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Academic literature on the topic 'Cellules interstitielles de valves'
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Journal articles on the topic "Cellules interstitielles de valves"
Zaïen, I., and A. Bergeron. "Bronchiolite oblitérante et pneumopathies interstitielles après allogreffe de cellules souches hématopoïétiques." Revue des Maladies Respiratoires Actualités 7, no. 2 (May 2015): 95–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1877-1203(15)30026-4.
Full textGaddafi, S., M. G. Garba, M. Abdulrashid, D. Zahradden, O. M. Daudou, and G. T. Iyeghe-Erakpotobor. "Effect of antioxidant supplements on testicular histo-morphology in adult male guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus)." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 47, no. 5 (December 31, 2020): 29–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v47i5.1272.
Full textBelz, A., H. Salvator, E. Catherinot, E. Rivaud, A. Chabrol, S. Nguyen, F. Suarez, et al. "Pneumopathies interstitielles non infectieuses post allogreffe de cellules souches hématopoïétiques : série de 40 patients explorés à l’hôpital Foch." Revue des Maladies Respiratoires 35 (January 2018): A20—A21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rmr.2017.10.043.
Full textBERNEX, Florence. "Les cellules interstitielles de Cajal : études histologique et physiopathologique. Ou l'histoire d'une cellule encore bien mystérieuse au 21e siècle." Bulletin de l'Académie vétérinaire de France, no. 1 (2006): 247. http://dx.doi.org/10.4267/2042/47840.
Full textJean, F., L. Greillier, M. Boucekine, J. Y. Gaubert, U. Scemama, C. Falque, M. Grangeon, et al. "Impact des images radiologiques alvéolo-interstitielles pré-thérapeutiques sur le développement des pneumopathies induites par l’immunothérapie chez les patients atteints de cancer bronchique non à petites cellules." Revue des Maladies Respiratoires 36 (January 2019): A20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rmr.2018.10.041.
Full textPham, F., J. L. Charuel, P. Ghillani-Dalbin, B. Hervier, Y. Allenbach, H. Nunes, D. Valeyre, et al. "L’absence de fluorescence cytoplasmique dans les cellules HEp-2 est rare en présence d’anticorps anti-synthétase ou d’anti-SRP au cours des myopathies inflammatoires et des pneumopathies interstitielles." La Revue de Médecine Interne 34 (June 2013): A63—A64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.revmed.2013.03.284.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Cellules interstitielles de valves"
Bouchard, Martel Joanie. "Caractérisation des cellules interstitielles des quatre différentes valves cardiaques chez le porc." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25315/25315.pdf.
Full textRosa, Mickael. "Athérosclérose et sténose valvulaire aortique : implication des macrophages et des cellules interstitielles de valve dans les calcifications cardiovasculaires." Thesis, Lille 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL2S046.
Full textCardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the most often outcome of atherosclerosis processes. CVD are the first leading cause of death rate with an increasing incidence due to ageing populations and expansion of risk factors such as diabetes mellitus or obesity. Aortic valve stenosis (AVS) is the most frequent valvulopathy in developed countries sharing common points with vascular atherosclerosis. More than only risk factors, valvular and vascular lesions share common pathophysiological processes implicated in the development of the disease such as inflammation, fibrosis, angiogenesis and calcification. This last process appears in late stages of atherosclerosis diseases and play critical roles via implication in plaque stability or thickening of the aortic valve. Macrophages are cells deriving from infiltrated monocytes, playing an important role in the inflammatory state of lesions via classical (M1) or alternative phenotypes (M2) phenotypes. Nevertheless, this dichotomy does not reflect completely the variety of their plasticity and different phenotypes induced by the microenvironment of monocytes/macrophages (lipid riche zone, iron riche zone or calcium rich zone). In the aortic valve, valvular interstitial cells (VIC) are the most prominent cell type found in the aortic valve. These cells play a major role not only in the valve tissue homeostasis but also in the calcification processes leading to AVS. In a first part, the aim of this thesis is to elucidate the ability of macrophages to differentiate into osteoclasts, cell type responsible for bone matrix remodeling, inside atherosclerosis plaques. In a second part, this work will focus on the calcification processes occurring in the aortic valve via the study of the role of leptin in valvular calcification (association study) and then in a transcriptomic analysis of VIC isolated from calcified versus non calcified aortic valves (genome-wide expression study). Our results about macrophages show that ex vivo cell surrounding vascular calcification are alternative M2 macrophages. In vitro, these cells are no able to differentiate into true osteoclasts nor to resorb calcium deposits. Concerning the role of leptin on VIC, the results show that serum leptin is higher in patients with AVS, leptin and its receptors are expressed in the aortic valves and leptin enhances the osteoblast différenciation of VIC in an Akt and ERK dependant manner. Finally, the transcriptomic analysis allowed to highlight a new pathway deregulated in VIC. This enzyme is underexpressed in VIC isolated from calcified aortic valves and in the calcified zonesAbstract4of stenosed aortic valves. Otherwise, treating VIC with the product of this enzyme in a procalcifying medium inhibits calcification processes.This thesis highlights new insights into the calcification processes occurring in atherosclerosis lesions and calcified aortic valves. These results describe that M2 macrophages cannot differentiate into osteoclasts and reverse calcification formation inside atherosclerosis plaques. In parallel, it would be interesting to study the macrophages phenotypes surrounding calcium deposits in stenosed aortic valves. Then, it will be interesting to decipher the origin of leptin and its precise mechanism of action on VIC. Finally this work points out a new metabolic pathway implicated in the development of valvular calcification which could be a medical treatment of SVA
Lavisse, Charlotte. "Implication des macrophages M1/M2 dans les pathologies vasculaires et valvulaires humaines." Thesis, Lille 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIL2S063/document.
Full textCardiovascular disease, as a result of atherosclerosis, are the main cause of morbidity and mortality in the world and see their incidence and severity increase with the expansion of their major risk factors, such as age, obesity and diabetes. Aortic valve stenosis, valve disease most frequently encountered in Western countries mainly in the old subject, shares strong similarities with vascular atherosclerosis. Indeed, atherosclerotic plaques and valvular lesions are the site of inflammation, angiogenesis, fibrosis and calcification processes. Macrophages, from monocytes infiltrated tissue differentiation, play a key role in the development of vascular atherosclerotic lesions and their future. Their role in the inflammatory state of the lesions is now well established with recent publications that report on plastic properties of macrophages, according to their microenvironment. Two major subtypes of macrophages have been described in the atherosclerotic plaques, classically (M1) or alternatively (M2) activated macrophages. Their respective role in thrombogenicity, proteolysis and angiogenesis processes involved in plaque instability, have been less studied. In contrast, macrophages are not disclosed in the valve, compared to the valvular interstitial cells (VIC), which are crucial for the maintenance of homeostasis and the valvular function and are involved in the fibrosis and rigidity of the valvular leaflets. My thesis aims to study the roles of macrophages M1/M2 in vascular and valvular pathologies in humans. We focused on their roles in the instability of atherosclerotic plaque (haemostatic or clotting process and vascular remodeling) and valvular fibrosis and their phenotypic modulation by other cell types present in the lesions, neutrophils (PNN) in the plaque or VIC in the valve.Our results suggest that the M1 and M2 macrophages may differently modulate major pathophysiological processes of atherosclerosis. In addition, M1 macrophages from diabetic patients have a deleterious phenotype that could explain the increased vulnerability of atherosclerotic plaques observed in these subjects. About valvular pathology, after characterized histologically M1/M2 in human aortic valves, we have shown that the M1 macrophages are involved in the progression of fibrosis through the modulation of their secretory repertoire by VIC.This work provides new clues about the pathophysiological processes involved in vascular and valvular diseases. It focuses on the deleterious role of M1 macrophages in diabetic subjects in vascular pathology and also identifies an unknown function of M1 in the progression of fibrosis associated with "cross-talk" with VIC. It will be necessary later to identify the molecular mechanisms underlying these interactions, which is expected to consider new therapeutic approaches to modulate the effect of this cell subtype in these diseases
Arbesu, Y. Miar Anais. "Cellule interstitielle de valve et sténose aortique : impact de la voie du facteur tissulaire." Thesis, Lille 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIL2S062/document.
Full textDefined as the narrowing of the aortic valve, aortic stenosis (AS) is the third cardiovascular pathology in industrialized countries. Affecting mainly people aged over 65 years, AS represents a major public health problem because of the aging of the population. After initially been considered as a passive degenerative process, it is now established that AS is an "atherosclerosis-like " disease characterized by the processes of inflammation, fibrosis, neo-angiogenesis and calcification. Some proteins of the coagulation pathway such as tissue factor (TF) are known to have a pro-fibrotic role and actively participate in the development of atherosclerotic lesions. Their implication in AS seems, therefore, probable and remain to be identified.Prevalent cellular component of the aortic valve, VICs have five distinct subpopulations: embryonic progenitor cells (EPCs), progenitor cells (pVICs) quiescent (qVICs), activated (aVICs) and osteoblastic (obVICs). During the valvulogenesis, EPCs allow the cellularization of the valve, differentiating into qVICs. These cells maintain the valvular homeostasis and, in case of damage, are activated (aVICs) to effectively repair the valve tissue. The valvular inflammation and VICs activation initiate the secretion of pro-calcifying proteins inducing the differentiation of aVICs into obVICs. Finally, pVICs, naturally present within the valve (called resident) or from the blood circulation (called hematopoietic), seem to promote cell renewal and may be involved in the angiogenic and osteoblastic processes.Although described, these subpopulations have never been studied longitudinally, in respect to their behavior in vitro. Our first objective was to perform this investigation. Our second objective was to study the potential role of TF pathway in the deleterious mechanisms of AS.As part of the longitudinal follow-up of VICs from control and pathological human aortic valves to the in vitro culture performed on plastic and collagen, we first showed that different subpopulations were present in these valves with different locations and proportions according to the pathophysiological state of the tissue. After enzymatic digestion, all subpopulations are found but, in culture, hematopoietic pVICs disappeared, whichever the support. Thus, we validated the primary culture model of VICs while highlighting its limitations: lack of hematopoietic pVICs, spontaneous osteoblastic differentiation and activation of VICs in culture.As part of the study the involvement of FT in the AS development, we showed its colocalization with thrombin and calcifications of pathological valves. We showed that the expression and activity of TF were constitutively more important in VICs from fibrocalcified valves than control ones and that IL-1β for pathological VICs and that its expression could be induced by IL1 beta. In addition, TF activation in the by its ligand FVII, induced, directly and via the PAR-2 receptor, different signaling pathways involved in cell proliferation and the processes of fibrosis and calcification. Thus, our findings suggest that the FT expressed by VICs mediates fibrocalcific processes of aortic stenosis
Baldo, Marjolaine. "Rôle des cellules interstitielles de Cajal dans l'activité autorythmique du tractus gastro-intestinal." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004GRE10197.
Full textThe interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) which are mesenchymal cells located in the gastrointestinal tract are mainly involved for the generation of electrical slow waves. Here we studied the mechanism of slow waves generated by ICC and whether disruption of ICC networks can lead to dysrhythmias. Our results show that slow wave frequencies were constant throughout wild-type (WT) mice gastric muscle sheets containing corpus and antrum. Separating the antrum from the corpus caused a significant drop in antral slow wave frequencies indicating that gastric slow waves originate from a dominant pacemaker site in the orad corpus. ICC networks were disrupted in the corpus of WN-Jv mice. Antral pacemaker frequency in ICC from WN-Jv stomachs was the same as in corpus ICC. Chronic depletion of ICC networks disrupts the proximal-to-distal frequency gradient, and emergence of ectopie pacemakers in the antrum may be caused by reprogramming of the ICC pacemaker apparatus. Disruption of ICC networks lead in the generation of motility disorders. The aim of the second study was to determine if there is an abnormality in the density or distribution of ICC from patients with Crohn's disease. Tissues from Crohn's disease patients showed an almost complete abolition of ICC within the external muscle layers and a significant reduction in numbers at the level of the myenteric and deep muscular plexuses. The disturbance of intestinal motility in Crohn's disease may be a consequence of the loss of specifie ICC. Our findings strengthen the role of ICC in electrical pacemaking and suggest that ICC are potentially important target for the study of new treatments of gastrointestinal motor disorders
Mornex, Jean-François. "Physiophathologie des affections interstitielles pulmonaires analyse de l'expression génique et antigénique des cellules alvéolaires /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376081655.
Full textMornex, Jean-François. "Physiopathologie des affections interstitielles pulmonaires : analyse de l'expression génique et antigénique des cellules alvéolaires." Lyon 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987LYO1H067.
Full textPorcher, Christophe. "Caracterisation morpho-fonctionnelle des cellules interstitielles de cajal dans le tractus gastro-intestinal chez l'homme." Aix-Marseille 3, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999AIX30093.
Full textCailliau, Katia. "Métabolisme calcique des cellules gliales et interstitielles : étude cytophysiologique chez les mollusques marins Aplysia et Mytilus." Nice, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992NICE4592.
Full textDaems, Caroline. "MEF2 (Myocyte Enhancer Factor 2) un nouveau facteur de transcription clé pour la cellule de Leydig." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25712.
Full textLeydig cells are the main steroidogenic cells in the testis. Steroidogenesis is an essential mechanism for the development of male characteristics during embryogenesis and puberty and their maintenance throughout adulthood. Therefore, steroidogenesis is tightly regulated by the hypothalamo-pituitary axis, but also directly within the Leydig cell. One mechanism that occurs in Leydig cells is the regulation of steroidogenic gene expression by transcription factors. During my PhD, I have identified MEF2 as new transcription factors present in Leydig cells. These factors are member of the MEF2 family of transcription factors which contains four members: MEF2A, 2B, 2C and 2D. MEF2 factors and more specifically MEF2A and MEF2D factors are present in the MA-10 Leydig cell line and they activate Nr4a1 and Star gene expression. NR4A1 is known as a key regulator of several steroidogenic genes and STAR is essential for the rate-limiting step in steroidogenesis. Furthermore, MEF2 was found to regulate expression of these genes in cooperation with CAMKI, cAMP or forskolin. These molecules are known to mimic the LH activation pathways. Moreover, MEF2 is present in the testis throughout embryonic development and into adulthood whereas MEF2 expression was not detected at any stage in the ovary. This suggests broad roles for MEF2 factors in male gonadal formation and function. To better understand the role(s) of MEF2, microarray experiments were performed using Leydig cells in which MEF2 expression was downregulated by siRNA. These experiments lead to the identification of several new MEF2 target genes in Leydig cells. In conclusion, during my doctoral work, I was able to identify a novel transcription factor in Leydig cells and to characterize its role in these cells.