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Journal articles on the topic 'Cell death rate of gbm cells'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Dastghaib, Sanaz, Shahla Shojaei, Zohreh Mostafavi-Pour, et al. "Simvastatin Induces Unfolded Protein Response and Enhances Temozolomide-Induced Cell Death in Glioblastoma Cells." Cells 9, no. 11 (2020): 2339. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells9112339.

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Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most prevalent malignant primary brain tumor with a very poor survival rate. Temozolomide (TMZ) is the common chemotherapeutic agent used for GBM treatment. We recently demonstrated that simvastatin (Simva) increases TMZ-induced apoptosis via the inhibition of autophagic flux in GBM cells. Considering the role of the unfolded protein response (UPR) pathway in the regulation of autophagy, we investigated the involvement of UPR in Simva–TMZ-induced cell death by utilizing highly selective IRE1 RNase activity inhibitor MKC8866, PERK inhibitor GSK-2606414 (PERKi), and eIF

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Fann, Li-Yun, Jui-Hu Shih, Jen-Ho Tseng, Hsu-Shan Huang, and Sheng-Huang Hsiao. "CC12 Induces Apoptotic Cell Death and Cell Cycle Arrest in Human Glioblastoma Cell Lines and Mouse Xenograft Model." Molecules 25, no. 8 (2020): 1793. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25081793.

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Among central nervous system tumors, glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and the most malignant type. Even under current standard treatments, the overall survival rate is still low and the recurrence rate is high. Therefore, developing novel and effective therapy is urgently needed. CC12, a synthesized small molecule, was evaluated for the potential anti-GBM effects in two GBM cell lines, U87MG and U118MG. The observations of cell morphology, MTT assay, flow cytometry-based apoptosis after CC12 treatment, were conducted. Western blot was performed for the investigation of the apoptotic mecha

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Rowland, Emma, and Nagi G. Ayad. "392 Targeting One-Carbon Metabolism in Brain Cancer." Journal of Clinical and Translational Science 8, s1 (2024): 116–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cts.2024.342.

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OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most malignant brain tumor in adults and remains incurable with an average survival of 15 months after diagnosis. There is great need for treatment options without side effects that are devastating to the quality of life for patients. GBM tumors can circumvent cellular damage by upregulating antioxidant production. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Highly aggressive tumors tend to exhibit increased oxidative metabolism, and thus rely on a mechanism to eliminate reactive oxygen species (ROS) in order for cells to evade autophagy and cell death. We propose tha

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4

Pirmoradi, Leila, Nayer Seyfizadeh, Saeid Ghavami, Amir A. Zeki, and Shahla Shojaei. "Targeting cholesterol metabolism in glioblastoma: a new therapeutic approach in cancer therapy." Journal of Investigative Medicine 67, no. 4 (2019): 715–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jim-2018-000962.

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Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive malignant brain tumor known with a poor survival rate despite current advances in the field of cancer. Additional research into the pathophysiology of GBM is urgently needed given the devastating nature of this disease. Recent studies have revealed the unique cellular physiology of GBM cells as compared with healthy astrocytes. Intriguingly, GBM cells are incapable of de novo cholesterol synthesis via the mevalonate pathway. Thus, the survival of GBM cells depends on cholesterol uptake via low-density lipoprotein receptors (LDLRs) in the for

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Vivithanaporn, Pornpun, Tanapan Siangcham, Varitta Tanawoot, et al. "Apoptotic and Autophagic Cell Death Effects of the Hexane Extract of Tropical Marine Algae Halymenia durvillei against Human Glioblastoma Cells: In vitro and in silico Studies." Trends in Sciences 21, no. 2 (2023): 7157. http://dx.doi.org/10.48048/tis.2024.7157.

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Glioblastoma (GBM) considered as aggressive brain cancer with high mortality rate in patients even after surgical resection. Resistant to chemotherapy is the major problem in GBM therapy. Discovery of novel bioactive compounds from algae is being investigated as alternative sources for potential treatment as well as prevention in glioblastoma. This study revealed the effects of marine red algae extract from hexane solvent fraction of Halymenia durvillei (HDHE) on proliferation and cell death in A172 human GBM cells. HDHE decreased proliferation and promoted cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase. HDH

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Samiei, Ehsan, Amir Seyfoori, Brian Toyota, Saeid Ghavami, and Mohsen Akbari. "Investigating Programmed Cell Death and Tumor Invasion in a Three-Dimensional (3D) Microfluidic Model of Glioblastoma." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 9 (2020): 3162. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21093162.

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Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a rapidly progressive and deadly form of brain tumor with a median survival rate of ~15 months. GBMs are hard to treat and significantly affect the patient’s physical and cognitive abilities and quality of life. Temozolomide (TMZ)—an alkylating agent that causes DNA damage—is the only chemotherapy choice for the treatment of GBM. However, TMZ also induces autophagy and causes tumor cell resistance and thus fails to improve the survival rate among patients. Here, we studied the drug-induced programmed cell death and invasion inhibition capacity of TMZ and a meva

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Zalenski, Abby, Miranda Tallman, Luke Kollin, and Monica Venere. "EXTH-38. TARGETING KIF11 TO RADIOSENSITIZE GLIOBLASTOMA." Neuro-Oncology 23, Supplement_6 (2021): vi171—vi172. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noab196.677.

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Abstract Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most lethal primary brain tumor, with a 5 year survival rate of only 5%. The standard of care for GBM is maximal surgical resection of the tumor, followed by irradiation and chemotherapy. Despite treatment, tumors recur in almost 100% of patients. There are subpopulations of cells in GBM that are radioresistant and chemoresistant, and new treatments will need to inclusively target these cells. KIF11 is a mitotic protein that drives bipolar spindle formation and is crucial for successful completion of mitosis. We previously reported that KIF11 is overexpressed

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8

Jiang, Michael Q., Shan Ping Yu, Takira Estaba, et al. "Reprogramming Glioblastoma Cells into Non-Cancerous Neuronal Cells as a Novel Anti-Cancer Strategy." Cells 13, no. 11 (2024): 897. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells13110897.

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Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) is an aggressive brain tumor with a high mortality rate. Direct reprogramming of glial cells to different cell lineages, such as induced neural stem cells (iNSCs) and induced neurons (iNeurons), provides genetic tools to manipulate a cell’s fate as a potential therapy for neurological diseases. NeuroD1 (ND1) is a master transcriptional factor for neurogenesis and it promotes neuronal differentiation. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that the expression of ND1 in GBM cells can force them to differentiate toward post-mitotic neurons and halt GBM tumor

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Chen, Dongjiang, Nagheme Thomas, Jie Ren, et al. "IMMU-06. TTFIELDS INDUCES IMMUNOGENIC CELL DEATH AND STING PATHWAY ACTIVATION THROUGH CYTOPLASMIC DOUBLE-STRANDED DNA IN GLIOBLASTOMA CELLS." Neuro-Oncology 21, Supplement_6 (2019): vi120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noz175.500.

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Abstract OBJECTIVES Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and deadliest malignant brain cancer in adults. Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) was approved in combination with adjuvant temozolomide chemotherapy for newly diagnosed GBM patients. The addition of TTFields resulted in a significant improvement in overall survival. TTFields are low-intensity alternating electric fields that are thought to disturb mitotic macromolecules’ assembly. In many patients, a transient stage of increased peritumoral edema is often observed early during TTFields treatment followed subsequently by objective radiog

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10

Zheng, Ping, Dabin Ren, Yu Cong, Xiaoxue Zhang, and Yisong Zhang. "Single-Cell Sequencing Reveals Necroptosis-Related Prognostic Genes of Glioblastoma." Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2023 (February 20, 2023): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/2926655.

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Background. Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the most malignant forms of brain cancer, with the extremely lower survival rate. Necroptosis (NCPS) is also one of the most wide types of cell death, and its clinical importance in GBM is not clear. Methods. We first identified necroptotic genes in GBM by single-cell RNA sequencing analysis of our surgical samples and weighted coexpression network analysis (WGNCA) from TCGA GBM data. The cox regression model with least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) was used to construct the risk model. Then, KM plot and reactive operation curve (ROC

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Braun, Sebastian, Clara Oudenaarden, Paulina Bolivar, et al. "TMIC-01. PERICYTES ORCHESTRATE A TUMOR-SUPPRESSIVE MICROENVIRONMENT BY IMPINGING ON THE CROSSTALK BETWEEN MACROPHAGES AND TUMOR-INITIATING CELLS IN GLIOBLASTOMA MULTIFORME." Neuro-Oncology 25, Supplement_5 (2023): v277—v278. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noad179.1067.

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Abstract Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is characterized by fast progression, infiltrative growth pattern and a high rate of relapse. A defining feature of GBM is the existence of spatially and functionally distinct cellular niches, i.e. a hypoxic niche, a leading-edge niche, and a peri-vascular niche, in which malignant cells engage in paracrine crosstalk with cell types comprising the tumor microenvironment, including immune cells, astrocytes, and vascular cells. Here, by analysis of single-cell transcriptomic data of human GBM and transgenic mouse models of GBM, we unexpectedly identified pe

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Ashraf, Duzan, M. Basti Mufeed, and Debinsk Waldemar. "Unveiling the Potential of Cannabis Extracts: Chemical Composition and Pharmacological Insights for Glioblastoma Therapy." Research & Reviews: Journal of Chemistry 12, no. 3 (2023): 12. https://doi.org/10.4172/2319- 9849.12.3.001.

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Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) is an aggressive and metastatic brain tumor with a low success rate in treatment, particularly in immune checkpoint-active tumors, resulting in less than three percent of patients surviving beyond five years. Targeted treatments specifically designed for GBM are urgently needed. Our studies have examined the effects of Chemovar Specific Cannabis Extractions (CSCEs), which are cannabis extracts obtained using polar solvents and analysed using Liquid column Chromatography combined with Mass Spectrometry (LC/MS). However, the complex nature of cannabis compounds has

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13

Penco-Campillo, Manon, Lijie Zhai, Prashant Bommi, et al. "CNSC-47. SENOLYTICS ERADICATE SENESCENT MICROGLIA IN THE BRAIN PARENCHYMA AND IMPROVE SURVIVAL IN OLDER ADULT MICE WITH GLIOBLASTOMA." Neuro-Oncology 26, Supplement_8 (2024): viii51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noae165.0203.

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Abstract BACKGROUND Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common aggressive primary malignant brain tumor in adults with a poor median survival rate. Despite the aggressive standard of care treatment combining surgical resection, chemo-, and radio-therapy, the median overall survival (OS) is only ~15-18 months. Progressively increasing subject age is inversely associated with GBM patient OS such that older adults tend to have significantly worse survival outcomes compared to younger counterparts. Senescent cells accumulate in the body during progressive aging and contribute to worse outcomes in older

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14

Rahmaditta, Allyssa, and Ervin Monica. "Dendritic Cells as Adjuvant Therapy to Decrease Mortality for Glioblastoma Patients: Meta-Analysis." AKSONA 3, no. 1 (2023): 31–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/aksona.v3i1.39120.

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Highlight: Dendritic cells (DC) are one type of immune therapy that is being explored to improve treatment effectiveness in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). DC was predicted to improve survival rates in GBM patients within 3 years. Effects of DC in the fifth year need to be explored to prove their. effectiveness in increasing the GBM survival rate. ABSTRACT Introduction: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a primary neoplasm of the central nervous system with a low survival rate, requiring more effective treatment to improve long-term survival. Dendritic cell (DC) therapy is expected to reduce tumo

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15

de Groot, John, Marta Penas-Prado, Kristin Alfaro-Munoz, et al. "Window-of-opportunity clinical trial of pembrolizumab in patients with recurrent glioblastoma reveals predominance of immune-suppressive macrophages." Neuro-Oncology 22, no. 4 (2019): 539–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noz185.

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Abstract Background We sought to ascertain the immune effector function of pembrolizumab within the glioblastoma (GBM) microenvironment during the therapeutic window. Methods In an open-label, single-center, single-arm phase II “window-of-opportunity” trial in 15 patients with recurrent (operable) GBM receiving up to 2 pembrolizumab doses before surgery and every 3 weeks afterward until disease progression or unacceptable toxicities occurred, immune responses were evaluated within the tumor. Results No treatment-related deaths occurred. Overall median follow-up time was 50 months. Of 14 patien

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16

Rowland, Emma, Jordan Walter, Anna Jermakowicz, Robert Suter, Rebecca Riggins, and Nagi Ayad. "Abstract 1747: Targeting metabolic and epigenetic programs to re-sensitize glioblastoma to chemotherapy." Cancer Research 83, no. 7_Supplement (2023): 1747. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-1747.

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Abstract Treatment options for glioblastoma (GBM) are limited. Prognosis remains dismal, with an 18 month on average survival rate following diagnosis due to treatment resistance and disease recurrence. The goal of this project is to investigate hallmarks of cancer progression that contribute to temozolomide (TMZ) resistance, a first tine treatment for GBM. Two signaling pathways were investigated in TMZ-sensitive and -resistant GBM cell lines and in primary and recurrent patient-derived xenograft (PDX) tumor cells by genetically and pharmacologically inhibiting methionine adenosyltransferase

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Hsu, Shih-Yuan, Zhi-Hong Wen, Po-Chang Shih, et al. "Sinularin Induces Oxidative Stress-Mediated Apoptosis and Mitochondrial Dysfunction, and Inhibits Angiogenesis in Glioblastoma Cells." Antioxidants 11, no. 8 (2022): 1433. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox11081433.

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Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a cancer of largely unknown cause that leads to a 5-year survival rate of approximately 7% in the United States. Current treatment strategies are not effective, indicating a strong need for the development of novel therapies. In this study, the outcomes of sinularin, a marine-derived product, were evaluated against GBM. Our cellular studies using GBM cells revealed that sinularin induces cell death. The measured half maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) values ranged from 30 to 6 μM at 24–72 h. Cell death was induced via the generation of ROS leading to mit

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Lee, Catherine A. A., Pallavi Banerjee, Brian J. Wilson, et al. "Targeting the ABC transporter ABCB5 sensitizes glioblastoma to temozolomide-induced apoptosis through a cell-cycle checkpoint regulation mechanism." Journal of Biological Chemistry 295, no. 22 (2020): 7774–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.ra120.013778.

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Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a malignant brain tumor with a poor prognosis resulting from tumor resistance to anticancer therapy and a high recurrence rate. Compelling evidence suggests that this is driven by subpopulations of cancer stem cells (CSCs) with tumor-initiating potential. ABC subfamily B member 5 (ABCB5) has been identified as a molecular marker for distinct subsets of chemoresistant tumor-initiating cell populations in diverse human malignancies. In the current study, we examined the potential role of ABCB5 in growth and chemoresistance of GBM. We found that ABCB5 is expressed

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Escamilla-Ramírez, Angel, Rosa A. Castillo-Rodríguez, Sergio Zavala-Vega, et al. "Autophagy as a Potential Therapy for Malignant Glioma." Pharmaceuticals 13, no. 7 (2020): 156. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph13070156.

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Glioma is the most frequent and aggressive type of brain neoplasm, being anaplastic astrocytoma (AA) and glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), its most malignant forms. The survival rate in patients with these neoplasms is 15 months after diagnosis, despite a diversity of treatments, including surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy. The resistance of GBM to various therapies is due to a highly mutated genome; these genetic changes induce a de-regulation of several signaling pathways and result in higher cell proliferation rates, angiogenesis, invasion, and a marked resistance to apoptosi

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Braun, Sebastian, Clara Oudenaarden, Paulina Bolivar, et al. "Abstract A043: Pericytes orchestrate a tumor-suppressive microenvironment by impinging on the crosstalk between macrophages and tumor-initiating cells in glioblastoma multiforme." Cancer Research 84, no. 5_Supplement_1 (2024): A043. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.brain23-a043.

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Abstract Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is characterized by fast progression, infiltrative growth pattern and a high rate of relapse. A defining feature of GBM is the existence of spatially and functionally distinct cellular niches, i.e. a hypoxic niche, a leading-edge niche, and a peri-vascular niche, in which malignant cells engage in paracrine crosstalk with cell types comprising the tumor microenvironment, including immune cells, astrocytes, and vascular cells. Here, by analysis of single-cell transcriptomic data of human GBM and transgenic mouse models of GBM, we unexpectedly identified pe

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Sharma, Pratibha, Jayeeta Ghose, Christopher Coss, Chad Bennett, Raju R. Raval та Vinay Puduvalli. "Abstract 1867: Preclinical characterization of OSU- ERb-12, a novel ERβ agonist in Glioblastoma". Cancer Research 82, № 12_Supplement (2022): 1867. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-1867.

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Abstract Background: Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive primary brain tumor, representing approximately 15% of all primary CNS malignancies. Historically, the occurrence of GBM is higher in male than in female of reproductive age. Usage of exogenous hormones are known to reduce the risk of glioma development and estrogen improves survival in a glioblastoma animal models, suggesting a potential protective role in GBM. Estrogen receptor β (ERβ) may play a role as a tumor suppressor in GBM, and interestingly its expression decreases in higher-grade tumor samples with loss of differentiatio

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Laurentino, Talita de S., Roseli da S. Soares, Antonio M. Lerario, Suely K. N. Marie, and Sueli M. Oba-Shinjo. "LOXL3 Silencing Affected Cell Adhesion and Invasion in U87MG Glioma Cells." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 15 (2021): 8072. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22158072.

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Lysyl oxidase-like 3 (LOXL3), belonging to the lysyl oxidase family, is responsible for the crosslinking in collagen or elastin. The cellular localization of LOXL3 is in the extracellular space by reason of its canonical function. In tumors, the presence of LOXL3 has been associated with genomic stability, cell proliferation, and metastasis. In silico analysis has shown that glioblastoma was among tumors with the highest LOXL3 expression levels. LOXL3 silencing of U87MG cells by siRNA led to the spreading of the tumor cell surface, and the transcriptome analysis of these cells revealed an upre

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Kuzmychova, H., E. Martell, V. Yathindranath, et al. "P10.22.B COMBINATION OF ARTS MIMETICS WITH AUTOPHAGY INHIBITORS AS A NOVEL THERAPEUTIC STRATEGY TO OVERCOME APOPTOSIS RESISTANCE IN GLIOBLASTOMA." Neuro-Oncology 25, Supplement_2 (2023): ii67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noad137.220.

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Abstract BACKGROUND Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common malignant brain tumour in adults. The current standard of care for GBM patients consists of maximal surgical resection followed by chemotherapy and radiation. Despite such an aggressive treatment approach, the average 5-year survival rate for GBM patients is approximately 5%. One of the main reasons for poor therapy response in the GBM is resistance to programmed cell death, otherwise known as apoptosis. One of the mechanisms behind apoptosis resistance relies on the upregulation of inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) which are known

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Stevers, Nicholas O., Sara A. Collins, Samuel H. Wu, Noriyuki Kasahara, and Joseph F. Costello. "Abstract 1435: A GABP dominant negative approach to targeting tumor cell immortality." Cancer Research 83, no. 7_Supplement (2023): 1435. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-1435.

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Abstract Immortality is a hallmark of human cancer cells and therapeutic reversal is of great interest. Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase promoter (TERTp) mutations reactivate TERT expression, the rate limiting step in telomerase activity and cellular immortality. While prior telomerase blocking therapies lack tumor selectivity and were poorly tolerated, TERTp mutations and their regulation offer a unique opportunity for tumor specific reversal of cellular immortality. TERTp mutations are the most common non-coding mutation across all cancers, including glioblastoma (GBM), melanoma, urothelial

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Chen, Dongjiang, Mathew Sebastian, Tarun Hutchinson, et al. "IMMU-42. DUAL ACTIVATION OF THE cGAS-STING PATHWAY AND AIM2-INDUCED PYROPTOSIS BY TUMOR-TREATING FIELDS PRODUCES ANTI-TUMOR IMMUNITY IN GLIOBLASTOMA." Neuro-Oncology 22, Supplement_2 (2020): ii113—ii114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noaa215.472.

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Abstract OBJECTIVES Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) was approved in combination with adjuvant temozolomide chemotherapy for newly diagnosed Glioblastoma (GBM) patients and resulted in a significant improvement in overall survival. TTFields are low-intensity alternating electric fields that are thought to disturb mitotic macromolecules’ assembly. In many patients, a transient stage of increased peritumoral edema is often observed early during TTFields treatment, suggesting that a major component of therapeutic efficacy by TTFields may be an immune mediated process. We hypothesize that TTFields

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Fernandez-Gil, Beatriz Irene, Carla Vazquez-Ramos, Alexandra Bechtle, et al. "DDRE-33. MELATONIN AS A MASTER METABOLIC SWITCH FOR GLIOBLASTOMA." Neuro-Oncology Advances 3, Supplement_1 (2021): i13—i14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/noajnl/vdab024.055.

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Abstract Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common form of malignant primary brain cancer in adults with a median survival of only 15 months. Therefore, new therapies to suppress malignant brain cancer are needed. Brain Tumor Initiating Cells (BTICs) are a GBM subpopulation of cells with a highly glycolytic profile that are thought to be responsible of the resistance of GBM to treatments. Metabolic reprogramming allows tumor cells to survive in unsupportive microenvironments. Manipulating tumor metabolism to counteract GBM resistance arises as a powerful approach with minimum effects in normal cou

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Baisiwala, Shivani, Miranda Saathoff, Crismita Dmello, et al. "CBIO-17. IDENTIFYING A NETWORK OF ESSENTIAL & TUMORIGENIC GENES IN GLIOBLASTOMA USING WHOLE-GENOME CRISPR Cas9 SCREENING." Neuro-Oncology 22, Supplement_2 (2020): ii19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noaa215.077.

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Abstract GBM is the most common primary malignant brain tumor in adults, with a 100% recurrence rate and a median survival of 21 months. As such, advances in therapy are desperately needed. Genomic approaches have shown that GBM has high intra-tumoral heterogeneity. However, a comprehensive understanding of determinants of growth is required to identify new therapeutic targets. CRISPR-Cas9 screening technology has enabled whole-genome screens that allow objective identification of genes governing specific phenotypes. Here, we performed a genome-wide CRISPR knockout screen in H4 human glioma ce

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Carriero, Francesca, Carolina Martinelli, Fabio Gabriele, et al. "Berberine Photo-Activation Potentiates Cytotoxicity in Human Astrocytoma Cells through Apoptosis Induction." Journal of Personalized Medicine 11, no. 10 (2021): 942. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm11100942.

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Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has recently attracted interest as an innovative and adjuvant treatment for different cancers including malignant gliomas. Among these, Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most prevalent neoplasm in the central nervous system. Despite conventional therapeutic approaches that include surgical removal, radiation, and chemotherapy, GBM is characterized by an extremely poor prognosis and a high rate of recurrence. PDT is a physical process that induces tumor cell death through the genesis and accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by light energy interaction with a

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Kim, Hyung Shik, and Dong Yun Lee. "Nanomedicine in Clinical Photodynamic Therapy for the Treatment of Brain Tumors." Biomedicines 10, no. 1 (2022): 96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10010096.

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The current treatment for malignant brain tumors includes surgical resection, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Nevertheless, the survival rate for patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) with a high grade of malignancy is less than one year. From a clinical point of view, effective treatment of GBM is limited by several challenges. First, the anatomical complexity of the brain influences the extent of resection because a fine balance must be struck between maximal removal of malignant tissue and minimal surgical risk. Second, the central nervous system has a distinct microenvironment that i

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Jung, Yeonkyu, Ann Morcos, Aaron Keniston, et al. "Abstract 2881: Comparing the effects of proton and photon therapy on promoting cancer aggressiveness in ovarian cancer and glioblastoma." Cancer Research 84, no. 6_Supplement (2024): 2881. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2024-2881.

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Abstract Ovarian cancer is the 12th most common cancer among women in the United States and the 5th leading cause of cancer-related death for women. About 80% of the patients are diagnosed at stages III or IV, classified as High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer (HGSOC). HGSOC is highly aggressive, exhibiting an 80% recurrence rate within 24 months after cancer treatment. Brain and nervous system cancer ranks as the 10th leading cause of cancer-related death in the U.S., with Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) accounting for 47.7% of all brain cancer cases. GBM is the most aggressive primary brain cancer

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Ruschel, Monique Kanitz, Isaiah Davis, Karthik Gourishetti, Christian Jacobsen, and Deepak Bhere. "Abstract 6696: Exosome delivered combinatorial therapeutic approaches for advanced brain tumors." Cancer Research 85, no. 8_Supplement_1 (2025): 6696. https://doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2025-6696.

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Abstract Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive form of brain cancer that affects over 12, 000 people each year in the United States. Current treatments such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation have limitations and can often fail to achieve full tumor remission, as the five-year survival rate for this disease is around 7%. Recent research has revealed miRNA (miR), small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression, as contributors to the suppression and progression of various cancers, including GBM. Exosomes, tiny vesicles released by cells, show great promise as a cancer therapeutic. Our re

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Faruck, Lukmanul Hakkim, Charles Day, Suraj Bhattarai, Alyssa Langfald, Edward Hinchcliffe, and James Robinson. "Abstract A012: EZH2 as a therapeutic target for glioma." Cancer Research 84, no. 5_Supplement_1 (2024): A012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.brain23-a012.

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Abstract Diffuse midline glioma (DMG), a highly aggressive pediatric brain cancer, and glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), an intractable disease, pose significant clinical challenges. DMG is characterized by a dishearteningly short median survival period of 15 months, and GBM by a low five-year survival rate of merely 6.9 percent. A critical player in these malignancies is Enhancer of zeste homologue 2 (EZH2), a subunit of the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) that catalyzes histone 3 Lysine 27 tri-methylation (H3K27Me3). This modification suppresses gene expression, orchestrating cell fate. Dy

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Zhou, Lanlan, Leiqing Zhang, Jun Zhang, Shengliang Zhang, and Wafik S. El-Deiry. "Abstract 3331: Preclinical combination of ONC206 with radiotherapy and temozolomide in a GBM mouse orthotopic model." Cancer Research 84, no. 6_Supplement (2024): 3331. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2024-3331.

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Abstract Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common form of primary malignant brain tumor in adults. It is also the most aggressive and lethal. Standard of care therapy comprises maximal safe surgical resection followed by adjuvant alkylating agent temozolomide (TMZ) and radiotherapy (RT). There have only been five drugs and one device ever approved by the FDA for the treatment of GBM. The five-year survival rate for GBM patients has shown no notable improvement in the last three decades. We previously reported that the first-in-class imipridone small-molecule Dordaviprone (ONC201) decre

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Chen, Dongjiang, Son Le, Ashley Ghiaseddin, et al. "CTIM-36. IN-SITU VACCINATION OF BIOPSY-ONLY GBM TUMORS BY TUMOR TREATING FIELDS PLUS ANTI-PD-1 IMMUNOTHERAPY RESULTS IN ROBUST ANTIGEN-SPECIFIC T CELL SELECTION AND EXPANSION, HIGH RESPONSE RATE, AND SIGNIFICANTLY EXTENDED SURVIVAL." Neuro-Oncology 26, Supplement_8 (2024): viii94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noae165.0369.

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Abstract We have recently described a complete in-situ immunizing protocol against GBM using Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) to activate the DNA sensor-dependent inflammasomes and immunogenic cell death. Here, we report successful in-situ vaccination of patients with newly diagnosed GBM, especially in those with bulky, biopsy-only tumors as compared to those with maximally resected disease, using TTFields together with pembrolizumab, an anti-PD-1 immunotherapy. Patients with biopsy-only tumors displayed a marked improvement in both progression-free survival (27.2m vs 9.6m; HR 0.37, 95%CI 0.16

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Zhou, Lanlan, Laura Jinxuan Wu, Jun Zhang, et al. "Abstract 5494: Preclinical combination of ONC201 with radiotherapy and Temozolomide in a GBM mouse orthotopic model results in reduced tumor burden and prolonged survival." Cancer Research 83, no. 7_Supplement (2023): 5494. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-5494.

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Abstract Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and lethal primary malignancy of the central nervous system. It is estimated that more than 13,000 new cases of GBM will be diagnosed this year in the United States. Despite multidisciplinary treatments such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, the five-year survival rate for GBM patients is only 6.8 percent and has shown no notable improvement in the last three decades. There have only been five drugs and one device ever approved by the FDA for the treatment of GBM since it was first identified in the scientific literature in the 1920’s. O

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Stevers, Nicholas, Sara Collins, Noriyuki Kasahara, and Joseph F. Costello. "CSIG-05. A GABP DOMINANT NEGATIVE APPROACH TO THE REVERSAL OF TUMOR IMMORTALITY." Neuro-Oncology 24, Supplement_7 (2022): vii39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noac209.154.

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Abstract Immortality is a fundamental hallmark of human cancer cells and therapeutic reversal is of great interest. Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase promoter (TERTp) mutations reactivate TERT expression, the rate limiting step in telomerase activity and cellular immortality. TERTp mutations are the most common non-coding mutation across all cancer types, including glioblastoma (GBM), oligodendroglioma, medulloblastoma, and high-grade meningioma. While prior telomerase therapies lack tumor selectivity and are poorly tolerated, TERTp mutations and their regulation offer a unique opportunity for

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Litak, Jakub, Marek Mazurek, Cezary Grochowski, Piotr Kamieniak, and Jacek Roliński. "PD-L1/PD-1 Axis in Glioblastoma Multiforme." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 21 (2019): 5347. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20215347.

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Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most popular primary central nervous system cancer and has an extremely expansive course. Aggressive tumor growth correlates with short median overall survival (OS) oscillating between 14 and 17 months. The survival rate of patients in a three-year follow up oscillates around 10%. The interaction of the proteins programmed death-1 (PD-1) and programmed cell death ligand (PD-L1) creates an immunoregulatory axis promoting invasion of glioblastoma multiforme cells in the brain tissue. The PD-1 pathway maintains immunological homeostasis and protects against autoimmunity.

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Andor, Noemi, Jill Barnholtz-Sloan, and Hanlee Ji. "COMP-01. MODELING THE EVOLUTION OF PLOIDY IN A RESOURCE RESTRICTED ENVIRONMENT." Neuro-Oncology 21, Supplement_6 (2019): vi61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noz175.244.

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Abstract Progression of lower-grade gliomas (LGG) to glioblastoma (GBM) is accompanied by a phenotypic switch to an invasive cell phenotype. Converging evidence from colorectal-, breast-, and lung-cancers, suggests a strong enrichment of high ploidy cells among metastatic lesions as compared to the primary. Even in normal development: trophoblast giant cells are responsible for invading the placenta during embryogenesis and these cells often have tens of copies of the genome. We formulate a mechanistic Grow-or-go model that postulates higher energy demands of high-ploidy cells as driver of inv

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Katira, Parag, Frederika Rentzeperis, Richard Beck, et al. "NEIM-08 MODELING COMPETITION BETWEEN SUBPOPULATIONS WITH VARIABLE DNA CONTENT IN RESOURCE LIMITED MICROENVIRONMENTS." Neuro-Oncology Advances 5, Supplement_3 (2023): iii16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/noajnl/vdad070.059.

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Abstract Resource limitations shape the outcome of competitions between heterogeneous pre-malignant cells. One example of such heterogeneity is in the ploidy (DNA content) of pre-malignant cells. High-ploidy cells need more resources, to synthesize increasing amounts of DNA, RNA and proteins. To model how subpopulations with variable DNA-content compete in the resource limited environment of the human brain we developed a stochastic state-space model of the brain (S3MB). The model discretizes the brain into voxels, whereby the state of each voxel is defined by 8+ variables that are updated ove

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Gilbert, M. R., M. Wang, K. Aldape, et al. "RTOG 0625: A phase II study of bevacizumab with irinotecan in recurrent glioblastoma (GBM)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 27, no. 15_suppl (2009): 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.2011.

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2011 Background: Angiogenesis is a hallmark of GBM, making the tumor vasculature an attractive therapeutic target. In gliomas, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) promotes both angiogenesis and invasion of tumor cells. Bevacizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody against VEGF-A that rapidly reduces the concentration of VEGF in the circulation. Irinotecan may enhance efficacy by synergistic tumor endothelial cell death or improved tumor delivery of the chemotherapy via “normalized” tumor vasculature. Prior studies of this combination demonstrated high radiographic response and 6-month p

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Kuo, Jinn-Rung, Yuh-Ming Chang, Yen-Min Huang, et al. "Taxifolin Inhibits the Proliferation of Glioblastoma Multiforme Cells via Apoptosis and Autophagy." Current Topics in Nutraceutical Research 22, no. 1 (2023): 366–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.37290/ctnr2641-452x.22:366-372.

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Glioblastoma multiforme is the most malignant tumor in the central nervous system. As a result of its high recurrence rate, drug resistance, and distal metastasis, the 5-year survival rate of glioblastoma multiforme patients is only around 5%. Taxifolin, a polyphenol from traditional Chinese medicine, exerts antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor properties. This study aimed to explore the molecular mechanisms of taxifolin on the proliferation of glioblastoma multiforme. Taxifolin mitigated the viability of GBM 8901 cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Flow cytometry analysis by

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Bagley, Stephen, Arati Desai, Zev Binder, et al. "RBTT-12. A PHASE I STUDY OF EGFRVIII-DIRECTED CAR T CELLS COMBINED WITH PD-1 INHIBITION IN PATIENTS WITH NEWLY, DIAGNOSED, MGMT-UNMETHYLATED GLIOBLASTOMA: TRIAL IN PROGRESS." Neuro-Oncology 21, Supplement_6 (2019): vi221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noz175.923.

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Abstract BACKGROUND This study builds on the results of the University of Pennsylvania sponsored phase I study of a single peripheral infusion of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells targeting epidermal growth factor receptor variant III (EGFRvIII) in recurrent glioblastoma (GBM) (NCT02209376). A dose of 5x108 CART-EGFRvIII cells was safe, and the cells were able to expand in the host and reach the GBM tumor in the brain. In addition, there was no cross-reactivity of CART-EGFRvIII cells with wild-type EGFR normally expressed by human tissues. Some patients required tumor resection after CAR

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Jarmuzek, Pawel, Marcin Kot, Piotr Defort, et al. "Prognostic Values of Combined Ratios of White Blood Cells in Glioblastoma: A Retrospective Study." Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 12 (2022): 3397. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11123397.

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In some malignant tumours, the changes in neutrophil counts in relation to other blood cells are connected with unfavourable prognosis. Nevertheless, the prognostic value of the combinations of the haematological components in glioblastoma (GBM) remains under dispute. The clinical significance of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), systemic immune inflammation index (SII), and systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) was investigated in our study. We retrospectively studied 358 patients (males n = 195; females n = 163) aged 59.9 ± 13.5 yrs with newly diagnosed glioma and admitted to t

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Zhou, Lanlan, Shengliang Zhang, and Wafik S. El-Deiry. "Abstract 6901: Imipridones (ONC201, ONC206 and ONC212) modulate MGMT and ClpX expression in DIPG cell lines." Cancer Research 85, no. 8_Supplement_1 (2025): 6901. https://doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2025-6901.

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Abstract The first-in-class small-molecule imipridone ONC201/Dordaviprone targets mitochondrial protease ClpP to disrupt oxidative phosphorylation and trigger integrated stress response (ISR), TRAIL/DR5, and tumor cell death. ONC201 and analog ONC206 and ONC212 are blood-brain barrier penetrant. Temozolomide (TMZ) is an oral alkylating agent that is generally well tolerated. Epigenetic transcriptional silencing of O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) mediated by MGMT gene promoter methylation is associated with response to TMZ treatment. TMZ has been used in combination with Radiation

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Agrawal, Manas Yogendra, Sharavan Ramachandran, Carson Zabel, and Sanjay K. Srivastava. "Abstract 4873: Pimavanserin suppresses glioblastoma progression by modulating the Akt/FOXO/Bim signaling axis." Cancer Research 83, no. 7_Supplement (2023): 4873. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-4873.

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Abstract Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a highly aggressive grade IV malignant brain tumor with an average survival time of around 15 months; and a 5-year survival rate of 5%. Drug resistance, blood brain barrier (BBB) impermeability, and drug toxicity are some caveats in treating this malignancy. Current chemotherapeutic agents fail to address these challenges. In this study, we aim to repurpose an FDA-approved anti-psychotic agent Pimavanserin Tartrate (PVT), for the treatment of GBM and further delineate its mechanism. To unravel the oncolytic effects of PVT, cytotoxicity assay on several

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Liu, Huimin, Wei Liu, Ru Li, et al. "Safety and Efficacy of GBC/GBM Conditioning Regimen Followed By Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation in Lymphoid Malignancies." Blood 136, Supplement 1 (2020): 14–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2020-138774.

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Objective: To investigate the safety and efficacy of high-dose infusional gemcitabine combined with busulfan and cyclophosphamide (GBC) or melphalan (GBM) followed by autologous stem-cell transplantation (ASCT) in lymphoid malignancies. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 73 and 21 patients of lymphoma, who received GBC and GBM conditioning regimen with ASCT respectively in our center from May 2017 to April 2020. Gemcitabine (600mg·m-2·h-1×3h) was given on day -7 and -3, busulfan (105mg/ m2) from day -7 to -5, followed by cyclophosphamide (50mg/kg) or melphelan (60mg/m2) from day -3 to -2. Au

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Charalambous, Christiana, Florence M. Hofman, and Thomas C. Chen. "Functional and phenotypic differences between glioblastoma multiforme—derived and normal human brain endothelial cells." Journal of Neurosurgery 102, no. 4 (2005): 699–705. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.2005.102.4.0699.

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Object. Glioblastomas multiforme (GBMs) are hypervascular tumors characterized by endothelial cell (EC) proliferation. There is increasing evidence that ECs that infiltrate systemic tumors are different from normal blood vessel cells; whether this difference is seen in the central nervous system between GBM and normal brain tissue is not known. The goal of this investigation was to characterize and compare the functional and phenotypic properties of GBM-associated ECs and normal brain ECs. Methods. Human ECs were isolated from fresh tissue specimens, purified using flow cytometry, and characte

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Litten, Jason Blair, Aravind Ramakrishnan, Stephanie H. Astrow, Cassandra Harrison, Alex Aliki, and Behnam Badie. "Phase 1b multicenter study to evaluate CHM 1101 in patients with recurrent or progressive glioblastoma." Journal of Clinical Oncology 41, no. 16_suppl (2023): TPS2086. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2023.41.16_suppl.tps2086.

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TPS2086 Background: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and most aggressive primary brain tumor. More than 300,000 new cases are diagnosed globally with over 250,000 deaths each year (Sung H, et al. CA Cancer J Clin. 2021). Patients with recurrent GBM have a poor prognosis, with limited treatment options and a median survival of less than 1 year (Gallego. Curr Oncol, 2015). While prior attempts to treat GBM with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells have been limited by tumor heterogeneity, chlorotoxin (CLTX)-directed CAR T-cells in mice demonstrated broad anti-tumor activity an

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Riess, Christin, Katharina del Moral, Adina Fiebig, et al. "HGG-13. Combined CDK inhibition and arginine-deprivation as targeted therapy for arginine-auxotrophic glioblastoma multiforme cells." Neuro-Oncology 24, Supplement_1 (2022): i62—i63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noac079.228.

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Abstract INTRODUCTION/BACKGROUND: Glioblastoma multiforme show constitutive activation of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) or arginine auxotrophy. This renders tumor cells vulnerable towards arginine-depleting substances, such as arginine deiminase from Streptococcus pyogenes (SpyADI). Previously, we confirmed the susceptibility of patient-derived GBM cells towards administration of SpyADI as well as CDK inhibitors (CDKis). To improve effects, we applied a sequential (SEQ) CDKi/SpyADI approach to examine mechanistic insights and drug susceptibility. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Three arginine-auxotro

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Zhang, Wenjuan, Rachael Vaubel, Juhee Oh, et al. "Abstract B025: How much is enough? BI-907828: a MDM2-p53 antagonist with limited BBB penetration but potent efficacy in glioblastoma." Cancer Research 84, no. 5_Supplement_1 (2024): B025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.brain23-b025.

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Abstract Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly aggressive and infiltrative primary malignant brain tumor. Current standard-of-care for newly diagnosed GBM patients includes maximal safe surgical resection, followed by concurrent radiation with temozolomide (TMZ), and adjuvant TMZ chemotherapy. However, despite aggressive treatments, GBM patients have a poor prognosis, with a median survival of 14.6 months and a 5-year survival rate of 6.8%. The p53 protein is a critical tumor suppressor in the cell cycle. The expression level of p53 is tightly controlled by its negative regulator, murine double minut

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