using the combination of chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques, leads to the identification of 48 compounds. Chemical composition is extensively dominated by monoterpens (Alpha-pinene and myrcene) and one olefinic sesquiterpen ((E)-Béta-caryophyllene). 13C NMR allowed to the identification of various diterpens, particularly the 8,12-epoxy-14-labden-13-ol. This compound is described for the first time in aleppo pine essential oil. Fifteen samples of cone essential oil were analysed allowing differentiating three kinds of compositions: Alpha-pinene; myrcene; Alpha-pinene/myrcene. Finally, analysis of 47 samples of needles essential oil, associated with statistical treatment of the results (PCA and PFA), suggested the occurrence of an intraspecific chemical variability. Samples are divided into three groups, based on their high contents in (E)-Béta-caryophyllene (groupe I), in (E)-Béta-caryophyllene/Alpha-pinene/myrcene (groupe II) and in myrcene (groupe III).The last part concerned the study of Cedrus atlantica. A detailed analysis of commercial essential oil leads to the identification of 20 constituents. Main compounds are Alpha-, Béta- and Gamma-himachalene. Moreover, seven compounds, not yet referenced in our home-made NMR spectral data library, were identified by NMR 13C. Chemical compositions of handwork pyrolysis oils from Morocco were also dominated by the himachalene’s and (E)--atlantone. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of 28 samples of Cedrus atlantica resins, obtained from the five Corsican forests referenced by the Office National des Forêts of Corsica (Bavella, Bonifato, Ospedale, Pineta and Vizzavona) have been done, without any step of chromatography. Beside resinic acids, we have been identified three lignans (pinoresinol, lariciresinol and lariciresinol-9-acetate). Qualitative and quantitative analysis of these compounds, leads to the occurrence of three types of chemical composition. Finally, we have developed and validated a method for quantification of lignans by 1H NMR

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Correia, António Henrique Costa Gomes Soares. "Evaluating forest species response to different climate conditions as a base for sustainable forest management under climate change." Doctoral thesis, ISA/UL, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/18328.

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Doutoramento em Engenharia Florestal e dos Recursos Naturais - Instituto Superior de Agronomia / UL To anticipate European climate scenarios for the end of the century, we explored the climate gradient within the REINFFORCE (RÉseau INFrastructure de recherche pour le suivi et l’adaptation des FORêts au Changement climatiquE) arboreta network, established in 38 sites between latitudes 37◦ and 57◦, where 35 tree species are represented. Understanding how climate affects tree phenology, biotic and abiotic vulnerability, is a most important research subject under Climate Change. We focused on determining which climatic variables best explain their survival and growth, and identify which species that are more tolerant to climate variation and those whose growth and survival future climate might constrain. We used empirical models to determine the best climatic predictor variables that explain tree survival and growth, to predict the impact on the specific response of tree species to changing climate scenarios, to evaluate the loss and assess the risk of maintaining or changing species, under each scenario. Considering the scenarios described on IPCC’s Fifth Assessment Report, predictions were run under two main Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) 4.5 and 8.5. Precipitation-transfer distance was most important for the survival of broadleaved species, whereas growing-season-degree days best explained conifer-tree survival. Growth (annual height increment) was mainly explained by a derived annual dryness index (ADI) for both conifers and broadleaved trees. Species that showed the greatest variation in survival and growth in response to climatic variation included Betula pendula Roth, Pinus elliottii Engelm., and Thuja plicata Donn ex D.Don, and those that were least affected included Quercus shumardii Buckland and Pinus nigra J.F.Arnold. We also demonstrated that provenance differences were significant for Pinus pinea L., Quercus robur L., and Ceratonia siliqua L. A higher survival risk is expected for conifer species, especially for species like Calocedrus decurrens, Pseudotsuga menziesii, and Pinus nigra. For growth, high risk is indicated for Larix decidua, Pinus pinaster, and Betula pendula. Risk distribution points to higher risk at southern sites, and higher production potential for northern sites. Here, we demonstrate the usefulness of infrastructures along a climatic gradient like REINFFORCE to determine major tendencies of tree species responding to climate changes N/A

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Emer, Aline Armiliato. "O envolvimento do sistema endocanabinóide no efeito antihiperalgésico da inalação do óleo essencial Cedrus Atlântica em um modelo pré-clínico de dor pós-operatória." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UNISUL, 2014. http://www.riuni.unisul.br/handle/12345/532.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-11-30T14:53:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 111298_Aline.pdf: 24999572 bytes, checksum: 46381256c9ad9f27a4b752f020a9e440 (MD5) license.txt: 214 bytes, checksum: a5b8d016460874115603ed481bad9c47 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 O presente estudo teve como objetivo investigar o envolvimento do sistema endocanabinóide no efeito antihiperalgésico da inalação do óleo essencial Cedrus atlantica (OECa) em um modelo pré-clínico de dor pós-operatória. Inicialmente foram caracterizados os constituintes do OECa pela análise fitoquímica por meio de cromatografia gasosa acoplada a espectrometria de massa. Os experimentos comportamentais foram conduzidos após a aprovação pelo Comissão de Ética no Uso de Animais da UNISUL - CEUA/UNISUL (13.012.4.08.IV). Nestes experimentos foram utilizados camundongos Swiss machos pesando de 25 a 35 g. Para indução da dor pós-operatória os animais foram submetidos a uma cirurgia de incisão plantar (CIP) na pata traseira direita. Vinte e quatro horas após, os animais inalaram o OECa por diferentes períodos de tempos (1, 5, 30 e 60 minutos). A hiperalgesia mecânica foi avaliada utilizando o monofilamento de von Frey (0,4g) até o fim do efeito antihiperalgésico do OECa. Também foi verificado o efeito da inalação diária, durante 6 dias e o efeito per se do OECa. Para avaliar o envolvimento do sistema endocanabinóide foram utilizadas 2 abordagem diferentes: uma por meio de antagonistas para os receptores CB1 e CB2, administrados em diferentes sítios (intraperitoneal [i.p.], intraplantar [i.pl.] e intratecal [i.t.]). E outra por meio da avaliação do efeito sinérgico de inibidores da degradação de endocanabinóides. Nos resultados da análise fitoquímica identificou-se vinte e um elementos constituintes. Dentre os compostos encontrados, os hidrocarbonetos sesquiterpenos ?- himachaleno (16,6%), ?-himachaleno (10,4%) e ?-himachaleno (46,4%) foram os compostos majoritários. Nos testes comportamentais notou-se que a inalação do OECa por 30 e 60 minutos induziu efeito antihiperalgésico por até 2 horas. Em contraste, a inalação do OECa por apenas 1 minuto não induziu mudanças no limiar sensorial dos animais. A inalação diária do OECa diminuiu significativamente a hiperalgesia mecânica, até o quinto dia. Na avaliação do efeito per se, não houve alterações do limiar sensorial. Em relação a análise do envolvimento do sistema endocanabinóide verificou-se que as administrações sistêmica e central (i.t.) dos antagonistas AM281 e AM630, para os receptores canabinóides CB1 e CB2, respectivamente, preveniram o efeito antihiperalgésico do OECa; a administração de uma dose sub-efetiva dos inibidores da degradação de endocanabinóides (Amido hidrolase de ácidos graxos [FAAH] que degrada anandamida e da lipase mono acil glicerol [MAGL] que degrada o 2-araquidonil glicerol) com a subsequente inalação do OECa por 1 minuto, prolongou o efeito antihiperalgésico do OECa por até 7 horas. Assim, pôde-se concluir que o mecanismo pelo qual o OECa exerce seu efeito pode ser por modular a atividade destas enzimas e assim influenciar na sinalização endocanabinoidérgica. Estes resultados demonstram pela primeira vez na literatura, o envolvimento do sistema endocanabinóide no efeito antihiperalgésico do OECa, em um modelo pré-clínico de dor pós-operatória. The present study investigated the involvement of the endocannabinoid system in the antihyperalgesic effect induced by the inhalation of the essential oil Cedrus atlantica (OECa) in a preclinical model of postoperative pain. Initially, the constituents of the OECa were phytochemically characterized by Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The behavioral experiments were conducted after approval by the Ethics Committee on Animal Use - CEUA/UNISUL (13.012.4.08.IV). In these experiments Swiss male mice weighing 25 to 35 g were used. For induction of post-operative pain the animals underwent a surgical plantar incision (CIP) in the right hind paw. Twenty-four hours later, the animals inhaled OECa for different periods of time (1, 5, 30 and 60 minutes). Mechanical hyperalgesia was assessed using a von Frey monofilament (0.4g) until the antihyperalgesic effect of OECa was over. The effect of daily inhalation (for 6 days) and the effect of OECa per se were also observed. To assess the involvement of the endocannabinoid system 2 different approaches were used: (1) by administering antagonists for the CB1 and CB2 receptors in different sites (intraperitoneal [i.p.], intraplantar [i.pl.] and intrathecal [i.t.]) and (2) by assessing the synergistic effect of the inhibitors of the degradation of endocannabinoids. The results of the phytochemical analysis identified twenty-one constituents, among which the hydrocarbons ?- himachalene (16,6%), ?-himachalene (10,4%) e ?-himachalene (46,4%) were the main components. The behavioral tests demonstrated that the inhalation of OECa for 30 and 60 minutes induced an antihyperalgesic effect that lasted for up to 2 hours. In contrast, inhalation of OECa for only 1 minute did not induce changes in the sensory threshold of the animals. Daily inhalation of OECa significantly reduced mechanical hyperalgesia until the fifth day. The administration of OECa per se did not induce any changes to the animal's sensory threshold. Regarding the involvement of the endocannabinoid system, the results demonstrated that systemic and central (i.t.) administration of the antagonists AM281 and AM630 for the cannabinoid receptors CB1 and CB2, respectively, prevented the antihyperalgesic effect of OECa; the administration of a sub-effective dose of the inhibitors of the degradation of endocannabinoids (Fatty acid amide hydrolase [FAAH] which degrades anandamide and Monoacylglycerol lipase [MAGL] which degrades 2-arachidonoyl glycerol) with subsequent inhalation of OECa for 1 minute, prolonged the antihyperalgesic effect of OECa for up to 7 hours. Thus, it was concluded that the mechanism by which OECa exerts its effect might be by modulating the activity of these enzymes and thus influencing endocannabinoid signaling. These results demonstrate for the first time the involvement of the endocannabinoid system in the antihyperalgesic effect of OECa in a preclinical model of postoperative pain.

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Froux, Fabienne. "Caractéristiques hydrauliques, régulation stomatique et efficience d'utilisation de l'eau de quatre espèces de conifères méditerranéens (Cedrus atlantica, Cupressus sempervirens, Pinus halepensis et Pinus nigra)." Nancy 1, 2002. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_2002_0029_FROUX.pdf.

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Les objectifs de ce travail étaient l'analyse des caractéristiques hydrauliques, de la régulation stomatique et de l'efficience d'utilisation de l'eau (Wi) de 4 conifères méditerranéens présentant différents degrés de résistance à la sécheresse. Des plants de 3 ans, cultivés en serre, présentent une large gamme de conductivités hydrauliques et de vulnérabilité à la cavitation du xylème, allant d'une espèce vulnérable (P. Nigra) à des espèces peu vulnérables (C. Atlantica, C. Sempervirens et P. Halepensis). Pendant un dessèchement du sol, la fermeture totale des stomates intervient à un potentiel hydrique du xylème proche du seuil de cavitation dans les tiges, dépendant de l'espèce. Ces résultats confirment le rôle des stomates dans la limitation du développement de l'embolie. Entre espèces, des différences de [delta]13C et de Wi intrinsèque existent, le classement reste stable dans différentes conditions expérimentales mais aucune relation interspécifique n'a été montrée entre ces deux paramètres. Wi intrinsèque est faiblement corrélé à la conductance hydraulique spécifique des plants. D'après nos résultats, un modèle intégré de fonctionnement hydrique a été proposé.

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Eliades, Nicolas-George H. "Fingerprinting of genetic diversity and patterns of spatial genetic variation in the endemic tree Cedrus brevifolia (Hook f.) Henry from Cyprus : implications for its conservation /." Göttingen : Optimus, 2008. http://d-nb.info/991068424/04.

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Malki, Hamana. "Contribution à l'étude de l'influence du climat et des facteurs physiques sur la régénération du cèdre de l'Atlas (cedrus atlantica) dans les monts du Belezma (Algérie)." Paris 4, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA040151.

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Le cèdre de l'Atlas (cedrus atlantica-man) est une essence endémique de l’Afrique du nord. Actuellement, sa régénération est insuffisante. Cette mauvaise régénération est due en premier lieux aux conditions climatiques de la région. L'augmentation des températures et la diminution des précipitations durant l'été fait que les semis de cèdre ne survivent presque jamais à cette saison. En second lieu, l'exposition influence directement la régénération. Les expositions nord sont mieux boisées que les expositions sud. Enfin, la nature du sol et la couverture herbacée influencent également l'installation puis le maintien des semis. Afin de remédier à cette mauvaise régénération, les actions à mener doivent être dans le sens de la préservation de cette espèce en favorisant sa régénération naturelle par une politique sylvicole appropriée et par des reboisements susceptibles de renouveler le manteau végétal The cedar of Atlas (cedrus atlantica-man) is an endemic essence of North Africa. At present, its regeneration is insufficient. This bad regeneration is due to the climatic conditions of this region. The increase of temperature and the diminution of rain during the summer make the seeding of cedar never survive to this season. In the second place, the exposure influences directly the regeneration. North exposures are more wooded than the south one. At last, the nature of soil and the herbaceous cover influence to the setup and the maintenance of the seedling. In order to remedy this bad regeneration, actions must be led in the axis of preservation of this essence by promoting natural regeneration with a good forestry policy and reforestation liable to renew the vegetal mantle

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Piola, Florence. "Micropropagation des conifères : étude physiologique et moléculaire du microbouturage du cèdre (Cedrus libani Loudon) et apport de la symbiose mycorhizienne à l'embryogenèse somatique du mélèze (Larix x eurolepis Henry)." Lyon 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LYO10146.

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Le theme de cette these comporte deux volets: la contribution a une methode de micropropagation du cedre du liban (cedrus libani loudon) a partir de graines et l'etude de l'apport de la mycorhization controlee sur la qualite du systeme racinaire des plantules produites in vitro. La desinfection des graines bloque leur germination. Nous avons reussi a introduire ce conifere in vitro, avec des explants desinfectes issus de germinations non steriles. Deux obstacles ont ete systematiquement rencontres: l'arret de croissance de tous les bourgeons inities in vitro et l'inaptitude des microboutures a produire des racines. Le developpement des bourgeons a ete obtenu par une elevation de 24c a 30c de la temperature de culture. Nous avons dose aux deux temperatures de culture, les differentes hormones impliquees dans la regulation des organogeneses caulinaire et racinaire in vitro. La quantite d'aba des microboutures cultivees a 24c est significativement plus importante qu'a 30c et la repartition tissulaire est differente. Nous proposons l'hypothese d'une inhibition de la croissance des bourgeons a 24c par l'aba contenu dans les aiguilles. Par ailleurs, les proteines synthetisees par les microboutures sont de nature differente a ces deux temperatures, ce qui peut traduire une modification de l'expression genetique des cellules. Le dosage d'aia n'a pas mis en evidence de gradient apico-basal et les concentrations sont uniformement faibles. L'absence d'enracinement y trouve peut-etre la son explication. Par rapd, l'homogeneite genetique au sein des clones de cedre a ete mise en evidence ainsi qu'une diversite interclonale. Cela permettra, a terme, de disposer de marqueurs genetiques. Enfin, face a l'inaptitude des microboutures de cedre a former des racines, l'effet de la mycorhization controlee sur un modele different, des plantules de meleze hybride (larix x eurolepis henry) issues d'embryogenese somatique et pourvues donc d'un pole racinaire pre-forme a ete analyse, avec 4 champignons ectomycorhiziens: laccaria laccata, hebeloma cylindrosporum, pisolithus tinctorius et suillus grevillei. Les trois premiers ameliorent significativement la croissance du systeme racinaire des plantules. Une etude ultrastructurale demontre que la symbiose a bien ete initiee pour deux d'entre eux

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Uehara, Ayaka. "Caractérisation et synthèses d’odorants d’impact de matières premières aromatiques naturelles. Cèdre de l’Atlas, Immortelle, Yuzu et Agarwood." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020COAZ4090.

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Ce travail a consisté à étudier les constituants volatils de quatre matières premières naturelles pour en déterminer les principaux odorants d’impact, et de synthétiser quelques-uns de ce ces composants afin de confirmer leur participation olfactive à l’ensemble. Ainsi, les huiles essentielles de cèdre de l’Atlas (Cedrus atlantica), d’immortelle (Helichrysum italicum) et de yuzu (Citrus junos) ont été soumises à une analyse chimique et olfactométrique détaillée suivie de la synthèse de leur principaux odorants.Dans le cas de Cedrus atlantica, nous avons caractérisé les deux principaux odorants d’impact qui se sont avérés être la vestiténone et le 4-acétyl-1-methylcyclohexène. Ce résultat contraste avec les informations publiées sur cette matière première, mentionnant notamment que les atlantones sont les principaux contributeurs odorants, alors qu’aucun des panélistes engagé dans notre étude n’a décrit ces composés comme odorants importants. Notre investigation de l’huile essentielle d’Helichrysum italicum a montré que son composant principal (l’acétate de néryle) a une contribution très faible à l’odeur alors que quelques composants mineurs : 4,6-diméthyloctan-3,5-dione, 1,8-cinéole, et nérol montrent une participation plus importante. L’étude du yuzu a abouti à une situation comparable, en contradiction avec les données publiées. Ainsi, le nonanal est ressorti comme le contributeur le plus puissant, tandis que notre échantillon synthétisé de yuzunone (présentée comme un odorant clé dans les recherches précédentes) a démontré que ce composé n’a qu’un faible impact olfactif. Enfin, dans le cas de l’agarwood (Aquilaria ssp.) quelques composants décrits comme odorants dans la littérature ont été préparés par synthèse totale, et l’étude olfactive de ces échantillons a montré à nouveau que leur importance avait été surestimée This work consisted in studying the volatile constituents of four natural raw materials in order to determine their main impact odorants, and to synthesize some of these components to confirm their olfactory participation in the whole. Mixture. Thus, the essential oils of Atlas cedarwood (Cedrus atlantica), curry plant (Helichrysum italicum) and yuzu (Citrus junos) were submitted to a detailed chemical and olfactometric analysis followed by the synthesis of their main odorant components.In the case of Cedrus atlantica, we characterized the two main impact odorants which were found to be vestitenone and 4-acetyl-1-methylcyclohexene. This result contrasts with the information published on this raw material, mentioning in particular that atlantones are the main odorous contributors, while none of the panelists involved in our study described these compounds as important odorants. Our investigation of Helichrysum italicum essential oil showed that its main component (neryl acetate) has a very low contribution to the odor while a few minor components: 4,6-dimethyloctan-3,5-dione, 1,8-cineole, and nerol show greater involvement. The study of yuzu resulted in a comparable situation, which contradicts the published data. Thus, nonanal emerged as the most potent contributor, while our synthesized sample of yuzunone (presented as a key odorant in previous research) demonstrated that this compound has only a low olfactory impact. Finally, in the case of agarwood (Aquilaria ssp.), some components described as odoriferous in the literature were prepared by total synthesis, and the olfactory study of these samples showed that here again, their importance had been overestimated, since for us, they were practically odorless

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Alaoui-Abdelmalek, Moulay Youssef. "Contribution à l'étude du fonctionnement d'un écosystème forestier méditerranéen : application à la phytoécologie et à la productivité du cèdre (Cedrus Atlantica) dans les forêts du Moyen-Atlas et à la nutrition minérale de l'espèce en fonction des facteurs stationnels." Nancy 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990NAN10406.

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Le Moyen-Atlas est un des principaux massifs montagneux du Maroc. Il est caractérisé par un climat méditerranéen subhumide à humide (800 à 1 100 mm de pluie) et par des forêts naturelles à base de cèdre (cedrus atlantica) de chêne zéen (quercus canariensis) et de chêne vert (quercus rotondifolia). La cédraie qui occupe environ 85. 000 hectares est un écosystème original. Le cèdre pousse en effet sur des sols qui se sont développés sur des roches très variées : calcaires, dolomies, grès, basaltes et cendres, volcaniques. Ces substrats sous l'action conjuguée, des facteurs de la pédogénèse ont donné naissance à des sols de montagne qui diffèrent profondément des sols provenant des mêmes substrats mais qui se sont formés sous une végétation différente et sous des climats moins humides. L'étude des facteurs stationnels et en particulier des facteurs édaphiques permet de mieux cerner les différences de production et de productivité forestières des différentes stations. L'évaluation de l'accroissement et de la production des peuplements de cèdre ont permis d'étudier les différentes classes et indices de productivité à partir des données dendromotriques. Des relations entre la productivité du cèdre et la végétation herbacée ont également été mises en évidence. Enfin l'étude de la nutrition minérale a permis d'aborder les relations entre les teneurs en élèments chimiques dans les aiguilles de cèdre et les caractéristiques physico-chimiques des sols

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Pellin, Valdinho, Carlos Alberto Cioce Sampaio, and Universidade Regional de Blumenau Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento Regional. "A atividade turística como alternativa para promover o desenvolvimento sustentável :o caso do município de Rio dos Cedros-SC /." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações FURB, 2004. http://www.bc.furb.br/docs/TE/2004/302687_1_1.pdf.

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Orientador: Carlos Alberto Cioce Sampaio. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Regional de Blumenau, Centro de Ciências Humanas e da Comunicação, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento Regional.

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Hajar, Lara. "Dynamique passée et future de la végétation au Liban depuis la fin du Pléistocène (c. 15000 cal. BP)." Montpellier 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008MON20120.

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Cette étude paléoenvironnementale a été effectuée dans le but de : 1) comprendre la dynamique de la végétation en réponse aux changements climatiques depuis la fin de la dernière période glaciaire 2) mettre en évidence l'influence de l'Homme sur la végétation 3) évaluer l'influence des changements climatiques futurs sur Cedrus libani. La dynamique de la végétation au Liban suit le schéma observé en Méditerranée Orientale. En effet, une expansion des forêts de chênes décidus et de cèdres est enregistrée pendant le Bølling/Allerød et l'Holocène alors que pendant le Dryas récent des steppes à Chenopodiaceae et Artemisia se développent. Une phase de déforestation sur le Mont Liban, mise en évidence grâce aux données palynologiques et archéologiques, montre que l'Homme a eu une influence importante sur la végétation au Liban depuis le début de l'Holocène (c. 8000 cal. BP). Le pastoralisme semble s'être développé aux alentours de c. 3200 cal. BP dans la plaine de la Bekaa alors que le début de la déforestation de l'Anti-Liban n'est enregistré que depuis la période Romaine (c. 2000 cal. BP). Ces résultats sont en accord avec les résultats en Méditerranée Orientale où l'impact de l'Homme semble s'être développé beaucoup plus tôt en Israël, au Liban et en Syrie qu'en Turquie. Ces premiers résultats ont permis de montrer que la végétation au Liban est très affectée par les changements climatiques et par l'impact de l'Homme et qu'elle sera probablement affectée par les changements climatiques futurs. Afin de comprendre comment ces changements climatiques affecteront la végétation, l'utilisation d'un modèle dynamique de végétation (le modèle CARAIB) a permis de simuler la distribution des forêts de Cedrus libani au Liban selon 3 scénarios climatiques (B1, A1B et A2). Ces simulations montrent que l'aire de distribution du cèdre sera plus restreinte pour tous les scénarios considérés. Malgré le fait que certaines forêts pourront être conservées jusqu'aux années 2100, une migration du cèdre sera nécessaire dans des zones à altitudes plus élevées. Cependant, aux vues des vitesses de changement climatique prédites, et des vitesses de migration nécessaires, une transplantation des populations de Cedrus libani dans des zones adaptées paraît nécessaire The vegetation dynamics in Lebanon has been studied in order to : 1) understand the influence of climate change since the end of the Pleistocene on the ecosystems 2) understand the human impact on the vegetation 3) evaluate the influence of futur climate change on Cedrus libani. Results show that the global climate change affected the vegetation similarly in the Eastern Mediterra- nean region. Vegetation dynamics in Lebanon shows similar patterns with forest development during the Bølling/Allerød and the Holocene whereas during the Younger Dryas, Chenopodiaceae and Artemisia steppe expanded. Man had an impact on vegetation through deforestation that is recorded with palynological and archaeological data since the beginning of the Holocene (c. 8000 cal. BP) over Mount Lebanon. Pastoralism began at c. 3200 cal. BP in the Bekaa valley while the beginning of the deforestation of the Anti-Lebanon Mountain occurs during the Roman period (c. 2000 cal. BP). These results are similar to those of the Eastern Mediterranean region where the human impact was recorded earlier in Israel, Lebanon and Syria than in Turkey. Besides, futur climate change is expected to affect even more strongly the ecosystems in Lebanon. In order to understand how these changes will occur, a dynamic vegetation model (CARAIB model) was used to predict futur distribution of Cedrus libani in Lebanon using three differents climate scenarios (A1, A1B and A2). The simulations show that Cedrus libani will regress but its preservation is envisageable. Some current forests could be potentially preserved but the migration of Cedrus libani on more elevated areas will be necessary. Considering the rate of climate change predicted, a reafforestation of Cedrus libani in potential zones for its development is proposed to preserve efficienlty this species

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Kaushal, Parvinder. "Analyse écophysiologique des effets de stress liés aux transplantations des arbres forestiers." Nancy 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NAN10299.

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Influence d'un stress hydrique sur l'établissement et la croissance des semis transplantés (effets sur la photosynthèse et la transpiration). Aide à la règlementation racinaire et à la reprise des plants par habillage des racines et apport d'une fertilisation azotée. Évolution des réserves carbonées : sucres solubles et amidon. Enrichissement atmosphérique en CO::(2) pour augmenter la production de biomasse et réduire le temps d'élevage en pépinière

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Reginatto, Gisele Marilha Pereira. "Caracterização de movimentos de massa na bacia hidrográfica do Rio Cunha, Rio dos Cedros-SC, com ênfase em escorregamentos translacionais." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 2013. https://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/130922.

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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Civil, Florianópolis, 2013. Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-18T20:56:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 331445.pdf: 7684686 bytes, checksum: 5ca22c7b40639f4342d9e37330829f06 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 Os movimentos de massa no Brasil geram inúmeros problemas sociais e econômicos. Logo, é imprescindível compreender os mecanismos desses fenômenos e a influência de fatores externos na sua deflagração, contribuindo, dessa forma, com subsídios de prevenção eficazes. Neste contexto, o uso de modelos matemáticos, baseados em conceitos hidrológicos e de estabilidade de encosta, aliado ao mapeamento geotécnico e a técnicas de sensoriamento remoto, compõe uma metodologia pertinente. A presente pesquisa objetiva identificar áreas suscetíveis a escorregamentos translacionais, utilizando o modelo computacional SHALSTAB (Shallow Landsliding Stability Model) e caracterizá-las quanto a parâmetros geotécnicos, topográficos (altitude e declividade) e de uso e ocupação do solo. A área de estudos é a bacia hidrográfica do Rio Cunha, situada no município de Rio dos Cedros/SC e pertencente à região do médio vale do Itajaí, uma das regiões mais atingida pelos desastres hidrológicos de novembro de 2008. A metodologia consistiu no mapeamento das cicatrizes resultantes dos movimentos ocorridos na área de estudos, na determinação em campo e em laboratório de parâmetros do solo (físicos, de resistência e espessura) e na elaboração de mapas temáticos: modelo digital de elevação e seus derivados (declividade e área de contribuição), mapa de uso e ocupação do solo e mapa geotécnico preliminar. Na modelagem de áreas instáveis foram realizadas 48 simulações com diferentes combinações dos parâmetros do solo (densidade, coesão efetiva, ângulo de atrito efetivo e espessura), dentre as quais definiu-se aquela que melhor representa o fenômeno na área em estudo com base nas cicatrizes dos movimentos de 2008. As áreas de instabilidade definidas pelo modelo, bem como as cicatrizes dos movimentos foram confrontadas com os mapas temáticos para a sua caracterização, contribuindo para a elaboração de um banco de dados. Como resultado final tem-se um mapa de áreas suscetíveis a escorregamentos translacionais para a bacia em estudo, que, aliado ao banco de dados das áreas de instabilidade geram subsídios para atuar na identificação de áreas sujeitas a movimentos de massa, auxiliando no planejamento preliminar de uso e ocupação do solo da área. A metodologia empregada neste estudo pode ser aplicada por órgãos públicos para a redução de desastres relacionados a movimentos de massa, atuando no planejamento de ações preventivas. Abstract : Mass movements in Brazil generate numerous social and economic problems. Therefore, it is essential to understand the mechanism of these phenomena and the influence of external factors in their generation, contributing thus to effective prevention grants. In this context, the use of mathematical models, based on concepts hydrological and slope stability, combined with geotechnical mapping and remote sensing techniques, composing a relevant methodology. This research aims to identify areas susceptible to landslide using the computational model SHALSTAB (Shallow Landsliding Stability Model) and define them as geotechnical, topographic parameters (altitude and slope) and the use and occupation of land. The study is the watershed of the Rio Cunha, in the municipality of Rio dos Cedros/SC and it belongs to the middle valley of Itajaí, one of the regions most devastaded by hydrological disasters of November 2008. The methodology consisted in mapping the consequences resulting from movements in the study area, both in the field and in laboratory parameters (physical, strength and thickness) soil and preparation of thematic maps: digital elevation model and derivates (slope and contributing area), map of use, land use map and geotechnical preliminary map. on modeling of unstable areas, 48 simulations were done with different combinations of soil parameters (density, effective cohesion, effective angle of friction and thickness) in wich, the best one that better represents this phenomenon is defined based on movements of 2008. Areas of instability defined by the model, as well as the sears of the movements were confronted with thematic maps for its characterization, contributing to the development of a database. As a result, there is a map of susceptible areas to landslides for watershed study. Also, there is a database of areas of instability that generate subsidie in order to identify susceptible areas to mass movements, helping in a preliminary planning of use and occupation of the area. The methodology used in this study can be applied by public agencies for disaster reduction related to mass movements, performing preventive action plannings.

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26

Bell, Benjamin. "Advancing the application of analytical techniques in the biological chemistry of sporopollenin : towards novel plant physiological tracers in Quaternary palynology." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2018. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/advancing-the-application-of-analytical-techniques-in-the-biological-chemistry-of-sporopollenin-towards-novel-plant-physiological-tracers-in-quaternary-palynology(59605f2b-642a-4ea9-8921-4c926217e6f2).html.

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Palynology, the study of organic microfossils, is an important tool for improving our understanding of past environments and landscapes. Palynology provides a wealth of information from which climatic and environmental conditions can be inferred. However, inferred climatic and environmental conditions are often open to interpretation. Assumptions made about past climate conditions from pollen assemblages often rely on qualitative understanding of modern-day vegetation distributions, rather than empirical relationships. Historic anthropogenic impact on the environment must also be inferred, and assessments made as to whether vegetation changes are a result of climate change or human impact. This study seeks to address some of the questions that arise through the interpretation of pollen assemblages, by establishing empirical relationships between the geochemistry of modern pollen and climate or environmental controls. It focuses on the pollen of the climatically sensitive montane conifer Cedrus atlantica, which is distributed across the mountains of Morocco and Algeria. The study investigates aspects of modern pollen geochemistry and morphology and finds a strong relationship between the stable carbon isotope composition of modern pollen and mean annual precipitation (r2 = 0.54, p <0.001) and summer precipitation (r2 = 0.63, p <0.0001). Furthermore, a stronger relationship exists with aridity measured using the self-calibrating Palmer Drought Severity Index (r2 = 0.86, p <0.0001), suggesting that the stable carbon isotope composition of Cedrus atlantica pollen is influenced by environmental moisture availability. The study also finds there is an increased abundance of ultraviolet absorbing compounds (UACs) in modern Cedrus atlantica pollen with increasing summer UV-B flux. This relationship was evident with samples growing in their native range (r2 = 0.84, p <0.0001), but not with samples from outside this range (r2 = 0.00, p = 0.99), suggesting a possible genetic influence. Lastly, the study finds that grain size of Cedrus atlantica pollen is highly variable within and between samples, and we rule out climatic control on pollen grain size. These results suggest that quantitative relationships can be established between the geochemistry of Cedrus atlantica pollen and environmental and climatic influences. Stable carbon isotope analysis of fossil pollen could be used as a proxy for reconstruction of summer moisture availability, while analysis of UACs in fossil pollen could be used as a proxy for the reconstruction of summer UV-B flux. These proxies will enhance our understanding of climatic and environmental change in Northwest Africa and will complement existing palynological techniques for environmental and climate reconstruction. Palynology, the study of organic microfossils, is an important tool for improving our understanding of past environments and landscapes. Palynology provides a wealth of information from which climatic and environmental conditions can be inferred. However, inferred climatic and environmental conditions are often open to interpretation. Assumptions made about past climate conditions from pollen assemblages often rely on qualitative understanding of modern-day vegetation distributions, rather than empirical relationships. Historic anthropogenic impact on the environment must also be inferred, and assessments made as to whether vegetation changes are a result of climate change or human impact. This study seeks to address some of the questions that arise through the interpretation of pollen assemblages, by establishing empirical relationships between the geochemistry of modern pollen and climate or environmental controls. It focuses on the pollen of the climatically sensitive montane conifer Cedrus atlantica, which is distributed across the mountains of Morocco and Algeria. The study investigates aspects of modern pollen geochemistry and morphology and finds a strong relationship between the stable carbon isotope composition of modern pollen and mean annual precipitation (r2 = 0.54, p <0.001) and summer precipitation (r2 = 0.63, p <0.0001). Furthermore, a stronger relationship exists with aridity measured using the self-calibrating Palmer Drought Severity Index (r2 = 0.86, p <0.0001), suggesting that the stable carbon isotope composition of Cedrus atlantica pollen is influenced by environmental moisture availability. The study also finds there is an increased abundance of ultraviolet absorbing compounds (UACs) in modern Cedrus atlantica pollen with increasing summer UV-B flux. This relationship was evident with samples growing in their native range (r2 = 0.84, p <0.0001), but not with samples from outside this range (r2 = 0.00, p = 0.99), suggesting a possible genetic influence. Lastly, the study finds that grain size of Cedrus atlantica pollen is highly variable within and between samples, and we rule out climatic control on pollen grain size. These results suggest that quantitative relationships can be established between the geochemistry of Cedrus atlantica pollen and environmental and climatic influences. Stable carbon isotope analysis of fossil pollen could be used as a proxy for reconstruction of summer moisture availability, while analysis of UACs in fossil pollen could be used as a proxy for the reconstruction of summer UV-B flux. These proxies will enhance our understanding of climatic and environmental change in Northwest Africa and will complement existing palynological techniques for environmental and climate reconstruction.

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27

Grolleau, Cédric. "Étude d'électrocatalyseurs pour PEMFC en couche mince." Poitiers, 2009. http://theses.edel.univ-poitiers.fr/theses/2009/Grolleau-Cedric/2009-Grolleau-Cedric-These.pdf.

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Les micropiles à combustible sont un enjeu important pour l'alimentation de systèmes nomades. L'objet de cette thèse est l'étude des couches actives de micropiles à hydrogène, mais plus précisément de la cathode. Une première étude a permis d'observer l'impact de trois synthèses sur l'activité électrochimique d'un catalyseur Pt/C. Cependant, le coût, la performance et la durabilité de ce matériau incitent à étudier un autre catalyseur. Une étude préliminaire a conduit aux choix d'un catalyseur bimétallique PtCo/C. Utiliser différentes synthèses a permis l'identification des effets du cobalt mais a aussi permis la mise en évidence d'un lien étroit, entre le matériau, la synthèse, la structure et l'activité du catalyseur. Dans un second temps, l'étude du support de catalyseur est effectuée. En effet, une modification de ce support peut être intéressante, non seulement pour l'adaptation de la poudre catalytique au procédé de dépôt mais aussi pour une fonctionnalité supplémentaire au sein de la couche active. L'influence de la modification du support sur l'activité et sur la dégradation des catalyseurs a été le point clef de cette partie. Pour la technologie micropile en couche mince, les couches actives sont déposées par jet d'encre. La dispersion de la poudre catalytique dans une encre stable est donc un challenge important. L'étude des facteurs influant sur la stabilité de l'encre et leurs répercutions sur l'activité catalytique a permis l'établissement d'une formulation adaptée aux différents catalyseurs. Enfin, la validation des nouveaux catalyseurs en pile a permis de confirmer l'amélioration du matériau catalytique utilisé Micro Fuel Cells are an important challenge for nomadic systems supplying. The aim of this PhD is the study of the cathode. Actually in such hydrogen fuel cell the anode is not the limiting element. First study allows evaluating impact of three different syntheses on the electrochemical activity of a Pt/C catalyst. However cost, performance and durability of the catalyst incite to use an other catalyst. Preliminary study shows that PtCo/C must be a good catalyst for a PEMFC cathode. The use of different syntheses allows to identify cobalt effects but also to put obviousness the link between material, synthesis, structure and catalytic activity. In a first step, catalyst support has been studied. A modification of the support can be useful, not only to adapt the catalytic powder to the deposition process but also to add functions on the active layer. Influence of the support modification onto the activity of the catalyst and onto the degradation of the catalyst was the key point of this part. Thin layer fuel cell active layer are deposited using an inkjet process so, having a stable catalytic ink is necessary. Study of colloidal solutions and of the different parameter allowing having good dispersion was done. Impact of these parameters onto the catalytic activity was also observed. In conclusion, an ink formulation, adapted to the process was found. Finally test in complete fuel cell were done and confirm the improvement of the catalytic material

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28

Silva, Célia Maria da. "Processos ostensivo-inferenciais do filme neve sobre os cedros, de Scott Hicks." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UNISUL, 2003. http://www.riuni.unisul.br/handle/12345/4700.

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This research chiefly analyzed the ostensible-inferential processes, according to the Theory of Relevance, the actions/conversations of the character Ishmael Chambers coming from the court hearings scenes of Scott Hicks’ movie Snow Falling on Cedars (1999). The data showed the acuity of utilizing three different acting levels – the logic form, explicitness, implicitness, of Sperber and Wilson (1986, 1995) and Carston (1988) upon describing Ishmael Chambers’ behavior throughout the movie, by showing that communication is not only established by codes or inferences. On the other hand, cinematographic resources allowed one to transcend the limitations of a real hearing, especially, the flashbacks permitted to monitor the mental processes of the characters. Based on the analytical instrumental, it was possible to describe the characters’ beliefs in relation to the Japanese community, the jury’s potential behavior at Kazuo Miyamoto’s trial, possible murderer of Carl Heine, and the spectators’ beliefs over the facts. At the onset of the plot, Ishmael and spectator imply the defendant’s conviction. However, the character, sure of the contrary, finds evidences, which would later acquit him, and, at the trial, finds himself constrained between applying his duty as citizen and the distress for breaking up his relationship with Hatsue forcibly, the defendant’s wife. Chapter sixteen, the Forensic evidence, is fundamental for his decision making. Before the factual implication of the conviction, Ishmael decides to help the defendant. Submitted by Rogele Pinheiro (rogele.pinheiro@unisul.br) on 2018-02-28T16:59:51Z No. of bitstreams: 1 69860_Celia.pdf: 643734 bytes, checksum: cc7ad8576abe0485df2cf6081065d74e (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Ana Barreiros (ana.barreiros@unisul.br) on 2018-02-28T17:01:15Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 69860_Celia.pdf: 643734 bytes, checksum: cc7ad8576abe0485df2cf6081065d74e (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2018-02-28T17:01:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 69860_Celia.pdf: 643734 bytes, checksum: cc7ad8576abe0485df2cf6081065d74e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2003 Esta pesquisa analisou os processos ostensivo-inferenciais, conforme a Teoria da Relevância, nas ações/conversações do personagem Ishmael Chambers decorrentes das cenas de audiências jurídicas do filme Neve sobre os cedros, de Scott Hicks (1999). Os dados demonstraram a acuidade da utilização dos três níveis representacionais – forma lógica, explicatura e implicatura – de Sperber e Wilson (1986, 1995) e Carston (1988) na descrição do comportamento de Ishmael Chambers no decorrer do filme, demonstrando que a comunicação não se dá por código ou inferência exclusivamente. Por outro lado, recursos cinematográficos permitiram transcender limitações de uma audiência real e, em especial, os flashbacks permitiram monitorar processos mentais dos personagens. Com base no instrumental analítico, foi possível descrever as crenças do personagem em relação à comunidade japonesa, o comportamento potencial do júri no julgamento de Kazuo Miyamoto, possível assassino de Carl Heine, e as crenças do espectador sobre esses fatos. No início da trama, Ishmael e espectador implicam a condenação do réu. O personagem, contudo, convencido do contrário, descobre provas que o inocentariam e, no julgamento, vê-se constrangido entre o cumprimento de seu dever de cidadão e a mágoa pelo término forçado de seu namoro com Hatsue, a esposa do réu. O capítulo dezesseis, as Argumentações, é capital para sua tomada de decisão. Diante da implicação factual da condenação, Ishmael decide ajudar o réu.

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29

Ozkoc, Onur. "Social Potentials Of Pattern: Cedric Price." Master's thesis, METU, 2009. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12610902/index.pdf.

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The aim of the thesis is to re-read the design process of Cedric Price&rsquo s Fun Palace via &ldquo patterns of utopia&rdquo in order to understand and discuss how social imagination guides practice of architecture. Social imagination, as conceptualized in this thesis, denotes the intellectual activity of critically observing the social context and utilizing available resources in favor of new social possibilities. It can be argued that architectural practice is continuously subjected to political, cultural, and financial changes, the accumulation of which may easily bring forth changes in programmatic and physical aspects of space. The thesis claims that in order to keep in pace with the extents of change and variation in social experience, architectural production requires the integration of social imagination into the design process. Keeping this in mind, patterns of utopia are conceptualized as guidelines that help the integration of social imagination into the design process. In turn, Price&rsquo s Fun Palace is re-read from the scope of patterns, in order to understand the relations between social dimension of the project and how this dimension is reflected onto the design of a flexible set of programs.

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30

ALEJO, RAMIREZ EDISA 677229, and RAMIREZ EDISA ALEJO. "Propuesta de fomento de desarrollo comunitario sustentable: Localidad Pate Mula de los Cedros." Tesis de maestría, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11799/98683.

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Documento escrito, requisito parcial para obtener el Grado de Maestro/a en Agroindustria Rural, Desarrollo Territorial y turismo Agroalimentario. El presente trabajo tiene el objetivo de plantear una propuesta de desarrollo comunitario, que contribuya a la solución de rezago social y económico de la comunidad en cuestión, mediante el enfoque de Desarrollo Comunitario Sustentable (DCS).La metodología consiste en un diagnóstico de actividades económicas potenciales que sean la base del desarrollo de esta comunidad originaria. Se emplea el método de Análisis y Desarrollo de Mercados (AyDM) de la Organización de las Naciones Unidas (ONU). La metodología apoya el desarrollo de la capacidad emprendedora y ayuda a las personas a mejorar sus medios de vida, dado que considera no solo la sostenibilidad ambiental, sino también aspectos sociales, tecnológicos, legales y comerciales (ONU, 2013). Se hacen adecuaciones de aplicación de la metodología para no solo enfocarse en los recursos forestales de la comunidad, sino también en los recursos locales naturales y humanos. El resultado de la aplicación del AyDM muestra que las personas de la comunidad están interesadas y dispuestas a participar en actividades económicas, diferentes a las que se practican actualmente, algunas de estas actividades promueven el rescate de saberes tradicionales. CONACYT - Becas Nacionales

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Felski, Henrique, Carlos Alberto Cioce Sampaio, and Universidade Regional de Blumenau Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento Regional. "O processo de tomada de decisão da Cooperativa Arte Rio (Rio dos Cedros, SC) : uma reflexão do modo cooperativo de seus membros de 2005 a 2007 /." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações FURB, 2008. http://www.bc.furb.br/docs/DS/2008/332746_1_1.pdf.

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Orientador: Carlos Alberto Cioce Sampaio. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Regional de Blumenau, Centro de Ciências Humanas e da Comunicação, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento Regional.

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32

Navale, G. R. "Improved production of epi-cedrol and santalene by fusion protein expression: Stability study and cyclization mechanism of epi-cedrol biosynthesis." Thesis(Ph.D.), CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, 2021. http://dspace.ncl.res.in:8080/xmlui/handle/20.500.12252/5904.

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A wide range of secondary metabolites are produced by living organisms such as plants, bacteria and fungi as a part of their defense system against herbivores, pests and pathogens etc. Isoprenoids often called as terpenoids, are the most abundant and highly diverse family of natural organic compounds. In Plants, they plays a diverse part in photosynthetic pigments, hormones, electron carrier, structural components of membrane, as well as an important role in communication and defense. Many isoprenoids have useful applications in the pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and chemical industries. Isoprenoids synthesized in living organisms by Methyl D-Erythritol 4- Phosphate (MEP) pathway and Mevalonate (MVA) pathway. The recent advancement in metabolic engineering and synthetic biology techniques have enabled the engineering of these important isoprenoid biosynthetic pathways in the heterologous host systems like Escherichia coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Both engineered systems are induced for large scale production of value added isoprenoids. In this chapter, the engineering in MEP pathway and MVA pathway for synthesizing isoprene units (C5) and its poly-isoprene chains for terpenoid productions have been summarized. This introduction chapter particularly highlighted the efforts taken for the production of hemiterpenoids (C5), monoterpenoids (C10), and sesquiterpenoids (C15) by various metabolic engineering techniques in host E. coli and S. cerevisiae over a decade. CSIR‐Senior Research Fellowship (31/11(1026)/2018 EME I) AcSIR

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33

Nÿs, Maud. "Architectures de l’impermanence.6 jeux du temps chez Cedric Price." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLD002/document.

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Les architectes doivent faire face à des transformations constantes. Nos projets doivent s’adapter aux usages de demain. Mais comment pouvons-nous concevoir ces métamorphoses ?A contrario de l’espace enseigné en architecture, l’angle de cette recherche est le temps : il faudrait apprendre à insuffler le passage du temps dans les projets, afin de les rendre malléables au changement. L’architecte pourrait jouer avec le temps, en l’apprivoisant et le tissant dans son projet.Comme l’espace, le temps est un mot primitif impossible à définir. De nombreux philosophes, historiens et scientifiques en ont pourtant décrit les qualités, comme Henri Bergson dépeignant la « réalité mobile », Georg Friedrich Hegel « le rythme du tout organique » ou encore Reinhart Koselleck le « futur passé ». Et si peu d’architectes s’y sont confrontés, un Britannique s’est démarqué des autres dans les années 1960. La société était en pleine transformation, les théories des modernes renversées par la critique. À la recherche d’une architecture en accord avec sa période, Cedric Price a pris le temps comme un paramètre de conception. Ses structures radicales constituent des cas d’études propices à ce décryptage conceptuel. Dans les allers-retours entre les textes philosophiques et les visions de l’architecte, trois caractères du temps se sont dégagés : la mobilité, le rythme, le présent. Six projets des années 1960 à 1980 ont été étudiés en fonction de ces thématiques, avec l’appui des archives du Centre Canadien d’Architecture de Montréal.La thèse dévoile six « jeux du temps » : ceux du renouvellement et de l’opportunité, de l’obsolescence et de l’immédiateté planifiées, de la distorsion consciente et de l’incertitude calculée. Les mots sont propres à Cedric Price et ils témoignent de son expérience singulière au temps, comme du contexte de l’époque. Sur chacun, les approches temporelles ont été croisées avec les images des quatorze catégories de sa dernière exposition Mean time, offrant un lexique illustré. Réunis en trois grandes parties, ils révèlent le passage entre le temps du monde et celui de l’architecture : de la « réalité mobile » au mobile, du tempo du milieu au temporaire, du présent à la présence. Les diagrammes utilisés par l’architecte y sont respectivement décryptés comme des moyens d’attraper, créer et raconter le temps. Et ainsi en est-il aussi des architectures produites. Car au fil de la recherche, il est apparu qu’elles étaient avant tout des cadres pour saisir le changement. Ce sont des dispositifs flexibles et ouverts. Sans forme, ils se per-forment. Ils s’affirment comme des processus.Cette conception n’entraine pas une esthétique forte et unique mais des expériences esthétiques, révélant les interactions ordinaires de l’homme et de l’environnement à l’architecture. Face à l’incertitude qu’entraine l’inévitable passage du temps, l’architecture peut cultiver les « délices de l’inconnu », comme aimait le dire Cedric Price. La thèse en propose des variations avec des réalisations du début XXème, de l’avant-garde des années 1960 à 1980 et d’aujourd’hui. Des ouvertures sont proposées avec l’architecture japonaise, dont les paysages artificiels dévoilent une même attention à l’impermanence et complètent les théâtres de Cedric Price.Les six jeux du temps proposés sont des guides pour apprivoiser le temps et le vivre, et non le maitriser ou le subir. Ils illustrent des manières de concevoir avec le temps, en différentes intensités. Aux concepteurs ensuite de s’y essayer, inventant à leur tour leurs propres architectures de l’impermanence Architects have to face constant transformations. Our projects must adapt themselves to the uses of tomorrow. But how can we perceive theses metamorphosis?In contrast to space taught in architecture, the angle of this research is time: it would be needed to learn to inject the passage of time in projects, in order to make them malleable to change. The architect could play with time by taming and forging it in its project.Just as space, time is a primitive world impossible to define. However, numerous philosophers, historians and scientists have described its qualities, like Henri Bergson painting the “mobile reality”, Georg Friedrich Hegel “the rhythm of the organic whole” or yet Reinhart Koselleck the “past future”. And if few architects confronted themselves with it, one British stood out from the others in the 1960’s. The society was rapidly transforming, the moderns’ theories turned down by the critique. Seeking an architecture in agreement with its period, Cedric Price took time as a factor of conception. Its radical structures make up suitable study cases for this conceptual deciphering. Going back and forth between the philosophical texts and the architect views, three characteristics of the time emerged: the mobility, the rhythm, the present. Six projects from between 1960 and 1980 have been studied in accordance with these themes, with the support from the archives of the Canadian Centre for Architecture of Montréal.The thesis unveils six “time designs”: those of renewal and opportunity, planned obsolescence and immediacy, conscious distortion and calculated uncertainty. The words are proper to Cedric Price and they show its singular experience with time, as well as the context of this period. On each, the temporal approaches have been crossed with the pictures of the fourteen categories of his last exhibition Mean time, giving an illustrated lexical. Reunited in three big sections, they reveal the passage between the time of the world and the one of the architecture: from the “mobile reality” to the mobile, from the tempo from the middle to the temporary, from the present to the presence. The diagrams used by the architect are respectively deciphered as means to catch, create and narrate time. Thus, that’s how is the produced architectures too. Indeed, it appeared along the research that they were firstly settings to understand change. They are flexible and open plans. Without form, they per-form themselves. They assert themselves as processes.This concept does not produce a strong and unique aesthetics but aesthetic experiences, revealing the ordinary interactions of the man and the environment to architecture. Faced with the uncertainty that produces the unavoidable passage of time, architecture can cultivate the “joys of the unknown”, as Cedric Price liked to say. The thesis suggests some variations with realizations from the early twentieth century, the avant-garde of the years 1960 to 1980 and today. Openings are proposed with the Japanese architecture, of which the artificial landscapes unveil the same attention to impermanence and complete Cedric Price theatres.The six time games suggested are guides to tame time and live it, and not control or suffer it. They illustrate ways of designing with time, of different intensities. Then it is up to the creators to try it, by coming up too with their own architectures of impermanence

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34

Guma, Juliana Lamana. "Planejamento e gestão urbanos em cidades pesquenas : um estudo sobre Benedito Novo e de Rio dos Cedros - SC." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/151331.

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A promulgação da Constituição Federal, em 1988, e do Estatuto da Cidade, em 2001, deram novos significados à Política Urbana Brasileira, tornando legalmente o Plano Diretor municipal o instrumento básico da política de expansão e desenvolvimento urbano das cidades brasileiras. Assim, além das cidades com mais de 20.000 habitantes, também aquelas com menor população, mas pertencentes a aglomerações urbanas, regiões metropolitanas, áreas de interesse turístico e ambiental ou de grandes empreendimentos passaram a necessitar elaborar seus planos diretores. Considerando que a rede urbana brasileira tem mais de 70% das suas cidades com até 20.000 habitantes, este trabalho discute o Planejamento e Gestão Urbanos nesses núcleos urbanos. O estudo de caso desenvolvido apresenta as cidades de Benedito Novo e Rio dos Cedros, localizadas no Médio Vale do Itajaí, no estado de Santa Catarina. A partir da análise da rede urbana na qual elas estão inseridas, dos processos de elaboração e revisão dos seus planos diretores, assim como do conteúdo das referidas leis buscou-se entender se o reconhecimento desses pequenos centros urbanos pelas políticas públicas federais, especificamente o Estatuto da Cidade, auxiliou no desenvolvimento urbano local. The promulgation of the Constitution in 1988 and the Statute of the City in 2001 gave new meanings to Brazilian Urban Policy, legally making the municipal Master Plan the basic instrument of the policy of expansion and urban development of cities. Thus, in addition to cities with over 20,000 inhabitants, also those with smaller population but belonging to urban agglomerations, metropolitan regions, areas of tourist and environmental interest or large enterprises now need to prepare their master plans. Whereas the Brazilian urban network has more than 70% of its cities with up to 20,000 inhabitants, this paper discusses the Urban Planning and Management in these urban centers. The developed case study presents the cities of Benedito Novo and Rio dos Cedros, located on Médio Vale do Itajaí, State of Santa Catarina. From the analysis of the urban network in which they are inserted, the drafting and review of its master plans, as well as the laws of such content we sought to understand whether the recognition of these small urban centers by federal public policies, specifically the City Statute, assists in local urban development.

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Zimmermann, Cédric [Verfasser]. "Neuartiger Sensor zur Bestimmung des Zustandes eines NOx-Speicherkatalysators / Cedric Zimmermann." Aachen : Shaker, 2007. http://d-nb.info/1166509079/34.

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Martínez, García María Isabel. "Interconexiones de las áreas verdes urbanas. Estudio de caso: Urbanización Los Cedros de Villa 1a etapa- Distrito de Chorrillo." Bachelor's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2011. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/4759.

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A lo largo de la historia, las áreas verdes urbanas han sido partícipes del desarrollo humano en ambientes antrópicos, volviéndose parte importante para poder vivir en un ambiente de armonía con la naturaleza. Se sabe que la OMS recomienda entre 9 y 12 metros cuadrados por habitante para poder vivir en un ambiente saludable, pero debido al incremento poblacional en la ciudad de Lima, esta posee menos de 3 metros cuadrados por habitante, lo que demuestra que la ciudad tiene un gran déficit de áreas verdes y con el continuo aumento poblacional producto de las migraciones, se observa que el espacio para las áreas verdes dentro de las zonas urbanas se va reduciendo. Se considera que el plantear corredores ecológicos en áreas urbanas es un tema que no se ha tocado mucho en la actualidad, es sabido que la creación de estos espacios son de gran importancia para el desarrollo y desplazamiento de la fauna que habita estos espacios, además de brindar una mejora ambiental, provee de beneficios a los seres humanos que habitan cerca de los mismos. El presente trabajo de investigación aborda las áreas verdes como espacios importantes, que necesitan un mayor desarrollo de especies arbóreas y arbustivas, pues son estas las que brindan diversos beneficios a la población, así como de hábitat para la fauna urbana. El objetivo principal del presente trabajo de investigación es mejorar la calidad de vida de los habitantes de la urbanización Los Cedros de Villa -1a etapa- Chorrillos y establecer un modelo de un corredor ecológico urbano que permita interconectar sus áreas verdes. Se presentaron tres objetivos específicos: Identificar el estrato arbóreo y arbustivo de las áreas verdes ubicadas dentro del área de estudio; identificar las especies de aves que dependen del estrato arbóreo y arbustivo y destacar dos especies representativas dentro de los parques: y establecer un modelo de interconexión de las áreas verdes de la zona de estudio. II Se trabajó con tres metodologías; primero, con el método de distribución del estrato arbóreo y arbustivo, luego con el método de conteo por presencia y ausencia de aves, obteniéndose como resultado: La identificación y la distribución de las especies arbóreas y arbustivas mediante la generación de la cartografía base. La identificación de las aves de la zona, así como el desplazamiento del Pyrocephalus rubinus y la Volatinia jacarina dentro de los parques. Finalmente, se realizó la metodología de propuesta para propuesta de corredor dentro de la zona de estudio; el cual permitió elaborar el modelo de corredor ecológico. Tesis

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Anjos, Marcelo França dos. "Espaços intersticiais : estratégia projetual de Cedric Price, Bernard Tschumi e Rem Koolhaas." Universidade Estadual de Londrina. Centro de Tecnologia e Urbanismo. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Arquitetura e Urbanismo, 2016. http://www.bibliotecadigital.uel.br/document/?code=vtls000210955.

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Em um contexto onde as atividades humanas migram de areas publicas para edificios privados de uso coletivo, e abordagens esteticas predominam na pratica arquitetonica, esta dissertacao estuda a disposicao intencional de espaços intersticiais junto a elementos de circulação ativa em tres projetos referenciais da pos-modernidade: o Fun Palace, de Cedric Price (Londres, Inglaterra, 1961-1965); e as propostas de Bernard Tschumi e de Rem Koolhaas para o ZKM Zentrum für Kunst und Medientechnologie (Karlsruhe, Alemanha, 1989). Para descobrir se ha convergencias na obra destes arquitetos que possam remeter a solucoes espaciais desejaveis para novos edificios, adotou-se a estrategia metodologica de argumentacao logica, em duas vias. Primeiro, uma revisao de literatura elucidou conceitos por eles tratados e constatou estrategias projetuais em comum, baseadas na indeterminação da forma e da função e na arquitetura do evento. Segundo, para um entendimento sistematico da aplicacao destes mecanismos e de suas consequencias fisico-espaciais, a modelagem tridimensional dos tres projetos permitiu relacionar dados teoricos a experiencia espacial de um usuario virtual, por meio da analise atraves de desenhos proposta por Simon Unwin (1997). Como resultado, a investigacao comprovou que configuracoes espaciais com parametros semelhantes foram utilizadas para a manipulacao criativa do programa, resultando em diferentes formas de estimulo sensorial no interior destes edificios contentores de uso coletivo. In a context where human activities migrate from public areas to privately owned collective buildings, and aesthetic approaches predominate in architectural practice, this dissertation studies the intentional disposition of interstitial spaces along elements of active circulation in three exemplary projects of postmodernity: the Fun Palace from Cedric Price (London, England, 1961-1965); and the proposals from Bernard Tschumi and from Rem Koolhaas for the ZKM - Zentrum für Kunst und Medientechnologie (Karlsruhe, Germany, 1989). To find out if there are convergences in the work of these architects that could refer to desirable spatial solutions for new buildings, the methodological strategy of a two-way logical argumentation was adopted: first, a literature review was carried out to elucidate concepts addressed by them, that verified design strategies in common, based in an indeterminacy of form and function and an architecture of event. Second, for a systematic understanding of the use of these mechanisms and their physical and spatial consequences, the three-dimensional modeling of the three projects allowed us to relate theoretical data to the spatial experience of a virtual user, using the analysis method based on drawings as proposed by Simon Unwin (1997). As a result, the investigation has proved that spatial configurations with similar parameters were used to a creative manipulation of the program, resulting in different forms of sensory stimulation inside these collective use container buildings.

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Souza, Marcelo de. "A percepção dos conselheiros do CEDRAF/MG sobre a operacionalização da ATER." Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2015. http://www.locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/7177.

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Submitted by Marco Antônio de Ramos Chagas (mchagas@ufv.br) on 2016-01-14T14:03:58Z No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 912415 bytes, checksum: 57874e1ec62cce2ea2df1fda541c4931 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-14T14:03:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 912415 bytes, checksum: 57874e1ec62cce2ea2df1fda541c4931 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-05-11 Os aspectos institucionais da Extensão Rural estão relacionados com as diferentes esferas políticas criadas pelos governos federal e estaduais, principalmente, com o objetivo de se repensar novas formas de atuação dos serviços de ATER mediante a participação da sociedade civil e do público beneficiário. Neste contexto, destaca-se a Política Nacional de Assistência Técnica e Extensão Rural (PNATER) e os seus desdobramentos políticos posteriores - Lei Geral de ATER e ANATER. O objetivo desse trabalho é discutir a Extensão Rural brasileira na atualidade sob as diretrizes e preceitos da PNATER, partindo do debate em torno da criação da política pública até os seus desdobramentos políticos posteriores – Lei Geral de ATER e ANATER – tendo como fio condutor a visão e experiência dos conselheiros do CEDRAF/MG. Para tanto, foram empregados entrevistas semiestruturadas, observações participantes em reuniões, fóruns e conferência, articulados com a análise de atas, leis, manuais operacionais, planos, relatórios, entre outros, do CEDRAF-MG e demais documentos relativos à política nacional de ATER. Apesar do avanço da política de ATER, há deficiências estruturais tanto no órgão coordenador da política de ATER, o MDA, assim como se demonstrou certa fragilidade das entidades executoras de ATER em operacionalizar a política em Minas Gerais, mesmo levando-se em consideração o profícuo grau de organização e articulação entre essas entidades, principalmente entre as entidades não governamentais. À guisa de análise tentou-se buscar os motivos da fragilidade apontada pelos representantes do CEDRAF-MG aplicando a teoria de figuração de Norbert Elias quando se nota que as cadeias de interdependência tornam-se mais frágeis e opacas em virtude do maior número de grupos sociais que exercem entre si controles mútuos e de uma correlação de forças maior no âmbito estadual que ainda define os rumos para a agricultura mineira e brasileira de uma forma geral. Institutional aspects of Rural Extension are related to the different political spheres created by the federal and state governments, especially in order to rethink new ways of acting ATER services through the participation of civil society and the beneficiary public. In this context, it highlights the National Policy for Technical Assistance and Rural Extension (PNATER) and its subsequent political developments - General Law of ATER and ANATER. The aim of this paper is to discuss the Brazilian Rural Extension today under the guidelines and principles of PNATER, based on the debate around the creation of public policy until his later political developments - General Law of ATER and ANATER - taking as a guide the vision and experience of the CEDRAF / MG advisers. Therefore, we employed semi-structured interviews, participant observation in meetings, forums and conference, articulated with the analysis of acts, laws, operating manuals, plans, reports, among others, the CEDRAF-MG and other documents related to ATER national policy. Despite the advance of ATER policy, there are structural deficiencies in coordinating body of ATER policy, MDA, as well as demonstrated certain fragility of the executing agencies of ATER to operationalize the policy in Minas Gerais, even taking into account the fruitful degree of organization and coordination between these entities, especially among non-governmental entities. In the analysis guise tried to seek the reasons for the weakness pointed out by CEDRAF-MG representatives applying figuration theory of Norbert Elias when one notes that the interdependence chains become more fragile and opaque due to the increasing number of social groups engaged with each other checks and balances and a correlation greater forces at the state level that still sets the course for the mining and Brazilian agriculture in general. O autor não possui lattes e agência de fomento. Ele enviou para o e-mail, cópia corrigida do arquivo PDF.

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Francisco, J?lio C?sar Bittencourt. "Dos cedros aos pampas : imigra??o s?rio-libanesa no Rio Grande do Sul, identidade e assimila??o (1890-1949)." Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2017. http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/7771.

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Submitted by PPG Hist?ria (historia-pg@pucrs.br) on 2017-12-12T12:25:15Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese Julio final revista.pdf: 4617239 bytes, checksum: 62f951fce0e01774b81204b664209be6 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2017-12-19T10:46:36Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese Julio final revista.pdf: 4617239 bytes, checksum: 62f951fce0e01774b81204b664209be6 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2017-12-19T10:53:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese Julio final revista.pdf: 4617239 bytes, checksum: 62f951fce0e01774b81204b664209be6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-11-23 This thesis refers to the history and the memory of Syrian-Lebanese immigration in Rio Grande do Sul, in the period from the last decade of the nineteenth century to the 1940s, more precisely between the years of 1890 and 1949, a temporal lapse that corresponds to two generations of immigrants, between their arrival in the country, adaptation to the new land and integration with the ?gaucho? culture. It aims to contribute to the knowledge of the origins of the Arab immigration in the state, the periods in which immigrants arrived, their places of fixation, the activities they carried out, the sociability?s they built, the institutions they founded, especially in Porto Alegre. The analysis is based on the use of diverse sources, such as books and periodicals; primary source documentation gathered in historical archives and museums; interviews; academic, memoirist and biographical literature; as well as websites and electronic documentation found on the internet. From a methodological point of view, the use of oral history as a privileged instrument for the production, analysis and interpretation of data and information made possible collected and highlight testimonies given by Arab descendants residing in Rio Grande do Sul. To situate the Levantine immigrant of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, in a Middle East plunged in transnational issues, the work initially addresses the period of disintegration of the Ottoman Empire, the implementation of the French Mandate in Syria and Lebanon as well as the consequences of such fate in Porto Alegre. The independence of Lebanon and Syria in the 1940's closes the research chronological period. It was tried to demonstrate how these immigrants, coming from the Middle East, inserted and adapted in Rio Grande do Sul amid an environment dominated by other more numerous migratory waves, how they manage building their spaces of sociability?s and its path. The main result of the research was the certainty that the greatest asset of the Syrian and Lebanese descendants is the belonging to the gaucho culture, which they are inserted, without, however, loose their Lebanese or Arab identity, with all the meanings and representations that this implies. Esta tese refere-se ? hist?ria e ? mem?ria da imigra??o s?rio-libanesa no Rio Grande do Sul, no per?odo que vai do ?ltimo dec?nio do s?culo XIX at? a d?cada de 1940, mais precisamente entre os anos de 1890 e 1949, lapso temporal que corresponde a duas gera??es de imigrantes, entre sua chegada ao pa?s, adapta??o ? nova terra e integra??o ? cultura ga?cha. Tem como objetivo contribuir para o conhecimento das origens da imigra??o ?rabe no estado, os per?odos em que aqui chegaram os imigrantes, seus locais de fixa??o, as atividades que exerceram, as sociabilidades que constru?ram, as institui??es que fundaram, especialmente em Porto Alegre. A an?lise est? baseada na utiliza??o de fontes diversas, tais como livros e artigos de peri?dicos; documenta??o prim?ria reunida em arquivos hist?ricos e museus; entrevistas; literatura acad?mica, memorialista e de cunho biogr?fico; al?m de sites e documenta??o eletr?nica encontrados na internet. Do ponto de vista metodol?gico, destaca-se a utiliza??o da hist?ria oral como instrumento privilegiado de produ??o, an?lise e interpreta??o de dados e informa??es coletados por meio de depoimentos concedidos ao autor por descendentes de imigrantes ?rabes residentes no Rio Grande do Sul. A fim de situar o imigrante s?rio-liban?s de fins do s?culo XIX e in?cio do XX, num Oriente M?dio mergulhado em quest?es transnacionais, o trabalho aborda inicialmente o per?odo de desintegra??o do Imp?rio Otomano, a implementa??o do Mandato Franc?s na S?ria e no L?bano no come?o da d?cada de 1920 e as suas consequ?ncias no Rio Grande do Sul, at? as independ?ncias desses pa?ses no fim da d?cada de 1940. Procurou-se demonstrar quem s?o e de que forma esses imigrantes oriundos do Oriente M?dio se organizaram e se inseriram no Rio Grande do Sul, onde se estabeleceram quando chegaram e de que forma constru?ram suas sociabilidades. Tudo isso em meio a um ambiente dominado por outras levas migrat?rias mais numerosas. O principal resultado da pesquisa foi a certeza de que o maior patrim?nio dos descendentes de imigrantes s?rios e libaneses ? o pertencimento ? cultura ga?cha, com a qual se identificaram, sem, no entanto, deixarem de se reconhecer como libaneses ou ?rabes, com todos os significados e representa??es que isso implica.

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Rocha, Henrique Lucini. "Aplicação do modelo FLO-2D para simulação de fluxos de detritos na Bacia do Rio Cunha, Rio dos Cedros/SC." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 2012. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/95697.

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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Ambiental, Florianópolis, 2011 Made available in DSpace on 2012-10-26T05:06:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 289193.pdf: 4908136 bytes, checksum: ddc4383ef13fa37d593197415896df3a (MD5) Desastres naturais ocasionados por movimentos de encosta são verificados em todas as partes do mundo. Dentre os movimentos, um que merece destaque é conhecido como fluxo de detritos (debris flow). No Brasil, os estudos estão um pouco aquém da linha mundial, levando em consideração apenas a determinação dos locais propícios à ocorrência, desprezando a necessidade de se estimar o alcance e áreas afetadas pela passagem da massa deslocada. Como prova desta necessidade, nos meses de novembro e dezembro de 2008 o estado de Santa Catarina foi afetado por diversos desastres naturais relacionados a chuvas intensas prolongadas, dentre eles, fluxos de detritos. Rio dos Cedros, cidade da região norte do estado, registrou a ocorrência de diversos movimentos de encosta, dentre os quais, dois fluxos de detritos foram utilizados como estudo de caso para este trabalho. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi determinar o alcance da massa deslizada e avaliar os fatores condicionantes para este tipo de fenômeno. Para isso: (i) foram analisadas as chuvas que ocorreram no período, com a finalidade de caracterizar o evento; (ii) foram realizados levantamentos em campo de todo o caminho percorrido pelos fluxos, desde a ruptura até a deposição para posterior análise com dados encontrados na bibliografia e dados de saída do modelo FLO-2D; (iii) foram testadas formulações empíricas, a fim de verificar suas aplicabilidades para geração de dados de entrada para modelagem computacional da bacia do Rio Cunha; e por fim (iv) foi verificada a aplicabilidade e consistência dos dados gerados pelo modelo FLO-2D. Dentre os resultados ficou demonstrado a não possibilidade de se aplicar equações empíricas para determinar o volume total deslocado. Além disso, o modelo FLO-2D foi calibrado e validado apresentando um erro máximo no alcance de 118 m, o que representa uma diferença de 8,22% entre o valor obtido em campo e a pior simulação. Apesar de satisfatórios os resultados obtidos com o modelo, alguns pontos de não reprodução física do fenômeno ocorreram. Por fim, é demonstrada a necessidade da geração de dados de entrada confiáveis para aplicação deste tipo de modelo, bem como a necessidade de respostas rápidas para o levantamento destes fenômenos, pela rápida alteração das características do percurso e da área de deposição com o tempo decorrido.

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Groß, Cedric [Verfasser], and Werner R. [Akademischer Betreuer] Thiel. "Mono- und multimetallische Bispyrazolylpyridinkatalysatoren und deren Anwendungen / Cedric Groß ; Betreuer: Werner R. Thiel." Kaiserslautern : Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, 2019. http://d-nb.info/119117994X/34.

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Drai, Patrick. "Optimisation d'une méthode numérique en thermohydraulique - application de cette méthode au code CEDRIC." Aix-Marseille 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998AIX11058.

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Un modele moyen est developpe pour la simulation de transitoires diphasiques (liquide-vapeur) induit par les depressurisations accidentelles d'enceintes contenant initialement du liquide a haute pression. Il est base sur un systeme a trois equations et un modele de drift-flux decrivant la vitesse relative entre phases. La solution du systeme est obtenue grace a un schema discret totalement implicite en temps. Un traitement original pour le terme de drift-flux (base sur le concept de cellule donneuse) est utilise. La comparaison calcul / experience est tres bonne. La grande rapidite des calculs permet de realiser des simulations temps reel, qui sont tres importantes pour des simulateurs temps reel.

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Mitrani, Leila Mical. "Reproduction and establishment of two endangered African cedars, Widdringtonia cedarbergensis and Widdringtonia whytei." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/25431.

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In this thesis I determine the effect of population decline on reproduction for two critically endangered African cedars. Widdringtonia whytei (Mulanje cedar) endemic to Mt Mulanje, in Malawi and Widdringtonia cedarbergensis (Clanwilliam cedar) endemic to the Cedarberg Mountains in the Western Cape Province of South Africa. Populations of both species have declined dramatically in the recent past and both show evidence of insufficient recruitment. Recent research has shown that a reduction in population density may limit pollen dispersal, reduce seed viability and increase self-pollination rates, causing an inbreeding depression, resulting in less fit offspring. Based on this research, I hypothesise that pollen transfer in Widdringtonia is distance-dependant and therefore populations with greater distances to the nearest adult neighbour will have lower seed viability, due to pollination failure. I also hypothesise, that trees which receive less outcross pollen due to distance-dependant pollination will have higher rates of self-pollination. I further hypothesise that seed viability may also increase with increased soil nutrients and more amenable climate differences linked to changes in altitude. To test these hypotheses, I determine the extent to which reduced population density has resulted in a decline in viable seed using germination experiments, followed by cut tests and tetrazolium chloride tests. For W. cedarbergensis seedling survival was determined in a greenhouse and self-pollination was assessed with ISSR markers, using DNA extracted from parent and offspring. My results show that seed viability for both W. cedarbergensis and W. whytei is not significantly correlated with distance to nearest-neighbour, altitude or soil nitrogen, carbon or phosphorus. These results suggest that current population densities are not effecting the reproduction either of W. whytei or W. cedarbergensis. My results for population genetics show relatively low levels of genetic variation in W. cedarbergensis typical of endangered and endemic species. The genetic differentiation between populations is low, suggesting that pollen flow between populations is adequate and populations are not genetically isolated. I conclude that there is no evidence that population decline is causing any noticeable limitations on pollen transfer and reproduction in Widdringtonia.

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Jarvis, Michael J. "Cedars, Sloops and Slaves: The Development of the Bermuda Shipbuilding Industry, 1680-1750." W&M ScholarWorks, 1992. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539625759.

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Gomes, Geam Karlo. "A Madona de Cedro: um diálogo entre literatura e teologia." Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, 2013. http://tede.bc.uepb.edu.br/tede/jspui/handle/tede/1892.

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Made available in DSpace on 2015-09-25T12:21:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PDF - Geam Karlo Gomes.pdf: 853312 bytes, checksum: 72765855b910adf055c281dd55905c63 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-05-15 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior Analysis of the novel A Madona de Cedro, by Antonio Callado, a hermeneutic interpretation that favors the interface between literature and religion. This novel is marked by the religious context of his times and the unceasing dialogue with the biblical universe. Therefore, our focus centers on the narrative, on the plot, on the characters, on the discourses and on the cultural and religious structure of society in Minas Gerais in the mid-twentieth century, privileged by material and symbolic wealth of the Baroque art and the customs and doctrines of the Catholic Church, as narrated in the text by Callado. The narrative involves various allusions to biblical stories and allows intertextual readings. The confrontation with the varied voices of the characters allows us to conduct a dialogue with the interdiscursive on the Bible and the Catholic religious culture. Therefore, this study ends up focusing on readings of the sacred, dogmas, rituals, and the remission of sin. From these perceptions, our study also seeks scaffolds that show other novels by the same author with the same symbolic and metaphorical richness of the universe of the Bible. We contemplate then a brief survey of the novel Assunção de Salviano and Quarup, also on an intertextual and interdiscursive reading. In the outcome of the novel A Madona de Cedro, main focus this analysis, we realized the via crucis relations with the Catholic tradition, which allows us to perform a confrontation by the hypertextuality theory by Genette and the effects of carnivalization in this narrative in the perception by Bakhtin. Among the contributions to this analysis, we list the following. In the consideration of the studies of literature and religion, we base at Magalhães (2008) (2009) and Brandão da Silva (2004). In reviewing the author's literary criticism, we focus on Leite (1982), Martineli (2006), Sandroni (2005) and Silva (2011). As to constructive theoretical and methodological, we base mainly on contributions from Genette (2006), Bakhtin (1993), Maingueneau (1997), Brandão (2004) and Samoyault (2008). Análise do romance A Madona de Cedro, de Antonio Callado, numa interpretação hermenêutica que privilegia a interface entre literatura e religião. Essa obra literária está marcada pelo contexto religioso de sua época e pelo diálogo incessante com o universo bíblico. Por isso, nosso foco se centraliza na narrativa, nas tramas, nos personagens, nos discursos e na estrutura cultural e religiosa da sociedade do interior de Minas Gerais nos meados do século XX, espaço privilegiado pela riqueza material e simbólica da arte barroca e dos costumes e doutrinas da Igreja Católica, assim como narrados no texto de Callado. A narrativa comporta variadas alusões às histórias bíblicas, possibilitando leituras intertextuais. O confronto com as variadas vozes dos personagens permite realizar um diálogo interdiscursivo com a Bíblia e a cultura religiosa católica. Sendo assim, esse estudo acaba privilegiando leituras do sagrado, de dogmas, de rituais, do pecado e da remissão. A partir dessas percepções, este estudo busca ainda arcabouços que evidenciem outros romances do mesmo autor com a mesma riqueza simbólica e metafórica do universo da Bíblia. Contempla-se então um levantamento breve das obras Assunção de Salviano e Quarup, numa leitura também intertextual e interdiscursiva. No desfecho da obra A Madona de Cedro, principal foco dessa análise, são perceptíveis as relações com a via crucis da tradição católica, permitindo realizar um confronto por meio da teoria da hipertextualidade de Gerárd Genette e dos efeitos de carnavalização dessa narrativa na percepção de Bakhtin. Dentre as contribuições para essa análise, elencamos as seguintes. Nas considerações sobre os estudos da literatura e religião, atentamo-nos para Magalhães (2008) e (2009) e Brandão da Silva (2004). Na revisão da crítica literária do autor, concentramo-nos em Leite (1982), Martineli (2006), Sandroni (2005) e Silva (2011). Quanto ao construtivo teóricometodológico, focamo-nos principalmente nas contribuições de Genette (2006), Bakhtin (1993), Maingueneau (1997), Brandão (2004) e Samoyault (2008).

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46

Gomes, Geam Karlo. "A Madona de Cedro: um diálogo entre literatura e religião." Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, 2013. http://tede.bc.uepb.edu.br/tede/jspui/handle/tede/2505.

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Submitted by Deise Lorena Araújo (deiselorena@uepb.edu.br) on 2016-08-23T17:25:06Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PDF - Geam Karlo Gomes.pdf: 973762 bytes, checksum: 9fbe82314891b53ab7b5eeaf79887aa0 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Irenilda Medeiros (nildamedeiros@uepb.edu.br) on 2016-09-02T14:23:59Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 PDF - Geam Karlo Gomes.pdf: 973762 bytes, checksum: 9fbe82314891b53ab7b5eeaf79887aa0 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-02T14:23:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PDF - Geam Karlo Gomes.pdf: 973762 bytes, checksum: 9fbe82314891b53ab7b5eeaf79887aa0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-05-15 Universidade Estadual da Paraíba Analysis of the novel A Madona de Cedro, by Antonio Callado, a hermeneutic interpretation that favors the interface between literature and religion. This novel is marked by the religious context of his times and the unceasing dialogue with the biblical universe. Therefore, our focus centers on the narrative, on the plot, on the characters, on the discourses and on the cultural and religious structure of society in Minas Gerais in the mid-twentieth century, privileged by material and symbolic wealth of the Baroque art and the customs and doctrines of the Catholic Church, as narrated in the text by Callado. The narrative involves various allusions to biblical stories and allows intertextual readings. The confrontation with the varied voices of the characters allows us to conduct a dialogue with the interdiscursive on the Bible and the Catholic religious culture. Therefore, this study ends up focusing on readings of the sacred, dogmas, rituals, and the remission of sin. From these perceptions, our study also seeks scaffolds that show other novels by the same author with the same symbolic and metaphorical richness of the universe of the Bible. We contemplate then a brief survey of the novel Assunção de Salviano and Quarup, also on an intertextual and interdiscursive reading. In the outcome of the novel A Madona de Cedro, main focus this analysis, we realized the via crucis relations with the Catholic tradition, which allows us to perform a confrontation by the hypertextuality theory by Genette and the effects of carnivalization in this narrative in the perception by Bakhtin. Among the contributions to this analysis, we list the following. In the consideration of the studies of literature and religion, we base at Magalhães (2008) (2009) and Brandão da Silva (2004). In reviewing the author's literary criticism, we focus on Leite (1982), Martineli (2006), Sandroni (2005) and Silva (2011). As to constructive theoretical and methodological, we base mainly on contributions from Genette (2006), Bakhtin (1993), Maingueneau (1997), Brandão (2004) and Samoyault (2008). Análise do romance A Madona de Cedro, de Antonio Callado, numa interpretação hermenêutica que privilegia a interface entre literatura e religião. Essa obra literária está marcada pelo contexto religioso de sua época e pelo diálogo incessante com o universo bíblico. Por isso, nosso foco se centraliza na narrativa, nas tramas, nos personagens, nos discursos e na estrutura cultural e religiosa da sociedade do interior de Minas Gerais nos meados do século XX, espaço privilegiado pela riqueza material e simbólica da arte barroca e dos costumes e doutrinas da Igreja Católica, assim como narrados no texto de Callado. A narrativa comporta variadas alusões às histórias bíblicas, possibilitando leituras intertextuais. O confronto com as variadas vozes dos personagens permite realizar um diálogo interdiscursivo com a Bíblia e a cultura religiosa católica. Sendo assim, esse estudo acaba privilegiando leituras do sagrado, de dogmas, de rituais, do pecado e da remissão. A partir dessas percepções, este estudo busca ainda arcabouços que evidenciem outros romances do mesmo autor com a mesma riqueza simbólica e metafórica do universo da Bíblia. Contempla-se então um levantamento breve das obras Assunção de Salviano e Quarup, numa leitura também intertextual e interdiscursiva. No desfecho da obra A Madona de Cedro, principal foco dessa análise, são perceptíveis as relações com a via crucis da tradição católica, permitindo realizar um confronto por meio da teoria da hipertextualidade de Gerárd Genette e dos efeitos de carnavalização dessa narrativa na percepção de Bakhtin. Dentre as contribuições para essa análise, elencamos as seguintes. Nas considerações sobre os estudos da literatura e religião, atentamo-nos para Magalhães (2008) e (2009) e Brandão da Silva (2004). Na revisão da crítica literária do autor, concentramo-nos em Leite (1982), Martineli (2006), Sandroni (2005) e Silva (2011). Quanto ao construtivo teórico-metodológico, focamo-nos principalmente nas contribuições de Genette (2006), Bakhtin (1993), Maingueneau (1997), Brandão (2004) e Samoyault (2008).

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47

Casara, Ana Claudia. "Resposta do cedro australiano à inoculação com fungos micorrízicos arbusculares." Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, 2016. http://tede.udesc.br/handle/handle/2462.

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Submitted by Claudia Rocha (claudia.rocha@udesc.br) on 2018-03-07T12:37:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PGCS16MA144.pdf: 1847024 bytes, checksum: b5325fff6f19f3a1b0badd1a09295544 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-07T12:37:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PGCS16MA144.pdf: 1847024 bytes, checksum: b5325fff6f19f3a1b0badd1a09295544 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-11-30 Capes Because the timber potential, rapid growth and adaptation to edaphoclimatic conditions, the Australian cedar has been outstanding in the segment of sawn wood. The goal of this work was to evaluate the effect of the inoculation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on the accumulation of nutrients, growth and quality of Australian cedar seedlings. The production of the seedlings was conducted in a greenhouse for 150 days. The seedlings were produced from seeds sown directly in the pot. The treatments containing the AMF were: Entrophospora colombiana, Acaulospora morrowiae, mixed inoculum (E. colombiana + A. morrowiae) and SF (control). Transplanting was carried out in the municipality of Dona Emma - SC, where the experimental design was completely randomized blocks, with factorial scheme 4 x 3. The first factor was fungal treatment, while the second factor was N, P and K fertilization, with (22.5 kg ha-1 urea, 67.5 kg ha-1 P2O5, 33.7 kg ha-1 K2O) and 1 dose (45 kg ha-1 urea, 135 kg ha-1 P2O5, 67.5 kg ha-1 K2O). The 4 plants of the useful plot were collected after 120 days of transplanting. The variables height, dry matter of shoot, root dry matter, stem diameter, mycorrhizal colonization and N, P, K, Ca and Mg contents of the plant tissue of the cedar seedlings were evaluated. The quality indexes of seedlings were calculated. The results showed that the seedlings inoculated with mixed inoculum varied between 25 and 31 cm in height, and myotrophism was observed. E. colombiana and mixed inoculum provided increase of MSPA, MSR and DC. A. morrowiae and mixed inoculum showed greater mycorrhizal colonization. The inoculated seedlings presented higher H / DC and higher MSPA / MSR. A. morrowiae presented the lowest IQD. E. colombiana showed to be superior in the absorption of N. The treatments with FMAs showed positive influence on P. A. morrowiae and without fungus were not efficient in the absorption of K and Ca Em virtude do seu potencial madeireiro, rápido crescimento e adaptação às condições edafoclimáticas, o cedro australiano tem se destacado no segmento de madeira serrada. Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o efeito da inoculação de fungos micorrízicos arbusculares sobre o acúmulo de nutrientes, crescimento e qualidade de mudas de cedro australiano. A produção das mudas foi conduzida em casa de vegetação durante 150 dias. As mudas foram produzidas a partir de sementes semeadas diretamente no vaso. Os tratamentos contendo os FMAs foram: Entrophospora colombiana, Acaulospora morrowiae, inóculo misto (E. colombiana + A. morrowiae) e SF (controle). O transplantio foi realizado no município de Dona Emma – SC, onde o delineamento experimental foi em blocos inteiramente casualizados, com esquema fatorial 4 x 3, com 3 repetições. O primeiro fator foi o tratamento fúngico enquanto que o segundo fator foi adubação N, P e K, com três doses: 0 (sem adubação), 0,5 (22,5 kg ha-1 de ureia; 67,5 kg ha-1 de P2O5; 33,7 kg ha-1 de K2O) e 1 dose (45 kg ha-1 de ureia; 135 kg ha-1 de P2O5; 67,5 kg ha-1 de K2O). Coletou-se as 4 plantas da parcela útil após 120 dias do transplantio. Foram avaliadas as variáveis altura, matéria seca da parte aérea, matéria seca da raiz, diâmetro do caule, colonização micorrízica e os teores de N, P, K, Ca e Mg do tecido vegetal da parte aérea das mudas e calculados os índices de qualidade de mudas. Os resultados mostraram que as mudas inoculadas com inóculo misto variaram entre 25 e 31 cm de altura, sendo observado micotrofismo. E. colombiana e inóculo misto proporcionaram aumento de MSPA, MSR e DC. A. morrowiae e inóculo misto apresentaram maior colonização micorrízica. As mudas quando inoculadas apresentaram maior H/DC e maior MSPA/MSR. A. morrowiae apresentou o menor IQD. E. colombiana mostrou-se superior na absorção de N. Os tratamentos com FMAs apresentaram influência positiva sobre P. A. morrowiae e sem fungo não foram eficientes na absorção de K e Ca

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48

García-Guzmán, Lucia. "Extracción de bioactivos de la semilla de cedro (Cupressus lusitanica) con actividad antifúngica y su incorporación en emulsiones." Tesis de maestría, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11799/105158.

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La contaminación en los alimentos, frutas y hortalizas, debida a hongos fitopatógenos ha representado una grave amenaza para la salud y la seguridad de los seres humanos y los animales. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue extraer los bioactivos de la semilla de cedro (Cupressus lusitanica) con actividad antifúngica y su incorporación en emulsiones con la finalidad de retardar su degradación y prologar su efecto inhibitorio contra Botrytis cinerea y Aspergillus niger. El aceite de semilla de cedro se extrajo mediante el método Soxhlet. Los disolventes usados para la extracción fueron hexano y etanol. El rendimiento del aceite de semilla de cedro (CSO) extraído con hexano fue más alto (11%-20.6% en p/p) con respecto a los obtenidos con etanol (6%-17% en p/p), esto debido a la alta selectividad del hexano por los componentes mayoritarios en los aceites esenciales (terpenoides) en comparación con el etanol. Un análisis por cromatografía de gases-masas (GC-M) del CSO confirmó la presencia de monoterpenos (48.14%) y sesquiterpenos (33.34%) como los principales componentes. Se identificando 27 componentes en los extractos con hexano con un alto porcentaje en β-pineno, mirceno y α-terpineol. En los extractos obtenidos con etanol se identificaron 19 compuestos, los principales compuestos fueron ácido cummúnico, ferruginol, andrografolido y óxido de cariofileno. Los aceites de semilla de cedro fueron probados como antifúngicos capaces de inhibir la proliferación de Botrytis cinerea y Aspergillus niger, los cuales son hongos patógenos que contaminan diversos frutos y hortalizas. La inhibición del crecimiento micelial (MIC) de los extractos con hexano contra Botrytis cinerea mostraron una inhibición del 45% a una concentración de 300µL/mL, mientras que los extractos con etanol mostraron un 12% de inhibición a la misma concentración. En el caso de Aspergillus niger los extractos con hexano y etanol mostraron un 24% y 23% de inhibición respectivamente a una concentración de 500µL/mL siendo la concentración más efectiva para ambos extractos. Las diferencias encontradas en la MIC se deben a la sinergia de los compuestos presentes en los extractos. El CSO extraído con hexano (H2) que presentó los mejores resultados de inhibición, fue emulsionado para retardar su degradación y prolongar su efecto como antifúngico. La Goma de mezquite (GM), Tween 80 (T) y la mezcla de ambos (TGM) fueron empleados como como material recubrimiento para el CSO. El aceite emulsionado inhibió mejor con respecto al aceite puro. En este sentido las emulsiones con Tween 80, mostraron el mejor efecto antifúngico respecto a Aspergillus niger con un 66% inhibición, mientras que las emulsiones con la combinación de T-GM presentaron la mejor una mejor respuesta de inhibición contra Botrytis cinerea con un 54% de inhibición. Las observaciones de microscopía electrónica de barrido (SEM) y microscopia confocal laser de barrido (MCBL) revelaron que las emulsiones de CSO causaron considerables degeneraciones morfológicas de las hifas fúngicas, como el encogimiento de hifas, pérdida de protoplastos y la ruptura de la pared celular. En este trabajo se puso de evidencia que el aceite extraído de la semilla de cedro presentó actividad antifúngica contra Botrytis cinerea y Aspergillus niger, siendo mejor inhibidor contra Botrytis cinerea. Además, al ser emulsionado el CSO aumento su dispersabilidad y mejoró sus propiedades antifúngicas contra Aspergillus niger. En este sentido, el aceite se semilla de cedro puede ser usado como un agente antifúngico para la inhibición de Botrytis cinerea y Aspergillus niger, los cuales son microorganismos patógenos que contaminan frutas y hortalizas durante su producción y almacenamiento.

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Holz, Élio. "Estratégias de equilíbrio entre a busca de benefícios privados e os custos sociais gerados pelas unidades agrícolas familiares /." Florianópolis, SC, 1999. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/81107.

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Lopes, Goncalo Miguel Furtado Cardoso. "Envisioning an evolving environment : the encounters of Gordon Pask, Cedric Price and John Frazer." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2007. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1444949/.

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This thesis provides a history of exchanges between architecture and the fields of cybernetics, systems research and computation, throughout the period of the last half century. In particular, it focuses on the encounters of the British professionals --Gordon Pask, Cedric Price and John Frazer---and provides a complete account of two outstanding architectural projects related to systems and computation---Generator and Japan Net. It also highlights the architectural relevance of these encounters and the importance of their contemporary legacy---the genesis of the systemic and computational paradigm in architectural design and the promotion of an evolving environment. The thesis is based mainly on research of Gordon Pask's personal archive (held by Ms. Amanda Heitler) and Cedric Price Archives (held at the Canadian Centre for Architecture). The thesis is divided into three parts. The first part relates to early developments involving cybernetics and architecture. It includes Pask's career and the rise of a second-order-cybernetics, as well as Price's breakthrough posture and tireless promotion of an impermanent architecture opened to user participation. The second part provides a complete account of Price's Generator. It focuses on the project's diverse phases and consultancies, and highlights John and Julia Frazer's contribution as systems consultants, which led this project to be acknowledged as the first intelligent building. The third part focuses on the rise of the information environment and the later reencounters between and achievements of Pask, Price and Frazer. It includes revisits to the Generator project, a complete account of the Japan Net competition entry, as well as pointing out outstanding ideas on evolving installations and essays of both Frazer and Frazer. It becomes clear that the current architectural agenda, focused on the new techno-cultural order of the information society and an aesthetics of emergence can benefit from these seminal exchanges, encounters and projects.

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