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1
Breuss, Fritz. "Balassa-Samuelson effects in the CEEC. Are they obstacles for joining the EMU?" Forschungsinstitut für Europafragen, WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2003. http://epub.wu.ac.at/198/1/document.pdf.
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A phantom is haunting the EU enlargement process. Some fear that the Balassa-Samuelson (B-S) effect might be a major obstacle for the Central and Eastern European countries (CEEC) to become members of the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU). A review of the relevant literature reveals that most estimations of the B-S effect in the EU acceding countries are flawed by one kind or the other. Either they do not estimate correctly the B-S propositions, or if they measure it they use a variety of measures for the variables needed. Additionally, the B-S effect is only a special case of a broader approach towards equilibrium real exchange rates. Lastly the B-S effect is studied in a CGE multi-country world in order to detect possible spillover effects. After describing the "official" road map towards the EMU, it is concluded that the uncertainties in measuring the B-S are much too high in order to see in it (alone) a major hindrance for the CEEC to become early members of the EMU. Moreover, real exchange rate appreciations that reflect productivity gains in the tradable sector are an equilibrium phenomenon and do not require a policy response. They are a natural phenomena in catching-up countries like the CEEC. Furthermore, the official doctrine for entering the EMU by the EU/ECB only interdicts depreciations but not appreciations for potential EMU members. (author's abstract)Series: EI Working Papers / Europainstitut
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Vacek, Jiří. "Podnikatelské příležitosti ve stavebnictví vybraných zemí střední a východní Evropy." Doctoral thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2005. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-125223.
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The Ph.D. thesis deals with the construction research methodology and performed research, and the analysis of business opportunities in the construction industry of the selected Central and Eastern European countries. The thesis is divided into two parts. The first part focuses on the description and specification of the main categories -- general market research methodology, the description and statistical methodology used by the Czech Statistical Office, and their comparison with our research methods (advantages, disadvantages, and benefits). This part also mentions specific features of construction industry which need to be taken into account when performing the research and evaluating the results for the purposes of the development of business opportunities in the construction industry. The second part of the thesis analyses the particular results of the construction industry research carried out in the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Poland, and Hungary in 2006--2012 (with more than 2,500 research interviews). It brings a comparison of the Eurostat/statistical offices published data vs. the analysed developments in particular years predicted by the construction company top management (both the biggest and middle/small construction companies) throughout the analysed regions, and the impact of their predictions on the company behaviour in the selected spheres of the entrepreneur environment. The analyses bring the comparison of the methods by means of which the companies acquire new business orders, the extent of transparency and/or corruption in particular countries, changes during the economic crisis, the extent of company risk and key priorities on particular markets, as well as the comparison of the key limitations that have the main impact on the economic results of the construction company. Using the originally developed methodology and the model of research implementation, the thesis provides the analyses of considerably reliable information about the operation and behaviour of the construction companies on the market in the neighbouring countries, as well as the necessary insight which can facilitate the expansion of the Czech companies into the selected countries. At the same time, the construction research model has been verified in practice by regular construction research studies which assist construction companies in their decision making and orientation on the changeable construction markets both in the Czech Republic and in other selected countries. The outcomes and results of particular research studies have been presented and discussed during the regular 'Encounters of Czech, Slovak, and Polish Construction Leaders' by the construction company top management as well as by the representatives of the government of particular countries. The thesis outcomes prove that the originally developed methodology applied in the follow-up research can facilitate and provide relevant and high-quality predictions about the developments in construction industry, which can be successfully used by the top management in their decisions on the future prospects of their company business opportunities in Central and Eastern European countries. Currently, more than 4,700 users in the Czech Republic make use of the particular research studies on the developments in construction in the Czech Republic and in other selected countries. As results from the carried out research, it is possible for the Czech construction companies to make use of business opportunities and to expand to neighbouring countries, especially to Slovakia and Poland, and, with regard to geographical closeness of the researched markets and considerable similarity of construction works/applied technologies, thus compensate for a plunge in domestic orders by the export of construction works. Specialized construction companies with higher business value-added will have the biggest potential.
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Larsson, Hanna, and Emma Harrtell. "Does choice of transition model affect GDP per capita growth?" Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, Economics, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-1000.
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Efter upplösningen av Sovjetunionens starka maktkontroll över sina satellitstater den 9:e november 1989, kunde de Centrala och Östeuropeiska länderna (förkortning CEEC på engelska) påbörja sin övergång till marknadsekonomi. Sättet att närma sig en fri marknad är indelat i två olika tillvägagångssätt – chockterapi och gradualism. Den förstnämda metoden genomförs med fokus på snabbhet och en samverkande engångsförvandling av de ekonomiska sektorerna medan den sistnämnda beaktar en grad- och stegvis omvandling. Omvandlingsprocessen i sig består av flera variabler, exempelvis privatisering av statligt ägd egendom, makroekonomisk stabilitet samt liberalisering av priser och handel. Beroende på vilken metod som valdes genomfördes de ovan nämnda variablerna vid olika tidpunkter och med varierande hastighetsgrad. Åsikterna bland ekonomer rörande vilken metod som uppnått bäst resultat är omdebatterad. Följaktligen är syftet med denna uppsats att undersöka vilken av omvandlingsmetoderna som har uppnått högst BNP per capita tillväxt i de valda CEEC under perioden 1992-2003. Tio CEEC valdes ut för att få en rättvis delning mellan de två tillvägagångssätten, med tillhörande fem länder i varje grupp. Därtill valdes fem referensländer ut, för att i en grafisk analys kunna relatera utvecklingen i omvandlingsländer till redan etablerade marknadsekonomier. De erhållna resultaten visar att val av tillvägagångssätt inom omvandlingsprocessen inte har någon signifikant inverkan på BNP per capita utvecklingen. Ländernas grundförutsättningar samt i vilken ordning variablerna implementerades visar sig troligen ha större inverkan på BNP per capita tillväxten. Dessutom visar de empiriska resultaten klara indikationer på att det finns en skillnad mellan CEEC och referensländerna.
After the resolution of the Soviet Unions strict control over its satellite with beginning on the 9th of November 1989, the Central and Eastern European Countries (CEEC) began their transition towards a market economy. How to approach the economic system of a free market has been divided into two major policies – shock therapy and gradualism. The first policy is implemented with speed and one-shock change within the economic sectors as a focus while the second constitutes of slow and gradual implementations. The transformation process in itself consists of several variables, for e.g. privatization of state-owned properties, macroeconomic stabilization and liberalization of prices and trade. Depending on what policy chosen, the variables were implemented at different times and with different speed. The views among economists regarding which of the two models that achieve the best result when transforming differs widely. Hence, the purpose of this thesis is to investigate which of the two models that have had the best effect upon the GDP per capita growth in the chosen CEEC. Ten CEEC were picked to have a fair representation for each policy, with five countries representing each policy group and the years measured were 1992-2003. In addition, for a graphical analysis to be performed and to distinct CEEC from already established market economies, five reference countries were included. The results obtained indicate that the policy choice has no impact on average GDP per capita growth. Instead we concure with earlier research that claim that preconditions and sequential order of the market reforms have a larger impact on GDP per capita growth. Additionally, empirical results indicated that there is a significant difference in the GDP growth over the last decade between our CEEC and the reference countries.
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Araia, Sellyhom, and Betiel Werede. "Has EU membership lead to growth in the CEEC? : A study that examines the income convergence towards the EU-15." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskaper, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-26567.
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The European Union was created to promote peace and stability and evolved to become an economic union. Its member states are part of trade agreements where tariffs and quotas are abolished. Trade liberations lead to easier access of information and technology which in turn lead to faster growth. This study was made as we were interested to see if high level of economic integration, EU membership, has effected economic growth. The dependent variable we chose to study is GDP growth per capita. The time period included in the study is the years 1996-2011. In this study we are interested to see if higher level of economic integration has led to growth and income convergence in the Central and Eastern European. A multiple regression analysis has been conducted to see if EU membership have an effect on growth. In addition a beta convergence regression is carried out in order to see if the new member states are catching up to the EU income level. We found that joining the EU has no significant effect on growth. However the CEEC seem to enjoy higher level of price stability due to EU membership. However due to the lack of observations the results we received are inconclusive.
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Stockhammer, Engelbert, and Özlem Onaran. "National and sectoral factors in wage formation in Central and Eastern Europe." Inst. für Volkswirtschaftstheorie und -politik, WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2006. http://epub.wu.ac.at/92/1/document.pdf.
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The paper investigates the formation of wages in the New Member States in Central and Eastern Europe, in particular the question what the relative role of national and sectoral factors is. While the labor relations in these countries are still in the process of change, some pattern and national differences have emerged. The question is thus to what extent these differences in labor relations are reflected in wage formation. The literature on Western OECD economies is unanimous that coordination of wage bargaining does reduce the wage spread, but disagrees on its effects on unemployment and inflation. The paper analyses wage formation in Slovenia, Slovakia, Hungary, Poland, the Czech Republic and Lithuania by means of a panel analysis for manufacturing sectors. The average wage (in the total economy) serves as a national factor and sectoral productivity serves as a sectoral factor. In variations of the basic estimation equation the role of FDI and openness and of capital intensity and skill are also discussed. The results between countries are compared with the recent index of the coordination of collective bargaining by Visser (2005) and with cross country data on union density. (author's abstract)Series: Department of Economics Working Paper Series
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Norling, Sofia. "Mot "väst" : vetenskap, politik och transformation i Polen 1989-2011." Doctoral thesis, Södertörns högskola, Samtidshistoriska institutet, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-104260.
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Den polska forskningspolitiken har efter statssocialismens fall 1989 stått inför omfattande förändringar. Transformationen från den sovjetiska modellen för forskningspolitiskt styre, till formuleringen och implementeringen av en ny forskningspolitisk modell, innebar att KBN (Komitet Badan Naukowych, ”Forskningskommittén”) blev huvudansvarig för utformningen av den nya forskningspolitiken och organiseringen av forskningssystemet. Kommittén skulle fungera som en mer eller mindre autonom instans i förhållande till den polska regeringen, och hade inte bara hand om ansökningsprocesser om forskningsanslag, utan även forskningspolitiken på makronivå för att försäkra vetenskapens ”frihet” i förhållande till den politiska styrningen. Politikens relation till den vetenskapliga kunskapsproduktionen gick därmed på kort tid från att vila på ideal och värden som handlade om hur vetenskapen i första hand skulle bidra till samhällsnyttan, till ideal som snarare erkände dess egenvärde, allt formulerat och utarbetat i just det forskningspolitiska sammanhanget. Detta ideal hade dessutom stark förankring i den politiska historien, och de strukturer och kultur den ”gamla” forskningssystemen, forskningspolitiken och intelligentian i Polen präglades av. Snart började dock omfattande reformer av den polska forskningspolitiken ta form. Det tidiga nittiotalets sönderfallande ekonomi, där behovet av mobilisering av offentliga resurser för uppbyggnaden av marknadsekonomin upplevdes som angeläget, och efter det, förberedelserna inför EU-inträdet 2004, bidrog till omfattande omförhandlingar och omtolkningar av den anti-politiskt orienterade forskningspolitiska modellen med akademisk självorganisering som grundval. Dessa omfattande omförhandlingar och omtolkningar är också utgångspunkten för den här studien. Fokus i analysen ligger på hur förändringsdynamiken tog sig uttryck i omtolkningarna och omförhandlingarna av idéer om och förväntningar och krav på, vetenskapens roll i den polska forskningspolitiken mellan 1989-2011. Det empiriska material som ligger till grund för studien består av dels den tidskrift som KBN utgav månatligen och som kom att bli arenan för forskningspolitisk diskussion i landet, dels styrningsdokument från hela den studerade perioden. Med hjälp av en socialkonstruktionistisk ansats visar studien att idéer om och förväntningar och krav på vetenskapens roll omförhandlats och omtolkats dramatiskt under den studerade perioden, men också hur omförhandlingarna och omtolkningarna gått till.In 1989, Polish research policy underwent transformation in the context of a broader societal transition from state socialism to democracy. KBN, Komitet Badan Naukowych (”The State Committee for Scientific Research”) was primarily responsible for the design of a new research policy and organization of the research system. In order to allay concerns about lingering state control, the Committee was to operate as a more or less autonomous body in relation to the workings of the Polish government. The Committee not only had responsibility for administering research grants, but also for research policy at the macro level to ensure academic freedom from political control. As a result the ambition of science policy was rather abruptly transformed from an instrumental view of science tied closely to societal progress under the Soviet regime to one recognising the intrinsic value of scientific knowledge. This transformed view of the role of science was not entirely new. It had strong roots in the political history and the structures and culture of the "old" research system, and more broadly among the Polish intelligentsia. However, several contextual factors acted to undermine the heralded ambition of autonomous scientific governance. In the 1990s, economic conditions in Poland worsened. In response mobilisation of public resources for the development of the market economy became an urgent imperative as did planning and preparation for the Poland’s accession to EU in 2004. These factors contributed to a yet another comprehensive reinterpretation and renegotiation of the role of science in Poland. The empirical material that forms the basis for the study consists of both KBN’s periodical journal Sprawy Nauki that became the arena of science policy debate in the country and various governance documents from the study period. Using a social constructionist approach, this study analyses these transformational moments by focusing on how the dynamics of change found expression in the reinterpretations and renegotiations of the role of science in Polish research policy between 1989 and 2011.
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Veloso, Guillaume Esteves. "Sistema CEREC chairside." Bachelor's thesis, [s.n.], 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/1003.
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Monografia apresentada à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Licenciado em Medicina DentáriaAs cerâmicas apresentam uma excelente estética e biocompatibilidade, no entanto, têm sofrido modificações estruturais com a finalidade de torná-las cada vez mais resistentes e poderem ser utilizadas sozinhas como material restaurador, sem a necessidade de serem utilizadas juntamente com o metal. A tecnologia CAD/CAM (desenho assistido por computador/ fabricação assistida por computador) teve início em 1971, com François Duret, e representa a aplicação da tecnologia computorizada na prática da medicina dentária. O sistema CAD/CAM funciona basicamente em três passos: digitalização do preparo dentário, desenho e produção da restauração. O CEREC (restaurações cerâmicas estéticas económicas em consultório) é um sistema CAD/CAM que surgiu em 1980 e sofreu evolução até ao actual CEREC 3 chairside, o qual permite a realização de inlays, onlays, facetas e coroas totalmente cerâmicas em apenas uma consulta. O CEREC chairside permite a produção mecanizada de restaurações totalmente cerâmicas a partir de blocos homogéneos de cerâmica feldspática totalmente sinterizados. Relativamente aos estudos mencionados nesta monografia, a longevidade das restaurações realizadas com o sistema CEREC apresentam resultados com uma elevada taxa de sucesso a longo prazo. Ceramics present excellent esthetic results and biocompatibility, although, they have undergone structural modifications with the intention of increasing their resistance and making them able to be used alone as a single restoration material, without the need to be coupled with metal. The CAD/CAM (computer assisted design/computer assisted manufacturing) technology was developed in 1971 by Francois Duret, and represents the application of computerized technology in the dentistry field. The CAD/CAM system basically functions in 3 steps: digitalization of the dental preparation, design and production of the restoration. The CEREC (Chairside Economical Restoration of Esthetic Ceramics) is a CAD/CAM system first introduced in 1980 and has evolved to what is known today as the CEREC 3 chairside, which allows for inlays, onlays, veneers and crowns to be prepared and applied in only one visit. The CEREC chairside allows the mechanized production of all ceramic restorations from homogeneous blocks of feldspathic fully sintered ceramics. Relative to the studies mentioned in this thesis, the longevity of the restorations produced by the CEREC system display results with high long term success rates.
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Neptune, Jussara Bressan. "CEPEC - a escola cidadã." [s.n.], 1989. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/252835.
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Orientador : Maria Lucia Rocha Duarte de CarvalhoDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação
Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-14T04:03:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Neptune_JussaraBressan_M.pdf: 8679429 bytes, checksum: 102fe6576bf5fa5172c57553759b0e1f (MD5) Previous issue date: 1989
Mestrado
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Letelier, Valle José Francisco. "CEAC: centro de apoyo cultural." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2012. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/111197.
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La presente memoria posee como finalidad interiorizar en el desarrollo y comprensión del proyecto de Arquitectura llevado a cabo durante el proceso de Titulación, en base a la problemática sobre los efectos urbanos de la edificación en altura en la ciudad.
De tal manera, se elabora un proyecto trendsetter que explore dichas problemáticas y genere una nueva tipología de hacer ciudad vertical. Teniendo como objetivo que el barrio adquiera un nuevo valor y potencie tanto su dinámica como su propia identidad.
La resolución del proyecto se origina a partir de la comprensión de los trendsetters como elementos que generan tendencia en lugares y barrios que se desean activar como polos de actividades, de manera que el sector pase de un estado neutro a un estado de prosperidad.
El barrio seleccionado para su análisis e intervención es el Barrio El Golf, por ser el principal escenario influenciado por desarrollos de mercado y su edificación en altura, modificando su configuración urbana residencial hacia un polo de actividad financiera; Se define un emplazamiento especifico a intervenir, por ser un punto estratégico de entrada al barrio por metro, por su conexión con plaza Perú y su posicionamiento sobre la calle principal Isidora Goyenechea.
Finalmente, tras un exhaustivo análisis de las carencias y necesidades del sector, surge un mix programático constituido por la integración de actividades de formación, información, recreación y trabajo. Todos juntos dan origen al CENTRO DE APOYO CULTURAL _ CEAC proporcionando ser un lugar de encuentro en el barrio y un apoyo para la biblioteca comunal de Las Condes, que busca permanecer en el tiempo, generando nuevas tendencias y usos en el sector.
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Ribeiro, Ricardo Manuel Pereira. "Qual a eficácia clínica do sistema CEREC com os seus diferentes materiais para reabilitação em prótese fixa e sobre implantes?" Master's thesis, [s.n.], 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/5061.
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Projeto de Pós-Graduação/Dissertação apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Medicina DentáriaIntrodução: A evolução das tecnologias em todas as áreas de atividade tem mudado a maneira como se aborda os desafios que são impostos nos dias de hoje. Na medicina dentária tem acontecido o mesmo que na área da saúde em geral, uma resistência enorme às novas técnicas e tecnologias, mas o que é certo é que a era digital esta cada vez mais implantada e a ganhar sobre essa resistência. Os sistemas CAD/CAM já fazem parte integrante da reabilitação dentária, principalmente por via dos laboratórios dentários, mas também no consultório com o sistema CEREC que conseguiu colocar a tecnologia CAM/CAM em consultório ao dispor do médico, dentista e dos pacientes. Objetivos: Verificar, através de uma revisão bibliográfica a evolução dos sistemas CAD/CAM CEREC nos últimos anos. Pretende-se verificar a eficácia clinica deste sistema propriamente dito nos seus diversos materiais para as reabilitações de prótese fixa e reabilitações sobre impantes. Materiais e métodos: Na elaboração desta dissertação foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica no período que vai desde 1994 até Março de 2015. Foram utilizadas bases de dados como Pubmed (medline), Elsevier, Scielo e GoogleAcademic, com as palavras-chave: “digital prosthetic dentistry”; “dental cad/cam”; “dental ceramics”; “CEREC”; “sistema CEREC”; “materiais CEREC”. Resultados: Nesta revisão foram verificados estudos que mostraram que reabilitações realizadas pelos sistemas CAM/CAM CEREC tiveram bom comportamento clinico nas diversas valências, estética, adaptação marginal, resistência ao desgaste entre outros parâmetros clínicos. Conclusão: Ao longo dos últimos 20 anos do sistema CEREC, muito se tem evoluído e certamente muito se vai continuar a evoluir. O resultado dessa evolução tem sido testado pelos variados estudos, mostrando que clinicamente é um sistema rápido e preciso. A medicina dentária eleva-se para outro nível com esta tecnologia e os profissionais da área ao perceberem isso vão certamente levar as consequências dessa evolução para o paciente, realizando tratamentos mais eficazes e rápidos sendo do ponto de vista clínico uma mais valia para todos. Introduction: The evolution of technology in all areas of activity has changed the way it addresses the challenges that are imposed today. In dentistry it has happened the same way as in health care in general, a huge resistance to new techniques and technologies, but what is certain is that the digital age is increasingly expanding and to getting over this resistance. CAD / CAM systems already form an integral part of the dental rehabilitation, mainly throughout dental laboratories, but also in the dentist’s office (with CEREC system) that places the CAD / CAM technology to the dentists and patients reach. Objectives: To determine, throughout a bibliographic review the evolution of the CEREC systems in past few years. This was intended to verify the clinical effectiveness of the system itself in the various materials it works with: for fixed prosthetic restorations and rehabilitations on impantes. Methods: In preparing this thesis a bibliographic review was performed in the period of 1994 to March de 2015. Databases were used as Pubmed (Medline), Elsevier, sceilo and googleacademic with the keywords "digital prosthetic dentistry" ; "Dental cad / cam" ;"Dental ceramics" ;"CEREC" ;"CEREC system" ;"CEREC materials." Results: In this review studies checked restorations made by the CEREC systems had good clinical behavior in the following various aspects: aesthetics, marginal fit, wear resistance and other clinical parameters. Conclusion: Over the last 20 years the CEREC system, much has developed and certainly much is going to keep evolving. The result of this evolution has been analised by various studies showing that clinically it is a very fast and precise system. Dentistry has been elevated to a whole new level with this technology and the professionals aswell, that being so, the consequences of this evolution will be led to the patient, the treatments will be faster and more effective, from the clinical point of view with an added value for everyone.
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Demba, Christian. "La ceeac : une réelle intégration économique ?" Montpellier 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994MON10022.
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La communaute economique des etas d'afrique centrale place au centre de son dispositif d'integration economique, un principe de liberte de circulation entre les ressortissants des etats membres. L'ouverture des frontieres qui doit en resulter comporte, cependant, le risque de coir s'eriger des pratiques restrictives de concurrence. Or, le traite communautaire n'en fait que tres peu mention. L'insecurite juridique qui en decoule n'est pas de nature a favoriser les echanges intra-communautaire de la concurrence , en partant des differentes legislations nationales existante en la matiere. Les effets susceptibles de resulter de la libre circulation et de son pendant, la libre concurrence, pourront neanmoins etre amoindris au moyen d'une harmonisation des politiques nationales incitatives des investissements. Cela necessitera, neanmoins, de depasser les nombreux obstacles qui se dressent sur la voie de l'integration en afrique centraleThe economic community of central african states (e. C. C. A. S) puts on the center of his economic integration device a first rule from the liberty of circulation between their member countries. The opening of the frontiers which will follow, includes the risk that limit competition rise up. But the community trea tise havaly mentions the subject. The judicial insecurity which follows does not favour exchanges in the community ; so, ti is necessary to regulate competition from some national legislations. The effects that result of circulation liberty and free competition could be reduced by some political system of incitements to investments. It will however be necessary to overcome the numerous obstacles which bar the way to integration in central africa
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Jammy, Thierry. "L'accord automobile CEE-Japon." Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA010025.
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Dans son cycle de vie, le produit automobile sur les trois grands marches (États-Unis, Europe de l'ouest, Japon ) a atteint la phase de maturité, ce qui conjugue à l'offensive commerciale et industrielle des constructeurs automobiles japonais sur ces mêmes marchés, a provoqué un fort renforcement de l'intensité concurrentielle. Opérant dans un oligopole en guerre, les acteurs ont alors favorise l'émergence d'un néo-protectionnisme, dont une des formes est représentée par des accords de restriction volontaire des exportations, tels que l'accord automobile CEE-Japon. Les négociations menées durant plus d'une année entre me MITI et la CEE, ont abouti le 31 juillet 1991 à la signature de cet accord, dont le principal objectif est que la pénétration des automobiles japonaises dans la CEE, soit réalisée progressivement d'ici à la fin de la décennie. Cet accord qui ne repose sur aucun support juridique officiel, à l'exception d'une vague notification au GATT, s'est en fait révélé davantage un accord de compromis entre les différents états membres de la CEE, plutôt qu'un accord entre la CEE et le Japon. Finalement, en raison de la pauvreté du champ de la réflexion et plus encore de l'absence de définition du produit de référence dans sa dimension transplant, les constructeurs automobiles japonais pourront aisément contourner l'accord ou encore être prêts pour une offensive massive à la fin de la période de transition tout en continuant à protéger leur marché national. Globalement, l'accord impliquera une aggravation de la crise de surcapacité et un renforcement de la guerre des prix, avec pour corollaire la remise en cause de la survie de certains des constructeurs automobiles européens en tant qu'entités juridiques distinctes. De plus, il implique des partages de marches contraires à l'esprit du GATT et au traité de MaastrichtIn its life cycle, the automobile product on the three major markets (USA, West Europe, Japan) has reached its maturity phase. This fact, linked with both a commercial and an industrial offensive of Japanese car makers on the same markets, has generated a strong thigthening of competitive intensity. Competing in a war state oligopoly, players then favored the emergence of neo-protectionism sampled by volontary restrictions on exports, as witnessed by the EEC-Japan automobile agreement. Negociations between the miti and EEC lasted for more than one year and ended on july 31, 1991 with the signature of the agreement whose main objective is to organize a progressive entry of Japanese cars into the EEC until the end of the century. This agreement, built on no official legal material, except for a memorandum to the GATT, proved itself rather as a compromise between EEC members than between Europe and Japan. Finally, due to a poor thinking process and rather more due to a lack of definition of the reference product in its transplant acceptation, the Japanese car makers will be in a position to easily go around the agreement and to be ready for a massive offensive by the end of the transition period, while still preserving their national market. As a whole, the agreement will imply a worsening of the overcapacity crisis and a strengthening of the price war, wich raises the question of the survival of some European car makers as independant legal entities. Furthermore, the agreement implies a sharing of the markets in opposition with the GATT spirit and the maastricht treaty
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Bracq, Stéphane. "L'article 90 (cee/ce)." Lille 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LIL20003.
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L'origine de l'article 90 (cee/ce) reside dans la volonte des redacteurs du traite cee de controler certains aspects de l'intervention des etats membres dans l'economie. Sur ce point, il faut souligner que, meme si l'article 90 (cee/ce) a ete elabore pour prendre en compte la notion de service public, son objectif ne reside pas, uniquement, dans ce concept en tant que tel. Cette disposition possede en fait un double role. D'une part elle doit servir l'integration en veillant a ce que constitution d'un marche commun veritable. D'autre part, elle doit permettre la prise en compte de certains aspects sociaux a travers de nouveaux concepts comme la regulation. Ces deux fonctions pourraient faire l'objet de dispositions separees. L'interet de l'article 90 (cee/ce) consiste a les lier l'une a l'autre pour realiser une communaute europeenne non seulement integree mais aussi encadree juridiquement. En quelque sorte, l'espace communautaire, une fois mis en oeuvre, ne doit pas devenir une zone de non droit. En cela, l'article 90 (cee/ce) constitue un excellent outil de conciliation entre l'approfondissement de l'integration communautaire, dont il represente un instrument dynamique et la regulation de cette integration, dont il se revele une base juridique adequateThe roots of article 90 (eec/ec) have to be found in the intention of the writers of the eec treaty to control some aspects of the member states economic intervention. That interventionism may be justified by needs of " service public ". However, article 90 (eec/ec) does not only deal with that principle. Actually, the goals of article 90 (eec/ec) are twofold. First of all, it has been established to -ensure the community infftgratinn in that sftrirr public interventions shall neither be used to prevent the achievement of the common market. Secondly, it can promote new principles such as" regulation ". Those two functions could be prescribed in two separate provisions. Therefore, article 90 (eec/ec) is interesting in that it deals with the relationship between those two aims. Consequently, the ec has a legal framework to become a free integrated market. Article 90 (eec/ec) is the tool to conciliate the building of a deeper and deeper ec integration and the" regulation " of that integration
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Mohamed. "La coopération CEE/Maghreb." Nice, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993NICE0027.
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En ayant recours à une documentation de première main, tant en arabe qu'en francais, l'auteur tente de démontrer tout d'abord l'échec des relations de la CEE, en tant qu'ensemble régional, avec les pays du Maghreb pris isolement. Il analyse les trois domaines principaux de la coopération CEE pays du Maghreb, la coopération commerciale, la coopération financière et technique, enfin la coopération en matière de pêche et relève les insuffisances de la politique maghrebine de la CEE. Puis l'auteur s'interroge sur les possibilités d'élargir cette coopération en la transformant en coopération associant deux ensembles régionaux, l'union du Maghreb Arabe (UMA) et la CEE. Il commence tout d'abord par présenter les conditions dans lesquelles a été instituée l'UMA. Après avoir analysé le traité de Marrakech examine la mise en place des institutions de l'UMA et leur fonctionnement, il procède à l'examen des relations inaugurées par les deux organisations régionales.
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Faure, Eric. "Etude du système cellulolytique de Clostridium cellulolyticum : clonage de deux gènes celec A et celec B codant pour des endoglucanases : Etude moléculaire du gène celec A et de son produit." Aix-Marseille 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988AIX11153.
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Kadlecová, Petra. "Automotive Corporate Strategy in CEE." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-10869.
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The diploma thesis shows the status of the automotive industry in the Czech Republic. It shows the trends in the Czech automotive industry in short theoretical presentation. There is a trend of the future competition from developing countries, other problems are growing raw material prices or government's limits in CO2 production. The companies connected to the automotive industry are reacting. The relevant information about the status and reactions of the Czech automotive industry companies, especially at the time of the crisis, was gained. The work answers the main question: How will the situation look like in the Czech automotive industry after the end of the crisis.
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Breuss, Fritz, Mikulás Luptácik, and Bernhard Mahlberg. "How far away are the CEECs from the EU economic standards? A data envelopment analysis of the economic performance of the CEECs." Forschungsinstitut für Europafragen, WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2000. http://epub.wu.ac.at/1034/1/document.pdf.
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In October 1999 the European Commission published the second progress report on the state of convergence of the Central- and Eastern European candidate countries (CEECs). The report encompasses an assessment, which is based on the three Copenhagen criteria. From an economic point of view, a country must have a functioning market economy and be able to withstand the competition on the European single market. In this paper we present a synthetic performance measure which helps to assess the economic preparedness of the ten Central and Eastern European Countries (CEECs) to become members of the European Union (EU). With the aid of the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) we construct a best practice frontier, which is supported by the best performing EU-countries and which serves as a benchmark for the candidate countries. The preparedness of any CEEC is measured as the relative distance to this frontier. The results confirm that the macroeconomic performance of most of the CEECs lies far behind the EU standards, in foreign trade some of the CEECs already perform better than some EU countries. Interestingly, we find out that some CEECs are already better prepared for the EMU than many EU member states. (authors' abstract)Series: EI Working Papers / Europainstitut
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Forestier, François. "Plaquette et CEC. : Atteinte plaquettaire en chirurgie cardiaque avec CEC : aspects physiopathologiques, prévention, détection et traitement." Bordeaux 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998BOR23017.
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Backmann, Finn [Verfasser]. "Das Cerec-III- Dateiformat : Untersuchung zur Qualitätsanalyse / Finn Backmann." Berlin : Medizinische Fakultät Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 2010. http://d-nb.info/1025087518/34.
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Polášek, Petr. "Trade Effects of the East Enlargement in the CEECs." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-10318.
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The thesis analyses the effect of the Eastern enlargement on goods flows into four CEECs. In the beginning, the Eastern enlargement and numerous related economic effects are briefly characterised. After that it focuses on trade diversion and trade creation effects, starting with a concise discussion of the traditional customs union theory and followed by the explanation of the choice of the estimation method. A gravity model applied on a panel data set is then used to model the import flows into the EU15 and the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia. The results showed that a careful choice of the model specification and estimating technique is needed and the model that controlled for four sources of unobserved heterogeneity (time, country pair, importer, and exporter specific characteristics) was chosen. Based on this model's results, we could expect a significant increase of imports from EFTA into these countries but aggregately we should not expect any trade diversion as no further redirecting of import flows from the rest of the world is predicted. Eventually, some of the real trade flow developments (territorial and commodity structures and revealed comparative advantages of selected regions) are described.
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Stene, Emmanuel. "La politique mediterraneenne de la cee." Paris 5, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA050003.
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La politique mediterraneenne est l'action communautaire en faveur du developpement economique et social des pays du pourtour mediterraneen. La politique mediterraneenne est chaotique. Ce caractere entame regulieement sa credibilite a deux niveaux : * d'abord, au niveau de la politique mediterraneene elle-meme; ainsi, se posent les questions de savoir quel est le point d'ancrage de cette politique, quel est le prix a payer pour la communaute ou encore quels sont les avantages qu'elle en tire; * ensuite, au niveau du processus decisionnel qui meme a la politique mediterraneene. Les accords mediterraneens n'ont jamais reussi a faire echec a la force de resistance des determinants politiques comme economiques. De plus, la question se pose de savoir si les instruments communautaires que ces accords ont elabores sont propres a declencher une dynamique de developpement dans les pays du pourtour mediterraneen? la question se pose parce que les accords en ont la pretention. De ce point de vue la, la politique mediterraneenne temoigne de la difficulte qu'il y a de soumettre un monde en transition a un ordre juridique coherent. Elle peut tout juste tenter de l'amenagerThe european community plays the leading role in adopting discriminatoriy policy in favour of the mediterranean countries, chief example of its regional approach. The study is devoted to assessing the possibilities of the preferential arrangements to permit the economic and social development of these countries
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Okumuş, Andaç. "Opportunities For Turkish Companies in CEE." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-125087.
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This thesis focuses on the opportunities for Turkish companies in the Central and Eastern European countries namely Hungary, Czech Republic, Poland, Slovak Republic and Austria. The thesis aims to provide a sound grasp of the economic situation of each country with an insight to the macroeconomic indicators, foreign direct investment and foreign trade figures for the country in question. Each country section included a separate focus on the strengths, weaknesses, threats and opportunities that a Turkish investor who may wish to invest in the country in question may benefit from or confront with. In order to be able to do so, a detailed literature review has been conducted using mainly the update primary data available. The findings derived are summarized in the conclusion section of the thesis.
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Boughtflower, Robert J. "Operating parameters for capillary electrochromatography (CEC)." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/12403.
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Miniaturisation of chromatographic systems is becoming increasingly desirable. Future developments will demand the analysis of smaller samples, at faster rates, with increasingly complex separations required. These demands are already starting to exceed the capabilities of conventional HPLC systems. Systems will require more column efficiency, operation at higher flow rates and detection of the undiluted eluent in the most sensitive detectors available. CEC offers the opportunity to achieve these goals. The main obstacles to using CEC reliably are the relatively unstable nature of purely electrically driven flows in packed beds, the lack of good quality CEC columns and the lack of dedicated instruments to perform CEC analysis. Also, CEC shares some of the same problems with HPLC of miniaturising the separation system without incurring dispersion related losses. The work detailed in this thesis contributes considerable advancements in most of these areas. Novel methods to produce high quality columns are described. The work demonstrates effective methods for coupling CEC to MS that make allowance for control of dispersion. The thermal limits of operation are discussed and demonstrated. Pressure-assisted CEC, demonstrating the practicality of performing CEC based analysis that is as reliable as current HPLC systems is shown. Proper optimisation of these type of uses will ultimately deliver CEC in a reliable format which will encourage a whole new audience of users to reap the benefits available.
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Martinot, Stéphane. "Comportement oxymétrique et hémodynamique du foetus ovin in utero sous CEC pulsatile : comparaison avec la CEC continue." Lyon 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LYO1T128.
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Freeman-Mills, Luke. "Germline determinants of colorectal cancer risk and outcome." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:a03ce112-cece-49ac-8843-247d84ec6854.
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Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common global cancer. Approximately one fifth of phenotypic variance in CRC is attributable to additive genetic inputs: the disease risk is heritable. The nature and location of these genetic inputs has been the preoccupation of association studies over the last decade. Variation at some 30 genomic loci influences sporadic CRC risk. However, in Mendelian disorders this risk is almost absolute. Such cancer syndromes include Lynch syndrome, caused by defective DNA mismatch repair, and serrated polyposis syndrome, which has no confirmed genetic cause. The aim of this thesis was to continue exploring how common and rare germline genetics influence CRC liability. A reexamination of the chromosome 15 GREM1 locus in seven imputed UK case-control cohorts revealed a new, genome-wide significant risk polymorphism at rs17816465, independent of previously reported associations. This polymorphism lies near to conserved regulatory elements within the FMN1 gene and had allele-specific luciferase activity. Similar fine-mapping at the POLD3 locus showed a large haplotype carrying CRC risk, making further refinement of the signal difficult. A risk score incorporating a correlate of this haplotype and all other independently CRC-associated polymorphisms was significantly higher in cases than in controls, but did not predict patient survival. Instead, the risk score anticorrelated with tumour driver mutation burden in publically available colorectal cancer data. This thesis also reports the mapping and calling of the whole-genome sequences of 299 UK CRC and adenoma patients. Rare variants within this cohort were shown to be shared beyond expectation in geographic clines not visible to principal component analysis. Future rare variant association studies will need to correct for cryptic population structure using other statistical tools. In contravention of recruitment criteria, known polyposis syndrome genes were often deleteriously mutant within the genomes. Also, filtering on phenotype or gene subsets revealed potentially pathogenic variants in either whole-genome or whole-exome sequences in EXO1, RPA4, and LNX1. One individual displayed homozygous mutation of the mismatch repair gene MSH3. This was the second account of a germline MSH3 change causing tetranucleotide-unstable CRC. Lastly, a family suffering serrated polyposis was shown to carry a heterozygous RNF43 frameshift that segregated with the disease. This thesis improves our account of both sporadic and Mendelian CRC risk. It identifies a new genome-wide significant association with sporadic CRC at the GREM1 locus and provides a haplotypic account of risk at POLD3. It also describes two rare germline causes of Mendelian CRC: MSH3 and RNF43 loss of function.
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Gérard, Marc. "Economic catching-up and monetary integration of Central and Eastern European countries." Thesis, Paris 10, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA100021.
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Cette thèse s’intéresse au défi que représente le rattrapage des niveaux de prix pour la stabilité macroéconomique des pays en transition d’Europe centrale et orientale, dans la perspective de leur future participation à la zone euro. A cet égard, une modélisation du taux de change réel d’équilibre suggère que l’appréciation réelle liée au rattrapage économique recouvre des évolutions de prix relatifs différentes suivant les régimes de change, dont témoignent des trajectoires d’endettement extérieur contrastées. Dans les économies en changes flexibles, la hausse du taux de change nominal favorise une appréciation endogène des termes de l’échange à moyen terme, en orientant les investissements directs étrangers et la réalisation des gains de productivité vers le secteur exposé de l’économie, ce qui se traduit par une appréciation du taux de change réel d’équilibre et une amélioration des comptes extérieurs. Dans les économies en changes fixes, les effets de valorisation liés à la hausse des prix relatifs domestiques tendent à orienter les investissements vers le secteur abrité de l’économie, entraînant une érosion de la compétitivité extérieure, dont témoigne le gonflement de la dette externe. Par ailleurs, l’intégration monétaire comporte des risques spécifiques pour la stabilité macroéconomique des économies en rattrapage, dans la mesure où elle s’accompagne d’un processus marqué de convergence des conditions de financement entre Etats membres, dès lors que la perspective de l’adhésion à l’espace monétaire commun devient crédible. Un modèle dynamique à anticipations rationnelles permet de montrer que face au choc de demande lié à une telle convergence financière, l’appréciation du taux de change nominal se révèle cruciale pour limiter la surchauffe de l’économie. A l’inverse, dans les économies en régime de change fixe, l’abaissement des primes de risque pays est susceptible de provoquer une montée de l’endettement extérieur, suivi d’enchaînements déflationnistes une fois dans l’union monétaireThis research investigates the challenges of price level catching-up for macroeconomic stability in Central and Eastern European transition countries seeking to enter the Euro area. In this respect, an equilibrium real exchange rate model suggests that the process of real appreciation observed along economic catching-up in these countries can be ascribed to different relative price developments, depending on the exchange rate regime, as exemplified by contrasted external debt trajectories. In flexible exchange rate economies, the increase in the nominal exchange rate fosters an endogenous appreciation of the terms of trade in the medium run, by channelling foreign direct investment and associated productivity gains to the exposed sector of the economy, thus appreciating the equilibrium real exchange rate and strengthening the current account over time. In fixed exchange rate economies, positive valuation effects associated with the increase in domestic relative prices tend to divert investment to the sheltered sector, thus undermining external competitiveness and bringing about higher external debt. Furthermore, monetary integration entails specific risks for macroeconomic stability in catching-up economies, because it implies a process of rapid convergence in the financing conditions across member States, which takes place as soon as the perspective of accession to the common monetary area appears credible. A dynamic, rational expectations model shows that the appreciation of the nominal exchange rate becomes crucial to curtail the economic overheating triggered by the demand shock associated with financial convergence. By contrast, diminishing country risk premia under fixed exchange rate regimes are likely to cause ‘boom bust’ cycles, with an increase in external indebtedness followed by deflationary developments once in the monetary union
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Bergé, Samanta Lopes. "Silêncio e (des)solução em Cartas a Posêidon de Cees Nooteboom." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 2015. https://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/136494.
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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Literatura, Florianópolis, 2015.Made available in DSpace on 2015-11-17T03:10:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 336360.pdf: 1677328 bytes, checksum: 9de3f85518b7ac27200d57cec1610d06 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015
É a partir do abandono dos deuses em Cartas a Posêidon (2012), do escritor Cees Nooteboom, que a presente dissertação busca refletir sobre a criação de uma imagem poética do estatuto do homem nos dias atuais, cujo enfoque reside nas inúmeras descontinuidades e rupturas presentes no texto de escritor neerlandês. Através da Carta sobre o humanismo, de Martin Heidegger, e Regras para o parque humano, de Peter Sloterdijk, o trabalho propõe uma breve discussão sobre a epístola enquanto ferramenta humanista e, no caso de Nooteboom, a sua inabilidade em fazer amigos, resultado da disrupção do dialogismo pelo insistente silêncio divino. Utilizando-se do conceito de Stimmung e os estudos de Leo Spitzer e Hans Gumbrecht sobre o tema, a dissertação procura observar a criação de determinadas atmosferas ao longo do texto, cuja essência nega o significado original do termo Stimmung enquanto harmonia. Por intermédio do pensamento de Jean-Luc Nancy acerca do mito e a sua base atual como negação de sua fundação original, o trabalho busca pensar a inoperância da carta como espaço de proliferação da narrativa. Valendo-se de A Comunidade Inconfessável, de Maurice Blanchot, a formação da comunidade tem como base a sua própria ausência em um movimento contínuo aqui proposto como (des)solução. Por fim, através da contribuição de Susan Sontag em ?Estética do silêncio?, a dissertação propõe uma comparação dos fragmentos de Nooteboom com a pintura neerlandesa do século XVII, o Stilleven, e a sua natureza silente e imóvel que em Nooteboom culminam em tremor, ruído.
Abstract : It is from the abandonment of the gods in Letters to Poseidon (2012), of the writer Cees Nooteboom, that this study tries to reflect on the creation of a poetic image of the status of man nowadays whose focus lies in the many discontinuities and breaks in the text the Dutch author. By Letter on Humanism, from Martin Heidegger, and Rules for the human zoo, by Peter Sloterdijk, the work proposes a brief discussion of the epistle as humanistic tool and, in the case of Nooteboom, its inability to make friends as a result of disruption of dialogism by the insistent divine silence. Using the concept of Stimmung and studies of Leo Spitzer and Hans Gumbrecht on the subject, the dissertation tries to observe the creation of specific atmospheres throughout the text, whose essence denies the original meaning of the term Stimmung as harmony. Through the thought of Jean-Luc Nancy about the myth and its current base as denial of its original foundation, the work aims to rethink the ineffectiveness of communication as the narrative space proliferation and the formation of a community, drawing on The Unavowable Community, from Maurice Blanchot, whose base lies in its very absence, in continuous motion proposed here as (dis)solution. Finally, through the contribution of Susan Sontag in "Aesthetics of Silence", the study proposes a comparison of Nooteboom fragments with the Dutch painting of the seventeenth century, Stilleven, and its silent and motionless nature that in Nooteboom culminates into tremor, noise.
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Norton, Dean Stephen. "Capillary Electrochromatography-Mass Spectrometry (CEC-MS) of Surfactants." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2007. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/chemistry_diss/13.
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This research presents advancements in the coupling of capillary electrochromatography (CEC) to mass spectrometry (MS) for the analysis of different chemical classes of surfactants. Chapter 1 provides a brief introduction that summarizes the mechanics and fundamentals of CEC, including instrumentation and applications for CEC-MS. Chapter 2 describes the on-line hyphenation of a packed CEC column with an internally tapered tip coupled to electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and atmospheric pressure chemical ionization-mass spectrometry (APCI-MS) for the analysis of betaine-type amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactants (Zwittergent®). The interesting aspects include CEC-MS column manufacture and charaterization, as well as a comparison between the CEC-ACPI-MS and CEC-ESI-MS ionization pattern of zwittergents. In Chapter 3, the CEC-MS of alkyltrimethyl-ammonium ions (ATMA+) with chain length ranging from C1-C18 is optimized using an internally tapered CEC-MS column packed with mixed mode C6/strong cation exchange stationary phase and coupled to an ESI source. In addition, the optimized CEC-ESI-MS protocol is applied for the challenging analysis of commercial sample Arquad S-50 ATMA+ containing cis-trans unsaturated and saturated soyabean fatty acid derivatives. In Chapter 4, a novel CEC-UV method for separation of the various Triton X-100 oligomers is presented. A systematic mobile phase tuning and comparison of monomeric vs. polymeric stationary phases was conducted. In Chapter 5, we present the first application of CEC coupled to MS for analysis of Triton X (TX-) series surfactants. A characterization from the viewpoint of the ion and adduct formation for TX-series nonionic surfactants with a variable number of ethoxy units (n=1.5-16) in the scan mode are first discussed. Next, utilizing the TX-series as model alkylphenolpolyethoxylates (APEOs), a detailed investigation of the chromatographic separation and MS detection are performed followed by analysis of very long chain TX series with n=30-70. In Chapter 6, CEC-MS utilizing full scan positive ion mode of ESI was employed to study the effect of fragmentor voltage on the in-source collision induced dissociation (IS-CID) of several APEO nonionic surfactants. Finally, in Chapter 7, the preparation and characterization of a novel liquid crystalline stationary phase suitable for separation of neutral and charged compounds in packed column CEC is evaluated.
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Meyer, Michael, Clara Maria Moder, Michaela Neumayr, and Peter Vandor. "Civil Society and Its Institutional Context in CEE." Springer US, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11266-019-00106-7.
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Although civil societies in Central and Eastern Europe are often portrayed as similar, united by a shared communist past, they have developed along increasingly divergent trajectories over the past three decades. This article investigates the current state of civil society in the region and the role the institutional context plays in it. Drawing on historical institutionalism and the process of European integration, we classify the 14 countries under investigation into three distinct groups and analyze data from a survey of more than 350 local civil society experts. We find that, together with domestic governments, international donors and the EU are perceived as the most influential institutional actors for civil society organizations. Their respective influences, however, depend largely on a country's stage in the EU accession process. Overall, the study provides a differentiated mapping of civil society in this region and a better understanding of how the institutional context relates to a Country's civil society.
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Kurnas, Martin. "Corporate Turnaround in SME - case studies from CEE." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-113809.
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The presented master thesis is intended to serve as a guide to the corporate turnarounds for small and medium enterprises. In the first part, the theoretical background related to corporate turnaround is outlined complemented with specific aspects of the CEE region and the Czech Republic. In the next part, a comprehensive turnaround framework based on theoretical research is developed. The final part presents a case study of a small Czech company that went through a turnaround and evaluates the company's turnaround actions from the perspective of suggested theoretical framework.
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Sroka, Martin. "Risk management of multinational banks operating in CEE." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-125137.
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Multinational banks dominate the banking sectors in Central- and Eastern European countries and are an important partner for the domestic real economies. The aim of this paper is to examine the risk-return variations of these financial institutions in different macroeconomic stages in and around the global financial and economic crisis. The capital adequacy ratio (CAR) is used as a representation of the overall risk a bank is exposed to. The question is if a change in GDP growth implies a reciprocal change in CAR of a bank and if a change in CAR leads to a reciprocal change in net income. In addition, it will be tried to assess the consistency of the risk strategies of different subsidiaries of the same banking group. To conduct the research CAR is firstly derived as a suitable holistic risk measure in the theoretical part of this paper. Then, in the empirical part a case study is carried out that comprises the Czech and Slovak subsidiaries of four multinational banking groups and that is designed for the time horizon from 2008 to 2010. Qualitative as well as quantitative methods are applied.
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Goet, Niels. "The politics of procedural choice : regulating legislative debate in the UK House of Commons, 1811-2015." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:080bb7ac-cee7-42b4-b6a5-d4f5f30d5495.
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All democratic organisations operate under a particular set of rules. Such procedures are implemented by the very individuals that create and maintain them, usually under a majority voting rule. This research project engages with the question of why and how members of parliament "abdicate" procedural power, focusing on the evolution of the rules of debate in the UK House of Commons. Working from newly collected data on the reform of Standing Orders of the House spanning 205 years (1811 - 2015), as well as records of over six million speeches, it provides a new perspective on procedural choice. Framing debate as a platform for speech-as-filibuster behaviour, I develop a formal model where the decision to support an anti-dilatory reform is primarily a function of polarisation. I show that legislators adopt restrictive rules when they are more likely to share policy preferences with colleagues within their party. The presence of shared views, then, motivates MPs to prioritise responsible use of the common resource of plenary time over individual policy influence. Both empirically and theoretically, my research offers new insights into the process of parliamentary reform in the absence of party discipline, and studies how the dynamics of procedural choice change as political parties enter the stage. Methodologically, it makes a contribution to the text-as-data field, exploring the use of novel machine-learning techniques in the measurement of political preferences.
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Clarke, Channine. "Occupational therapy students' experiences of role-emerging placements and their influence on professional practice." Thesis, University of Brighton, 2012. https://research.brighton.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/a61504f4-cecc-4d7b-8e09-879ab99a4161.
Full textAbstract:
Changes in health and social care present exciting opportunities for occupational therapists to expand their practice into innovative settings. To prepare graduates for these opportunities, placement experiences must reflect current trends in practice. Role-emerging placements are increasingly being used to help students develop the skills, knowledge and attributes needed to become the therapists of tomorrow. Whilst the literature on role-emerging placements is increasing, studies have tended to be general placement evaluations, with limited studies exploring students' experiences in detail. No studies have explored the influence of role-emerging placements on graduates' professional practice and identity. This study adopted a phenomenological design to gain a deeper understanding of how occupational therapy students experience and ascribe meaning to role-emerging placements and the ways in which such placements influence their professional practice and identity once qualified. In-depth initial interviews were carried out with five MSc pre-registration occupational therapy students within one month of having undertaken a role-emerging placement. Follow-up interviews were carried out six months after the students had graduated and gained employment. Interviews were audio taped, transcribed and analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). Key findings reveal that the role-emerging placements acted as a strong catalyst for the students' ontological development. Through engaging in challenging and autonomous learning experiences, they developed deeper insights of who they were becoming as professionals. This led to a professional identity that was of their own making. Having to continually reflect on and verbalise the core essence and contribution of occupational therapy, students developed clarity of understanding about the uniqueness of the profession. This is an important finding in light of the historical difficulty occupational therapists have had articulating their unique role and professional identity. Once qualified, participants had mixed experiences concerning the extent to which they were able to sustain this identity and enact practice in a way that was meaningful to them. A significant finding was the difficulty that graduates experienced working in NHS settings where the nature of occupational therapy practice restricted their ability to work in a way that was congruent with the professional way of being that they had developed during their placement. Consideration therefore needs to be given to the nature of occupational therapy practice in traditional settings. Recommendation is made for role-emerging placements to be made compulsory for all occupational therapy students to assist them in their ontological development and prepare them more effectively for practice. Further research into the long-term influence of such placements, in particular on graduates' practice and identity, is required.
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Orchard-Webb, Johanne Marie. "Social dimensions of urban regeneration : discourses, policies and practices of social sustainability in Hastings, England." Thesis, University of Brighton, 2012. https://research.brighton.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/e66c784c-cece-4009-bc3f-9c349dd0e09d.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis develops an alternative critique of social urban regeneration practice by using a political-governance approach to examine the impact of regeneration governance upon barriers and opportunities for social sustainability. The research responds to a call from scholars to refocus sustainability research on the institutional, political and governance space that fosters or marginalises its presence and form. This ethnographic case study involved a year-long cycle of participant observation within the extensive Hastings regeneration governance infrastructure, and interviews with key stakeholders in that regeneration community. An analysis using NVivo was undertaken of thirty-one interviews, fifty regeneration governance meetings and the documents from each meeting. From that data emerged a strong argument for the centrality of the specificity of place in the construction or obstruction of social sustainability. Of particular importance is the impact of the socio-political context and the institutional and cultural legacy of New Labour partnership-led regeneration. The alternative critique identified in the Hastings example, in part emerges from the agency of a large-scale, political, and active Voluntary Community Sector (VCS) that is integral to, and embedded into the local governance infrastructure. The alternative model of activism employed by the VCS core utilises governance norms and practices to navigate the complex regeneration policy and governance landscape to contribute to, and disturb dominant agendas. In this regeneration landscape a distinctive local socio-political context, an alternative model of activism, and a valued good governance partnership culture enable what other commentators have termed 'actually existing' social sustainability (AESS). The research findings advance an understanding of principal critiques of the New Labour regeneration project, including the notions of 'post-political regeneration tactics' and democratic deficit, through a critical analysis of their presence in terms of their obstruction of AESS. The alternative critique that emerges from this research explores a possible shift in the locus and production of power, and the redistribution of roles in UK regeneration practice that enables a stronger VCS position.
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LAMENZA, ARTHUR ABREU DA SILVA. "METHODOLOGY FOR PURCHASING STRATEGIES DEFINITION IN HUMANITARIAN LOGISTICS: CEDEC-SP CASE STUDY." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2015. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=25656@1.
Full textAbstract:
PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIROCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
PROGRAMA DE SUPORTE À PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO DE INSTS. DE ENSINO
Essa dissertação teve como objetivo propor uma metodologia para a definição de estratégias de compra de itens de ajuda humanitária baseada no modelo de gestão de portfólio de Kraljic (1983) e com apoio do método multicritério de decisão AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) simplificado, incluindo duas fases: a definição de uma matriz de compras humanitária e de estratégias de compra no caso da CEDEC-SP. Para definir a matriz de compras humanitária, foram propostos critérios para definir Importância da Compra e Complexidade do Mercado Fornecedor no caso humanitário, com base na Revisão Bibliográfica, sendo, em seguida, validados junto a um conjunto de especialistas de logística humanitária através de um questionário elaborado e enviado para os mesmos. Com os resultados obtidos, a matriz de compras humanitária foi definida de acordo com as dimensões Importância da Compra, conforme critérios relacionados ao grau de criticidade do item para a prestação de ajuda humanitária e ao impacto financeiro, e Complexidade do Mercado Fornecedor, conforme critérios relacionados ao risco de suprimento de itens de ajuda humanitária, utilizando as mesmas categorias e estratégias recomendadas pelo modelo de Kraljic (1983). Para definir as estratégias de compra no caso da CEDEC-SP, foi aplicada a matriz proposta, ponderando os critérios relacionados a Importância da Compra e Complexidade do Mercado Fornecedor no caso humanitário através do AHP simplificado, e, em seguida, posicionando uma amostra de itens de ajuda humanitária comprados pela CEDEC-SP na matriz, através do método de pontuação ponderada. Com isso, foram propostas algumas recomendações para adaptar as estratégias indicadas pela matriz à realidade atual da CEDEC-SP, considerando as limitações de licitação impostas à mesma pela lei n. 8666/1993.
This dissertation aimed to propose a methodology for the development of purchasing strategies for relief items based on Kraljic (1983) purchasing portfolio matrix and with the support of multi-criteria decision making method AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) simplified, including two stages: the definition of a humanitarian purchasing matrix and purchasing strategies for the case of CEDEC-SP. To set the humanitarian purchasing matrix, criteria were proposed to define Importance of Purchasing and Complexity of Supply Market in the humanitarian case, based on the literature review, being then validated by a set of humanitarian logistics specialists through a questionnaire elaborated and sent to the same. With the results obtained, the humanitarian purchasing matrix was defined according to the dimensions Importance of Purchasing, according to criteria related to the degree of criticality of the item for the delivery of humanitarian aid and the financial impact and Complexity of Supply Market, according to criteria related to supply risk of relief items, using the same categories and strategies recommended by Kraljic (1983). For the definition of purchasing strategies in the case of CEDEC-SP, was applied the humanitarian purchasing matrix, weighting the criteria related to Importance of Purchasing and Complexity of Supply Market in the humanitarian case through simplified AHP and then positioning a sample of relief items in the matrix through the weighted factor score method. With this, a comparison was made between the strategies indicated by the matrix and the strategy adopted by the CEDEC-SP, being proposed some modifications in order to adapt the recommendations established by the matrix, respecting the limitations imposed on CEDEC-SP by the competitive bidding law No. 8666/1993.
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Dvořák, Petr. "Profitability comparison of generic wind-farm projects in CEE." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-76642.
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The aim of this diploma thesis is to suggest the best locality in the CEE region for a prospective investment in wind farms for an undisclosed Czech company. This goal is to be achieved by comparison of generic projects that have the same technical specification, capital expenditures and operating expenses. These projects are investigated from different perspectives including wind conditions, financing terms, technology constraints and mainly the legal aspects of each respective country -- namely the regulatory environment for wind power-offtake either feed-in tariff or green certificate support schemes. The NPV of FCF and IRR (MIRR) are to be used for evaluation of these projects. Sensitivity analysis for key drivers will complement prior assumptions.
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Štiller, Martin. "Návrh a budování center sdílených služeb v regionu CEE." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-191882.
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Diploma thesis introduces general principles of design and build of Shared Service Centres. Shared Service Centre is described as a suitable platform for streamlining of internal supporting services. The thesis also introduces general principles of internal processes transformation into a shared service as well as procedure for selection of suitable location. Final assessment presents most convenient countries in the world for implementation of Shared Service Centres.
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Loos, Rene. "Vergleichende Untersuchung von intraoraler und extraoraler Digitalisierung nach Modellherstellung mit CEREC-3D®." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2009. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-ds-1226095011745-95833.
Full textAbstract:
Durch den Einsatz von CAD/CAM-Technologien sollen potenzielle Fehlerquellen der handwerklich-manuellen Herstellung zahnmedizinischprothetischer Restaurationen eliminiert werden. Grundlage für die Fertigung einer prothetischen Restauration mittels CAD/CAM ist eine möglichst genaue Digitalisierung der klinischen Situation. In dieser Studie wurde die Genauigkeit der digitalen Erfassung von Zähnen unter experimentellen sowie unter klinischen Bedingungen mit dem CEREC-3D® System (intraoral) im Vergleich zu konventioneller Abformung und Modellerstellung mit anschließender extraoraler Digitalisierung (Digiscan) untersucht. Von einem Schulungsmodell wurde mit einer Doppelmischabformung ein Modell mit präpariertem Zahn 16 erzeugt und extraoral digitalisiert. Dieses Modell wurde simuliert intraoral sowie nach erneuter Abformung und Modellherstellung extraoral digitalisiert. Im Anschluss daran erfolgte die Zuordnung der einzelnen Datensätze auf das Referenz-CAD-Modell und die dreidimensionale Differenzberechnung. Die durch die Ethik-Kommission genehmigte klinische Studie umfasste zehn Probanden. Bei diesen zehn Probanden erfolgte eine konventionelle und optische Abformung des Oberkiefers. Aus der konventionellen Abformung entstand ein Modell, welches extraoral-optisch digitalisiert wurde. Diesen Daten wurde die optische Abformung zugeordnet. Die dreidimensionale Auswertung erfolgte analog der in-vitro Studie. Die Auswertung der in-vitro Daten lieferte mittlere dreidimensionale Abweichungen von ±17-35μm bei der Betrachtung vom präparierten Zahn 16 und seinen Nachbarzähnen. Betrachtete man nur den präparierten Zahn 16, zeigten sich mittlere Abweichungen um ±17μm. Im Vergleich dazu lag die berechnete mittlere Differenz bei der intraoralen Digitalisierung eines Quadranten mit ±26-81μm erheblich darüber. Im Registrierzentrum konnte die geringste Abweichung gefunden werden. Der konventionelle Verfahrensweg (Abformung – Modellherstellung – extraorale Digitalisierung) hingegen liefert eine Genauigkeit von ±9-19μm. Anhand der gewonnenen Ergebnisse kann man sagen, dass die CEREC-3D®Kamera für die Erfassung von Einzelzahnrestaurationen sowie gegebenenfalls kleinerer mehrspanniger Restaurationen geeignet ist. Größere Restaurationen hingegen übersteigen den Indikationsbereich des Systems und sollten extraoral über den Umweg einer Abformung digitalisiert werden. Klinische Parameter beeinflussen die Genauigkeit der intraoralen Digitalisierung in einem akzeptablen Maß. Dies wird anhand des Vergleiches der in-vitro mit den in-vivo Daten ersichtlich. Dabei ist die Puderschicht von durchschnittlich 28,6μm (51) bei der intraoralen Digitalisierung zu berücksichtigenUsing CAD/CAM-technology in dentistry is supposed to reduce or eliminate potential sources of error resulting from the manual craftsmanship needed when making dental restorative restorations. For any CAD/CAM-made restoration, a digitalization as precise as possible is basic. In this study, the precision of the digital measurement of teeth was examined in-vitro and invivo. The intraoral CEREC-3D® system was compared with conventional impression taking and model making and subsequent digitalization (Digiscan). A one-stage putty-and-wash impression was taken from a training model. The first upper molar in this model was prepared for a full crown. The resulting gypsum model was extraorally digitized. This master model was digitized with simulated intraoral digitizing and, after taking again an impression and making a gypsum model, with extraoral digitizing. The data was then aligned to the reference CAD-model, and the threedimensional differences were calculated. The clinical trial included ten probands and was approved by the responsible ethical committee. From each proband, a conventional impression as well as an intraoral digitizing was made from the upper jaw. The gypsum model resulting from the impression was digitized extraorally, and the data was aligned to the data-sets of the intraoral digitizing. The threedimensional differences were calculated analogous to the in-vitro analysis. The threedimensional analysis showed mean differences between ±17 and 35 microns for the prepared tooth 16 and its neighboring teeth. Looking at tooth 16 alone, the mean differences were around ±17 microns. Compared to these values, the mean differences calculated for intraoral digitizing of a whole quadrant were considerably higher (±26-81 microns). The smallest mean deviations were found at the center of alignment. The conventional method (impression taking - model making - extraoral digitizing) showed a significantly higher precision (±9-19 microns). The results show that the CEREC-3D®camera is suitable for single tooth and short-span restorations. However, the indication is not given for long-span restorations using the intraoral system. Such restorations should always be made after conventional impression taking, model making and subsequent extraoral digitizing. The precision of the intraoral digitizing is influenced by clinical parameters in an acceptable way as shown by the comparison of invitro and in-vivo data. The powder-layer of average 28.6 microns (51) has to be taken into consideration, when using intraoral digitizing
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Loos, Rene. "Vergleichende Untersuchung von intraoraler und extraoraler Digitalisierung nach Modellherstellung mit CEREC-3D®." Doctoral thesis, Technische Universität Dresden, 2008. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A23812.
Full textAbstract:
Durch den Einsatz von CAD/CAM-Technologien sollen potenzielle Fehlerquellen der handwerklich-manuellen Herstellung zahnmedizinischprothetischer Restaurationen eliminiert werden. Grundlage für die Fertigung einer prothetischen Restauration mittels CAD/CAM ist eine möglichst genaue Digitalisierung der klinischen Situation. In dieser Studie wurde die Genauigkeit der digitalen Erfassung von Zähnen unter experimentellen sowie unter klinischen Bedingungen mit dem CEREC-3D® System (intraoral) im Vergleich zu konventioneller Abformung und Modellerstellung mit anschließender extraoraler Digitalisierung (Digiscan) untersucht. Von einem Schulungsmodell wurde mit einer Doppelmischabformung ein Modell mit präpariertem Zahn 16 erzeugt und extraoral digitalisiert. Dieses Modell wurde simuliert intraoral sowie nach erneuter Abformung und Modellherstellung extraoral digitalisiert. Im Anschluss daran erfolgte die Zuordnung der einzelnen Datensätze auf das Referenz-CAD-Modell und die dreidimensionale Differenzberechnung. Die durch die Ethik-Kommission genehmigte klinische Studie umfasste zehn Probanden. Bei diesen zehn Probanden erfolgte eine konventionelle und optische Abformung des Oberkiefers. Aus der konventionellen Abformung entstand ein Modell, welches extraoral-optisch digitalisiert wurde. Diesen Daten wurde die optische Abformung zugeordnet. Die dreidimensionale Auswertung erfolgte analog der in-vitro Studie. Die Auswertung der in-vitro Daten lieferte mittlere dreidimensionale Abweichungen von ±17-35μm bei der Betrachtung vom präparierten Zahn 16 und seinen Nachbarzähnen. Betrachtete man nur den präparierten Zahn 16, zeigten sich mittlere Abweichungen um ±17μm. Im Vergleich dazu lag die berechnete mittlere Differenz bei der intraoralen Digitalisierung eines Quadranten mit ±26-81μm erheblich darüber. Im Registrierzentrum konnte die geringste Abweichung gefunden werden. Der konventionelle Verfahrensweg (Abformung – Modellherstellung – extraorale Digitalisierung) hingegen liefert eine Genauigkeit von ±9-19μm. Anhand der gewonnenen Ergebnisse kann man sagen, dass die CEREC-3D®Kamera für die Erfassung von Einzelzahnrestaurationen sowie gegebenenfalls kleinerer mehrspanniger Restaurationen geeignet ist. Größere Restaurationen hingegen übersteigen den Indikationsbereich des Systems und sollten extraoral über den Umweg einer Abformung digitalisiert werden. Klinische Parameter beeinflussen die Genauigkeit der intraoralen Digitalisierung in einem akzeptablen Maß. Dies wird anhand des Vergleiches der in-vitro mit den in-vivo Daten ersichtlich. Dabei ist die Puderschicht von durchschnittlich 28,6μm (51) bei der intraoralen Digitalisierung zu berücksichtigen.Using CAD/CAM-technology in dentistry is supposed to reduce or eliminate potential sources of error resulting from the manual craftsmanship needed when making dental restorative restorations. For any CAD/CAM-made restoration, a digitalization as precise as possible is basic. In this study, the precision of the digital measurement of teeth was examined in-vitro and invivo. The intraoral CEREC-3D® system was compared with conventional impression taking and model making and subsequent digitalization (Digiscan). A one-stage putty-and-wash impression was taken from a training model. The first upper molar in this model was prepared for a full crown. The resulting gypsum model was extraorally digitized. This master model was digitized with simulated intraoral digitizing and, after taking again an impression and making a gypsum model, with extraoral digitizing. The data was then aligned to the reference CAD-model, and the threedimensional differences were calculated. The clinical trial included ten probands and was approved by the responsible ethical committee. From each proband, a conventional impression as well as an intraoral digitizing was made from the upper jaw. The gypsum model resulting from the impression was digitized extraorally, and the data was aligned to the data-sets of the intraoral digitizing. The threedimensional differences were calculated analogous to the in-vitro analysis. The threedimensional analysis showed mean differences between ±17 and 35 microns for the prepared tooth 16 and its neighboring teeth. Looking at tooth 16 alone, the mean differences were around ±17 microns. Compared to these values, the mean differences calculated for intraoral digitizing of a whole quadrant were considerably higher (±26-81 microns). The smallest mean deviations were found at the center of alignment. The conventional method (impression taking - model making - extraoral digitizing) showed a significantly higher precision (±9-19 microns). The results show that the CEREC-3D®camera is suitable for single tooth and short-span restorations. However, the indication is not given for long-span restorations using the intraoral system. Such restorations should always be made after conventional impression taking, model making and subsequent extraoral digitizing. The precision of the intraoral digitizing is influenced by clinical parameters in an acceptable way as shown by the comparison of invitro and in-vivo data. The powder-layer of average 28.6 microns (51) has to be taken into consideration, when using intraoral digitizing.
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Mattos, Nayara Bernardo de [UNESP]. "Comportamento informacional de profissionais de reabilitação: estudo junto ao CEES da Unesp Marília." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/150883.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
A busca por informações voltadas para a saúde, quer seja a respeito de tratamentos de saúde mais sofisticados, ou em relação a novos medicamentos ou até mesmo sobre novos problemas de saúde despertam o interesse de profissionais, pacientes e seus familiares e gestores. Além de informações necessárias para a condução das terapias, os profissionais podem ser questionados por pais e responsáveis pelos pacientes que podem trazer dúvidas ou convicções errôneas sobre a situação do paciente e, portanto, o profissional deve estar preparado para responder essas questões. A presente pesquisa consiste em um estudo de caso no Centro de Estudados da Educação e da Saúde da UNESP. Buscou-se identificar as o comportamento de busca de informação dos membros da equipe multiprofissional e dos estagiários do Centro de Estudos da Educação e da Saúde (CEES) da UNESP, em suas ações de cuidados do paciente e nas orientações de seus familiares e/ou acompanhantes. A coleta de dados foi realizada através de aplicação de questionário aos estagiários e profissionais que atuam nesta instituição, para a caracterização do comportamento de busca dos sujeitos e entrevista com secretária da instituição para verificação do fluxo do encaminhamento dos pacientes e organização dos atendimentos. Participaram da pesquisa 32 sujeitos, sendo 26 estagiários e seis profissionais. Observou-se que ambos os grupos apresentam um comportamento informacional semelhante. Em relação às necessidades informacionais dos membros da equipe multiprofissional identificou-se a necessidade de orientar pais sobre condutas referentes à doenças e tratamentos. Foram identificadas as seguintes as fontes de informação utilizadas pelos participantes da pesquisa: supervisores de estágio (fonte informal), periódicos e revistas especializadas na área, artigos científicos e bases de dados, por parte dos estagiários e, para os profissionais: periódicos/sites especializados, bases de dados e a internet, de modo geral. Em relação à dificuldade em realizar buscas por informação, observou-se que os estagiários e profissionais não têm dificuldades a ponto de não encontrarem as informações necessárias para responder suas questões. Quanto ao comportamento informacional dos estagiários e dos profissionais, observa-se que as necessidades são as mesmas de modo geral, ambos buscam por informações relacionadas ao cuidado com os pacientes, sobre questões relacionadas a patologias e terapias, as questões clínicas e sobre orientações que devem ser passadas aos pacientes ou a seus responsáveis. Verificou-se, também, que há diferenças em relação ao grau de familiaridade, confiabilidade, facilidade e satisfação dos estagiários e profissionais ao lidar com determinadas fontes.
The present research tried to identify which are the features related to the information search behavior of health multi professional staff and of the trainees from Education and Health Study Center of UNESP, in their care actions of the patient and in their families/ caregivers’ instructions. The search for information related to health, either about more sophisticated health treatments or even about new medications or even so about new health problems interest professionals, patients and their families and managers. Besides the necessary information to the therapies conduction, several times the professionals can be questioned by the parents and responsible for patients who can bring doubts or mistakes about the patients’ situation and therefore the professional might be prepared to answer those questions. The present research consists in a study of a case at the Education and Health Study Center of UNESP. The data collection was carried out though a questionnaire for the trainees and professionals who act out at this institution, interview with secretary to verify the flow of the patients and organization in serving them. 32 subjects participated of the research, being 26 trainees and six professionals. It was observed that both groups present a similar informational behavior. In relation to the informational necessities of the members of the multi professional staff, it was identified the necessity of guiding parents about some kind of conduct referring to some type of sickness or treatment. The following sources of information used by the multi professional staff and the trainees were identified: intership supervisors ( informal source ), papers and specialized magazines in the area, scientific articles and data base , from trainees side. On the other hand, the professionals of the studied staff report to use with more frequency the papers/ specialized websites, data base and the internet, in a general way. In relation to the difficulty in searching for information, it was not observed that the trainees and professionals have difficulties so that they cannot find the necessary information to answer the questions. About the trainees and professionals’ informational behavior, it is noticed that the necessities are the same in a general way, both search for information related to the patients’ care, about questions related to pathologies and therapies, the clinical questions and about recommendations which must be passed for the patients or for their responsible. It was noticed also that there are differences about the degree of relationship, reliability, facility and satisfaction of the trainees and professionals when dealing with some kinds of sources.
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Bobille, Olivier. "Le "commerce interieur allemand" et les politiques communes de la c. E. E." Rennes 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986REN11027.
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Le "commerce interieur allemand" (ou relations commerciales entre les deux etats allemands) est presente dans un cadre plus large : celui de la construction europeenne. Le droit communautaire (ou "droit des communautes europeennes) a pris une place croissante ces dernieres annees, notamment depuis la mise en place des politiques communes. La reglementation du commerce entre les deux etats allemands a du s'adapter sous la pression des faits. De meme, l'inquietude manifestee par certains etats, notamment la france et les pays du benelux, a souleve la question des incidences du "commerce interieur allemand" sur les etats membres de la communaute europeenne. La premiere partie est relative au regime communautaire sui generis generateur de difficulte au niveau communautaire. Ce regime a ete la condition pour que le gouvernement federal allemand signe le traite cee. Un protocole laisse toute latitude au gouvernement federal dans le domaine commercial, ce qui ne sera pas sans entrainer des perturbations sur les economies des etats membres. La deuxieme partie sera consacree au regime communautaire renove annonciateur du statut reserve a la rda. Une conception restrictive du protocole sera developpee par la cour de justice europeenne. Elle mettra fin au debat concernant l'opposabilite du protocole apres la signature du "traite fondamental" entre les deux etats allemands. Le droit communautaire sera progressivement applique a la demande de la commission europeenne dans les relations entre les etats membres (hormis la rfa) et la rda, notamment dans le domaine de la politique commerciale commune. La rda sera desormais consideree, tant par les etats membres (hormis la rfa) que la communaute, comme un pays tiers a part entiere. L'interet du sujet est maintenant renforce par le "nouveau dialogue" engage recemment entre le comecon et la c. E. EThe thesis is analyzing the relations between the two german states and the impact of their relationship on the european community and its member states. The protocole relating to german internal trade, annexed to the treaty establishing the european community, is ruling this matter. This study relative to ihner-german trade and the eec common policies is divided in two parts. The first part is concerning the special status and its consequences at the eec level. This status was the condition for the federal republic to sign the treaty of rome. This treaty requires no change in the preexisting system of trade between the federal republic of germany and the german democratic republic. The federal republic may treat trade with east germany as if it were intrastate. This situation was not without consequences on the european community and the member states, especially france and the benelux contries. Many critics were made. The second part presents the evolution of the special status since the conclusion of the "fondamental treaty" of 1972 between the two german states. The european court of justice gave a restrictive interpretation of the protocol relating to ihner-german trade. However, the other community members trade with east germany as if dealing with a third state. The rules of the european community. Especially those concerning the agricultural and commum commercial policies, are now applied to the relations between east germany and the member states (excluding west germany). The interest of the subject is now renforced by the "new dialogue" engaged between the comecon and the e. E. C
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Aimlon, Nestor. "Aliénation des relations ACP-UE : causes, conséquences et perspectives d'avenir." Paris 8, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA081723.
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Des liens ont ete noues entre les anciennes colonies d'afrique, des caraibes, du pacifique et l'occident. Ils ont ete concus sur la base des relations nord-sud. Ceux-ci ont subsiste apres l'independance sous diverses formes de partenariats parmi lesquels il y a notamment les conventions de lome. A travers quatre differentes versions de cette cooperation, la cge devenue ue a cherche les solutions pour instituer en leur sein des echanges commerciaux bases sur des preferences specifiques en faveur des etats acp et des avantages reciproques. L'instauration d'un nouveau regime commercial pour accelerer l'integration des pays acp dans l'economie mondiale, devrait retenir l'attention de tous. Mais malgre l'effort d'amelioration soutenu, fourni au cours des quatre versions passees, la convention n'a toujours pas produit les effets escomptes. Ni la premiere convention du 28 fevrier 1975, avec l'institution du mecanisme du stabex, ni la deuxieme du 21 octobre 1979 et l'innovation du sysmin, ni la troisieme du 8 decembre 1984, pas plus que la quatrieme du 15 decembre 1989 n'ont fourni une entiere satisfaction aux pma des etats acp dont les points de vue n'ont jamais ete pris en compte au cours des differentes negociations. Encore sous les sequelles de la colonisation et des mefaits de l'esclavage, cribles de dettes, ils se sentent comme reduits a l'impuissance. Il devient urgent de se convaincre qu'une cooperation veritable ne sera possible et acquise a la resolution des problemes qui aneantissent le monde acp que si les acp participent effectivement aux discussions, et si des gens ne decident pas a leur place ! pour aller dans cette voie, un plan marshall a l'occidental en faveur de ceux-ci est indispensable. Sous forme de reparation des prejudices subis, les anciens esclaves, les neocolonises trouveront l'equilibre financier necessaire dans la jungle economique moderne.
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Marks, Lori J. "Meeting CEC and NCATE Teacher Education Standards with Limited Resources." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 1996. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/3567.
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Malcok, Erdogan. "Les Relations politico-économiques de la Turquie avec la CEE." Paris 8, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA080849.
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Depuis l'empire ottoman jusqu'a la republique de turquie, l'ambition politique des dirigeants turcs etait d'elever la turquie au niveau des pays europeens et de faire partie de l'europe. Plusieurs mouvements de reformes nes pendant l'empire ottoman ne purent suffire a la realisation de celle-ci. Cependant, ils permirent la naissance de plusieurs mouvements d'idee a l'interieur desquels celui de mustafa kemal qui reussira de fonder une turquie republicaine. C'est a partir des reformes fondamentales realisees sous la presidence de mustafa kemal que la turquie prendra en effet sa place au sein de l'europe. L'abolition du sultanat et du califat, la fondation de la republique laique, la reconnaissance des droits de la femme furent les principaux changements politiques. A partir de 1947, la turquie deposa sa candidature aux organisations europeennes: oece, conseil de l'europe et la cee. Elle a signe avec cette derniere un accord d'association prevoyant l'adhesion sous certaines conditions. Aujourd'hui elle s'efforce de franchir les obstacles en vue de realiser le reve de toujours: l'integration a l'europe occidentaleFrom ottoman empire to turkish republic, the most important political ambition of the turkish governers have been to raise turkey to the level of europeen countries and make her part of europe. The number of reforms realised during ottoman empire, were not quite adequate for the realisation. However, they permitted to develop differents mouvements through which mustafa kemal succeed to found turkish republic. In fact, turkey will find her place in europe owed to the reforms realised by mustafa kemal. Abolition of caliphate, foundation of secular turkish republic, recognition of some rights to women had been the principal political changes. Since 1947, turkey becomes a canditate for europeen organizations: oecd, europeen council and eec. Turkish gouvernement signed (1963) a special aggreement with this last one which plans the adhesion of turkey under special conditions. Today, she still trics to accomplish an old dream: integration to the western europe
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Correa, Cristian Hans. "Sistema de gestão da inovação da CEEE : proposta de indicadores para avaliação de desempenho." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/156784.
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A inovação deixou de ser exclusividade de algumas empresas e passou a permear grande parte delas. Estas inovações podem ser incrementais, melhorando produtos ou processos, ou radicais, rompendo paradigmas no mercado consumidor. Porém, o ato de inovar requer suporte de muitas ações. Dentre essas ações estão às gerenciais, auxiliando na identificação de evidências que apontam se a empresa está no caminho adequado ou não. Alinhado a esta lógica de melhoria contínua é que são realizadas as inovações no âmbito do Programa de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (P&D) do setor elétrico, regulado pela Agência Nacional de Energia Elétrica (ANEEL). Este Programa foi instituído por lei e, nos seus primórdios, continha aspectos simplesmente regulatórios. Esta situação permitia que, muitas vezes, os projetos executados não agregassem valor significativo para a empresa ou à sociedade, pois não estavam direcionados para solucionar problemas ou carências existentes. Com o passar do tempo, a percepção dos elementos necessários para compor um programa regulatório se alterou, fazendo com que as empresas passassem a perceber que o P&D poderia contribuir para melhoria de seus serviços e produtos Tal mudança de visão desencadeou a necessidade das empresas desenvolverem processos capazes de captar ideias e transformá-las em soluções que estejam alinhadas aos seus interesses estratégicos. Desta forma, o presente trabalho objetiva desenvolver um conjunto de indicadores que, integrados ao Sistema de Gestão da Inovação (SGI) da CEEE, auxiliem à gestão da empresa tanto na fase de análise e seleção de ideias, quanto na fase do gerenciamento do desempenho da operação do sistema. Para concretização deste trabalho foram realizadas entrevistas, análise de documentos da empresa, revisão da literatura, assim como reuniões e testes para a validação do SGI da CEEE. De posse destes dados, estruturou-se um conjunto de critérios para auxiliar o processo de seleção de ideias, bem como um conjunto de indicadores gerenciais do sistema. Como resultados, esses indicadores permitem à empresa a padronização do seu processo de inovação, bem como uma visão sistêmica do processo como um todo. Por fim, tanto os critérios de seleção de ideias quanto os de indicadores gerenciais são detalhados.Innovation is no longer an exclusivity of some companies and began to permeate into most of them, whether through simple incremental innovations, which often improve internal processes, or radical innovations that break paradigms and often entering the consumer market. And in this sense of continuous improvement that innovations are carried out under the scope of the Program for Research and Development, of the electric sector, regulated by the National Electric Energy Agency, established by law. The program in its beginnings contained just regulatory aspects, which resulted in executed projects that did not add significant value to the company or society, because they were not directed to solve existent problems and needs. But with the passage of time this conception of regulatory program changed, companies began to realize that the Program for Research and Development could help to improve its services and products, such a change of vision triggered the need for companies to develop processes capable of capturing ideas and turn them into solutions that are aligned with its strategic interests Thus, this study aims to develop a set of indicators that, integrated into CEEE's Innovation Management System, assist the management of the company both in the analysis phase and selection of ideas, as in the phase of management of the system operation's performance. For this work, which is of applied nature, since it follows from the desire to make more efficient or effective a specific situation, surveys were conducted through interviews, the company's document analysis, literature review, as well as validation meetings and tests. Using these data, it was structured a set of ideas selection criteria, and a set of system management indicators, structured and allocated in the dimensions: Strategy, Profitability, Implantation and Time. The application of these indicators allows the company to standardize its innovation process, as well as a systemic view of the whole process. Finally, both the criteria for selection of ideas as the management indicators are detailed.
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Nganga, Jean-Louis. "La régionalisation des échanges commerciaux interafricains (dans la CEDEAO, le COMESA et la CEEAC)." Paris 10, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA100003.
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Après les indépendances politiques acquises dans les années soixante, les pays africains subsahariens ont pensé à se regrouper, pour le développement économique, dans des communautés régionales. Ces communautés ainsi créées ont pour objectifs la coopération et l'intégration économiques. C'est le cas de la Communauté Economique des Etats de l'Afrique de l'Ouest (CEDEAO), du Marché Commun de l'Afrique de l'Est et Australe (COMESA) et de la Communauté Economique des Etats de l'Afrique Centrale (CEEAC). Si la coopération est décidée dans tous les domaines de l'activité économique, l'intégration a pour but l'ouverture des marchés nationaux et la création des marchés régionaux propices aux échanges commerciaux grâce à une politique de libéralisation desdits échanges. En effet, à l'image de l'union européenne, et pour faciliter, favoriser et développer leurs échanges commerciaux, les Etats membres des trois communautés se sont engagés à supprimer dans leurs relations réciproques les barrières tarifaires et non tarifaires à la libre circulation des marchandises et à mettre en place un tarif extérieur commun dans leurs relations avec les tiers. Ils se sont également engagés à mettre en place une politique de libre circulation des personnes, des capitaux et de tous les autres facteurs de production. Ils se sont engagés enfin à adopter une politique économique, financière et sociale commune. Mais à la différence de l'union européenne, cette politique de régionalisation des échanges commerciaux dans le CEDEAO, le COMESA et la CEEAC connaît des difficultés de mise en œuvre dues à un contexte politique, socio-économique et naturel peu favorable, et au développement des échanges commerciaux informels dans tous les domaines de l'activité économiqueAfter they became independent during the 60's, sub-Saharan countries thought of coming together, politically and economically. The idea was that, African development would only be possible if countries set up regional communities. The main objectives therefore, in regard with these regional communities were to outline and to set up economical cooperation and integration. The very examples that one can observe are : ECOWAS (Economic Community of West African States), COMESA (Common Market of Eastern and Southern Africa) and ECOCAS (Economic Community of Central African States). If cooperation is decided in every field of economical interest, integration in the other hand aims at the opening of national markets, favourable with commercial exchanges due to a market liberalization policy. As a matter of fact, in reference with the European Union and, to facilitate, to favour, and to develop commercial exchanges, members states of respective three communities have engaged to eliminate within their internal regions, tariff and non tariff barriers, and therefore, freeing circulation of merchandise goods, and, putting into place a common external tariff. In addition, member states also engaged to put into place, a policy of free circulation of people, capitals and all other production factors. However, unlike the European Union, the policy of regionalization of commercial exchanges failed to be implemented. The very reason is the political, economical and social context which is less favourable. Without forgetting the fast development of informal commercial exchanges
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Zabaglia, Francesco. "Trading internazionale di energia elettrica: Valutazione di nuove opportunita nell'area CEE." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2014. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/7736/.
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Valutazione dell’opportunità di fare trading elettrico nell’area CEE. Progetto di analisi di mercato, per l’azienda “C.U.Ra”, operatore del mercato elettrico, sull’opportunità di fare business energetico in Polonia e paesi CEE.
Attività sviluppate:
•Benchmarking dei mercati evoluti dell’energia
•Analisi del mercato elettrico italiano
•Analisi dell’attività di trading elettrico: Profit & Loss, Risk Management.
•Analisi di Fattibilità
•Analisi di sensibilità (What-if): variazione parametrica dell’opportunità
• Avviamento del business e partnership con società di consulting polacca
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Laffont, del Cardayre Catherine. "La politique commerciale de la CEE vis-à-vis du Japon." Aix-Marseille 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991AIX32006.
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Face au desequilibre croissant des echanges commerciaux entre la c. E. E. Et le japon, la c. E. E. A tente de retablir sa comptetence exclusive en matiere de politique commerciale pour normaliser les relations c. E. E. - japon. Dans la poursuite de cet objectif, la c. E. E. S'est heurtee aux politiques divergentes des etats membres et aux difficultes a provoquer l'ouverture du marche japonais. La communaute n'a pu limiter la multiplication des mesures nationales de protection prises par les etats membres qu'en adoptant elle-meme une strategie defensive de protection sectorielle du marche communautaire. Cette strategie defensive represente la dimension "protectionniste" de la politique commerciale, par opposition a la dimension "liberale" tendant a l'ouverture du marche japonais, et risque d'etre renforcee dans la perspective du marche unique europeen de 1992In front of the growing imbalance in the trade exchanges between e. E. C. And japan, the e. E. C. Tried to restore its exclusive competence in the field of commercial policy, to normalize the japan - e. E. C. Relations. To achieve this aim, the e. E. C. Came up against divergent policies of the member states and difficulties to cause the opening of japanese market. The community couldn't limit the multiplication of national protecting actions taken by the multiplication of national protecting actions taken by the member states, without carrying itself a defensive strategy to offer a sectorial protection for the community market. This defensive strategy represente the "protectionist" dimension of the commercial policy, as opposed to the "liberal" dimension leading to the opening of the japanese market, and may be strengthened in view ef the 1992 single european market
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Castillo, Maria. "L'harmonisation du contrôle prudentiel des établissements de crédit dans la CEE." Paris 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA010253.
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La création d'un marche bancaire européen implique la mise en œuvre d'un contrôle prudentiel harmonise dans la communauté. La constitution d'un tel contrôle s'est heurtée à divers obstacles. Premièrement, ceux dus à l'existence de législations nationales divergentes, notamment en matière de secret bancaire. Deuxièmement, ceux résultant de l'absence de coopération entre les divers états membres. Les travaux d'harmonisation de la commission se sont fondés sur certains principes : la reconnaissance mutuelle, des législations nationales, l'harmonisation minimale et le contrôle par le pays d'origine. Certains points ont néanmoins fait l'objet d'une harmonisation renforcée. Les difficultés rencontrées et la mise en œuvre progressive du contrôle prudentiel donnent lieu à un examen détailléBuilding up the european market implies the creation of an harmonized prudential supervision. The creation of this supervision be impeded by several obstacles first, the existence of differences in national legislations, especially as regard banking sevrecy. Second, the absence of cooperation between the member states. The commission's work on harmonisation be founded on particular principles : mutual recognition of national legislations, minimal harmonisation and home country control. Nevertheless some points must be submitted to a strengthened harmonisation. The difficulties meeting and the progressive creation of a prudential supervision are submitted to a carreful examination
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Fabry, Nathalie H. "Les investissements directs manufacturiers japonais : évolution, déterminants, application à la CEE." Paris 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA010001.
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Les implantations productives japonaises dans la CEE reflètent la prospérité et l'efficacité de la spécialisation du Japon. Cette présence, malgré sa faiblesse en termes d'unités et de capitaux, revêt une réelle importance et signification économique et amène à comprendre les déterminants de ces délocalisations. Selon l'analyse synthétique, les pays possèdent un avantage comparatif et les firmes un avantage spécifique. Dès que les deux avantages sont en situation de discordance, l'investissement direct devient un élément avec lequel les firmes doivent compter. L'étude des implantations nipponnes dans la CEE a montré qu'une firme peut être amenée à se délocaliser en situation de concordance. Nous avons alors admis la possibilité de deux types de discordance : discordance endogène et exogène, sur la base de l'origine de la discordance (protectionnisme ou non) et des modalités de reconcordance des firmes dans la CEE (intégration au tissu industriel européen). Les délocalisations provoquées par une discordance endogène se désolidarisent du Japon parce que les conditions de croissance sont meilleures à l'étranger (facteurs de production, inputs, demande. . . ). Les délocalisations sont spontanées. Bonnes "citoyennes", les firmes recherchent des effets de synergie avec leur nouvel espace de production, font peu parler d'elles et ont été les premières à venir s'installer dans la CEE. Les délocalisations provoquées par une discordance exogène sont contraintes par le protectionnisme européen les firmes veulent préserver leurs parts de marché acquises préalablement par le biais des exportations alors que le Japon reste le lieu le plus efficient pour leur production. Ces firmes ne vont pas chercher à s'intégrer profondément dans le tissu productif de la CEE.