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Academic literature on the topic 'Cellules souches pluripotentes induites humaines (hiPSC)'
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Journal articles on the topic "Cellules souches pluripotentes induites humaines (hiPSC)"
Ahmed, E., M. Fieldes, C. Bourguignon, J. Mianné, A. Nasri, A. Petit, I. Vachier, S. Assou, A. Bourdin, and J. De Vos. "Caractérisation d’un épithélium bronchique dérivé de cellules souches pluripotentes induites humaines (iALI)." Revue des Maladies Respiratoires 38, no. 6 (June 2021): 578. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rmr.2021.02.021.
Full textBohl, Delphine. "Les cellules neuronales dérivées des cellules souches pluripotentes induites humaines : modélisation des maladies du motoneurone." Biologie Aujourd'hui 210, no. 1 (2016): 27–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jbio/2016004.
Full textDe Vos, John, Mathieu Fiedles, Chloé Bourguignon, Joffrey Mianne, Engi Ahmed, Isabelle Vachier, Arnaud Bourdin, and Said Assou. "Modélisation de l’épithélium bronchique à partir de cellules souches humaines pluripotentes induites (iPSC)." Morphologie 103, no. 342 (November 2019): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.morpho.2019.10.029.
Full textFieldès, M., E. Ahmed, C. Bourguignon, J. Mianné, C. Vernisse, A. Fort, I. Vachier, A. Bourdin, S. Assou, and J. De Vos. "Modélisation de l’épithélium bronchique dans la bronchopneumopathie chronique obstructive par les cellules souches pluripotentes induites humaines." Revue des Maladies Respiratoires 37, no. 3 (March 2020): 197–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rmr.2020.02.003.
Full textNasri, A., F. Foisset, C. Bourdais, E. Ahmed, I. Vachier, S. Assou, A. Bourdin, and J. De Vos. "Compartiment épithélial et mésenchymateux lors de la différenciation de cellules souches pluripotentes humaines induites en épithélium bronchique." Revue des Maladies Respiratoires 40, no. 2 (February 2023): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rmr.2022.11.018.
Full textFoisset, F., C. Lehalle, A. Nasri, C. Bourdais, I. Vachier, S. Assou, Q. Muller, et al. "Développement d’un modèle d’épithélium bronchique innervé par des neurones sensitifs à partir de cellules souches pluripotentes induites humaines (iPSCs)." Revue des Maladies Respiratoires 40, no. 2 (February 2023): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rmr.2022.11.006.
Full textAhmed, E., S. Assou, F. Foisset, C. Bourdais, M. Vanheerswynghels, A. Petit, A. S. Gamez, et al. "Modélisation de l’asthme sévère par la technologie des cellules humaines souches pluripotentes induites (hiPSC)." Revue des Maladies Respiratoires, March 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rmr.2024.02.012.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Cellules souches pluripotentes induites humaines (hiPSC)"
Hafner, Anne-Laure. "Étude des progéniteurs adipeux dérivés des cellules souches pluripotentes induites humaines." Thesis, Nice, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015NICE4062.
Full textIn mammals, two types of adipose tissue coexist: the white (WAT) wich is involved in energy storage and the brown (BAT) which is specialized in energy expenditure. Beige adipocytes have recently been described as brown –like adipocytes and represent a third type of adipocytes that are recruited in WAT. The molecular mechanisms involved in the generation of these different types of adipocytes remains unknow in humans, mainly because of the lack of appropriate in vitro cellular models. The human induced Pluripotent Stem (hips) cells are a good model to study the earliest steps of human adipogenesis. We have shown that the generation of white and brown adipocytes progenitors (AP) is regulated by acid retinoic signaling pathway during hips cells differentiation. Functional experiments indicated that the transcription factor Pax3 is a molecular mediator of the brown phenotype. During this study, we could see that AP derived from hips cells display a low adipogenic capacity as compared to progenitors derived from adult adipose tissue. We show in this work that treatment with TGFβ pathway inhibitor SB431542 together with ascorbic acid, hydrocortisone and EGF promoted differentiation of non- genetically modified hiPSCs-BAPs at a high rate. During preliminary results, we have analyzed the role of the transcription factor Hoxc8 on PA differentiation. The surexpression of this factor lead to distinct answers on the phenotype and differentiation between hiPSCs-AP and adult-derived AP
Hafner, Anne-Laure. "Étude des progéniteurs adipeux dérivés des cellules souches pluripotentes induites humaines." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Nice, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015NICE4062.
Full textIn mammals, two types of adipose tissue coexist: the white (WAT) wich is involved in energy storage and the brown (BAT) which is specialized in energy expenditure. Beige adipocytes have recently been described as brown –like adipocytes and represent a third type of adipocytes that are recruited in WAT. The molecular mechanisms involved in the generation of these different types of adipocytes remains unknow in humans, mainly because of the lack of appropriate in vitro cellular models. The human induced Pluripotent Stem (hips) cells are a good model to study the earliest steps of human adipogenesis. We have shown that the generation of white and brown adipocytes progenitors (AP) is regulated by acid retinoic signaling pathway during hips cells differentiation. Functional experiments indicated that the transcription factor Pax3 is a molecular mediator of the brown phenotype. During this study, we could see that AP derived from hips cells display a low adipogenic capacity as compared to progenitors derived from adult adipose tissue. We show in this work that treatment with TGFβ pathway inhibitor SB431542 together with ascorbic acid, hydrocortisone and EGF promoted differentiation of non- genetically modified hiPSCs-BAPs at a high rate. During preliminary results, we have analyzed the role of the transcription factor Hoxc8 on PA differentiation. The surexpression of this factor lead to distinct answers on the phenotype and differentiation between hiPSCs-AP and adult-derived AP
Jung, Laura. "Optimisation de protocoles de reprogrammation de cellules somatiques humaines en cellules souches à pluripotence induite (hiPSC)." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013STRAJ066.
Full textIn 2006 and 2007, Yamanaka and Thomson teams achieved the reprogramming of mouse and human somatic cells into pluripotent stem cells through the transfection of two cocktails of genes: OCT4, SOX2, KLF4, cMYC (OSKM) and OCT4, NANOG, SOX2, LIN28 (ONSL). The generated cells, called induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSC) share the same fundamental properties of ESC : self-renewing, pluripotency maintenance and capacity of differentiation into the three germ layers and suggest the same application potential in basic research (developmental and epigenetic biology) as well as in therapy (regenerative medicine, disease modeling for drug development). One of the major advantages of iPSC lies in their non-embryonic origin. Indeed, the use of iPSC resolves the ethical constraints and offers the possibility to work with extensive cell types directly from the patient to treat. Stéphane Viville’s research team aims to develop a hiPSC bank from patient suffering from genetic or other diseases which will be available for the scientific community. We are experienced in human primary fibroblasts reprogramming especially with the use of two polycistronic cassettes: ONSL encoding Thomson’s cocktail and OSKM encoding Yamanaka’s cocktail separated with 2A peptides. Thanks to the combination of RV-ONSL and RV-OSKM retroviral vectors (developed with Vectalys) we are yielding more than 2% of reprogramming efficiency in a highly reproducible way. Indeed, we demonstrated the reprogramming synergy of ONSL and OSKM combination. We are now focusing our effort on non-integrative strategies (ie mRNA) which are more appropriate for clinical usage
Lahlou, Hanae. "Génération de progéniteurs otiques dérivés de cellules souches pluripotentes induites humaines (hiPSC) : application à la thérapie cellulaire dans l'oreille interne." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0245/document.
Full textNeurosensory hearing loss is associated to inner ear disorders and degeneration of hair cells (HCs). Unfortunately, this process is irreversible in mammals. Currently, no curative treatment allows these cells to regenerate. For this reason, the development of cell therapy arose new hopes for the treatment of neurosensory hearing loss. Stem cells, either of embryonic or adult origin, seem able to differentiate in vitro into otic progenitors and to partially restore auditory functions in vivo. However, current protocols for in vitro differentiation of stem cells into HCs are unsatisfactory, and the signals that control this phenomenon remain poorly understood. Thus, the objective of this thesis was to study in vitro HC differentiation from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). We were particularly interested in two major signaling pathways involved in vivo in inner ear development, the Notch and Wnt signaling pathways.In a first part, we demonstrated that Notch inhibition during late otic differentiation enhances hiPSC differentiation into hair cell-like cells. In a second part, we studied the role of the Wnt signaling pathway during otic induction and HC specification. Our results indicate that Wnt inhibition during early otic induction promotes the expression of otic placode markers and initiate HC specification. The work presented here thus propose improved protocols to obtain HCs from hiPSCs, and suggest that this cell type is perfectly adapted for the treatment of neurosensory hearing loss
Badja, Cherif. "Optimisation de la différenciation neuronale et musculaire de cellules pluripotentes induites humaines pour la modélisation des maladies rares : exemple du syndrome de DiGeorge." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM5027/document.
Full textThe DiGeorge syndrome also known as 22q11.2 microdeletion syndrome, is the most common deletion in humans. This deletion is linked to a non-allelic homologous recombination that occurs during meiosis and involves sequences called LCRs for "Low Copy Repeats". Depending on the LCRs involved, different deletions are observed, inducing the loss of approximately 40 genes. The absence of genotype/phenotype correlation in patients and the phenotypical differences regardless of the size of the microdeletion suggests the involvement of additional parameter. The hypothesis of epigenetic changes associated with the onset or variability of symptoms has been suggested but never investigated. In order to tackle this question, we decided to focus our attention of the role of the HIRA histone chaperone encoded by a gene located in the 22q11.2-deleted region. HIRA is involved in the deposition of the H3.3 histone variant, one of the main histone in the brain. In order to determine whether HIRA is implicated in the neurological manifestations in DiGeorge patients and particularly in schizophrenia, we developed and optimized a new protocol for the direct differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSCs) into neural progenitors, cortical and dopaminergic neurons. In parallel, we developed a new protocol for hiPSCs differentiation toward the skeletal muscle lineage and the production of multinucleated muscle fibers. Altogether, these results open new perspectives for the modeling of a large number of pathologies, and in the context of our laboratory, the exploration of epigenetic mechanisms associated with phenotypic variability in different genetic diseases
Paiva, Solenne. "Facteurs environnementaux et épigénétiques impliqués dans la différenciation cardiaque de cellules souches humaines pluripotentes induites MiRroring the Multiple Potentials of MicroRNAs in Acute Myocardial Infarction Acellular therapeutic approach for heart failure: in vitro production of extracellular vesicles from human cardiovascular progenitors." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS457.
Full textThe objective of this thesis was to evaluate some physical and epigenetic parameters involved during cardiac differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells. Environmentally, an often undervalued physical parameter remains, the stiffness defined by the Young’s modulus. Commonly stem cells are cultured and adapted to in vitro rigidities ranging between 1-10 GPa very far from physiological values, for instance 10-15 kPa for the heart. The impact of soft culture substrates with 3 kPa, 12 kPa and 25 kPa was studied on the initial stem cells. Globally, results indicated that rigidities lower than 25 kPa were not suited for total pluripotency maintenance after 6 passages. Also, cellular colonies started to grow in 3D suggesting that softness drove them to build their own microenvironment. Epigenetically, the exact role of one of the first discovered microRNAs, the let-7 family has not yet been fully elucidated. Throughout differentiation its expression was characterized by an early transient peak at the time of mesoderm formation, after which their expression extinguished to only gradually re-increase later in the course of cardiomyocytes maturation. Modulation experiments involving mimics or inhibitors of the let-7 family on different cellular contexts suggested that initially let-7 acted on future cardiac specification but later, this family had to be repressed in order for cardiac progenitors to emerge. Oppositely, the cardiac specific miR-1 always contributed to their progression into cardiomyocytes. Together these researches contribute to fundamental research on human heart development and to applied research on human engineered cardiac tissues
Louis, Jeanne. "Syndrοme de Li-Fraumeni : apprοches fοnctiοnnelles visant à appréhender la variabilité génοtypique et phénοtypique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Normandie, 2025. http://www.theses.fr/2025NORMR002.
Full textLi-Fraumeni Syndrome (LFS) predisposes carriers of pathogenic TP53 variants to a wide spectrum of cancers throughout life. The phenotypic variability of LFS complicates patient management and can be partly attributed to the type of TP53 variant, as well as the influence of genetic modifier factors. To evaluate these modifier factors, it is essential to develop suitable functional tests.The activity of p53 isoforms suggests that they may act as modifier factors in LFS. Consequently, we developed assays for analyzing alternative transcripts, as presented in the first part of this work. While our results demonstrated that these assays were not well-suited to addressing this specific hypothesis, they nevertheless led us to the discovery of a novel physiological transcript not previously described in the literature. This transcript was found to be increased in a patient carrying a variant located at the splice acceptor site of TP53’s last exon, revealing an alternative splicing event involving TP53’s final exon and an alternative terminal exon located more than 2 kb downstream.To facilitate the classification of TP53 variants, our laboratory evaluates p53’s transcriptional activity in the patient’s specific genetic context. However, this approach does not allow us to fully disentangle the potential influence of individual genetic modifier factors. Therefore, in the second part of this work, we developed a human-induced pluripotent stem cell model to study TP53 variants introduced by CRISPR-Cas9 within a standardized genetic background. Our findings highlight the importance of physiological TP53 expression, particularly for studying variants with lower penetrance compared to "hot-spot" variants. Additionally, we show that in-frame variants exert differential impacts on p53’s functional activity, depending on the protein domain in which they are located. The advantage of our model also lies in its heterozygosity for PEX4, into which we were able to insert a second variant, in this case, the p.(Pro47Ser) polymorphism, inserted in trans with a pathogenic variant. Our results highlight the importance of the genetic context in the analysis of TP53 variants. This thesis work emphasizes the necessity of studying p53 transcriptional activity in a physiological context, without overexpression, with the aim of improving our understanding of this syndrome and optimizing the management of LFS patients
Lemonnier, Thomas. "Modélisation de maladies neurodégénératives à l’aide de cellules souches pluripotentes induites humaines." Thesis, Paris 5, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA05T074/document.
Full textReprogramming technology of somatic cells in induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) now offers the opportunity to model neurodegenerative diseases and to study patient’s neurons. We used this technology for generating two models of neurodegenerative diseases: the muccopolysaccharidosis type IIIB (MPSIIIB) and the ALS2 form of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). In the MPSIIIB model, we have shown that iPS and neurons of patients had characteristic defects of the disease such as the accumulation of storage vesicles. Alterations of the Golgi apparatus in these cells were also highlighted. Transcriptome analysis of MPSIIIB neural precursors showed transcriptional changes involving particularly genes implicated in cell-extracellular matrix interactions. Thus, in a subsequent study, alterations of migration and orientation of MPSIIIB mutant mouse cells and MPSIIIB patients’ cells have been demonstrated. These alterations may be responsible for the disruption of neurogenesis and neuritogenesis in sick children. In the ALS2 model, we have shown that patients’ neurons had defects including decreased endosomes’ surface and abnormal neurite outgrowth. As there was previously no relevant cellular model reproducing the disease, this model will now allow the study of physiopathological processes involved in the disease. In conclusion, the generation of iPS cells allows to model neurodegenerative diseases and to study associated physiopathological processes on cultured human neurons. These cell models could allow in the near future the screening of molecules of potential therapeutical interest
Lemonnier, Thomas. "Modélisation de maladies neurodégénératives à l'aide de cellules souches pluripotentes induites humaines." Phd thesis, Université René Descartes - Paris V, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00806699.
Full textSleiman, Yvonne. "Modélisation des ryanopathies avec des cardiomyocytes patient-spécific issus de cellules souches pluripotentes induites." Thesis, Montpellier, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019MONTT049.
Full textDespite major advances in the field of research, the cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of death worldwide. Cardiac arrhythmias are mainly the results of channelopathies which are normally caused by mutations occurring in genes coding for ion channels. Mutations of the cardiac ryanodine receptor type 2 (RyR2) lead to arrhythmogenic disorders such as the catecholamine polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT) and sudden cardiac death under stress conditions. The association of RyR2 mutations with the short-coupled polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (SC-PMVT) at rest is unclear. Moreover, the implication of the RyR2 in the pathogenesis of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) associated with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) leading to ventricular arrhythmias was also reported. However, the knowledges in the cardiac physiology and physiopathology have been significantly made using either the heterologous expression or transgenic mouse models which do not always recapitulate the phenotype observed in patients. Therefore, the human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) offer great opportunities to work with human somatic cells, to elucidate important mechanisms driving cardiac disease and to test novel therapeutic compounds.The main aim of my PhD thesis was to model the SC-PMVT using patient-specific hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes (CMs) and CRISPR/Cas 9 technologies to go beyond the work achieved by Cheung, Meli et al., in 2015 with the novel RyR2-H29D mutant channels. My work contributed to elucidate that the RyR2-H29D mutant channels exhibit abnormal intracellular calcium (Ca2+) homeostasis, abnormal contractile and electrical properties and RyR2 macromolecular complex remodeling. These abnormalities were fully abolished when reversing the RyR2-H29D mutation with CRISPR/Cas9 technology. Moreover, we found that the Flecainide and RyR2 stabilizer S107 are potent to prevent the abnormal release of Ca2+ in RyR2-H29D hiPSC-CMs while Verapamil and Propanolol do not.My second thesis objective was focused on modeling the DCM associated with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) using patient-specific hiPSC-CMs exploited from a local cohort of DMD patient. Our preliminary results suggested that 3 independent dystrophin mutations induce sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ leak and abnormal contractile properties in DMD hiPSC-CMs under both physiological and stress conditions.My thesis work contributed to validate the use of patient-specific hiPSC-CMs to model ryanopathies directly induced by single-point mutations and indirectly by other pathophysiological conditions. Overall, my thesis work highlighted the increasing interest in patient-specific hiPSC-CMs to decipher the pathophysiological mechanisms behind ryanopathies and orientate toward personalized medicine