Relevant bibliographies by topics / Cellular plastic

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Cellular plastic'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 14 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Cellular plastic"

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Wang, Yung-Li, Yu-Hsuan Lee, I.-Jen Chiu, Yuh-Feng Lin, and Hui-Wen Chiu. "Potent Impact of Plastic Nanomaterials and Micromaterials on the Food Chain and Human Health." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 5 (March 3, 2020): 1727. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21051727.

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Plastic products are inexpensive, convenient, and are have many applications in daily life. We overuse plastic-related products and ineffectively recycle plastic that is difficult to degrade. Plastic debris can be fragmented into smaller pieces by many physical and chemical processes. Plastic debris that is fragmented into microplastics or nanoplastics has unclear effects on organismal systems. Recently, this debris was shown to affect biota and to be gradually spreading through the food chain. In addition, studies have indicated that workers in plastic-related industries develop many kinds of cancer because of chronic exposure to high levels of airborne microplastics. Microplastics and nanoplastics are everywhere now, contaminating our water, air, and food chain. In this review, we introduce a classification of plastic polymers, define microplastics and nanoplastics, identify plastics that contaminate food, describe the damage and diseases caused by microplastics and nanoplastics, and the molecular and cellular mechanisms of this damage and disease as well as solutions for their amelioration. Thus, we expect to contribute to the understanding of the effects of microplastics and nanoplastics on cellular and molecular mechanisms and the ways that the uptake of microplastics and nanoplastics are potentially dangerous to our biota. After understanding the issues, we can focus on how to handle the problems caused by plastic overuse.
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Ripken, Christina, Konstantin Khalturin, and Eiichi Shoguchi. "Response of Coral Reef Dinoflagellates to Nanoplastics under Experimental Conditions Suggests Downregulation of Cellular Metabolism." Microorganisms 8, no. 11 (November 9, 2020): 1759. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8111759.

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Plastic products contribute heavily to anthropogenic pollution of the oceans. Small plastic particles in the microscale and nanoscale ranges have been found in all marine ecosystems, but little is known about their effects upon marine organisms. In this study, we examine changes in cell growth, aggregation, and gene expression of two symbiotic dinoflagellates of the family Symbiodiniaceae, Symbiodinium tridacnidorum (clade A3), and Cladocopium sp. (clade C) under exposure to 42-nm polystyrene beads. In laboratory experiments, the cell number and aggregation were reduced after 10 days of nanoplastic exposure at 0.01, 0.1, and 10 mg/L concentrations, but no clear correlation with plastic concentration was observed. Genes involved in dynein motor function were upregulated when compared to control conditions, while genes related to photosynthesis, mitosis, and intracellular degradation were downregulated. Overall, nanoplastic exposure led to more genes being downregulated than upregulated and the number of genes with altered expression was larger in Cladocopium sp. than in S. tridacnidorum, suggesting different sensitivity to nano-plastics between species. Our data show that nano-plastic inhibits growth and alters aggregation properties of microalgae, which may negatively affect the uptake of these indispensable symbionts by coral reef organisms.
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Laternser, Ralf, Hans-Peter Ga¨nser, Lars Taenzer, and Alexander Hartmaier. "Chip Formation in Cellular Materials." Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology 125, no. 1 (December 31, 2002): 44–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1526126.

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The constitutive behavior of cellular materials like wood, especially with respect to the plastic and fracture mechanical properties, differs significantly from that of “classical” materials like steel. From this point of view, it appears interesting to investigate a process like chip formation, where both plasticity and fracture intervene. Finite element simulations of such a process are performed using an elastoplastic constitutive model for isotropic foams to describe the material, and a cohesive zone model to describe the crack. The repartition of the cutting force into the components required for the elasto-plastic deformation of the material and for crack opening is obtained.
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Winter, W. "Multi-axial plastic strain rates in cellular bone based on a plastic potential." Journal of Biomechanics 39 (January 2006): S7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0021-9290(06)82890-3.

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Farber, Nimrod, Josef Haik, Alon Liran, Oren Weissman, and Eyal Winkler. "Third generation cellular multimedia teleconsultations in plastic surgery." Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare 17, no. 4 (April 20, 2011): 199–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/jtt.2010.100604.

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Box, F., R. Bowman, and T. Mullin. "Dynamic compression of elastic and plastic cellular solids." Applied Physics Letters 103, no. 15 (October 7, 2013): 151909. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4824845.

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Koritsina, M. V., G. A. Migunov, and A. S. Rozovskii. "Reduction of the flammability of cellular plastic FRP." Chemical and Petroleum Engineering 27, no. 7 (July 1991): 390–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01262671.

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Dement'ev, A. G., O. G. Tarakanov, and P. I. Seliverstov. "Strength of foam plastic with interpenetrating cellular structures." Mechanics of Composite Materials 20, no. 6 (1985): 712–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00617381.

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Bouwhuis, B. A., E. Bele, and G. D. Hibbard. "Plastic Hinging Collapse of Periodic Cellular Truss Cores." Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A 39, no. 10 (July 15, 2008): 2329–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11661-008-9590-6.

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Noor Hasanah, T. I. T., D. C. Wijeyesekera, Ismail bin Bakar, and Wahab Saidin. "New Lightweight Construction Material: Cellular Mat Using Recycled Plastic." Key Engineering Materials 594-595 (December 2013): 503–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.594-595.503.

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Applications of lightweight construction materials enable the design and construction in challenging, difficult and demanding scenarios. Construction materials with enhanced stiffness as in sandwich panels, large portable structures and floating foundations are examples of such materials. The advent of cellular structure technology has actively introduced innovation and enabled design and construction, meeting engineering requirements such as in the construction of the body of air crafts. Cellular mat structures present in the minimum, triple benefits in being lightweight, load sharing and minimising non-uniform deformation. This paper further explores the use of recycled plastic waste as the base material for an innovative geomaterial. The combination of cellular structure, mat structure and use of recycled waste material is a desirable development in manufacturing. Paper also outlines the techno social benefit of adopting such material in construction. Other application-specific benefits related to cellular mats are those like noise reduction, energy absorption, thermal insulation, mechanical damping. This paper specifically presents the development of a new multifunctional lightweight material is been proposed as an invective innovation for highway construction on challenging ground condition.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Cellular plastic"

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Stone, Robert Michael 1957. "Shear modulii for cellular foam materials." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/277020.

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The use of cellular foam as a core material in light-weight structural applications is of considerable interest. However, advances in this technology have been limited due to the lack of information concerning the macroscopic material behavior of cellular foams. Of particular interest in the design of composite structures is the shear modulus, G, of the core material, which must be established with a high degree of accuracy. Current ASTM test methods for shear modulus determination were researched and found inadequate for testing cellular foam materials. The difficulty in testing foam and the inaccuracies associated with the standard test methods established the need for the development of a test method for these materials. The test method (test fixture and test procedure) developed for cellular foam materials is presented. The design of the test fixture and the finite element analysis performed to determine fixture accuracy are discussed in detail. Additionally, the test procedure is presented, as well as the results for the 32 tests performed.
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Qian, Ming. "Coupled finite element and cellular automata simulations of plastic flow and microstructural evolution." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.445874.

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Lin, Wing Shan Linda. "Effect of moisture and other volatiles on the cellular structure of plastic/wood-fiber composite foams." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/MQ63121.pdf.

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Shen, Ninggang. "Microstructure prediction of severe plastic deformation manufacturing processes for metals." Diss., University of Iowa, 2018. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/6282.

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The objective of the research presented in this thesis has been to develop a physics-based dislocation density-based numerical framework to simulate microstructure evolution in severe plastic deformation (SPD) manufacturing processes for different materials. Different mechanisms of microstructure evolution in SPD manufacturing processes were investigated and summarized for different materials under dynamic or high strain rates over a wide temperature range. Thorough literature reviews were performed to clarify discrepancies of the mechanism responsible for the formation of nanocrystalline structure in the machined surface layer under both low-temperature and high-temperature conditions. Under this framework, metallo-thermo-mechanically (MTM) coupled finite element (FE) models were developed to predict the microstructure evolution during different SPD manufacturing processes. Different material flow stress responses were modeled subject to responsible plastic deformation mechanisms. These MTM coupled FE models successfully captured the microstructure evolution process for various materials subjected to multiple mechanisms. Cellular automaton models were developed for SPD manufacturing processes under intermediate to high strain rates for the first time to simulate the microstructure evolution subjected to discontinuous dynamic recrystallization and thermally driven grain growth. The cellular automaton simulations revealed that the recrystallization process usually cannot be completed by the end of the plastic deformation under intermediate to high strain rates. The completion of the recrystallization process during the cooling stage after the plastic deformation process was modeled for the first time for SPD manufacturing processes at elevated temperatures.
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Jardemyr, Pernilla, and Sally Touma. "Tillämpning av högpresterande isolering : PIR-isolering - ett effektivt isoleringsmaterial." Thesis, KTH, Byggteknik och design, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-136821.

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Högpresterande isolering är en typ av material som finns tillgängligt men inte används på den svenska marknaden i den utsträckning som de bör göra. I denna rapport kommer det högpresterande isoleringsmaterialet PIR att ligga i fokus och det jämförs främst med det traditionella isoleringsmaterialet cellplast men paralleller dras även till mineralullen. PIR- isoleringen har 40 % bättre värmekonduktivitet än cellplasten och detta innebär att materialet har bättre isoleringsförmåga som bidrar till tunnare konstruktioner. Isoleringen är därför idealiskt att använda för passiv-, lågenergi och nollenergihus. En annan egenskap som utmärker PIR- isoleringen är dess brandegenskaper som uppfyller en högre brandklass än cellplasten, trots att det är ett plastmaterial. PIR- isoleringen är ett dyrare material, dock sparas pengar in redan vid produktion då fukt- och vindskydd kan uteslutas i en konstruktion. Om högre energikrav ska uppfyllas kan pengar även sparas in på sikt genom lägre energikostnader.
High performance insulation is a type of material that is available but has not been used at the Swedish market as it should have. In this rapport the high performance insulation material PIR will be the major subject. This material will be compared to the traditional insulation material cellular plastic; parallels will also be drawn to the mineral fiber. PIR- insulation has 40 % better thermal conductivity than the cellular plastic and means that the material has a better insulation ability, which leads to a thinner construction. This insulation is therefore ideal for use in passive-, low-energy- and zero-energy houses. Another property that makes PIR- insulation stand out is its fire resistant capacity which fulfill a higher fire class than the cellular plastic, despite that it also is a plastic material. PIR-insulation is a more expensive material; however, money can be saved during production when moisture and wind protection can be excluded. If a building has a higher energy requirement money can be saved over time trough lower energy costs.
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Tell, Emma, and Oskar Jansson. "Fuktproblem i putsade fasader : Enstegstätade ytterväggar utsatta för slagregn." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för ekonomi, samhälle och teknik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-32424.

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One purpose of this work was to examine if a modification of the exterior insulation finishing system can lower the number of outer walls damaged by damp. The modification is the cut of the cellular plastic which is 45 degrees instead of a horizontal cut. One other purpose was; is cellular plastic or mineral wool better as insulation to minimize the dampness in this type of outer walls? A third purpose was to examine if there is any difference of dampness in the outer walls if using a gravel bed or concrete stones next to the outer wall. To examine these three purposes a laboratory experiment with three test walls with an exterior insulation finishing system was built. The difference between the three walls was the insulation. One wall was built with mineral wool with a horizontal cut, one with cellular plastic with a horizontal cut and the third with cellular plastic with a cut of 45 degrees. Simulations of pelting rain and measurements of dampness were carried out for 21 days. The measurements were taken at the same time every evening. After 21 days small samples of tree from the walls was weight, dried in an oven and then weight again to get the quantity of moisture in the samples before they were dried. A diffusion calculation of two outer walls, one with cellular plastic and one with mineral wool, was completed to examine the difference between the relative humidity in the walls. An identical calculation without a plastic film was executed too. The result of the calculations showed a minimal difference in the walls built with a plastic film. When the film was removed the result presented critical values. The result of the laboratory experiment indicates that the test wall with the cut of 45 degrees is better than the walls with a horizontal cut of the insulation. The differences were minimal but possible to read. Some critical, too high, values regarding the moisture content in wood were found and they came from the sills in the walls that had insulation with horizontal cuts. Of the two insulation types the result of calculations and laboratory experiment shows a minimal difference but they both indicates a better result for the mineral wool. The conclusion of this work indicates that cellular plastic with a 45 degree cut is slightly better than the horizontal cut. The comparison of cellular plastic and mineral wool indicates that the mineral wool is better. Another conclusion of this work is that the material on the ground next to the outer wall did not alter the dampness in the wall.
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Lee, Delphine Juihoa. ""Naked" plasmid DNA vaccines : cellular roles and applications /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p9944207.

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Maple, Jodi. "The molecular and cellular characterisation of plastid division proteins in Arabidopsis." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/29732.

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In plants an integral part of chloroplast development is division, as they are not created de novo but arise by binary fission from pre-existing plastids in the cytosol. Because of plastids prokaryotic origin bacterial cell division has been successfully used as a paradigm for plastid division. This has resulted in the identification of the key plastid division components Ftsz, MinD and MinE. Recent efforts in the cloning of the disrupted loci in several of the accumulation and replication of chloroplasts mutants has further revealed that the division of plastids is controlled by a combination of prokaryote-derived and host eukaryote-derived proteins residing not only in the plastid stroma but also in the cytoplasm. Despite the recent characterisation of several new plastid division components very little is known about how these components function to bring about the event of chloroplast division. This study aims to increase our understanding of the chloroplast division processes through the identification of new components and the detailed functional analysis of known stromal chloroplast division components. The identification of GIANT CHLOROPLAST 1 (GC1), a new nuclear-encoded protein essential for correct plastid division in Arabidopsis, is described, in addition to the use of yeast-two hybrids screens to identify novel plastid division components. Furthermore potential protein-protein interactions between all known stromal plastid division proteins are analysed using a combination of techniques and an intraplastidic protein-protein interaction map of plastid division proteins in Arabidopsis is presented. Based on data derived from this Map one stromal plastid division component, AtMinE1, is analysed in further detail to begin to dissect the mechanism by which the Min proteins function in Arabidopsis to mediate the correct placement of the division site.
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Punyamurthula, Deepthi. "Structural performance of low-profile FRP composite celluar modules." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2005. https://etd.wvu.edu/etd/controller.jsp?moduleName=documentdata&jsp%5FetdId=3815.

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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2005
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xi, 91 p. : ill. (some col.) Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 83-85).
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Salje, Jeanne Sophie. "A molecular and cellular study of the ParMRC plasmid partition system." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.608678.

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Books on the topic "Cellular plastic"

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Kajastila, Riitta. Fire tests on coverings with a substrate of cellular plastics. Espoo: Technical Research Centre of Finland, 1989.

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Horvath, John S. Development of the North American market for rigid cellular polysterene as geofoam geosynthetic. Scarsdale, N.Y: Horvath Engineering, 1994.

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Symposium on Cellular Metals and Polymers (2004 Fürth, Germany). Cellular metals and polymers: CMaP : proceedings of the Symposium on Cellular Metals and Polymers : sponsored by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) : held October 12-14, 2004, in Fürth, Germany. Uetikon-Zuerich, Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2005.

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Lin, Wing Shan Linda. effect of moisture and other volatiles on the cellular structure of plastic/wood-fiber composite foams. Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 2001.

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Masing, Tatjana E. Cellular localization of heat shock gene expression in rabbit cerebellum and retina by in situ hybridization with plastic-embedded tissue. Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 1990.

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Hilyard, N. C., and A. Cunningham, eds. Low density cellular plastics. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1256-7.

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Hilyard, N. C. Low density cellular plastics: Physical basis of behaviour. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1994.

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Kokko, Erkki. Aging of cellular plastic insulations. 1995.

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(Editor), R. F. Singer, C. Korner (Editor), V. Altstadt (Editor), and H. Munstedt (Editor), eds. Cellular Metals And Polymers 2004. Trans Tech Publications, 2005.

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Cellular and microcellular materials: Presented at 1994 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, Chicago, Illinois, November 6-11, 1994. New York, N.Y: American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1994.

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Book chapters on the topic "Cellular plastic"

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Gooch, Jan W. "Cellular Plastic." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 127. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_2097.

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Cwykiel, Joanna, Ewa Bryndza Tfaily, and Maria Z. Siemionow. "Cellular Therapies in Nerve Regeneration." In Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 637–44. London: Springer London, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-6335-0_76.

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Klimczak, Aleksandra, and Arkadiusz Jundzill. "Cellular Therapies in Vascularized Composite Allograft." In Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 617–27. London: Springer London, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-6335-0_74.

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Cwykiel, Joanna, and Greg J. Kwiecien. "Cellular Therapies in Post-radiation Syndrome." In Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 629–36. London: Springer London, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-6335-0_75.

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Klimczak, Aleksandra, and Maria Z. Siemionow. "Cellular Therapies in Vascularized Composite Allograft: Review." In Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 569–79. London: Springer London, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-6335-0_70.

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Klimczak, Aleksandra. "Cellular Therapies via Vascularized Bone Marrow Transplantation." In Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 605–16. London: Springer London, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-6335-0_73.

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Cwykiel, Joanna, and Maria Z. Siemionow. "Cellular Therapy Models: Ex Vivo Chimera Model by Cell Fusion." In Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 593–603. London: Springer London, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-6335-0_72.

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Steck, Elmar, and Hanfried W. Hesselbarth. "Simulation of Dislocation Pattern Formation by Cellular Automata." In Anisotropy and Localization of Plastic Deformation, 175–78. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3644-0_41.

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Sotiropoulos, Sotiris N., and Hota V. S. GangaRao. "Design and Evaluation of First Multi-Cellular Fiber Reinforced Plastic Building." In Research Transformed into Practice, 62–70. New York, NY: American Society of Civil Engineers, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784400944.ch06.

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Alexander, Robert W. "Adipose Tissue Complex (ATC): Cellular and Biocellular Uses of Stem/Stromal Cells and Matrix in Cosmetic Plastic, Reconstructive Surgery and Regenerative Medicine." In Regenerative Medicine and Plastic Surgery, 45–69. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-19962-3_5.

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Conference papers on the topic "Cellular plastic"

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Tian, Giselle (Yunxian), Harvey Lui, Jianhua Zhao, Zhenguo Wu, Sunil Kalia, Vincent Richer, InSeok Seo, Hao Ouyang, and Haishan Zeng. "Tracking cellular dynamics of human skin responses to UV exposure using in vivo multimodal microscopy (Conference Presentation)." In Photonics in Dermatology and Plastic Surgery 2019, edited by Bernard Choi and Haishan Zeng. SPIE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2513734.

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YARBROUGH, DAVID W., and MICHEL P. DROUIN. "Long-Term Thermal Resistance of Thin Cellular Plastic Insulations." In Thermal Conductivity 33/Thermal Expansion 21. Lancaster, PA: DEStech Publications, Inc., 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.12783/tc33-te21/30340.

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Ajdari, Amin, Hamid Nayeb-Hashemi, and Paul K. Canavan. "Effect of Defect on Elastic-Plastic and Creep Behavior of Cellular Materials." In ASME 2007 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2007-42056.

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Cellular solids, such as foams, are widely used in engineering applications. In these applications, it is important to know their mechanical properties and the variation of these properties with the presence of defects. Several models have been proposed to obtain the mechanical properties of cellular materials. However, some of these models are based on idealized unit cell structures, and are not suitable for finding the mechanical properties of cellular materials with defects. Furthermore, the creep response changes in cellular solids when the exposed temperature is higher than 1/3 of the material’s melting temperature. The objective of this work is to understand the effect of missing walls and filled cells on mechanical and creep behavior of both the regular hexagonal and non-periodic Voronoi structures using finite element analysis. The finite element analysis showed that on average the non periodic structures have inferior mechanical properties compared to that of the regular hexagonal structures with the same relative density. The yield stress of Voronoi structures had a mean of 27% lower compared to that of the hexagonal structure with the same relative densities. Defects, introduced by removing cell walls at random locations, caused a sharp decrease in the effective mechanical properties of both Voronoi and periodic hexagonal honeycombs. However, our results indicated that elastic properties of Voronoi Structures are more sensitive to missing walls when compared to those of regular honeycomb structures. The yield strength of Voronoi and regular honeycombs exhibited the similar sensitivity to cell wall removal. For creep analysis, the results suggest that removal of struts dramatically increases the creep rate. In the case of filled cells, regular honeycomb structures showed less sensitivity to the defect compared to Voronoi structures. The overall elastic modulus of the structure increased by 11% when 5% of cells were filled in regular hexagonal honeycombs while for Voronoi structure it had more significant effect (22% increase). The results also show that filled cell did not have a significant effect on yield strength of the regular and Voronoi structures.
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Haonan Liang, Hao Wei, Tian Zhang, and Jida Huang. "The simulation of marine plastic debris distribution based on cellular automata." In 2010 International Conference on Computer Application and System Modeling (ICCASM 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccasm.2010.5623217.

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Aniszewska, Dorota, and Marek Rybaczuk. "Modelling elastic and plastic material properties with the movable cellular automata." In 11TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF NUMERICAL ANALYSIS AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS 2013: ICNAAM 2013. AIP, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4825974.

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Atreya, V., C. Bos, and M. Santofimia. "Cellular Automata Modeling of Plastic Deformation in Ferrite During Martensite Formation in Dual-Phase Steels." In SteelSim 2019. AIST, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.33313/503/078.

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Guo, Lianshui, Charles L. Penninger, John E. Renaud, and Andre´s Tovar. "Strain-Based Topology Optimization for Crashworthiness Using Hybrid Cellular Automata." In ASME 2009 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2009-86348.

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Structural design for crashworthiness is a challenging area of research due to large plastic deformations and complex interactions among diverse components of the vehicle. Previous research in this field primarily focused on energy absorbing structures that utilize a desired amount of material. These structures have been shown to absorb a large amount of the kinetic energy generated during the crash event; however, the large plastic strains experienced can lead to failure. This research introduces a new strain-based topology optimization algorithm for crash-worthy structures undergoing large deformations. This technique makes use of the hybrid cellular automaton framework combining transient, non-linear finite-element analysis and local control rules acting on cells. The set of all cells defines the design domain. In the proposed algorithm, the design domain is dynamically divided into two sub-domains for different objectives, i.e., high strain sub-domain (HSSD) and low strain sub-domain (LSSD). The distribution of these sub-domains is determined by a plastic strain limit value. During the design process, the material is distributed within the LSSD following a fully-internal-energy-distribution principle. To accomplish that, each cell in the LSSD is driven to a prescribed target or set point value by modifying its stiffness. In the HSSD, the material is distributed to satisfy a failure criterion given by a maximum strain value. Results show that the new formulation and algorithm are suitable for practical applications. The case studies demonstrate the potential significance of the new capability developed for a wide range of engineering design problems.
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8

Samanta, Avik, Ninggang Shen, Haipeng Ji, Weiming Wang, Hongtao Ding, and Jingjing Li. "Simulations of Microstructure Evolution During Friction Stir Blind Riveting Using a Cellular Automaton Method." In ASME 2017 12th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference collocated with the JSME/ASME 2017 6th International Conference on Materials and Processing. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2017-3034.

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Friction stir blind riveting (FSBR) is a novel and highly efficient joining technique for lightweight metal materials, such as aluminum alloys. The FSBR process induced large gradients of plastic deformation near the rivet hole surface and resulted in a distinctive gradient microstructure in this domain. In this study, microstructural analysis is conducted to analyze the final microstructure after the FSBR process. Dynamic recrystallization (DRX) is determined as the dominant microstructure evolution mechanism due to the significant heat generation during the process. To better understand the FSBR process, a two-dimensional Cellular Automaton (CA) model is developed to simulate the microstructure evolution near the rivet hole surface by considering the FSBR process loading condition. To model the significant microstructure change near the rivet hole surface, spatial distributed temporal thermal and mechanical loading conditions are applied to simulate the effect of the large gradient plastic deformation near the hole surface. The distribution grain topography and recrystallization fraction are obtained through the simulations, which agree well with the experimental data. This study presents a reliable numerical approach to model and simulate microstructure evolution governed by DRX under the large plastic deformation gradient in FSBR.
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Ajdari, A., P. K. Canavan, H. Nayeb-Hashemi, and G. Warner. "Effect of Defect on Elastic/Plastic and Creep Behavior of Bone: A Finite Element Study." In ASME 2007 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2007-175843.

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Three-dimensional structure of trabecular bone can be modeled by 2D or 3D Voronoi structure. The effect of missing cell walls on the mechanical properties of 2D honeycombs is a first step towards understanding the effect of local bone resorption due to osteoporosis. In patients with osteoporosis, bone mass is lost first by thinning and then by resorption of the trabeculae [1]. Furthermore, creep response is important to analyze in cellular solids when the temperature is high relative to the melting temperature. For trabecular bone, as body temperature (38 °C) is close to the denaturation temperature of collagen (52 °C), trabecular bone creeps [1]. Over the half of the osteoporotic vertebral fractures that occur in the elderly, are the result of the creep and fatigue loading associated with the activities of daily living [2]. The objective of this work is to understand the effect of missing walls and filled cells on elastic-plastic behavior of both regular hexagonal and non-periodic Voronoi structures using finite element analysis. The results show that the missing walls have a significant effect on overall elastic properties of the cellular structure. For both regular hexagonal and Voronoi materials, the yield strength of the structure decreased by more than 60% by introducing 10% missing walls. In contrast, the results indicate that filled cells have much less effect on the mechanical properties of both regular hexagonal and Voronoi materials.
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10

Sheets, Kevin, and Amrinder Nain. "Directed Cellular Dynamics on Aligned STEP Fibrous Mechanistic Microenvironments." In ASME 2011 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2011-54009.

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Cells attach to and interact with their immediate mechanistic native microenvironment. However, the current state-the-art in vitro cell studies are performed on flat substrates of glass, plastic or gel. [1]. The native environment consisting of an assembly of protein nanofibers forming the extracellular matrix (ECM) offers different mechanistic environments for different tissues, which elicits diverse cellular behavior [2]. Recently, there is increased interest in mimicking the ECM by depositing polymeric fibers in single and multiple layers using electrospinning, template synthesis, and micro dry-spinning. The key fibrous spatial parameters (diameter, alignment, spacing, and orientation) can be designed to generate microenvironments of varying mechanical properties. However, the exact role of these parameters on cellular behavior is not clearly understood. Hence, in this study we explore the topological-mechanistic effects of fibrous scaffolds on dynamics of different cell types.
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