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Journal articles on the topic 'Celtic cross'
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1
Bulas, Ryszarda. "Wysokie krzyże irlandzkie i ich związki z mitologią (VIII-XII wiek)." Vox Patrum 44 (March 30, 2003): 143–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.31743/vp.8072.
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The Celtic Crosses are an original phenomenon that unites in itself spiritual traditions of the East and artistic heritage of the West. The original basic shape of the idea is Indo-Iranian and it was close to Celtic mentality. Old myths were translated into a symbolic language of art. The particular feature of the Celtic Cross is the co-existence of Nature and Bible, Myth and Christology.
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Bulas, Ryszarda M. "Wysokie krzyże iryjskie a grobowce Edessy." Vox Patrum 55 (July 15, 2010): 111–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.31743/vp.4328.
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The author in the article refers to a broad discussion on the origin of ideas and artistic inspiration for Celtic crosses. She refers to a Hilary Richardson of the Armenian and Georgian origin of the concept of the Celtic cross, also to the results of her book The symbols of pagan Celtic crosses. Myths, symbols, images. In this book she indicates a cultural affinity of Ireland and the Syria. She points to the compositional and iconographic parallels between the Early Medieval Irish crosses and tombs mosaics of Edessa, dated to the III century. Reinforcing the thesis of H. Richardson, indicates the possibility of the existence an artistic tradition, in Late Antiquity and Early Medieval Syria, which is able to reach Ireland. She indicates the Celtic crosses, which have the most parallels with Syrian decoration (monasteries from Arboe, Monasterboice, Kells, Clones). The author concludes that they are grouped only in the Middle East of Ireland, in several counties (Louth, Meath, Monaghan, Tyron).
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Huang, Hui, Farzad Sharifian, Susan Feldman, Hui Yang, Harriet Radermacher, and Colette Browning. "Cross-cultural conceptualizations of ageing in Australia." Cognitive Linguistic Studies 5, no. 2 (December 31, 2018): 261–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cogls.00021.hua.
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Abstract In this paper, the framework of Cultural Linguistics is employed to examine how older people from two different ethnic backgrounds in Australia conceptualize ageing and their own experience of ageing. The paper employs a qualitative method for the instantiations of interviews from two focus groups of Australian women. The results indicated that women of Anglo-Celtic background had a more self-oriented perception of ageing, aged care and self, while women of Chinese background had a more relational outlook. However, the evidence indicated that changes were taking place in both traditions despite a certain degree of continuity.
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Swan, David. "THE CARNYX ON CELTIC AND ROMAN REPUBLICAN COINAGE." Antiquaries Journal 98 (September 2018): 81–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003581518000161.
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This paper explores the cross-cultural portrayals of an unusual and striking musical instrument, the carnyx, on the coinages of the Romans and the inhabitants of Iron Age Britain and Gaul. Fashioned as a snarling boar, the carnyx was a war horn used by the Gauls and Britons that not only captivated the minds of their artists, but also those of the Romans. This paper studies the cross-cultural phenomenon of its appearance in the coin iconography of the late second to late first centuriesbc. This simultaneous analysis of Roman, Gallic and British coinage reveals that while each culture had a shared belief in the carnyx’s military role, each culture also had its own interpretation of the object’s significance. To the Romans, it was a symbol of the barbarian, to be cherished as a war trophy after a Roman victory, but to those northern Europeans, it was a sign of pride and spiritual significance. An image’s meaning is, therefore, seen to transform as it crosses into a new cultural context.
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McWHORTER, J. H. "What else happened to English? A brief for the Celtic hypothesis." English Language and Linguistics 13, no. 2 (July 2009): 163–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1360674309002974.
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This article argues that despite traditional skepticism among most specialists on the history of English that Brythonic Celtic languages could have had any significant structural impact on English's evolution, the source of periphrastic do in Cornish's equivalent construction is virtually impossible to deny on the basis of a wide range of evidence. That Welsh and Cornish borrowed the construction from English is impossible given its presence in Breton, whose speakers left Britain in the fifth century. The paucity of Celtic loanwords in English is paralleled by equivalent paucity in undisputed contact cases such as Uralic's on Russian. Traditional language-internal accounts suffer from a degree of ad hocness. Finally, periphrastic do is much rarer cross-linguistically than typically acknowledged, which lends further support to a contact account.
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De La Cruz, Emmanuel A., Raffat K. Jaber, Arnold D. Tabuenca, and Victor C. Joe. "The ‘Celtic cross’ technique for immediate umbilical reconstruction post-laparotomy and surgical ablation of the umbilicus." Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery 62, no. 2 (February 2009): 258–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bjps.2007.10.016.
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Slate, C. Philip. "Two Features of Irenaeus' Missiology." Missiology: An International Review 23, no. 4 (October 1995): 431–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009182969502300404.
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Irenaeus flourished toward the end of the second century as a bishop in Lugdunum (modern Lyons, France). He is important for several reasons, but scholarly interests in Irenaeus have focused chiefly on his place in the history of Christian thought and his churchmanship. Although his mission/evangelistic work is routinely mentioned by church historians, little effort has been made to extract from his apologetical-catechetical writings something of his missiology. As a native of Asia Minor, he engaged in cross-cultural work among the pagan Celtic peoples of southern Gaul. Two aspects of his missiology are probed: cultural adjustment in linguistics and his motivation for the task. Missiologically, he stands as a thoughtful combination of missionary-theologian-churchman.
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Dalrymple, Jenny, Kareena McAloney-Kocaman, Paul Flowers, Lisa M. McDaid, and Jamie Scott Frankis. "Age-related factors influence HIV testing within subpopulations: a cross-sectional survey of MSM within the Celtic nations." Sexually Transmitted Infections 95, no. 5 (June 14, 2019): 351–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/sextrans-2018-053935.
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ObjectivesDespite a recent fall in the incidence of HIV within the UK, men who have sex with men (MSM) continue to be disproportionately affected. As biomedical prevention technologies including pre-exposure prophylaxis are increasingly taken up to reduce transmission, the role of HIV testing has become central to the management of risk. Against a background of lower testing rates among older MSM, this study aimed to identify age-related factors influencing recent (≤12 months) HIV testing.MethodsCross-sectional subpopulation data from an online survey of sexually active MSM in the Celtic nations—Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland and Ireland (n=2436)—were analysed to compare demographic, behavioural and sociocultural factors influencing HIV testing between MSM aged 16–25 (n=447), 26–45 (n=1092) and ≥46 (n=897).ResultsMultivariate logistic regression demonstrated that for men aged ≥46, not identifying as gay (OR 0.62, CI 0.41 to 0.95), location (Wales) (OR 0.49, CI 0.32 to 0.76) and scoring higher on the personalised Stigma Scale (OR 0.97, CI 0.94 to 1.00) significantly reduced the odds for HIV testing in the preceding year. Men aged 26–45 who did not identify as gay (OR 0.61, CI 0.41 to 0.92) were also significantly less likely to have recently tested for HIV. For men aged 16–25, not having a degree (OR 0.48, CI 0.29 to 0.79), location (Republic of Ireland) (OR 0.55, CI 0.30 to 1.00) and scoring higher on emotional competence (OR 0.57, CI 0.42 to 0.77) were also significantly associated with not having recently tested for HIV.ConclusionKey differences in age-related factors influencing HIV testing suggest health improvement interventions should accommodate the wide diversities among MSM populations across the life course. Future research should seek to identify barriers and enablers to HIV testing among the oldest and youngest MSM, with specific focus on education and stigma.
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Rosenthal, D. A., A. Demetriou, and A. Efklides. "A Cross-National Study of the Influence of Culture on Conflict Between Parents and Adolescents." International Journal of Behavioral Development 12, no. 2 (June 1989): 207–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016502548901200205.
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Cultural differences in the dynamics of conflict between parents and adolescents were studied in 40 working-class Australian resident families, 20 of whom were of Anglo-Celtic descent and 20 Greek-born, and 40 Greekresident families, 20 of whom were working-class and 20 professional class. Levels and seriousness of conflict were investigated as well as three aspects of conflict dynamics: behaviour during conflict, styles of resolving conflict, and beliefs about the consequences of conflict. Mothers and adolescents were more aware than fathers of conflict and its effect on family life, they had a more differentiated set of conflict behaviours and were able to accept conflict as part of life which need not have long-term serious consequences. The results suggested that although cultural variation in response to conflict was not extensive, the immigrant Greek parents responded in ways which reflected both their Greek origin and their country of residence while their adolescents appeared to have moved towards an Anglo-Australian mode of responding. Implications for a culture conflict model, a cultural differences model and an assimilation model of intergenerational conflict in immigrant families are discussed.
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Rachel McPhee, Siobhán. "Employers and migration in low‐skilled services in Dublin." Employee Relations 34, no. 6 (September 28, 2012): 628–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01425451211267928.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyse the role of employers as “institutional” factors in the creation of segmentation in the labour market. Industrial structure defines segments of the labour market (the employer) based on the nature of demand, and with the impact on the individual workers or groups based on their personal characteristics.Design/methodology/approachEmpirical work is within the Dublin labour market, which experienced the largest increase in availability of migrant workers under immigration policies of the Celtic Tiger state. Focused on the sectors of catering, cleaning and security as low‐skilled service sector providers, the analysis is based on 24 semi‐structured interviews with employers selected based on a database of a cross‐section of all employers in the selected sectors in Dublin.FindingsSemi‐structured interviews reinforce state policies as key institutional factor underlying migrant labour trends and experiences, but perspectives of the employers in low‐end service industries reveal additional insights. In addition to using migrant labour as a means of cost cutting, the daily actions of employers reveal cultural stereotyping of workers, making them an elemental component “exploiting” the trends facilitated by state immigration policies.Originality/valueAlthough a large body of research on migration into Ireland during the Celtic Tiger years is available, little of it has focused on labour market processes. More broadly, in attempting to understand labour market processes and the creation of segmentation there needs to be a triangulation of processes of supply, demand and state policies; and employers are key players in shaping demand and exploiting supply trends.
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KENNARD, HOLLY J., and ADITI LAHIRI. "Mutation in Breton verbs: Pertinacity across generations." Journal of Linguistics 53, no. 1 (November 13, 2015): 113–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022226715000420.
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Although word-initial consonants are highly salient cross-linguistically, the process of initial-consonant mutation has nonetheless continued to affect them in the Celtic languages. This paper investigates the use of the mixed mutation (MM) in Breton, following the progressive particle. Like all mutation, it naturally affects the phonology, but also gives (redundant) information for morphosyntax. Mutation is generally presumed to be a regular process, but as there has been a gap in the transmission of Breton, the extent to which this phono-syntactic phenomenon is consistent across generations remains open to discussion. It has been claimed that younger speakers, being strongly French-dominant, do not use mutation correctly. We tested this examining both distribution of usage and acoustic measurements of the consonants in question. Data from original fieldwork indicate that young adults use MM in the same way as older speakers, but children attending Breton-medium schooling are less proficient. Mixed mutation is difficult to acquire, the crucial factor being sustained Breton input beyond the early teenage years. Acoustically, there is no difference in the production of MM cross-generationally. The difference between the two generations is in the use of the progressive particle itself, omitted by the older generation, but retained by younger speakers.
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Coatsworth, Elizabeth. "The ‘robed Christ’ in pre-Conquest sculptures of the Crucifixion." Anglo-Saxon England 29 (January 2000): 153–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263675100002441.
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In the nineteenth century, John Romilly Allen confidently claimed that the iconography of the Crucifixion with the robed or ‘fully draped’ Christ was a phenomenon of Celtic art, found in Scotland, Ireland and Wales, distinguishable from the ‘Saxon’ type in which Christ wore a loin-cloth. Other features of the Saxon type were the presence of the sun and moon above the arms of the cross, instead of angels as in Ireland; and the figures of the Virgin and St John at the foot of the cross, without the spear- and sponge-bearers, the latter pair appearing only exceptionally at Alnmouth, Northumberland; Aycliffe, County Durham; and Bradbourne, Derbyshire. Clearly two different versions were identified in this analysis, but no attempt was made to clarify the chronological relationship between the examples cited, and only the geographical distribution of a small number of examples was considered. Romilly Allen's confidence in distinguishing ‘Celt’ from ‘Saxon’ on the basis of art styles, even for the pre-Viking period, is not always shared today, as the continuing discussion of the origins of several important manuscripts shows. The terms ‘Insular’ and ‘Hiberno-Saxon’ used to describe much of the art from the sixth century to the eighth underline die perceived difficulties.
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Polyakov, E. N., and T. V. Donchuk. "ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE OF Ch.R. MACKINTOSH." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo arkhitekturno-stroitel'nogo universiteta. JOURNAL of Construction and Architecture, no. 6 (January 2, 2019): 9–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.31675/1607-1859-2018-20-6-9-32.
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The article is devoted to the most famous architectural projects of residential, public and religious buildings of Charles Rennie Mackintosh (1868–1928). It is shown that he adhered to the traditions of neo-romanticism, preferred the traditions of Celtic symbolical art, the Scottish folk architecture and the so-called baronial style which make his buildings similar to medieval castles. It is noted that in design solutions and especially organization of internal space of buildings, the architect used the most advanced construction technologies, structures and materials. The article considers six of the most famous architectural projects by Macintosh made in neo-romanticism traditions. Among them, the Lighthouse Tower for the Glasgow Herald (1893–1894), the Glasgow School of Art (1897–1909), Queen's Cross Church in Glasgow (1898–1899), Scotland Street School (1903–1906), the project of the House for an Art lover in Darmstadt (1901), the Нill House in Helensburgh (1902–1904.). The main reasons for the creative crisis of the master on the eve of the I World War are revealed.
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Thoya, Pascal, Joseph Maina, Christian Möllmann, and Kerstin S. Schiele. "AIS and VMS Ensemble Can Address Data Gaps on Fisheries for Marine Spatial Planning." Sustainability 13, no. 7 (March 29, 2021): 3769. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13073769.
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Spatially explicit records of fishing activities’ distribution are fundamental for effective marine spatial planning (MSP) because they can help to identify principal fishing areas. However, in numerous case studies, MSP has ignored fishing activities due to data scarcity. The vessel monitoring system (VMS) and the automatic identification system (AIS) are two commonly known technologies used to observe fishing activities. However, both technologies generate data that have several limitations, making them ineffective when used in isolation. Here, we evaluate both datasets’ limitations and strengths, measure the drawbacks of using any single dataset and propose a method for combining both technologies for a more precise estimation of the distribution of fishing activities. Using the Baltic Sea and the North Sea–Celtic Sea regions as case studies, we compare the spatial distribution of fishing effort from International Council for the Exploration of the Seas (ICES) VMS data and global fishing watch AIS data. We show that using either dataset in isolation can lead to a significant underestimation of fishing effort. We also demonstrate that integrating both datasets in an ensemble approach can provide more accurate fisheries information for MSP. Given the rapid expansion of MSP activities globally, our approach can be utilised in data-limited regions to improve cross border spatial planning.
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Beszédes, József. "Die Frührömische Einheimische Siedlung Von Budapest-Lágymányos (Budapest, XI Bezirk) •." Acta Archaeologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 71, no. 2 (November 30, 2020): 575–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/072.2020.00014.
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In the past two decades, the number of archaeological explorations significantly increased in the densely built-up 11th district of Budapest, the area called Lágymányos. The recent excavations not once of large extent reveal a much more detailed picture of the Roman city structure and topography of the area that belongs to the vicinity of Aquincum, south of the Gellérthegy.Considering the information obtained from previous smaller scale excavations (i.e. Kende Str. 8–10, Gellért Square) and the more recent excavations of a larger extent (Skála Department Store, Bercsényi Rd.) we may come to the conclusion that the area south of Gellérthegy called Lagymányos today was occupied by an indigenous Celtic vicus of the early imperial period. The composition of the findings of the different sites was almost identical. There was a strong indigenous (Celtic) component along with products of “provincial” ceramic production of the 1st and the 2nd century AD. The amount of imported ware found was insignificant in all sites. Excavated building structures (pit-houses, storage pits, ceramic kilns, industrial workshops) show the characteristics of a village-like settlement. According to Samian ware finds the settlement evolved in the Claudian era, flourished under the Flavians, slowly depopulated in the 2nd century, and was abandoned by its last inhabitants in the Severan era at the latest. Part of its population likely moved to this area from the native settlement of Tabán ceased under Tiberius.The slow dissolution of the settlement refers to its inhabitants leaving the area because of economical reasons. The municipium of Aquincum starting to flourish in the mid 2nd century offering a better living for the inhabitants. The antique name of the vicus is not known. In terms of topography, the vicus of Lágymányos evolved in a favourable position. The southern slopes of Gellérthegy were a safe place to settle at, besides there were excellent quality clay sources along the Danube. A wide valley leads in the direction of today’s Budaörs through which trade and transportation could easily be carried out.In the last one and a half decades several significant indigenous vici were excavated in the area of Budapest (BudaörsKamaraerdei-dűlő, Biatorbágy-Kukorica-dűlő, Páty-Malom-dűlő). The distance of these vici from one another is approximately equally about 6 kms. A group of sites (Kelenhegyi Rd. 27, Mányoki Str. 16, and the southern slopes of Gellérthegy) are linked to cemeteries instead of settlements. The majority of names on the epitaphs and the clothing and jewelry depicted on the steles dating back to the period between the last third of the 1st and the beginning of the 2nd century refer to the native Celtic population (one exception being Valerius Crescens who probably passed away as a veteranus). The vessels unearthed at Mányoki u. 16. referring to a cremation burial can also easily be fitted into the series of cemeteries of the early imperial age. Accordingly, a cemetery that belonged to the above vicus lied on the southern, south-western slopes of the Gellérthegy.In conclusion, it is ascertainable, that after cross-checking data from the sporadic, mosaic-like excavation sites of Lágymányos, we localized an unknown (or interpreted otherwise previously) early Roman (1st–2nd century AD) indigenous vicus south of the Gellérthegy. The approximate extent of the vicus’ cemetery and several burials and steles are also known implying this being a complex settlement, not a potter’s workshop or a temporary settlement as it was previously believed.
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Cox, S. L., P. I. Miller, C. B. Embling, K. L. Scales, A. W. J. Bicknell, P. J. Hosegood, G. Morgan, S. N. Ingram, and S. C. Votier. "Seabird diving behaviour reveals the functional significance of shelf-sea fronts as foraging hotspots." Royal Society Open Science 3, no. 9 (September 2016): 160317. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.160317.
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Oceanic fronts are key habitats for a diverse range of marine predators, yet how they influence fine-scale foraging behaviour is poorly understood. Here, we investigated the dive behaviour of northern gannets Morus bassanus in relation to shelf-sea fronts. We GPS (global positioning system) tracked 53 breeding birds and examined the relationship between 1901 foraging dives (from time-depth recorders) and thermal fronts (identified via Earth Observation composite front mapping) in the Celtic Sea, Northeast Atlantic. We (i) used a habitat-use availability analysis to determine whether gannets preferentially dived at fronts, and (ii) compared dive characteristics in relation to fronts to investigate the functional significance of these oceanographic features. We found that relationships between gannet dive probabilities and fronts varied by frontal metric and sex. While both sexes were more likely to dive in the presence of seasonally persistent fronts, links to more ephemeral features were less clear. Here, males were positively correlated with distance to front and cross-front gradient strength, with the reverse for females. Both sexes performed two dive strategies: shallow V-shaped plunge dives with little or no active swim phase (92% of dives) and deeper U-shaped dives with an active pursuit phase of at least 3 s (8% of dives). When foraging around fronts, gannets were half as likely to engage in U-shaped dives compared with V-shaped dives, independent of sex. Moreover, V-shaped dive durations were significantly shortened around fronts. These behavioural responses support the assertion that fronts are important foraging habitats for marine predators, and suggest a possible mechanistic link between the two in terms of dive behaviour. This research also emphasizes the importance of cross-disciplinary research when attempting to understand marine ecosystems.
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Jurczak, Justyna. "Police Competences’ in Preventing, Investigating and Combatting Hate Crimes in Poland — Part 2." Internal Security 10, no. 2 (September 16, 2019): 129–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.4220.
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The article is divided into two main parts. It refers to selected data on hate crimes recorded in Poland and Police effectiveness while preventing, investigating and combatting it. Based on available sources, there is no problem with extremist activity on a large-scale in Poland nowadays, but for sure there is an urgent one with the increasing number of hate-motivated incidents, both with their social impact. Awareness-raising and educational campaigns that aim at prompting respect for human rights and tolerance for diversity are very needed in this matter. Also, law enforcement agencies, including the police, play a key role while tackling racism and bias. Uncontrolled and unpunished manifestation of hate, both with the lack of appropriate and unequivocal state response to such incidents, also quiet, social approval to hate-motivated behaviours, seem to be the main components of extreme movements growing. Thus, the main aim of the article has been to describe the phenomenon of hatemotivated incidents that were reported in Poland within past years and to diagnose Polish police officers’ skills, knowledge and qualification in this field, together with qualitative analyses of accessible training programmes. Selected terms (racism, discrimination, intolerance, xenophobia and hate speech) and symbols (the Celtic Cross, the SS-Totenkopf and the Triskele) that promote hate were defined (part 1) both with police officers’ identification accuracy. Research results presented in this article were gathered by using variety of methods and techniques, both theoretical and empirical (part 2). The data that refers to police competence in the context of preventing, investigating and combatting hate crimes was mainly collected as a part of a doctoral research conducted by the author in 2012–2014.
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BUTLER, SHANE. "Obstacles to the Implementation of an Integrated National Alcohol Policy in Ireland: Nannies, Neo-Liberals and Joined-Up Government." Journal of Social Policy 38, no. 2 (April 2009): 343–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047279408002870.
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AbstractThis article explores how proponents of a public health model of alcohol policy have, for more than a quarter of a century, argued consistently but unsuccessfully for an integrated national alcohol policy in the Republic of Ireland. It looks in particular at the past decade, a time when increases in alcohol consumption and related problems strengthened the case for such an integrated policy, and when managerial innovations in the sphere of cross-cutting management appeared to provide a template for its implementation. A number of explanations are offered for the refusal of successive governments to respond to what its advocates see as the only rational, evidence-based approach to the prevention of alcohol problems. It is argued that, unlike the Nordic countries, the political culture of independent Ireland has never been one in which the state could unilaterally impose strict alcohol control policies as a feature of its broader vision of the welfare state. It is also argued that during the recent period of economic prosperity (the so-called ‘Celtic Tiger’ era) the country was characterised by a neo-liberal policy climate, which was specifically antipathetic to the idea that the state should interfere directly in the alcohol market with a view to preventing related problems. It is suggested that the social partnership model of governance, to which many people attributed the country's economic success, created an atmosphere of consensualism within which the state as mediator between the two main protagonists (the public health lobby and the drinks industry) was unwilling to challenge the drinks industry. It is also concluded that this failure to create a national alcohol policy based on public health principles demonstrates the limitations of the cross-cutting, or ‘joined-up’, approach to public management in those areas of social policy characterised by clashing value systems or fundamental conflicts of economic interest. Finally, it is acknowledged that in Ireland, as elsewhere, neo-liberal certitudes have been effectively dethroned by the economic recession and banking crisis of late 2008; whether these more straitened economic circumstances will provide a better fit for the ‘nanny state’ ideals of the public health perspective on alcohol remains to be seen.
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Jurczak, Justyna. "Police Competences’ in Preventing, Investigating and Combating Hate Crimes in Poland — Part I." Internal Security 10, no. 1 (November 27, 2018): 271–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.7528.
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The article is divided into two main parts. It refers to selected data on hate crimes recorded in Poland and Police effectiveness regarding preventing, investigating and combating such kinds of crimes. Based on available sources there is no problem with extremist activity in a large-scale in Poland nowadays, but for sure there is an urgent one with the increasing number of hatemotivated incidents, both with its social impact. Awareness-raising and educational campaigns that aim at promoting respect for human rights and tolerance for diversity are much needed in this matter. Also, law enforcement agencies, including Police, play a key role while tackling racism and bias. An uncontrolled and unpunished manifestation of hate, both with the lack of an appropriate and unequivocal state response to such incidents, also quiet, social approval to hate-motivated behaviours, seem to be the main components of extreme movements growing. Thus, the main aim of the article was to describe the phenomenon of hate-motivated incidents that were reported in Poland within the past years and to diagnose Polish police officers’ skills, knowledge and qualification in this field, both qualitative analyses of accessible training programmes. Selected terms (racism, discrimination, intolerance, xenophobia and hate speech) and symbols (the Celtic Cross, the SS-Totenkopf and the Triskele) that promote hate were defined (part 1) both with Police officers’ identification accuracy. Research results presented in this article were gathered by using a variety of methods and techniques, both theoretical and empirical (part 2). The data that refers to Police competence in the context of preventing, investigating and combating hate crimes was mainly collected as a part of a doctoral research conducted by the author in 2012–2014.
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Arnoldussen, Stijn. "The Fields that Outlived the Celts: The Use-histories of Later Prehistoric Field Systems (Celtic Fields orRaatakkers) in the Netherlands." Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 84 (June 21, 2018): 303–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ppr.2018.5.
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The Celtic field research programme of Groningen University involves research excavations of Dutch Celtic fields or raatakkers: embanked field plots thought to date to the Iron Age (c. 800 calbc–12bc). In this paper, detailed attention is given to (a) the palaeoecology of raatakkers; (b) the relationship between habitation and agriculture in such systems; and (c) their dating and use-life. Counter-intuitively, it is argued that the macro-remains from crops such as barley, wheat, millet, and flax recovered from Celtic field banks represent a non-local (settlement) signal rather than document local agricultural regimes. Palynological approaches, in which a more local signal can be preserved but which also show evidence for details of the agricultural regime such as manuring strategies and fallow cycles, are argued to be more appropriate avenues to study local agricultural strategies. A discussion of the relations between habitation and agriculture shows that house sites uncovered within Dutch Celtic fields are almost invariably placed in positions partly overlapping banks. Moreover, in most cases such settlement traces appear to date to the Middle or Late Iron Age, raising the question of where the initial farmers of the Celtic fields lived, as the communities planning and first using these Celtic fields probably pre-dated the Iron Age. A critical review of existing dates and discussion of new OSL and AMS dates has shown that bank construction of Dutch Celtic fields started around the 13th–10th centuries calbcand continued into the Roman era. The chronostratigraphies preserved in the banks testify to a sustainable agricultural regime of unprecedented time-depth: centuries of continued use make the system employing raatakkers the most enduring and stable form of farming known in the history of the Netherlands.
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LASA, Juan, Ignacio ZUBIAURRE, Guillermo DIMA, Daniel PERALTA, and Luis SOIFER. "HELICOBACTER PYLORI PREVALENCE IN PATIENTS WITH CELIAC DISEASE: results from a cross-sectional study." Arquivos de Gastroenterologia 52, no. 2 (June 2015): 139–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0004-28032015000200012.
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Background Some previously published studies have suggested an inverse relationship between celiac disease and Helicobacter pylori, raising the possibility of the protective role Helicobacter pylori could have against celiac disease development. Nevertheless, this association is inconclusive. Objectives To determine the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in celiac subjects. Methods Between January 2013 and June 2014, patients over 18 years old undergoing upper endoscopy who required both gastric and duodenal biopsies were included for analysis. Enrolled subjects were divided in two groups: those with a diagnosis of celiac disease and those without a celiac disease diagnosis. Helicobacter pylori infection prevalence was compared between groups. Among celiac patients, endoscopic markers of villous atrophy as well as histological damage severity were compared between those with and without Helicobacter pylori infection. Results Overall, 312 patients were enrolled. Seventy two of them had a diagnosis of celiac disease. Helicobacter pylori infection prevalence among celiac disease patients was 12.5%, compared to 30% in non-celiac patients [OR=0.33 (0.15-0.71)]. There was not a significant difference in terms of the severity of villous atrophy in patients with Helicobacter pylori infection compared to those without it. There was a slight increase in the prevalence of endoscopic markers in those Helicobacter pylori-negative celiac subjects. Conclusion Helicobacter pylori infection seems to be less frequent in celiac patients; among those celiac subjects with concomitant Helicobacter pylori infection, histological damage degree and presence of endoscopic markers suggesting villous atrophy seem to be similar to those without Helicobacter pylori infection.
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Whittemore, Alan T., and Alden M. Townsend. "Hybridization and Self-compatibility in Celtis: AFLP Analysis of Controlled Crosses." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 132, no. 3 (May 2007): 368–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.132.3.368.
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Artificial cross-pollinations were carried out among seven species of Celtis L. (C. bungeana Blume, C. koraiensis Nakai, C. laevigata Willd., C. occidentalis L., C. reticulata Torr., C. sinensis Pers., and C. tenuifolia Nutt.) to test the potential for interspecific hybridization in Celtis breeding. AFLP profiles were used to assess the ancestry of progeny. Hybrids formed very rarely among these seven species of Celtis: only two interspecific hybrids were obtained. Self-pollination occurred occasionally in non-emasculated trees. AFLP analysis yielded false paternal markers at a very low frequency, likely due to DNA methylation differences. Plants with unexpected paternal markers were confidently distinguished from hybrids by calculating the probability of obtaining the observed number of paternal markers by chance. The study clearly demonstrated the importance of using large numbers of markers.
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Al-Bawardy, Badr, John M. Barlow, Rogerio N. Vasconcelos, Sarasa T. Kim, David H. Bruining, Stephanie L. Hansel, Shannon P. Sheedy, et al. "Cross-sectional imaging in refractory celiac disease." Abdominal Radiology 42, no. 2 (January 13, 2017): 389–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00261-016-1032-0.
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Ventura, Aline, Marcelo Fernando Ronsoni, Maria Beatriz Cacese Shiozawa, Esther Buzaglo Dantas-Corrêa, Maria Heloisa Busi da Silva Canalli, Leonardo de Lucca Schiavon, and Janaína Luz Narciso-Schiavon. "Prevalence and clinical features of celiac disease in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis: cross-sectional study." Sao Paulo Medical Journal 132, no. 6 (December 2014): 364–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1516-3180.2014.1326725.
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CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder with an average prevalence of 1% in Europe and the United States. Because of strong European ancestry in southern Brazil, this study aimed to evaluate the seroprevalence of celiac disease among autoimmune thyroiditis patients.DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study in a public university hospital.METHODS: This cross-sectional prevalence study included autoimmune thyroiditis patients who were tested for anti-endomysial and anti-transglutaminase antibodies between August 2010 and July 2011.RESULTS: Fifty-three patients with autoimmune thyroiditis were included; 92.5% were women, with mean age of 49.0 ± 13.5 years. Five patients (9.3%) were serologically positive for celiac disease: three of them (5.6%) were reactive for anti-endomysial antibodies and two (3.7%) for anti-transglutaminase. None of them exhibited anemia and one presented diarrhea. Endoscopy was performed on two patients: one with normal histology and the other with lymphocytic infiltrate and villous atrophy.CONCLUSION: The prevalence of celiac disease among patients with autoimmune thyroid disease was 9.3%; one patient complained of diarrhea and none presented anemia. Among at-risk populations, like autoimmune thyroiditis patients, the presence of diarrhea or anemia should not be used as a criterion for indicating celiac disease investigation. This must be done for all autoimmune thyroiditis patients because of its high prevalence.
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Medović, Aleksandar, Ana Marjanović-Jeromela, and Aleksandar Mikić. "An update to the La Tène plant economy in northern Serbia." Ratarstvo i povrtarstvo 58, no. 2 (2021): 53–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/ratpov58-33250.
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The archaeobotanical research of the macrobiotic remains from archaeological sites provides a valuable insight into the plant economy of the continental Celtic (Gaulish or Galatian) tribe of Scordisci, which lived around the rivers of Sava, Drava and Danube during the last three centuries before Christ. The field crop production of Scordisci was based upon cereals, grain legumes and oil crops. The importance of spelt wheat (Triticum spelta L.) in the everyday diets of Scordisci has been underestimated so far. Recent researches proved the presence of Byzantine oat (Avena byzantina K. Koch) at the Celtic tilths in the northern Balkans. Cereals were stored in mud-plastered granary baskets. The spectrum of grain legumes is as diverse as that of cereals. The latest analyses expand the list of oil plants with a new species-dragon's head (Lallemantia iberica (M.Bieb.) Fisch. & C.A.Mey.). There is also the first evidence of a beer production facility in one of the Scordisci oppida, Čarnok.
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Van Weyenberg, Stijn J. B., Chris J. J. Mulder, and Jan Hein T. M. Van Waesberghe. "Small Bowel Imaging in Celiac Disease." Digestive Diseases 33, no. 2 (2015): 252–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000369516.
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Background: Modern small bowel imaging techniques allow detailed depiction of small-intestinal abnormalities. The role of these techniques in the investigation of celiac disease is increasing, especially in patients with suspected complicated celiac disease. Key Messages: In general, there is no need for radiological small bowel imaging in uncomplicated celiac disease. It is however important that clinicians and radiologists are aware of certain specific radiological findings that may suggest celiac disease, especially since celiac disease is often not considered in adult patients, and small bowel radiology may be performed before specific tests for celiac disease. Radiological abnormalities can be observed with both conventional small bowel radiology studies, like small bowel follow-through or double-contrast small bowel enteroclysis, and newer modalities, like computed tomography or magnetic resonance enterography or enteroclysis. These signs include a decreased number of jejunal folds, an increased number of ileal folds, small bowel dilatation, wall thickening and intussusception. Extraintestinal abnormalities include mesenteric lymphadenopathy, vascular changes and splenic atrophy. Abnormalities congruent with refractory celiac disease type II include a severe decrease in jejunal folds, infiltration of the mesenteric fat and thickening of the small bowel wall. Additionally, a severely decreased splenic volume may indicate complicated celiac disease. Malignant complications of celiac disease, such as enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma and small-intestinal adenocarcinoma, can be reliably investigated with cross-sectional enteroclysis techniques. Conclusions: Small bowel imaging and especially cross-sectional enteroclysis techniques are important extensions to the diagnostic workup of clinicians involved in the care of patients with celiac disease, especially those with suspected complicated disease.
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Niknam, Ramin, Alireza Salehi, Hossein Molavi Vardanjani, Mohammad Reza Fattahi, Seyed-Mohsen Dehghani, Nasser Honar, Mahmood Haghighat, and Mohammad-Hadi Imanieh. "Different Clinical Features of Celiac Disease in Children, Adolescents, and Adults; a Cross-sectional Study." Middle East Journal of Digestive Diseases 13, no. 2 (May 29, 2021): 121–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/mejdd.2021.215.
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BACKGROUND Celiac disease is a common disorder but there are few studies comparing the clinical features of the disease in adults, adolescents and children. METHODS Demographic and clinical characteristics of all patients with celiac disease referred to the Celiac Clinic were evaluated and compared in different age groups. RESULTS Of 3416 participants, 473 patients were included. 302 (63.8%) were women and 171 (36.2%) were men. Overall, 325 (68.7%) and 411 (86.9%) patients had gastrointestinal (GI) and non-GI manifestations, respectively. The most common symptom in adults was psychiatric problems (66.5%), while abdominal discomfort was the most common symptom in adolescents (45.2%) and children (53.8%). According to age groups, GI manifestations were seen in 79 (66.4%), 119 (59.8%), and 127 (81.9%) children, adolescents, and adults, respectively. Adults had significantly more GI manifestations than the other groups (PR 1.167; 95% CI: 1.094- 1.244; p < 0.001). Non-GI manifestations were seen in 90 (75.6%), 174 (87.4%), and 147 (94.8%) children, adolescents, and adults, respectively. Adults had significantly more non-GI manifestations than the other groups (PR 1.112; 95% CI: 1.060-1.168; p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Our study showed that there were significant differences in the clinical features of celiac disease between the different age groups. Considering these results may help plan for future studies.
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Al-Bawardy, Badr, John M. Barlow, Rogerio N. Vasconcelos, Sarasa T. Kim, David H. Bruining, Stephanie L. Hansel, Shannon P. Sheedy, et al. "Tu2076 Cross-Sectional Imaging in Refractory Celiac Disease." Gastroenterology 150, no. 4 (April 2016): S1016—S1017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0016-5085(16)33445-x.
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Ballestero-Fernández, Catalina, Gregorio Varela-Moreiras, Natalia Úbeda, and Elena Alonso-Aperte. "Nutritional Status in Spanish Adults with Celiac Disease Following a Long-Term Gluten-Free Diet Is Similar to Non-Celiac." Nutrients 13, no. 5 (May 12, 2021): 1626. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13051626.
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The only available treatment for celiac disease is life-long gluten exclusion. We conducted a cross-sectional age- and gender-matched study in 64 celiac adults on a long-term (>1 year) gluten-free diet and 74 non-celiac volunteers from Spain, using dietary, anthropometric, and biochemical parameters, as well as assessing bone mineral density and physical activity. Celiac adults had deficient intake (below 2/3 of the recommended intake) for folates, vitamin E, and iodine and low intake of calcium (below 80% of the recommended intake). Iron intake was also below 2/3 of the recommended intake in celiac women. Vitamin D intake was extremely low, and 34% of celiac patients had moderately deficient plasma levels. According to bone mineral density, celiac women may be more prone to osteopenia and osteoporosis. However, we found a perfectly analogous nutritional status scenario in celiac as compared to healthy volunteers, with the dietary deviations found being similar to those of the Spanish population, i.e., both groups followed a high-lipid, high-protein, and low-carbohydrate diet. Values for biochemical parameters were found within the reference ranges. Celiac disease had no influence on body weight, but body fat in celiac patients tended to be higher. According to our results, vitamin D, calcium, folates, vitamin E, iodine, and iron nutritional status should be specifically assessed and monitored in the celiac population.
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Ballestero Fernández, Varela-Moreiras, Úbeda, and Alonso-Aperte. "Nutritional Status in Spanish Children and Adolescents with Celiac Disease on a Gluten Free Diet Compared to Non-Celiac Disease Controls." Nutrients 11, no. 10 (October 1, 2019): 2329. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11102329.
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Patients who follow a gluten-free diet (GFD) may be prone to nutritional deficiencies, due to food restriction and consumption of gluten-free products. The aim was to assess nutritional status in celiac children and adolescents on a long-term GFD. A cross-sectional age and gender-matched study in 70 celiac and 67 non-celiac volunteers was conducted, using dietary, anthropometric, biochemical parameters, and assessing bone mineral density and physical activity. Adequacy of vitamin D intake to recommendations was very low, in both groups, and intakes for calcium and magnesium were significantly lower in celiac volunteers. Celiac children and adolescents may have a higher risk of iron and folate deficiencies. Both groups followed a high-lipid, high-protein, low fiber diet. Median vitamin D plasma levels fell below reference values, in celiac and non-celiac participants, and were significantly lower in celiac girls. Other biochemical parameters were within normal ranges. Anthropometry and bone mineral density were similar within groups. With the exception of some slightly lower intakes, children and adolescents following a GFD appear to follow the same trends as healthy individuals on a normal diet. No effect of food restriction or gluten-free product consumption was observed.
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Lerner, Aaron, and Torsten Matthias. "Gut-bone Cross Talks and Implications in Celiac Disease." International Journal of Celiac Disease 4, no. 1 (May 5, 2016): 19–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.12691/ijcd-4-1-4.
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VIEIRA, Camilo, Izabele JATOBÁ, Marília MATOS, Daniel DINIZ-SANTOS, and Luciana R. SILVA. "PREVALENCE OF CELIAC DISEASE IN CHILDREN WITH EPILEPSY." Arquivos de Gastroenterologia 50, no. 4 (December 2013): 290–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0004-28032013000400010.
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ContextNeurological symptoms have been well-documented in patients with celiac disease, nevertheless, the presumption of a greater prevalence of epilepsy in celiac patients remains controversial.ObjectivesTo determine the frequency of celiac disease in children and adolescents with idiopathic or cryptogenic epilepsy.MethodsA cross-sectional study. One hundred pediatric patients with non-symptomatic epilepsy were followed-up at two public pediatric neurology clinics in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. Screening for celiac disease was performed by serial measurements of IgA anti-transglutaminase and IgA anti-endomysium antibodies, followed by bowel biopsy in positive cases. HLA DQ02 and DQ08 were investigated in seropositive individuals, assessing the type of seizures, the number of antiepileptic drugs used and the presence gastrointestinal symptoms.ResultsThree (3.0%) patients tested anti-tTG-positive, two with normal duodenal mucosa (Marsh 0) and one with intraepithelial infiltrate (Marsh I). No villous atrophy of the duodenal mucosa (Marsh III) celiac disease was found. Two patients tested positive for HLA DQ02; none were DQ08 positive.ConclusionThe present study failed to prove the association between celiac disease and epilepsy.
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Sharma, Shashi, Richa, Sakshee Madan, Tanu Singh, and Bharat Bhushan Sharma. "The Presentation Pattern of Celiac Disease in Central India –A Prospective Study in Children." Journal of Nepal Paediatric Society 40, no. 3 (December 15, 2020): 255–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v40i3.29509.
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Introduction: Celiac disease is a common immune-mediated enteropathy characterised by villous atrophy. It has clinical phenotypes of classic, non-gastrointestinal and silent/subclinical or potential depending on the clinical phenotype. We intended to assess the clinical features and laboratory findings of patients with celiac disease and compare the classical celiac disease with non-gastrointestinal celiac disease.
Methods: This is a two-year cross-sectional study conducted at our institute. Children from one year to 18 years diagnosed as celiac disease based on the revised ESPGHAN criteria were enrolled. They were categorised into classical celiac disease and non-gastrointestinal celiac disease (atypical) and their clinical features and laboratory findings were documented.
Results: Forty patients had confirmed celiac disease. The mean age of the subjects was 6.84 ± 4.41 years, with male: female ratio of 1.85. The commonest presentations were failure to thrive (75%), anaemia (70%), associated rickets (67.5%) and 32% diarrhoea. Patients with classical features were identified at an earlier age than those with non-gastrointestinal celiac disease. Marsh grade 3a and above were more commonly seen in classical celiac disease. The most common symptom among the classical group was abdominal distension. Among the non-gastrointestinal group, the most common symptom was anaemia. Vitamin D deficiency was almost equally present in both groups.
Conclusions: Non-gastrointestinal celiac disease is not uncommon among our population. Patients with clinical features of recurrent abdominal pain, vomiting, failure to thrive, or merely short stature and refractory anaemia should be worked up for celiac disease.
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Ghazizadeh Esslami, Golnaz, Bahar Allahverdi, Reza Shervin Badv, Morteza Heidari, Nahid Khosroshahi, Hosein Shabani-Mirzaee, and Kambiz Eftekhari. "Clinical and Paraclinical Screening for Celiac Disease in Children with Intractable Epilepsy." Neurology Research International 2021 (April 22, 2021): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/1639745.
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Background. Celiac disease is the inflammatory entropy caused by hypersensitivity to gluten, which occurs in susceptible individuals. Some studies have suggested a link between celiac disease and epilepsy in children. Our aim was to screen for clinical and paraclinical features of celiac disease in children with intractable epilepsy. Methods. This was a cross-sectional study. Children aged 2 to 18 years with refractory epilepsy that referred to the pediatric neurology clinic within one year (2018–2019) were enrolled. Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients, especially clinical manifestations of celiac disease, were recorded in a questionnaire. A venous blood sample was sent to determine the total IgA, anti-tTG (IgA), and anti-endomysial antibody (IgA). Endoscopy was performed in cases where the celiac serological test was positive. Results. Seventy children with idiopathic drug-resistant epilepsy (44 boys) were evaluated. The height-for-age index was 49.2% and the weight-for-age index was 38.2% less than normal. Constipation (48.6%), anorexia (25.7%), and abdominal pain (21.4%) were the most common gastrointestinal symptoms. Celiac serological tests were negative in all children. Therefore, endoscopy and bowel biopsy were not performed in any case. Conclusion. Celiac disease was not found in any patient with intractable epilepsy. Gastrointestinal symptoms and growth disorders in this group may be related to the underlying disease or medications and not to celiac disease.
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Okada, Yohei, Yusuke Yamaguchi, and Kazuhiro Chiba. "Substitution Pattern‐Selective Olefin Cross‐Couplings." ChemElectroChem 6, no. 16 (April 3, 2019): 4165–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/celc.201900184.
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Ramosaj-Morina, Atifete, Alije Keka-Sylaj, Arbana Baloku Zejnullahu, Lidvana Spahiu, Virgjina Hasbahta, Vlora Jaha, Vjosa Kotori, et al. "Celiac Disease in Kosovar Albanian Children: Evaluation of Clinical Features and Diagnosis." Current Pediatric Reviews 16, no. 3 (November 5, 2020): 241–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573396316666200116093753.
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Background: Celiac disease is an immune-mediated disorder characterized by variable clinical manifestations, specific antibodies, HLA-DQ2/DQ8 haplotypes, and enteropathy. Objectives: The aim of this study was to present the clinical spectrum and patterns of celiac disease in Kosovar Albanian children. Methods: A cross-sectional retrospective study was performed with Albanian children aged 0-18 years, treated for celiac disease in the Pediatric Clinic, University Clinical Center of Kosovo from 2005 to 2016. Results: During the study period, 63 children were treated for celiac disease. The mean age at diagnosis was 5.5 years (SD ± 3.31). The mean age at celiac disease onset was 3.3 years (SD ± 2.02), while the mean delay from the first symptoms indicative of celiac disease to diagnosis was 2.2 years (SD ± 2.09). More than 70% of the patients were diagnosed in the first 7 years of life, mainly presented with gastrointestinal symptoms, while primary school children and adolescents mostly showed atypical symptoms (p<0.001). The classical form of celiac disease occurred in 78% of the cases. Sixty (95%) patients carried HLA-DQ2.5, DQ2.2 and/or HLA-DQ8 heterodimers, and only three of them tested negative. Conclusions: Kosovo, as the majority of developing countries, is still facing the classical form of celiac disease as the dominant mode of presentation; as a result, most children with other forms of the celiac disease remain undiagnosed. : Physicians should be aware of the wide range of clinical presentations and utilize low testing thresholds in order to prevent potential long-term problems associated with untreated celiac disease.
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Hiebert, Dan, Mark Boyle, Joseph Awetori Yaro, Anna R. Davies, Wendy Gibbons, and Vaclav Smil. "Reviews: Unravelling the Rag Trade: Immigrant Entrepreneurship in Seven World Cities, Can the Celtic Tiger Cross the Irish border?, Walking the Tight Rope: Informal Livelihoods and Social Networks in a West African City, Local Economic Development and the Environment, The Prospect of Cities, Tomorrow's Energy: Hydrogen, Fuel Cells, and the Prospects for a Cleaner Planet." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 34, no. 12 (December 2002): 2253–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a34rvw.
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IŞIKAY, Sedat, and Halil KOCAMAZ. "THE NEUROLOGICAL FACE OF CELIAC DISEASE." Arquivos de Gastroenterologia 52, no. 3 (September 2015): 167–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0004-28032015000300002.
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BackgroundSeveral neurological disorders have also been widely described in celiac disease patients.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to determine the incidence of accompanying different neurologic manifestations in children with celiac disease at the time of diagnosis and to discuss these manifestations in the light of the recent literature.MethodsThis prospective cross sectional study included 297 children diagnosed with celiac disease. The medical records of all patients were reviewed.ResultsIn neurological evaluation, totally 40 (13. 5%) of the 297 celiac patients had a neurological finding including headache, epilepsy, migraine, mental retardation, breath holding spells, ataxia, cerebral palsy, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, Down syndrome and Turner syndrome in order of frequency. There was not any significant difference between the laboratory data of the patients with and without neurological manifestations. However; type 3a biopsy was statistically significantly more common among patients without neurological manifestations, while type 3b biopsy was statistically significantly more common among patients with neurological manifestations.ConclusionIt is important to keep in mind that in clinical course of celiac disease different neurological manifestations may be reported.
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Malamut, Georgia, Sascha Cording, and Nadine Cerf-Bensussan. "Recent advances in celiac disease and refractory celiac disease." F1000Research 8 (June 26, 2019): 969. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.18701.1.
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Celiac disease (CeD), defined as gluten-induced enteropathy, is a frequent and largely underdiagnosed disease. Diagnosis relies on the detection of highly specific serum IgA anti-transglutaminase auto-antibodies and on the demonstration of duodenal villous atrophy. Treatment necessitates a strict gluten-free diet, which resolves symptoms and enables histological recovery. However, regular follow-up is necessary to assess mucosal healing, which emerges as an important prognostic factor. Recent work on CeD pathogenesis has highlighted how the cross-talk between gluten-specific CD4+ T cells and interleukin-15 can activate cytotoxic intraepithelial lymphocytes and trigger epithelial lesions. Moreover, acquisition by a subset of intraepithelial lymphocytes of somatic gain-of-function mutations in the JAK-STAT pathway was shown to be a decisive step in the progression toward lymphomas complicating CeD, thus opening new therapeutic perspectives for these rare but life-threatening complications.
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García-Leiva, Juan Miguel, Jorge Luis Ordóñez Carrasco, Mahmoud Slim, and Elena P. Calandre. "Celiac symptoms in patients with fibromyalgia: a cross-sectional study." Rheumatology International 35, no. 3 (August 15, 2014): 561–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00296-014-3110-3.
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Zulfiqar, Sana, Amin Fahim, Aneela Qureshi, Sadia Adnan, Shomail Saeed Siddiqui, Sumreen Kashif, and Mazhar ul Haque. "CELIAC DISEASE." Professional Medical Journal 22, no. 01 (January 10, 2015): 072–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2015.22.01.1414.
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Objective: To find out the Modified Marsh type of celiac disease (CD)patients on histopathological examination of duodenal (D2) biopsies and to correlate it withtissue transglutaminase IgA levels. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Place of Study:Histopathology laboratory (Department of Pathology), Isra University Hospital and AsianInstitute of Medical Sciences (AIMS), Hyderabad. Duration of Study: July 2013 to December2013. Materials and Methods: 96 patients with a history of malabsorption or atypical symptomswith clinical suspicion of CD were subjected to endoscopy. Endoscopic duodenal (D2) biopsieswere taken regardless of age and gender. D2 biopsies were processed for histopathologicalexamination under light microscopy. Results: Out of 96 patients, 45 (46.9%) patients hadmoderate type of lamina propria inflammation along with highly significant p-value (0.0001).CDtype 3a was observed in 34 patients (35.4%). In this study the comparison of serological level oftissue Transglutaminase IgA (tTGA) and histological severity revealed significant correlation. AllModified Marsh types of CD with tTGA level seen in our study were highly significant (p-value0.001). Conclusion: In this study strong correlation was observed between the serologicaltTGA level and histological findings by Modified Marsh classification along with lamina propriainflammation of duodenal mucosa in CD patients.
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BOUASLA, Abdallah, and Sara AOUR. "Adherence to gluten-free diet and celiac disease management in patients of Batna city." Nutrition & Santé 10, no. 01 (June 30, 2021): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.30952/ns.10.1.5.
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Celiac disease is treated by following a lifelong strict gluten-free diet. It is practically difficult to follow this diet and patient requires appropriate management. Objective. The aim of the study was to assess adherence to the gluten-free diet and the management of celiac disease in patients of Batna city. Population and methods. A descriptive cross-sectional survey was carried out with 110 patients from Batna city. A questionnaire was established to collect socio-demographic and clinical data, and information on gluten-free diet adherence, and on celiac disease management. Results. Good adherence to gluten-free diet was found in most patients (78%). Patients age, socio-professional level, as well as disease duration had a significant positive effect on gluten-free diet adherence. More than half of patients carried out dietetic and medical consultations. All patients inquired about the disease and its diet, even though they were not members of a celiac association. Education about the disease and treatment of complications were the main components of celiac disease management. Conclusion. Despite the good adherence to the gluten-free diet, noted in most patients, awareness and education of patients and their families about the celiac disease and its management is very important.
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McGowan, Kelly E., Martha E. Lyon, and J. Decker Butzner. "Celiac Disease and IgA Deficiency: Complications of Serological Testing Approaches Encountered in the Clinic." Clinical Chemistry 54, no. 7 (July 1, 2008): 1203–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2008.103606.
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AbstractBackground: IgA deficiency causes false-negative IgA-based celiac serology results in patients with celiac disease. Using a case-finding strategy, we examined the prevalence of IgA deficiency, physician evaluation, and management of IgA deficiency during serological testing for celiac disease.Methods: We reviewed consecutive IgA-endomysial antibody (EMA) and serum IgA results from the laboratory database over 17 months. We cross-referenced seronegative patients with IgA deficiency (IgA <0.06 g/L) to the pathology database to evaluate intestinal biopsy results. Ordering physicians received a questionnaire regarding the management of seronegative patients with IgA deficiency who had no biopsy record.Results: Among the 9533 patients tested for IgA-EMA, 4698 (49%) were tested for IgA deficiency. IgA deficiency occurred in 35 of 4698 (0.75%) patients screened for IgA deficiency. Only 19 of 35 (54%) IgA-deficient patients were diagnosed appropriately with either intestinal biopsy (17 patients) or measurement of IgG-tissue transglutaminase (2 patients). Thirteen (76%) of the 17 IgA-deficient patients who underwent upper endoscopy with or without colonoscopy displayed gastrointestinal pathology on biopsies, including 3 (18%) with celiac disease. No further evaluation to exclude celiac disease was performed for the remaining 16 of 35 (46%) IgA-deficient, EMA-negative patients because of inappropriate management (6 patients), administrative error (7 patients), or patient/physician refusal (3 patients).Conclusions: IgA deficiency occurred in 1:131 patients tested for celiac disease, and celiac disease occurred in 1:6 of those properly evaluated. Inadequate evaluation of IgA deficiency while testing for celiac disease occurred frequently and resulted in the underdiagnosis of both. Changes in testing algorithms and reporting of results were made to improve testing for celiac disease and IgA deficiency.
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SHAHRIARI, Mahdi, Naser HONAR, Ali YOUSEFI, and Hazhir JAVAHERIZADEH. "ASSOCIATION OF POTENTIAL CELIAC DISEASE AND REFRACTORY IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS." Arquivos de Gastroenterologia 55, no. 1 (March 2018): 78–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0004-2803.201800000-15.
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ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Celiac disease is an enteropathy caused by dietary gluten. The combination of serologic, genetic and histologic data has led to description of other categories of this disease. OBJECTIVE: There are a number of patients with iron deficiency anemia (IDA) that do not respond to iron treatment and may be repeated for many times, Therefore, we aimed to investigate celiac disease in this group. METHODS: In this cross sectional transverse prospective study from August 2011 to February 2013, in a Pediatric care clinic affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, 184 children including 92 IDA patients who responded to treatment using iron supplement, 45 non-responding iron deficient patients, and 47 healthy individuals, with the maximum age of 18 years, with written consent from their parents, participated in serologic screening (with Anti-TTG antibody and anti-Endomysial antibody) for celiac disease. Patients with at least one positive serology test underwent multiple mucosal biopsy from bulb and duodenum. RESULTS: Among 184 participants, 19 (10.3%) subjects had positive serologic test for celiac disease, including 13 (28.9%) patients in the group with refractory IDA, 5 (5.4%) patients in the group with treated IDA, and 1 patient in the healthy group. The frequency of positive serologic test in the group with IDA resistant to treatment was prominently higher than the other two groups (P<0.001). Among the patients with positive serologic celiac test who underwent endoscopy and biopsy, no histologic evidence of celiac disease was seen. They were diagnosed as potential celiac disease. CONCLUSION: Frequency of potential celiac disease in patients with refractory IDA was higher than control the subjects. Therefore, we recommend serologic screening for early detection and minimizing the complications of celiac disease and repeated iron therapy for this group.
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Lerner, Aaron, and Torsten Matthias. "Processed Food Additive Microbial Transglutaminase and Its Cross-Linked Gliadin Complexes Are Potential Public Health Concerns in Celiac Disease." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 3 (February 8, 2020): 1127. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21031127.
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Microbial transglutaminase (mTG) is a survival factor for microbes, but yeasts, fungi, and plants also produce transglutaminase. mTG is a cross-linker that is heavily consumed as a protein glue in multiple processed food industries. According to the manufacturers’ claims, microbial transglutaminase and its cross-linked products are safe, i.e., nonallergenic, nonimmunogenic, and nonpathogenic. The regulatory authorities declare it as “generally recognized as safe” for public users. However, scientific observations are accumulating concerning its undesirable effects on human health. Functionally, mTG imitates its family member, tissue transglutaminase, which is the autoantigen of celiac disease. Both these transglutaminases mediate cross-linked complexes, which are immunogenic in celiac patients. The enzyme enhances intestinal permeability, suppresses mechanical (mucus) and immunological (anti phagocytic) enteric protective barriers, stimulates luminal bacterial growth, and augments the uptake of gliadin peptide. mTG and gliadin molecules are cotranscytosed through the enterocytes and deposited subepithelially. Moreover, mucosal dendritic cell surface transglutaminase induces gliadin endocytosis, and the enzyme-treated wheat products are immunoreactive in CD patients. The present review summarizes and updates the potentially detrimental effects of mTG, aiming to stimulate scientific and regulatory debates on its safety, to protect the public from the enzyme’s unwanted effects.
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Stricker, Sebastian, Jan de Laffolie, Silvia Rudloff, and Klaus-Peter Zimmer. "Sa1110 – Cross Presentation of Microbial Transglutaminase by Enterocytes in Celiac Disease." Gastroenterology 156, no. 6 (May 2019): S—273. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0016-5085(19)37493-1.
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Ganji, Azita, Abbas Esmaeilzadeh, Ali Bahari, and Maryam Salehi. "Mo1046 - Atoimmune Liver Disease in Adult Celiac Patients: Cross Sectional Study." Gastroenterology 154, no. 6 (May 2018): S—682—S—683. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0016-5085(18)32407-7.
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Zayeni, Habib, Afshin Shafaghi, Alireza Gharib Pour, Mohammad Reza Naghi Pour, Alireza Jafari Nezhad, Amir Hassankhani, Alireza Amir Maafi, and Siamak Geranmayeh. "Celiac disease in rheumatoid arthritis: A cross-sectional study in Iran." Indian Journal of Rheumatology 9, no. 4 (December 2014): 220–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.injr.2014.05.002.
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Lebwohl, Benjamin, Anders Sundström, Bana Jabri, Sonia S. Kupfer, Peter H. R. Green, and Jonas F. Ludvigsson. "Isotretinoin Use and Celiac Disease: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study." American Journal of Clinical Dermatology 15, no. 6 (July 15, 2014): 537–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40257-014-0090-8.
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Park, Jong Shin, Yong-Chan Chung, Sang Do Lee, Jae Whan Cho, and Byoung Chul Chun. "Shape memory effects of polyurethane block copolymers cross-linked by celite." Fibers and Polymers 9, no. 6 (December 2008): 661–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12221-008-0104-3.
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