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Journal articles on the topic 'Celtic words'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 28 May 2022

Last updated: 18 July 2025

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1

Todd, Loreto. "Where have all the Celtic words gone?" English Today 16, no. 3 (2000): 6–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266078400011706.

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2

Van Sluis, Paulus. "Beekeeping in Celtic and Indo-European." Studia Celtica 56, no. 1 (2022): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.16922/sc.56.1.

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This article reconstructs where, when and how Celtic speakers adopted beekeeping on the basis of the Celtic apicultural vocabulary. Following a short introduction giving the archaeological and historical background of beekeeping, it is argued that Celtic inherited a lexicon for bee produce from Proto-Indo-European (PIE), but not for bees or beehives. The various external sources and internal derivations for the remaining words in the apicultural lexicon are then employed to reconstruct in what periods and from what sources Celtic speakers adopted beekeeping. This reconstruction demonstrates th

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Stalmaszczyk, Piotr. "From 'Ambassador' to 'Whisky': A Note on Celtic Elements in Contemporary Polish Vocabulary." Studia Celto-Slavica 4 (2010): 125–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.54586/ttdb1714.

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The paper discusses elements of Celtic origin present in contemporary Polish vocabulary. Polish did not have any direct contacts with the Celtic languages, however, some elements of Celtic (i.e. Irish, Scottish Gaelic, Welsh, Breton) origin entered it via other languages, especially English and French. Additionally, several early borrowings from Continental Celtic spread through Latin, and subsequently the Romance languages, to other languages, including Polish, thus becoming internationalisms of Celtic origin. For the purpose of this paper all such indirect borrowings will be referred to as ‘

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Blažek, Václav. "On Specific Zoological Isoglosses between Celtic and (Balto-)Slavic." Studia Celto-Slavica 6 (2012): 17–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.54586/cqlp7556.

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This contribution deals with three major questions: 1. Was ‘eagle’ in Celtic and Balto-Slavic extended in -l- or in -r-? 2. Can Balto-Slavic ‘swan’ be etymologised as ‘beaked’ with the help of Celtic? 3. Can words for ‘fox’ be based on a Celto-Baltic or Celto-Slavic isogloss?

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Joseph, Lionel S. "Celtic Evidence Supporting Saussure's Iconicity Hypothesis." Studia Celtica 58, no. 1 (2024): 25–38. https://doi.org/10.16922/sc.58.2.

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Ferdinand de Saussure recognized that in Latin (and Greek) adjectives containing tautosyllabic a-diphthongs that have meanings associated with deviations from a norm are over-represented. 2 He called these deviations infirmités, 3 and said that in general, they represented crooked versus straight ('ópθóς ouδεξιóς', Rec. 595). I should make it clear from the outset that Saussure's approach was purely synchronic (to use his own term): he inspected the Latin and Greek lexica and identified those words that fit his categories. He did not perform even a rudimentary statistical analysis, so 'overrep

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Kalmar, Tomás Mario. "Asser’s Imitatio of Einhard: Clichés, Echoes, and Allusions." Eolas: Journal of the American Society for Irish Medieval Studies 7, no. 1 (2014): 65–91. https://doi.org/10.1353/eol.2014.a959685.

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Abstract: Asser’s deep roots in the Celtic Latin tradition have received recent attention as a source of his literary craftsmanship. For most of the twentieth century, everything Celtic and/or hagiographic in Asser’s Vita Ælfredi was treated as a lamentable weakness. Baffled by the way Asser interlaces allusions to Einhard, hagiographic clichés, and chiasmic echoes of his own words, the historian Galbraith mistook wordplay for forgery. Reading the Vita Ælfredi as literature, Walter Berschin advances the current paradigm shift in attitudes towards Asser’s achievement, enabling modern readers to

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Makaryshyn, Nadia. "CELTIC LANGUAGE ELEMENTS IN THE PLACE NAMES OF IRELAND." Inozenma Philologia, no. 133 (December 1, 2020): 125–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/fpl.2020.133.3177.

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The article deals with the culture and heritage of ancient Celts by analyzing the toponyms of Celtic origin in the Republic of Ireland, Northern Ireland, as well as in the places where the Irish diaspora is present. In accordance with the set goal, the article considers the cultural component in the meaning of linguistic units and the classifi cation of toponyms and their use in diff erent parts of the island. By the example of the analysis of the meaning of Celtic toponyms functioning in modern Ireland and Northern Ireland, it is shown that Celtic national heritage has not been lost. The stud

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Bojčić, Ivana, and Bernard Dukić. "Black(n)adder–Indo–European ancestry of the english language through words." Školski vjesnik 71, no. 2 (2022): 92–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.38003/sv.71.2.8.

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English language is a part of a wider, Indo-European, family of languages. It is a part of a Germanic group of languages that, alongside many other groups, originated from the reconstructed Proto – Indo – European language. English was the language of Germanic tribes of Angles and Saxons which inhabited Britain in the 5th century after the withdrawal of the Romans. The Germanic group of languages encompasses languages such as Dutch, German, Danish, Swedish, Norwegian and Icelandic and English. Germanic group of people was once in close contact with Celtic and Italic groups and earlier than tha

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Mikhailova, Tatyana A. "How to Say 'Road' in Irish: Towards Determining a Semantic Derivation of Item #67 (68) from the Swadesh List (Continental and Insular Celtic)." Studia Celto-Slavica 12 (2021): 14–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.54586/lsqo8401.

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The main goal of the paper is to study Celtic (especially Goidelic) words denoting ‘road’, to collect ranked synonyms, to give motivated etymologies, to exercise a diachronic and comparative study of the use of the names of the ‘road’ in Old, Middle and Modern Irish and in Scottish Gaelic (including comparative data from Continental Celtic and Insular Brittonic languages) and to reveal and describe supposed Goidelic innovations (slige, belach, bóthar). The final aim is to introduce Goidelic data into the described scheme of semantic shift.

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STIFTER, DAVID. "THE INVISIBLE THIRD. THE BASQUE AND CELTIC WORDS FOR 'SWALLOW'." Ériu 60, no. 1 (2010): 145–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/eri.2010.0000.

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Stifter, David. "THE INVISIBLE THIRD. THE BASQUE AND CELTIC WORDS FOR ‘SWALLOW’." ÉRIU 60, no. -1 (2010): 145–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3318/eriu.2010.60.145.

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Stifter, David. "The rise of gemination in Celtic." Open Research Europe 3 (February 2, 2023): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/openreseurope.15400.1.

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This study investigates systematically the emergence and establishment of geminate consonants as a phonological class in the Celtic branch of Indo-European. The approach of this study is comparative historical linguistics, drawing on diachronic structuralism combined with aspects of language contact studies and functional approaches to language usage. This study traces the development of geminates from Proto-Indo-European (fourth millennium b.c.), which did not allow geminate consonants, to the Common Celtic period (first millennium b.c.), when almost every consonant could occur as a singlet

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Stifter, David. "The rise of gemination in Celtic." Open Research Europe 3 (February 8, 2024): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/openreseurope.15400.2.

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This study investigates systematically the emergence and establishment of geminate consonants as a phonological class in the Celtic branch of Indo-European. The approach of this study is comparative historical linguistics, drawing on diachronic structuralism combined with aspects of language contact studies and functional approaches to language usage. This study traces the development of geminates from Proto-Indo-European (fourth millennium B.C.), which did not allow geminate consonants, to the Common Celtic period (first millennium B.C.), when almost every consonant could occur as a singleton

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Culpeper, Jonathan, and Alison Findlay. "National identities in the context of Shakespeare’s Henry V: Exploring contemporary understandings through collocations." Language and Literature: International Journal of Stylistics 29, no. 3 (2020): 203–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0963947020949437.

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Shakespeare’s clearest use of dialect for sociolinguistic reasons can be found in the play Henry V, where we meet the Welshman Captain Fluellen, the Scotsman Captain Jamy and the Irishman Captain Macmorris. But what might contemporary audiences have made of these Celtic characters? What popular understandings of Celtic identities did Shakespeare’s characters trigger? Recent technological developments, largely in the domain of corpus linguistics, have enabled us to construct robust but nuanced answers to such questions. In this study, we use CQPweb, a corpus analysis tool developed by Andrew Ha

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Harvey, Anthony. "Haunting Vocabulary and Celtic Lexicography: Towards a Taxonomy of Ghost Words." Studia Celtica Posnaniensia 4, no. 1 (2019): 44–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/scp-2019-0003.

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AbstractMost Humanities scholars probably have an intuitive sense of what is meant by a “ghost word” – it is a word that, in one way or another, exists as the result of someone’s unrecognized mistake. However, upon closer examination it becomes clear that the term is liable to be employed so broadly that important distinctions can be lost. For one thing, ghost words are often regarded simply as nuisances that should be deleted whenever they are detected. But in practice they often prove to be too useful simply to discard: this article presents some examples that have made their way into active

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Muradova, Anna. "Some Breton Words in the Dictionary of the Russian Empress." Studia Celto-Slavica 1 (2006): 143–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.54586/dbzc7654.

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The first mention of the Breton language in the Russian linguistical literature was made in the XVIII century when the Empress Catherine II decided to make a wide research in order to compose a dictionary where all the languages in the world would be represented. This work was carried out by a German scientist Peter Simon Pallas (1741–1811). He was the head of the Russian Academy of Sciences in the years 1768–1774, and he also took part in several expeditions in which he studied many regions of Russia, including Southern Siberia. The languages of the peoples living in different parts of Russia

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Witczak, Krzysztof Tomasz. "A Celtic Gloss in the Hesychian Lexicon." Studia Celto-Slavica 6 (2012): 31–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.54586/pjbw3825.

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The well known lexicon, prepared by Hesychios of Alexandria (5th or 6th cent. AD), contains a number of glosses which are defined as “Celtic” or as “Galatian”. However, most Hesychian glosses appears with no ethnic designation. Some of them can be convincingly treated as Celtic (especially Galatian) terms. There is also the case which is connected with the following gloss: mátan · hē lynx. énioi dè matakòs è matakón “mátan [means] she-lynx. Some [call lynx] matakós or matakón.” These three names for ‘lynx’ seem to possess exact and convincing equivalents only in the Celtic Insular languages. C

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FILPPULA, MARKKU, and JUHANI KLEMOLA. "Special issue on Re-evaluating the Celtic hypothesis." English Language and Linguistics 13, no. 2 (2009): 155–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1360674309002962.

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Present-day historians of English are widely agreed that, throughout its recorded history, the English language has absorbed linguistic influences from other languages, most notably Latin, Scandinavian, and French. What may give rise to differing views is the nature and extent of these influences, not the existence of them. Against the backdrop of this unanimity, it seems remarkable that there is one group of languages for which no such consensus exists, despite a close coexistence between English and these languages in the British Isles spanning more than one and a half millennia. This group

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19

Matasović, Ranko. "“Sun” and “Moon” in Celtic and Indo-European." Studia Celto-Slavica 2 (2009): 154–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.54586/jxqd2619.

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Firstly, there were two words for “sun” in PIE, a neuter abstract noun (*sh₂wor) and a masculine noun and theonym (*seh₂wōl). The reconstruction of a heteroclitic noun with the alternation of *l and *n is both inherently improbable and unwarranted by evidence. Secondly, there are several names of sun and moon formed with the suffix *-sn- in early IE dialects, and two of them are preserved in Celtic. Thirdly, in Celtic, nouns meaning ‘sun’ and ‘moon’ are generally derived from two types of roots: a) roots meaning ‘brilliance, light’; b) roots referring to physical shape and/or motion of the hea

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20

Simon, Zsolt. "Latin sāpō ‘hair-dye, soap’, the Germanic Words for Soap, and the Common Substrate of Celtic and Germanic." Amsterdamer Beiträge zur älteren Germanistik 80, no. 4 (2021): 391–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18756719-12340203.

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Abstract This article argues that the traditional etymology of Latin sāpō as a loanword from the Germanic words for ‘soap’ is phonologically not possible. Instead, it proposes a phonologically regular explanation: a loanword in both Germanic and Latin from the common Celtic-Germanic substrate (with Gaulish transmission in the case of Latin).

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21

Breeze, Andrew Charles. "The River Wharfe and Verbeia, Celtic Goddess." Traduction et Langues 17, no. 1 (2018): 8–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.52919/translang.v17i1.556.

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The Wharfe is a river of Yorkshire, in northern England. It was known to the Romans as 'Verbeia', also used of their fortress in what is now the town of Ilkley. Although 'Verbeia' is surely Celtic and ultimately gives the modern hydronym 'Wharfe', its meaning has been obscure. Comparison with other Celtic forms yet suggests the sense 'Powerful Striker, she who is Strong in Hitting'', with 'ver' as an intensive prefix and 'beia' related to British and Irish words for 'axe' and the like. The pagan Celts worshipped rivers as goddesses; the Wharfe is a formidable stream, liable to dangerous floods

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Wollman, Alfred. "Early Latin loan-words in Old English." Anglo-Saxon England 22 (December 1993): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263675100004282.

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It is a well-known fact that Old English is rich in Latin loan-words. Although the precise number is not yet known, it is a fairly safe assumption that there are at least 600 to 700 loan-words in Old English. This compares with 800 Latin loan-words borrowed in different periods in the Brittonic languages (Welsh, Cornish, Breton), and at least 500 early Latin loan-words common to the West Germanic languages. These rather vague overall numbers do not lend themselves, however, to a serious analysis of Latin influence on the Germanic and Celtic languages, because they include different periods of

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23

Stifter, David. "Contributions to Celtiberian Etymology III: The Bronze of Novallas (Z.02.01)." Palaeohispanica. Revista sobre lenguas y culturas de la Hispania Antigua 22 (December 28, 2022): 131–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.36707/palaeohispanica.v22i0.450.

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This article makes etymological proposals for five words in the Celtiberian inscription from Novallas (Z.02.01): the place name TERGAⱾ is connected with Western Indo-European *tergo- ‘market’; DOIBIM is explained as a dative dual *dou̯ibim ‘to the two’; the gerund DVNDOM ‘to give’ is analysed as *dh₃(u)-un-do-; MEDOM is compared with Old Irish med ‘measure, balance’ and Welsh medd ‘authority’; and the fragmentary DERNV[ is compared with words for ‘hand’ or ‘palm’ in other Celtic languages. It is suggested to transcribe the new sibilant sign of Celtiberian with Ȿ (Unicode 2C7E).

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Aliyeva, E. "BORROWED WORDS AND THEIR USAGE DEGREE IN ENGLISH RIDDLES." Sciences of Europe, no. 135 (February 26, 2024): 72–73. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10704555.

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Riddles being one of the oldest and richest genres of folklore are valuable treasure of word reflecting the history, spiritual values, customs and traditions of the people in themselves. Borrowed words in the English riddles are highlighted in the article. The article determines riddles as short works the basis of which is a witty, metaphorical question that involves an answer. It should be noted that the vocabulary of the language is enriched in a number of ways and methods, in addition to internal capabilities. Words or borrowings from other languages in connection with this or that need are

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Lloyd, Albert L. "Germanic Evidence for a Neglected Indo-European Root." American Journal of Germanic Linguistics and Literatures 1, no. 1 (1989): 53–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1470542700000064.

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ABSTRACTAn IE root *bhel(ə)- ‘strike, hit, hew, chop’, although not included in the standard IE etymological dictionaries, is shown to underly a number of etymologically obscure Germanic words, such as OHG bolz(o) ‘bolt’, Go. bliggwan ‘to beat’, OIcel. bella ‘to hit’, blak ‘slap, blow’, OHG blast ‘a throwing to the ground’, OHG bloh, bloc ‘block of wood’, and possibly OHG balko ‘beam’. Since related words can be found in Italic, Celtic, Baltic, and perhaps also Slavic and Greek, there would seem to be sufficient justification for the addition of this root to the inventory of recognized IE root

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Spânu, Daniel. "O fibulă cu sfere de la Poienești și orizontul La Tène C1 extracarpatic / A fibula with globules (Gebhard 14 type) from Poieneşti and the extra-Carpathian La Tène C1 horizon." Materiale şi cercetãri arheologice (Serie nouã) 18, no. 1 (2022): 75–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/mcarh.2022.2271.

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Without forming a well‑defined regional group, the relatively synchronous “Celtic” extracarpathian discoveries (LT C1) form a distinct horizon. For the name of this horizon, one could appeal to the funerary discoveries from Glăvănești (in Moldova) and Telești (in Oltenia). The Glăvănești‑Telești horizon is subsequent to the “Getic” horizon of the Thracian fibulae (Zimnicea‑Peretu group) which, in turn, can be synchronized for the time being only to the early La Tène (LT B1– B2). In addition to the chronological justification, the succession of these “horizons” also has a cultural one. The magn

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Champion, J. A. I. "John Toland, the druids, and the politics of Celtic scholarship." Irish Historical Studies 32, no. 127 (2001): 321–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021121400015042.

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In dedicating hisSpecimen of the critical history of the Celtic religion and learningto Robert, Lord Molesworth, John Toland carefully outlined his attitude to historical writing: the ‘fundamental law of a historian is, daring to say whatever is true, and not daring to write any falsehood; neither being swayed by love nor hatred, nor gain’d by favour or interest: so he ought of course to be as a man of no time or country, of no sect or party: which I hope the several nations, concern’d in this present enquiry, will find to be particularly true of me’. These words, it will be contended, ought t

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Jorgensen, Anders. "Middle Welsh dihynnyon ‘fragments, bits of meat’ and Breton dienn, Cornish dehen ‘cream’." Studia Celtica Fennica 20 (November 4, 2024): 11–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.33353/scf.145653.

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This paper argues for an interpretation of Middle Welsh dihynnion as ‘skimmings’, i.e. ‘scum and fat skimmed from the cooking-pot’, rather than the traditional ‘fragments, bits of meat’. With this interpretation, Middle Welsh dihynnion can be connected to the otherwise etymologically isolated Breton dienn and Cornish dehen ‘cream’. All three words are derived from a Proto-Brittonic compound verb *di-hɪnn- ‘to skim, to scoop off’ which in turn ultimately stems from the Proto-Celtic verbal root *sem- ‘to pour, to scoop’.

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Stifter, David. "An apple a day …" Indogermanische Forschungen 124, no. 1 (2019): 171–218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/if-2019-0006.

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Zusammenfassung This article presents hitherto overlooked evidence that suggests that the Old Irish word for the ‘apple’, ubull, was originally a neuter u-stem. This is then integrated into a general picture of the words for ‘apple’ in Celtic and Indo-European. Along the way, several other problems are discussed: it is demonstrated that the normal, if not regular, genitive plural of neuter u-stems in Old Irish had the ending -Ø; the rules for the operation of MacNeill’s Law after b /β/ are refined; and the question of the regular reflex of *su̯ in Old Irish is investigated.

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Sayers, W. "Celtic, Germanic and Romance Interaction in the Development of Some English Words in the Popular Register." Notes and Queries 54, no. 2 (2007): 132–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/notesj/gjm059.

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Sedakova, Irina, Mare Kõiva, Terry Gunnell, Žilvytis Šaknys, Laurent S. Fournier, and Neill Martin. "Emily Lyle’s Jubilee." Yearbook of Balkan and Baltic Studies 5 (December 2022): 317–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.7592/ybbs5.14.

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On December 19, Dr Emily Lyle, Honorary Fellow at the Department of Celtic and Scottish Studies, in the School of Literatures, Languages and Cultures, University of Edinburgh, celebrated her ninetieth birthday. Emily is a prominent folklorist, a researcher of ritual calendars, myths, astronomy, and cosmology, a semiotician and a typologist, a connoisseur of Scottish folklore and culture, just to mention a few of her fields of interest. To honour this outstanding scholar, who founded the SIEF (Société Internationale d’Ethnologie et de Folklore) Ritual Year Working Group in 2004, the members of

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Li, Zhenyu. "The Reduction of Ethnicity in Myths from the Perspective of Translator’s Subjectivity." International Journal of Education and Social Development 2, no. 2 (2025): 56–63. https://doi.org/10.54097/c4jenw97.

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As a treasure of human civilization, myths carry the historical and cultural essence of various ethnic groups. The accurate communication of their ethnicity is particularly important in cross-cultural communication. This study focuses on the challenge in conveying ethnicity elements in the translation of myths, taking William Butler Yeats’ book The Celtic Twilight as an example, and discusses in depth the important role of translator’s subjectivity in the translation process. The study analyses two translation versions, and explores different translators’ subjectivity in the translation of myt

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Lowe, John. "The Socio-historical Racialization of Asians in New Zealand." Comparative Sociology 15, no. 2 (2016): 232–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15691330-12341386.

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This article seeks to establish comparability and continuity to past and present anti-Asiatic racisms in New Zealand society. In the years after 1986, the acceptance of non-European immigrants to New Zealand has drawn criticisms from both the dominant Anglo-Celtic majority in conjunction with the country’s indigenous Maori population. At a time when Asian minority subaltern existence fails to challenge the dominant discourse that has forestalled the state subvention of multiculturalism, it is hoped that this work provides conceptual clarity on the similarities and differences that exist betwee

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Savranchuk, I. P., and N. M. Tkhor. "STRUCTURAL AND SEMANTIC FEATURES OF BRITISH TOPONYMS." Writings in Romance-Germanic Philology, no. 1(52) (June 25, 2024): 171–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.18524/2307-4604.2024.1(52).310319.

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The article is devoted to the review of structural and semantic features of British toponyms. The study of toponyms helps to understand the linguistic image of the world, highlighting ethnic experience and culture. Toponyms are important as means of transmitting historical, cultural, and other information across generations, which makes their study relevant in linguistics. The proper names of British territories are very diverse, as the country has been home to various civilizations and peoples for many centuries, each of which contributed to the language through their own names. In this work,

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Zair, Nicholas. "British *-<em>āṷ</em>- and *-<em>āg</em>-, and the Celtic words for ‘sun’". Die Sprache 49, № 2 (2012): 194–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.13173/spr.49.2.194.

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qizi, Yoqubova Mahliyo Jabborali. "INFLUENCE OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE." International Journal Of Literature And Languages 4, no. 2 (2024): 16–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/ijll/volume04issue02-04.

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English is a West Germanic language that originated from Anglo-Frisian dialects brought to Britain in the mid 5th to 7th centuries AD by Anglo-Saxon migrants from what is now northwest Germany, west Denmark and the Netherlands. The language has undergone major changes and developments in its pronunciation, vocabulary, grammar, and orthography throughout its over 1500 year history. This article provides an overview of the key influences and developments that have shaped the English language into its present global form. It examines the linguistic influences of Celtic, Norse, French, Latin, Gree

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Parina, Elena. "Loanwords in Welsh: Frequency Analysis on the Basis of Cronfa Electronaeg o Gymraeg." Studia Celto-Slavica 3 (2010): 183–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.54586/hyzy2398.

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The Welsh language adopted words from several languages, the most important being Latin, Norman French and English. As noted by Prof. Hildegard Tristram, the issues of English influence on the Insular Celtic languages did not receive due attention because of political undercurrents of the British Isles [Tristram 2002: 258]. The research of T.H. Parry-Williams [Parry-Williams 1924] still remains the main work on the subject. The prevailing view of the Welsh-speaking community on this topic can be seen in the name of a series of articles in the Mabon journal during the 1970s: Sut i beidio ag ysg

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MĂNĂILESCU, Sorana. "The Bible and Musical Postmodernism." Bulletin of the Transilvania University of Braşov. Series VIII:Performing Arts 14(63), Special Issue (2022): 117–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.31926/but.pa.2021.14.63.3.11.

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The paper examines formal changes of traditional church music in postmodernism: the choice of brief passages in the Bible characterised by soul searching (Jesus musing on his destiny, experiencing confusion about his purpose and mission), heroic acts (Esther and Judith saving the Jewish people), self-sacrifice and moral fables rather than key chapters of dogmatic stringency. Characteristic of postmodernist aesthetics are the combination of high and low art, fragmentation, and hybridity. Music rooted in the Bible draws on heterogeneous sources, such as medieval religious mysteries (the Wakefiel

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Quin, Sophie. "Viewing the (Re)Animated Irish Elk and Wolf: Identity Formation in Animated Films The Last Elk (1998) and Wolfwalkers (2020)." Estudios Irlandeses, no. 20 (March 17, 2025): 106–17. https://doi.org/10.24162/ei2025-13296.

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This paper considers how the Irish elk and wolf, two species long extinct within Ireland, are imbued with symbolic national and cultural significance in Cartoon Saloon’s feature film Wolfwalkers (Moore and Stewart 2020) and Brown Bag’s short The Last Elk (Shannon 1998). Lauri Honko’s concept of identity formation, built upon the key words “history”, “myth” and “symbol”, provides a methodological approach, allowing the viewer to explore how the wolf and Irish elk became symbolic of a naturalised “Irishness” within these animated fiction films. Analysis of character and environmental design deci

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Rose, Anne C. "“Race” Speech—“Culture” Speech—“Soul” Speech: The Brief Career of Social-Science Language in American Religion during the Fascist Era." Religion and American Culture: A Journal of Interpretation 14, no. 1 (2004): 83–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/rac.2004.14.1.83.

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AbstractBeginning in the 1920s, American religious liberals borrowed language from the social sciences to describe the social experience of religion. Wishing to foster tolerance at a time when ethnic hatreds increasingly controlled world politics, they tried to drop the word “race” as the equivalent for a religious community and instead depict religions as cultural units by substituting terms like “group.” This was part of a broad intellectual transition in the free West. Long-standing biological models of society, assuming racial differences, gave way to explanations of human behavior emphasi

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Roller, Lynn E. "Hellenistic Epigraphic Texts from Gordion." Anatolian Studies 37 (December 1987): 103–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3642892.

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The excavations at Gordion have produced extensive material to be added to the epigraphical record of central Anatolia. Included in this are 187 Phrygian texts written in the epichoric script of Gordion, which have recently been published by Claude Brixhe and Michel Lejeune, and a large body of pottery marks, numerical texts, and other non-verbal graffiti, which has been studied by the present author. There is in addition a quantity of epigraphical material from the Hellenistic levels at Gordion not discussed in these two works. While their individual character is quite varied, these Hellenist

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Nepal, Aaradh, and Francesco Perono Cacciafoco. "Minoan Cryptanalysis: Computational Approaches to Deciphering Linear A and Assessing Its Connections with Language Families from the Mediterranean and the Black Sea Areas." Information 15, no. 2 (2024): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info15020073.

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During the Bronze Age, the inhabitants of regions of Crete, mainland Greece, and Cyprus inscribed their languages using, among other scripts, a writing system called Linear A. These symbols, mainly characterized by combinations of lines, have, since their discovery, remained a mystery. Not only is the corpus very small, but it is challenging to link Minoan, the language behind Linear A, to any known language. Most decipherment attempts involve using the phonetic values of Linear B, a grammatological offspring of Linear A, to ‘read’ Linear A. However, this yields meaningless words. Recently, no

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Sen, Malcolm. ""Dragon-Ridden" Days: Yeats, Apocalypse, and the Anthropocene." International Yeats Studies 4, no. 1 (2020): 111–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.34068/iys.04.01.09.

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Dragons, being imaginary creatures, escape the umbra of extinction shadowing multiple species on earth today. We can trace their lineage from Homer (at least in the European tradition) to the personal mount of of Daenerys Targaryen, Drogon, in Game of Thrones; or, from Beowulf to J. R.R. Tolkien’s The Hobbit. Because they are textual creatures, dragons display a re-silience and capacity to mutate that makes them eloquent ontological signifiers in mythic narratives, as motifs of epistemological uncertainty in folklore and cultural memory, and as embodiments of extra-human/pre-modern intrusions

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Parkes, Robert, Debra Donnelly, and Heather Sharp. "The History teacher as public historian." Historical Encounters: A Journal of Historical Consciousness, Historical Culture, and History Education 10, no. 1 (2023): 30–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.52289/hej10.103.

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Educators have long been aware of the role that schools, and specific school subjects, play in nation-building, including the ways in which national consciousness is perceived to be shaped within the classroom. This makes the historical narratives that future history teachers mobilise of particular interest to researchers. This paper draws on research from the Remembering Australia’s Past (RAP) project conducted with pre-service History teachers from the University of Newcastle, who studied history at school during the period of the ‘history wars’ (Clark, 2008). Drawing on a methodology develo

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Ulloa, Karolina. "The Importance of Being Normal: The Circulation of Affects in Sally Rooney’s Short Fiction." Nuevas Poligrafías. Revista de Teoría Literaria y Literatura Comparada, no. 11 (March 14, 2025): 29–48. https://doi.org/10.22201/ffyl.29544076.2025.11.2152.

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When defining the short story, Ireland’s alleged eminent prose form, Frank O’Connor surmised that its fictional worlds orbited toward the incapacity to accept a “normal society.” In other words, he deemed it a vehicle for abnormal characters. To continue the dialogue fostered by this canonical study, I propose that what lies underneath O’Connor’s observations is not a clear-cut differentiation between the two sides of the spectrum, but rather a quest for normalcy, which I pose as a quest for belonging. The first decade of the new millennium witnessed the collapse of the Celtic Tiger, whose neo

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Hannahs, S. J. "Celtic initial mutation: pattern extraction and subcategorisation." Word Structure 6, no. 1 (2013): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/word.2013.0033.

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In this paper I argue that initial consonant mutation in the Celtic languages does not involve synchronically derived phonological alternation, nor is it the product of full lexical listing of alternant wordforms. Rather, Celtic initial mutation involves associations of consonants represented in the lexicon which relate a specific initial consonant of a radical form to its associated mutation reflexes. Together with subcategorisation, which ensures that the correct mutation reflex of a wordform appears in the correct environment, the appropriate initial consonant is selected from an associatio

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Perera, Sylvia Brinton. "Celtic ways between worlds." Psychological Perspectives 46, no. 1 (2003): 38–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00332920308405768.

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Perera, Sylvia Brinton. "Celtic ways between worlds." Psychological Perspectives 47, no. 1 (2004): 68–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00332920408407126.

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Coates, Richard. "The Island Name Krk, Croatia, in its Mediterranean and European Context." Вопросы ономастики 17, no. 3 (2020): 186–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/vopr_onom.2020.17.3.039.

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Krk is one of the two largest islands in the Adriatic archipelago of Croatia, along with Cres. Its name has been discussed most recently by Dubravka Ivšić Majić (Voprosy Onomastiki 16.1, 2019) in the context of an analysis of the survival of the pre-Slavic names of islands presently in Croatia that are recorded in medieval sources, which is based in part on her doctoral dissertation. However, Krk has apparently never been discussed in the wider perspective that is attempted here. The purposes of this article are (1) to examine a moderately large range of similar names in or adjacent to the Med

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Blecic-Kavur, Martina, and Boris Kavur. "Grave 22 of the Belgrade necropolis in Karaburma: Retrospective and perspective." Starinar, no. 60 (2010): 57–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sta1060057b.

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Almost four decades after its discovery was initially announced, the Celtic necropolis in Karaburma, a suburb of Belgrade, is still one of the most important archaeological sites for the interpretation of the historical, economic, and cultural processes taking place in the central Balkans from the 4th to the end of the 1st centuries B.C. Most of all, it represents a wide-ranging source for explaining the chronology of the oldest Celtic presence in this area, also illustrating cultural exchanges in the network in which they were included. In this necropolis, belonging to the regional military e

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