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Journal articles on the topic 'Cement dust deposition'
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1
Sanjeev, Kumar Sajjan. "The Effect of Cement Dust on Vegetation." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development 2, no. 2 (2018): 909–12. https://doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd9542.
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This study was undertaken to study the effects of cement dust in vegetation in Azadirachta indica and Mangifera indica . The different amounts of cement dust mixed with soil on the seed germination, plant growth, leaf area. The reason for this was that cement dust generated as a by product from the cement factories is rich in potassium.Cement dust is a potentially phyto toxic pollutant. Large amounts of toxic substances are emitted during its production viz. carbon dioxide, particulate matter dust , oxides of nitrogen and sulfur dioxide. Cement dust also contains heavy metals like nickel, cobalt, lead, chromium and mercury. Its alkaline constituents such as oxides of calcium, potassium and sodium are responsible for the alkalization of ecosystem and soil. It is a common air pollutant affecting tree leaf in various ways i.e. cement dust deposition on leaves plugs stomatal activitiy and interrupts light absorption and gaseous diffusion. The cover formed by deposition of dust particles decrease the pigmentation of plant leaves. The physical and chemical properties of plant tissues can change by such large dust pollution. The behavior of plant body cells depends upon the chemical properties of dust particles. .The cement dust artificially sprayed on the plant surface with different levels. All the morphological and biochemical were analyzed. Morphological parameters Root length, Shoot Length, and dry weight were inhibited in high dose of cement deposition when compare control plant. Sanjeev Kumar Sajjan "The Effect of Cement Dust on Vegetation" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-2 , February 2018, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd9542.pdf
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R, CHITRALEKHA, DHAKSHINAMOORTHY M, and ARUNACHALAM G. "EFFECT OF CEMENT DEPOSITION ON SOIL HORIZONS AT DIFFERENT LOCATIONS AROUND THE CEMENT FACTORY." Madras Agricultural Journal 84, April (1997): 205–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.29321/maj.10.a00871.
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A study was undertaken in the area around a cement factory to assess the effect of cement kiln dust on the soil. Cement dust deposit varied with direction and distance from the kiln. The effect of cement kiln dust was comparatively high in east than south, west and north around the factory. In the eastern direction, the effect was more pronounced in the first two horizons. The cement dust showed an increase in bulk density and particle density and a decrease in porosity in E1 and E2 pedons. High values of pH and EC were recorded for the E1 and Ez pedons. Cation exchange capacity, exchange capacity, exchangeable Ca and K were also found to be high in E and Ez compared to all other pedons in all the four directions. Pedons E1 and E2 recorded comparitively higher content of free CaCO3, sesquioxides and acid insolubles.
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Pooja, Singh1 R.M. Mishra2 &. Riya Shrivastava*3. "LEAF DUST DEPOSITION AND ITS IMPACT ON CHLOROPHYLL CONTENT OF CASSIA FISTULA AND EUCALYPTUS GLOBULUS GROWING IN VICINITY OF JAYPEE CEMENT PLANT, REWA (M.P.)." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCES & RESEARCH TECHNOLOGY 7, no. 8 (2018): 471–76. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1401727.
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The study aimed to evaluate the seasonal variation in dust accumulation on leaves and leaf pigment content of leaves of two tree species viz; <em>Cassia fistula</em> and <em>Eucalyptus globulus </em>growing in the vicinity of Jaypee cement plant Rewa (M.P.). The impact of cement dust was observed via biochemical attributes (chlorophyll contents) from leaves of <em>Cassia fistula</em> and <em>Eucalyptus globulus</em>. The result showed maximum dust deposition in winter followed by summer and rainy for both plant species. It was seen that total chlorophyll decreased with the increasing dust load of selected cement dusted plant species and compared with non-dusted plant species. The result shows significant correlation (negative) between dust load and pigment content in all three seasons. Thus plants can be used in the subsiding of cement dust pollution by acting as natural filters.
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Panwar, Pankaj, and S. Bhardwaj. "Response of cement dust accumulation on germination parameters of Shorea robusta seeds." Indian Journal of Forestry 29, no. 2 (2006): 161–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps1000-2006-9ntaql.
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Seeds were collected from different direction and distance in the vicinity of cement factory. The seeds collected were tested for their germination parameters, to determine response of cement deposition. It was observed that the seeds collected from sites where cement deposition was higher were having lesser germination parameters compared to those which were collected from control sites.
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Vedulla, Gowtham, and Anbazhagan Geetha. "Dust accumulation on solar photovoltaic panels: An investigation study on power loss and efficiency reduction." Thermal Science, no. 00 (2023): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci221103112v.
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This study mainly focuses on understanding the properties of dust particle deposition (Cement, Brick powder, White cement, Fly ash, and Coal) on a solar photovoltaic (PV) panel under dry conditions in an indoor environment to record the percentage efficiency reduction profile. For the experimental study, a solar PV panel is manually drifted at three different titled angles (and) with respect to five different dust samples taken to replicate dry conditions. To maintain optimal power storage by ensuring maximum ray reflection as the angle of inclination of the Solar PV panel changes. It entails long-term postoperative improvement of the Solar PV module by increasing feasibility and meeting user needs. From the experiment result, it is observed that % of power loss of each dust particle is measured accurately such as cement (0.067), brick (0.190), white cement (0.163), fly ash (0.164), and coal (0.177), consolidated for three different tile angles. Similarly, % of power efficiency of each dust particle is measured accurately for three different tile angles such as cement (76.689%), brick (61.822%), white cement (52.792%), fly ash (59.859%), and coal (75.381%), respectively.
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Chapagain, Narahari, and Min Raj Dhakal. "Vegetation record around a cement factory and the impact of dust pollution on crop productivity." Nepalese Journal of Biosciences 1 (January 24, 2013): 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njbs.v1i0.7472.
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Effect of cement dust pollution on crop productivity in the environment of Himal Cement Factory, Kathmandu, Nepal has been studied. The productivity of the crops like wheat, maize and mustard were significantly low in the fields 1.5 km around the factory site in comparison to the fields at 3-4-km distance. Productivity of rice was least affected. Polluted area around the cement factory becomes unsuitable for vegetable production due to deposition of dust particles on the leaves. A list of plants growing around the factory has also been presented. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njbs.v1i0.7472 Nepalese Journal of Biosciences 1: 55-62 (2011)
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Amani, J., G. Kishore Babu, R. Lakshmipathi, G. Ramachandra Rao, and K. Chandrasekhar. "Effect of Cement Dust Deposition on Soil Microbial Properties." International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 7, no. 10 (2018): 1230–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2018.710.137.
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Anil Kumar Sisodia. "Impact of small particulate deposition on solar photovoltaic (PV) module performance." International Journal of Science and Research Archive 14, no. 1 (2025): 924–29. https://doi.org/10.30574/ijsra.2025.14.1.0036.
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The accumulation of dust and particulate pollutants on solar PV modules significantly reduces their performance efficiency. Fine particles, such as carbon, cement, and ash powder, cause more severe efficiency drops compared to coarser materials like brick powder. These pollutants obstruct light transmission and amplify thermal effects, with carbon powder and cement dust posing the greatest challenges due to their fine particle size and high solar radiation absorption capacity. Even small quantities of carbon particles result in substantial performance degradation, highlighting their critical impact. To sustain long-term efficiency, the development and implementation of effective cleaning methods and protective measures are essential for mitigating these detrimental effects.
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R, CHITRALEKHA, and DHAKSHINAMOORTHY M. "EFFECT OF CEMENT KILN DUST DEPOSITION ON THE PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF THE SOIL IN THE NEIGHBOURHOOD OF A CEMENT FACTORY." Madras Agricultural Journal 84, November December (1997): 675–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.29321/maj.10.a00942.
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The effect of cement deposition on the soil physical and chemical properties in the neighborhood of Sankar Cements, 6 km away from Tirunelveli town was studied. A negative correlation was observed in the eastern direction for bulk density (-0.9**) and particle density (-0.8), and a positive correlation for porosity (0.8*). Likewise, in the chemical properties a negative correlation was observed for R2O3 (-0.81**), Ca (-0.079**). Na (-0.37**) and K (-0.87**). The values were deviating from the factory. This shows that a marked influence was observed on the eastern side of the factory due to the cement kiln dust upto 2.0 km from the factory.
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Awuah, Prince Baffour, Albert Amatey Adjaottor, Emmanuel Gikunoo, Emmanuel Kwesi Arthur, Frank Ofori Agyemang, and Douglas Siaw Baah. "Dust Deposition and Associated Heavy Metal Contamination in the Neighborhood of a Cement Production Plant at Konongo, Ghana." Journal of Chemistry 2022 (October 15, 2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/6370679.
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The release of harmful particles from industries is one of the important sources of environmental pollution worldwide. The goal of this study was to determine the amounts of dust deposition and heavy metal pollution in the soils surrounding a cement mill in Konongo, Ghana. Topsoils (0-10 cm) were sampled at the four geographical axes of the factory within a radius of 400 m, while at the same time, about 500 g of cement was sampled with a hand trowel. A Frisbee dust sampler was used to examine the levels of dust depositions at the various geographical axes of the factory. The heavy metals such as cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and lead (Pb) were measured in a total of 20 soil samples using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). The results obtained for climatic elements such as wind speed and direction, temperature, and relative humidity were 2.25, 25.7, and 49.5 m3/s, respectively. The average deposition of dust within the study period using the geographical axis indicated that the southern axis recorded the highest dust accumulation with a mean of 60.2 g/m2 per month. The mean concentrations of metals at the various axes were 1.04 mg/kg, 4.78 mg/kg, 8.95 mg/kg, 9.30 mg/kg, and 18.4 mg/kg for Cd, Cr, Cu, Zn, and Pb, respectively. The concentration of chemical components investigated in the soil was below the WHO/FAO standard, except for Cd. The spatial distribution pattern of the examined heavy metals showed that Cd, Cr, and Cu represent possible sources of soil contaminants. According to the conclusions of this research, this paper suggests an approach to investigate the areas contaminated with heavy metals to call out the attention of local authorities to take action.
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Sharapov, Rashid. "Investigation of the Efficiency of a Granular Filter Based on Cement Clinker." MATEC Web of Conferences 346 (2021): 03082. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202134603082.
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The article describes the process of cleaning dusty gases. Attention is paid to the devices for fine cleaning of dusty gases. Attention is focused on the fact that the most simple and, at the same time, effective dust cleaning device is a granular filter. Its advantage is shown when cleaning dusty air from very aggressive devices, when working on high-temperature and aggressive gases. The prospects of granular filters, in which a cement clinker is used as a filter material, with a granule size of up to 10 mm, are shown. The main causes of dust deposition on grains, filaments or fibers are presented. Various approaches to determining the empirical dependences of the dust span on the design parameters of the filter apparatus are presented. The criterion dependence of the cement dust span is presented, which approximates the results of the experiment. It allows you to determine the efficiency of the granular filter from its design and technological parameters.
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Srivastava, Shubhangi, Abhishek James, and Ibadaiahun Myrthong. "Effect of Cement Dust on Soil Chemical Properties in the Vicinity of a Cement Factory, Ramnagar Chandauli, India." International Journal of Plant & Soil Science 35, no. 20 (2023): 103–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2023/v35i203790.
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The present study was carried out to assess the effect of cement dust deposition on the chemical properties of soil in the vicinity of Jai Laxmi cement factory, Ramnagar, Chandauli. Soil samples were collected and analyzed and compared with control site and standard soil classification. Comparison of soil chemical parameters revealed that cement dust from factory effect the soil quality surrounding cement factory. pH was found to be neutral to slightly alkaline near cement factory. EC (Electrical Conductivity) was in non-saline range. Soil organic carbon and SOM (Soil Organic Matter) was in medium range. NPK (Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium) was also high in affected range than the control site. At present it may not be that serious but if this trend continues soil properties of a vast area is likely to be change indirectly affecting flora, fauna, and human being.
 The present study was conducted to assess the soil chemical properties and effect of cement dust on the soil quality in the surroundings area of the Jai Laxmi Cement factory, situated at the industrial region of Ramnagar, Chandauli. Assessment of chemical properties of soil leads to the managing of resources while working with soil of a region. The specific analysis of this factor and different parameters testing related to this study is much needed to check the effects of cement dust from factory on soil because soil is our life-supporting system and plays a vital role in the earth’s ecosystem. Besides all the goodness, the soil quality is degrading day-by-day due to rapid urban-industrial growth and improper use and management of soil.
 The objective of study attempts to analyse the impact of these industrial activities and its interferences on the soil quality present in the vicinity of Jai Laxmi cement factory, Ramnagar Chandauli. It was done so to study the chemical parameters of soil in the vicinity of the Jai Laxmi cement factory, Ramnagar Chandauli and to Compare the affected soil sample with the standard soil classification.
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Matos, Ana M., Telma Ramos, and J. Sousa-Coutinho. "Strength, ASR and Chloride Penetration of Mortar with Granite Waste Powder." Key Engineering Materials 634 (December 2014): 139–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.634.139.
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Over the last decades, extensive research has been undertaken to minimize the use of Portland cement by increasing the amount of various supplementary cementing materials since currently global concrete production accounts for more than five percent of anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions. The granite cutting industry produces large amounts of wastes. Managing large amounts of sludge can be rather problematic for its producers, which must find appropriate places for storage and deposition. The experimental program carried out involved characterization of granite dust from a quarry in the north of Portugal, including chemical analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and laser particle size analysis. Subsequently, mechanical and durability properties (alkali-silica reaction and resistance to penetration of chloride ions) were evaluated in mortar produced with different dosages of cement replacement, as well as, different levels of fineness of ground granite. It could be concluded that finely ground granite dust can originate a denser cement matrix and improve durability without compromising fresh behavior or strength.
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Akighirga, A. T., S. A. Shomkegh, L. N. Sambe, and S. M. Ishaq. "ASSESSMENT OF CEMENT DUST POLLUTION ON FOREST SOILS AROUND DANGOTE CEMENT FACTORY GBOKO, BENUE STATE, NIGERIA." JOURNAL OF ARID AGRICULTURE Vol. 26, no. 1 (2025): 040–47. https://doi.org/10.63659/jaa/vol.26/issue1/006.
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This study evaluated the effects of cement dust pollution on forest soils surrounding the Dangote Cement Factory in Gboko, Nigeria. Soil samples were collected from three plots at varying distances: Site 1 (1 km), Site 2 (2 km), and a control (12 km). Fifteen soil samples were obtained (0–30 cm depth), air-dried, sieved, and analyzed. Major oxides were analyzed using titrimetric and flame photometric methods. Heavy metals were extracted via aqua regia digestion and analyzed using AAS. Soil pH and electrical conductivity were measured using calibrated meters. Fourteen soil parameters were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, percentages and ANOVA. Chemical analysis revealed elevated concentrations of CaO, MgO, Na2O, and K2O in soils closer to the factory. CaO concentrations were significantly higher (p<0.005) near the factory (6.24%) compared to the control (4.57%). Soil pH (6.67 to 7.74) showed a slight alkaline increase near the factory, with a significant increase (p<0.005) compared to the control (6.67). Heavy metal concentrations (Zn (4.32 mg/kg at 1km), Cu, Cr, Cd, Pb) were below permissible limits, but displayed an increasing trend with proximity to the factory and a decreasing trend compared to the control (2.77 mg/kg). These findings suggest soil degradation likely caused by cement dust deposition, highlighting the need for environmental monitoring and mitigation.
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Nazriddinzoda, Khasan, Valery Udachin, Ivan Blinov, Mikhail Shtenberg, Pavel Aminov, and Nikolay Udachin. "Pollution of potentially toxic metals in urban road dust in Dushanbe (Tajikistan)." E3S Web of Conferences 99 (2019): 04004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20199904004.
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Heavy metal contamination in the road dust due to traffic in the capital city of Tajikistan was investigated. Concentrations of potentially toxic elements (Ba, Cu, Cd, Co, Cr, Pb, Ni, Zn and As) in particle size of 63 μm were analyzed. The highest potentially toxic element concentration was Zn (312 mg/kg), whereas the lowest was Co (5.3 mg/kg).The biggest contribution to road dust is atmospheric deposition due to metal traffic density makes slight contribution to heavy metal contamination. According to the calculation on enrichment factor (EF), heavy metals decrease in the order of Sb>Cd>As>Cu>Zn>Pb. The Dushanbe city road dust particles are potentially influenced by minimum three sources of metals including: urban sources (vehicles traffic, etc.); industrial sources (cement, reinforcement plant, etc.); geogenic sources (soils, dusts, rock weathering, etc.).
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Morozov, Sergey, Vladimir Raputa, and Vasily Kokovkin. "ESTIMATION OF ORGANIC AND INORGANIC IMPURITY SEDIMENTS IN THE ENVIRONS OF CEMENT PLANT." Interexpo GEO-Siberia 4, no. 1 (2019): 113–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.33764/2618-981x-2019-4-1-113-120.
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The results of field and chemical analytical studies of snowpack contaminated by organic and inorganic impurities in the environ of cement plant in the winter season of 2016/17 are discussed. On the basis of numerical reconstruction of sedimentation fields, the existence of stable quantitative regularities of organic and inorganic impurity distribution in snow cover around the source is shown. The total deposition of dust quantity was reconstructed, and the pollution into the atmosphere within the considered winter season was estimated.
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Gharpure, Akshay, James William Heim, and Randy L. Vander Wal. "Characterization and Hazard Identification of Respirable Cement and Concrete Dust from Construction Activities." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 19 (2021): 10126. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph181910126.
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Construction is an important segment of the economy that employs millions of people. Construction dust is an occupational health hazard to millions of construction workers worldwide. The hazards associated with respirable dust depend upon its particulate size distribution and chemical composition, as these determine the deposition pattern in the respiratory tract and reactivity, respectively. This study presents characterization of the size and composition of the dust from two key construction materials—cast cement and poured concrete. The dust was generated by cutting the cured cement and concrete blocks using an 18” hand-held circular saw as used in highway and building construction. Transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, and laser diffraction were performed for the size analysis of the particles. Energy dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were used for chemical analysis. X-ray diffraction was used for phase identification. Electron diffraction patterns were obtained to assess the crystallinity of individual particles. They confirm the crystallinity of particles of different size and shapes. With a particle size range between 0.5 μm and 10 μm, greater than 90% of particles fell below 2.5 μm, presenting a respirable health concern. Crystalline compounds including the metals Al, Ca, Fe, Mg, Na, and K were detected. The concrete particles were most enriched in crystalline silica with a concentration of more than 30% by weight. The presence of metals and high crystalline silica content pose a serious health concern to construction workers.
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Mahandra, Harshit, Atefeh Azizitorghabeh, and Ahmad Ghahreman. "Comparative Study for Flue Dust Stabilization in Cement and Glass Materials: A Stability Assessment of Arsenic." Minerals 12, no. 8 (2022): 939. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min12080939.
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Arsenic is a poisonous element and its super mobility can pose a major threat to the environment and human beings. Disposed arsenic-bearing waste or minerals over time may release arsenic into the groundwater, soil and then the food chain. Consequently, safe landfill deposition should be carried out to minimize arsenic bleeding. Cement-based stabilization/solidification and glass vitrification are two important methods for arsenic immobilization. This work compares the stability and intrinsic leaching properties of sequestered arsenic by cement encapsulation and glass vitrification of smelter high-arsenic flue dust (60% As2O3) and confirms if they meet or exceed the requirement of landfill disposition over a range of environmentally relevant conditions. The toxicity characterization leaching procedure (TCLP, 1311), synthetic precipitation leaching procedure (SPLP, 1312) and Australian standard (Aus. 4439.3) in short-term (18 h) and mass transfer from monolithic material using a semi-dynamic leaching tank (1315) in longer-term (165 days) were employed to assess arsenic immobility characteristic in three arsenic-cement (2%, 8.4% and 14.4%) and arsenic-glass (11.7%) samples. Moreover, calcium release from different matrices has been taken into consideration as a contributor to arsenic bleeding. Based on the USEPA guidelines, samples can be acceptable for landfilling only if As release is < 5 mg/L. Results obtained from short-term leaching were almost similar for both cement and glass materials. However, high calcium release was observed from the cement-encapsulated materials. The pH of leachates after the test was highly alkaline for encapsulated materials; however, in glass material it was near neutral or slightly acidic. Method 1315 tests made a huge difference between the two materials and confirmed that cement encapsulation is not the best method for landfilling arsenic waste due to the high arsenic and calcium release over time with alkaline pH. However, glass material has shown promising results, i.e., the insignificant release of arsenic over time with an acceptable change in pH value. Overall, arsenic sequestration in glass is a better option compared with the cement-based solidification process.
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Kutuzov, Stanislav, Michel Legrand, Susanne Preunkert, et al. "The Elbrus (Caucasus, Russia) ice core record – Part 2: history of desert dust deposition." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 19, no. 22 (2019): 14133–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-14133-2019.
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Abstract. Ice cores are one of the most valuable paleo-archives. Records from ice cores provide information not only about the amount of dust in the atmosphere, but also about dust sources and their changes in the past. In 2009, a 182 m long ice core was recovered from the western plateau of Mt Elbrus (5115 m a.s.l.). This record was further extended after a shallow ice core was drilled in 2013. Here we analyse Ca2+ concentrations, a commonly used proxy of dust, recorded in these Elbrus ice records over the time period of 1774–2013 CE. The Ca2+ record reveals quasi-decadal variability with a generally increasing trend. Using multiple regression analysis, we found a statistically significant spatial correlation of the Elbrus Ca2+ summer concentrations with precipitation and soil moisture content in the Levant region (specifically Syria and Iraq). The Ca2+ record also correlates with drought indices in North Africa (r=0.67, p<0.001) and Middle East regions (r=0.71, p<0.001). Dust concentrations prominently increase in the ice core over the past 200 years, confirming that the recent droughts in the Fertile Crescent (1998–2012 CE) present the most severe aridity experienced in at least the past two centuries. For the most recent 33 years recorded (1979–2012 CE), significant correlations exist between Ca2+ and Pacific circulation indices (Pacific Decadal Oscillation, Southern Oscillation Index and Niño 4), which suggests that the increased frequency of extreme El Niño and La Niña events due to a warming climate has extended their influence to the Middle East. Evidence demonstrates that the increase in Ca2+ concentration in the ice core cannot be attributed to human activities, such as coal combustion and cement production.
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Abdel- Rahman, Amal, and Mohamed Ibrahim. "Effect of cement dust deposition on physiological behaviors of some halophytes in the salt marshes of Red Sea." Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, H. Botany 3, no. 1 (2012): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/eajbsh.2012.17001.
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Świercz, Anna. "Reaction of Coniferous Forest Vegetation to Particulate Deposition Under Alkaline Pressure." Folia Biologica et Oecologica 7 (December 12, 2011): 229–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10107-009-0027-9.
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The aim of this study was to determine direction, rate and character of the changes in coniferous forest communities caused by anthropogenic stress factors (alkaline emission and imission) changing with time. To fulfil this goal, we have performed comprehensive studies of soils and plants at the study sites located in coniferous forest communities remaining under direct influence of cement and lime industry in the Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship. There were differences in the accumulation of elements in pine needles collected at alkalized sites in comparison with needles from the control site: Ca content was 2.5 times higher and Cu, Pb and Sr contents were 2–3 times higher, while Al and Fe, and Mn contents were twice and 10 times lower respectively. SEM analysis of morphological features of pine needle surface, in particular degree of preservation of epicuticular waxes can be as an indicator of assimilatory organ degeneration caused by dust deposition which induces wax layer erosion. Declining species number and biodiversity, particularly conspicuous at the Sitkówka site, was a general tendency observed over the study period (from 18 to 10 years). Other noticeable processes include slow regenerative changes of the community with a tendency towards higher contribution of acidophilic coniferous forest species with lower light and temperature requirements and suppression of meadow, ruderal and associated taxa. Further studies are required in order to define succession rate and direction of changes in species composition of these communities.
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Prochazka, Lukas, and Adela Brazdova. "Surface modification of alkali-activated materials regarding durability." E3S Web of Conferences 550 (2024): 01044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202455001044.
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This paper deals with the possibility of applying a surface modification coating to hybrid alkali-activated materials based on granulated blast-furnace slag activated with disodium metasilicate anhydrous with partial replacement of silica fly ash and cement by-pass dust in the amounts of 15% and 15%. The selected coatings (epoxy and synthetic) were applied in two series - the first, deposited in the water after demolding, and the second, wrapped in foil. The strength of the materials, the thickness of the coating and the effect of scaling resistance were monitored in the experiment. The compressive strength of this mixture was around 68 MPa and the flexural strength was around 6.5 MPa after 28 days of curing. For the tensile strengths of the prepared composites, slightly higher strengths were obtained for the samples deposited in the plastic foil, with the strengths of both series being around 2.4 MPa. For the scaling resistance, the lowest weight losses were achieved for the specimens coated with synthetic coating, which is valid for both deposition methods.
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Kozłowski, Rafał, Robert Kruszyk, and Stanisław Małek. "The Effect of Environmental Conditions on Pollution Deposition and Canopy Leaching in Two Pine Stands (West Pomerania and Świętokrzyskie Mountains, Poland)." Forests 11, no. 5 (2020): 535. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11050535.
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This study analyzed the effect of atmospheric deposition on canopy leaching processes in stands predominantly composed of Scots pines. The research was conducted in two stands: the first located in the southwestern part of the Świętokrzyskie Mountains in the area known as Białe Zagłębie (Malik), and the second in the northwestern part of Poland in Western Pomerania (Czarne). The study was conducted in the hydrological years 2010–2013. The goal of the study was to assess the chemical transformation of precipitation as a result of various human activities. In Malik, the main factor that determined the physicochemical and chemical properties of throughfall was the cement/lime dust emitted by nearby industrial plants, which not only affected the quantity of deposit but also contributed to the alkalization process of throughfall. By contrast, the main source of pollution in Czarne, where local emitters are absent, was long-distance transport. We conducted a principal component analysis (PCA) in both stands that produced components representing local pollution (Malik) and long-distance transport (Czarne). For the stand in Czarne, sea aerosols were an important source of Na+ and Cl− ions in precipitation. In both stands, the highest enrichment ratio (ER) values were recorded for K+ ions. The contribution of leaching processes to the bulk deposition of K+ ions in Malik was 85.8%, whereas in Czarne, it was 73.8%. Regardless of the degree of anthropopressure, the intensity of quantitative and qualitative transformation in pine stands was comparable.
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Conceição, Fabiano Tomazini da, Maria Lúcia Pereira Antunes, Vivian Andréia Angelucci, Rodrigo Braga Moruzzi, and Guillermo Rafael Beltran Navarro. "RAINWATER CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND ANNUAL ATMOSPHERIC DEPOSITION IN SOROCABA (São Paulo State), Brazil." Revista Brasileira de Geofísica 31, no. 1 (2013): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.22564/rbgf.v31i1.242.
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ABSTRACT: This work evaluated the rainwater chemical composition and the annual atmospheric deposition in Sorocaba (São Paulo State), Brazil. One sampling point was chosen and forty samples were collected between January and December 2006. The analyses were performed for pH, electrical conductivity, sodium, calcium, potassium, magnesium, sulphate, nitrate, phosphate, alkalinity and chloride. The rainwater pH varied from 5.20 to 6.40, being Ca 2 + the main ion responsible for controlling the rainwater pH. The ionic concentration decreases in the following order: Ca 2 + >Na+ > K+ >Mg 2 + for cations and SO 2 − 4 >HCO− 3 >NO− 3 >Cl− >PO 3 − 4 for anions. The annual atmospheric deposition appears to be controlled by the following sources: mining activities and cement factories (Ca 2 + and HCO− 3 ), agricultural activities (K+, NO− 3 and PO 3 − 4 ), soil dust (Na+, Mg 2 + and HCO− 3 ) and fossil fuel burning (SO 2 − 4 ). RESUMO: Este trabalho avaliou a composição química das águas pluviais e a deposição atmosférica anual na cidade de Sorocaba (SP). Um ponto de amostragem foi escolhido e quarenta amostras foram coletadas entre janeiro e dezembro de 2006. As amostras foram caracterizadas em relação ao pH, condutividade elétrica, sódio, cálcio, potássio, magnésio, sulfato, nitrato, fosfato, alcalinidade e cloreto. O pH das águas de chuva variou entre 5,20 e 6,40, sendo o Ca 2 + o principal íon responsável pelo controle do pH das águas de chuva. A concentração iônica diminui na seguinte ordem: Ca 2 + >Na+ >K+ >Mg 2 + para os cátions e SO 2 − 4 >HCO− 3 >NO− 3 >Cl− >PO 3 − 4 para os ânions. A deposição atmosférica anual parece ser controlada pelas seguintes fontes: minerações e fábricas de cimento (Ca 2 + e HCO− 3 ), atividades agrícolas (K+, NO− 3 e PO 3 − 4 ), poeira de solo (Na+, Mg 2 + e HCO− 3 ) e queima de combustíveis fósseis (SO 2 − 4 ).Palavras-chave: Sorocaba, composição da água de chuva, poluição atmosférica.
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Missimer, Thomas M., James H. MacDonald, Seneshaw Tsegaye, et al. "Natural Background and the Anthropogenic Enrichment of Mercury in the Southern Florida Environment: A Review with a Discussion on Public Health." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 21, no. 1 (2024): 118. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph21010118.
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Mercury (Hg) is a toxic metal that is easily released into the atmosphere as a gas or a particulate. Since Hg has serious health impacts based on human exposure, it is a major concern where it accumulates. Southern Florida is a region of high Hg deposition in the United States. It has entered the southern Florida environment for over 56 MY. For the past 3000 to 8000 years, Hg has accumulated in the Everglades peatlands, where approximately 42.3 metric tons of Hg was deposited. The pre-industrial source of mercury that was deposited into the Everglades was from the atmosphere, consisting of combined Saharan dust and marine evasion. Drainage and the development of the Everglades for agriculture, and other mixed land uses have caused a 65.7% reduction in the quantity of peat, therefore releasing approximately 28 metric tons of Hg into the southern Florida environment over a period of approximately 133 years. Both natural and man-made fires have facilitated the Hg release. The current range in mercury release into the southern Florida environment lies between 994.9 and 1249 kg/yr. The largest source of Hg currently entering the Florida environment is from combined atmospheric sources, including Saharan dust, aerosols, sea spray, and ocean flux/evasion at 257.1–514.2 kg/yr. The remobilization of Hg from the Everglades peatlands and fires is approximately 215 kg/yr. Other large contributors include waste to energy incinerators (204.1 kg/yr), medical waste and crematory incinerators (159.7+ kg/yr), and cement plant stack discharge (150.6 kg/yr). Minor emissions include fuel emissions from motorized vehicles, gas emissions from landfills, asphalt plants, and possible others. No data are available on controlled fires in the Everglades in sugar farming, which is lumped with the overall peatland loss of Hg to the environment. Hg has impacted wildlife in southern Florida with recorded excess concentrations in fish, birds, and apex predators. This bioaccumulation of Hg in animals led to the adoption of regulations (total maximum loads) to reduce the impacts on wildlife and warnings were given to consumers to avoid the consumption of fish that are considered to be contaminated. The deposition of atmospheric Hg in southern Florida has not been studied sufficiently to ascertain where it has had the greatest impacts. Hg has been found to accumulate on willow tree leaves in a natural environment in one recent study. No significant studies of the potential impacts on human health have been conducted in southern Florida, which should be started based on the high rates of Hg fallout in rainfall and known recycling for organic sediments containing high concentrations of Hg.
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Panwar, Pooja, Disha Punetha, Richa Rajput, and Vijay Shridhar. "Elemental concentration in particulate matter deposited on sugarcane leaves along an industrial area of Uttarakhand." Indian Journal of Forestry 41, no. 3 (2018): 245–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps1000-2018-ck6k50.
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Particulate Matter (PM) is widely recognized as one of the most severe threats to human health and environment. In the present study, the trace elemental analysis of particulate matter deposited on sugarcane leaves was carried out during the summer and winter season in 2014. Six sampling sites were selected including one control site in the Bhagwanpur industrial area in Uttarakhand. A total of 11 elements (Zn, Pb, Mn, Fe, Mg, Cr, Ni, Ca, Cu, Co, and Cd) were analyzed using ICP-OES (Inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy). The elemental concentration in the PM deposited on the leaf surface was found to be significantly higher (p<0.05) in the affected sites in comparison to control site. The high concentration of metals like lead, Chromium, Zinc, Cobalt, Nickel, Manganese in the PM/dust, characterize the air quality in the sites which are near to the industrial area. Ca was found to be in a maximum concentration in the particulate load which was followed by Fe, Mg, Zn, Mn, Cu, Pb, Ni, Cr, Co, Cd. The metal loadings in PM suggest that there is the high atmospheric deposition due to various industries and vehicular activity. The main variation in the heavy metals in the sites was due to various industries (Cement, textile, Brick kiln, Rubber, battery recycling factory) and vehicular activity. The mean concentrations of Cd and Cr in the sugarcane leaves were below the tolerance limit as per the Indian and WHO standards. Moreover, metals such as Cu, Fe, Zn, Ni, and Pb surpassed these limits.
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Subashini., P., Suga. D. Sumetha, Ramakumar M., Nandini Dhanapal, Natarajan V., and Ananthi B. "A Comparative Study on the Efficacy of TOTASEP Disinfectant in a Newly Built Operation Theatre Versus to an Already Existing Well-Functioning Operation Theatre: A Prospective Cross Sectional Analytical Study." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 15, no. 8 (2023): 1224–29. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11521335.
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<strong>Introduction: </strong>Disinfection and infection control protocol implementation is a continuous process in healthcare setups. Strict and stringent disinfectant protocol must be followed in high risk areas like ICU and in OT theaters. Hospital set ups can face many hurdles in implementing the protocol and maintaining its quality throughout the healthcare setups. In our study we throw light upon differences and difficulties faced while fumigating, an already existing OT theater compared to the newly built OT theater, along with the disinfectant potency.<strong>Materials and Methods:</strong><strong>Study design: </strong>Analytical study. <strong>Study place:</strong> ACS medical college and hospital and Sri Lalithambigai Medical College and Hospital, Chennai. <strong>Period of Study:</strong> January 2022 to December 2022. As per the Hospital infection guidelines and disinfectant policy designed based on our hospital setup, the protocol was followed. Pre fogging OT theater environment samples, post fogging environment samples, and post deep cleaning environment samples were analyzed. <strong>Results: </strong>the results were interpreted and comparative analysis was done by using SPSS software 2023 version. The results showed that disinfectants used in an established OT set up showed more sensitivity than the newly built OT. The disinfectant analysed was TOTASEP. There was not much difference with the specificity between the two OT setups. There was a need for usage of additional disinfectant in case of newly built OT theater due to the micro debris and dust deposits from the construction works. <strong>Conclusion: </strong>We came to know that Totasep was more efficient in a well-established OT set up compared to the newly built. The major factor included were as newly built theater cleaning must be done frequently due to the deposition of the debris, cement dust, AC vent deposits. The other factor that we noticed was insect’s infestations and pest control must be followed more vigorously. Frequent visitors for plumbing works, leaks, bolt or screw tightening will happen in a newly built setup. After each and every visit required through cleaning of the setup. Totasep alone cannot be used as a single disinfectant, additional disinfectant must also be used in a newly built hospital OT, to avoid the above mentioned factors and frequent exposure of the same disinfectants may also lead to resistant in the insects and pest which was in the area.
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Melita, Lucia Noor, Katarzyna Węgłowska, Diego Tamburini, and Capucine Korenberg. "Investigating the Potential of the Er:YAG Laser for the Removal of Cemented Dust from Limestone and Painted Plaster." Coatings 10, no. 11 (2020): 1099. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings10111099.
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A successful application of Er:YAG laser for the cleaning of a restored Assyrian relief sculpture from the British Museum collection is presented. Displayed in the gallery, the sculpture has darkened over time due to the natural deposition of dirt, in particular on restored parts. Since traditional cleaning methods have demonstrated to be unsuccessful, a scientific investigation was performed to identify the composition of the soiling and the materials used for the restoration. The analysis suggested the presence of gypsum, calcium oxalate, carbonates and alumino-silicates on the encrustation. The molded plaster, composed of lime and gypsum and pigmented aggregates, was likely prepared at the end of the 19th century to mimic the stone color. It was repainted with what was identified as a modern oil-based overpaint, applied to cover darkening during a second conservation treatment in the 20th century. Laser trials were first performed on small areas of the objects and on mock-ups to determine the critical fluence thresholds of the surface, investigated through visual examination and analyses using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Py–GC–MS). The right parameters and conditions to be used during the cleaning process were, therefore, determined. The chemical selectivity of the cleaning process allowed us to complete the treatment safely while preserving the restoration.
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Zhu, Jiyou, Xinna Zhang, Weijun He, et al. "Response of plant reflectance spectrum to simulated dust deposition and its estimation model." Scientific Reports 10, no. 1 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-73006-2.
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Abstract To quantitatively reflect the relationship between dust and plant spectral reflectance. Dust from different sources in the city were selected to simulate the spectral characteristics of leaf dust. Taking Euonymus japonicus as the research object. Prediction model of leaf dust deposition was established based on spectral parameters. Results showed that among the three different dust pollutants, the reflection spectrum has 6 main reflection peaks and 7 main absorption valleys in 350–2500 nm. A steep reflection platform appears in the 692–763 nm band. In 760–1400 nm, the spectral reflectance gradually decreases with the increase of leaf dust coverage, and the variation range was coal dust > cement dust > pure soil dust. The spectral reflectance in 680–740 nm gradually decreases with the increase of leaf dust coverage. In the near infrared band, the fluctuation amplitude and slope of its first derivative spectrum gradually decrease with the increase of leaf dust. The biggest amplitude of variation was cement dust. With the increase of dust retention, the red edge position generally moves towards short wave direction, and the red edge slope generally decreases. The blue edge position moved to the short wave direction first and then to the long side direction, while the blue edge slope generally shows a decreasing trend. The yellow edge position moved to the long wave direction first and then to the short wave direction (coal dust, cement dust), and generally moved to the long side direction (pure soil dust). The yellow edge slope increases first and then decreases. The R2 values of the determination coefficients of the dust deposition prediction model have reached significant levels, which indicated that there was a relatively stable correlation between the spectral reflectance and dust deposition. The best prediction model of leaf dust deposition was leaf water content index model (y = 1.5019x − 1.4791, R2 = 0.7091, RMSE = 0.9725).
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A. Kokatnur, Sukumar, and V. B. Saviramath. "Impact of Cement Dust on Physico-chemical Properties of Soils around a Cement Factory in Bagalkot, Karnataka, India." Journal of Geography, Environment and Earth Science International, April 3, 2019, 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jgeesi/2019/v20i230103.
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Aims: To study the physicochemical properties of soil around the cement factory, to examine the effect of the industrial dust on the soil properties and to analyse the relation between the proportion of pollutants and the distance from the cement factory.
 Study Design: Were used to analyse the relationship between soil samples at four different locations within the study area. Statistical methods such as; percentage, graph and Pearson correlation method.
 Place and Duration of Study: For this study soil samples were collected around J k cement factory near Muddhapura of Mudhol Taluk of Bagalkot district in the pre monsoon period at four directions. Samples were analysed using titrant method, flame photometer method, oslen method to determine physicochemical properties. Pearson correlation method was used to analyse the relation between concentration of different elements in the soil samples and distances in four directions.
 Results: From detailed analysis it was observed that there was increase in concentration of major elements, such as P, Ca, and Mg. However, there are some exceptions such as OC, N, S, Na, Zn, and Fe whose concentration in the soil samples increase with increase in distances in all directions. Since their correlation with distance is positive and significant since the P-value is less than 0.05. 
 Conclusion: In the present study, it has been established that the physicochemical properties of the soils around the factory have been changed due to the dust deposition as it is adversely affecting the composition soils. This in turn affected the concentration of nutrients required for plants growth. Furthermore, it may become hazardous to soil, flora and fauna.
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"Impacts of Cement Dust Deposition on Heavy Metal Pollution in Soil and Barley Crop Grown Around Abyssinia Cement Factory, Ethiopia." Chemistry and Materials Research, February 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7176/cmr/11-2-01.
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H. Dalhat, M., A. R. Amale, M. Maimuna, I. Bashiru, and K. Sirajo. "Comparative Study of Mineral and Phytochemical Analysis of Soil and Lactuca sativa Grown in the Vicinity of Cement Company of Northern Nigeria (Sokoto Cement) and Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto (Kwalkwalawa)." Asian Journal of Research in Biochemistry, September 27, 2017, 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajrb/2017/v1i1329.
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Environmental pollution is a major issue which confronts industry and business in today’s world on daily basis. Industrial activities are the leading cause of metals emission, often associated with soil and plant metal concentration in adjacent regions. Cement industry is one of the 17 most polluting industries listed by the central pollution control board (CPCB). Impact of dust deposition from Cement Company of Northern Nigeria on the proximate and phytochemical concentrations of lettuce (Lactuca sativa) was studied. A comparative study of heavy metal concentration and phytochemicals of Lactuca sativa and soil samples from Kalambaina (Industrial area) and Kwalkwalawa (non-Industrial area) were estimated using atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS) and standard analytical procedures respectively. Result of quantitative phytochemical analysis revealed significant difference (P<0.05) in all parameters. Heavy metal values of Pb(0.012±0.002 mg/g), Zn(0.043±0.003 mg/g), and Ca(706.860±14.980 mg/g) in Lactuca sativa collected from Kalambaina revealed significant difference (P<0.05) when compare to samples collected from Kwalkwalawa and WHO standard. In addition, the heavy metal concentration in soil collected from Kalambaina showed significant difference (P<0.05) when compare to samples collected from Kwalkwalawa; with the highest value recorded in Ca (974.25±48 mg/g) which might be as a result of activities in the cement industry. Conclusively, plants grown at cement industries might not be safe for consumption