Journal articles: 'Celts – Europe'

1

SHCHUKIN, MARK. "THE CELTS IN EASTERN EUROPE." Oxford Journal of Archaeology 14, no. 2 (July 1995): 201–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0092.1995.tb00394.x.

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Megaw, Vincent. "Identifying Celts." Antiquity 90, no. 349 (February 2016): 245–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.15184/aqy.2015.195.

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The Council of Europe declared 1992 to be the ‘Year of the Ancient Celts’, yet books dealing with the Celts—Celts in the past, Celts today, Celts who never existed—continue to appear unabated. The titles reviewed here are characteristic of three of the main categories of such fare: exhibition catalogues, general introductions and just nice books to look at.

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Karl, Raimund. "The Celts in Antiquity: Crossing the Divide Between Ancient History and Archaeology." Revista Brasileira de História 40, no. 84 (August 2020): 167–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1806-93472020v40n84-08.

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ABSTRACT One historical actor in Antiquity are the populations of Western-Central Europe, commonly called ‘Celts’ by classical authors. Themselves (mostly) illiterate until approximately the 1st century BC/AD, reports about them, written by foreigners like Polybius, Caesar, Diodorus and others have survived. The study of ‘Celtic’ societies thus can hardly rely on classical historiography, but is mainly based on archaeology. Historical sources and archaeology are difficult to reconcile, even if common themes can be identified in both types of sources. This article examines the differences, but also similarities between the various ‘Celtic’ societies of Europe and their neighbours, and the use of the term ‘the Celts’. The case study of the excavations at Meillionydd in North Wales is used to demonstrate how different types of source material and local and global scales can be integrated into a single, coherent explanatory model.

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Treister, Michail Ju. "The Celts in the north Pontic area: a reassessment." Antiquity 67, no. 257 (December 1993): 789–804. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00063791.

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The recent great exhibition in Venice of Celtic art and artefacts showed once again the intriguing attraction of the Celtic traditions, so influential in our view of old Europe, both western and central. But what about the Celts in the east, and specifically in the region to the north and west of the Black Sea? And what is the relation between that artefactual evidence, Celtic artefacts in the west, and the evidence from the documents?

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Hoffmann, Birgitta, and Peter S. Wells. "Beyond Celts, Germans and Scythians. Archaeology and Identity in Iron Age Europe." Classics Ireland 9 (2002): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/25549959.

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Wells, Peter S. "Identities, Material Culture, and Change: 'Celts' and 'Germans' in Late-Iron-Age Europe." Journal of European Archaeology 3, no. 2 (September 1995): 169–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/096576695800703711.

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Borsje, Jacqueline. "The Secret of the Celts Revisited." Religion & Theology 24, no. 1-2 (2017): 130–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15743012-02401007.

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What makes the Celts so popular today? Anton van Hamel and Joep Leerssen published on the popularity of imagery connected with pre-Christian Celts, Van Hamel seeing the holistic worldview and Leerssen mysteriousness as appealing characteristics. They explain waves of ‘Celtic revival’ that washed over Europe as reaction and romanticising movements that search for alternatives from contemporaneous dominant culture. Each period has produced its modernized versions of the Celtic past. Besides periodical heightened interest in things Celtic, Van Hamel saw a permanent basis of attraction in Celtic texts, which accommodate ‘primitive’ and romantic mentalities. This article also analyses Celtic Christianity (through The Celtic Way by Ian Bradley and The Celtic Way of Prayer by Esther de Waal) on the use of Celtic texts and imagery of Celtic culture. Two case studies are done (on the use of the Old-Irish Deer’s Cry and the description of a nineteenth-century Scottish ritual). Both the current search for ‘spirituality’ and the last wave of ‘Celtic revival’ seem to have sprung from a reaction movement that criticizes dominant religion/culture and seek inspiration and precursors in an idealized past. The roots of this romantic search for a lost paradise are, however, also present in medieval Irish literature itself. Elements such as aesthetics, imaginative worlds and the posited lost beauty of pre-industrial nature and traditional society are keys in explaining the bridges among the gap between ‘us’ and the Celts. The realization that Celtic languages are endangered or dead heightens the feeling of loss because they are the primary gates towards this lost way of (thinking about) life.

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Barjaktarovic, Mirko. "On the ethnogenetic processes in Pancevo and its surroundings." Zbornik Matice srpske za drustvene nauke, no. 116-117 (2004): 269–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/zmsdn0417269b.

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This paper discusses inter-ethnic contacts and ethonogenetic processes in lower Banat. This part of the Danube region attracted various nations (the Dacians, Romans, Celts, Avars, Slavs, Hungarians, Romanians, Germans) from ancient times. From the 18th century, one could follow the cultural influences of western Europe which came with the settled Germans. After World War II, the Serbs, Macedonians, Moslems were settled there instead of the emigrated Germans. Thus the inter-ethnic contacts of different nations continued further on. Still, in this part of Banat, from Middle Ages the basic ethnic characteristics have been related to the Serbs.

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ZAJKOŬSKI, Edvard. "SLAVONIC BURIAL WITH WOODEN BUCKETS: THE AREA OF SPREAD, CHRONOLOGY, ROOTS OF THE TRADITION, SEMANTICS." Materials and Studies on Archaeology of Sub-Carpathian and Volhynian Area 22 (December 11, 2018): 135–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.33402/mdapv.2018-22-135-155.

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One of the attributes of funeral implements of Slavs in XІ–XІІ centuries were wooden buckets, which were absent in Eastern Europe only in barrows of Ilmen Slavs, Vjatichi, partially Kryvichs. They are also found in those burial grounds, where the burials of Scandinavians were. At the same time, wooden buckets were present in necropolises in the vastness of Poland, Slovakia and Czechia. In two last countries, this tradition was common still from VI–VII centuries and most likely was borrowed from German tribe of Longobards. Sufficiently early, the similar burials emerged on the Slavs territories of Transylvania and Croatia (including Adriatic coast). In the Roman influence period, wooden buckets were came across rather often in burial grounds of the Przeworsk culture, Luboszice culture, the Wielbark culture and other Germanic ethnical cultures. In turn, Germanic tribes borrowed the custom to bury with buckets from the Celts (the La Tène culture). Written histories of Kievan Rus' times, some archaeological finds, as well as more the late folklore give ground to reveal the semantics of the bucket in intellectual culture as marriage-sexual symbol. Key words: Slavs, wooden buckets, funeral implements, Germanic tribes, Celts, marriage-sexual symbol.

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Orlyansky, Evgeny. "The main features of the economic ethics of European paganism." SHS Web of Conferences 101 (2021): 02003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202110102003.

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This article is devoted to the study of the main distinguishing features of the economic ethics of religious and mythological systems of the main ancient ethnic groups of Europe in the pagan era. The economic ethics of these systems is the very first foundation of the Christian economic ethics that dominated in the traditional market economy. It formed the basis for its development in ancient philosophy and, then, in Christianity. This economic ethics is most clearly expressed in ancient Greek mythology. But it is not limited to this, and its main features are also present in the religious and mythological systems of other European ethnic groups (Scandinavians, Celts, Balts, Slavs), which gives it the universal character.

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Giladi, Amotz. "Anti-Latin race-based nationalism in early twentieth-century France: An examination of Robert Pelletier’s pan-Celtic and Slavophile journals." Journal of European Studies 50, no. 2 (June 2020): 143–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0047244120918465.

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In the late nineteenth century, several pan-nationalist movements – pan-Germanism, pan-Slavism, pan-Latinism, pan-Celticism – arose in Europe. In France, pan-Latinism and pan-Celticism promoted competing visions of the country’s culture, respectively emphasizing its Latin and Celtic legacies. Two journals published in the 1910s, L’Étendard celtique and Revue des nations were founded by the writer Robert Pelletier to advance pan-Celticism. Their purpose was twofold: to advocate a return to France’s Celtic traditions and to promote the idea of a ‘racial’ link between Celts and Slavs. Calling for a ‘Celtic–Slavic’ alliance, these Slavophile journals expressed solidarity with oppressed Slavic peoples, especially in the context of the Balkan Wars. Pelletier’s promotion of pan-Celticism and pan-Slavism as two affiliated currents stemmed from both his rejection of pan-Latinism and his hope that connecting with the powerful pan-Slavic movement could facilitate French pan-Celticism’s emergence on the European stage.

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Carroll, Maureen. "P. S. Wells, Beyond Celts, Germans and Scythians. Archaeology and Identity in Iron age Europe. London: Duckworth, 2002. Pp. 160, illus. ISBN 0-7156-3036-9. £11.99." Journal of Roman Studies 97 (November 2007): 366–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0075435800004020.

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Marchenko, Z. V., S. V. Svyatko, V. I. Molodin, A. E. Grishin, and M. P. Rykun. "Radiocarbon Chronology of Complexes With Seima-Turbino Type Objects (Bronze Age) in Southwestern Siberia." Radiocarbon 59, no. 5 (June 21, 2017): 1381–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/rdc.2017.24.

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AbstractThis paper discusses the chronology of burial grounds containing specific Seima-Turbino type bronze weaponry (spears, knives, and celts). The “transcultural” Seima-Turbino phenomenon relates to a wide distribution of specific objects found within the sites of different Bronze Age cultures in Eurasia, not immediately related to each other. The majority of the Seima-Turbino objects represent occasional findings, and they are rarely recovered from burial grounds. Here, we present a new set of14C dates from cemeteries in western Siberia, including the key Asian site Rostovka, with the largest number of graves containing Seima-Turbino objects. Currently, the presented database is the most extensive for the Seima-Turbino complexes. The resulting radiocarbon (14C) chronology for the western Siberian sites (22nd–20th centuries cal BC) is older than the existing chronology based on typological analysis (16th–15th centuries BC) and some earlier14C dates for the Seima-Turbino sites in eastern Europe. Another important aspect of this work is14C dating of complexes within specific bronze objects—daggers with figured handles—which some researchers have related to the Seima-Turbino type objects. These items are mostly represented by occasional finds in Central Asia, however, in western Siberia these have been recovered from burials, too. The14C dating attributes these daggers to the end of the 3rd millennium cal BC, suggesting their similar timing to the Seima-Turbino objects. Further research into freshwater reservoir offsets in the region is essential for a more reliable reconstruction of the chronology of the Seima-Turbino phenomenon and the daggers with figured handles.

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Strechie, Mădălina. "The Dacians, The Wolf Warriors." International conference KNOWLEDGE-BASED ORGANIZATION 23, no. 2 (June 25, 2017): 367–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/kbo-2017-0144.

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Abstract The Dacians, a very important Indo-European people of the ancient world, were, like all Indo-European peoples, highly trained in the art of war. The legends of the ancient world placed the worship of Ares/Mars, the god of war, in the world of the Thracians, the Dacians being the most important of the Thracians, by the creation of a state and by their remarkable civilization, where war generated rank. The Dacian leaders, military aristocrats, Tarabostes are similar to the Bharathi of the Aryans, therefore the accounts of Herodotus, the father of history, who called the Thracians (including the Dacians, the northern Thracians), “the most important of the Indo-Europeans, after the race of the Indians” (i.e. the Persians and the Aryans, their relatives), also have a military meaning. The totemic symbol of the wolf was much present in Europe, especially with Indo-European peoples, like the Spartans, the aristocrats of war, but mostly with the Romans, the gendarmes of the ancient world. But the Dacians honoured this majestic animal above all, not only as a symbol of the state, but also, apparently, as their eponym. As warriors, the Dacians lay under the sign of the wolf, their battle flag, and acted like real wolves against their enemies, whether they were Celts, during the reign of Burebista, or Romans, during the reign of Decebalus. The Dacians made history in the military art, being perfectly integrated, after the Roman conquest, in the largest and best trained army of the ancient world, the Roman army. Moreover, the wolf warriors, mastering the equestrian art, were a success in the special, though auxiliary troops of the famous equites singulares in the Roman army. If the Romans were the eagles of war, the Dacians were its wolves, these two symbols best illustrating the military art of all times.

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БЕСОЛОВА, Е. Б. "ETHNIC AND CULTURAL INFLUENCE OF THE ANCESTORS OF OSSETIANS ON THE FORMATION OF MYTHOLOGICAL, EPIC AND CULTURAL SYSTEMS OF THE EUROPEAN NATIONS." Kavkaz-forum, no. 6(13) (June 21, 2021): 26–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.46698/vnc.2021.13.6.002.

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В причудливом преломлении преданий и легенд кельтов и сказаний о нартах осетин отражаются исторические события далеких времен. Любое предание, каждый кадæг основывается в той или иной мере на реальной жизни народа, изображает народный быт и знания, религиозные представления, социальные, моральные отношения, философские взгляды. Эта энциклопедичность выражения своеобразия обычаев, нравов, философских, эстетических и морально-этических воззрений лежит в основе и ирландского, и осетинского эпического наследия. В статье предпринята попытка определить этнокультурное влияние предков осетин на формирование мифологических, эпических и культурных систем народов Европы; выявить соответствия, возникшие в эпоху индоевропейского культурного сообщества, в кельтской и скифо-осетинской мифологии. Автор статьи на основе архаичности осетинской Нартиады и кельтских преданий и легенд выделяет общие элементы в культуре единого индоевропейского общества, а также совокупность общих мотивов в двух легендах – кельтской и осетинской. Публикация дополняет разработку вопроса кельтско-скифо-осетинских мифологических и фольклорных схождений Ж. Дюмезиля, Ж. Грисвара и ряда других ученых. Высказывается мысль, что религиозные представления народов индоевропейской языковой семьи заключали в себе схожие положения, установки и предпосылки, бравших начало в общем источнике мифологических концепций и основывавшихся на одной и той же мифологической базе. Сказания о нартах осетин и легенды и предания кельтов объединяла включенность в параллельные и идентичные системы, системы организации однородного эпического мира, способствовавших сохранению древних элементов. Historical events of distant times are reflected in the bizarre refraction of the legends about the Ossetian Narts and the traditions and legends of the Celts. Any legend, each kadæg is based in one way or another on the real life of the people, depicts folk life and knowledge, religious ideas, social, moral relations, and philosophical views. This encyclopedic expression of the uniqueness of customs, mores, philosophical, aesthetic and moral-ethical views is the basis of both the Irish and Ossetian epic heritage. The article attempts to determine the ethno-cultural influence of the ancestors of the Ossetians on the formation of mythological, epic and cultural systems of the peoples of Europe; identify compliance arising in the era of Indo-European cultural community, in Celtic and Scythian-Ossetian mythology. On the basis of archaic Nart Ossetian and Celtic legends and legends the author identifies common elements in the culture of common Indo-European society, as well as a set of common motifs in the two legends – Celtic and Ossetian. The publication complements the elaboration of the issue of Celtic-Scythian-Ossetian mythological and folklore convergence by J. Dumezil, J. Grisvard and a number of other scientists. The idea advanced is that the religious ideas of the peoples of the Indo-European language family contained similar provisions, attitudes and preconditions that originated in a common source of mythological concepts and were based on the same mythological basis. The legends about the Ossetian Narts and the legends and traditions of the Celts are rooted in their inclusion in parallel and identical systems, systems of organizing a homogeneous epic world that contributed to the preservation of ancient elements.

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Ferreira, Joao Nuno, Alf Hansen, Tomaz Klobucar, Klaus-Peter Kossakowski, Manuel Medina, Damir Rajnovic, Olaf Schjelderup, and Don Stikvoort. "CERTs in Europe." Computer Networks and ISDN Systems 28, no. 14 (November 1996): 1947–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0169-7552(96)00096-7.

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Zegers, P. "Fuel cells in Europe." Journal of Power Sources 29, no. 1-2 (January 1990): 133–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-7753(90)80014-5.

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Razvi, Enal. "Stem Cells Europe 2008." Regenerative Medicine 4, no. 1 (January 2009): 133–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/17460751.4.1.133.

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Gruss, P. "Human ES Cells in Europe." Science 301, no. 5636 (August 22, 2003): 1017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.301.5636.1017.

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Sariciftci, Niyazi Serder. "Nanowatch Europe: Nanocomposite-Based “Plastic” Solar Cells." Electrochemical Society Interface 12, no. 1 (March 1, 2003): 16–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/2.f03031if.

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21

Treichel, Pierre. "Patenting of human embryonic stem cells in Europe." Biotechnology Journal 4, no. 4 (April 2009): 462–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/biot.200900022.

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Warkup, C. "Biotechnology – opportunities for Europe." BSAP Occasional Publication 31 (2004): 135–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263967x00040337.

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The title of this paper, as proposed by the meeting organisers, implies that Europe is different when it comes to biotechnology. In the early years of the 21st Century, even an impartial observer would agree that Europe differs from most of the rest of the world in its attitudes to at least one biotechnology – Genetically Modified (GM) crops. On the other hand, parts of Europe are seen as relatively enthusiastic about applications of biotechnology in human medicine. Take for instance, the UK's stance on research with human stem cells. Do these differences reflect permanent differences or merely a more cautious approach in Europe to the adoption of biotechnology in food production? Does this matter to pig producers?This paper seeks to give a broad and shallow overview of the opportunities for developments in biotechnology to impact on pig production. It will consider which of the many potential new technologies, if they were available now, might be acceptable in Europe and what might be the consequences of failure to access technologies that others exploit.

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23

Bouvet, P. "Patentability of inventions involving human stem cells in Europe." Journal of Commercial Biotechnology 9, no. 1 (September 1, 2002): 40–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jcb.3040006.

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Spranger, Tade Matthias. "Legal Status and Patentability of Stem Cells in Europe." Biotechnology Law Report 21, no. 2 (April 2002): 105–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/07300310252962019.

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Porter, Gerard, Chris Denning, Aurora Plomer, John Sinden, and Paul Torremans. "The patentability of human embryonic stem cells in Europe." Nature Biotechnology 24, no. 6 (June 2006): 653–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0606-653.

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Güralp, H., K. Pocherniaieva, M. Blecha, T. Policar, M. Pšenička, and T. Saito. "Migration of primordial germ cells during late embryogenesis of pikeperch Sander lucioperca relative to blastomere transplantation." Czech Journal of Animal Science 62, No. 3 (March 10, 2017): 121–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/40/2016-cjas.

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Pikeperch Sander lucioperca is a valuable fish in Europe, and basic information about its embryonic development, especially primordial germ cell (PGC) migration, is important for use in biotechnology. We categorized pikeperch embryonic development into six stages as in other fish species: zygote, cleavage, blastula, gastrula, segmentation, and hatching and described PGC migration. PGCs were visualized by injection of synthesized green fluorescent protein (GFP) within the 3’untranslated region (UTR) mRNA of nanos3. GFP-positive PGCs appeared in all embryos at approximately 100% epiboly. Time-lapse imaging revealed the PGC migration pattern from their initial appearance to location at the gonadal ridge. We conducted blastomere transplantation (BT) at the blastula stage. Donor embryos were labelled with GFP-nos3 3’UTR mRNA and tetramethylrhodamine dextran to label PGCs and somatic cells, respectively. Twelve BT chimeras were produced, with eight surviving to hatching. All exhibited donor-derived somatic cells in the developing body. The PGCs from donor embryos were observed to migrate towards the gonad region of the host embryos. Our results indicated that BT can be successfully applied in pikeperch, and these findings may be useful to produce germline chimeras in percids.

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Ravens, U. "Atrial fibrillation and circulating endothelial progenitor cells." Europace 12, no. 4 (February 6, 2010): 460–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/europace/euq010.

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Rial-Sebbag, Emmanuelle, Aurélie Mahalatchimy, and Anne-Marie Duguet. "Chapitre 6. Cells’ safety in Europe: Towards an ethical safety." Journal international de bioéthique et d'éthique des sciences 28, no. 2 (2017): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/jib.282.0107.

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Williams, Bernard. "Solid Oxide gathers pace as Europe boosts fuel cells race." Metal Powder Report 59, no. 3 (March 2004): 22–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0026-0657(04)00108-0.

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Stötter, Gerd. "Patentability of stem cells in Europe following the Brüstle decision." Pharmaceutical Patent Analyst 1, no. 5 (November 2012): 521–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4155/ppa.12.63.

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Caillol, Fabrice, Erwan Bories, Jerôme Guiramand, Christian Pesenti, Florat Poizat, Geneviève Monges, and Marc Giovannini. "Can We Resect EGC with Signet Ring Cells in Europe?" Journal of Gastrointestinal Cancer 44, no. 4 (August 3, 2013): 422–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12029-013-9529-z.

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Sizikova, T. E., V. N. Lebedev, N. V. Karulina, and S. V. Borisevich. "LLOVIU VIRUS - A NOVEL FILOVIRUS, ENDEMIC IN EUROPE." Problems of Virology, Russian journal 63, no. 2 (April 20, 2018): 58–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/0507-4088-2018-63-2-58-61.

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The data on a recently revealed novel filovirus (Lloviu virus, family Filoviridae, genera Cuevavirus) in Europe are viewed in this issue. The molecular-biological properties of genome fragments of Lloviu virus were isolated from perished bats (Miniopterus sсhreibersii). Because infectious Lloviu virus has not been isolated yet, the capacity of virus to infect cells of different species and its potential to cause disease in humans is unclear. The recombinant vectors (vesicular stomatitis virus and plasmids) expressing structural proteins of Lloviu virus were used to study different elements of the virus. The question of interaction of structural proteins of Lloviu virus expressed by recombinant vectors with receptors of bat and human cells is considered. The possibility of pathogenicity of the novel agent for humans is considered. The conclusion is made about the necessity of continuous epidemical and epizootical monitoring of the new filovirus infection.

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Assunção-Albuquerque, M. J. T., J. M. Rey Benayas, F. S. Albuquerque, and M. Á. Rodríguez. "The geography of high-value biodiversity areas for terrestrial vertebrates in Western Europe and their coverage by protected area networks." Web Ecology 12, no. 1 (November 8, 2012): 65–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/we-12-65-2012.

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Abstract. We identified high-value biodiversity areas (HVBAs) of terrestrial vertebrates according to a combined index of biodiversity (CBI) for each major taxon and a standardized biodiversity index (SBI) for all taxa in 2195 cells of 50 × 50 km in Western Europe to evaluate whether these areas are included in the current protected area networks. The World Database on Protected Areas (WDPA) and NATURA 2000 protected area network were used to assess the protected area cover in HVBAs. WDPA and NATURA 2000 were geographically quite complementary as WDPA is more densely represented in Central and Northern Europe and NATURA 2000 in the Mediterranean basin. A total of 729 cells were identified as HVBAs. From the total of these HVBA areas, NATURA 2000 network was present in more cells (660) than the WDPA network (584 cells). The sum of protected land percentages across all the HVBA cells was 28.8%. The identified HVBA cells according to the SBI included 603 or 78.2% of all vertebrate species in the study region, whereas the identified HVBA cells according to the SBI for individual taxa included 47 (90.4%) species of amphibians, 79 (74.5%) of reptiles, 417 (88.5%) of birds, and 130 (91.5%) of mammals. However, neither network was present in 7 or 3% of the identified HVBA cells. Thus, we recommend expanding protected areas in Europe to fill this gap and improve coverage of vertebrate species to strengthen biodiversity conservation.

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LE BRIS, DANIEL. "Geolinguistic Continuities in the Celto-Atlantic Area and in Western Europe." Philology 19, no. 1 (September 1, 2018): 117–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3726/phil012017.5.

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De Colvenaer, B., and C. Castel. "The Fuel Cells and Hydrogen Joint Undertaking (FCH JU) in Europe." International Journal of Low-Carbon Technologies 7, no. 1 (January 22, 2012): 5–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ijlct/ctr035.

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Butler, Declan. "Patent on umbilical-cord cells rejected in Europe⃛." Nature 399, no. 6737 (June 1999): 626. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/21277.

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Abd-Alhameed, Raed A., Issa Elfergani, and Jonathan Rodriguez. "Recent Technical Developments in Energy-Efficient 5G Mobile Cells: Present and Future." Electronics 9, no. 4 (April 20, 2020): 664. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9040664.

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Ziliukas, Antanas. "APPLICATION OF FUEL CELLS IN TRANSPORTATION." TRANSPORT 19, no. 5 (October 31, 2004): 219–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16484142.2004.9637980.

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The development of fuel sort of vehicles assumes a wide spectrum of application in America and Europe. Safety assessment is needed for car exploitation using hydrogen fuel. Therefore this article covers the control methodology of defects adapting the science advancement for hydrogen fuel operation. To achieve this aim the damage prevention methodology of mechanic phenomena and damage modeling for hydrogen fuel cells is suggested. In the presented methodology the methods and steps of safety assessment are discussed.

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Kirkton, R. D., and N. Bursac. "Genetic engineering of somatic cells to study and improve cardiac function." Europace 14, suppl 5 (October 28, 2012): v40—v49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/europace/eus269.

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Katritsis, Demosthenes G., Panagiota Sotiropoulou, Eleftherios Giazitzoglou, Evangelia Karvouni, and Michael Papamichail. "Electrophysiological effects of intracoronary transplantation of autologous mesenchymal and endothelial progenitor cells." EP Europace 9, no. 3 (February 1, 2007): 167–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/europace/eul184.

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Schock, H. W. "Solar cells based on CuInSe2 and related compounds: recent progress in Europe." Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 34, no. 1-4 (September 1994): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0927-0248(94)90020-5.

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Nikolaienko, T., L. Garmanchuk, and D. Shelest. "P805The mechanism of endothelial cells survival and proliferation in condition of unfed-culture." EP Europace 20, suppl_1 (March 1, 2018): i145. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/europace/euy015.409.

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Zhuravleva, M. I., N. G. Ryndina, and I. P. Dunaeva. "RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CARBOHYDRATE EXCHANGE PARAMETERS AND INTERLEUKIN-22 IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION WITH REGARD TO CONCOMITANT TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS." Problems of Endocrine Pathology 67, no. 1 (March 4, 2019): 18–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.21856/j-pep.2019.1.02.

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Worldwide, ischaemic heart disease is the single most common cause of death and its frequency is increasing. However, in Europe, there has been an overall trend for a reduction in ischaemic heart disease mortality over the past three decades [1]. Ischaemic heart disease now accounts for almost 1.8 million annual deaths, or 20 % of all deaths in Europe, although with large variations between countries [2, 3].Basu et al. found that althrought IL-22 was secreted by various types of cells, Th22 (CD4 + IL – 22 + T) cells were the critical source of IL-22 during the later stages of inflammation, indicating that Th22 may be essential for controlling chronic inflammation. The effector cytokine of Th22 cells is IL-22, which belongs to the IL-10 cytokine family and binds to the heterodimeric receptor complex consisting of the IL-10 receptor (IL-10R) β chain and IL-22R.

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MELLOUGH, CARLA B., JOSEPH COLLIN, EVELYNE SERNAGOR, NICHOLAS K. WRIDE, DAVID H. W. STEEL, and MAJLINDA LAKO. "Lab generated retina: Realizing the dream." Visual Neuroscience 31, no. 4-5 (May 22, 2014): 317–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095252381400008x.

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AbstractBlindness represents an increasing global problem with significant social and economic impact upon affected patients and society as a whole. In Europe, approximately one in 30 individuals experience sight loss and 75% of those are unemployed, a social burden which is very likely to increase as the population of Europe ages. Diseases affecting the retina account for approximately 26% of blindness globally and 70% of blindness in the United Kingdom. To date, there are no treatments to restore lost retinal cells and improve visual function, highlighting an urgent need for new therapeutic approaches. A pioneering breakthrough has demonstrated the ability to generate synthetic retina from pluripotent stem cells under laboratory conditions, a finding with immense relevance for basic research, in vitro disease modeling, drug discovery, and cell replacement therapies. This review summarizes the current achievements in pluripotent stem cell differentiation toward retinal cells and highlights the steps that need to be completed in order to generate human synthetic retinae with high efficiency and reproducibly from patient-specific pluripotent stem cells.

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Bergervoet, Saskia A., Cynthia K. Y. Ho, Rene Heutink, Alex Bossers, and Nancy Beerens. "Spread of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) H5N5 Viruses in Europe in 2016–2017 Appears Related to the Timing of Reassortment Events." Viruses 11, no. 6 (May 31, 2019): 501. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v11060501.

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During the epizootic of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N8 virus in Europe in 2016–2017, HPAI viruses of subtype H5N5 were also isolated. However, the detection of H5N5 viruses was limited compared to H5N8. In this study, we show that the genetic constellation of a newly isolated H5N5 virus is different from two genotypes previously identified in the Netherlands. The introduction and spread of the three H5N5 genotypes in Europe was studied using spatiotemporal and genetic analysis. This demonstrated that the genotypes were isolated in distinguishable phases of the epizootic, and suggested multiple introductions of H5N5 viruses into Europe followed by local spread. We estimated the timing of the reassortment events, which suggested that the genotypes emerged after the start of autumn migration. This may have prevented large-scale spread of the H5N5 viruses on wild bird breeding sites before introduction into Europe. Experiments in primary chicken and duck cells revealed only minor differences in cytopathogenicity and replication kinetics between H5N5 genotypes and H5N8. These results suggest that the limited spread of HPAI H5N5 viruses is related to the timing of the reassortment events rather than changes in virus pathogenicity or replication kinetics.

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Bourquain, Bodenstein, Schürer, and Schaade. "Puumala and Tula Virus Differ in Replication Kinetics and Innate Immune Stimulation in Human Endothelial Cells and Macrophages." Viruses 11, no. 9 (September 14, 2019): 855. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v11090855.

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Old world hantaviruses cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) upon zoonotic transmission to humans. In Europe, the Puumala virus (PUUV) is the main causative agent of HFRS. Tula virus (TULV) is also widely distributed in Europe, but there is little knowledge about the pathogenicity of TULV for humans, as reported cases are rare. We studied the replication of TULV in different cell types in comparison to the pathogenic PUUV and analyzed differences in stimulation of innate immunity. While both viruses replicated to a similar extent in interferon (IFN)-deficient Vero E6 cells, TULV replication in human lung epithelial (A549) cells was slower and less efficient when compared to PUUV. In contrast to PUUV, no replication of TULV could be detected in human microvascular endothelial cells and in macrophages. While a strong innate immune response towards PUUV infection was evident at 48 h post infection, TULV infection triggered only a weak IFN response late after infection of A549 cells. Using appropriate in vitro cell culture models for the orthohantavirus infection, we could demonstrate major differences in host cell tropism, replication kinetics, and innate immune induction between pathogenic PUUV and the presumably non- or low-pathogenic TULV that are not observed in Vero E6 cells and may contribute to differences in virulence.

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Giglia, Giuseppe, Gianfilippo Agliani, Bas B. Oude Munnink, Reina Sikkema, Maria Teresa Mandara, Elvio Lepri, Marja Kik, et al. "Pathology and Pathogenesis of Eurasian Blackbirds (Turdus merula) Naturally Infected with Usutu Virus." Viruses 13, no. 8 (July 28, 2021): 1481. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13081481.

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The Usutu virus (USUV) is a mosquito-borne zoonotic flavivirus. Despite its continuous circulation in Europe, knowledge on the pathology, cellular and tissue tropism and pathogenetic potential of different circulating viral lineages is still fragmentary. Here, macroscopic and microscopic evaluations are performed in association with the study of cell and tissue tropism and comparison of lesion severity of two circulating virus lineages (Europe 3; Africa 3) in 160 Eurasian blackbirds (Turdus merula) in the Netherlands. Results confirm hepatosplenomegaly, coagulative necrosis and lymphoplasmacytic inflammation as major patterns of lesions and, for the first time, vasculitis as a novel virus-associated lesion. A USUV and Plasmodium spp. co-infection was commonly identified. The virus was associated with lesions by immunohistochemistry and was reported most commonly in endothelial cells and blood circulating and tissue mononucleated cells, suggesting them as a major route of entry and spread. A tropism for mononuclear phagocytes cells was further supported by viral labeling in multinucleated giant cells. The involvement of ganglionic neurons and epithelial cells of the gastrointestinal tract suggests a possible role of oral transmission, while the involvement of feather follicle shafts and bulbs suggests their use as a diagnostic sample for live bird testing. Finally, results suggest similar pathogenicity for the two circulating lineages.

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Royo Ruiz, Isabel. "CERTS: una base de datos pionera en investigación europea de trabajo social." Acciones e Investigaciones Sociales, no. 20 (March 31, 2011): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.26754/ojs_ais/ais.200520286.

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Schertler, Anna, Wolfgang Rabitsch, Dietmar Moser, Johannes Wessely, and Franz Essl. "The potential current distribution of the coypu (Myocastor coypus) in Europe and climate change induced shifts in the near future." NeoBiota 58 (July 17, 2020): 129–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.58.33118.

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The coypu (Myocastor coypus) is a semi-aquatic rodent native to South America which has become invasive in Europe and other parts of the world. Although recently listed as species of European Union concern in the EU Invasive Alien Species Regulation, an analysis of the current European occurrence and of its potential current and future distribution was missing yet. We collected 24,232 coypu records (corresponding to 25,534 grid cells at 5 × 5 km) between 1980 and 2018 from a range of sources and 28 European countries and analysed them spatiotemporally, categorising them into persistence levels. Using logistic regression, we constructed consensus predictions across all persistence levels to depict the potential current distribution of the coypu in Europe and its change under four different climate scenarios for 2041–2060. From all presence grid cells, 45.5% showed at least early signs of establishment (records temporally covering a minimum of one generation length, i.e. 5 years), whereas 9.8% were considered as containing established populations (i.e. three generation lengths of continuous coverage). The mean temperature of the warmest quarter (bio10), mean diurnal temperature range (bio2) and the minimum temperature of the coldest month (bio6) were the most important of the analysed predictors. In total, 42.9% of the study area are classified as suitable under current climatic conditions, of which 72.6% are to current knowledge yet unoccupied; therefore, we show that the coypu has, by far, not yet reached all potentially suitable regions in Europe. Those cover most of temperate Europe (Atlantic, Continental and Pannonian biogeographic region), as well as the coastal regions of the Mediterranean and the Black Sea. A comparison of the suitable and occupied areas showed that none of the affected countries has reached saturation by now. Under climate change scenarios, suitable areas will slightly shift towards Northern regions, while a general decrease in suitability is predicted for Southern and Central Europe (overall decrease of suitable areas 2–8% depending on the scenario). Nevertheless, most regions that are currently suitable for coypus are likely to be so in the future. We highlight the need to further investigate upper temperature limits in order to properly interpret future climatic suitability for the coypu in Southern Europe. Based on our results, we identify regions that are most at risk for future invasions and provide management recommendations. We hope that this study will help to improve the allocation of efforts for future coypu research and contribute to harmonised management, which is essential to reduce negative impacts of the coypu and to prevent further spread in Europe.

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Loughran, TP Jr, R. Zambello, R. Ashley, J. Guderian, M. Pellenz, G. Semenzato, and G. Starkebaum. "Failure to detect Epstein-Barr virus DNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of most patients with large granular lymphocyte leukemia." Blood 81, no. 10 (May 15, 1993): 2723–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v81.10.2723.2723.

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Abstract Clonal disease of large granular lymphocytes (LGLs) may arise from either CD3+ LGLs (LGL leukemia) or CD3- LGLs (natural killer [NK] cell leukemia). Other patients have chronic LGL proliferations that cannot be proven to be clonal (lymphoproliferative disease of granular lymphocytes [LDGL]). It was recently shown that clonally expanded CD3- LGLs from Japanese patients contain Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA sequences, arguing for a direct causative role for EBV in NK cell leukemia. The aggressive clinical course and other clinical features of these Japanese patients differ markedly from the clinical features of LGL leukemia and CD3- LDGL patients in the United States and Europe, suggesting different pathogenic mechanisms. Therefore, we performed serologic and DNA hybridization studies for EBV in 31 patients from the United States and Europe (18 with LGL leukemia and 13 with chronic CD3- LDGL). All patients had serologic evidence for past infection with EBV. We did not detect EBV DNA sequences in peripheral blood mononuclear cell DNA from any of these patients in Southern blot hybridization analyses. EBV DNA sequences were detected after polymerase chain reaction amplification of peripheral blood mononuclear cell DNA in only 2 of 18 LGL leukemia patients and 4 of 13 chronic CD3- LDGL patients. These results argue against a direct causative role for EBV infection in LGL leukemia or chronic CD3- LDGL occurring in the United States and Europe.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Celts – Europe'

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