Academic literature on the topic 'CEMAC region'
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Journal articles on the topic "CEMAC region"
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Che, kingsley Chenikwi, and Adamu Bebie Yungho. "Evaluating the Risk Elements for Supply Chain Vulnerability within the CEMEC Region." International Journal of Novel Research in Humanity and Social Sciences 11, no. 5 (2024): 18–25. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13969397.
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<strong>Abstract:</strong> In the past few years, supply chains have become more complex due to new developments in technology and an increase in complexities. This has exposed them to more risks and vulnerabilities. These complexities affect the CEMAC region intensely because they do not have what it takes to properly deal with these risks or reduce the chances of the risk occurring. Even If they do, the resources are limited and more needs to be done. The evaluation is done by looking at recent trends in supply chain vulnerability within the region<em>. </em>Findings show that, the major type of risks and vulnerabilities faced by the CEMAC region are associated with poverty, lack of infrastructure, limited resources and political instability. The study concluded that, supply chain risks faced by the CEMAC region greatly affect their economy and relationships with other countries and that unless there is a united effort to resolve these issues and promote supply chain resilience, they will always be lacking and suffer the consequences that come with the occurrence of these risks. <strong>Keywords:</strong> Supply chain; risks; vulnerability; CEMAC region. <strong>Title:</strong> Evaluating the Risk Elements for Supply Chain Vulnerability within the CEMEC Region <strong>Author:</strong> Che kingsley Chenikwi, Yungho Adamu Bebie <strong>International Journal of Novel Research in Humanity and Social Sciences</strong> <strong>ISSN 2394-9694</strong> <strong>Vol. 11, Issue 5, September</strong><strong> 2024 - October 2024</strong> <strong>Page No: 18-25</strong> <strong>Novelty Journals</strong> <strong>Website: www.noveltyjournals.com</strong> <strong>Published Date: 22-October-2024</strong> <strong>DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13969397</strong> <strong>Paper Download Link (Source)</strong> <strong>https://www.noveltyjournals.com/upload/paper/Evaluating%20the%20Risk%20Elements-22102024-3.pdf</strong>
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Iossifov, Plamen, Misa Takebe, Zaijin Zhan, Noriaki Kinoshita, and Robert C. York. "Improving Surveillance Across the Cemac Region." IMF Working Papers 09, no. 260 (2009): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781451942026.001.
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Poplawski-Ribeiro, Marcos, Darlena Tartari, and Carlos Caceres. "Inflation Dynamics in the CEMAC Region." IMF Working Papers 11, no. 232 (2011): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781463921965.001.
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Caceres, C., M. Poplawski-Ribeiro, and D. Tartari. "Inflation Dynamics in the CEMAC Region." Journal of African Economies 22, no. 2 (2012): 239–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jae/ejs035.
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Etah, Ivo Ewane, Ibrahim Ngouhouo, and Daniel Akume Akume. "Foreign direct investment and structural transformation in the CEMAC sub-region." Journal of Tertiary and Industrial Sciences (JTIS) 4, no. 1 (2024): 45–63. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10657631.
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This article examines the effects of foreign direct investment (FDI) on structural transformation using panel data from 6 Countries in CEMAC sub region. It employs the Pooled Mean Group estimation technique, which is appropriate for drawing conclusions from dynamic heterogeneous panels by considering long-run equilibrium relation covering the period from 1985-2018. Structural transformation is bundled by many indicators but due to lack of data, in our analysis we will use export sophistication index and Export upgrading. From results, FDI has positive and a significant effect on export sophistication and export upgrading in CEMAC sub region. Beside, absorptive capacity items of both human and physical capital are prerequisites for CEMAC to benefit from FDI technological deepening, especially when we want to capture the spill over effect of FDI in terms of structural transformation. Therefore, special consideration should be given to FDI motivated by manufacturing exports, as well as policies that boost absorption capacity and enable labour mobility in CEMAC sub region. Keywords: export sophistication index, foreign direct investment, structural transformation, Pooled Mean Group, CEMAC
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Porcayo-Albino, A., M. Djepang-Kouamo, and J. Sibe. "Long-run relationship between interest rate spread and unemployment in the cemac region: a panel data analysis." Mexican journal of technology and engineering 1, no. 1 (2022): 35–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.61767/mjte.001.1.3545.
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This paper examines the long-run relationship between interest rate spread and unemployment in the CEMAC region. The data used to carry out this study goes from 1960 to 2013 and are secondary data from the world development indicator database. We use the panel data analysis to carry out this study, our variables of interest turn out to be I (1) and after successfully performing the Johansen cointegration test, we applied the Error Correction Model (ECM) to estimate our parameters. We reached two major conclusions. First, there is cointegration between interest rate spread and unemployment in the CEMAC Region. Second, when considering countries individually, there is such a cointegration relationship for all member countries but Cameroon. Our results also portray that variations of the interest rate spread in the CEMAC region could account for 35 % of variations in total unemployment. An increase in the interest rate spread in the short and long run drives positively and significantly the level of total unemployment in the CEMAC region. Therefore, we proposed some policies measures such as reducing the interest rate spread to encourage investors to take more risks, create more jobs and drive down total unemployment. We also proposed to the government authorities of the CEMAC region to quit the CFA currency zone and join a flexible exchange rate system, so they could have more leverage to control monetary policies.
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Akuhfa, Harriette, and Samuel Penda Akama. "Extradition within the CEMAC Sub Region Prospects and Perspectives." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development 3, no. 6 (2019): 566–75. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3588720.
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International co operation in criminal matters amongst states in the Central African Economic and Monetary Community CEMAC is a reality. However, this co operation is increasingly being threatened by weaknesses that fraught the existing extradition legal framework. Criminal offenders often misuse the lack of extradition treaties with other states to decide which state to flee to after committing crimes. The very nature of crime has been evolving, and the failure to bring fugitives to justice represents an acute problem to the party which has been wronged. However, there is no general rule of international law that requires a state to surrender fugitive offenders. This school of thought led to the development of the principle of non extradition of nationals fully practices within CEMAC. It is the right of a state to refuse the extradition of its own nationals. This creates a major challenge to law enforcement officials, for it is an opportunity for transnational criminals to find safe havens. Such a practice in a sub region experiencing the emergence of new crimes like terrorism, endemic corruption, money laundering and the financing of terrorism, weakens law enforcement given that it makes effective prosecution impossible. Also, an increase in the mobility of suspects has resulted in a greater enthusiasm of states to use cooperation to enforce their domestic criminal law. It is on this premise that this paper intends to examine how states within the CEMAC Sub region use extradition as a tool to combat transnational organised crime. The problems they encounter and probable solutions. Akuhfa Harriette | Akama Samuel Penda "Extradition within the CEMAC Sub Region: Prospects and Perspectives" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-6 , October 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd29191.pdf
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International Monetary Fund. "The Cyclicality of Fiscal Policies in the CEMAC Region." IMF Working Papers 11, no. 205 (2011): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781463902162.001.
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Andrew Wujung, Vukenkeng. "Effects of Property Rights on Entrepreneurship Development in the CEMAC Sub-Region." Journal of Management and Entrepreneurship Research 4, no. 1 (2023): 55–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.34001/jmer.2023.6.04.1-38.
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Objective: This article sought to investigate the effects of property rights on entrepreneurship development in the CEMAC Sub- region. Research Design & Methods: Data for this study was collected from the World Governance Indicators (WGI) for the six indicators of governance and World Bank data for entrepreneurship development and control variables. Pooled Ordinary Least Squares estimation technique was used to estimate the parameters of the model. Findings: The findings from the data analysis revealed that there was a negative and significant effect of democracy (captured by voice and accountability index) on entrepreneurship development in CEMAC. In accordance with theoretical expectation, results from data analysis further revealed that there was a positive and significant effect of government effectiveness on entrepreneurship development in the sub region. Results from the pooled OLS estimation showed that there was a negative and significant effect of control of corruption on entrepreneurship development in CEMAC. Contribution & Value Added: The fourth indicator of institutional quality used in this work is political stability. Thus, an improvement of public services by reducing bureaucratic bottlenecks, improvement in the fight against corruption and increasing the level of investments could enhance entrepreneurship development in the sub-region.
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Mpele, Esther Kipoh, and Oumarou Bobbo. "Financial Inclusion in the Economic and Monetary Community of Central Africa: Analysis of its Effects on the Standard of Living." South Asian Journal of Social Studies and Economics 21, no. 12 (2024): 254–65. https://doi.org/10.9734/sajsse/2024/v21i12934.
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Aims: This study aims to examines the effects of financial inclusion on living standards as measured by per capita income and consumption in CEMAC countries. According to World Bank (2022) financial inclusion rate capted by the possession of mobile money for example is passed to 12% at 21%. We see an augmentation but the rate remains low. Location and Duration: The paper uses a sample of 6 CEMAC countries from different sources for the period 2004-2017 to carry out the analysis. Methodology: Using Generalized Method of Moments (GMM), we identify the causal relationship between financial inclusion and living standards, showing that the latter has a positive and significant effect on per capita income and consumption in the CEMAC region. To consolidate these findings, we subject our results to a robustness test using the generalized equation estimation (GEE) method, which confirms the beneficial effect of financial inclusion on living standards in the CEMAC zone. Results: These results highlight the importance of implementing incentive policies aimed at reducing barriers to access to banking services, in order to enable low-income individuals to benefit from these services and thus improve their quality of life. In addition, inclusion of the policy implications of the results, including requirements for governance reforms and improved banking access could further strengthen the relationship between financial inclusion and standards living. Conclusion: We conducted a robustness test using the Generalised Equation Estimation (GEE) method, and the results obtained confirm the positive impact of financial inclusion on the standard of living in the region. CEMAC. However, despite this rather satisfactory result, it should be noted that financial inclusion in the sub-region remains low compared to West African countries.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "CEMAC region"
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Eghosa, Javeaya Ekoka. "Seeking asylum in South Africa : the experiences of migrants from the central African economic and monetary region (CEMAC)." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/53402.
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This study examined the experiences of migrants from the Central Africa region during the process of seeking asylum in South Africa.
The process creates social insecurities, which are referred to as inadequate access to social services. The objectives of this study were to establish the connection between asylum seeking and the deprivation of social services concerned (creation of social insecurities).
This study was based on a qualitative research method and a descriptive case study of the migrants from the Central Africa region. Data was collected by means of semi-structured interviews with 21 asylum seekers interviewed and four lawyers from the nongovernmental organization, Lawyers for Human Rights. Participant observation on the experiences of asylum seekers at the Marabastad refugee reception centre in Pretoria also formed part of the primary data sources for the research. To the best of the researcher?s knowledge, no research on asylum-seekers? social wellbeing in South Africa has been conducted with a specific focus on the Central Africa region. Therefore, this provided the motivation for the study. The study also aimed to add to existing literature on research concerning refugees and asylum seekers and asylum-seeking processes.
The study shows that protracted delays in processing asylum applications by the Department of Home Affairs in South Africa, the prioritization of national security by the South African state, the closures of refugee reception centres and the requirement of identification documents by social service providers create extensive human insecurities against asylum seekers by depriving them of access to social services. The study concludes that the process of seeking asylum in South Africa is a machinery that produces human insecurities (social insecurities) against asylum seekers, despite being a process that is meant to protect them.<br>Mini Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2015.<br>Political Sciences<br>MA<br>Unrestricted
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Belebema, Michael Nguatem. "The incorporation of competition policy in the New Economic Partnership Agreement and its impact on regional integration in the Central African sub-region (CEMAC)." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2010. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_9186_1307086015.
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<p>The Central African Monetary and Economic Community, known by its French acronym CEMAC (Communauté<br>Economique et Moné<br>taire de l&rsquo<br>Afrique Centrale), is one of the oldest regional economic blocs in the African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) group of states. Its membership comprises of Cameroon, the Central African Republic, Chad, the Republic of Congo, Equatorial Guinea, and Gabon. It has a population of over 32 million inhabitants in a three million (3 million) square kilometre expanse of land. The changes in the world economy, and especially between the ACP countries, on the one hand, and the European Economic Community-EEC (hereinafter referred to as European Union (EU)), on the other hand, did not leave the CEMAC region unaffected. CEMAC region, like any other regional economic blocs in Africa was faced with the need to readjust in the face of a New International Economic Order (NIEO). The region which had benefited from preferential access to the EU market including financial assistance through the European Development Fund (EDF) had to comply with the rules laid down in the World Trade Organisation (WTO). This eventually led to a shift in the EU trade policy, in order to ensure that its trade preferences to developing countries were compatible to the rules and obligations of the WTO.</p>
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Badinga, Mouanda Babongui Ariane. "Union régionale et convergence économique structurelle : le cas de la CEMAC." Thesis, Bordeaux 4, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BOR40060.
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Cette thèse se propose d’étudier à la lumière des théories traditionnelles et modernes de l’optimalité les facteurs de blocage du processus de convergence au sein de la communauté économique et monétaire d’Afrique centrale. Cette entité régionale voit ses chances de converger à long terme compromises par l’existence d’hétérogénéités au niveau des mécanismes de demande de monnaie d’une part, et de ceux garants de la stabilité des prix d’autre part. Sans renier l’intérêt des critères de convergence nominale, cette étude démontre qu’il serait une erreur de les considérer comme capables de prémunir la zone contre les asymétries. Ces critères, qui sont certes essentiels au fonctionnement de la zone économique et monétaire, offrent de faibles garanties en termes d’ajustement aux chocs asymétriques. En somme, cette thèse s’intéresse aux interconnections entre d’une part les variables nominales et réelles, et les variables structurelles qui les sous-tendent d’autre part. Elle conclut en définitive que l’union régionale formée par la CEMAC ne pourra être viable à terme qu’à condition que les structures tendent à s’homogénéiser<br>This thesis proposes to study in the light of the traditional and modern theories of optimality the factors of blocking of the process of convergence within the economic and monetary community of Central Africa. This regional entity sees its chances to converge in the long run compromised by the existence of heterogeneities on the level of the mechanisms of request for currency on the one hand, and those guaranteeing price stability on the other hand. Without disavowing the interest of the convergence criteria nominal, it shows that it would be an error to regard them as able to secure the zone against asymmetries. These criteria, which are certainly essential with the operation of the economic and monetary zone, offer weak warranties in terms of adjustment to the asymmetrical shocks. All in all, this thesis is interested on interconnections between on the one hand the nominal and real variables, and the structural variables which underlie them. It concludes that the regional union formed by the CEMAC could not be viable in the long term, except if the structures tend to be homogenized
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Luksic, Lagos Johanna Macarena. "Los efectos del uso del consenso en el proceso de negociación, adopción y aplicación de decisiones : el caso de la Comunidad de Estados Latinoamericanos y Caribeños." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2015. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/135149.
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Tesis para optar al grado de magíster en estudios internacionales<br>No autorizada por el autor para ser publicada en texto completo<br>Para contextualizar el surgimiento de la Comunidad de Estados Latinoamericanos y Caribeños (CELAC) analizaremos el regionalismo post-liberal para posteriormente concentrar el análisis en el proceso de adopción de decisiones de esta Comunidad que se funda en la diversidad cultural de 33 países de América Latina y el Caribe que aspiran a la unidad latinoamericana. Para ello, este estudio exploratorio-descriptivo busca sistematizar y analizar el accionar de la CELAC desde el consenso como proceso de toma de decisiones identificando los principales efectos positivos y negativos que este mecanismo decisional ha conducido desde su puesta en marcha.
Los principales hallazgos encontrados apuntan a abrir la discusión en torno al proceso decisional de la CELAC con el objeto de recoger las particularidades observadas durante su primer trienio
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Ribeiro, Clarissa Correa Neto [UNESP]. "Overlapping regionalism e proliferação de instituições na América Latina: complementariedade e fragmentação nas agendas regionais." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/136383.
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Previous issue date: 2016-02-26<br>Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)<br>Esta pesquisa analisa a multiplicação dos processos de integração regional na América do Sul a partir de sua institucionalidade. O objetivo é verificar se o desenvolvimento desses processos ocorre de forma concorrente ou de maneira complementar, avaliando o quanto há de sobreposição de atividades, agendas e interesses. Selecionamos como objeto as agendas de MERCOSUL, UNASUL e CELAC e a hipótese deste trabalho é que a fragmentação pode ser verificada na multiplicação de iniciativas, refletindo a pluralidade de estratégias adotadas pelos governos em sua política externa para tratar a integração, e denotando a ausência de uma concepção majoritária de “integração regional” na América Latina que permita a formação de uma base de convergência das múltiplas iniciativas de modo articulado. Para a verificação da mesma, realizou-se um mapeamento dos processos regionais e análise documental, combinados com entrevistas a atores institucionais dos mecanismos. Os resultados obtidos demonstram que os cenários de governança e fragmentação coexistem no espaço regional, demandando novos estudos e esforços para a construção de um espaço integrado.<br>This research analyzes the proliferation of regional integration processes in South America from its institutionality. The goal is to verify if the development of these processes occur concurrently or in a complementary manner by evaluating how activities, agendas and interests overlap. MERCOSUR, UNASUR and CELAC agendas’ were selected as the object of this work and the hypothesis is that fragmentation can be seen in the multiplication of initiatives and reflects the diversity of strategies adopted by the governments in their foreign policy to treat integration, denoting the absence of a majority conception of "regional integration" in Latin America that may allow the formation of a base of convergence of multiple initiatives. To verify it, we did a mapping of regional processes and document analysis, combined with interviews with institutional actors of the mechanisms. The results show that governance and fragmentation scenarios coexist in the region, demanding new studies and efforts to build an integrated space.
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Mongbet, Abêt. "Mobilités, dynamiques frontalières et intégration sous-régionale en zone CEMAC : le cas des commerçants de Kyé-Ossi." Thesis, Poitiers, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019POIT5004.
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La libre circulation en zone CEMAC est un long processus en Afrique centrale qui date de cinq décennies. Les pays membres de cette organisation sont toujours en tractation et font face à d'interminables signatures et accords y afférents. Son manque d'effectivité empêche les citoyens tels les Camerounais de migrer dans la sous-région, en l'occurrence vers le Gabon et la Guinée Equatoriale, très réticents à l'ouverture de leurs frontières aux ressortissants de la CEMAC. Ceux-ci justifient leur posture par une situation socioéconomique qu'ils entendent préserver. Le contexte limitatif rend pertinent le développement de stratégies de mobilité pour les acteurs migrants concernés. Des politiques migratoires contraignantes amènent ainsi les migrants venant du Cameroun à concentrer leur présence à la frontière commune à ces trois pays : Kyé-Ossi. Au fil du temps, cette localité de halte prolongée des migrants a connu une expansion spatiale rythmée par une croissance démographique issue principalement de la migration intérieure ; ce phénomène soutenu par le commerce développe et anime la coopération transfrontalière dans cette partie du monde. Du processus d'intégration fortement ralenti, on assiste ainsi à une dynamique frontalière grâce à l'anthropisation des migrants et aux actions étatiques de territorialisation qui accroissent davantage les mouvements humains vers cette frontière. A partir de Kyé-Ossi vont se développer de nouvelles expériences de migration et de mobilité. Grace à la dynamique familiale et de réseaux créée autour de la frontière, Kyé-Ossi devient une nouvelle base pour des mobilités internationales variées : courtes et longues durées vers le Gabon ou la Guinée Equatoriale, réseau pour l'immigration, zone de transit de longue durée pour une immigration ultérieure, réseau de passage et de chaine d'acteurs marchands pour d'autres camerounais à l'intérieur de ces pays. Les trois frontières se retrouvent ainsi habitées par les camerounais, lieux de vie où on observe une différenciation dans leur expression de citoyenneté en tant que Camerounais et ressortissants de la sous-région CEMAC. La démarche adoptée pour mener cette recherche mobilise un corpus méthodologique s'appuyant sur un travail de terrain initié depuis 2014. Il intègre à la fois des observations directes en contexte d'immersion, des administrations de questionnaires et entretiens auprès de cibles diverses. S'y ajoute un travail d'exploitation de supports écrits tels que les documents scientifiques, administratifs et médiatiques, ainsi que des images satellitaires. Les matériaux obtenus permettent d'interroger et d'apprécier les liens mobilités – dynamique sociospatiale dans un cadre pluri-frontalier – intégration sous-régionale. Elle vérifie l'hypothèse d'ouverture des frontières aux mobilités internationales du fait de la continuité territoriale produite par la dynamique frontalière et mobilitaire<br>Free movement of people in the CEMAC zone has been a long process in the Central Africa subregion for the last five decades. The member States of that organization are still negotiating, then facing endless agreements about free movement. Its lack of effectiveness hinders sub-regional citizens like Cameroonians to migrate within the sub-region, especially to Gabon and Equatorial Guinea. These countries are very reluctant to open their borders to CEMAC nationals, because of their higher socio-economic situation they are protecting. That obstacle induces actors to develop their own mobility strategies. In fact, rejection at the border causes Cameroonian migrants to settle in Kyé-Ossi, a Cameroonian town that borders those two countries. Over time, that settlement gradually led to spatial expansion enhanced by the demographic growth resulting mainly from internal migrations; this phenomenon poked up by trade expands and enlivens border cooperation in that region. With a stagnant integration process, we thus witness a frontier transformation through anthropization by migrants and territorialization of state, actions which further increase human movements to that border. So from Kyé-Ossi will be formed the new migratory and mobility lives. Due to the family and network dynamics created around the border, Kyé-Ossi thereby becomes a new turning point for different international mobilities: short and long journeys towards Gabon or Equatorial Guinea, network for immigration, long-term transit zone for a subsequent immigration in both countries, network of passing and actors system of trade for other Cameroonians inside these countries. Then the three border fronts tamed or inhabited by Cameroonians, living places where they undergo differentiation in their citizenship as Cameroonians and nationals of the CEMAC sub-region. The methodology adopted to carry out this research includes a corpus based on fieldwork conducted since 2014. Data-gathering integrates direct observations in ethnographic context, sample survey and interviews with various target informants. Has been added to the previous methods exploitation of written materials such as literary, administrative and media documents, as well as satellite images. The collected data allows us to question and appreciate the links among mobility - socio-spatial dynamics in a multi-frontier context – sub-regional integration. This aims to verify the hypothesis of border openness to international mobility due to land continuity resulting from the border and migratory dynamics
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Silva, Carolina Albuquerque. "A CELAC e o regionalismo na América Latina e Caribe no século XXI : entre a autonomia e a contra-hegemonia." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2017. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/24306.
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Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Ciências Sociais, Departamento de Estudos Latino-Americanos, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Estudos Comparados Sobre as Américas, 2017.<br>Submitted by Albânia Cézar de Melo (albania@bce.unb.br) on 2017-07-13T14:27:09Z
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Previous issue date: 2017-08-25<br>Os anos 2000 viram emergir, na América Latina e no Caribe, novos projetos de integração regional (ALBA, UNASUL e CELAC), com agendas de trabalho marcadas pela inclusão de temas políticos, sociais e identitários que as afastava do regionalismo neoliberal, centrado nos aspectos econômicos da integração, que imperara na região nas décadas de 1980 e 1990. Este regionalismo heterodoxo, conectado à eleição de governos progressistas e à emergência dos movimentos sociais como atores regionais, tem como principal característica a intenção de construir autonomia para a região em relação às decisões tomadas verticalmente pelos países centrais do sistema-mundo. Suas expectativas chocam-se, no entanto, com a permanência de expressões do regionalismo neoliberal, como a Aliança do Pacífico, e com a manutenção da hegemonia estadunidense e de seus projetos associados à região. Neste contexto, a CELAC diferencia-se por ser a primeira organização, em 200 anos de independências, a reunir todos os países soberanos da América Latina e do Caribe, sem a participação dos EUA ou de países europeus.<br>Latin America and the Caribbean witnessed, in the first decade of the century, the emergency of new regional integration projects (ALBA, UNASUR and CELAC), whose agendas were characterized by the inclusion of political, social and identity issues that separated them from the economy-focused neoliberal regionalism that prevailed during the 1980s and 1990s. This heterodox regionalism, related to the election of progressive governments and the emergence of social movements as regional actors, has as its main characteristic the intention to build autonomy for the region in relation to the verticality of the decisions made by central countries of the world-system. These expectations, however, run counter to the persistence of old neoliberal regionalism expressions, such as the Pacific Alliance, and the maintenance of US hegemony and its projects towards the region. In this context, CELAC stands out as the first organization, in 200 years of independence, to bring together all the sovereign countries of Latin America and the Caribbean, without the participation of the US or European countries.<br>La década de 2000 vio surgir en América Latina y el Caribe a nuevos proyectos de integración regional (ALBA, UNASUR y CELAC), con agendas de trabajo marcadas por la inclusión de temas políticos, sociales e identitarios que se apartan del regionalismo neoliberal, centrado en los aspectos económicos de la integración, que había sido preponderante en la región en los años 1980 y 1990. Este regionalismo heterodoxo, conectado a la elección de gobiernos progresistas y a la emergencia de los movimientos sociales como actores regionales, tiene como característica principal la intención de construir autonomía para la región en relación con las decisiones tomadas verticalmente por los países centrales del sistema-mundo. Sus expectativas chocan, sin embargo, con la permanencia de expresiones del regionalismo neoliberal, como es el caso de la Alianza del Pacífico, y el mantenimiento de la hegemonía de Estados Unidos y de sus proyectos asociados con la región. En este contexto, la CELAC se distingue por ser la primera organización, en 200 años de vida independiente, a reunir a todos los países soberanos de América Latina y el Caribe, sin la participación de los EE.UU. o de países europeos.
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Schwarzkopf, Anke. "Realpolitik or reinforcement of the EU’s normative power : A Case Study on the EU’s relations with the CELAC." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Statsvetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-130052.
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This research aims to understand the nature and underlying motives of the EU’s relations with the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States (CELAC). The frequently claimed normative role of the EU will be examined in the context of the EU- CELAC summit relations, and the cases should be outlined that cause a switch to Realpolitik behavior. Thereby, the EU’s engagement in regional integration and interregional cooperation will be illustrated and EU-CELAC cooperation areas concerning the fight against poverty and social inequality, the consolidation of good governance and the promotion of peace, and lastly, the regional integration, trade, and economic cooperation are analyzed to reach an understanding of their normative or Realpolitik content. The research illustrates the ways of understanding the EU’s normative behavior and power, and the nature of the cooperation between the EU and the CELAC, whereby it should be shown that the EU acts according to normative consideration and only in few exceptions turns towards Realpolitik behavior.
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Kala, Ngumouo Duvalier. "La coexistence de l'ordre juridique OHADA avec les ordres juridiques communautaires et la réalisation de l'intégration régionale en Afrique : étude à la lumière de la construction européenne en droit des affaires." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Perpignan, 2025. http://www.theses.fr/2025PERP0004.
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L’engagement simultané des ordres juridiques OHADA et communautaires (notamment CEMAC et UEMOA) en faveur de la réalisation de l’intégration du droit des affaires engendre une expression singulière du pluralisme juridique qui ne s’accommode pas des grilles de lecture habituelles de ce champ. Leurs actions concurrentes révèlent de nombreux conflits de normes et de compétences qui semblent contredire la fonction de garantie de la simplicité, de la prévisibilité et de la sécurité juridique que l’on reconnaît habituellement aux systèmes de droit intégrés. La situation est d’autant plus exceptionnelle, que les solutions habituellement envisagées par le droit international et la doctrine ne permettent pas de traiter les problèmes qui se posent<br>The simultaneous existence of OHADA and regional community legal frameworks (specifically CEMAC and UEMOA) in African business law integration creates a unique form of legal pluralism that defies traditional academic interpretations. The interactions between these competing legal systems reveal significant conflicts in norms and jurisdictions that seemingly undermine the core objectives of simplicity, predictability, and legal certainty that typically drive legal integration efforts. What makes this situation particularly complex is that conventional solutions from international law and scholarly research appear inadequate in resolving these emerging conflicts. While institutional actors have attempted to develop stopgap measures to balance their competing actions, most scholarly proposals tend to prioritise the OHADA legal framework over the community legal systems of CEMAC and UEMOA. This study takes a different approach. Breaking from common interpretative patterns, it demonstrates, by drawing insights from European business law integration, that OHADA's current integration strategy is not sufficiently sophisticated to achieve meaningful regional integration in Africa. The observation of the European practice of regional integration inspires innovative solutions for streamlining business law integration, which would ensure, through regional integration in Africa as a whole, a concordance of different legal systems by means of harmonization—either through the simple signing of an association agreement or through the more complex "agencification" of OHADA
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Johnson-Ansah, Ampah. "L'épuisement des droits de propriété industrielle dans l'espace OAPI (Organisation Africaine de la Propriété Intellectuelle)." Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01061170.
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L'organisation africaine de la propriété intellectuelle (OAPI) a consacré la théorie de l'épuisement des droits depuis sa révision de 1999. Elle en a posé les conditions légales. On découvre que ses conditions, qui sont une limitation du droit exclusif de commercialisation des titulaires, n'en préservent pas moins la quintessence. À travers une mise en circulation limitée au territoire national pour la marque et au territoire régional pour le brevet, le législateur a fait partiellement échec au libre commerce des produits protégés. L'existence des zones de libre-échange peut néanmoins contribuer à élargir le domaine de l'épuisement qui deviendra alors communautaire dans l'UEMOA et la CEMAC. L'encadrement de l'épuisement des droits est rigide mais maîtrisé. Il est cohérent avec le principe de départ qui est la protection des droits de propriété industrielle. Aussi l'épuisement international est-il tout simplement rejeté, alors même qu'il aurait pu constituer un moyen de régulation de la libre circulation des produits protégés. Néanmoins, il faut relativiser ce rôle et se tourner vers une véritable quête de transfert de technologie qui est le seul moyen de transformer le sort de la propriété industrielle sur le continent africain.
Books on the topic "CEMAC region"
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Takebe, Misa, Plamen Iossifov, and Zaijin Zhan. Improving Surveillance Across the Cemac Region. International Monetary Fund, 2009.
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Housing Finance in the CEMAC Region. World Bank, Washington, DC, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1596/33835.
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Takebe, Misa, Robert York, Plamen Iossifov, and Zaijin Zhan. Improving Surveillance Across the Cemac Region. International Monetary Fund, 2009.
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Caceres, Carlos, Marcos Poplawski-Ribeiro, and Darlena Tartari. Inflation Dynamics in the Cemac Region. International Monetary Fund, 2011.
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Caceres, Carlos, Marcos Poplawski-Ribeiro, and Darlena Tartari. Inflation Dynamics in the Cemac Region. International Monetary Fund, 2011.
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Takebe, Misa, Robert C. York, Noriaki Kinoshita, Plamen Iossifov, and Zaijin Zhan. Improving Surveillance Across the Cemac Region. International Monetary Fund, 2009.
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Caceres, Carlos, Marcos Poplawski-Ribeiro, and Darlena Tartari. Inflation Dynamics in the CEMAC Region. International Monetary Fund, 2011.
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Fund, International Monetary. Cyclicality of Fiscal Policies in the Cemac Region. International Monetary Fund, 2011.
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Staff, International Monetary Fund. Cyclicality of Fiscal Policies in the Cemac Region. International Monetary Fund, 2011.
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Mpatswe, Gaston K., and International Monetary Fund Staff. Cyclicality of Fiscal Policies in the CEMAC Region. International Monetary Fund, 2011.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "CEMAC region"
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Mvogo, Gregory, Desiré Avom, and Honore Bidiasse. "Regulatory Issues for the Promotion of Entrepreneurship in Electronic Money in the CEMAC Sub-region." In Public Policy and Technological Transformations in Africa. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-18704-9_15.
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Ghymers, Christian. "Fostering the Dynamics of the Bi-regional Summit EU-CELAC for Spurring the Cooperation in Climate Change." In Climate Change in Regional Perspective. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-49329-4_5.
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AbstractThis chapter discusses the climate change challenges common to both the European Union (EU) and the Latin American and Caribbean (CELAC) regions, and advances recommendations and a concrete method applicable to the bi-regional level. Bi-regional cooperation would spur – thanks to the virtue of the «competitive cooperation» dynamics of direct contacts among national experts at both regional and bi-regional levels – the implementation of the principles able to reach a net-zero emission regime. In the current context of weakened multilateralism, the proposed method could be extended to other regions for working out technical consensus independently of geopolitical conflicts.
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Ekobena, Simon Yannick Fouda. "Monetary Policy and Economic Growth in CEMAC: A Panel Data Approach." In Regional Integration and Policy Challenges in Africa. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137462084_4.
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Ghymers, Christian. "Operational Proposal for an EU-CELAC Strategic Alliance." In Financial Crisis Management and Democracy. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54895-7_24.
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AbstractThis chapter proposes the strengthening of the bi-regional cooperation EU-Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) based upon a bottom-up exchanges across experts and officials through an innovative two-leg strategy of bi-regional dialogues.
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Ribeiro Hoffmann, Andrea, and Bettina De Souza Guilherme. "Comparing the Crises in Europe and Latin America: Causes, Management, Impact and Consequences." In Financial Crisis Management and Democracy. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54895-7_19.
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AbstractThis chapter summarizes the findings of the theoretical and analytical chapters, and comparatively assesses the causes of the crises, the crisis management strategies, and their impact in a selection of case studies from the national level – Greece, Portugal and Italy in Europe; and Argentina, Mexico, Brazil and Venezuela in Latin America; and the regional level – the European Union, and regional organizations and regional governance structures in Latin America such as CELAC, Unasur, Mercosur and Alba.
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Owoundi, Joseph Parfait. "Competitiveness and Integration through Trade in CEMAC Countries: Comparative Advantage and Contribution to the Trade Balance." In Regional Integration and Trade in Africa. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137462053_2.
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Ribeiro Hoffmann, Andrea. "Climate Change Cooperation in Latin American Regionalism." In Climate Change in Regional Perspective. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-49329-4_3.
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AbstractThis chapter analyses the norms, agendas, and initiatives implemented by regional organizations in Latin America regarding climate change, and focuses on the Southern Cone Market (MERCOSUR), the Union of South American Nations (UNASUR), the Forum for the Progress and Integration of South America (PROSUR), and the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States (CELAC). Drawing on the secondary literature and official documents and the concepts of path dependence and unintended consequences from historical institutionalism, the chapter explores the role that these regional organizations have played so far in addressing climate change, as well as the key actors promoting and hindering environmental and climate change commitments. The conclusions advance recommendations based on the premise that climate change should be a key area in a new cycle of regionalism following the period of paralysis and disintegration that culminated at the end of the decade of 2010s.
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Castiglioni, Federico. "An “Aggressive” Cooperation: Environment as a Hot Issue in EU-LAC Relations." In Climate Change in Regional Perspective. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-49329-4_4.
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AbstractThe main objective of this chapter is to analyse the significance of environmental concerns in the most recent diplomatic relations between the European Union (EU) and Latin America. The chapter begins with a discussion of theoretical premises addressing the relationship between environmental preservation from the perspective of philosophy of global ethics. The analysis then employs a comparative perspective between the EU and Mercosur to determine if the two regional blocs act as “normative powers” and “ethical agents” in green policies, either in their respective spheres of influence or in international relations. The chapter also analyses the relations between the EU and Latin America, and the EU-CELAC Action Plan. The final section of the article focuses more narrowly on the EU-Mercosur trade agreement, examining the environmental provisions of the agreement and exploring why green policy in particular is dragging down the ongoing negotiations.
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Tran, Thuy Thi, Hien Lan Do, Son Van Nguyen, Chi Phuong Tran, and Anh Duc Ha. "Free Migration in the Border Region Sets for Economic Development." In Contemporary Economic Issues in Asian Countries: Proceeding of CEIAC 2022, Volume 2. Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-0490-7_36.
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Vigevani, Tullo, and Haroldo Ramanzini Junior. "Between Alliances and Disputes: Brazilian Attitudes Towards OAS, CELAC, Unasur, and Mercosur." In The Challenges for Building Regional Integration in the Global South. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-93348-7_7.
Full textConference papers on the topic "CEMAC region"
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Perini, Federico, Christopher Wright, Rolf D. Reitz, Kenji Hiraoka, and Takafumi Kamino. "A Dual-Fuel Model of Flame Initiation and Propagation for Modelling Heavy-Duty Engines with the G-Equation." In 2023 JSAE/SAE Powertrains, Energy and Lubricants International Meeting. Society of Automotive Engineers of Japan, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2023-32-0009.
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<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">We propose a novel dual-fuel combustion model for simulating heavy-duty engines with the G-Equation. Dual-Fuel combustion strategies in such engines features direct injection of a high-reactivity fuel into a lean, premixed chamber which has a high resistance to autoignition. Distinct combustion modes are present: the DI fuel auto-ignites following chemical ignition delay after spray vaporization and mixing; a reactive front is formed on its surroundings; it develops into a well-structured turbulent flame, which propagates within the premixed charge. Either direct chemistry or the flame-propagation approach (G- Equation), taken alone, do not produce accurate results. The proposed Dual-Fuel model decides what regions of the combustion chamber should be simulated with either approach, according to the local flame state; and acts as a “kernel” model for the G- Equation model. Direct chemistry is run in the regions where a premixed front is not present. The “kernel” front is identified using a fast, sparse Chemical Explosive Mode Analysis (CEMA), and a novel on-the- fly spontaneous flame speed formulation. The G=0 surface is initialized when the front is thick enough to be well-represented on the computational grid; it is then advanced using the G-Equation model with a multi-component flame speed. The model is validated against optical experiments which feature direct- injected Diesel and premixed natural gas. Good accuracy and reliability are seen identifying the flame initiation region, with little user input.</div></div>
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Jang, Seung Eon, Jin Park, Sang Hyeon Han, Hong Jip Kim, Ki Sung Jung, and Chun Sang Yoo. "A Numerical Study on the Low Limit Auto-Ignition Temperature of Syngas and Modification of Chemical Kinetic Mechanism." In ASME-JSME-KSME 2019 8th Joint Fluids Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ajkfluids2019-5432.
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Abstract In this study, the auto ignition with low limit temperature of syngas has been numerically investigated using a 2-D numerical analysis. Previous study showed that auto ignition was observed at above 860 K in co-flow jet experiments using syngas and dry air. However, the auto ignition at this low temperature range could not be predicted with existing chemical mechanisms. Inconsistency of the auto ignition temperature between the experimental and numerical results is thought to be due to the inaccuracy of the chemical kinetic mechanism. The prediction of ignition delay time and sensitivity analysis for each chemical kinetic mechanism were performed to verify the reasons of the inconsistency between the experimental and numerical results. The results which were calculated using the various mechanisms showed significantly differences in the ignition delay time. In this study, we intend to analyze the reason of discrepancy to predict the auto ignition with low pressure and low temperature region of syngas and to improve the chemical kinetic mechanism. A sensitive analysis has been done to investigate the reaction steps which affected the ignition delay time significantly, and the reaction rate of the selected reaction step was modified. Through the modified chemical kinetic mechanism, we could identify the auto ignition in the low temperature region from the 2-D numerical results. Then CEMA (Chemical Explosive Mode Analysis) was used to validate the 2-D numerical analysis with modified chemical kinetic mechanism. From the validation, the calculated λexp, EI, and PI showed reasonable results, so we expect that the modified chemical kinetic mechanism can be used in various low temperature region.
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Silva, Clayton da, and Claudete Vitte. "Monitoramento da integração regional supranacional na América do Sul: principais agentes e mecanismos de tomada de decisões no Mercosul, Comunidade Andina de Nações, Unasul e Celac." In Congresso de Iniciação Científica UNICAMP. Universidade Estadual de Campinas, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.20396/revpibic2720192882.
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Pal, Pinaki, James Braun, Yiqing Wang, Venkat Athmanathan, Guillermo Paniagua, and Terrence R. Meyer. "Numerical Study of Flow and Combustion Dynamics in a Hydrogen-Air Rotating Detonation Combustor-Stator Integrated System." In ASME Turbo Expo 2024: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2024-129058.
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Abstract In the present work, a first-of-its-kind 3D large-eddy simulation (LES) study is conducted to numerically investigate the combustion dynamics as well as aero-thermal phenomena in a full-scale non-premixed hydrogen-air rotating detonation engine (RDE) (with a diverging-shaped lower-end wall), when integrated with nozzle guide vanes (NGV) acting as the turbine stator. The wall-modeled LES framework incorporates hydrogen-air detailed chemical kinetics and adaptive mesh refinement (AMR). A comparative analysis is carried out for two operating conditions with different fuel/air mass flow rates but global equivalence ratio of unity, and considering RDE configurations without and with stator. The LES model is validated against available experimental data for the low mass flux condition with respect to detonation wave speed/height, wave dynamics, and axial static pressure distribution. Numerical results indicate significant deflagrative combustion occurring in the fill region near the inner wall due to the formation of recirculation zones in the injection near-field driven by the backward facing step. The leading detonation wave is found to be trailed by an azimuthal reflected-shock combustion (ARSC) wave, consistent with experimental observations, which consumes unburned vitiated reactants that leak through the main detonation wave. The main detonation wave characteristics, such as detonation wave speed/height, and combustion efficiency do not change appreciably with the presence of NGV. A novel combustion diagnostic technique based on chemical explosive mode analysis (CEMA) is employed to quantify the fraction of heat release occurring in the detonative mode versus deflagrative mode for the simulated conditions. The exit flow is found to be nearly fully subsonic and supersonic for the low and high mass flux conditions, respectively. Further analysis of the exit flow profiles shows that the presence of the NGV renders the flow more axial and significantly impacts the exit Mach number and total pressure, while the total temperature shows negligible change. In addition, the low mass flux operating point, despite exhibiting more deflagrative losses within the combustor, yields overall lower pressure drop from plenum to exhaust, which is mainly attributed to lower pressure drop across the injectors. Lastly, the RDE-NGV configuration exhibits higher total pressure loss compared to RDE without stator across both the mass flux conditions. This study extends the state-of-the-art in numerical modeling of pressure gain combustion systems by demonstrating high-fidelity 3D reacting LES of a full-scale RDE-NGV systems for practical insights pertaining to RDE-turbine integration for power generation.
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Revelo Obando, Luisa Fernanda, and Alvaro Can Chulim. "Caracterización física del suelo para riego en la planicie del río san pedro en Nayarit, México." In Ingeniería: una transición hacia el futuro. Asociación Colombiana de Facultades de Ingeniería - ACOFI, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.26507/paper.3620.
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La planicie del Río San Pedro está conformada por suelos aluviales y lechos de inundación que forman abanicos aluviales. A lo largo de los años, en los suelos de la planicie se han modificado las propiedades fisicoquímicas por las actividades agrícolas intensivas que se desarrollan en ella. De manera particular, en esta zona de estudio se destaca la agricultura como principal actividad económica. El objetivo de esta investigación es realizar una caracterización física de los suelos de la planicie del Río San Pedro en Nayarit, para determinar las láminas de riego adecuadas a cada característica actual de los suelos. Teniendo en consideración que estos varían en un perfil altitudinal desde el pie de la sierra hasta las zonas de influencia marina y también en la profundidad de los suelos, con la hipótesis de que altitudinalmente los suelos arcillosos se encontrarán ubicados en la parte baja y en el perfil vertical en los primeros centímetros de la superficie. Para llevar a cabo el estudio se realizaron muestreos de suelos en siete puntos, los cuales fueron ubicados con ayuda del sistema de información geográfico Google Earth, siguiendo un perfil lineal altitudinal desde el pie de sierra hasta la zona de influencia marina a 5 km de distancia entre cada uno. Estas muestras se tomaron cada 10 cm hasta una profundidad de 90 cm en 4 sitios ubicados a cada 10 km y otros intermedios cada 5 km a una profundidad de 30 cm que corresponde a la capa arable. Las muestras se trasladaron al Laboratorio de Análisis de Suelos y Metales Pesados del CEMIC 03 de la Universidad Autonoma de Nayarit (UAN) para ser estudiadas y analizadas. Las muestras se secaron bajo sombra durante 5 días, se tamizaron con malla número 10 (2 mm) y se determinó textura por el método de Bouyoucos, densidad aparente por el método del cilindro y el punto de saturación, de acuerdo con los procedimientos la Norma Oficial Mexicana NOM-021-RECNAT-2000. Se calcularon también las variables capacidad de campo, punto de marchitez permanente y lamina de riego. Los resultados señalan que, en un perfil altitudinal, a medida que se va acercando a la parte baja y zona costera, se concentran los suelos con partículas finas tales como los Franco Arcillosos, con láminas de riego promedio de 3 cm. En las partes superficiales de cada perfil se obtienen partículas de grano más fino; este fenómeno se explica por el uso constante de maquinaria, la cual degrada las partículas del suelo y, por ende, modifica las propiedades físicas como la textura. Además, el punto que presenta mayor grado de saturación se debe a que es un suelo con granulometría muy fina y a su ubicación en una zona de depresión. Es decir, mientras más partículas finas mayor retención de humedad. Se destaca que la metodología seguida en este estudio puede ser replicada en otras regiones siguiendo la normatividad correspondiente para realizar la caracterización fisicoquímica de suelos para propósitos de riego, información que posteriormente puede ser modelada con software especializado.
Reports on the topic "CEMAC region"
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Ruano, Lorena. El diálogo político birregional verde UE - CELAC. Fundación Carolina, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.33960/issn-e.1885-9119.dt85.
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Este artículo argumenta que, si bien el diálogo político birregional verde entre la Unión Europea (UE) y la Comunidad de Estados Latinoamericanos y Caribeños (CELAC) está aún por construirse como tal, no se parte de cero, pues hay un camino ya recorrido de lazos bilaterales, pero es frágil. Para que la discusión progrese tras la cumbre de julio de 2023, es necesario establecer diálogos sectoriales que le den seguimiento y acerquen posturas aún muy dispares. Un factor favorable es que los temas verdes son aquellos en los que hay una base social amplia de apoyo en la opinión pública de América Latina para cooperar con la UE. El artículo revisa dónde se encuentran las dos regiones en materia de lucha contra el cambio climático, así como sus posiciones en las más recientes negociaciones multilaterales. Identifica las áreas de oportunidad y los retos para la cooperación que deben ser materia de ese diálogo: i) las inversiones europeas en energías renovables en América Latina y el Caribe (ALC); ii) escalar y replicar el fondo de la Amazonia; iii) asegurar que las inversiones europeas necesarias para la minería y el procesamiento de materias primas críticas para las industrias verdes se acompañen de transferencia de tecnología y respeto de estándares sociales y medioambientales, y iv) los efectos comerciales para ALC del Pacto Verde Europeo.
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Fernández Leost, José Andrés. Contrato social y relaciones euro-latinoamericanas: retomando la conversación. Fundación Carolina, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.33960/ac_14.2023.
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El relanzamiento de las relaciones euro-latinoamericanas en 2023, marcado por la celebración en Bruselas de la III Cumbre UE-CELAC, favorece el desarrollo de una agenda birregional hacia una “triple transición”, digital, verde y socioeconómica. La gestión justa de esta agenda implica una renovación del “contrato social” que genere capacitación y oportunidades para toda la ciudadanía, la cual a su vez constituye su fuente de legitimación política. El acervo de la cooperación española en la región latinoamericana puede desempeñar un papel crucial en la ampliación de espacios de diálogo democráticos y técnicos, y de cara a las líneas de actividad definidas en la “Hoja de Ruta UE-CELAC 2023-2025”.
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Ardila, Martha. América Latina – Unión Europea: a propósito de la cumbre CELAC-UE de Colombia. Fundación Carolina, 2025. https://doi.org/10.33960/ac_02.2025.
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Las relaciones entre América Latina y la Unión Europea han experimentado cambios significativos en las últimas décadas. Se caracterizaron por una estrecha cooperación y, posteriormente, por un progresivo distanciamiento marcado por la bilateralización de vínculos. Los lazos culturales, políticos y económicos persisten, aunque con menor intensidad. La influencia de actores como China y Estados Unidos ha modificado el escenario geopolítico, generando nuevas dinámicas de interacción. Por su parte, la Comunidad de Estados Latinoamericanos y Caribeños (CELAC) emerge como un mecanismo de diálogo y concertación, buscando fortalecer la integración regional, pero al que se le dificulta la unificación. La próxima Cumbre CELAC-UE que se celebrará en Colombia en noviembre de 2025, representa una oportunidad para revitalizar las relaciones, abordando temas como democracia, migración, cooperación comercial y desafíos globales vinculados al cambio climático.
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Domínguez, Roberto, and José Antonio Sanahuja. Una asociación renovada. Balance y perspectivas de la Cumbre UE-CELAC y las relaciones euro-latinoamericanas. Fundación Carolina, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.33960/issn-e.1885-9119.dt90.
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La Cumbre Unión Europea-Comunidad de Estados Latinoamericanos y Caribeños (UE-CELAC) celebrada el 17 y 18 de julio de 2023 en Bruselas marca un punto de inflexión y un nuevo comienzo para las relaciones euro-latinoamericanas. En un contexto internacional de creciente incertidumbre y riesgos, el relanzamiento de estas relaciones se erige como plataforma de beneficio mutuo. En primer lugar, puede servir para ampliar la autonomía y la resiliencia de ambas regiones ante un mundo de creciente rivalidad geopolítica, pero necesitado de gobernanza y reglas. En segundo lugar, puede ser útil para fortalecer la democracia y las sociedades abiertas en ambas regiones, lo que también implica hablar de desarrollo, de políticas públicas eficaces, y de la renovación del contrato social. En tercer lugar, la relación birregional puede contribuir a definir estrategias novedosas de asociación económica y comercial, y de cooperación para relanzar el desarrollo, con una “triple transición” societal: digital, verde y también social, que tanto la UE como América Latina han de abordar. Este Documento de trabajo presenta varias aportaciones de especialistas y figuras académicas, que analizan el estado de las relaciones euro-latinoamericanas tras la celebración de la Cumbre.
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Torreblanca, José Ignacio, Irene Sánchez, Manuel Acevedo, Ángel Melguizo, and Víctor Muñoz. Conectando regiones, cerrando brechas, construyendo soberanía · Alianza Digital Unión Europea-América Latina y Caribe: recomendaciones de cara a la Cumbre UE-CELAC. Fundación Carolina, 2025. https://doi.org/10.33960/issn-e.1885-9119.dtfcecfr.
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El deterioro del contexto geopolítico internacional hace imperativo impulsar la relación entre la Unión Europea y América Latina y el Caribe. Además de colaborar en el sostenimiento del multilateralismo y el derecho internacional, las dos regiones tienen que profundizar sus vínculos económicos y comerciales, así como cerrar sus brechas digitales y tecnológicas. La agenda de cooperación digital presenta una oportunidad única, basada en un enfoque compartido, centrado en el ser humano, para la transformación digital y en los desafíos comunes que enfrentan ambas regiones. Consolidar y fortalecer la Alianza Digital entre la Unión Europea y América Latina y el Caribe debe ser un objetivo principal de la próxima Cumbre UECELAC de 2025. Para ello es necesario adoptar medidas en cuatro áreas clave: infraestructuras de conectividad, ciberseguridad, inteligencia artificial y tecnologías verdes.
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Alvarez, María Victoria. La gestión de la pandemia de COVID-19 y el regionalismo en América Latina y el Caribe. Aprendizajes y desafíos pendientes. Fundación Carolina, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.33960/issn-e.1885-9119.dt71.
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A partir de 2020, la COVID-19 se convirtió en un problema global de salud pública de dimensiones descomunales. La región de América Latina y el Caribe (ALC) vio emerger la pandemia en un momento de agravamiento de brechas estructurales y fuerte descontento social. Los gobiernos reaccionaron para prevenir la propagación del virus de manera unilateral en la mayoría de los casos, pero algunas respuestas se engendraron a nivel regional y subregional. Este documento de trabajo busca interpelar de la forma más integral posible al regionalismo latinoamericano y caribeño frente a la pandemia de la COVID-19. Así, el documento se enfoca en la respuesta de ALBA, Alianza del Pacífico, CARICOM, CAN, CELAC, Mercosur, PROSUR y SICA. También incluye la respuesta del BID y los bancos de desarrollo subregionales: BCIE, CAF, CDB y FONPLATA. Asimismo, analiza la actuación de la CEPAL y la OPS. El ejercicio comparativo puede contribuir a discernir qué esquemas regionales mostraron vitalidad y eficacia, resultando en un impulso a la integración, y cuáles no lograron responder de forma adecuada, sin poder abandonar tendencias preexistentes de polarización y debilidad. El análisis ofrece, además, algunas lecciones y conlleva el propósito último de advertir desafíos para el presente y el futuro del regionalismo.
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Ruano, Lorena. La renovación de los altos cargos en la Unión Europea en 2024 y sus posibles efectos en la política hacia América Latina. Fundación Carolina, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.33960/issn-e.1885-9119.dt100.
Full textAbstract:
La renovación de los altos cargos en la Unión Europea (UE) en 2024 tendrá efectos en la política hacia América Latina (AL). Este documento plantea que los cambios serán más de énfasis que de fondo, con cierta continuidad en relaciones económicas y de cooperación, aunque se prevé un aumento del proteccionismo comercial, restricciones migratorias y el alejamiento de la Agenda 2030. A pesar de un deseo de mayor protagonismo internacional para la UE, es incierto si esto implicará una mayor atención a AL. El texto se divide en dos secciones. La primera analiza las relaciones actuales entre la UE y AL, abarcando diplomacia, economía y cooperación. Destaca que la relación ha sido afectada por crisis internas en AL y Europa, lo que ha llevado a un estancamiento en la colaboración. La cumbre UE-CELAC de 2023 fue un intento de revitalizar estos vínculos tras años sin encuentros. La segunda gran sección revisa los cambios institucionales recientes en la UE y su posible influencia en la política hacia AL. Se observa un aumento del extremismo político y una fragmentación parlamentaria que complican la toma de decisiones, lo cual favorece la inercia y la autonomía de la Comisión Europea. Las relaciones bilaterales han predominado, con tensiones notables entre países como México y España, mientras que con Chile y Colombia se han mantenido positivas. El acuerdo con Mercosur podría cerrarse, aunque su ratificación enfrenta retos reales. Finalmente, el contexto geopolítico actual, incluido el conflicto en Ucrania, ha reducido el espacio para AL en la agenda europea. A pesar de todo, esta es la región del mundo en desarrollo con la que la UE tiene la relación más institucionalizada y comparte más valores, lo cual puede servir para enfrentar las tentaciones unilateralistas.