Journal articles: 'CEEC'

1

Andreff, M., and W. Andreff. "OUTWARD-PROCESSING TRADE BETWEEN FRANCE AND CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES." Acta Oeconomica 51, no. 1 (February 1, 2001): 65–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/aoecon.51.2000-2001.1.4.

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France outward-processing trade (OPT) with the Central and Eastern European countries (CEECs) and Maghreb developed with a high momentum from 1993 to 1997, higher in the former than in the latter area. A crowding out effect of France OPT with Maghreb by France OPT with the CEECs is evident. A substitution relationship between French foreign direct investment (FDI) and OPT is statistically tested, and detrimental to OPT in the case of the CEECs. In Maghreb, French FDI is crowded out by the development of France OPT. The substitution of French FDI to OPT in the CEECs is explained by a number of factors like the abolition of tax privileges for OPT in the EU-CEEC relations, a market-seeking FDI, a non significant impact of labour costs on both FDI and OPT, a determinant role of institutional reforms and lower country-risk in attracting FDI instead of OPT.

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Tianping, Kong. "16+1 cooperation framework: Genesis, characteristics and prospect." Medjunarodni problemi 67, no. 2-3 (2015): 167–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/medjp1503167t.

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The relations between China and Central and Eastern European countries (CEEC) have experienced different phases in the last 25 years. China?s new strategy toward CEE emerged in the last three years. It can be called the regional approach. The so-called regional approach to deal with Central and Eastern European countries can be regarded as a breakthrough in China?s policy towards Central and Eastern European countries. 16+1 cooperation framework has taken shape in the last three years. As China rediscovered different CEEC, CEEC rediscovered different China, common interests have drawn China and CEEC closer. The 16+1 cooperation framework is quite special, neither group nor international organization can encapsulate its characteristics. Equal partnership, loose institutionalization, comprehensive cooperation, multi-functional arrangement and well-planned framework are main characteristics. The 16+1 cooperation framework is a real novelty in international relations. The emergence of 16+1 framework arises from both common political will to cooperation and mutual demand for closer economic links. The 16+1 framework has to face several challenges.

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Bojnec, Š., and I. Fertő. " Agro-food exports variety from the Central and Eastern European countries." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 58, No. 1 (January 17, 2012): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/187/2010-agricecon.

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This paper analyses the agro-food exports variety from twelve Central and Eastern European countries (CEECs) to the European Union (EU) during the years 1995–2007. The panel regression models explain the agro-food exports by its previous year, income in the importing EU countries, and measure of agro-food export product variety, while the real exchange rate appreciation of the CEEC currencies has negatively influenced agro-food exports. The EU enlargement with the reduction in agricultural protection and the borderless single market has induced agro-food export increases in primary agricultural produce and intermediate food-processed products, but less in higher value-added food-processed differentiated products. The impact of increased number of CEECs agro-food product varieties on agro-food export to the EU is positive.  

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4

Borker, David R. "Accounting, Culture And Emerging Economies: IFRS In Central And Eastern Europe." International Business & Economics Research Journal (IBER) 11, no. 9 (August 17, 2012): 1003. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/iber.v11i9.7184.

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The work of Geert Hofstede and S.J. Gray has provided a framework for many studies of the potential impact of cultural values on accounting in various countries. This paper provides a comparative analysis of accounting perspectives in Central and Eastern European countries (CEEC). The CEEC are former communist states in Europe which became independent countries after the collapse of the Iron Curtain. Twelve CEEC were selected for study: Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia and Slovenia. Each is examined for Hofstedes six cultural dimensions and a corresponding accounting profile is derived based on Grays accounting values. Profiles for each country are compared to an independent IFRS favorable profile proposed by the author as part of a broader analysis of cultural patterns, among other factors, for successful IFRS implementation.

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5

Brusis, Martin. "Residuales oder europäisches Wohlfahrtsmodell?" PROKLA. Zeitschrift für kritische Sozialwissenschaft 29, no. 114 (March 1, 1999): 73–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.32387/prokla.v29i114.823.

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The study discusses welfare reforms in the Central and Eastern European Countries (CEEC) in relation with the adaptation processes of Western European welfare states on the one hand, the accession preparations of the CEEC on the other. Policy approaches and outcomes are scrutinized for labour market policy, health care, pension systems and family policy in the Czech and Slovak Republics, Hungary and Poland. The study argues that the institutional reforms currently undertaken in Central and Eastern Europe will decide on the future - European or residual - nature of the welfare states in the region. Due to the pre-accession constellation the EU is in a position to influence the path of development and there are good reasons for the EU to promote a European welfare model in the CEEC. However, the European Commission has neither formulated such a model nor contributed to its implementation during the accession preparations.

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Gorton, Matthew, and Sophia Davidova. "The International Competitiveness of CEEC Agriculture." World Economy 24, no. 2 (February 2001): 185–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9701.00351.

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Bridgford, Jeff, Michal Košt'al, Dušan Martinek, Yuliya Simeonova, and Janusz Zabiega. "Trade union education in Central and Eastern Europe." Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research 6, no. 3 (August 2000): 486–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/102425890000600311.

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The changes in Central and Eastern Europe that were set in motion at the end of the 1980s threw up a variety of challenges for trade union organisations and placed new demands on their officers and representatives, which in turn produced a range of new training needs. This article intends to start a process - gaining a better understanding of trade union education provision in Central and Eastern Europe. Evidence from four case studies - KNSB (Bulgaria), ČMKOS (Czech Republic), KOZ SR (Slovak Republic) and NSZZ Solidarność (Poland)- shows that trade union organisations have continued to consider education as an integral part of their development strategy, and have established structures for the aggregation of training needs and for the delivery of training within their organisations. In the absence of systematic funding from the state or of agreements with employers' organisations, trade unions carry the financial burden themselves, on occasions with support from western trade union organisations and European or international organisations. The pattern of trade union education provision is generally structured so as to ensure a 'stepped' pathway for the learner, and emphasis is placed, unsurprisingly, on capacity-building. The twin-track approach undertaken by ETUCO provides a response to certain specific needs articulated by CEEC trade unions and also enables a limited number of CEEC trade union officers and representatives to participate in pan-European trade union education activities. However further resources will be needed to increase the number of training activities to the level required to respond adequately to the training needs of ETUC-affiliated organisations in the CEECs.

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Hoang, Tuan-Viet, Pouya Ifaei, Kijeon Nam, Jouan Rashidi, Soonho Hwangbo, Jong-Min Oh, and ChangKyoo Yoo. "Optimal Management of a Hybrid Renewable Energy System Coupled with a Membrane Bioreactor Using Enviro-Economic and Power Pinch Analyses for Sustainable Climate Change Adaption." Sustainability 11, no. 1 (December 22, 2018): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11010066.

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This study proposed an optimal hybrid renewable energy system (HRES) to sustainably meet the dynamic electricity demand of a membrane bioreactor. The model-based HRES consists of solar photovoltaic panels, wind turbines, and battery banks with grid connectivity. Three scenarios, 101 sub-scenarios, and three management cases were defined to optimally design the system using a novel dual-scale optimization approach. At the system scale, the power-pinch analysis was applied to minimize both the size of components and the outsourced needed electricity (NE) from Vietnam’s electrical grid. At a local-scale, economic and environmental models were integrated, and the system was graphically optimized using a novel objective function, combined enviro-economic costs (CEECs). The results showed that the optimal CEECs were $850,710/year, $1,030,628/year, and $1,693,476/year for the management cases under good, moderate, and unhealthy air qualities, respectively. The smallest CEEC was obtained when 47% of the demand load of the membrane bioreactor was met using the HRES and the rest was supplied by the grid, resulting in 6,800,769 kg/year of CO2 emissions.

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Wu, Ren-Guei, Chung-Shi Yang, Ching-Chang Cheing, and Fan-Gang Tseng. "Nanocapillary electrophoretic electrochemical chip: towards analysis of biochemicals released by single cells." Interface Focus 1, no. 5 (July 14, 2011): 744–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsfs.2011.0049.

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A novel nanocapillary electrophoretic electrochemical (Nano-CEEC) chip has been developed to demonstrate the possibility of zeptomole-level detection of neurotransmitters released from single living cells. The chip integrates three subunits to collect and concentrate scarce neurotransmitters released from single PC-12 cells, including a pair of targeting electrodes for single cells captured by controlling the surface charge density; a dual-asymmetry electrokinetic flow device for sample collection, pre-concentration and separation in a nanochannel; and an online electrochemical detector for zeptomole-level sample detection. This Nano-CEEC chip integrates a polydimethylsiloxane microchannel for cell sampling and biomolecule separation and a silicon dioxide nanochannel for sample pre-concentration and amperometric detection. The cell-capture voltage ranges from 0.1 to 1.5 V with a frequency of 1–10 kHz for PC-12 cells, and the single cell-capture efficiency is optimized by varying the duration of the applied field. All of the processes, from cell sampling to neurotransmitter detection, can be completed within 15 min. Catecholamines, including dopamine and norepinephrine (noradrenaline) released from coupled single cells, have been successfully detected using the Nano-CEEC chip. A detection limit of 30–75 zeptomoles was achieved, which is close to the levels released by a single neuron in vitro .

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10

Unwin, Patrick R., and Richard G. Compton. "Reduction of maleate dianion at a mercury electrode in aqueous solution. A CEEC or CECE mechanism?" Journal of the Chemical Society, Faraday Transactions 86, no. 4 (1990): 657. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/ft9908600657.

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11

Godlewska, Małgorzata, and Tomasz Pilewicz. "The Impact of Interplay Between Formal and Informal Institutions on Corporate Governance Systems: a Comparative Study of CEECs." Comparative Economic Research. Central and Eastern Europe 21, no. 4 (December 10, 2018): 85–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cer-2018-0028.

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The central point of this paper is to present the results of comparative case study research concerning the impact of the interplay between formal and informal institutions in the corporate governance systems (CGS) of Central and Eastern European Countries (CEEC). Particular focus was put on the values of the corporate governance codes (CGC) of CEECs, as well as on transparent ownership structures, transactions with related parties, the protection of minority shareholders, independent members of supervisory boards, and separation between the CEO position and the chairman of the board of directors. The main subject of interest concerns two research areas: the character of the relationship between formal and informal institutions, as well as whether the interplay between them is relevant to the CGSs of CEECs. Moreover, the author investigates whether the CGCs of CEECs consist of regulations that are compatible with the values set up in preambles using research methods such as individual case study or deductive reasoning. The conclusion presented in the paper was drawn on the basis of a review of the literature and research on national and European corporate governance regulations, as well as the CGC of CEECs. The primary contribution this article makes is to advance the stream of research beyond any single country setting, and to link the literature on the interplay between formal and informal institutions related to CGSs in a broad range of economies in transition (‘catch up’ countries) like CEECs. This paper provides an understanding of how the interplay between formal and informal institutions may influence the CGCs of CEECs.

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12

ERJAVEC, EMIL, TREVOR DONNELLAN, and STANE KAVCIC. "Outlook for CEEC Agricultural Markets After EU Accession." Eastern European Economics 44, no. 1 (February 2006): 83–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.2753/eee0012-8755440104.

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13

Hajderllari, Luljeta. "Social networks of Danish farmer investors in CEEC." International Journal of Social Economics 42, no. 12 (December 7, 2015): 1196–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijse-11-2013-0266.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate “embeddedness” of business relationships within social relationships of Danish farmer investors (DFI) concerning agricultural investment and expansion abroad. Design/methodology/approach – Based on a survey of 61 DFIs operating abroad, information is elicited regarding their organisational network connections in terms of business and social relationships to other DFIs also operating abroad. Findings – Results indicate that cooperation and received and given advice are positively related to social ties, whereas competition is negatively related, thereby supporting the idea that business relationships are embedded in social relationships. This implies that actors may behave less cooperatively in new institutions where they compete for scarce resources. Originality/value – This paper assesses what happens when farmers change from the stable Danish environment to a foreign one. Will they be still cooperating with each other or they will adjust to the new institutions?

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14

Wagner, Martin, and Jaroslava Hlouskova. "CEEC growth projections: Certainly necessary and necessarily uncertain*." Economics of Transition 13, no. 2 (April 2005): 341–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0351.2005.00215.x.

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15

Büttner, David, and Bernd Hayo. "News and correlations of CEEC-3 financial markets." Economic Modelling 27, no. 5 (September 2010): 915–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.econmod.2010.05.014.

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16

Njegić, Jovan, Dejan Živkov, and Jelena Damnjanović. "Business cycles synchronisation between the EU-15 and selected Eastern European Countries – The wavelet coherence approach." Acta Oeconomica 67, no. 4 (December 2017): 539–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/032.2017.67.4.3.

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This paper strives to investigate the level of business cycles synchronisation between 8 Central and Eastern European Countries (CEEC) and the EU-15. We use wavelet coherence and phase difference methodology as a very suitable tool that observes simultaneously the strength of business cycles’ co-movement in the aspect of time as well as in the aspect of frequency. The results indicate that the business cycles of CEECs are generally synchronised with the EU-15 business cycles, whereas distinct differences existed before, during, and after the financial crisis (2008–2009) and during the European sovereign debt crisis (2010–2011). In other words, we demonstrate that very strong business cycles synchronisation occurred in almost all CEECs during crisis periods and at higher wavelet scales, while only moderate synchronisation is recorded in relatively tranquil periods at higher frequencies. The results suggest that smaller CEECs, but also larger countries such as the Czech Republic, Hungary, and to some extent Slovakia as well have a higher level of business cycles synchronisation with the EU-15, particularly in the crisis period at short-run as well as at long-run fluctuations. However, we do not find strong business cycles co-movement in cases of Poland and Latvia via HP and BP filters at higher frequencies during the crisis, which might indicate a higher resistance of these countries to external systemic shocks.

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17

Zuokui, Liu. "The role of Central and Eastern Europe in the building of silk road economic belt." Medjunarodni problemi 67, no. 2-3 (2015): 184–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/medjp1503184z.

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The author analyses how the unique market potential and geographic advantages of the Central and Eastern European countries (CEEC), the built and to be built projects, and diversified cooperation mechanisms between China and CEE laid the realistic foundation for the building of the Silk Road Economic Belt. China may have the following three choices to build the Silk Road Economic Belt: Model of "Development in Stages", Model of "Corridor Development" and Model of "Equal Development Between the East and the West". The three choices will have heavy influences on the functions and ways that the CEECs could play their roles. China faces with a series of challenges both domestic and international. In conclusion, the author suggests that the principle of tackling easy issues first and seeking gradual improvement should be pursued. While stepping up its strategic layout for a transportation corridor, Chinese Government should fully respect the law of the market, stress the leading role of enterprises and allow key projects to be the driving force, etc.

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18

Jones, Jonathan, Ilona Serwicka, and Colin Wren. "Motives for foreign direct investment location in Europe and EU enlargement." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 52, no. 8 (April 7, 2020): 1681–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0308518x20916503.

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European Union (EU) enlargement of the mid-2000s is likely to have changed the motives for foreign direct investment (FDI) location between the existing Member States (the EU15) and the new entrants of Central and Eastern Europe (CEECs), but it is poorly understood. This paper uses the framework of Dunning’s eclectic paradigm and data for 35,105 foreign investments in Europe not only to examine if the motives differ between these, but also how they are affected by the enlargement. Three asset-exploiting motives of market, resource and efficiency seeking are explored using a conditional logit model for the location choice. This is separately for greenfield and brownfield FDI, involving new facilities or jobs, where the latter is efficiency seeking from an expansion or a co-location of functions. The paper finds greenfield FDI in the CEECs seeks an export platform for the EU market and a low-skilled workforce but a national market and higher skills in the EU15. Brownfield FDI differs from this for expansions only, for which the EU market is important, reflecting scale economies. Surprisingly, EU enlargement has a much stronger effect on the FDI location motives in the EU15 by increasing the importance of the European market, which is possibly because the CEEC liberalisation was ongoing throughout the accession process. The paper finds evidence that the differences in the motives between the CEECs and EU15 are narrowing over time, but they are pronounced, and it is argued that they will persist.

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Kranjac, David, Krunoslav Zmaic, Ivo Grgic, Petra Salamon, and Emil Erjavec. "Accession impact and outlook for Croatian and EU crop and livestock markets." Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research 18, no. 1 (April 22, 2020): e0103. http://dx.doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2020181-14669.

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Aim of study: To investigate the impact of Croatia’s accession to the EU on its agricultural sector, its market outlook and the EU’s key agricultural products up to 2030.Area of study: Croatia and European Union member statesMaterial and methods: Comparative approach was used in order to identify similarities of the changes that took place when other Central and Eastern European Countries (CEEC) acceded to the EU (results of previously conducted research) with the changes that happened in Croatia (historical data between 2010 and 2016). The second approach involved the AGMEMOD partial equilibrium model, which has been used as a comprehensive tool to model the complex outlook of Croatian agricultural markets. The results of the Croatian outlook were compared to the EU’s AGMEMOD outlook results in order to identify future trends in key agricultural market development (production, yield and net trade) and whether these newly established trends were comparable with EU trends.Main results: The changes that took place in the Croatian agricultural sector during and after the EU accession period are not significantly different from the trends and changes observed in other Central and Eastern EU member states. Similarities can especially be found in neighbouring CEEC countries (Hungary and Slovenia), which kept their producer prices close to EU levels prior to accession. Furthermore, the results indicate a similarity with CEEC trends in terms of the strengthening of crop production compared to livestock.Research highlights: Positive effects of EU integration on the Croatian agricultural sector took place after a few years of adjustment. Simulations of future market developments indicate many similarities between Croatia and EU 13 member states.

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20

Rault, Christophe, Robert Sova, and Ana Maria Sova. "Modelling international trade flows between CEEC and OECD countries." Applied Economics Letters 16, no. 15 (October 2009): 1547–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13504850701564330.

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21

van Lin, Jan. "EVANGELIZATION IN EUROPE Critical appraisal of a CEEC-symposium." Exchange 25, no. 1 (1996): 43–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157254396x00044.

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22

Zhang, Liqun, Martin Grešš, and Katarina Brocková. "Current and Potential Chinese Foreign Direct Investment in the Slovak Republic." Baltic Journal of European Studies 7, no. 1 (June 27, 2017): 85–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bjes-2017-0006.

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Abstract This article presents an overview of current and potential investment from China into the Slovak Republic within the broader CEEC region cooperation based on the 16+1 platform. Based on a business study on the automotive industry in the CEEC region, and particularly Slovakia as one of the industrial sectors for possible Chinese investment with immense potential, the article aims to identify the main advantages and disadvantages of the region as a foreign direct investment destination. The article also analyses the impact of FDI inflows on the Slovak economy. We come to the conclusion that the recent FDI inflow from China to Slovakia has been statistically insignificant, which may, however, change in case the envisaged Chinese investment into the steel industry in Slovakia will be realised. With respect thereto, the article also points at the need to set out a new revised framework for the international legal protection of Chinese investment in the EU. It has been established that further research is required to assess the impact of Chinese FDI on the Slovak economy.

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Šteinbuka, Inna, Tatyana Muravska, and Andris Kuznieks. "Cooperation Formats of China and Europe: Synergies and Divergences." Baltic Journal of European Studies 7, no. 1 (June 27, 2017): 98–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bjes-2017-0007.

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Abstract This contribution articulates the synergies and divergences of the various formats of cooperation between China and the European countries. The EU and China have a strong interest in each other’s flagship initiatives, namely the Investment Plan for Europe, and the One Belt, One Road Initiative (Silk Road Economic Belt and 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road). The authors argue that there are certain synergies between these initiatives. Furthermore, the new initiative EU-China Connectivity Platform is aimed to explore these synergies. The authors explore the recent developments in the EU-China investments, trade cooperation and the challenges of the ever-growing CEEC-China partnership in different formats, including the new platform of 16+1. The authors examine these implications in relation to the need to expand and adapt the content and approach of the EU-China Bilateral Investment agreement. The article concludes that the CEEC-China relation does not go against the EU; moreover, neither the CEE countries nor China have any motivation to try to weaken the EU.

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Rutkowski, Aleksander. "Inward FDI skilled labour, and product differentiation in the CEEC." Journal of East European Management Studies 11, no. 2 (2006): 91–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/0949-6181-2006-2-91.

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Stoy, Christian, and Martin Wright. "The CEEC Code for Cost Planning: Introduction and Practical Application." Journal of Cost Analysis & Management 9, no. 1 (November 2007): 37–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15411656.2007.10462262.

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SORG, Mart, and Juri SEPP. "FOREIGN INVESTORS STRATEGIES IN CEEC ARE IMPROVING: ESTONLA S CASE." Journal of Global Strategic Management 2, no. 1 (October 15, 2007): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.20460/jgsm.2007118697.

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Rozeik, Andrew. "The growth and global integration of the CEEC automotive industry." Innovation and Development 2, no. 1 (April 2012): 193. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/2157930x.2012.663586.

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Yang, Lu, and Shigeyuki Hamori. "Dependence structure between CEEC-3 and German government securities markets." Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money 29 (March 2014): 109–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.intfin.2013.12.003.

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Ferreira Lopes, Alexandra, and Tiago Neves Sequeira. "The dynamics of the trade balance and the terms of trade in Central and Eastern European countries." Acta Oeconomica 64, no. 1 (March 1, 2014): 51–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/aoecon.64.2014.1.3.

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In this work, we assess the existence of an S-Curve pattern in 10 Central and Eastern European countries (CEEC-10) for the relation between the trade balance and the terms of trade. Empirical results support the existence of this curve for Slovenia and Hungary. In the case of Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, and Slovakia the pattern is weaker, but it still prevails, as is the case for an aggregate of the 10 transition countries. We then document this property of business cycles in the dynamic general equilibrium trade model of Backus et al. (1994), calibrated specifically to match the CEEC-10 aggregate economy. Results support the existence of an S-Curve, except when technology shocks are absent and domestic and imported goods are perfect substitutes. Since technological shocks are determinant in explaining the S-Curve pattern and transition countries seem to be experiencing some type of technological shocks, it is not likely that this pattern will fade away in the near future and hence it is important for economic policy to be aware of this phenomenon and its consequences for these countries in terms of real convergence and the timing of euro adoption.

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Dimitrijevic, Dusko, and Nikola Jokanovic. "CEEC’s-China mechanism of cooperation and the belt and road initiative: From idea to institutionalisation - six years later." Medjunarodni problemi 72, no. 2 (2020): 311–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/medjp2002311d.

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The paper analyzes the process of institutionalization of intergovernmental cooperation and coordination of state policies through the mechanism of cooperation between the countries of Central and Eastern Europe (CEEC) and China, known in the public as ?16 + 1? (i.e., ?17 + 1? starting in 2019). Through an eclectic picture of the development of contemporary international relations, the authors indicate in a methodologically accessible manner that this mechanism of cooperation is a significant impetus for the development of international relations. Since China has taken a dominant role in redefining the Global Management System, whose goals are balanced and sustainable international development, to achieve them, China has identified certain ideological frameworks that are present in its foreign policy through the Belt and Road Initiative. Through this Initiative, China seeks to achieve the broader goals of the New Silk Road development strategy, which not only determines the directions of China?s internal development, but provides guidance for its strategic cooperation with neighbouring countries as well as with countries on other continents. Consequently, the mechanism itself thus plays an important role in strengthening China?s foreign policy position, not only with respect to CEEC, but also with respect to other European countries, including the EU as a whole.

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Zamparutti, Tony, and Brendan Gillespie. "Environment in the Transition towards Market Economies: An Overview of Trends in Central and Eastern Europe and the New Independent States of the Former Soviet Union." Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design 27, no. 3 (June 2000): 331–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/b2658.

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The 1993 Environmental Action Programme for Central and Eastern Europe presented a series of recommendations for integrating environmental objectives into the process of economic and democratic reform in Central and Eastern European countries (CEEC) and the New Independent States of the former Soviet Union (NIS). In this paper, on the basis of findings of a recent OECD study, we look at progress across the region in light of these recommendations. In several CEEC, there has been a synergy among economic reforms, democratic development, and environmental improvement. These countries have seen important improvements in environmental conditions but now face a variety of challenges, many tied to the process of accession to the EU and the need to deepen integration between environment and sectoral policies, such as those for agriculture and transport. In other countries, and in particular many NIS, pollution reductions have mainly resulted from declines in economic production. Many of these countries face ongoing crisis in terms of establishing economic reform, stable societies, and environmental protection. In several areas of the former Soviet Union, environmental problems—in particular poor access to safe drinking water—pose serious threats to human health. Addressing these problems presents a difficult challenge both for national governments and for international cooperation agencies.

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GALEGO, AURORA, CARLOS VIEIRA, and ISABEL VIEIRA. "The CEEC as FDI Attractors: A Menace to the EU Periphery?" Emerging Markets Finance and Trade 40, no. 5 (September 2004): 74–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1540496x.2004.11052585.

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Horbach, Nathalie L. J. T. "Assistance Programmes of the International Atomic Energy Agency to CEEC/NIS." Journal of Energy & Natural Resources Law 17, no. 3 (August 1999): 211–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02646811.1999.11433170.

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Kornecki, Lucyna. "Economic Stability and FDI in CEEC: Current FDI Trends in Poland." International Advances in Economic Research 16, no. 1 (November 24, 2009): 128–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11294-009-9237-4.

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Kastrati, MA Bilbil. "Similarities and Differences between NATO and the EU Enlargement." ILIRIA International Review 4, no. 2 (December 31, 2014): 205. http://dx.doi.org/10.21113/iir.v4i2.45.

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After the end of the Cold War the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and the European Union (EU) enlargement were two main political processes in the European continent. Both organizations since their inception, promoted the idea of integrated Europe without borders, which meant creating a Europe without divisions and bringing back all Central Eastern European (CEE) countries into the European family where they belong. However, after half a century of isolation in the totalitarian communist system the CEE countries (CEEC) had to undertake fundamental institutional, political, economic, military and other reforms in order to join NATO and the EU. In order to ease the process of accession, both organizations set certain criteria for membership for the CEECs. While NATO’s requirements for membership were more general and flexible, the EU’s requirements, on the other hand, were non-negotiable and closely enforced.Therefore, this article will explore NATO’s and the EU’s enlargement process eastwards, its similarities and differences. In addition, it will analyse the difficulties and challenges with special focus on Russia’s opposition to this process.The author will identify the similarities and differences between NATO and the EU’s enlargement and will argue that the eastern enlargement marked the final end to the Cold War antagonism and it created conducive preconditions for more secure and prosperous Europe.

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Šašić Šilović, Daša. "EU accession - chance for gender equality in CEE countries." Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research 6, no. 3 (August 2000): 468–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/102425890000600310.

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Does accession to the European Union offer a chance to promote equality between men and women in societies in transition? What challenges does this process raise and how are they to be addressed? What is the role of trade unions and other social actors? The article attempts to open up a debate on these issues and to provide a positive matrix for influencing the empowerment of women and gender equality in the course of the accession procedure. Gender inequalities, it is pointed out, are not specific to applicant countries, but exist in most EU Member States. This offers an opportunity to initiate political, economic and social measures relating to gender equality throughout Europe, and to create an environment conducive to sustainable human development. Unfortunately, cases of positive social action are rare and gender issues are taken for granted, rendered invisible by neutral legislation and partial measures, and marginalised. The activities of trade unions in CEECs provide examples of such problems. Therefore, political action, the sharing of information, knowledge and lessons learned, as well as concerted action between trade unions from EU Member States and those in CEEC have the potential to radically change the map of gender inequalities to the benefit of all.

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Zuokui, Liu. "China-CEEC Cooperation: China’s Building of a New Type of International Relations." Croatian International Relations Review 23, no. 78 (August 1, 2017): 19–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cirr-2017-0005.

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Abstract The article analyzes how the 16+1 Cooperation promotes the Chinese new type of international relations from four perspectives: firstly, the “16+1 Cooperation” insists on not rejecting third parties and promotes the idea of open and inclusive international cooperation; Secondly, the cooperation framework adheres to the principle of mutually-beneficial and win-win cooperation, and proposes to wisely handle differences and divergences; Thirdly, this framework never engages in zero-sum games, instead, it fully respects and closely watches the core interests and major concerns of the relevant parties; Fourthly, it is committed to creating a cooperative platform through consultation, to meet the interests of all. The article also makes an analysis of the challenges facing 16+1 Cooperation and gives some suggestions.

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Ternaux, Patrick, and Desislava Kolarova. "Delocalisation and ICT Outsourcing in the CEEC Countries: The Role of Proximities." Service Industries Journal 27, no. 3 (April 2007): 279–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02642060701207122.

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Jacek, Strojny, and Piecuch Jakub. "The land use structure of agricultural holdings in the Central and East European Countries and its evolution." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 63, No. 1 (January 17, 2017): 13–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/237/2015-agricecon.

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The taxonomy of agricultural holdings’ land use structure of the CEEC countries that are the EU members aims to investigate the diversity of this phenomenon and its evolution in 2005–2010. In order to establish homogenous clusters of land use, a structural taxonomy technique called the vectors elimination method was employed. The research outcome was the split of the entire data set into 5 subgroups characterizing more homogenous land use structures. Migrations of countries between the taxonomic subgroups over time were determined by the character of the transformation of the land use structure.

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Rippin, Holly L., Jayne Hutchinson, Jo Jewell, Joao J. Breda, and Janet E. Cade. "Assessing diet in European populations using national dietary surveys." Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 79, no. 4 (January 23, 2020): 531–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0029665119001174.

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The WHO encourages countries to conduct national dietary surveys (NDS) to inform preventative policies targeting malnutrition and noncommunicable diseases. Previous reviews have found inadequate nutrient intakes and survey provision across Europe. This research is the first to provide an updated review of NDS provision within the whole WHO European Region, across the lifecourse, with reference to disadvantaged groups, obesity and nutrients of concern. Over a third of WHO European countries, mainly Central and Eastern European countries (CEEC), had no identifiable NDS. Where countries reported nutrient intakes, poor WHO recommended nutrient intake attainment was Europe-wide across the lifecourse, particularly in CEEC. Lower educated individuals had poorer diet quality. However, heterogeneity in age group sampled, dietary assessment method, nutrient composition database and under-reporting hindered inter-country comparisons. Average population trans fatty acid intakes below WHO recommended limits may hide inequalities in disadvantaged groups; legislative bans may help alleviate this. There were few associations between NDS-derived consumed food portion size (FPS) and BMI. However, consumed FPS was greater than on-pack serving-size in the majority of foods studied. This review illustrates how NDS can generate information on diet, nutrient intakes and the food environment. However, to enable valid inter-country comparisons, countries should be encouraged to conduct and report harmonised NDS, particularly in the age groups sampled, dietary assessment methodology, nutrient range, underpinning food composition database and treatment of under-reporters. This will aid effective, coordinated policy development that can have a real impact on dietary improvement, on a population and subgroup level, throughout Europe.

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Baran, Katarzyna Anna. "The Determinants of Economic Growth in Hungary, Poland, Slovakia and the Czech Republic During the Years 1995-2010." Equilibrium 8, no. 3 (September 30, 2013): 7–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/equil.2013.017.

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The main goal of the research is to obtain a comprehensive examination of the economic growth determinants in Hungary, Poland, Slovakia and the Czech Republic (CEEC-4) since 1995. For this purpose, two methodological approaches have been applied: the Solow growth accounting and the non-parametric approach. At the beginning of the analysis, in order to obtain a general overview of the sources of economic growth in the former transition countries of Central Eastern Europe, the Solow growth accounting has been conducted. It decomposes the growth rate of output into contributions from changes in the quantity of the physical capital stock, the amount of labour input and some other unexplained factor commonly interpreted as reflecting technological progress and called the “Solow residual” or “Total Factor Productivity (TFP)”. The hypothesis that technological progress together with strong capital accumulation were the dominant factors behind the economic growth and convergence process in the Central Eastern European countries before the crisis is tested. As the Solow growth accounting does not reveal the driving forces behind the technological progress and, thus, a large part of the growth decomposition remains unexplained in the transition economies, the non-parametric approach has been employed to shed more light on the ultimate sources of economic growth in the CEEC-4. The non-parametric (production-frontier) method enables the further decomposition of changes in total factor productivity into changes in the efficiency of production and technological changes. Furthermore, it allows accounting for human capital accumulation, since improvements in quality of labour are also reflected in TFP growth.

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Tintin, Cem. "The determinants of foreign direct investment inflows in the Central and Eastern European Countries: The importance of institutions." Communist and Post-Communist Studies 46, no. 2 (April 18, 2013): 287–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.postcomstud.2013.03.006.

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This study investigates the determinants of FDI inflows in six Central and Eastern European countries (CEEC) by incorporating the traditional factors and institutional variables over the 1996–2009 period. The study identifies whether and how these determinant factors differ across four investor countries (EU-15, the US, China, and Japan). The results verify the positive and economically significant role of GDP size, trade openness, EU membership, and institutions (measured by economic freedoms, state fragility, political rights, and civil liberties indices) on FDI inflows. The results also reveal the existence of notable differences in the determinant factors across four investor countries.

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Festoc, Frédérique, Guillaume L’Œillet, and Nolwenn Roudaut. "Would CEEC International Trade be Higher with the Euro?: Evidence from Sectoral Data." Revue d’études comparatives Est-Ouest 48, no. 3 (2017): 247. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/receo.483.0247.

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Telias, Diego. "FOROS CHINA-CELAC E CHINA-CEEC (17+1): IDEIAS DAS TEORIAS DO REGIONALISMO." Revista Tempo do Mundo, no. 24 (March 10, 2021): 225–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.38116/rtm24art8.

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Nikulin, Dagmara, and Sabina Szymczak. "Effect of the integration into Global Value Chains on the employment contract in Central and Eastern European countries." Equilibrium 15, no. 2 (June 24, 2020): 275–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.24136/eq.2020.013.

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Research background: In the era of globalization, there is a need to address decent work deficits in Global Value Chains (GVCs). The forms of working conditions reveal a broad dispersion of contents. The literature review exposes hardly any Europe-focused research assessing the socio-economic impact of global production links and going beyond their pure economic effects assessed in terms of employment, productivity or wages. Purpose of the article: This paper investigates how involvement in GVCs affects labor standards. In particular, we assess how the integration into GVCs impacts the probability of having indefinite type of employment contract, which stands for one of the decent work indicator. Moreover, we draw individual and firm-level characteristics determining the type of employment contract. Methods: We use linked employer-employee data from the Structure of Earnings Survey merged with industry-level statistics on GVCs based on World Input-Output Database — the sample is composed of over 5 million workers from 10 Central and Eastern European countries (CEEC) observed in 2014. The involvement into GVCs is measured using a novel approach based on the concepts of global import intensity (GII). We employ logistic regression with robust standard errors. Findings & Value added: Controlling for individual and firm-level characteristics (sex, age, education level, length of service in enterprise, size of the enterprise) we find that greater integration into GVCs increases the probability of having temporary type of employment contact, mainly in tradable sectors. However, across CEE countries the relation between GVC and employment type is mixed. In this way we expand the existing literature by reporting the effects of GVCs on labor standards in CEEC.

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Musabelliu, Marsela. "China’s Belt and Road Initiative Extension to Central and Eastern European Countries - Sixteen Nations, Five Summits, Many Challenges." Croatian International Relations Review 23, no. 78 (August 1, 2017): 57–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cirr-2017-0007.

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Abstract The Belt and Road Initiative proclaimed by President Xi in 2013, a strategy developed by the Chinese government, is very important to China but is not confined to China. In order for the initiative to be successful it needs to be embraced by the countries on the terrestrial and maritime route indicated in the plan. In the late 1980s Deng Xiaoping proposed to integrate Socialism with Chinese Characteristics (Zhongguo Tese Shehui Zhuyi, ) into global capitalism and in the 1990s the Jiang Zemin leadership initiated the Going out policy (Zouchuqu Zhanlue, ) – the current Belt and Road Initiative is China’s continuation in implementing those policies into actual deeds. China’s accession to WTO in 2001 marked China’s full integration into the global economy and since then the People’s Republic of China (PRC) has become the largest trading partner for more than 180 countries. The Xi-Li administration has been extremely proactive since it was established in 2012; from that year on, Chinese behavior in international affairs has gained an ever-growing role as a forger of economic and diplomatic ties between countries. The primary example of this behavior is the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). As every serious foreign policy plan, the BRI is an accumulation of various other initiatives. For example, the cooperation mechanism “16+1”, with which the PRC has approached Central and Eastern European Countries (CEEC), can be integrated under the BRI. This paper analizes the “16+1” China-CEEC cooperation mechanism in the context of the bigger BRI initiative, and tries to comprehend the economic and political factors intertwined with its implementation.

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Bajan, Bartłomiej, Joanna Łukasiewicz, and Luboš Smutka. "Similarity and Competition of Polish Agri-food Export with the Largest Agricultural Producers in the EU. Analysis of EU, US and China Market." Agris on-line Papers in Economics and Informatics 13, no. 1 (March 30, 2021): 29–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.7160/aol.2021.130103.

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Poland is one of the largest agricultural producers within European Union (EU). Since joining EU in 2004, Poland has significantly increased its agri-food trade turnover and strengthened its net exporter standing in this regard. With the understanding that countries exporting similar goods to a specific market can be considered competitors, the examination covered similarities in Poland’s export of agri-food products compared to the two largest agricultural producers in EU, namely Germany and France, in three markets: EU-28, China and United States. The agri-food export was analyzed in terms of structure, value and quality, using ComExt data. The growth of the Polish agri-food trade following the accession to the European Union, allowed the country to become a competitor to the common market’s biggest agricultural producers. Poland’s competitiveness in the US market in relation to Germany is also rising. On the other hand, looking at the Chinese market, the value of the exported agri-food products is too low to consider Poland a major competitor to Germany or France. Poland’s competitiveness in the trade of agri-food products is relatively well covered in the literature, but the studies usually focus on the issue of volume and structure or comparative advantages. The export similarity is omitted, in particular with regard to Central and Eastern European countries (CEEC) and to quality similarities issues. The study also suggests a way to identify countries similar in terms of export structure that is based on entire population results. This study fills in a certain research gap that emerged in the context of CEEC, consisting in the analysis of Poland's export in the background of EU’s largest agricultural producers.

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Yang, Lu, and Shigeyuki Hamori. "Interdependence between the bond markets of CEEC-3 and Germany: A wavelet coherence analysis." North American Journal of Economics and Finance 32 (April 2015): 124–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.najef.2015.02.003.

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Wang, Bo, and Danjuan Hu. "RESEARCH ON THE DEVELOPMENT PATH OF NINGBO TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY IN 16 CEEC." FBIM Transactions 6, no. 2 (October 15, 2018): 195–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.12709/fbim.06.06.02.20.

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Redzepagic, Srdjan, and Matthieu Llorca. "Does politics matter in the conduct of fiscal policy? Political determinants of the fiscal sustainability: Evidence from seven individual Central and Eastern European countries (CEEC)." Panoeconomicus 54, no. 4 (2007): 489–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/pan0704489r.

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This paper aims at assessing the fiscal sustainability and its political determinants in seven Central and Eastern European Countries (CEEC), namely Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Slovenia, Slovakia and the Czech Republic. First, using the recent sustainability approach of Bohn (1998) based on fiscal reaction function, econometric findings using Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) reveal a positive response of the primary surplus to changes in debt in several countries. In other words, fiscal policy is sustainable in Baltic countries, Slovenia and Slovakia, but not in Poland and in the Czech Republic. Second, by introducing political dummy variables, we test the electoral budget cycle and the partisan cycle theories. We find the presence of electoral and partisan cycle in Poland but not in the rest of our countries.

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Journal articles on the topic 'CEEC'

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