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1
Ershad, Subarna, Md Minhaz Uddin, and Md Omar Faruk. "Analysis on the Financial Performance of Selected Cement Industries of Bangladesh." International Journal of Finance Research 2, no. 1 (2021): 46–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.47747/ijfr.v2i1.334.
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This paper aims to analyze the financial performance of industries of Bangladesh, which are performing a crucial role in the current economic development trend of the country. Heidelberg Cement Bangladesh Ltd, Crown Cement, Lafarge Holcim and Meghna Cements are selected for analysis for their 70% of market share coverage of the cement industry. Competency of selected leading four cement companies are looked over here with some financial parameters like Return on Asset (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), Earnings Per Share (EPS), Total Debt Ratio (TDR), Current Ratio (CR), Net Working Capital Ratio (NWCR), Assets Turnover Ratio (ATR) and mean value analysis technique. In preferred financial parameters and mean value analysis technique Heidelberg Cement Bangladesh Ltd has a good position, and in most cases, Meghna Cements obtained the lowest score. To attain desired efficacy in the cement industry of Bangladesh shortly, some prime recommendations such as reduction of production cost, prioritization on economies of scale, and business augmentation have come up here.
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Reddy, V. Mallikarjuna, and B. Sharada. "PERFORMANCE OF CONCRETE BY USING HYPO SLUDGE AS A MINERAL ADMIXTURE." E3S Web of Conferences 184 (2020): 01108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202018401108.
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Increase in the paper waste from paper industries become most serious disposal problem by occupying large space and environmental pollution which is raising every day. To reduce the paper waste and environmental pollution, it is proposed to use the paper waste as Hypo sludge in concrete mix which contains cementitious properties like silica and magnesium. The main ingredient of concrete is cement. During the manufacturing of cement, large amount of carbon dioxide is released into the environment which causes global warming. To control environmental pollution from cement industries, Hypo sludge is used as a partial replacement of cement so that it can reduce cement content and support as an eco-friendly building material. In this research cement is replaced with fly ash and Hypo sludge. By adding 0 percent,3 percent,6 percent,9 percent 12percent and 15percent of hypo sludge, compressive and split tensile strength of concrete and also performance of Hypo sludge concrete are studied. From the experiment, compressive strength and split tensile strength of Hypo sludge concrete increases up to optimum dosage.
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Shrivastava, Sanjeev, and Shrivastava R.L. "A systematic literature review on green manufacturing concepts in cement industries." International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management 34, no. 1 (2017): 68–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijqrm-02-2014-0028.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to survey the technical performance of the cement industry including those related to procedures; groundwork of raw materials, fuels and semi-finished products for processing; accessibility of machinery, plant and equipment for various operations; arrangement and process control management. Design/methodology/approach A broad range of survey and research was reviewed, and all revealed the methods to recognize the key influences for development of green technology. The study explores the present scenario of green manufacturing (GM) strategies of Indian cement companies and provides the industrial ecology, ways of reducing energy consumption, environmental impact data collection, design and control of manufacturing systems and integration of product and manufacturing system. It also reveals the problems in decision-making systems owing to the impact of the green product design. Here, in this paper, all information is obtained by the medium of internet, journals, articles, and magazines. Findings This paper describes a problem of global warming, gas, water and other wastages emissions at the time of cement manufacturing and put forward a path that enables decision makers to assess the perception of GM in their organization and in prioritizing GM efforts. Originality/value This perspective survey is to provide an integrative outlook of performance methods for GM practices in the Indian cement industries. It gives important information, which expectantly will help in cement industry to adopt GM practices. This paper fills the gap in the literature on identification, establishment, and validation of performance measures of GM for Indian cement industries.
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Bediako, Mark, Charles Dela Adobor, Eric Opoku Amankwah, Kofi Nyako, and Charles Kwame Kankam. "Maximizing the Sustainability of Cement Utilization in Building Projects through the Use of Greener Materials." Journal of Engineering 2016 (2016): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/1375493.
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Greener technologies and sustainable developments are currently among the main tools used by many industries in shaping the world for a better future. The construction industry that is known to have numerous negative impact on sustainability is now wide awake on sustainable measures which can aid in reducing its negative impact. In this work, green cement was produced from pyroprocessed clay (PC) at 800°C and mixed together with Portland cement. This paper presents both laboratory tests and some field applications of green cement application. Laboratory tests performed included setting times, compressive strength, and shrinkage. Field applications of the green cement are shown. Results from the work showed that well-proportioned greener cement gained strengths between 11% and 30% more than Portland cement at standard curing period of 3, 7, 14, and 28 days. However, in real statistical terms, there was no difference between Portland cement and green cement strength performance. Shrinkage from both total and autogenous tests also showed insignificant differences between the two cements. The study recommends the use of green cements with pozzolanic origin than only Portland cement as a way to maximize sustainability in building projects.
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Bhavsar, Chaitanya. "Flexural Performance of RC Beam with the Partial Replacement of Cement with EggshellPowder(ESP)." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, no. 6 (2023): 2568–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.54108.
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Abstract: It's a renowned fact that concrete used around the globe is second only to water. The cement industries have been categorized as highly polluting industries by the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB). The production of ordinary Portland cement contributes 5-7% of total greenhouse gas emission and also consumes large amount of energy, hence it is crucial to discover substitute to cement. Eggshell is a waste material that can be obtained from restaurants, bakeries and households. Eggshell powder (ESP) has high amounts of calcium and can be combined with pozzolanic materials, such as fly ash, which have low calcium content. If effective uses for eggshell can be found, it would create an opportunity for a sustainable solution. Eggshell waste is among the most abundant agro-waste material discharged from food processing industries. Despite the exceptional properties and several applications, eggshell is castoff in huge quantity without any further use. This review paper focuses on appraising the potential uses of eggshell waste as a feedstock for production of sustainable construction materials. The emphasis is on the need to exploit extensively eggshell waste as a partial cement replacement material in cement-based construction materials. This study focuses on the viability of using calcined eggshells (CES) as a partial replacement of cement by analysing early age performance. Compressive, Flexural and Split Tensile Strength of concrete with 10%, 15%, 20% cement replacement with eggshell powder. The utilization of PES which offers a low-cost and energy-efficient resource for construction.
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Aquino, Carlos, Shogo Yagi, and Takahisa Okamoto. "Fracture Energy Analysis of Eco-Concretes in Japan." Advanced Materials Research 168-170 (December 2010): 985–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.168-170.985.
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The raw materials from household garbage and industrial waste have increased its usage in the concrete and cement industries. These eco-materials have helped the environment, avoiding pollution, land filling or burning of waste and the usage of other natural resources. However, the cost of many eco-materials is still higher than that of common natural materials. It is necessary to study in detail its behavior and properties to decrease its cost and increase its performance. This research deals with Eco-cement and molten slag aggregate which main raw materials are household garbage and industrial waste. Concretes produced with Portland cement and Eco-cement were mixed with gravel, limestone, quartz and molten slag aggregates to compare its properties. The fracture energy, strength and modulus of elasticity tests were performed and discussed in this paper. The concretes produced with Eco-cement and molten slag aggregate show better results than those produced with Portland cement and natural aggregates.
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Beguedou, Essossinam, Satyanarayana Narra, Ekua Afrakoma Armoo, Komi Agboka, and Mani Kongnine Damgou. "Alternative Fuels Substitution in Cement Industries for Improved Energy Efficiency and Sustainability." Energies 16, no. 8 (2023): 3533. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16083533.
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The conventional energy source in cement industries is fossil fuels, mainly coal, which has a high environmental footprint. On average, energy expenditures account for 40% of the overall production costs per ton of cement. Reducing both the environmental impact and economic expenditure involves incorporating alternative energy sources (fuels) such as biomass, solid-derived fuel (SDF), refuse-derived fuel (RDF) etc. However, within cement plants, the substitution of conventional fossil fuels with alternative fuels poses several challenges due to the difficulty in incorporating additional fuel-saving techniques. Typically, an additional 3000 MJ of electricity per ton of clinker is required. One of the most effective solutions to this is thermal optimization through co-processing and pre-processing, which makes it possible to implement additional fossil-fuel-saving techniques. In developing nations such as Togo, waste-management systems rely on co-processing in cement factories through a waste-to-energy relationship. Also, there are some old cement plants with low-efficiency, multi-stage preheaters without pre-calciners, reciprocating huge coolers, low-efficiency motors etc., which still operate and need to be made environmentally sustainable. However, compared to modern kilns which can have up to 95% of energy recovery from waste, an old suspension preheater kiln can recover only up to 60% of its heat energy depending on the cooler type, and due to the lack of a bypass and combustion chamber (pre-calciner). This research paper evaluated the performance of a cement plant incorporating AF and presents the procedures and recommendations to optimize AF substitution in cement plants. To achieve this, a comparative performance study was carried out by assessing the alternative fuel characteristics and the equipment performance before and after the incorporation of the alternative fuel. Data were collected on the optimum substitution ratio, pre-processing and co-processing performance, raw-meal design and economic analysis. Results indicated that the cost to be covered per ton of waste input is €10.9 for solid-derived fuel (SDF), €15 for refuse-derived fuel (RDF), and that the co-processing cost optimization for the cement plant could have a cost saving of up to 7.81€/GJ. In conclusion, it is recommended that appropriate kiln and alternative-fuel models be created for forecasting production based on various AF.
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Olayinka, Aminu Abdulrahim, and Shettima Mustapha. "Analysing financial performance of listed cement industries in Nigeria: Financial Ratio Approach." Annals of Management and Organization Research 3, no. 4 (2023): 231–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.35912/amor.v3i4.1394.
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Purpose: The grounds for this study are to reflect a quantitative connection allying the financial statements of different firms at different periods and how the financial performance (FP) of firms can be measured using financial ratios. Research methodology: This research employs descriptive research with a quantitative approach focusing on calculations. Data were analysed through the Financial Ratio Analysis (FRA). Results: The comparative FRA unlocks the overall FP of the three firms. The result refill that, on average, Dangote Cement plc maintain the lead, CCNN/BUA Cement second, while Lafarge Africa plc is the least in all the FP indicator used. Limitations: The analysis is restricted to ten years FSs published by the three giant firms in the cement industries in Nigeria plc between the years 2012 to 2021. Contribution: This analysis expatriates and, in greater detail, the benefits that can be derived from applying FR analysis as a tool for financial performance (FP) measurement. It also helps in determining how the financial performance of firms can be measured through financial ratios.
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Popov, Aleksandar, and Georgi Chernev. "EFFECT OF GRINDING AIDS ON CEMENT PROPERTIES AND GRINDING PROCESS." Journal of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy 59, no. 6 (2024): 1327–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.59957/jctm.v59.i6.2024.6.
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The cement industry is one of the most energy-intensive industries, which is why new energy-reducing and reducingCO2 emissions, additives are being sought. Grinding aid or grinding additives refer to substances that when mixed into the mill contents cause an increase in the rate of size reduction. These terms are very common in cement industries where it increases the throughput of the mill. Grinding aid also affects the cement flowability throughout the circuits. The grinding aid facilitates size reduction so that the mill has to apply less grinding power without hurting any of the properties of the resulting cement. The present research work aimed to investigate the influence of a chemical grinding aid ethylene glycol (EG) on cement properties and mill performance during the grinding of Portland cement beyond 500 ppm reaching up to 1200 ppm. The obtained results show increasing in initial compressive strength and increasing in the productivity of the cement mill.
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Lande, Ingrid, and Rein Terje Thorstensen. "Towards Efficient Use of Cement in Ultra High Performance Concrete." Nordic Concrete Research 65, no. 2 (2021): 81–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ncr-2021-0017.
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Abstract This paper presents an investigation on substituting the cement content with an inert material, in a typical locally produced UHPC mix. A structured literature review was performed to enrichen the discussion and to benchmark the results towards already reported investigations in the research society. Investigations on cement substitution in UHPC are frequently reported. However, usually the cement is substituted with other binding materials – often pozzolanic by-products from other industries. Reports from investigations on the use of inert materials for cement substitution in UHPC seem scarce. An experimental program that included a total of 210 test specimens was executed. This program included evaluating several questions embedded to the problem on how to substitute cement while keeping all other variables constant. It is concluded that up to 40% of the cement can be substituted with an inert material, without significantly changing the flexural tensile strength or compressive strength of the hardened UHPC. Two preconditions were caretaken: the particle packing was maintained by securing that the substitution material had a Particle Size Distribution (PSD) near identical to the cement and that the water balance was maintained through preconditioning of the substitution material. Suggestions are made for improving benchmarking.
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Beraldo, Antônio L., J. Payá, and J. M. Monzó. "Evaluation of Compatibility between Sugarcane Straw Particles and Portland Cement." Key Engineering Materials 600 (March 2014): 250–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.600.250.
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Brazilian agro industries generate several types of crop residues and most of them show interesting properties for cement composite production. Among these residues, actually sugarcane straw particles (SCSP) are available in a great amount as a by-product of the sugarcane industries. However, residual sugar and other chemical products remain in the materials structure. In the most of the cases, these compounds inhibit cement setting. The aim of this research work was to evaluate, by means the hydration curve methodology, the performance of several treatments applied to the SCSP. Results indicated that mineralization was the most effective treatment and allows appropriate cement setting for the composite. SCSP treated by soaking in sodium silicate solution at 4%, followed by a second soaking in aluminum sulfate at 10%, showed an appropriate cement setting. Keywords: cement composite, hydration curve, chemical treatment, mineralization, agricultural waste
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Praseeda, D., K. Joshita, M. Karthik, A. Mahesh Babu, and Y. Gurunath. "Mechanical and durability performance of self-compacting geopolymer concrete- A review." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2779, no. 1 (2024): 012066. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2779/1/012066.
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Abstract Cement production is among the reasons for the emission of CO2 due to the decomposition of the limestone and combustion of coal. Cement plants account for about 8 % of the CO2 emissions into the atmosphere worldwide. There is a great need to look for opportunities to replace cement. Geopolymer concrete is one such special concrete wherein the cement is not utilized. By-products of the industries for example GGBS, Silica fume, and fly ash were used as precursors along with the alkaline activators, NaOH and Na2SiO3, to build up the binding nature like that of conventional concrete. Geopolymer self-compacting concrete is also a type of high-performance concrete where external compaction is not needed. Overheads costs such as cost towards machinery, fuel, and labour can be avoided. This work summarises the key points of the self-compacting geopolymer concrete developed by the researchers incorporating by-products of the industries along with the mechanical and durability performance. This paper examines the impact of parameters critically such as binding materials, molarity, and curing regimes on the mechanical and durability performance of self-compacting geopolymer concrete. It can be inferred from the literature survey conducted that the substitution of SCGC for traditional concrete avoids the disposal problem of waste utilization and serves to be environmentally friendly without compromising on durability and mechanical performance.
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Pal, Shrabanti. "Influence of Capital structure on Firm Performance: Empirical Evidence from Indian Manufacturing Industry." International Journal of Business Management and Finance Research 5, no. 2 (2022): 100–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.53935/26415313.v5i2.244.
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The study is an attempt to examine empirically the impact of capital structure on firm performance using a data sample of 56 Indian manufacturing firms listed on Bombay Stock Exchange, National Stock Exchange or both during 2010-2022. The study uses three financial performance measures namely return on assets, return on capital employed and earnings per share as dependent variables. The eight capital structure measures such as long-term debt, short-term debt, interest coverage ratio, current ratio, growth, tangibility, non debt tax shield and size are used as independent variables. The data are divided into three sectors including steel, cement and automobile. The correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis are used in the study to estimate the impact of capital structure on firm performance. The empirical result shows that firm performance has a negative relationship with short and long term debt in most of the studied sectors. In the automotive sector, long-term debt is positively related to return on capital employed. Liquidity is negatively related to firm performance in the cement and automotive industries. Non-debt tax shield is positively related to firm performance as measured by return on capital employed and earnings per share in the cement and automotive industries, respectively, while interest coverage ratio is positively correlated with firm performance in the cement industry.
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Andrade, Carmen, Ana Martínez-Serrano, Miguel Ángel Sanjuán, and José Antonio Tenorio Ríos. "Reduced Carbonation, Sulfate and Chloride Ingress Due to the Substitution of Cement by 10% Non-Precalcined Bentonite." Materials 14, no. 5 (2021): 1300. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14051300.
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The Portland cement industry is presently deemed to account for around 7.4% of the carbon dioxide emitted annually worldwide. Clinker production is being reduced worldwide in response to the need to drastically lower greenhouse gas emissions. The trend began in the nineteen seventies with the advent of mineral additions to replace clinker. Blast furnace slag and fly ash, industrial by-products that were being stockpiled in waste heaps at the time, have not commonly been included in cements. Supply of these additions is no longer guaranteed, however, due to restrained activity in the source industries for the same reasons as in clinker production. The search is consequently on for other additions that may lower pollutant gas emissions without altering cement performance. In this study, bentonite, a very common clay, was used as such an addition directly, with no need for precalcination, a still novel approach that has been scantly explored to date for reinforced structural concrete with structural applications. The results of the mechanical strength and chemical resistance (to sulfates, carbonation and chlorides) tests conducted are promising. The carbonation findings proved to be of particular interest, for that is the area where cement with mineral additions tends to be least effective. In the bentonite-bearing material analysed here, however, carbonation resistance was found to be as low as or lower than that observed in plain Portland cement.
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Sivaprasad, CH, and R. Venkata Krishnaiah. "Performance Evaluation of Ternary Blended Concrete Mixes which contains Silica Fume and Bagasse Ash." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1280, no. 1 (2023): 012031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1280/1/012031.
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Abstract Cement industries are producing high amounts of carbon dioxide, this problem leads to supplementary cementitious materials utilization. Utilization of agricultural and industrial waste in concrete reduces pollution and disposal problems. This work presents the performance evaluation of the ternary blended concrete mixes in which Silica fume and Sugarcane bagasse ash are used as mineral admixtures. A total of six mixes is used including the Reference mix, which is denoted by M0, M11, M12, M13, M14, and M15 whereas M0 represents the reference mix. M11, M12, M13, M14, and M15 are prepared by partially replacing the cement with SCBA by 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25% respectively. All the mixes were tested against mechanical and workability properties along with durability Properties and the results are clear that the mix with 15% SCBA and 5% Silica Fume significantly got better results.
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Verma, Manvendra, Nirendra Dev, Ibadur Rahman, Mayank Nigam, Mohd Ahmed, and Javed Mallick. "Geopolymer Concrete: A Material for Sustainable Development in Indian Construction Industries." Crystals 12, no. 4 (2022): 514. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst12040514.
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Geopolymer concrete (GPC) is a new material in the construction industry, with different chemical compositions and reactions involved in a binding material. The pozzolanic materials (industrial waste like fly ash, ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS), and rice husk ash), which contain high silica and alumina, work as binding materials in the mix. Geopolymer concrete is economical, low energy consumption, thermally stable, easily workable, eco-friendly, cementless, and durable. GPC reduces carbon footprints by using industrial solid waste like slag, fly ash, and rice husk ash. Around one tonne of carbon dioxide emissions produced one tonne of cement that directly polluted the environment and increased the world’s temperature by increasing greenhouse gas production. For sustainable construction, GPC reduces the use of cement and finds the alternative of cement for the material’s binding property. So, the geopolymer concrete is an alternative to Portland cement concrete and it is a potential material having large commercial value and for sustainable development in Indian construction industries. The comprehensive survey of the literature shows that geopolymer concrete is a perfect alternative to Portland cement concrete because it has better physical, mechanical, and durable properties. Geopolymer concrete is highly resistant to acid, sulphate, and salt attack. Geopolymer concrete plays a vital role in the construction industry through its use in bridge construction, high-rise buildings, highways, tunnels, dams, and hydraulic structures, because of its high performance. It can be concluded from the review that sustainable development is achieved by employing geopolymers in Indian construction industries, because it results in lower CO2 emissions, optimum utilization of natural resources, utilization of waste materials, is more cost-effective in long life infrastructure construction, and, socially, in financial benefits and employment generation.
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Ribeiro, Olívia Carolina de Resende, and Pedro José Steiner Neto. "Green dynamic capabilities and the green innovation performance in the brazilian cement industry." Journal on Innovation and Sustainability RISUS 15, no. 3 (2024): 04–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.23925/2179-3565.2024v15i3p04-19.
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The purpose of this paper is to analyze the connection between green dynamic capabilities and its influence on the green innovation performance (GIP) in the Brazilian cement industries. To this study, it was used 303 survey questionaries sent to the Brazilian cement industries’ managers, it was obtained 90 valid answers back. The research includes the green dynamic capability constructors and dimensions, and green innovation performance. The results unveiled that, among the relations studied, the companies prominently direct their efforts towards two green dynamic capability dimensions which are linked with the green innovation performance, they are: integration of internal and external resources. Regarding the resource construction and reconstruction, although it has been noticed effort, these have been in a lesser extent. The research revealed possibilities to improve this sector’s studies in the country, and to the management practice targeting sustainability requirements.
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Mahnashi, Ibrahim, Bashir Salah, and Adham E. Ragab. "Industry 4.0 Framework Based on Organizational Diagnostics and Plan–Do–Check–Act Cycle for the Saudi Arabian Cement Sector." Sustainability 15, no. 14 (2023): 11261. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su151411261.
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Industry 4.0 (I4.0) is an extension to the three stages of industry that reshapes it into a combination of physical and digital worlds. The I4.0 paradigm shift coupled with emerging technologies, such as artificial intelligence (AI), robotics, the internet of things (IoT), autonomous vehicles, and digital twins (DTs), have brought and will continue to bring profound changes that impact entire systems across all industries. Despite I4.0’s many advantages, it also brings a host of problems and disruptions. These problems and disruptions must be identified to maximize its potential. Saudi Arabia is undergoing significant transformation as it has initiated several plans to develop the industrial sector and enhance its contribution to the national economy. Despite Saudi Arabia’s 2030 vision, the industrial sector has still not fully grasped the breadth and depth of the new revolution due to its novelty. This is particularly true in the cement industry, one of the most vital industries in the region. Due to its many unique systemic complexities, the cement industry has faced numerous challenges due to the lack of a comprehensive framework for mitigating disruptions and leveraging I4.0 benefits. Accordingly, the paper conducts an exploratory study on I4.0 for Saudi Arabian cement companies. Therefore, this paper provides an overview of I4.0 for Saudi Arabia’s cement companies. The paper analyzes key findings and proposes a plan–do–check–act (PDCA) framework for I4.0 implementation based on a system thinking approach to guide cement companies to strategically embrace the new phenomenon and maximize their key performance indicators.
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Ruthik, B., and D. Praseeda. "Mechanical and durability performance of bentonite clay blended cement composites - A Review." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2779, no. 1 (2024): 012081. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2779/1/012081.
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Abstract Cement plays a crucial role as a binder in concrete production. With the evolving population, there is tremendous development happening all over the world in terms of infrastructure which is mostly of concrete. With this development, there is also a greater dependency on the cement. As known cement production contributes to the emission of greenhouse gases which cause harm to the environment. To overcome this problem to some extent, supplementary cementitious materials play a greater role. Materials that are mostly used as partial replacements for cement are the by-products of various industries such as fly ash, GGBS, spent pot lining, etc. There is also another material called Bentonite clay which can be used as a supplementary cementitious material as a partial replacement to cement. However, the study is limited owing to its properties such as its swelling nature etc. So, this paper reviews the feasibility of the utilization of bentonite clay as one of the materials as a partial replacement for cement in the production of concrete. This paper mainly reviews the mechanical properties and durability performance of bentonite-modified cement composites. It has been observed from the studies carried out that there is an enhancement in the mechanical properties and durability performance with the utilization of Calcined bentonite clay as a partial replacement for cement. The optimum dosage of the utilization of the bentonite clay was found to be in the range between 20-30 % by weight of the cement content.
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Sangeeta. D. Agrawal, Dr. S. B. Pawar, Dr. Pravin A. Shirule, and Dr. Mujahid Husain. "Performance of Sustainable Concrete with Industrial Waste Product – A Review." international journal of engineering technology and management sciences 9, no. 2 (2025): 226–32. https://doi.org/10.46647/ijetms.2025.v09i02.030.
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In modern infrastructures all over the world, concrete is most consumed construction material andplays important role in shaping civilization, its consumption is next to that of water. It is used forvarious types of structures due to its structural stability and strength.The materials used in concreteare obtained from natural resources. Continuous use of these materials on a large scale leads to theirdepletion causing strain on the environment. Huge amount of waste products yield from themanufacturing industries are gaining attention as a substitute for cement and natural aggregates inconcrete. Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag a fine mineral residue, a waste product from steeland iron industry can be utilized in concrete by partially replacing cement which leads to reducedcement content. Pond ash as material is siliceous or aluminous with less pozzolanic properties thanfly ash, waste product of thermal power plants, is one such suitable material, that can be adopted asfine aggregate in concrete, replacing natural sand partially or fully. Encouraging the usage of suchwaste materials as a constituents in concrete to address the issues related to its disposal,environmental and ecological problems, is a social responsibility of researchers, thus contributing to3Rs – Reduce, Reuse and Recycle, there by promoting sustainable construction. Thus, partialreplacement of cement with ground granulated blast furnace slag and natural aggregate with pondash is a sustainable approach. This paper reviews the effects of utilization industrial wastes ondifferent concrete properties.
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KLYMENKO, Mykola, and Mykhailo HUBCHUK. "Research on the design of the working parts of vertical roller mills for grinding granulated slag." Transfer of innovative technologies 7, no. 2 (2025): 83–89. https://doi.org/10.32347/tit.2024.7.2.03.10.
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Abstract. This research focuses on optimizing the design, parameters, and operational modes of vertical roller mills (VRMs) for grinding granulated slag, which are crucial in industries such as cement, mining, and energy. VRMs are widely recognized for their energy efficiency and ability to grind various materials with minimal energy consumption. However, the challenge lies in designing mills that can operate efficiently under harsh conditions of intense friction, impact loads, and abrasive particles, especially when processing hard materials like granulated slag. To address these challenges, advanced materials and protective coatings are being utilized to improve wear resistance. Additionally, the research explores the use of polymer-metal composites in the construction of mill components, which significantly reduce wear rates and extend the lifespan of the mill, ultimately leading to cost savings and reduced maintenance needs. Furthermore, the study examines the integration of intelligent control systems that optimize operational parameters in real-time, thus enhancing grinding efficiency and minimizing energy consumption. The findings also emphasize the importance of reducing vibrations and improving the stability of equipment to ensure reliable performance. The research identifies the key parameters that affect VRM performance, such as roller pressure, material moisture content, and rotational speed, and proposes methods for optimizing these factors to achieve maximum efficienc. The development of VRMs is especially important in post-war Ukraine, where cement production has significantly declined due to infrastructure damage. Vertical roller mills are considered the only viable technological solution for new high-capacity cement plants, capable of enhancing cement quality and reducing CO₂ emissions. This research aims to further develop VRM technology, ensuring its ability to meet the demands of the cement, metallurgy, and coal industries by improving energy efficiency, wear resistance, and grinding quality, making it a vital tool for sustainable industrial production
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Gopi, K. T. "Financial Performance of Cement Industry in India Using Extended Dupont Approach." Asian Journal of Managerial Science 7, no. 2 (2018): 16–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.51983/ajms-2018.7.2.1329.
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The present study attempts to evaluate the financial performance of cement industry in India by choosing three leading cement companies like ACC, Gujarat Ambuja and UltraTech cement for the period 2006-2015 by using the extended DuPont approach. The extended DuPont approach has emphasized on analysis of Return on Equity (ROE) which disaggregates performance into five components: pre-interest/pretax margin, asset turnover, interest burden, tax efficiency and the equity multiplier. In the present study, we employed a two-step methodology: first, used extended DuPont approach to calculate return on equity of three companies and coefficient of correlation has been used to determine the relationship between the five components and return on equity. The results shows that return on equity of all three leading cement companies have declined drastically during 2006-2015. In the tough phase of cement industry all three leading companies have exhibited more or less similar financial performance during the study period. The contribution of five factors towards ROE is more or less similar among companies. The extended DuPont approach that we made for three leading cement companies in India emphasized on calculation of ROE is not relevant at all situations for taking rational economic decisions. In order to increase the rate of taking better economic decisions the results of extended DuPont approach can be compared across companies within an industry, between industries, or within a firm itself.
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Malik, Ahmad Dahlan, and Wahyu Agung Handono. "Comparative Analysis of Financial Performance of SOE Cement Companies in the Post-Entry of Massive Foreign Capital Companies of Cement Industry in Indonesia." TIJAB (The International Journal of Applied Business) 2, no. 1 (2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/tijab.v2.i1.2018.1-19.
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In order to achieve the Master Plan for the Acceleration and Expansion of the Indonesian Economic Development (MP3EI) program which has a significant impact on cement demand outside java, it is necessary to improve the performance of cement companies, especially state-owned cement companies consisting of PT Semen Indonesia Tbk (Persero) and PT Semen Batu Raja (Persero). In addition, competition in the globalization era in fulfilling domestic cement is a challenge for state-owned cement companies with Cement Foreign Investment (PMA) industries in Indonesia which are listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. To increase attractiveness and strengthen performance, state-owned cement companies need to display an analysis of attractive financial performance along with the selection of independent variables in the discrimination function as a variable that explains precisely the performance of the company based on the Discriminant Stepwise Method. This is in accordance with the purpose of this study by analysing Du Pont System Analysis, Analysis of financial ratios in the form of liquidity ratios, solvability, profitability, activity, along with reference to the Decree of the Minister of Finance of the Republic of Indonesia No. 826/KMK.013/1992, and strengthened by the Decree of the Minister of BUMN No: KEP-100/MBU/2002 in financial aspects for the performance of state-owned enterprises. This study also provides additional analysis in the form of Economic Value Added (EVA), Tobin’s q and Altman Z-Score as a complement to the comparison of the financial performance of state-owned cement companies and Cement PMA companies in the period 2013-2016.
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Krishna, Kant, and Sharma Aditya. "Factors Affecting the Performance of Dry Electrostatic Precipitator: A Review." International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology 7, no. 3 (2022): 1276–78. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6471772.
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Electrostatic Precipitator are the devices which removes the entrained particulate contaminants and unwanted fine particles from the exhaust gases. The use of ESP, in particular power generation plant will help to reduce the environmental problems in two ways- On one hand, reducing the heavy or large particles, dust, fume or mist in exhaust gas and on the other hand it helps in cement industries for manufacturing the portland cement and bricks. It mainly works on the principle of electrostatic attraction (like charges repel; unlike charges attract). The contribution of this work lies in the comparative study and assessment of different factors that affects the performance of dry Electrostatic Precipitator in a developing country India to reduce the pollution particles.
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Zhao, Jing Ming, Kyu Hong Hwang, Jong Kook Lee, and Min Cheal Kim. "Application of Magnesia-Phosphate Cement for Chromia/Alumina Castables." Applied Mechanics and Materials 268-270 (December 2012): 625–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.268-270.625.
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Refractory castables containing calcium aluminate cement (CAC) are widely used in a range of furnace lining applications in the iron and steel, cement, glass, ceramic, and petrochemical industries. However, magnesia-phosphate cement (MPC) based material could be a new types of cement material, with many advantages such as rapid hydration, high early strength and circumstance suitability, which has very important value and wide application. In this study, MPC was used at Chromia/Alumina castable as binder addition instead of conventional calcium aluminate cement. Meanwhile, it also explains the relationship between the micro-mechanism and performance by micro methods such as SEM. The results shows that MPC based castables have good corrosion resistance, interface adhesiveness and abrasion resistance.
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Rodriguez, Carlos, Fernando Fernandez, Roberto Rodriguez, et al. "Properties of Cement-Based Materials Incorporating Ground-Recycled Diatom." Crystals 14, no. 12 (2024): 1030. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst14121030.
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This research investigates the use of recycled diatomaceous earth (diatomite) from the wine, beer, and oil industries as supplementary cementitious materials in cement-based mixtures. This study aims to reduce embodied energy and promote circular economy practices by incorporating these industrial by-products. The research evaluates the compressive strength, durability, and pozzolanic activity of the mixtures over 7, 28, and 90 days of hydration. The results demonstrate that uncalcined diatoms from wine and oil showed lower compressive strength than natural diatomite, whereas calcination at 500 °C significantly improved performance. Beer diatoms exhibited the lowest mechanical strength because of the organic matter content in their composition. The incorporation of quicklime failed to induce pozzolanic activity in uncalcined diatoms; however, calcination at 500 °C led to improved long-term performance, highlighting the importance of heat treatment for activating diatoms’ pozzolanic properties. This study concludes that recycled diatoms, particularly when calcined, have potential as sustainable cementitious materials.
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Poudyal, Lochana, Kushal Adhikari, and Moon Won. "Mechanical and Durability Properties of Portland Limestone Cement (PLC) Incorporated with Nano Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3)." Materials 14, no. 4 (2021): 905. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14040905.
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Despite lower environmental impacts, the use of Portland Limestone Cement (PLC) concrete has been limited due to its reduced later age strength and compromised durability properties. This research evaluates the effects of nano calcium carbonate (CaCO3) on the performance of PLC concrete. The study follows a series of experiments on the fresh, hardened, and durability properties of PLC concrete with different replacement rates of nano CaCO3. Incorporation of 1% nano CaCO3 into PLC concrete provided the optimal performance, where the 56 days compressive strength was increased by approximately 7%, and the permeability was reduced by approximately 13% as compared to Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) concrete. Further, improvements were observed in other durability aspects such as Alkali-Silica Reaction (ASR) and scaling resistance. Additionally, nano CaCO3 has the potential to be produced within the cement plant while utilizing the CO2 emissions from the cement industries. The integration of nanotechnology in PLC concrete thus will help produce a more environment-friendly concrete with enhanced performance. More in-depth study on commercial production of nano CaCO3 thus has the potential to offer a new generation cement—sustainable, economical, and durable cement—leading towards green infrastructure and global environmental sustainability.
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Saiqa, Yousaf. "Impact of Financial Leverage on Firm's Performance - A Case of Cement Production Industries of Pakistan." International Journal of Management Sciences and Business Research 6, no. 1 (2017): 98–105. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3468742.
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This study is an attempt to set up a stochastic relationship between financial leverage and firm’s performance of cement industry operating in Pakistan. For this study 23cement producing firms working out of these 18 are consolidated in the review and six years yearly information from2010 to 2015 with respect to financial leverage influence on firm’s performance for said sector were contemplated. The specimen measure for eighteen firms for a long time comprises of 106 perceptions. A Conventional Slightest Square model is connected on the information to build up a causal relationship between the factors. The review finds that financial leverage influence has a factually huge opposite effect on firm’s performance at 99% certainty interim.
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Kavya, M. Sri, R. Satyanarayana, N. Vamshi Krishna, T. Jayanth, and G. Prem Kumar. "Experimental Investigation of Mechanical Properties of Geo–Polymer Concrete Using Flyash." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 12, no. 4 (2024): 2769–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2024.60513.
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Abstract: Geopolymer concrete (GPC) is a new material in the construction industry, with different chemical compositions and reactions involved in a binding material. The pozzolanic materials (industrial waste like fly ash, ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS), and rice husk ash), which contain high silica and alumina, work as binding materials in the mix. Geopolymer concrete is economical, low energy consumption, thermally stable, easily workable, ecofriendly, cementless, and durable. GPC reduces carbon footprints by using industrial solid waste like slag, fly ash, and rice husk ash. Around one tons of carbon dioxide emissions produced one tons of cement that directly polluted the environment and increased the world’s temperature by increasing greenhouse gas production. For sustainable construction, GPC reduces the use of cement and finds the alternative of cement for the material’s binding property. So, the geopolymer concrete is an alternative to Portland cement concrete and it is a potential material having large commercial value and for sustainable development in Indian construction industries. The comprehensive survey of the literature shows that geopolymer concrete is a perfect alternative to Portland cement concrete because it has better physical, mechanical, and durable properties. Geopolymer concrete is highly resistant to acid, sulphate, and salt attack. Geopolymer concrete plays a vital role in the construction industry through its use in bridge construction, high-rise buildings, highways, tunnels, dams, and hydraulic structures, because of its high performance. It can be concluded from the review that sustainable development is achieved by employing geopolymers in Indian construction industries, because it results in lower CO2 emissions, optimum utilization of natural resources, utilization of waste materials, is more cost-effective in long life infrastructure construction, and, socially, in financial benefits and employment generation.
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Carreño, Dimelsa Salazar, Rafael Guillermo García Cáceres, and Alejandra Santa. "High volume fly ash concrete activated with naoh, sodium sulfate and limestone." Inge CuC 18, no. 1 (2022): 243–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.17981/ingecuc.18.1.2022.17.
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High amounts of fly ash generated as a by-product of coal combustion in thermal power generation plants have been a concern for years due to their negative environmental impact; in Colombia, for example, this fly ash represents 6,000,000 tons per year. The use of this material in industrial processes is among the many solutions proposed, provided that it has pozzolanic properties useful in cement and concrete industries. The aim of this study is evaluating concrete resistance to compression at different ages, replacing cement by fly ash of 40%, using alkaline activation with NaOH, Sodium Sulfate, and limestone in different proportions. The results show that activation improves fly ash performance and it is possible to achieve better mechanical properties than with mixtures without activation.
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Mr., Mahesh, M.S. Shobha Dr., and Adanagouda Dr. "An Investigation on Compressive Strength of Hybrid Fiber Reinforced High Performance Tertiary Blend Concrete with W/B ratio, Hybrid Fiber, Combined Mineral Admixture." Journal of Scholastic Engineering Science and Management 2,, no. 3 (2023): 46–59. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7704094.
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<strong>ABSTRACT </strong> <strong>High quantities of combined industries solid waste mineral additives and hybrid fiber can be utilised in concrete in order to considerably reduce the quantity of cement required, enhance performance, improve the durability of concrete, and reuse industries solid waste to decrease the environmental burden. This has significant research symbolic importance. In this study, different Water-Binder (W/B) ratio, the percentage of hybrid fiber (crimped steel fiber and polypropylene fiber), the percentage of combined mineral additive (fly ash, metakaolin, and silica fume), and Aggregate-binder (A/B) ratio, a total of 16 concrete mixtures were developed and used comprehensively to examine the mechanical characteristics like compressive strength of Hybrid Fiber Reinforced High Performance Tertiary Concrete (HFRHPTC) with a high amount of industrial solid waste in that three mineral admixture are combined and replaced to cement ranging from 0%, 15%,22.50% and 30%. Five distinct W/B ratios, ranging from 0.275 to 0.375, and 1.25% by volume fractions of hybrid Crimped steel fiber (CSF) and Polypropylene fiber (PPF) were used, in this Crimped steel fibers were ranging from 0.50% to 1%, while PPF was maintained constant at 0.25%. Results show a maximum increase of 29.49% and 30.24% in compressive strength for a curing period of 7, and 28 days, respectively. The results indicate that combined effect tertiary blend of Fly ash, Metakaolin, and Silica fume at 5% of each substitute of cement and the addition of hybrid fiber content of 1.0% CSF and 0.25% PPF for 0.275 water-binder ratio was the ideal mix blend.</strong>
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Kim, Seong Kyum, Su Tae Kang, Jin Kwang Kim, and Il Young Jang. "Effects of Particle Size and Cement Replacement of LCD Glass Powder in Concrete." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2017 (2017): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/3928047.
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The high quality liquid crystal display (LCD) processing waste glass (LPWG) generated from the manufacturing process of Korea’s LCD industries, having the world’s highest technological level and production, was finely ground into particles smaller than cement particles (higher fineness than OPC) to verify their applicability and performance as a replacement for cement. For a concrete mix having a W/B ratio of 0.44, cement was replaced with LPWG glass powder (LGP) at ratios of 5, 10, 15, and 20% (LGP12) and 5 and 10% (LGP5) according to the particle size to prepare test cylinder specimens, which were tested with respect to air contents, slump in fresh concrete, and compressive strength and splitting tensile strength of hardened concrete. The microstructure of the concrete specimens was analyzed through Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX), and a Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry (MIP). Replacement of cement with LGP for cement could effectively decrease the quantity of cement used due to the excellent performance of LGP. It may positively contribute to the sustainable development of the cement industry as well as waste recycling and environment conservation on a national scale.
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Jain, Kishan, Dinesh Sharma, Rakesh Choudhary, and Shruti Bhargava. "Impact of Waste Iron Slag on Mechanical and Durability Properties of Concrete." Jordan Journal of Civil Engineering 17, no. 1 (2023): 45–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.14525/jjce.v17i1.05.
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Waste management is of great concern in today’s world. Every year, an enormous amount of solid waste is generated from different industrial activities, especially the waste which is produced by iron industries in a particular form of slag. The major issue of emission of carbon dioxide (CO2) from cement industries is a serious problem for the earth's environment and the surrounding area. Thus, in this study, the waste iron slag obtained from nearby iron industries was used as a partial substitute for cement. The cement was replaced with iron slag (IS) at the substitution levels of 7.5%, 15%, 22.5%, 30% and 37.5% by weight of cement. The doses of superplasticizer for every mix were taken based on the essential workability requirements for the reinforcedconcrete work. Performance of control and blended mixes was evaluated by workability evaluation, compressive strength test, flexural strength test, water permeability test, water absorption evaluation, rapid chloride penetration test (RCPT) and carbonation test. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) technique were used to assess the micro-structural changes and to evaluate the chemistry of the blended mixes. The results obtained from this study were encouraging in terms of compressive and flexural strengths. The maximum compressive and flexural strengths were recorded at a 22.5% replacement level of slag. The results obtained at 30% replacement were also better compared to the control mix. The resistance of slag-made concrete mixes against adverse conditions; i.e., CO2 penetration, chloride penetration and water penetration was far better than that of conventional ones. The results obtained from TGA indicated that the productivity of calcium silicate gel of slag concrete is better than that of control concrete. KEYWORDS: Concrete, Slag, Carbonization, RCPT, XRD, TGA, SEM.
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Mochida, Kazuki, Nobukatu Nito, Satoshi Fujiwara, Prang Subpa-Asa, and Shigeyuki Date. "A Study on the Salt Preventive Properties of Blast Furnace Slag with Different Blaine Values and Curing Condition." Materials Science Forum 1053 (February 17, 2022): 338–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-1312is.
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Since sustainable development is becoming incredibly influential, the concrete and cement industries are reducing negative environmental impacts. Previous studies have reported salt damage effects on reinforced concrete structures on various methods to prevent salt damage. The solution is to substitute the raw materials required in cement with industrial by-products from manufacturing steel products, including blast furnace slag (BFS). Since it strengthens the concrete structure, the chloride ion penetration must also be considered. Using BFS with various Blaine values investigated the effect of BFS on blocking resistance and chloride ion penetration. This study focused on delaying the permeation of chloride ions and conducted a study using blast furnace slag. The cement replacing with blast furnace slag improves the salt preventive performance and detoxifies chloride ions. This study examined fluctuations in the blast furnace slag Blaine value affect the salt preventive property by steam curing condition. The result confirmed that the compressive strength increases as the blast furnace slag with a higher Blaine value are used also confirmed that the study improved the salt preventive performance by increasing the addition rate of the blast furnace slag fine powder.
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Bastos, David, Mahboobeh Attaei, Cinthia Maia Pederneiras, Rosario Veiga, and António Santos Silva. "On the influence of mix design and pre-conditioning on the CO2- uptake of cementitious materials." MATEC Web of Conferences 409 (2025): 15003. https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202540915003.
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The cement and concrete sectors are known for their significant contribution to CO2 emissions. Carbonation curing of concrete precast elements in a CO₂-rich atmosphere is a sustainable approach to reducing the carbon footprint of these industries while simultaneously enhancing the mechanical properties of cement-based materials. This study systematically investigates the influence of mix design and pre- conditioning on CO2 uptake efficiency and the mechanical performance of mortars. The findings highlight that both factors play a crucial role in optimizing carbonation efficiency. Notably, the study demonstrates that maximizing CO2 sequestration of 3 wt.% of the mortar can be achieved through controlled pre-curing while mechanical properties are preserved or even improved. This study confirms that carbonation curing can be seamlessly integrated into the precast concrete manufacturing process without requiring additional processing steps. This breakthrough paves the way for practical implementation in industrial settings, offering the dual benefit of carbon reduction and material performance enhancement.
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Shah, Suehail Aijaz, and Arooba Rafiq Bhat. "Eggshell Waste to Wonder: A Novel Approach to Sustainable Cementitious Materials." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 12, no. 12 (2024): 1519–27. https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2024.66053.
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Abstract: Eggshells, a widely available byproduct of food consumption, are generated in vast quantities globally, with significant waste accumulation in domestic and industrial settings. Despite their high calcium carbonate content, eggshells are often discarded, leading to environmental concerns such as landfill congestion and methane emissions. This study explores the potential of repurposing powdered eggshells as a partial replacement for cement in concrete production, addressing both waste management challenges and the sustainability of cement manufacturing. In this experimental investigation, cement was replaced by eggshell powder in varying proportions of 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, and 10%. Concrete mixes were prepared, and the resulting properties, including mechanical strength and durability, were evaluated. The results showed that the mix with 10% eggshell powder replacement exhibited the best performance, demonstrating optimal mechanical strength and durability. This study underscores the feasibility of utilizing eggshells as a sustainable alternative material in concrete, contributing to circular economy practices. By reducing reliance on mined limestone and decreasing carbon emissions associated with traditional cement production, the use of eggshells offers an eco-friendly solution to both waste management and industrial sustainability. The findings support the growing recognition of eggshells as a recyclable resource in various industries, including construction, and highlight their potential to reduce waste accumulation while promoting sustainable development.
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Jo, Byung-Wan, Sumit Chakraborty, Ki Heon Kim, and Yun Sung Lee. "Effectiveness of the Top-Down Nanotechnology in the Production of Ultrafine Cement (~220 nm)." Journal of Nanomaterials 2014 (2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/131627.
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The present investigation is dealing with the communition of the cement particle to the ultrafine level (~220 nm) utilizing the bead milling process, which is considered as a top-down nanotechnology. During the grinding of the cement particle, the effect of various parameters such as grinding time (1–6 h) and grinding agent (methanol and ethanol) on the production of the ultrafine cement has also been investigated. Performance of newly produced ultrafine cement is elucidated by the chemical composition, particle size distribution, and SEM and XRD analyses. Based on the particle size distribution of the newly produced ultrafine cement, it was assessed that the size of the cement particle decreases efficiently with increase in grinding time. Additionally, it is optimized that the bead milling process is able to produce 90% of the cement particle<350 nm and 50% of the cement particle<220 nm, respectively, after 6.3 h milling without affecting the chemical phases. Production of the ultrafine cement utilizing this method will promote the construction industries towards the development of smart and sustainable construction materials.
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Saurabh, Janbandhu*, Dr. A.K.Mahalle Prof., and Ravi Kotangale Mechanical Er. "REVIEW ON DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF HYDRAULIC SYSTEM TO IMPROVE PERFORMANCE OF SMALL POWER PACKS." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCES & RESEARCH TECHNOLOGY 5, no. 3 (2016): 488–90. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.47616.
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Hydraulic systems are widely employed in most of industries like for rollers, cement industries equipments etc used for high force movements to obtain motion in the process. And in the large scale industries all the facilities are provided for maintaining the efficiency of the hydraulic system, since they have investments and experienced personals. While on the other hand small scale industries don’t have all the facilities and even they run their hydraulic systems for prolonged hours without caring about maintenance procedures so it results in the breakdown and early failure such that quality of oil will not be maintained and the desired effect of motion will not be obtained effectively. So to maintain the effectiveness of the system for quality operation a case of one of the industries is taken where a hydraulic system is working in pellet plant such that the readymade manufactured extension equipment don’t fits because of a random case therefore we looking forward to design an extension system for the available data recorded and the identified problem.
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Gautam, Tara Prasad, and Anjay Kumar Mishra. "Impact of Working Capital Policy on Profitability : A Study of Nepal's Manufacturing Sector." Solukhumbu Multiple Campus Research Journal 6, no. 1 (2024): 92–106. https://doi.org/10.3126/smcrj.v6i1.74528.
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Effective working capital management (WCM) is crucial for assessing an organization's performance. An optimal WCM approach is expected to enhance profitability and contribute to overall company value. This study also examines the influence of working capital policy alongside control variables such as business growth, firm size, and debt on profitability. This research aims to investigate the relationship between working capital policies and business profitability within three public cement industries in Nepal: Hetauda Cement Limited, Shivam Cement Limited, and Udayapur Cement Limited. The profitability of the selected firms is measured using market and accounting metrics, specifically Net Operating Profitability (NOP), Return on Equity (ROE), and Return on Assets (ROA). The study employs the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression method to evaluate the research hypothesis. Data is collected from the Nepal Stock Exchange for the period between 2011 and 2020.The results indicate that working capital policies have a significant negative impact on the profitability of the firms studied. The findings underscore the importance of effective working capital management in enhancing profitability within Nepal's cement industry, suggesting that firms must optimize their working capital policies to improve financial performance.
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Farrant, William Earl, Adewumi John Babafemi, John Temitope Kolawole, and Biranchi Panda. "Influence of Sugarcane Bagasse Ash and Silica Fume on the Mechanical and Durability Properties of Concrete." Materials 15, no. 9 (2022): 3018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15093018.
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Cement production is environmentally unsustainable due to the high anthropogenic carbon emissions produced. Supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs), derived from the by-products of different industries, have been deemed an effective way to reduce carbon emissions. The reduction in carbon emissions is achieved by lowering the clinker factor of cement, through a partial replacement with an SCM. Sugarcane Bagasse Ash (SCBA) is produced as an agricultural waste from the sugarcane industry and has gained a lot of attention for being a feasible and readily available pozzolanic material, underutilised as an SCM. This study evaluates alkali-activated sugarcane bagasse ash’s mechanical and durability performance, at varied contents, in binary blended cement concrete and ternary blended cement concrete containing silica fume (SF). Potassium Hydroxide (KOH), used as the alkali activator, is intended to enhance the reactivity of the ash, with the possibility of a high-volume SCBA content. The mechanical performance was investigated by compressive and split tensile strength tests, and durability performance was investigated using the Oxygen Permeability Index (OPI) test. In addition, a micro-CT porosity test was conducted to assess how the microstructure and porosity of the concrete affect the mechanical and durability performance. The results indicated that using SCBA in a ternary blend with SF can significantly improve the overall performance and create less porous concrete. At 30% SCBA and 10% SF replacement, the performance tests revealed the highest mechanical strength and the lowest permeability, outperforming the control concrete and the binary blended cement concrete containing only SCBA.
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Manish Swami and Asha Sharma. "Green Disclosure Practices and Corporate Performance: A Predictive Indicator Model." COMMERCE RESEARCH REVIEW 2, no. 1 (2025): 1–14. https://doi.org/10.21844/crr.v2i01.1127.
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Global warming and climate change have been the most challenging environmental problems the world is facing. This problem will affect the future of this planet which can be seen from different stances. Green disclosure refers to companies reporting their environmental impact, sustainability efforts, and eco-friendly initiatives. It aims to provide transparency about a company's commitment to environmental stewardship and its role in sustainable development. The study's three main goals are first, to examine the various theoretical frameworks that support green disclosure, giving readers a thorough understanding of the concepts, theories, and principles involved; second, to analyse and assess the green disclosure practices of a few chosen companies in the cement and automotive industries, showing how these sectors manage and report their environmental impact; and last, to develop a model that explains the significance of various green disclosure indicators, which will aid in evaluating and forecasting the environmental performance of companies. One-way ANOVA, correlation method, and neural network have been used to predict key indicators for the success or sound financial performance of the company. The result shows notable differences in the environmental disclosures made by the 26 companies chosen from the cement and automotive industries. The results imply that businesses with strong green disclosure policies vary from one another. Prediction of normalized importance material (GRI-1) found at the top priority with 80.4%, Biodiversity at 39.1%, and energy at 34.3% at second and third priority respectively
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Chen, Shun-Hsing, and Yu-Chung Huang. "effects of ESG management on process innovation: The case of cement industry." Annals of Management and Organization Research 6, no. 2 (2024): 167–79. https://doi.org/10.35912/amor.v6i2.2031.
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Purpose: In the past, companies placed significant emphasis on Earnings Per Share (EPS) financial performance, while Environment Social Governance (ESG) is now used to assess a company's comprehensive performance in the areas of environment, social responsibility, and corporate governance. Research Methodology: This study employs qualitative research through in-depth interviews and utilizes the SWOT analysis method. This study aims to conduct an in-depth investigation into Taiwan Asia Cement's future carbon management strategy, anticipating and positioning itself to turn the crisis into an opportunity, ultimately becoming a major winner in the era of climate change and a low-carbon economy. Results: The primary objectives are to understand the innovative process of promoting low-carbon cement manufacturing by Taiwan Asia Cement and to investigate consumers' willingness to use this cement. The study reveals that Asia Cement has established a low-carbon cement promotion team, actively collaborating with consumers to increase the adoption of low-carbon cement, resulting in a stable market growth rate. Limitations: The marketing strategies in this study are more useful for the cement industry only and are not applicable to competitive marketing strategies in other industries. Contribution: Additionally, interviews uncover that consumers using low-carbon cement are mainly located in eastern Taiwan. Many consumers in this region have not heard of or used low-carbon cement, indicating significant marketing opportunities. Novelty: In an environment where the world is emphasizing ESG, it is important to enhance the corporate image of the cement industry through process innovation to contribute to environmental issues.
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An, Jing, Richard S. Middleton, and Yingnan Li. "Environmental Performance Analysis of Cement Production with CO2 Capture and Storage Technology in a Life-Cycle Perspective." Sustainability 11, no. 9 (2019): 2626. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11092626.
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Cement manufacturing is one of the most energy and CO2 intensive industries. With the growth of cement production, CO2 emissions are increasing rapidly too. Carbon capture and storage is the most feasible new technology option to reduce CO2 emissions in the cement industry. More research on environmental impacts is required to provide the theoretical basis for the implementation of carbon capture and storage in cement production. In this paper, GaBi software and scenario analysis were employed to quantitatively analyze and compare the environmental impacts of cement production with and without carbon capture and storage technology, from the perspective of a life-cycle assessment; aiming to promote sustainable development of the cement industry. Results of two carbon capture and storage scenarios show decreases in the impacts of global warming potential and some environmental impacts. However, other scenarios show a significant increase in other environmental impacts. In particular, post-combustion carbon capture technology can bring a more pronounced increase in toxicity potential. Therefore, effective measures must be taken into account to reduce the impact of toxicity when carbon capture and storage is employed in cement production. CO2 transport and storage account for only a small proportion of environmental impacts. For post-combustion carbon capture, most of the environmental impacts come from the unit of combined heat and power and carbon capture, with the background production of MonoEthanolAmine contributing significantly. In combined heat and power plants, natural gas is more advantageous than a 10% coal-saving, and thermal efficiency is a key parameter affecting the environmental impacts. Future research should focus on exploring cleaner and effective absorbents or seeking the alternative fuel in combined heat and power plants for post-combustion carbon capture. If the power industry is the first to deploy carbon capture and storage, oxy-combustion carbon capture is an excellent choice for the cement industry.
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Seth, Dinesh, R. L. Shrivastava, and Sanjeev Shrivastava. "An empirical investigation of critical success factors and performance measures for green manufacturing in cement industry." Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management 27, no. 8 (2016): 1076–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jmtm-04-2016-0049.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to aim for the development and analysis of green manufacturing (GM)-based framework on the identified critical success factors (CSFs) and performance measures (PMs) in the context of the Indian cement industry. Design/methodology/approach The research follows survey method for data collection. For framework development, it uses factor analysis on the identified CSFs and regression along with the appropriate measures for checking statistical consistency and validity. Findings This is the first research towards GM framework for the Indian cement industry. Till date, no framework is available which could guide researchers and practitioners of this environment unfriendly industry. Study exposes lack of connectivity between CSFs and PMs for a GM framework and highlights weaknesses of cement industry in this regard. It offers a generalised GM framework linking PMs with top management, human resource management, organisational culture, green practices, process management and supply chain management. Practical implications The framework is expected to help both researchers and practitioners from cement, construction and other industries who are serious towards GM implementation and are looking for appropriate mechanism. This framework if implemented properly will result in enhanced productivity. Originality/value This work is one of the few and pioneering efforts to investigate GM linking CSFs and PMs in Indian manufacturing sectors and the first in cement industry. Not many studies are available in the context of cement industry, which is the lifeblood of infrastructure and construction sectors. The importance of the work increases as it is conducted in the Indian context, which is undeniably an important economy of the world.
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Ullah, Engr Shafi, Muhammad Rehan Shahid, Shadab Tariq, and Ammad Ahmad Khan. "Influence of Waste Marble Powder and Waste Granite Powder on the Mechanical and Durability Performance of Concrete." Neutron 21, no. 1 (2021): 46–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.29138/neutron.v21i1.134.
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Industries produces large amount of marble and granite waste powder. These wastes are of two types, one of them is wet form which is impure form because it mixes with soil. And the other one is in powder form which is the pure form of marble waste and granite waste. These wastes are dumped in to the open land which cause serious environmental issues such as land problem, water problem and other deterioration. We can use these wastes to overcome environmental issues. Moreover, we can use these wastes in concrete to reduce construction economy. Waste marble powder, when we use in concrete, gives us good result in mechanical and durability characteristic of concrete. We used marble powder and granite powder with limited replacement of cement at 0%, 5%, 10% to check the performance of concrete in its mechanical and durability characteristics. This thesis describes a detailed experimental study on concrete’s tensile strength and compressive strength and concrete water absorption. Better outcomes were obtained at 5-10% replacement of cement with these wastes. Concrete’s durability and mechanical characteristics were improved by increasing waste granite with limited replacing of cement up to 10%. Determined Results show that a little content of marble dust and waste granite powder with limited replacement of cement will lower construction economy, reduce the cement quantity and gives better results in compressive strength
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Федоренко, Mikhail Fedorenko, Бестужева, Olga Bestuzheva, Бондаренко, and Yuliya Bondarenko. "DETERMINATION OF RATIONAL PARAMETERS OF ROTARY SURFACE TREATMENT ROTATION WHEN RESTORING LARGE PARTS." Bulletin of Belgorod State Technological University named after. V. G. Shukhov 1, no. 12 (2016): 121–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/22647.
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In various industries for production of cement, lime, gypsum, ceramic products for grinding solid materials using ball tube mills. In the process of operation under load of the mill, the wear of the main bearings of the drum tube mills – axles, with the result that on the surface appear different defects. The quality and performance of cement plants are directly dependent on the accuracy of its reconstruction, repair and content validity, determining largely technical and economic effect from the use of modern technical devices. Mill work in the area of large dynamic loads, leading to loss of efficiency and as a result long downtime to repair. With a view to their reduction, currently, to restore industrial equipment used in portable machines. Optimization of processing of surfaces of rotation when restoring large parts will allow you to obtain a rational combination of the varied parameters.
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Wang, Hairuo, Yexin Liu, Junxue Zhang, et al. "Sustainability Investigation in the Building Cement Production System Based on the LCA-Emergy Method." Sustainability 14, no. 24 (2022): 16380. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142416380.
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As one of the highest energy and resource consumption industries in China, discussion on the sustainability of the cement production system has great significance. This study conducted sustainable calculations and analyses for cement production systems based on the emergy method. This study also considers the sustainability impact of clean energy on the overall cement production system. Through a series of sustainable indicator measurements, the results prove that: (1) the two primary sections, non-renewable resource and non-renewable energy, contribute 88.6% and 11.1% of the emergy proportion, respectively; (2) the emergy sustainability indicator (ESI) was only 0.058, which is significantly less than the standard; (3) through the analysis of eight hypotheses, a very small change between the absolute values was found, which demonstrates that the sensitivity changes are within acceptable limits for the cement production system; and (4) by integrating the biological power generation subsystem, sustainability has been optimized in the cement production system. Finally, two ameliorated strategies are discussed in this paper for the better sustainability performance of the cement production system in the future.
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Dincă, Cristian, and Nela Slavu. "Integrating Power-to-Methane with Carbon Capture (P2M-CC) for Sustainable Decarbonization in Cement Manufacturing." Energies 18, no. 4 (2025): 777. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18040777.
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The cement industry is one of the industries with the highest contribution to global CO2 emissions due to its energy-intensive processes and the use of fossil fuels. This study evaluates the integration of the P2M-CC (power-to-methane with carbon capture) concept in cement plants to reduce the carbon footprint of the cement produced. Three cement plant modernization scenarios, involving replacing natural gas with synthetic methane obtained by methanation of green hydrogen and CO2 captured from the industrial process, were analyzed. The results show that integrating the P2M-CC concept reduced the CO2 emission factor from 789 kg/ton cement (baseline scenario) to 85 kg/ton (in all analyzed scenarios). However, the initial investment costs increased significantly by 5.8 times in S2.2, 5.2 times in S2.3, and 13 times in S2.1, compared to the baseline scenario, by adding the necessary equipment for electrolysis, methanation, and CO2 capture. On the other hand, operating costs decreased the most in S2.2, by 42.2% compared to the baseline scenario, while in S2.1, they decreased by 10.9%, and in S2.3, they increased by 141%. The ideal scenario (S2.2) showed the best economic and environmental performance, with an LCOC of 71 €/ton of cement and an NPV of 2609 million €, due to excess electricity produced by the wind plants without additional investment costs. In contrast, the complete scenario (S2.1), characterized by significant investments in wind power plants and CO2 capture technology, showed an LCOC of 297 €/ton of cement, while the realistic scenario (S2.3), with high operational costs, had an LCOC of 333 €/ton cement. Using synthetic methane in all proposed scenarios reduced fossil fuel dependency and CO2 emissions.
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Suresh, A. Kumar, M. Muthukannan, R. Kanniga Devi, K. Kumar Arun, and Ganesh A. Chithambar. "Improving the Performance of Structural Members by Incorporating Incinerated Bio-Medical Waste Ash in Reinforced Geopolymer Concrete." Materials Science Forum 1048 (January 4, 2022): 321–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1048.321.
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This study aims to analyze the use of Incinerated Bio-Medical Waste Ash (IBWA) in reinforced concrete structural member with ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) as an alternate building ingredient instead of cement. Biomedical waste was produced from various medical resources such as hospitals, medical institutes and research centres. GGBS is the waste generated from the steel plant. The climate is now being affected by the release of CO2 (global warming) from the Portland cement industries. Therefore, greater attention must be paid to study efforts to use geopolymer concrete. Geopolymer is a novel inorganic eco-friendly binding agent derived from an alkaline solution that stimulates aluminosilicate source material (GGBS, Rice Husk Ash, Quartz Powder, metakaolin, fly ash and Silica Fume). In this research, laboratory tests for Reinforced Geopolymer Concrete (RGPC) beams (deflection, ductility factor, flexural strength and toughness index) and columns (load-carrying ability, stress-strain behaviour and load-deflection behaviour) were conducted for three types of proportions using [30% IBWA – 70% GGBS Geopolymer concrete, GGBS Geopolymer concrete and Reinforced Cement Concrete. The experimental findings revealed that the performance of reinforced 30% IBWA – 70% GGBS geo-polymer beams and columns worked more effectively than reinforced cement concrete beams and columns.
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Khalil, Esraa, and Mohamed AbouZeid. "Framework for Cement Plants Assessment Through Cement Production Improvement Measures for Reduction of CO2 Emissions Towards Net Zero Emissions." Construction Materials 5, no. 2 (2025): 20. https://doi.org/10.3390/constrmater5020020.
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Recent global strategies highlight the urgency of addressing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, particularly CO2 from energy-intensive industries such as cement production. Studies show that the cement industry contributes around 8% of the global CO2 emissions, emphasizing the need for innovative and structural mitigation strategies. While advancements in carbon capture technologies, LC3 cement, alternative raw materials, and renewable energy integration are critical for achieving the net zero emissions (NZEs) goal, the challenge lies in having a structured and comprehensive approach for systematically categorizing, prioritizing, and assessing various CO2 improvement measures within cement plants. To address this gap, this study introduces a structured assessment model designed to evaluate and rate proposed CO2 improvement measures based on their alignment with the global NZE targets and plant-specific milestones, providing an overall cement plant performance score. The assessment tool developed in this study provides a quantitative scoring system for assessing the implementation level and impact of various CO2 improvement measures within cement plants. The framework integrates the cleaner production concept and the 5Cs approach to the decarbonization of the cement industry, offering a systematic yet flexible method for cement industry decarbonization. To validate the assessment tool, two cement plants with different production scales and located at different geographical locations were analyzed. Plant A achieved an overall performance score of 3.315, while plant B scored 3.68. The assessment identified a potential CO2 reduction of 20–30% through targeted improvements, highlighting that even well-established cement plants have opportunities for emissions reduction and efficiency enhancement. This study advances existing assessment methodologies by providing an adaptable, data-driven, systematic, and scalable tool that enhances decision-making, strategic modifications, and resource allocation for achieving NZE targets. Additionally, this assessment tool bridges the gap between global targets and plant-level implementation, ensuring effective transition towards sustainability in the cement industry.