Academic literature on the topic 'Cellules NK, Cytotoxicité'

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Journal articles on the topic "Cellules NK, Cytotoxicité"

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Vély, F., and E. Vivier. "Mécanismes moléculaires de la cytotoxicité des cellules NK." médecine/sciences 12, no. 4 (1996): 458. http://dx.doi.org/10.4267/10608/764.

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2

Bogner, Ulrich, Jack R. Wall, and Horst Schleusener. "Cellular and antibody mediated cytotoxicity in autoimmune thyroid disease." Acta Endocrinologica 116, no. 1_Suppl (August 1987): S133—S138. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/acta.0.114s133.

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Abstract. Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) and natural killer (NK) cell-mediated cytotoxicity was measured in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) and Graves' disease (GD) using a cytotoxicity assay against thyroid target cells. In the ADCC assay, mean ± sd specific lysis produced by sera from patients with HT was 21.7 ± 10% compared t 6.2 ± 3.9% from normal subjects. In the NK assay, cytotoxicity was significantly increased using lymphocytes from HT patients as effector cells. At effector: target (E:T) cell ratios of 50:1 and 25:1, mean specific lysis ± sd was 18.3 ± 14.3% and 14 ± 11.6%, respectively, compared to 3.7 ±2.1 and 3.1 ± 2.1, respectively, for normals. In Graves' disease, 9 of 19 patients had elevated cytotoxicity, whereas no significant changes of ADCC could be found either, as determined in thyrotoxic patients, after 6 months and at the end of a one-year antithyroid drug treatment. Eight of 19 patients showed normal cytotoxicity (mean % specific lysis 2.5 ± 3.1% compared to 2 ± 2.9% in normal controls) and low titres of microsomal antibodies (Mab), 3 patients had significantly increased cytotoxicity (mean specific lysis 27.6 ± 10%) in the presence of high titres of Mab, whereas 8 patients evidenced high values for cytoxicity (mean specific lysis 24.5 ± 14.1%) but low titres of Mab. NK cell activity, determined in euthyroid Graves' disease patients either under antithyroid drug therapy or in remission, was not significantly different than that of normal subjects at all E:T cell ratios. In conclusion, we demonstrated increased ADCC and NK cell activity in Hashimoto's thyroiditis but normal NK cell activity in euthyroid Graves' disease. Like in HT, ADCC is associated with titres of Mab in sera of Graves' disease patients but was also detectable in Mab-negative sera, which led us to suggest that a hitherto unknown cytotoxic antibody exists which is not measurable by passive haemagglutination for Mab.
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Don Yun, Hyun, Martin Felices, Daniel A. Vallera, Peter Hinderlie, Sarah Cooley, Michel Arock, Jason Gotlib, Celalettin Ustun, and Jeffrey S. Miller. "Trispecific killer engager CD16xIL15xCD33 potently induces NK cell activation and cytotoxicity against neoplastic mast cells." Blood Advances 2, no. 13 (July 6, 2018): 1580–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/bloodadvances.2018018176.

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Key Points NK cell natural cytotoxicity and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity of patients with systemic mastocytosis are normal. Trispecific killer engagers (161533 TriKE) target NK cells from normal donors and systemic mastocytosis patients to kill mast cells.
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Fujisaki, Hiroyuki, Harumi Kakuda, Timothy Lockey, Paul W. Eldridge, Wing Leung, and Dario Campana. "Expanded Natural Killer Cells for Cellular Therapy of Acute Myeloid Leukemia." Blood 110, no. 11 (November 16, 2007): 2743. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v110.11.2743.2743.

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Abstract Approximately half of the patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) harbor occult disease during therapy, leading to overt relapse. Novel treatments are needed to advance cure rates. AML cells are sensitive to natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxicity if they express HLA Class I molecules that do not bind killer-inhibitory receptors (KIR) on NK cells. The demonstration that haploidentical NK cells can expand in vivo and exert anti-AML activity when infused after non-myeloablative conditioning (Miller et al., Blood105: 3051, 2005), provided impetus to further explore their clinical potential and develop ways to increase their efficacy. The success of NK cell therapy depends on: i) mismatch in recipient HLA and donor KIR phenotype, allowing NK cell alloreactivity; ii) infusion of sufficient numbers of NK cells to achieve an effector: target (E:T) ratio that produces a significant leukemia cytoreduction. We found that K562 cells genetically modified to express membrane-bound IL-15 and 4-1BB ligand (K562-mb15-41BBL) induced expansion of human NK cells (Imai et al., Blood106: 376, 2005). In the present study, we first tested the stimulatory capacity of irradiated K562-mb15-41BBL in 34 additional healthy donors: CD56+ CD3− NK cell expansion after 7–10 days of culture was 5–87 fold (median, 22); after 21 days, NK cells could expand >1000 fold. CD3+ T cells expanded minimally or not at all. NK cells derived from 12 healthy donors were tested against the AML cell lines K562, KG-1, U937 and HL-60. Expanded NK cells were consistently cytotoxic at low E:T ratios. Thus, mean (± SD) cytotoxicity after 4 hrs at 4: 1 was 85.1% ± 8.7% for K562, 83.7% ± 9.4% for KG-1, 78.8% ± 15.2% for U937 and 94.8% ± 5.1% for HL-60. Expanded NK cells were effective even when outnumbered by target cells: at a 0.5: 1 ratio, cytotoxicities were 34.1% ± 14.7% with K562, 51.5% ± 16.5% with KG-1, 24.5% ± 14.8% with U937 and 52.1% ± 9.8% with HL-60. We next tested cytotoxicity of expanded NK cells from 10 donors against primary cells obtained from the bone marrow of 9 newly diagnosed patients with AML. Median cytotoxicity after 4 hrs of culture at a 4: 1 ratio was high, although interdonor variability was observed, with cytoxicities ranging from 22% to 90%. When expanded NK cells were cultured for 7 days with primary AML cells in the presence of bone marrow mesenchymal cells (to prevent spontaneous apoptosis of the AML cells) we could detect cytotoxicity at a 0.01:1 E:T ratio. Expanded NK cells were consistently more cytotoxic than primary NK cells from the same donor. Gene expression studies revealed marked changes in expression of adhesion molecules and cytokine transcripts after expansion. Expanded NK cells exerted considerable antileukemic effect in NOD-SCID-IL2Rgammanull mice engrafted with human AML cells, providing a strong rationale for their clinical testing. To this end, the K562-mb15-41BBL stimulatory cell line is currently being made under cGMP conditions and conditions for large-scale NK cell expansion have been established in support of a pilot protocol in which expanded haploidentical NK cells with be administered to patients with refractory AML.
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Trotta, Rossana, David Ciarlariello, Jessica Dal Col, Hsiaoyin Mao, Li Chen, Edward Briercheck, Jianhua Yu, Jianying Zhang, Danilo Perrotti, and Michael A. Caligiuri. "The PP2A inhibitor SET regulates granzyme B expression in human natural killer cells." Blood 117, no. 8 (February 24, 2011): 2378–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2010-05-285130.

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Abstract The ability of natural killer (NK) cells to kill malignant or infected cells depends on the integration of signals from different families of cell surface receptors, including cytokine receptors. How such signals then regulate NK-cell cytotoxicity is incompletely understood. Here we analyzed an endogenous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) activity called SET, and its role in regulating human NK-cell cytotoxicity and its mechanism of action in human NK cells. RNAi-mediated suppression of SET down-modulates NK-cell cytotoxicity, whereas ectopic overexpression of SET enhances cytotoxicity. SET knockdown inhibits both mRNA and protein granzyme B expression, as well as perforin expression, whereas SET overexpression enhances granzyme B expression. Treatment of NK cells with the PP2A activator 1,9-dideoxy-forskolin also inhibits both granzyme B expression and cytotoxicity. In addition, pretreatment with the PP2A inhibitor okadaic acid rescues declining granzyme B mRNA levels in SET knockdown cells. Down-modulation of SET expression or activation of PP2A also decreases human NK-cell antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. Finally, the induction of granzyme B gene expression by interleukin-2 and interleukin-15 is inhibited by SET knockdown. These data provide evidence that granzyme B gene expression and therefore human NK-cell cytotoxicity can be regulated by the PP2A-SET interplay.
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Maniar, Amudhan, Xiaoyu Zhang, Wei Lin, Brian R. Gastman, C. David Pauza, Scott E. Strome, and Andrei I. Chapoval. "Human γδ T lymphocytes induce robust NK cell–mediated antitumor cytotoxicity through CD137 engagement." Blood 116, no. 10 (September 9, 2010): 1726–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2009-07-234211.

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AbstractNatural killer (NK) cells are innate effector lymphocytes that control the growth of major histocompatibility complex class I negative tumors. We show here that γδ T lymphocytes, expanded in vitro in the presence isopentenylpyrophosphate (IPP), induce NK cell–mediated killing of tumors that are usually resistant to NK cytolysis. The induction of cytotoxicity toward these resistant tumors requires priming of NK cells by immobilized human immunoglobulin G1 and costimulation through CD137L expressed on activated γδ T lymphocytes. This costimulation increases NKG2D expression on the NK-cell surface, which is directly responsible for tumor cell lysis. Moreover, culturing peripheral blood mononuclear cells with zoledronic acid, a γδ T lymphocyte activating agent, enhances NK-cell direct cytotoxicity and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity against hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic tumors. Our data reveal a novel function of human γδ T lymphocytes in the regulation of NK cell–mediated cytotoxicity and provide rationale for the use of strategies to manipulate the CD137 pathway to augment innate antitumor immunity.
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Cao, Xiangshan, and Jianyong Li. "KIR Gene and HLA-Cw Mismatches Affect on NK Cell Killer Activity." Blood 112, no. 11 (November 16, 2008): 4926. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v112.11.4926.4926.

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Abstract The KIRs were knew as natural killer (NK) cell inhibitory receptors with specificity for HLA molecules on their cellular targets. We investigated NK cell activation on the number of matches between cell killer immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) gene and HLA-Cw, and the level of inhibitory KIRs expressed on NK cell surface and the cytotoxicity of NK cell against AML leukemic cells in vitro. NK cell were isolated and purified from 27 healthy donors by isolation kit, Target cells were blasts derived from bone marrow of 30 patients with AML.Inhibitory KIRs expression knew as CD158a, CD158b was analyzed by flow cytometry to estimate the percentage of NK cells that could be inhibited by the HLA-Cw ligands..KIR and HLA gene typing were performed by PCR –SSP. from donors and patients respectively. NK cytotoxicity against AML leukemic cells demonstrated by MTT which showed the correlation between NK cytotoxicity and the number of KIR/HLA matches. the NK-susceptible K562 cell line which lacks HLA class I expression, was used as a positive control target in all cytotoxicity assays, autologous non-NK cell was used as negative control target cell. the cytotoxicity assays was performed in E:T 50:1 20:1 10:1 5:1 2.5:1. Results demonstrated the less number of KIR/HLA-Cw matches, the more NK cells are activated..0 match of NK cell/target cell KIR/HLA-Cw, cytotoxicity was (50.66±8.40)%,1 match and 2 matches were (38.28±6.71)%, (19.74±4.15)%, F=20.226, P<0.001. NK cells expressed KIRs also had relationship with cytotoxicity, inhibitory KIRs expressed >50%, the cytotoxicity is 10%, inhibitory KIRs expressed 20%–50%, the cytotoxicity is 20%, inhibitory KIRs <25%, the cytotoxicity is 55%, F=16.276,p<0.001. Therefore these data indicate NK cell kill AML leukemic cells mechanism follow KIR/HLA-Cw mismatch theory, the level of inhibitory KIRs expressed on NK cell surface showed the percentage of NK cells that could be inhibited by the HLA-Cw ligands. Key words: KIR NK cell CD158 HLA-Cw
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Park, Ji-Eun, Seong-Eun Kim, Bhumsuk Keam, Ha-Ram Park, Soyeon Kim, Miso Kim, Tae Min Kim, Junsang Doh, Dong-Wan Kim, and Dae Seog Heo. "Anti-tumor effects of NK cells and anti-PD-L1 antibody with antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity in PD-L1-positive cancer cell lines." Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 8, no. 2 (August 2020): e000873. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jitc-2020-000873.

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BackgroundAlthough programmed cell death-1/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors show remarkable antitumor activity, a large portion of patients with cancer, even those with high PD-L1-expressing tumors, do not respond to their effects. Most PD-L1 inhibitors contain modified fragment crystallizable region (Fc) receptor binding sites to prevent antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) against PD-L1-expressing non-tumor cells. However, natural killer (NK) cells have specific antitumor activity in the presence of tumor-targeting antibody through ADCC, which could enhance NK cell-induced cytotoxicity. We evaluated the antitumor efficacy of ADCC via anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and NK cells against several PD-L1-positive cancer cell lines.MethodsVarious cancer cell lines were used as target cell lines. Surface PD-L1 expression was analyzed by flow cytometry. IMC-001 and anti-hPD-L1-hIgG1 were tested as anti-PD-L1 mAbs with ADCC and atezolizumab as an anti-PD-L1 mAb without ADCC. NK cell cytotoxicity was measured by 51Cr-release assay and CD107a degranulation assay. Also, live cell imaging was performed to evaluate cytotoxicity in a single-cell level. NK-92-CD16 (CD16-transduced NK-92 cell line) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy donors, respectively, were used as an effector cell. FcγRIIIa (CD16a)-V158F genotyping was performed for healthy donors.ResultsWe demonstrated that the cytotoxicity of NK-92-CD16 cells toward PD-L1-positive cancer cell lines was significantly enhanced in the presence of anti-PD-L1 mAb with ADCC. We also noted a significant increase in primary human NK cell cytotoxicity against PD-L1-positive human cancer cells when cocultured with anti-PD-L1 mAb with ADCC. Moreover, NK cells expressing a FCGR3A high-affinity genotype displayed higher anti-PD-L1 mAb-mediated ADCC lysis of tumor cells than donors with a low-affinity genotype.ConclusionThese results suggest that NK cells induce an ADCC response in combination with anti-PD-L1 mAbs, which helps promote ADCC antitumor activity against PD-L1-positive tumors. This study provides support for NK cell immunotherapy against high PD-L1-expressing tumors in combination with ADCC through anti-PD-L1 mAbs.
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Billadeau, Daniel D., Kathryn M. Brumbaugh, Christopher J. Dick, Renee A. Schoon, Xose R. Bustelo, and Paul J. Leibson. "The Vav–Rac1 Pathway in Cytotoxic Lymphocytes Regulates the Generation of Cell-mediated Killing." Journal of Experimental Medicine 188, no. 3 (August 3, 1998): 549–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.188.3.549.

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The Rac1 guanine nucleotide exchange factor, Vav, is activated in hematopoietic cells in response to a large variety of stimuli. The downstream signaling events derived from Vav have been primarily characterized as leading to transcription or transformation. However, we report here that Vav and Rac1 in natural killer (NK) cells regulate the development of cell-mediated killing. There is a rapid increase in Vav tyrosine phosphorylation during the development of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and natural killing. In addition, overexpression of Vav, but not of a mutant lacking exchange factor activity, enhances both forms of killing by NK cells. Furthermore, dominant-negative Rac1 inhibits the development of NK cell–mediated cytotoxicity by two mechanisms: (a) conjugate formation between NK cells and target cells is decreased; and (b) those NK cells that do form conjugates have decreased ability to polarize their granules toward the target cell. Therefore, our results suggest that in addition to participating in the regulation of transcription, Vav and Rac1 are pivotal regulators of adhesion, granule exocytosis, and cellular cytotoxicity.
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Gismondi, Angela, Loredana Cifaldi, Cinzia Mazza, Silvia Giliani, Silvia Parolini, Stefania Morrone, Jordan Jacobelli, Elisabetta Bandiera, Luigi Notarangelo, and Angela Santoni. "Impaired natural and CD16-mediated NK cell cytotoxicity in patients with WAS and XLT: ability of IL-2 to correct NK cell functional defect." Blood 104, no. 2 (July 15, 2004): 436–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2003-07-2621.

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Abstract In this study we show that Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASp), a critical regulator of actin cytoskeleton that belongs to the Scar/WAVE family, plays a crucial role in the control of natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxicity. Analysis of NK cell numbers and cytotoxic activity in patients carrying different mutations in the WASP coding gene indicated that although the percentage of NK cells was normal or increased, natural cytotoxicity and antibody-mediated NK cell cytotoxicity were inhibited in all patients with the classical WAS phenotype and in most patients carrying mutations associated with the X-linked thrombocytopenia (XLT) phenotype. The inhibition of NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity was associated with the reduced ability of WAS and XLT NK cells to form conjugates with susceptible target cells and to accumulate F-actin on binding. Treatment with interleukin-2 (IL-2) corrected the functional defects of NK cells by affecting their ability to bind to sensitive target cells and to accumulate F-actin. In addition, we provide information on the molecular mechanisms that control WASp function, demonstrating that binding of NK cells to sensitive targets or triggering through CD16 by means of reverse antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) rapidly activates Cdc42. We also found that WASp undergoes tyrosine phosphorylation upon CD16 or β2-integrin engagement on NK cells. (Blood. 2004;104:436-443)
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Cellules NK, Cytotoxicité"

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Archimbaud, Éric. "Cellules à cytotoxicité non HLA-restreinte et leucémies aigües." Lyon 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LYO1H098.

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Awad, Ali. "Les cellules Natural Killer (NK) dans l’allergie : effet de la chimiokine CCL18 sur les cellules NK humaines et rôle des cellules NK sur les éosinophiles." Thesis, Lille 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL2S002/document.

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Les maladies allergiques sont en constante augmentation tant en prévalence qu’en gravité. Les éosinophiles sont fortement impliqués dans le dommage et le dysfonctionnement tissulaire et participent à l’entretien de l’inflammation allergique. Différentes cellules de l’immunité innée sont impliquées dans le contrôle de la réaction allergique. Parmi elles, les cellules NK, connues essentiellement pour leurs fonctions anti-tumorales et anti-microbiennes, pourraient réguler différents aspects de la réaction. Dans le sang périphérique de patients asthmatiques, les cellules NK présentent des capacités cytotoxiques accrues, ainsi qu’une prédominance de cellules NK2 comparativement à la prédominance de cellules NK1 chez les sujets non allergiques. Chez des patients atteints de dermatite atopique, le nombre et la cytotoxicité des cellules NK périphériques sont diminués, ainsi que leur capacité à produire de l’IFN-g. De plus, le dialogue entre les cellules NK et les cellules dendritiques est moins efficace chez le sujet asthmatique, menant ainsi à une capacité réduite de production d’IFN-g par les cellules NK. Dans des modèles murins d’inflammation pulmonaire, la déplétion en cellules NK par l’anti-NK1.1 ou l’anti-ASGM1 avant l’immunisation inhibe l’éosinophilie pulmonaire, l’infiltrat des LT CD3+ et l’augmentation des taux d’IL-4, IL-5 et IL-12 dans le LBA. Néanmoins, la déplétion avec l’anti-ASGM1 après l’établissement de l’inflammation éosinophilique retarde sa résolution, suggérant un rôle double des cellules NK dans l’inflammation allergique. Le recrutement et la fonction des cellules NK humaines dans l’allergie par le biais de l’analyse in vitro du rôle de CCL18 sur les cellules NK a été analysé. Cette chimiokine est préférentiellement produite au niveau du poumon et possède une double fonction dans la pathologie allergique puisqu’elle recrute les LTh2, mais également les LT reg et génère des DCs tolérogènes capables d’induire des LT reg, uniquement chez des donneurs non allergiques. Nous avons évalué la réponse des cellules NK de sujets allergiques vis-à-vis de CCL18 et l’avons comparée à celle de cellules NK provenant de sujets non allergiques. Nos travaux ont montré que CCL18 attire in vitro les cellules NK de sujets non allergiques et induit leur cytotoxicité, de façon dépendante des protéines G. Par contre, les cellules NK de sujets allergiques ne répondent pas au CCL18. La deuxième partie du travail s’est basée sur l’hypothèse d’un dialogue entre les cellules NK et les éosinophiles qui modifierait leurs fonctions respectives. Des cellules NK et des éosinophiles autologues ont été cocultivés pendant 3 et 12h, à différents ratios. Nous avons montré que les cellules NK activent directement les éosinophiles comme en témoignent l’augmentation de la libération de l’ECP, l’EDN, et de l’expression du CD63, du CD69 et la diminution de l’expression du CD62L sur les éosinophiles. De plus, les cellules NK induisent l’apoptose et la mortalité des éosinophiles dès la première heure de coculture. Cependant l’apoptose et la mortalité des cellules NK ne sont pas modifiées. La fixation des cellules NK empêche presque totalement l’activation et l’apoptose des éosinophiles, suggérant l’implication de molécules de surface et peut être de facteurs solubles. Les interactions entre molécules de surface restent à déterminer, et l’IFN-g et le TGF-β ne sont pas impliqués. Cependant, les voies de signalisation p38MAPkinase, ERK, JNK et PI3kinase interviennent dans l’activation des éosinophiles. La voie mitochondriale et ROS sont impliquées dans l’apoptose des éosinophiles induite par les cellules NK.En résumé, ces travaux ont permis de montrer que les cellules NK de sujets allergiques présentent un dysfonctionnement dans la réponse vis-à-vis de CCL18 comparativement aux sujets non-allergiques. De plus, nos résultats suggèrent que les cellules NK pourraient réguler l’inflammation à éosinophiles en induisant leur activation et/ou leur apoptose
Allergic diseases are steadily increasing both in prevalence and severity. Known physiopathological mechanisms involve the induction of a Th2 response by dendritic cells, leading to IgE production and inflammation, in particular linked to the recruitment of eosinophils. Eosinophils are heavily involved in injury and tissue dysfunction and contribute to the maintenance of inflammation. Different cells of innate immunity were shown to be involved in the control of allergic reaction. Among them, (NK) cells, primarily known for their anti-tumor and anti-microbial functions, may regulate different aspects of allergic reaction as suggested by studies in humans or mice. In the peripheral blood of patients with asthma, NK cells exhibit increased cytotoxic capacity, and a predominance of NK2 cells compared to the prevalence of NK1 cells in non-allergic subjects. In patients with atopic dermatitis, the number and cytotoxicity of peripheral NK cells are reduced, as well as their ability to produce IFN-g. Moreover, the dialogue between NK cells and dendritic cells is less effective in asthmatic patients, leading to a reduced capacity of IFN-g production by NK cells. In murine models of pulmonary inflammation, depletion of NK cells by anti-NK1.1 or anti-ASGM1 before immunization inhibits pulmonary eosinophilia, the infiltration of CD3+ T cells and increased levels of IL-4, IL-5 and IL-12 in the bronchoalveolar lavage. However, depletion with anti-ASGM1 after the establishment of eosinophilic inflammation delays its resolution, suggesting a dual role of NK cells in allergic inflammation.We studied the recruitment and function of human NK cells in allergy through in vitro analysis of the role of CCL18 on NK cells. This chemokine is preferentially produced in the lungs and has a dual role in allergic diseases since it recruits Th2 cells but also regulatory T cells and generates tolerogenic DCs capable of inducing regulatory T cells only from non-allergic donors. We evaluated the response of NK cells in allergic subjects towards CCL18 and compared it to that of NK cells from non-allergic donors. We showed that CCL18 attracts NK cells from non-allergic subjects and induces their cytotoxicity in a G protein dependent pathway. However, NK cells from allergic subjects did not respond to CCL18. This chemokine has no effect on the proliferation of NK cells, but may negatively regulate IFN-g production.The second part of the thesis is based on the hypothesis of a dialogue between NK cells and eosinophils which would modify their respective functions. NK cells and autologous eosinophils were cocultured during 3 and 12 hours, at different ratios. We showed that NK cells directly activate eosinophils as evidenced by the increased release of ECP, eosinophil derived neurotoxin EDN, and the expression of CD63, CD69, and reduced expression of CD62L on living eosinophils. In addition, coculture with NK cells induced apoptosis and mortality of eosinophils in the first hours of coculture. However, apoptosis and death of NK cells were not changed. Fixation of NK cells prevented almost completely the activation and apoptosis of eosinophils, suggesting the involvement of surface molecules, however soluble factors cannot be excluded. These interactions require cell contact, but the molecules involved remain to be determined. Concerning soluble factors, IFN-g and TGF-β are not involved in these mechanisms. However, the signaling pathways p38MAPkinase, ERK, JNK and PI3-kinase are involved in eosinophils activation. Concerning eosinophil apoptosis induced by NK cells, the mitochondrial pathway is more involved than the caspase pathway.In summary, our studies show that NK cells from allergic patients exhibit a defect in their response towards CCL18 compared to non-allergic subjects. In addition, these results suggest that NK cells may regulate eosinophilic inflammation by inducing their activation and / or apoptosis
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Congy-Jolivet, Nicolas. "Rôle majeur du FcyRIIIa/CD16a parmi les récepteurs activateurs des cellules tueuses naturelles (cellules NK) : etude de son expression et des réponses fonctionnelles induites par son engagement." Thesis, Tours, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009TOUR3132.

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Les cellules NK sont capables d’ADCC (Antibody Dependent Cytotoxicity) suite à l’engagement durécepteur Fc!RIIIa/CD16a, et de fonctions effectrices directes antivirales et anti-tumorales: c’est la«cytotoxicité naturelle ». Ainsi activées elles peuvent également répondre en produisant des cytokines, commel’IFN-!. La dégranulation et la synthèse d’IFN-! par les cellules NK observées après engagement du récepteurCD16a, dont l’expression est indépendante du polymorphisme V158F, ont été largement supérieures à cellesobtenues avec les autres récepteurs activateurs. Son engagement par les AcMor thérapeutiques a produit desréponses fonctionnelles variables selon l’AcMor, et selon les donneurs de cellules. La perte d’expression duCD16a membranaire s’est révélé être un marqueur sensible de l’activation des cellules NK, même quand cedernier n’était pas engagé. Enfin, l’emploi de d’inhibiteur d’ADAM17 (TMI-2 et TIMP3) a permis d’observerle maintien de l’expression du CD16a après activation cellulaire sans augmenter les réponses fonctionnelles.Ce travail souligne la place centrale de l’engagement du CD16a dans l’activation NK
NK cell can trigger ADCC (Antibody Dependent Cytotoxicity) through the engagement of theFc!RIIIa/CD16a receptor, and « Natural Cytotoxicity » after integration of cellular signals coming from theiractivating and inhibitory receptors. Moreover, activated NK cells produce cytokines such as IFN-!.Engagement by monoclonal antibodies (mAb) of CD16a was strongly more efficient than that of any otheractivating receptor to induce degranulation and IFN-! synthesis. Functional responses depend on thetherapeutic mAb used to engage CD16a and on the donor of NK cells. CD16a down-modulation was a verysensitive marker of NK cell activation, whatever the mean of activation. It was inhibited in the presence ofTMI-2 and TIMP3 (ADAM17 inhibitors), whereas CD16-dependent functional responses were not increased.This work highlighted the major role of the CD16a receptor in the activation of NK cells
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Bielawska, Aleksandra. "Cytotoxicité des cellules tueuses naturelles vis à vis des cellules endothéliales organospécifiques : vers une immunothérapie tumorale." Thesis, Orléans, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ORLE2008/document.

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Plusieurs mécanismes peuvent réduire l’angiogenèse tumorale d’où les stratégies visant à bloquer les cellules endothéliales (CE). Les cellules tueuses naturelles (NK) (natural killer cells) stimulées, s’arment pour l’élimination des cellules « dangereuses ». Notre hypothèse est qu’en conditions pathologiques (tumeur), les CE, acteurs de l’angiogenèse tumorale seraient reconnues comme telles et candidates à l’attaque par les NK. Les interactions entre les NK et les CE sont abordées à l’aide de CE humaines in vitro, quant aux mécanismes moléculaires de l’adhésion des NK en conditions statiques et conditions de flux. Ceci montre que les NK activées par l’IL-2 reconnaissent et adhérent aux CE selon leur origine tissulaire. Ce mécanisme est indépendant des sélectines mais dépend soit des intégrines, soit des co-récepteurs similaires aux lectines de type C. La cytotoxicité des NK vis-à-vis des CE s’exerce par la voie perforine-granzyme. En outre, stimulées par l’IL-2, les NK induisent la translocation de Bid et libération du cytochrome C dans les CE cibles lesquelles expriment les récepteurs de “mort”, voie alternative d’apoptose. Ce modèle in vitro est validé avec des NK du sang humain. A visée in vivo, les expériences réalisées avec des CE murines et des NK de la rate de souris indiquent que l’efficacité des NK activées par l’IL-2 est directement reliée à leur adhésion, laquelle dépend de l’origine tissulaire des CE. Nous démontrons que l’IL-12 (interleukine connue pour inhiber l’angiogenèse tumorale) active les NK en synergie avec l’IL-2. Les NK reconnaissant et tuant les CE in vitro suggère l’hypothèse qu’in vivo elles inhibent l’angiogenèse tumorale
There are several mechanisms by which tumor angiogenesis may be reduced. They are addressed to tumor endothelial cell (EC) to block their activation and proliferation. Among the natural protection mechanisms, natural killer (NK) cells play an important role. Stimulated NK cells may eliminate potentially “dangerous” cells. Hence, we hypothesized that ECs involved in tumor angiogenesis may be recognized as “dangerous” cells and killed by NK cells. First, the adhesive interactions between NK cells and ECs were investigated. Using human in vitro cell lines, molecular mechanisms of NK cells adhesion to ECs under static and flow in vitro conditions were examined, showing that IL-2 activated NK cells were able to adhere to ECs. The molecular mechanism was shown not to be selectin - dependent but integrin and/or C type lectin like - dependent. Subsequently, cytotoxicity of NK cells toward ECs was analyzed. Its molecular mechanism was mainly perforin-granzyme dependent. NK cells were shown to induce in target ECs Bid translocation and cytochrome c releasing. To validate in vitro cellular model most of these experiments were repeated with freshly isolated human blood NK cells. The in vivo approach necessitated that adhesion and cytotoxicity were performed using murine ECs lines and freshly isolated NK cells from murine spleen. It was found that IL-12 synergizes with IL-2 to stimulate NK cells killing activity toward ECs. The demonstration that, under specific conditions stimulated NK cells are able to kill ECs in vitro allows hypothesizing that in vivo NK cells may participate in tumor angiogenesis inhibition
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5

Tabiasco, Julie. "Cytoxicité et transfert synaptique médié par les cellules NK." Toulouse 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002TOU30206.

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El, Costa Hicham. "Cellules NK utérines humaines du 1er trimestre de gestation : fonctions effectrices et leur régulation." Toulouse 3, 2009. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/720/.

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Les cellules Natural killer (NK) humaines sont massivement recrutées au site d'implantation embryonnaire et constituent la population dominante de cellules immunitaires d'origine maternelle dans l'utérus en début de gestation. Elles possèdent un potentiel cytotoxique limité et parfaitement contrôlé (contrairement aux cellules NK du sang périphérique) évitant ainsi toute menace pour le fœtus. Le but de notre travail a été d'étudier les mécanismes moléculaires qui contrôlent la fonction cytotoxique des cellules NK utérines en début de gestation. Nous avons tout d'abord caractérisé le phénotype des cellules NK utérines au niveau de la decidua basalis (dNK) de 1er trimestre de gestation. Contrairement aux cellules NK du sang périphérique (PB-NK), les cellules dNK expriment un répertoire de récepteurs activateurs et inhibiteurs unique et très conservé chez tous les individus. Nous avons ensuite étudié l'implication de différents récepteurs activateurs et inhibiteurs dans la régulation des fonctions effectrices des cellules dNK. Nous avons ainsi mis en évidence que le potentiel cytotoxique des cellules dNK était médié par l'engagement spécifique du récepteur activateur NKp46, et à un niveau moins élevé, des récepteurs activateurs NKG2C et CD2 alors que le récepteur NKp30 n'est pas impliqué. Ce potentiel cytotoxique est contrôlé négativement par le co-engagement du récepteur inhibiteur NKG2A dont le ligand physiologique est HLA-E (exprimé par le trophoblaste d'origine fœtale). Nous avons également décelé un fort potentiel de sécrétion de cytokines/chimiokines des cellules dNK (IFN-gamma, TNF-a, MIP-1a, MIP-1ß, GM-CSF) lorsque le récepteur activateur NKp30 est engagé, alors que l'engagement du récepteur NKp46 est sans effet. .
In early h, decidual NK s (dNK) are abundant and considered as cytokine producers but poorly cytotoxic despite their cytolytic granule content, suggesting a negative control of this latter effector function. Decidual NK cells express a large panel of activating and inhibitory receptors. However, little is known about the contribution of the different receptors expressed by dNK cells, to the cytotoxic function. The purpose of our study was to investigate the implication of activating and inhibitory receptors in the effector function of dNK cells and to investigate how these functions are regulated. We first found that freshly isolated dNK, in contrast to peripheral blood NK cells, exhibit a unique repertoire of activating and inhibitory receptors, identical among all the donors tested. We then demonstrated that in freshly isolated dNK, mAb-specific engagement of NKp46- and to a lesser extent NKG2C-, but not NKp30-activating receptors induced intracellular calcium mobilization, perforin polarization, granule exocytosis and efficient target cell lysis. NKp46-mediated cytotoxicity is co-activated by CD2 but dramatically blocked by NKG2A (inhibitory receptor) co-engagement, indicating that the dNK cytotoxic potential could be tightly controlled in vivo. Such NKG2A-mediated inhibition might be critical for the outcome of pregnancy. Finally, we found that in dNK, mAb-specific engagement of NKp30, but not NKp46, triggered the production of proinflammatory molecules (such as IFNgamma. . . ). We hypothesized that during pregnancy complications (viral infection), NKG2A-mediated inhibition could be prevented, and thus dNK cells could participate to the elimination of viral infected cells. We indeed found that dNK cells in contact with hCMV-infected fibroblasts proliferate, polarize their cytolytic granules to the immune synapse and kill infected target cells
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7

Veuillen, Caroline. "Caractérisation des mécanismes d'échappement tumoral à la lyse NK dans la LLC-B et le cancer de la prostate." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX20708.

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De nombreuses données expérimentales et cliniques ont montré l'importance des cellules Natural Killer (NK) dans l'immunosurveillance antitumorale. Les stratégies thérapeutiques basées sur les cellules NK pourraient donc être une alternative de choix dans le traitement de certains types de cancers. Nous avons focalisé notre étude sur deux types de cancer incurables malgré les récents progrès thérapeutiques : la leucémie lymphoïde chronique B (LLC-B) et le cancer de la prostate. Le but de notre étude est une meilleure compréhension des mécanismes mis en place par les cellules B leucémiques et les cellules tumorales prostatiques pour échapper à la réponse antitumorale des cellules NK. La connaissance de ces mécanismes d'échappement est un pré-requis indispensable à l'utilisation des cellules NK dans les thérapies antitumorales. Concernant la LLC-B, nos résultats suggèrent que les cellules NK de patients, fonctionnellement compétentes, ne peuvent pas initier une réaction immunitaire appropriée envers les cellules B leucémiques due au manque de reconnaissance de ces dernières. Concernant le cancer de la prostate, nos données préliminaires montrent que les cellules NK circulantes de patients sont également fonctionnellement compétentes, quelque soit le stade de la maladie, malgré la diminution significative de l'expression du récepteur NKp30. Ainsi, le degré d’immunogénicité des cellules B leucémiques et celui des cellules tumorales prostatiques devra être autant pris en compte que la fonctionnalité des cellules NK dans les stratégies visant à optimiser l'activité antitumorale de ces dernières
Many experimental and clinical data have enlightened the importance of Natural Killer (NK) cells in tumor immunosurveillance. Therapeutic strategies based on NK cells could be an alternative in the treatment of certain cancers. We focused our study on two types of incurable cancers despite recent advances in treatment: B chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) and prostate cancer. The aim of our study is a better understanding of the mechanisms set up by leukemic B cells and prostate cancer cells to escape from NK antitumor response. The knowledge of these escape mechanisms is an essential prerequisite to the use of NK cells in antitumor therapies. Regarding B-CLL, our results suggest that NK cells, although functionally competent, can not initiate an appropriate immune response against leukemic B cells due to a lack of recognition of the latter. Concerning the prostate cancer, our preliminary data show that circulating NK cells are functionally competent, whatever the stage of disease, despite the significant decrease in expression of the receptor NKp30. Thus, the degree of immunogenicity of leukemic B cells and of the prostate cancer cells must be taken into account as well as the functionality of NK cells in strategies aiming at improving NK antitumor activity
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8

Avril, Tony. "Etude des mécanismes de résistance des cellules trophoblastiques à la cytotoxicité naturelle." Tours, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000TOUR4007.

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Pendant la grossesse, la survie du foetus dépend de l'intégrité du trophoblaste, seul tissu d'origine foetale au contact du système immunitaire maternel. Le principal objectif de ce travail a été d'étudier les mécanismes de résistance des cellules trophoblastiques, En partiuclier des cellules choriocarninolateyses (CC) (issues de la transformation maligne du trophoblaste), à la cytotoxicité naturelle (lyse nk). Dans la première partie, nous montrons que le blocage de l'interaction des molécules HLA de classe I (exprimées sur les CC) avec les récepteurs inhibiteurs CD94/NKG2 ou CD158 (exprimés sur les cellules effectrices) ne diminue pas la résistance des CC JEG-3 A la lyse nk. Ces résultats indiquent que cette résistance est essentiellement indépendante des molécules HLA de classe I, notamment d'HLA-G. Dans la deuxième partie, nous montrons : 1) Qu'en présence de PHA, les CC sont sensibles à la lyse NK ; 2) Que l'engagement des récepteurs activateurs CD16 et 2B4 exprimés par les cellules NK entraine la lyse des CC JAR dans un modèle de lyse redirigée, alors que le ligand de 2B4, la molécule CD48, n'est pas exprimé sur les CC ; 3) Que les CC sont sensibles à l'ADCC exercée par des PBL en présence d'anticorps anti-TJA (produits par les femmes de phénotype P/P qui font des avortements spontanés à répétition). Ainsi l'absence d'activation des effecteurs par les CC, due au moins en partie à l'absence d'expression de ligands des récepteurs activateurs tels que CD48, pourrait constituer un mécanisme de résistance des CC à la lyse NK. Enfin, dans la dernière partie, nous montrons que le blocage de l'interaction molécules HLA de classe I / récepteurs inhibiteurs CD94/NKG2 ou CD158 n'affecte pas la sensibilité à la lyse exercée par des PBL stimulés par l'il-2 (lyse LAK) des cellules lymphoblastoides JY et CC JEG-3, ce qui suggère que les molécules HLA de classe I régulent peu la sensibilité des cellules cibles à la lyse LAK
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9

Campigna, Emmanuelle. "Biomolécules innovantes pour la thérapie des cancers." Montpellier 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON1T026.

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Les cellules Natural Killer (NK) sont des cellules du systèmes immunitaire qui ont un rôle crucial dans l'élimination des cellules transformées lors des stades précoces de la tumorigénèse. L'immunosurveillance anti-tumorale médiée par les cellules NK dépend de la balance entre les signaux activateurs et inhibiteurs résultant de l'interaction entre les ligands exprimés par les cellules tumorales et les récepteurs de surface des cellules NK. Le récepteur NKG2D est un des récepteurs activateurs constitutivement exprimé par les cellules NK. Ce récepteur lie divers lignands dont MICA (MHC-1 Chain-related protein A) et Rae1δ (Retinoic acid early transcript 1) qui sont exprimés respectivement par les cellules transformées humaines et murines. Les cellules NK expriment aussi des récepteurs s'associant à la partie Fc des anticorps (Ac) (FcƴR). Ces récepteurs sont responsables du mécanisme de cytotoxicité dépendante des Ac qui est notamment activé par les Ac monoclonaux utilisés en thérapie anti-cancéreuse. Nous avons produit les biomolécules recombinantes à l'aide de fragments d'Ac anti -tumoraux dans le but de restaurer les ligands MICA ou Rae1-δ à la surface des cellules tumorales et de façon exogène. Nous avons démontré que les cellules tumorales associées aux biomolécules sont efficacement lysées par les cellules NK. Nous avons également montré que les biomolécules humaines induisent une augmentation synergique de la lyse des cellules tumorales lorsqu'elles sont associées à des Ac thérapeutiques et en présence de cellules mononucléées du sang périphérique non activées (hPBMCs). In vivo, la biomolécule murine composée du ligand Rae1-δ a un effet inhibiteur sur la croissance tumorale de souris immunocompétentes greffées avec des cellules cancéreuses syngéniques
Natural Killer (NK) are immune cells playing crucial role in the transformed cell elimination at carly stage of tumorigenesis. It is now well established that NK cells participate by their constitutive expression of Fcƴ receptor to the antibody dependant celle cytotoxicty (ADCC) phenomenom and by so to the efficacy of cancer treatment with anti-tumor naked monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). NKG2D (NK Group 2-D) is one of the other constitutive NK cells activator receptors expressed by NK cell. This receptor binds several ligands including MICA (MHC classI Chain-related protein A) in human and Rae1-δ (Retinoic acid early transcript 1) in mice. We produced recombinant biomolécules based on anti-tumor antibody fragment directed against HER2 or CEA and both murine and human NKG2D ligands with the goal to immunotarget and increase the presence of these ligands at the tumor cell membrane. In vitro, tumor cells incubated with these purified biomolecules showed positive staining for NKG2D ligands and were more efficiently lysed by NK cells. More importantly, we demonstrated that these biomolecules can act in combination with naked mAbs to generate additive cytotoxicity against tumor cells by noon activated hPBMCs. In vivo, after intravenous injection, biomolecules showed specific tumor localization. In immunocompetent mice, the murine anti-HER2-RAE1 δ biomolecule inhibited syngeneic tumor development
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10

Germaud, Nathalie. "Polymorphisme du gène NCR3/NKp30 et variabilité de la fonction des cellules Natural Killer humaines." Phd thesis, Université René Descartes - Paris V, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00789417.

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Les cellules Natural Killer (NK) sont non, seulement de précieux effecteurs cytotoxiques de la réponse immunitaire innée dirigée contre les tumeurs et les infections, mais aussi d'importants immunorégulateurs. Leur activation dépend d'une balance complexe entre des signaux émanant de multiples récepteurs, tantôt inhibiteurs, tantôt activateurs. Parmi les récepteurs activateurs, NCR3 représente un acteur important de la lyse tumorale et de l'interaction avec les cellules dendritiques. Dans le but de caractériser la variabilité interindividuelle de la réponse NK et d'établir une référence pour des études ultérieures dans un contexte pathologique, nous avons examiné, dans un échantillon de 43 donneurs sains, les corrélations entre la variabilité fonctionnelle des cellules NK en réponse à la stimulation de leur récepteur NKp30 et le niveau d'expression des transcrits de NCR3 ainsi que celui de la protéine correspondante, au regard du polymorphisme génomique. Nous avons mis en évidence une étroite corrélation entre l'expression membranaire de NKp30 et NKp46 et la fonction cytotoxique NK, mais pas avec la sécrétion de cytokines. Nous avons retrouvé l'effet déjà connu du variant rs986475 sur l'expression de l'un des transcrits alternatifs de NCR3, T3. Nous avons également identifié un autre variant, rs11575836, influençant le niveau de transcrits T1, en relation avec la cytotoxicité induite par la signalisation NKp30. Cette étude pointe le doigt sur la spécificité des voies de signalisation des fonctions NK et le réseau complexe de gènes impliqués dans leur régulation. Nous avons par ailleurs évalué la variabilité génétique de NCR3 dans la myasthénie auto-immune où les cellules NK pourraient jouer un rôle. Le re-séquençage du gène NCR3 n'a pas révélé d'association avec un polymorphisme commun mais a permis d'identifier deux mutations rares, " faux-sens ", retrouvées uniquement chez des patients myasthéniques. L'une d'elle, L19R, est non-conservative et représente un candidat particulièrement intéressant à examiner en détail du fait de sa localisation dans une région très conservée dans la phylogénie. Même si de nombreux points restent à élucider, ces résultats indiquent qu'il devrait être possible de relier de façon globale et intégrative le polymorphisme de l'ADN, ainsi que l'expression des transcrits et des protéines, à la réponse fonctionnelle des cellules NK
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Books on the topic "Cellules NK, Cytotoxicité"

1

Penner, Mark Douglas. NK cell mediated cellular cytotoxicity in C57BL/6 mice transgenic for antisene natural killer cell tumour recognition molecule p150. Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 1993.

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2

1940-, Herberman Ronald B., Callewaert Denis M, and International Workshop on NK Cells (3rd : 1984 : Oakland University), eds. Mechanisms of cytotoxicity by NK cells. Orlando: Academic Press, 1985.

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1936-, Lotzová Eva, and Herberman Ronald B. 1940-, eds. NK cell mediated cytotoxicity: Receptors, signaling, and mechanisms. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 1992.

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B, Herberman Ronald, Callewaert Denis M, and International Workshop on NK Cells, (3rd : 1984 : Rochester), eds. Mechanisms of cytotoxicity by NK cells: Based on the Third International Workshop on NK Cells held at Meadow Brook Hall, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan in May 1984. Orlando: Academic Press, 1985.

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Book chapters on the topic "Cellules NK, Cytotoxicité"

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Muchmore, Andrew V. "A Comparison of Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity and NK Activity." In Immunobiology of Natural Killer Cells, 201–14. CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429288364-12.

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Conference papers on the topic "Cellules NK, Cytotoxicité"

1

Bigley, Austin Basil, Nadia H. Agha, Shanae Spade, Gaetano Dipierro, Ronald Martell, Byron C. Hann, Nina Shah, and Arun P. Wiita. "Abstract 1630: FceR1g negative NK-cells (g-NK) enhance antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity andin vivoefficacy of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies against hematologic malignanices." In Proceedings: AACR Annual Meeting 2020; April 27-28, 2020 and June 22-24, 2020; Philadelphia, PA. American Association for Cancer Research, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2020-1630.

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Zhao, Xing, Narendiran Rajasekaran, Cariad Chester, Atsushi Yonezawa, Suparna Dutt, Matt Coffey, and Holbrook Kohrt. "Abstract B082: Reovirus treated NK cells exhibit enhanced cetuximab mediated antibody- dependent cellular cytotoxicity against colorectal cancer cell lines." In Abstracts: CRI-CIMT-EATI-AACR Inaugural International Cancer Immunotherapy Conference: Translating Science into Survival; September 16-19, 2015; New York, NY. American Association for Cancer Research, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/2326-6074.cricimteatiaacr15-b082.

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Lovchik, Julie, and Mark Carter. "Abstract 1856: Donor and antibody diversity in NK cell-mediated antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) detected using an optimized multiplexed assay and advanced flow cytometry." In Proceedings: AACR Annual Meeting 2021; April 10-15, 2021 and May 17-21, 2021; Philadelphia, PA. American Association for Cancer Research, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2021-1856.

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