Academic literature on the topic 'Cell culture techniques'
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Journal articles on the topic "Cell culture techniques"
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Morton, A. J. "Practical Cell Culture Techniques." Trends in Neurosciences 16, no. 6 (June 1993): 245–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0166-2236(93)90165-i.
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Ylostalo, Joni H. "3D Stem Cell Culture." Cells 9, no. 10 (September 27, 2020): 2178. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells9102178.
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Much interest has been directed towards stem cells, both in basic and translational research, to understand basic stem cell biology and to develop new therapies for many disorders. In general, stem cells can be cultured with relative ease, however, most common culture methods for stem cells employ 2D techniques using plastic. These cultures do not well represent the stem cell niches in the body, which are delicate microenvironments composed of not only stem cells, but also supporting stromal cells, extracellular matrix, and growth factors. Therefore, researchers and clinicians have been seeking optimal stem cell preparations for basic research and clinical applications, and these might be attainable through 3D culture of stem cells. The 3D cultures recapitulate the in vivo cell-to-cell and cell-to-matrix interactions more effectively, and the cells in 3D cultures exhibit many unique and desirable characteristics. The culture of stem cells in 3D may employ various matrices or scaffolds, in addition to the cells, to support the complex structures. The goal of this Special Issue is to bring together recent research on 3D cultures of various stem cells to increase the basic understanding of stem cells and culture techniques, and also highlight stem cell preparations for possible novel therapeutic applications.
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Vààzquez, Joséé. "History of Cell Culture Techniques." American Biology Teacher 72, no. 8 (October 1, 2010): 518. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/abt.2010.72.8.11.
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Shargool, Peter D. "Future uses of plant cell culture techniques." Biochemical Education 13, no. 2 (April 1985): 50–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0307-4412(85)90002-0.
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Greenberger, Joel S. "Combinatorial Cell Culture Techniques in Tissue Engineering." e-biomed: The Journal of Regenerative Medicine 1, no. 10 (October 24, 2000): 137–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/152489000750009802.
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Phelan, Mary C. "Basic Techniques for Mammalian Cell Tissue Culture." Current Protocols in Cell Biology 00, no. 1 (October 1998): 1.1.1–1.1.10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0471143030.cb0101s00.
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Marks, Edwin P., and Gordon B. Ward. "Cell culture techniques for studying insect cuticle." Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 6, no. 4 (December 1987): 217–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/arch.940060403.
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Moran-Alvarez, Alba, Pedro Gonzalez-Menendez, Juan C. Mayo, and Rosa M. Sainz. "Reflections on the Biology of Cell Culture Models: Living on the Edge of Oxidative Metabolism in Cancer Cells." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 3 (February 1, 2023): 2717. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24032717.
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Nowadays, the study of cell metabolism is a hot topic in cancer research. Many studies have used 2D conventional cell cultures for their simplicity and the facility to infer mechanisms. However, the limitations of bidimensional cell cultures to recreate architecture, mechanics, and cell communication between tumor cells and their environment, have forced the development of other more realistic in vitro methodologies. Therefore, the explosion of 3D culture techniques and the necessity to reduce animal experimentation to a minimum has attracted the attention of researchers in the field of cancer metabolism. Here, we revise the limitations of actual culture models and discuss the utility of several 3D culture techniques to resolve those limitations.
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Bleotu, Coralia, Carmen Diaconu, Mihaela Chivu, Irina Alexiu, Simona Ruta, and Costin Cernescu. "Evaluation of TV cell line viral susceptibility using conventional cell culture techniques." Open Medicine 1, no. 1 (March 1, 2006): 12–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11536-006-0007-x.
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AbstractDespite the fact that a lot of methods have been developed for rapid virus detection, classic cell culture is still “the golden standard”. The range of viruses that can be isolated and cultured in cell line systems is often limited by the susceptibility of cells to support viral replication. Since the primary cell culture, the best cellular system available to support replication of a large number of viruses, is very expensive and diffcult to obtain, cell lines, which are easier to manipulate, are commonly used for virus growth and isolation.In two previous papers we described the TV cell line initiated by our team from a laryngeal tumor, which harbors human papillomavirus (HPV) gene sequences. In this paper we analyze its capacity to support virus replication. Depending on the virus, different cytopathic effects were produced. Comparison of viral effect observed on this cell line with the effect obtained on other cell lines has been performed. This cell line might be used in the clinical virology laboratory for virus isolation.
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Smeda, Reid J., and Stephen C. Weller. "Plant Cell and Tissue Culture Techniques for Weed Science Research." Weed Science 39, no. 3 (September 1991): 497–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043174500073288.
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Tissue and cell culture offer weed scientists many opportunities to research herbicide effects on plants. This review will discuss examples in which plant cells grown in vitro have been used to study herbicide action. Plant cell and tissue culture have many advantages over the use of whole plants; however, several disadvantages that exist are discussed. Cell cultures can be established for most plant species and provide a relatively homogeneous system for studying herbicide action. Responses of plant cells to herbicides are usually correlated with responses at the whole plant level, and cells have the advantage of posing fewer physical barriers to herbicide uptake and translocation. Cell culture techniques discussed include: screening candidate herbicide compounds; investigating herbicide efficacy, mechanism of action, metabolism, and uptake; and ascertaining mechanisms of herbicide resistance, selecting for resistance, and regenerating crops.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Cell culture techniques"
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Eriksson, Malin. "Manipulating neural stem cells." Stockholm, 2010. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2010/978-91-7409-853-2/.
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Motsoane, Nana Arcilia. "The evaluation of the effect of latex condoms using cell culture techniques." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/25119.
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Increased awareness of protection against infections such as Hepatitis Band Human Immune-deficiency Virus (HIV)/ Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) and other sexually transmitted diseases has led to an increase in the demand for latex gloves and condoms leading to an increase in latex allergy. Besides latex, condoms also contain several undisclosed chemicals including antioxidants, accelerators, emulsifiers, stabilizers, lubricants, and in some cases flavourings and colourants. Though extensive testing is done to evaluate the physical quality of condoms, little information is available regarding the biological safety of condoms. In this study a modification of the direct cell culture testing method that is specified by the American Test Method F813-83 of 1998 was used to determine the cytotoxicity of the surface material of latex condoms prepared at time intervals that represents normal physiological exposure times T2, T4 and T8. The L929 cells were exposed to medium containing increasing amounts of condom washings (0-66%) for 20 hours. After exposure cell number and viability was determined using the Crystal violet (CV) and 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-3H-tetrazolium bromide (MTI) assays respectively. Data was evaluated using a split-plot design with the appropriate Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The effect of the condom washings on cell morphology and CV staining, MTI metabolism and Neutral red (NR) uptake at a fixed condom washing (16%) and exposure time T8 was evaluated microscopically. Cell membrane integrity was evaluated by Propidium iodide (PI) uptake and with PI staining after fixation and Hoechst 33324 (H33342) staining nuclear structure was evaluated with fluorescence microscopy. Apoptosis induced DNA fragmentation was evaluated by agarose gel electrophoresis. The effects of condom washings at 16% condom washing and exposure times T2, T4 and T8 was further evaluated in the HeLa cell line, a cell line in origin and type closer to that of the cervical lining. Cytotoxicity was evaluated using the CV, MTT and NR assays. In the L929 cell line, condom types Non-lubricated condoms (NLC), Lubricated condoms (LC) and Lubricated and flavoured condoms (LFC) behaved differently over time of exposure and the concentrations of condom washings. LFC were found to induce a decrease in cell number compared to other condom types, followed by LC and NLC revealed increases in cell number. Split-plot analysis, revealed that condom type x time (CT x Time) is significantly different due to the effect observed at T2 for LC. The MTT usually considered being more sensitive than the CV assay showed only toxicity for LFC and not for NLC and LC as with the CV assay. Exposure to LFC revealed significant decrease of 70 % decrease in cell viability at T8. Condom washings, LC, LFC and LFCC had no effect on cell morphology following CV staining. MTT metabolism and NR uptake was reduced and altered cell morphology was observed for L929 cells exposed to LFC and LFCC. Little PI uptake was observed for all cells exposed to condom washings. Condensed nuclei were observed for L929 cells exposed to LFC and LFCC while Hoechst staining revealed peripheral arrangement of DNA with Hoechst 33342 staining. Cell death in L929 cells were found to be mediated by apoptosis with L929 exposed to LFC showing the most damage. All effects of LFC is greater than that observed for LFCC indicating that other factors rather than the number of components present in each type of condom may account for toxicity. Toxicity of condom washings were compared to that found in the L929 cell line using the CV and MTT assays and an additional bioassay the NR assay was included. Condom types, LC, LFC and LFCC had a significant effect on cell viability and lysosomal membrane integrity. Differences observed between the L929 and HeLa cells were due to the increased viability observed for LC and the decrease in membrane integrity for LFC on HeLa cells. With LC and LFC no decrease in cell number and viability was observed as previously reported for the L929 cell line. Although no decreased in cell viability is observed for LFC a decrease of 75% in lysosomal membrane integrity is observed. The increase in cell viability found for HeLa exposed to LC (although statistically not significant) cannot be explained. Changes in cell viability and membrane integrity was only observed for HeLa cells, indicating that the HeLa cell line is more sensitive to the cytotoxic effects of condom washings. Furthermore the NR assay is a more sensitive assay than the MTT assay in detecting the cytotoxic effects of LFC condom washings at low concentrations. These are assays address only the effects of short-term exposure and not possible genotoxic effects that may occur following repeated and long-term exposure as reported in other latex products.Dissertation (MSc (Anatomy))--University of Pretoria, 2006.
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Klingbeil, Maria Fátima Guarizo. ""Comparação de dois métodos de obtenção celular para cultura primária de queratinócitos bucais humanos"." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/85/85131/tde-17052007-144619/.
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Freqüentemente as condutas terapêuticas utilizadas no tratamento de patologias bucais são cirúrgicas, resultando em falhas de continuidade da mucosa bucal. A possibilidade de obtenção de epitélios transplantáveis, a partir do cultivo in vitro de células da mucosa bucal, abre novas perspectivas de utilização, não se restringindo somente ao seu local de origem, ou seja, a boca, mas também como material de reconstrução para outras regiões, tais como: uretra, córnea, superfície ocular e epitélio córneo-limbal. Os métodos utilizados para a obtenção dessas células ainda são controversos na literatura. Neste sentido, avaliamos e comparamos a eficiência de dois métodos, enzimático e explante, para a obtenção de queratinócitos de mucosa bucal humana. Os fragmentos utilizados para a obtenção dessas células foram obtidos durante procedimentos cirúrgicos de pacientes voluntários saudáveis. Os queratinócitos foram cultivados sobre uma camada de sustentação, feeder-layer, confeccionada com fibroblastos murinos irradiados (3T3 - Swiss albino). Neste estudo foram comparados: o tempo para a obtenção dos queratinócitos, o rendimento obtido entre os dois métodos, a duração da vida útil em cultura, a capacidade que estas células tiveram em formar um epitélio in vitro e a morfologia dos mesmos. Os resultados obtidos, na avaliação dos dois métodos, comprovaram a possibilidade de obtenção dos queratinócitos, a partir de um pequeno fragmento bucal, porém pode-se verificar que existem vantagens e restrições peculiares a cada um dos métodos estudados.The therapeutic procedures frequently used in oral treatments for the pathological diseases are surgical, resulting in failures of the mucosal continuity.The possibility to obtain transplantable oral epithelia from an in vitro cell culture opens new utilization perspectives not only to where it comes from, but also as a reconstructive matherial for other parts of the human body, such as: urethra, epithelia corneo-limbal, cornea, ocular surface. Many researchers still use controversial methods for obtaining cells. It was therefore evaluated and compared the efficiency in both methods: enzimatic and direct explant to obtain oral keratinocytes from human oral mucosa. Fragments of intra oral epithelial tissues from healthy human subjects, undergoing dental surgeries, were donated to the research project. The keratinocytes were cultivated over a feeder-layer from a previously irradiated 3T3 Swiss albino fibroblasts. In this study it was compared the time needed in the cell obtaintion, the best cell amount between both methods, the life-span, the cell capacity to form an in vitro epithelia and its morphologic structure. The results in the accessment of both methods have shown the possibility to obtain keratinocytes from a small oral fragment, but at the same time we may verify the advantages and peculiar restrictions for each one of both analyzed methods.
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Owen, Henry R. "Use of monoploid solanum phureja in cell and tissue culture techniques for potato improvement." Diss., This resource online, 1987. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-07282008-135528/.
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Tagliani, Marcela Martini [UNESP]. "Resposta de celúlas odontoblastóides MDPC-23 irradiadas com LED de 630nm." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/95509.
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tagliani_mm_me_arafo.pdf: 1416082 bytes, checksum: 174957378ca932650c1583b4139e4afe (MD5)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
Na biofotônica, lasers e LEDs (light-emitting diodes) têm sido empregados na bioestimulação de células e tecidos. LED é um diodo semicondutor que, quando energizado, produz luz de espectro estreito, em forma de eletroluminescência. Experimentos in vitro utilizando LEDs com diferentes comprimentos de onda demonstraram a ocorrência de significativo estímulo no crescimento celular, efeito antiinflamatório e antimicrobiano, além do metabolismo celular aumentado. Na odontologia, a aplicação clínica de lasers e LEDs em terapias objetivando a redução da hipersensibilidade dentinária tem se mostrado efetiva, através de aparente síntese e deposição de dentina reacional. Entretanto, não há trabalhos na literatura que demonstrem o efeito do LED sobre a cultura de odontoblastos, tampouco dados científicos caracterizando a relação entre LED e redução da hipersensibilidade dentinária. Assim, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi investigar a ação do LED em 630 nm sobre o metabolismo de células de linhagem odontoblástica MDPC-23. Para isto, as células foram descongeladas, cultivadas e plaqueadas. Então, o LED foi aplicado diretamente sobre estas células, em diferentes tempos (20, 40, 80 e 240”) e condições de estresse (2 ou 10% de SFB), de acordo com cada grupo experimental, por três dias consecutivos, através de um dispositivo de irradiação denominado “LEDTable”. Posteriormente, foram avaliados a viabilidade celular, através do teste MTT, e a morfologia celular, por microscopia eletrônica de varredura. Os dados obtidos nos testes de MTT foram submetidos ao teste de Mann-Whitney para a comparação das concentrações de soro fetal bovino em cada dose de energia individualmente. Foi utilizado também o teste de Kruskal-Wallis para comparar as diferentes doses de energia em cada concentração de soro fetal bovino. Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente...
Lasers and LEDs (light-emitting diodes) have been used for biostimulation of cells and tissues. LED is a semiconductor diode which produces limited spectrum visible light. In vitro experiments using LEDs at different wavelengths have shown an enhancement of cell growth, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effects and increased cell metabolism. In dentistry, the use of lasers and LEDs in therapies to reduce dental hypersensitivity has been proved to be clinically effective, through the synthesis and deposition of reactionary dentin. However, there are no studies that demonstrate the effect of LED therapy on odontoblast-like cells and there is no scientific data linking LED irradiation to dental hypersensitivity reduction. For this reason, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of LED 630 nm irradiation on MDPC-23 (odontoblast-like) cells metabolism. Cells were seeded on 24-wells plates and cultured. Then the LED light was directly applied to these cells under different experimental conditions (time and % of BFS), according to each experimental group, for three following days. A device named LEDTable provided red LED irradiation. Then, cell viability (MTT Assay) and cell morphology (SEM) were evaluated. The cell viability results were first submitted to Mann-Whitney tests in order to compare the fetal bovine serum concentrations and energy dose, and then Kruskal-Wallis test was performed to compare different energy doses in every serum concentration. Data were statistically analyzed (p=0,05). Results show a biostimulation of cells kept under normal culture conditions and submitted to low LED irradiation dose (1 J/cm2). However, under nutritional stress, cells required higher energy dose to be stimulated, such as 4 J/cm2. On the other hand, a 8 J/cm2 dose did not affect the metabolism of this immortalized cell line. The SEM analysis showed a higher number of cells attached... (Complete abstract click electronic acess below)
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Bravo, Silvina Alejandra. "The di/tri-peptide transporters PEPT1 and PEPT2 : expression and regulation in the intestinal Caco-2 and renal SKPT0193 cl.2 cell lines /." Cph. : Department of Pharmaceutics, The Danish University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2004. http://www.dfh.dk/phd/defences/silvinabravo.htm.
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Paoli, Roberto. "Cell culture interfaces for different organ-on-chip applications: from photolithography to rapid-prototyping techniques with sensor embedding." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/668376.
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Despite the last 60 years have seen major advances in many scientific and technological inputs of drug Research and Development, the number of new molecules hitting the market per billion US dollars of R&D spending has been declined steadily during the same period. The current scenario highlights the need for new research tools to enable reduce costly animal and clinical trials while providing a better prediction about drug efficacy and security in humans
A recent emerging approach to improve the current models is emerging from the field of microfluidics, which studies systems that process or manipulate tiny amounts of fluids using channels with dimensions of tens to hundreds of micrometers. Combining microfluidics with cell culture, scientists gave rise to a new field named “Organ-on-chip” (OOC). Microfluidic OOCs are advanced platforms designed to mimic physiological structures and continuous flow conditions, thus allowing the culture of cells in a friendlier microenvironment.
This thesis, titled “Cell culture interfaces for different organ-on-chip applications: from photolithography to rapid-prototyping techniques with sensor embedding”, aims to design, simulate and test new OOC devices to reproduce cell culture interface under flow conditions. The work has a focus on the exploration of novel fabrication techniques which enable rapid prototyping of OOC devices, reducing costs, time and human labor associated to the fabrication process. The final objective is to demonstrate the viability of the devices as research tools for biological problems, applying them to the tubular kidney and the blood brain barrier (BBB).
To achieve the objective, at least three device version have been developed: 1) OOCv1, fabricated by multilayer PDMS soft lithography; 2) OOCv2, fabricated in thermoplastic by layered object manufacturing using both a vinyl cutter and a laser cutter, integrating standard fluidic connectors alone (OOCv2.1) or together with embedded electrodes (OOCv2.2); 3) OOCv3 using a mixed technique of laser cut and 3D printing by stereolithography. All devices are fabricated using biocompatible materials with high optical quality and an embedded commercial membrane.
The biological experiments with renal tubular epithelial cells, realized on OOCv1 and OOCv2.1 devices, demonstrated the viability of the device for culturing cells under flow conditions. The study realized on fatty acid oxidation and accumulation in cells exposed to physiological and diabetogenic oscillating levels of glucose suggest a possible positive role of shear stress in activation of fatty acid metabolism. The studies were performed using a compact experimental unit with embedded flow control which reduce significatively the complexity and cost of the fluidic experimental setup.
The biological experiments on the BBB confirmed viability of OOCv2.1 and OOCv2.2 for compartmentalized co-culturing of endothelial cells and pericytes. The formation and recovery of the barrier after disruptive treatment has been assessed using different techniques, including immunostaining, fluorescence and live phase contrast imaging, and electrical impedance spectroscopy. The repeatability of measurements using electrodes was verified. A model to classify measurements from different timepoints has been developed, resulting in accuracy of 100% in learning and 90% in testing case. Results are confirmed by imaging data, which also suggest a critical role of pericytes in the development, maintenance, and regulation of BBB, in accordance with the literature.En los últimos años está emergiendo una nueva propuesta para mejorar los modelos actuales en el estudio de nuevos fármacos. Mediante la fusión de cultivos celulares y microfluídica ha nacido un nuevo campo de aplicación denominado “Órgano-en-un-chip” (OOC), donde se recrea un entorno fisiológico capaz de reproducir unidades funcionales mínimas de diversos órganos del cuerpo humano. Un elemento importante para el desarrollo de dispositivos OOC es la reproducción de zonas de interacción entre varios tejidos formados por diferentes tipos celulares. Esta tesis, titulada “Interfaces de cultivo celular para diferentes aplicaciones de OOC: desde fotolitografía a técnicas de prototipado rápido con inclusión de sensores”, tiene como objetivo el diseño, simulación y evaluación de dispositivos OOC capaces de reproducir superficies de contacto de tejidos contiguos expuestos a flujo. El trabajo está enfocado a la exploración de nuevas técnicas de fabricación que permitan el prototipado rápido de dispositivos OOC, reduciendo costes, tiempo y mano de obra asociada a dicha fabricación. El objetivo final es demostrar la utilidad de los dispositivos como herramientas de investigación para problemas biológicos, aplicándolos en esta tesis al estudio del túbulo renal y de la barrera hematoencefálica. Para ello se han fabricado tres versiones de dispositivos: 1) OOCv1 fabricado por litografía suave en múltiples capas de PDMS; 2) OOCv2 fabricado con cortadora de vinilo y cortadora láser en múltiples capas de materiales termoplásticos y con electrodos integrados en la versión OOCv2.2; 3) OOCv3 fabricado mediante impresión 3D por esterolitografía. Todos los dispositivos están hechos de materiales biocompatibles de alta calidad óptica, con conectores fluídicos y una membrana comercial integrada. Los experimentos biológicos sobre túbulo renal, realizados en los dispositivos OOCv1 y OOCv2, han demostrado la viabilidad de los dispositivos, integrados con un sistema de flujo, para estudios de la metabolización de ácidos grasos en el riñón relacionados con condiciones diabetogénicas. Los experimentos biológicos sobre la barrera hematoencefálica han confirmado la viabilidad de OOCv2 para el cocultivo compartimentado de células endoteliales de cerebro y pericitos. La integración de electrodos en el OOCv2.2 ha demostrado ser una técnica fiable para la medición de la integridad de barreras biológicas de modo no-invasivo, libre de etiqueta (“label-free”), y a tiempo real gracias a la espectroscopía de impedancia.
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Wolk, Donna Marie. "Development and application of cell culture and molecular techniques for the diagnosis, identification, and viability testing of microsporidia." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/283974.
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The microsporidia are a group of organisms that have recently been implicated as the cause of a variety of human diseases. Because of their recent recognition as emerging pathogens, laboratory techniques for these organisms were neither optimized nor standardized. The work described in this document will detail the efforts toward that end. In vitro growth of human microsporidia species was optimized based on existing information about the biochemistry and biology of the microsporidia. Optimized systems were subsequently adapted for use in preliminary bench-top disinfection experiments with chlorine, ozone and pulsed UV light. The preliminary work suggested that microsporidia may be sensitive to chlorine and ozone. Further adaptation of optimized methods allowed for in vitro viability studies to be performed in multi-well cell culture plates for the determination of a tissue culture infectious dose 50% (TCID50). TCID50 comparisons enabled the calculation of a 3 log₁₀ reduction in microsporidia viability after 10 min. of exposure to sodium hypochlorite. Molecular diagnostics for microsporidia show promise both for detection and identification of various human species, but polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has not been designed for repetitive testing of human or environmental specimens. Methods described in this document are the first report of a non-nested PCR to incorporate uracil-N-glycosylase as a form of carry-over prevention (COP). It is also the first report of the use of microwave energy to release DNA for subsequent purification and amplification. Sequencing of PCR products confirm that the microwave spore lysis with subsequent PCR-COP is an accurate and sensitive method for identification of human microsporidia.
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Berggren, Malin. "Regulation and expression of Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen 1 in transplant patients and cell culture /." Göteborg : Institute of Biomedicine, Dept. of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, University of Gothenburg, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2077/9888.
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Tagliani, Marcela Martini. "Resposta de celúlas odontoblastóides MDPC-23 irradiadas com LED de 630nm /." Araraquara : [s.n.], 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/95509.
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Orientador: Carlos Alberto de Souza CostaBanca: Denise Madalena Palomari Spolidório
Banca: Cristina Kurachi
Resumo: Na biofotônica, lasers e LEDs (light-emitting diodes) têm sido empregados na bioestimulação de células e tecidos. LED é um diodo semicondutor que, quando energizado, produz luz de espectro estreito, em forma de eletroluminescência. Experimentos in vitro utilizando LEDs com diferentes comprimentos de onda demonstraram a ocorrência de significativo estímulo no crescimento celular, efeito antiinflamatório e antimicrobiano, além do metabolismo celular aumentado. Na odontologia, a aplicação clínica de lasers e LEDs em terapias objetivando a redução da hipersensibilidade dentinária tem se mostrado efetiva, através de aparente síntese e deposição de dentina reacional. Entretanto, não há trabalhos na literatura que demonstrem o efeito do LED sobre a cultura de odontoblastos, tampouco dados científicos caracterizando a relação entre LED e redução da hipersensibilidade dentinária. Assim, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi investigar a ação do LED em 630 nm sobre o metabolismo de células de linhagem odontoblástica MDPC-23. Para isto, as células foram descongeladas, cultivadas e plaqueadas. Então, o LED foi aplicado diretamente sobre estas células, em diferentes tempos (20, 40, 80 e 240") e condições de estresse (2 ou 10% de SFB), de acordo com cada grupo experimental, por três dias consecutivos, através de um dispositivo de irradiação denominado "LEDTable". Posteriormente, foram avaliados a viabilidade celular, através do teste MTT, e a morfologia celular, por microscopia eletrônica de varredura. Os dados obtidos nos testes de MTT foram submetidos ao teste de Mann-Whitney para a comparação das concentrações de soro fetal bovino em cada dose de energia individualmente. Foi utilizado também o teste de Kruskal-Wallis para comparar as diferentes doses de energia em cada concentração de soro fetal bovino. Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Lasers and LEDs (light-emitting diodes) have been used for biostimulation of cells and tissues. LED is a semiconductor diode which produces limited spectrum visible light. In vitro experiments using LEDs at different wavelengths have shown an enhancement of cell growth, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effects and increased cell metabolism. In dentistry, the use of lasers and LEDs in therapies to reduce dental hypersensitivity has been proved to be clinically effective, through the synthesis and deposition of reactionary dentin. However, there are no studies that demonstrate the effect of LED therapy on odontoblast-like cells and there is no scientific data linking LED irradiation to dental hypersensitivity reduction. For this reason, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of LED 630 nm irradiation on MDPC-23 (odontoblast-like) cells metabolism. Cells were seeded on 24-wells plates and cultured. Then the LED light was directly applied to these cells under different experimental conditions (time and % of BFS), according to each experimental group, for three following days. A device named LEDTable provided red LED irradiation. Then, cell viability (MTT Assay) and cell morphology (SEM) were evaluated. The cell viability results were first submitted to Mann-Whitney tests in order to compare the fetal bovine serum concentrations and energy dose, and then Kruskal-Wallis test was performed to compare different energy doses in every serum concentration. Data were statistically analyzed (p=0,05). Results show a biostimulation of cells kept under normal culture conditions and submitted to low LED irradiation dose (1 J/cm2). However, under nutritional stress, cells required higher energy dose to be stimulated, such as 4 J/cm2. On the other hand, a 8 J/cm2 dose did not affect the metabolism of this immortalized cell line. The SEM analysis showed a higher number of cells attached... (Complete abstract click electronic acess below)
Mestre
Books on the topic "Cell culture techniques"
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Aschner, Michael, and Lucio Costa, eds. Cell Culture Techniques. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-9228-7.
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Aschner, Michael, Cristina Suñol, and Anna Bal-Price, eds. Cell Culture Techniques. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-077-5.
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A, Boulton A., Baker Glen B. 1947-, and Walz Wolfgang, eds. Practical cell culture techniques. Totowa, N.J: Humana Press, 1992.
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Boulton, Alan A., Glen B. Baker, and Wolfgang Walz. Practical Cell Culture Techniques. New Jersey: Humana Press, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1385/0896032140.
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Clynes, Martin, ed. Animal Cell Culture Techniques. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-80412-0.
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1939-, Rae Ian F., ed. General techniques of cell culture. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997.
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A, Doyle, and Griffiths J. B. 1941-, eds. Mammalian cell culture: Essential techniques. Chichester: Wiley, 1997.
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Ramkumar, K. M., R. Senthilkumar, and Md Enamul Hoque. Advanced Mammalian Cell Culture Techniques. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003397755.
Full textBook chapters on the topic "Cell culture techniques"
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Martin, Bernice M. "Cell Preservation." In Tissue Culture Techniques, 137–42. Boston, MA: Birkhäuser Boston, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-0247-9_6.
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Martin, Bernice M. "Cell Cloning." In Tissue Culture Techniques, 143–51. Boston, MA: Birkhäuser Boston, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-0247-9_7.
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Martin, Bernice M. "Routine Cell Culture." In Tissue Culture Techniques, 29–90. Boston, MA: Birkhäuser Boston, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-0247-9_3.
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Martin, Bernice M. "Primary Cell Culture." In Tissue Culture Techniques, 113–36. Boston, MA: Birkhäuser Boston, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-0247-9_5.
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O’Sullivan, Finbar, Paula Meleady, Shirley McBride, and Martin Clynes. "Primary Culture." In Animal Cell Culture Techniques, 115–28. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-80412-0_8.
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Milan, K. L., Goutham V. Ganesh, Dhamodharan Umapathy, Md Enamul Hoque, and K. M. Ramkumar. "Primary Cell Culture." In Advanced Mammalian Cell Culture Techniques, 18–20. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003397755-6.
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Castell, José V., and María José Gómez-Lechón. "Liver Cell Culture Techniques." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 35–46. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-201-4_4.
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Kumari, Rashmi, Madhu Rani, Amrita Nigam, and Anil Kumar. "Stem Cell Culture Techniques." In Techniques in Life Science and Biomedicine for the Non-Expert, 213–34. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-19485-6_15.
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Rani, Madhu, Annu Devi, Shashi Prakash Singh, Rashmi Kumari, and Anil Kumar. "3D Cell Culture Techniques." In Techniques in Life Science and Biomedicine for the Non-Expert, 197–212. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-19485-6_14.
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McBride, Shirley, and Martin Clynes. "Investigations into Cell Differentiation Using Cells in Culture." In Animal Cell Culture Techniques, 231–39. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-80412-0_14.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Cell culture techniques"
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Christ, Kevin V., and Kevin T. Turner. "Hydrodynamically-Confined Microflows for Cell Adhesion Strength Measurement." In ASME 2010 First Global Congress on NanoEngineering for Medicine and Biology. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nemb2010-13007.
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Cell adhesion plays a fundamental role in numerous physiological and pathological processes, and measurements of the adhesion strength are important in fields ranging from basic cell biology research to the development of implantable biomaterials. Our group and others have recently demonstrated that microfluidic devices offer advantages for characterizing the adhesion of cells to protein-coated surfaces [1,2]. Microfluidic devices offer many advantages over conventional assays, including the ability to apply high shear stresses in the laminar regime and the opportunity to directly observe cell behavior during testing. However, a key disadvantage is that such assays require cells to be cultured inside closed microchannels. Assays based on closed channels restrict the types of surfaces that can be examined and are not compatible with many standard techniques in cell biology research. Furthermore, while techniques for cell culture in microchannels have become common, maintaining the viability of certain types of cells in channels remains a challenge.
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Nieus, Thierry, Stefano Di Marco, Alessandro Maccione, Hayder Amin, and Luca Berdondini. "Investigating cell culture dynamics combining high density recordings with dimensional reduction techniques." In 2015 37th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/embc.2015.7319211.
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Yang, Yunjie, Hancong Wu, and Jiabin Jia. "Simulation study of scaffold 3D cell culture imaging using a miniature planar EIT sensor." In 2017 IEEE International Conference on Imaging Systems and Techniques (IST). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ist.2017.8261553.
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dos Santos Costa, Camilla, Camila de Paula D’Almeida, Sebastião Pratavieira, and Vanderlei Salvador Bagnato. "Monitoring Wound Healing in Cell Culture Using a Lens-free Microscope." In Frontiers in Optics. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/fio.2023.jm4a.28.
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A lens-free holographic microscope was assembled for wound-healing assay monitoring. It functions within cell incubator, providing continuous cell migration imaging, with large FOV. It holds promise for optimizing cell culture techniques in in vitro studies.
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Zavrel, Erik A., Michael L. Shuler, and Xiling Shen. "A Simple Aspect Ratio Dependent Method of Patterning Microwells for Selective Cell Attachment." In 2018 Design of Medical Devices Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dmd2018-6811.
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3-D culture has been shown to provide cells with a more physiologically authentic environment than traditional 2-D (planar) culture [1, 2]. 3-D cues allow cells to exhibit more realistic functions and behaviors, e.g., adhesion, spreading, migration, metabolic activity, and differentiation. Knowledge of changes in cell morphology, mechanics, and mobility in response to geometrical cues and topological stimuli is important for understanding normal and pathological cell development [3]. Microfabrication provides unique in vitro approaches to recapitulating in vivo conditions due to the ability to precisely control the cellular microenvironment [4, 5]. Microwell arrays have emerged as robust alternatives to traditional 2D cell culture substrates as they are relatively simple and compatible with existing laboratory techniques and instrumentation [6, 7]. In particular, microwells have been adopted as a biomimetic approach to modeling the unique micro-architecture of the epithelial lining of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract [8–10]. The inner (lumen-facing) surface of the intestine has a convoluted topography consisting of finger-like projections (villi) with deep well-like invaginations (crypts) between them. The dimensions of villi and crypts are on the order of hundreds of microns (100–700 μm in height and 50–250 μm in diameter) [11]. While microwells have proven important in the development of physiologically realistic in vitro models of human intestine, existing methods of ensuring their surface is suitable for cell culture are lacking. Sometimes it is desirable to selectively seed cells within microwells and confine or restrict them to the microwells in which they are seeded. Existing methods of patterning microwells for cell attachment either lack selectivity, meaning cells can adhere and migrate anywhere on the microwell array, i.e., inside microwells or outside of them, or necessitate sophisticated techniques such as micro-contact printing, which requires precise alignment and control to selectively pattern the bottoms of microwells for cell attachment [12, 13].
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Korin, Natanel, Avishay Bransky, Uri Dinnar, and Shulamit Levenberg. "Modeling and Studying Human Embryonic Stem Cell Culture Conditions in Pulsed Flow Micro-Reactors." In ASME 2008 9th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2008-59168.
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Embryonic stem (ES) cells research is a promising field for tissue engineering due to their proliferative capacity and differentiation abilities. The culture of Human Embryonic Stem Cells (hESC) in microchannel bioreactors can be valuable for hESC cell biology studies and hESC tissue engineering applications. We have previously demonstrated the long-term culture of mammalian (HFF-Human Foreskin Fibroblasts) cells in a microchannel (130μm) bioreactor under constant perfusion in a simple approach. However, hESC were found to be highly sensitive to flow and did not grow under flow rates which were proper for HFF long-term culture. Here, we propose the use of a novel automated periodic perfusion system to co-culture hESC with HFF in a microchannel bioreactor. The method is based on short temporal pulsed flows of medium renewal followed by long static incubation periods. The short pulsed exposure to shear enables shear sensitive cells (e.g., hESC) to withstand the medium flow. The present work studies experimentally and via numerical simulations the conditions required for hESC culture in a microchannel bioreactor using the periodic perfusion method. Conventional soft-lithography techniques were used to fabricate PDMS microchannels (100 μm) sealed reversibly with glass cover slides. HESC were seeded in the microchannel with HFF, incubated for several hours and then connected to a perfusion system which contained: a syringe pump, a permeable tube oxygenator, and waste container. The ability of the periodic perfusion protocols to prevent hESC de-attachment and maintain their culture was examined. Mass transport and fluid mechanics models were used to evaluate the culture conditions within the micro-bioreactor (shear stress, oxygen level, nutritious etc.). 3D finite element mass transport analysis (Comsol 3.3) was preformed to examine the oxygen levels in the microchannel as a function of time and design parameters. Altogether, the experimental results and the theoretical model indicate that the use of a periodic perfusion bioreactor is a suitable and promising method to culture hESC in a microreactor. Culturing undifferentiated human ES cell colonies in a micro-bioreactor is an initial step toward utilizing microfluidic techniques to investigate embryonic stem cell biology.
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Nagarathna, S. B., Anita Gehlot, Mohit Tiwari, Tripti Tiwari, M. Kalyan Chakravarthi, and Devvret Verma. "A Review of Bio-Cell Culture Processes in Real-Time Monitoring Approach with Cloud Computing Techniques." In 2022 2nd International Conference on Advance Computing and Innovative Technologies in Engineering (ICACITE). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icacite53722.2022.9823543.
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Chakraborty, Nilay, Wesley Parker, Kevin E. Elliott, Stuart T. Smith, Patrick J. Moyer, and Gloria Elliott. "Molecular Mobility in Trehalose Loaded Mammalian Cells: Time-Resolved Fluorescence Anisotropy Measurements." In ASME 2008 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2008-193077.
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Many preservation methods have utilized sugars such as trehalose as protectants against injury during cell preservation processing, especially during drying (1–5). As mammalian cells do not synthesize trehalose, research in the mammalian cell desiccation field has focused on the development of strategies to enable trehalose delivery into the intracellular milieu. Numerous techniques have been explored ranging from microinjection (2) to the creation or utilization of membrane pores (1,3). Fluid phase endocytosis has shown great promise as an effective strategy for non-invasively delivering water-soluble materials into the intracellular space (4, 5). In this technique trehalose is transported across the cell membrane in membrane-bound cellular compartments called endosomes. Cells incubated in cell culture medium containing trehalose have been shown to take up considerable amounts of trehalose by this technique (4, 5). How much of this trehalose actually become available for protection of biomolecules during the dehydration process has yet to be determined.
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Cantini, Marco, Gianfranco B. Fiore, Alberto Redaelli, and Monica Soncini. "Metabolite Transport Inside Channeled Porous Scaffolds for Haematopoietic Stem Cell Culture: A Computational Study." In ASME 2008 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2008-192852.
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Porous polymeric materials play a key role in regenerative medicine, serving as three-dimensional scaffolds for cell culture. Hence, the definition of their micro-architecture should be regarded as a pivotal design issue, that has to be wittingly addressed while engineering a cell culture system. Computational fluid dynamics techniques (CFD) appear to be very valuable in this respect, since they have been appreciably applied in recent literature as a means to analyze fluid dynamics and mass transport inside scaffold or bioreactor models [1]; moreover, leading researchers in tissue engineering have acknowledged the role of numerical methodology in the issue of defining optimal flow conditions for three-dimensional dynamic culture systems.
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Kim, Eun Jung, Cynthia Boehm, Aaron J. Fleischman, George F. Muschler, Yordan Kostov, and Shuvo Roy. "Modulating Human Connective Tissue Progenitor (CTP) Cell Behavior on Cellulose Acetate Scaffolds by Surface Microtextures." In ASME 2007 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2007-175229.
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It has been shown that precise microarchitecture and surface microtexture can enhance cell behavior such as cell attachment, proliferation, migration and differentiation in cell culture environment [1]. Even though Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) has been commonly used to fabricate the microtextured surfaces, PDMS is not biodegradable. Cellulose Acetate (CA), on the other hand, has very promising properties as scaffold material for tissue engineering applications. It is biodegradable, has low water solubility, and generates minimal foreign body reaction in vivo [2]. In this study, soft lithography techniques are used to fabricate CA and PDMS scaffolds with precise surface microtextures to compare growth characteristics of progenitor cells.
Reports on the topic "Cell culture techniques"
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Petitte, James, Hefzibah Eyal-Giladi, and Malka Ginsburg. The Study of Primordial Germ Cell Development as a Tool for Gene Transfer in Chickens. United States Department of Agriculture, October 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1991.7561071.bard.
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The ability to introduce novel genetic material into the genome of commercial poultry has been impeded by a lack of kowledge regarding the origin in the early embryo of the target cell of interest, namely, the germ cell. Hence, this project investigated the emergence of primordial germ cells (PGCs) during the early development of the avian embryo to aid in efforts to produce transgenic poultry on a routine basis. The strategy was to introduce foreign DNA into the area of the unincubated embryo that is destined to give rise to the germ line. The objectives of this project were: 1) to identify and localize a subpopulation of cells in the early embryo which will give rise to PGCs, 2) to determine the best location and stage of development to transfer donor cells for efficient germline chimerism, and 3) to transfect donor cells to produce transgenic/germline chimeric embryos. We show that by using the monoclonal antibody SSEA-1 and by various cell culture techniques that germ cells appear to segregate from the somatic lineages at St. X., a process that is gradual and continues through St. XIV. Using microsurgical transplantation between quail and chick embryos, we demonstrated that the inner 1/3 of the area pellucida between states X-XII gives rise to about 2/3 of the germ cell population at the time of their residence in the germinal crescent. Because of the non-localized emergence of PGCs, attempts to introduce foreign DNA into clonal precursors of germ cells through liposome-mediated transfection yielded unacceptable levels of efficiency. However, through our investigation of germ cell origins, an in vitro model of germ cell differentiation was developed that could offer a means of determining the factors required for the long term culture of avian PGCs thereby providing a convenient means of manipulating the avian genome.
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Corscadden, Louise, and Anjali Singh. Methods Of Cleaning And Sterilization. Maze Engineers, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55157/cs20221207.
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Microbiology, tissue culture, medical, equipment manufacturing labs, and many research labs and industries need strict sterile environments for their diverse operations. Experiments, specifically those involving cell lines or microorganisms need to be conducted in a controlled environment. Contamination not only voids experiments, but also wastes effort, time, and money and when involving patients, it poses serious health risks. It is essential to be well-versed in laboratory sterilization techniques.
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Heifetz, Yael, and Michael Bender. Success and failure in insect fertilization and reproduction - the role of the female accessory glands. United States Department of Agriculture, December 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2006.7695586.bard.
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The research problem. Understanding of insect reproduction has been critical to the design of insect pest control strategies including disruptions of mate-finding, courtship and sperm transfer by male insects. It is well known that males transfer proteins to females during mating that profoundly affect female reproductive physiology, but little is known about the molecular basis of female mating response and no attempts have yet been made to interfere with female post-mating responses that directly bear on the efficacy of fertilization. The female reproductive tract provides a crucial environment for the events of fertilization yet thus far those events and the role of the female tract in influencing them are poorly understood. For this project, we have chosen to focus on the lower reproductive tract because it is the site of two processes critical to reproduction: sperm management (storage, maintenance, and release from storage) and fertilization. E,fforts during this project period centered on the elucidation of mating responses in the female lower reproductive tract The central goals of this project were: 1. To identify mating-responsive genes in the female lower reproductive tract using DNA microarray technology. 2. In parallel, to identify mating-responsive genes in these tissues using proteomic assays (2D gels and LC-MS/MS techniques). 3. To integrate proteomic and genomic analyses of reproductive tract gene expression to identify significant genes for functional analysis. Our main achievements were: 1. Identification of mating-responsive genes in the female lower reproductive tract. We identified 539 mating-responsive genes using genomic and proteomic approaches. This analysis revealed a shift from gene silencing to gene activation soon after mating and a peak in differential gene expression at 6 hours post-mating. In addition, comparison of the two datasets revealed an expression pattern consistent with the model that important reproductive proteins are pre-programmed for synthesis prior to mating. This work was published in Mack et al. (2006). Validation experiments using real-time PCR techniques suggest that microarray assays provide a conservativestimate of the true transcriptional activity in reproductive tissues. 2.lntegration of proteomics and genomics data sets. We compared the expression profiles from DNA microarray data with the proteins identified in our proteomic experiments. Although comparing the two data sets poses analyical challenges, it provides a more complete view of gene expression as well as insights into how specific genes may be regulated. This work was published in Mack et al. (2006). 3. Development of primary reproductive tract cell cultures. We developed primary cell cultures of dispersed reproductive tract cell types and determined conditions for organ culture of the entire reproductive tract. This work will allow us to rapidly screen mating-responsive genes for a variety of reproductive-tract specifi c functions. Scientific and agricultural significance. Together, these studies have defined the genetic response to mating in a part of the female reproductive tract that is critical for successful fertllization and have identified alarge set of mating-responsive genes. This work is the first to combine both genomic and proteomic approaches in determining female mating response in these tissues and has provided important insights into insect reproductive behavior.
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Kotler, Moshe, Larry Hanson, and Shane Burgess. Replication Defective Cyprinid Herpes Virus-3 (CyHV-3) as a Combined Prophylactic Vaccine in Carps. United States Department of Agriculture, December 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2010.7697104.bard.
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Aquacultured koi and common carp fish (Cyprinus carpio) are intensively bred as ornamental and food fish in many countries worldwide. Hatcheries of carp and koi have recently suffered massive financial damages due to two viral diseases caused by the Cyprinid herpesvirus-3 (CyHV-3), previously designated as Carp Interstitial Nephritis and Gill Necrosis Virus (CNGV) and Koi herpesvirus (KHV), and by the Spring Viremia of Carp Virus (SVCV). CyHV-3 is a large dsDNA virus, which is infectious mostly to koi and common carp, while SVCV is a rhabdovirus with a relatively broad host range. Both viruses induce contagious disease with mortality rate up to 90%. Strategies for the control of viral infection in fish are of limited use. While efforts to prevent introduction of infectious agents into culture facilities are desirable, such exclusion strategies are far from fail-safe. Extensive vaccination methods that are useful for use in aquaculture facilities produce weak immunity, when used with proteins or inactivated viruses. Methods to overcome this obstacle are to vaccinate the fish with large amounts of antigen and/or use adjuvant and immune modulators over a long period. These techniques usually require individual handling of the fish. On the other hand, live attenuated virus is efficient and economical when used as an immersionvaccine. However, this technique poses certain environmental risks and thus may be difficult to license and scale up. Another option is a vaccine based on the replication defective virus (RDV) (pseudovirus), which can infect cells, but is unable to produce infectious particles. This vaccine may circumvent many of the problems related to attenuated-live vaccine (e.g., inadvertent infection and reversion to the virulent strain).
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Dudoit, Alain. Les espaces européens communs de données : une initiative structurante nécessaire et adaptable au Canada. CIRANO, October 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54932/ryht5065.
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Le Rapport bourgogne, publié par le CIRANO en juillet 2023, préconise la création d'un espace commun de données dans le corridor commercial stratégique des Grands Lacs et du Saint-Laurent d'ici 2030. Cette proposition s’appuie notamment sur trois rapports distincts de politiques publiés en 2022 par le groupe de travail national sur la chaîne d’approvisionnement, le Conseil des ministres responsables des transports et de la sécurité routière (COMT) et le Comité permanent de la Chambre des communes sur les transports, l'infrastructure et les collectivités. Le constat posé et les recommandations qui découlent de ces rapports soulèvent des questions de fond qui sont au centre des enjeux critiques de gouvernance, de culture d’organisation, de capacité d’exécution, de mobilisation des parties prenantes du public et du privé, ainsi que de la sous-utilisation des données au sein de l’appareil gouvernemental canadien mis à rude épreuve par des années de retard et exacerbée par les perturbations récentes liées à des catastrophes climatiques anticipées. La création d’un espace commun de données est envisagée comme un investissement structurant de l'infrastructure essentielle du Canada pour le transport intermodal et la chaîne d’approvisionnement. Ce document de travail sur les Espaces Européens Communs de Données (EECD) prolonge la synthèse et les recommandations publiées en juillet dernier. Face à l’accélération de l’économique numérique, la gouvernance et le partage efficace des données sont devenus des enjeux fondamentaux pour les politiques publiques à tous les niveaux de juridictions et dans tous domaines de l’activité humaine. Le présent document vise à examiner les initiatives et les défis associés à la gouvernance des données, en mettant particulièrement l'accent sur les Espaces Européens Communs de Données (EECD) et leur pertinence pour le contexte canadien. Il explore la complexité inhérente à la gouvernance des données, qui doit concilier les spécificités sectorielles avec des principes de gouvernance plus universels. Ce faisant, il souligne l'importance d'une action stratégique et coordonnée pour maximiser les avantages sociaux et économiques des données. Le document de travail sur les EECD étend la portée du Rapport bourgogne en fournissant une analyse opérationnelle de l'initiative en cours au sein de l'Union européenne (UE). Celle-ci découle de la stratégie européenne des données de 2020 et vise à établir douze espaces communs de données dans des secteurs stratégiques, y compris la mobilité et les transports. Le document se divise en trois parties principales. La première partie offre un aperçu des politiques publiques relatives aux données au Canada et dans l'UE entre 2018 et 2023. La deuxième partie se concentre sur les implications et les leçons tirées de l'analyse d'impact qui soutient l'adoption de la législation sur la gouvernance des données par les institutions européennes. Cette loi vise à établir un cadre réglementaire pour la création des espaces communs de données en Europe. La troisième partie aborde le déploiement actuel des EECD, en soulignant les étapes clés et les processus en cours. Le document met en évidence des similitudes notables entre l'UE et le Canada en ce qui concerne l'identification des enjeux et la formulation des objectifs de politique publique en matière de données. Il souligne aussi des différences entre ces deux partenaires stratégiques dans l’optimisation du partage des données entre les juridictions et parties prenantes. Ces deux partenaires stratégiques se distinguent cependant par une différence fondamentale: l'absence d'une mutualisation efficace des ressources au sein de l’appareil intergouvernemental canadien dans la poursuite d’objectifs communs face à des enjeux majeurs communs tel celui des données à la grande différence de l’entreprise des EECD par l’UE dans la poursuite d’objectifs identiques de positionnement comme chef de file mondial l’économie des données. Cette absence de considération et, encore moins, d’action conjointe par l’appareil intergouvernemental canadien de mise en œuvre d’une stratégie commune des données au Canada est dommageable. Pour être efficace, la réponse canadienne doit être agile, axée sur les résultats, et intégrée à travers les différentes juridictions. La gestion rigoureuse, l’utilisation responsable et le partage organisé des données au sein et entre les différentes juridictions sont des éléments cruciaux pour aborder les défis complexes et les risques majeurs auxquels le Canada est confronté. Ni le gouvernement fédéral ni ceux des provinces ne sont actuellement bien positionnés pour traiter ensemble les données comme un actif stratégique commun. La résolution des obstacles réglementaires, juridiques et techniques à l'échange de données entre juridictions et organisations nécessite la création d'un espace commun de données qui à son tour implique une combinaison des outils et des infrastructures requises à cette fin, ainsi qu'un traitement des questions de confiance notamment par des règles communes.