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Journal articles on the topic 'Cement Manufacturing Process'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Nakamura, G., T. Aizawa, and K. Nakase. "Optimization of Cement Manufacturing Process." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 20, no. 8 (August 1987): 103–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-6670(17)59078-3.

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2

Rezvan, Pouyan, Amir Hossein Azadnia, Mohd Yusof Noordin, and Seyed Navid Seyedi. "Sustainability Assessment Methodology for Concrete Manufacturing Process: A Fuzzy Inference System Approach." Advanced Materials Research 845 (December 2013): 814–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.845.814.

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Sustainability assessment of concrete manufacturing processes has recently received great attention among scholars and practitioners. While most of the studies on sustainability assessment of concrete manufacturing processes focus on economic and environmental issues, those which consider all three dimensions of sustainability (social, economic, and environmental) simultaneously are rather limited. In this study, a hybrid approach of fuzzy inference system and analytical hierarchy process (AHP) is proposed in order to evaluate the sustainability level of concrete manufacturing processes based on Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) principals. AHP is applied to weight the selected sustainability elements and sub elements. Afterward, fuzzy inference system is used to evaluate the sustainability level of concrete manufacturing processes. The practicality and applicability of the proposed approach are examined by conducting sustainability assessments of four different concrete manufacturing processes: (1) 100% of Portland cement (2) 35 % slag cement and 65% Portland cement (3) 50% slag cement and 50% Portland cement (4) 20% fly ash and 80% Portland cement. The results disclose the more sustainable concrete manufacturing process which is 50 % of Slag cement and 50% Portland cement.
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3

Chopperla, Siva Teja, Rajeswari Jupalli, Deepak Kanraj, A. Bahurudeen, M. K. Haneefa, and M. Santhanam. "Development of an Efficient Procedure for Sustainable Low Carbon Cement Manufacturing Process." Applied Mechanics and Materials 787 (August 2015): 142–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.787.142.

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The consumption of Portland cement for the production of concrete is rapidly increasing because of the remarkable growth in the construction worldwide. Cement production is an energy intensive process. The energy consumption by the cement industry is estimated to be about 5% of the total global industrial energy consumption. Manufacturing process of cement consumes enormous quantities of raw materials from limited natural resources at a high rate and leads to their depletion. Due to the dominant use of carbon intensive fuels such as coal, the cement industry is a major emitter of carbon dioxide and other air pollutants. The cement industry contributes about 6 % of global carbon dioxide emissions which is the primary source of global warming. In addition to carbon dioxide emissions, significant amount of nitrogen oxides, sulphur dioxide, carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons and volatile organic compounds are emitted during cement manufacturing and causes severe environmental issues. In this regard, effective control techniques for reduction in carbon dioxide emissions from modern cement industry and an efficient procedure to achieve sustainable cement manufacturing process are discussed in this paper.
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4

Fore, S., and C. Mbohwa. "Greening manufacturing practices in a continuous process industry." Journal of Engineering, Design and Technology 13, no. 1 (March 2, 2015): 94–122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jedt-04-2014-0019.

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Purpose – The paper aims to observe a continuous process industry, the cement manufacturing industry with the aim of identifying greening opportunities in its production operations. The study analyses areas pertaining to the cement industry that impact the environment with specific focus on the industry within a developing, lower income country. Design/methodology/approach – A cleaner production (CP) approach was used in a case study approach, focussing on issues such as gaseous emissions and particulate emissions. Both capital intensive and less intensive options are proposed. Source reduction and pollution prevention operations that were used in this study include chemical substitution, technology modification and on-site reuse/recovery/recycling opportunities. Findings – The paper provides insights about how change is brought about within a continuous process industry. It suggests that successful leaders act as “integrating forces” on two levels: integrating the elements of corporate identity structures and mediating between the corporate branding structures and the individual. Capital interventions included redesigning the clinker conveyor, as well as restructuring the dust transportation system. There is a need for the developing countries to track and identify modern interventions that are available within industry and adopt them. Research limitations/implications – The paper focusses on a single cement factory in a low income country, as the case study approach was used. As such, findings and options generated may not be generalized, as the processes from one industry to another tend to differ in different economies. Practical implications – The paper includes implications for the development of greening manufacturing practices in the cement industry. Originality/value – This paper fulfils an identified need to study how greening practices can be enabled and enhanced in a continuous manufacturing industry. The work informs greening practices at any level, with a focus of production experiences in the cement industry in a lower technology, developing economy that is less industrialized.
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Liu, Z., Z. Wang, M. Z. Yuan, and H. B. Yu. "Thermal efficiency modelling of the cement clinker manufacturing process." Journal of the Energy Institute 88, no. 1 (February 2015): 76–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joei.2014.04.004.

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6

Foteinopoulos, Panagis, Vivien Esnault, George Komineas, Alexios Papacharalampopoulos, and Panagiotis Stavropoulos. "Cement-based additive manufacturing: experimental investigation of process quality." International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 106, no. 11-12 (January 28, 2020): 4815–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00170-020-04978-8.

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7

Vatopoulos, Konstantinos, and Evangelos Tzimas. "Assessment of CO2 capture technologies in cement manufacturing process." Journal of Cleaner Production 32 (September 2012): 251–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2012.03.013.

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8

Merceline Anita, A., S. Kalaiarasi, and G. Padmavathy. "RELIABILITY ANALYSIS OF CEMENT MANUFACTURING PROCESS USING BOOLEAN FUNCTION TECHNIQUE." Advances in Mathematics: Scientific Journal 9, no. 8 (August 19, 2020): 5909–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.37418/amsj.9.8.58.

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9

Kim, Won-Hwai, Seung-Chul Lee, Sam-Sun Seung, and Jin-Nam Kim. "Explosion Characteristics of Bituminous Coal Dusts in Cement Manufacturing Process." Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society 9, no. 2 (April 30, 2008): 257–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5762/kais.2008.9.2.257.

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10

Gimenez-Carbo, Ester, Lourdes Soriano, Marta Roig-Flores, and Pedro Serna. "Characterization of Glass Powder from Glass Recycling Process Waste and Preliminary Testing." Materials 14, no. 11 (May 31, 2021): 2971. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14112971.

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This work studies the possibility of incorporating different proportions of glass powder from the waste glass (rejected material called fine cullet) produced during the glass recycling process into the manufacturing of mortar and concrete. For this purpose, the material is characterized by its chemical composition and pozzolanic activity, and the shape and size of its particles are studied. It is then incorporated as a substitute for cement into the manufacturing of mortar and concrete at 25% and 40% of cement weight, and its effect on setting times, consistency, and mechanical strength is analyzed. Its behavior as a slow pozzolan is verified, and the possibility of incorporating it into concrete is ratified by reducing its cement content and making it a more sustainable material.
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11

Isaksson, Raine. "Process based system models for detecting opportunities and threats – the case of World Cement Production." International Journal of Quality and Service Sciences 8, no. 3 (September 19, 2016): 246–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijqss-05-2016-0043.

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Purpose Visualising change needs could be complex. One way of sense-making is to use process-based system models. Global warming requires major changes in many fields and especially for cement manufacturing, which represents a growing portion of man-made carbon emissions. The industry has proposed measures for change, but it is difficult to assess how good these are and more sense-making is needed to clarify the situation. The purpose of this paper is to visualise opportunities and threats for global cement manufacturing in the context of global warming, using a process-based system model. Design/methodology/approach Available data for cement manufacturing and for carbon emissions are combined both historically and as predictions based on chosen key performance indicators. These indicators are related to a chosen process-based system model. Findings The results indicate that the global cement industry does not have a viable plan to reduce carbon emissions sufficiently to comply with the objectives of maintaining global warming below 2°C. The application of the process-based system model indicates that it has the ability to visualise important opportunities and threats at the level of global processes. Practical implications The challenges of the world cement industry with reducing carbon emissions are highlighted. This information could be useful as a driver for change. Originality/value The paper provides insights into process-based improvement work related to cement industry carbon emissions.
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12

Kääntee, U., R. Zevenhoven, R. Backman, and M. Hupa. "Cement manufacturing using alternative fuels and the advantages of process modelling." Fuel Processing Technology 85, no. 4 (March 2004): 293–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-3820(03)00203-0.

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13

Abdul-Wahab, Sabah A., Ghazi A. Al-Rawas, Sappurd Ali, and Hilal Al-Dhamri. "Assessment of greenhouse CO2 emissions associated with the cement manufacturing process." Environmental Forensics 17, no. 4 (October 2016): 338–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15275922.2016.1177752.

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14

González-González, David Salvador, Rolando Javier Praga-Alejo, Mario Cantu-Sifuentes, and Melvyn Alvarez-Vera. "Fuzzy modeling of refractory cement viscosity to improve thermocouples manufacturing process." Soft Computing 24, no. 22 (May 8, 2020): 17035–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00500-020-04995-5.

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15

Rajendran, Manikandan, K. Sriramhariharasudhan, Rajesh Shanmugavel, T. Rajpradeesh, and S. Bathrinath. "Hypothetical study on waste heat recovery and filtration system of cement manufacturing process in cement industry." Materials Today: Proceedings 46 (2021): 7777–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2021.02.286.

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16

Choi, Yun-Wang, Sung-Rok Oh, and Byung-Keol Choi. "A Study on the Manufacturing Properties of Crack Self-Healing Capsules Using Cement Powder for Addition to Cement Composites." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2017 (2017): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/5187543.

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We fabricated crack self-healing capsules using cement powder for mixing into cement composites and evaluated the properties of the capsule manufacturing process in this study. The manufacture of the self-healing capsules is divided into core production processing of granulating cement in powder form and a coating process for creating a wall on the surfaces of the granulated cement particles. The produced capsules contain unhardened cement and can be mixed directly with the cement composite materials because they are protected from moisture by the wall material. Therefore, the untreated cement is present in the form of a capsule within the cement composite, and hydration can be induced by moisture penetrating the crack surface in the event of cracking. In the process of granulating the cement, it is important to obtain a suitable consistency through the kneading agent and to maintain the moisture barrier performance of the wall material. We can utilize the results of this study as a basis for advanced self-healing capsule technology for cement composites.
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17

Zhang, Junxue, Ravi S. Srinivasan, and Changhai Peng. "A Systematic Approach to Calculate Unit Emergy Values of Cement Manufacturing in China Using Consumption Quota of Dry and Wet Raw Materials." Buildings 10, no. 7 (July 13, 2020): 128. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings10070128.

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The Chinese cement industry produced 2150 million metric tons of cement in 2014, accounting for 58.1% of the world’s total. This industry has a hugely destructive effect on the environment owing to its pollution. The environmental impact of cement manufacturing is a major concern for China. Although researchers have attempted to estimate impacts using life cycle assessment approaches, it lacks the ability to provide a holistic evaluation of the impacts on the environment. Emergy analysis, through ecological accounting, offers environmental decision making using elaborate book keeping. In spite of the high environmental impact of the cement industry, there has only been a handful of research work done to compute the unit emergy values (UEVs) of cement manufacturing in China. A thorough study of existing UEVs of cement manufacturing in China showed pitfalls that may lead to inaccurate estimations if used in emergy analysis. There is a strong need for a new, updated UEV for cement manufacturing in China, particularly reflecting both the dry and wet raw materials in the manufacturing process. This paper develops a methodology to calculate the nonrenewable resources used in cement manufacturing, particularly using mainstream cement production line. Our systematic approach-based UEV estimates of cement manufacturing in China using the quota method are 2.56 × 1012 sej/kg (wet material) and 2.46 × 1012 sej/kg (dry material). Emergy indicators such as environmental loading ratios which were calculated at 2390 (wet material) and 2300 (dry material); emergy yield ratios at 15.7 and 15.8; and emergy sustainability indices at 0.0066 and 0.0069 for dry and wet materials used in cement manufacturing, respectively; these show the immense impact on the environment in China.
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18

Gan, Yu Feng, Xian Ming Qin, and Hong Guo. "Research on the Calculation Method for Cement Manufacture Carbon Footprint." Applied Mechanics and Materials 368-370 (August 2013): 968–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.368-370.968.

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To form a carbon footprint calculation method for cement manufacture, a detail analysis is conducted on the essential factors of the manufacturing process of the cement industry in Fujian Province. From the analysis result, the calculation model and calculation process for cement manufacture carbon footprint is formed to provide a scientific basis for the carbon footprint calculation.
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19

Nalobile, Protus, Jackson Muthengia Wachira, Joseph Karanja Thiong’o, and Joseph Mwiti Marangu. "A Review on Pyroprocessing Techniques for Selected Wastes Used for Blended Cement Production Applications." Advances in Civil Engineering 2020 (August 17, 2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/5640218.

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Pyroprocessing is an important stage in cement manufacturing. In this process, materials are subjected to high temperatures so as to cause a chemical or physical change. Its control improves efficiency in energy utilization and hence enhances production for good quality assurance. Kilns used in cement manufacturing are complex in nature. They have longer time constants, and raw materials used have variable properties. They are therefore difficult to control. Additionally, the inclusion of various alternative fuels in burning makes the process more complex as the fuel characteristics remain inconsistent throughout the kiln operation. Fuel intensity standards for kilns using fuel oil are very high, ranging from 2.9 GJ to 7.5 GJ/ton of clinker produced. Grinding of clinker consumes power in the range of 2.5 kWh/ton of clinker produced. These and other pyroprocessing parameters make cement production costly. The pyroprocessing process in kilns and the grinding technologies therefore have to be optimized for best processing. This paper discusses the cement manufacturing and grinding processes. The traditional kiln technologies and the current and emerging technologies together with general fuel and energy requirements of cement manufacturing have been discussed. From the discussion, it has been established that the cement manufacturing and grinding technologies are capital-intensive investments. The kiln processes are advanced and use both electricity and natural fuels which are expensive and limited factors of production. The raw materials used in cement manufacturing are also limited and sometimes rare. The calcination of the raw materials requires external energy input which has contributed to the high cost of cement especially to low-income population in the developing countries. Self-calcining materials, in which the pozzolanic materials burn on their own, are potential pozzolanic materials with great potential to lower the cost of cement production. Such materials, as shown from the previous research study, are rice husks, broken bricks, spent bleaching earth, and lime sludge. There is a need, therefore, for research to look into ways of making cement using kiln processes that would use this property. This will be cost-effective if successful. It can be done at micro- and small-scale enterprise.
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20

Tang, Yue Qin. "Evaluation of Green Cement Manufacturing Seeking Joint Treatment for Urban Refuse." Key Engineering Materials 567 (July 2013): 143–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.567.143.

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Sanitary landfill, Burning, Compost are the main method to dispose gabage in China.If urben refuse is put into the cement kiln, processing it, producing cement, it will benefit all. This mature method has no influence on neither the cement production nor the quality of cement products,however the indexes of all emissions in the manufacturing meet the national standards. Statistics show the heat generated by every ton of waste is equal to that of 183kg standard coals; the cinders are mixed in cement during the treatment process, thus 107kilograms substitute raw materials can be generated by every ton of waste, and 6 to 7 percent are added. Moreever, it reduces carbon dioxide emission 8000 tons for every 10,000 tons waste. This paper concludes: the utilization of cement kiln to incinerate domestic waste has obvious advantages in environmental protection and total investment does not cost much. The municipal engineering construction has the priority to use the products from domestic treatment cement factories, and domestic waste incineration cement factories should be under self-management. Also supportive policies as well as the readjustment of waste treatment management and interest pattern can promote the development of treating urban domestic waste by cement production.
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21

Masmali, M. "Implementation of Lean Manufacturing in a Cement Industry." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 11, no. 3 (June 1, 2021): 7069–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.4087.

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The lean manufacturing concept is a systematic minimization of waste and non-value activities in production processes introduced by the Toyota production system. In this research, lean manufacturing is implemented in a cement production line. Value Stream Mapping (VSM) is applied to give a clear picture of the value chain in cement production processes and to highlight the non-value-added in the shop floor. To begin, the existing VSM is constructed based on the information and data gathered during visiting and observing the manufacturing process in the firm. As a result, the excess inventory between workstations was identified as a major waste generation, hence, the proposed VSM conducts further improvement and makes action plans to alleviate the unwanted activities. Then, the takt time to ensure smooth material flow and to avoid any occurring delay or bottleneck in the production line was figured out. The supermarket pull-based production control is suggested to be adopted in the future map. Two pull production strategies are selected in this case. The first is applying the Kanban system to control the level of inventory between workstations. The other is the CONWIP approach to control the amount of work in process to the entire production line. The outcome of the proposed models indicates a decrease of the none-value time from 23 days in the current state to about 4 and 2 days in Kanban and CONWIP systems respectively, so the CONWIP was suggested as most efficient. Some suggestions for further research are also mentioned.
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22

Lee, Bang Yeon, Yun Yong Kim, Jin Wook Bang, Woo Jung Chung, Dong Su Joung, and Hwan Woo Lee. "Comparison between Manufacturing Processes of Fiber-Reinforced Cement-Based Panels (FRCBPs)." Applied Mechanics and Materials 253-255 (December 2012): 503–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.253-255.503.

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The manufacturing process is a significant influencing factor on the mechanical properties of fiber-reinforced cement-based composites. This paper presents the investigation of the effects of the manufacturing processes on the properties of fiber-reinforced cement-based panels (FRCBPs). Two types of FRCBPs were manufactured using a casting process (FRCBP-C) and an extrusion process (FRCBP-E), and then their bending properties were evaluated using flexural tests. The test results demonstrated that the strength and stiffness of the FRCBP-C specimens were lower than that of the FRCBP-E specimens. However, the FRCBP-C specimens exhibited more ductile behavior than the FRCBP-E specimens.
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23

Tzevelekou, Theofani, Paraskevi Lampropoulou, Panagiota P. Giannakopoulou, Aikaterini Rogkala, Petros Koutsovitis, Nikolaos Koukouzas, and Petros Petrounias. "Valorization of Slags Produced by Smelting of Metallurgical Dusts and Lateritic Ore Fines in Manufacturing of Slag Cements." Applied Sciences 10, no. 13 (July 7, 2020): 4670. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10134670.

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A pyrometallurgical process was developed for the recycling of Ni bearing dusts and laterite ore fines by direct reduction smelting in DC (direct current) arc furnace. In the course of the performed industrial trials, besides the Ni-recovery in the liquid bath, slag composition was deliberately adjusted in order to produce a series of metallurgical slags with different chemical and mineralogical composition. The aim of this study was to investigate their suitability as clinker substitute in cement manufacturing. Examined parameters were slag FeOx content, basicity and applied cooling media (air, water cooling). A series of composite Portland and slag cements were manufactured in laboratory scale incorporating 20% and 40% of each slag, respectively; the rest being clinker of OPC (ordinary Portland cement) and 5% gypsum. The extended mineralogical analysis and microstructural properties of the produced slags were examined and correlated with the properties of the produced cements. The physical and mechanical characteristics of all examined cement products were found to meet the requirements of the regulation set for cements. The present research revealed that the most critical parameter in the compressive strength development of the slag cements is the mineralogical composition of the slag. Even in cases where rapid cooling to obtain glassy matrix is not feasible, adjustment of slag analysis to obtain mineralogical phases similar to those met in clinker of OPC, even at higher FeO contents (up to ~21wt.%), can result in production of slag with considerable latent hydraulic properties. These results indicate that there is potentially space for adjustments in conventional EAF (electric arc furnace) steel slags composition to allow for their wider use in cement manufacturing with significant environmental and economic benefits resulting from the reduction of energy requirements, CO2 emissions and natural raw materials consumption.
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24

Marroccoli, Milena, and Antonio Telesca. "The Influence of Chemical Activators on the Hydration Behavior and Technical Properties of Calcium Sulfoaluminate Cements Blended with Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slags." Buildings 11, no. 7 (June 24, 2021): 268. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings11070268.

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The manufacture of Ordinary Portland cement (OPC) generates around 8% of the global CO2 emissions related to human activities. The last 20 years have seen considerable efforts in the research and development of methods to lower the carbon footprint associated with cement production. Specific focus has been on limiting the use of OPC and employing alternative binders, such as calcium sulfoaluminate (CSA) cements, namely special hydraulic binders obtained from non-Portland clinkers. CSA cements could be considered a valuable OPC alternative thanks to their distinctive composition and technical performance and the reduced environmental impact of their manufacturing process. To additionally reduce CO2 emissions, CSA cements can also be blended with supplementary cementitious materials. This paper investigates the influence of two separately added chemical activators (NaOH or Na2CO3) on the technical properties and hydration behavior of four CSA blended cements obtained by adding to a plain CSA cement two different ground granulated blast furnace slags. Differential thermal-thermogravimetric, X-ray diffraction and mercury intrusion porosimetry analyses were done, along with shrinkage/expansion and compressive strength measurements.
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Wang, Han Li. "Research on Cement Manufacturing with Application of Simulation System in Thermotechnical Course Teaching." Applied Mechanics and Materials 540 (April 2014): 547–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.540.547.

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Simulation system of cement production process can provide background information on production process and hints to problem solving, urge students to analyze problems and handle fault by themselves, and discuss fault handling results with teachers. With its application in Teaching of Cement Thermal Technology Equipment, teachers can set fault simulation to train students’abilities of parsing problem and actual operation, which is an effective teaching method.
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Badea, Mariana Nicoleta, Neculai Mihailescu, Vasilica Daescu, Elena Holban, and Jenica Paceagiu. "ENERGY CONSERVATION AND CO2 EMISSIONS REDUCTION FOR CLINKER PORTLAND CEMENT MANUFACTURING PROCESS." Environmental Engineering and Management Journal 8, no. 4 (2009): 947–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.30638/eemj.2009.137.

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27

Goh, C. L., and S. L. Gan. "Change in cement manufacturing process, a cause for decline in chromate allergy?" Contact Dermatitis 34, no. 1 (January 1996): 51–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0536.1996.tb02112.x.

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28

Chen, Rong, Ping Wang, and Xian-Kui Wei. "Manufacturing Process of Cement Asphalt Mortar and Its Applications in Slab Track." Journal of Nanoelectronics and Optoelectronics 7, no. 2 (March 1, 2012): 155–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jno.2012.1253.

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29

Oni, A. O., D. A. Fadare, and L. A. Adeboye. "Thermoeconomic and environmental analyses of a dry process cement manufacturing in Nigeria." Energy 135 (September 2017): 128–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2017.06.114.

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30

Rahman, Azad, M. G. Rasul, M. M. K. Khan, and S. Sharma. "Recent development on the uses of alternative fuels in cement manufacturing process." Fuel 145 (April 2015): 84–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2014.12.029.

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31

Xu, Da Qi, and Tian Hai Hua. "Research on the Evaluation Index System of Technological Innovation Capability in Cement Industry." Applied Mechanics and Materials 268-270 (December 2012): 2075–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.268-270.2075.

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Combinating the process theory and system theory organically, this paper views enterprise’s technological innovation as a continuously improved system process. It builds a system model for the evaluation of technological innovation capability based on the view of process. Considering the features of cement industry, the technological innovation capabilities in cement industry are divided into innovation management capability, innovation input capability, research & development capability, manufacturing capability, marketing promotion capability and innovation output capability. And we propose a comprehensive and complete evaluation index system of cement industry’s technological innovation capability and provide a ruler for the evaluation of cement industry’s technological innovation capability
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32

Dunuweera, S. P., and R. M. G. Rajapakse. "Cement Types, Composition, Uses and Advantages of Nanocement, Environmental Impact on Cement Production, and Possible Solutions." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2018 (2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/4158682.

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We first discuss cement production and special nomenclature used by cement industrialists in expressing the composition of their cement products. We reveal different types of cement products, their compositions, properties, and typical uses. Wherever possible, we tend to give reasons as to why a particular cement type is more suitable for a given purpose than other types. Cement manufacturing processes are associated with emissions of large quantities of greenhouse gases and environmental pollutants. We give below quantitative and qualitative analyses of environmental impact of cement manufacturing. Controlling pollution is a mandatory legal and social requirement pertinent to any industry. As cement industry is one of the biggest CO2 emitters, it is appropriate to discuss different ways and means of CO2 capture, which will be done next. Finally, we give an account of production of nanocement and advantages associated with nanocement. Nanofillers such as nanotitania, nanosilica, and nanoalumina can be produced in large industrial scale via top-down approach of reducing size of naturally available bulk raw materials to those in the nanorange of 1 nm–100 nm. We mention the preparation of nanotitania and nanosilica from Sri Lankan mineral sands and quartz deposits, respectively, for the use as additives in cement products to improve performance and reduce the amount and cost of cement production and consequent environmental impacts. As of now, mineral sands and other treasures of minerals are exported without much value addition. Simple chemical modifications or physical treatments would add enormous value to these natural materials. Sri Lanka is gifted with highly pure quartz and graphite from which silica and graphite nanoparticles, respectively, can be prepared by simple size reduction processes. These can be used as additives in cements. Separation of constituents of mineral sands is already an ongoing process.
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Suwan, Teewara, Sakonwan Hanjitsuwan, Gediminas Kastiukas, and Pitiwat Wattanachai. "Pre-Dry Mixing Process of Low Carbon Alkaline-Activated Cement: Properties and Advantages in Practical Work of Construction." Materials Science Forum 934 (October 2018): 194–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.934.194.

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Climate change due to carbon dioxide (CO2) emission is a serious concern in modern society. Cement manufacturing industry world-wide currently contributes approximately 8 % of global CO2 emissions, and this is a serious obstacle for the sustainable development of the cement manufacturing industry. Alkaline-activated cement (AAC) has been proven to be one of alternative cementitious materials which has less disturbance to the environment and can be used as construction materials. However, typical alkaline-activated cement is generally manufactured by mixing raw material with alkaline solutions. It was found that the preparation process of solutions and transportation to construction sites could raise some difficulties in real use. To eliminate the use of the alkaline activator in liquid form and simplify the mixing processes, the development of Just-Adding-Water (JAW) technique was introduced in this research. The results revealed that the alkaline-activated cement manufactured using the pre-dry mix process achieved a 28-day compressive strength very similar to that of typical alkaline-solution mixture in non-oven curing condition. In the pre-dry mixing process, the amount of required water may be slightly higher than that of normal alkaline-solution mixture in order to compensate insufficient water in both mixes and moisture loss during exothermic reaction as well as maintain the workability.
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34

Negro, Carlos, Álvaro Alonso, Ángeles Blanco, and Julio Tijero. "Optimization of the Fiber Cement Composite Process." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 45, no. 1 (January 2006): 197–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie048907j.

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35

Ryou, J., S. P. Shah, and M. S. Konsta-Gdoutos. "Recycling of cement industry wastes by grinding process." Advances in Applied Ceramics 105, no. 6 (December 2006): 274–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/174367606x128766.

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36

Meyer, Vincent, Nick de Cristofaro, Jason Bryant, and Sada Sahu. "Solidia Cement an Example of Carbon Capture and Utilization." Key Engineering Materials 761 (January 2018): 197–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.761.197.

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Solidia Cement is a non-hydraulic binder that is produced in existing cement kilns using the same raw material as Portland cement (PC). The key difference is that the Solidia binder is produced using less limestone and at lower kiln burning temperatures. This translates into reduced CO2 emissions during cement manufacturing (30% reduction). The Solidia concrete solution consists in a mix between the binder, aggregates, sand, water that is reacted with CO2 to form a durable matrix. The curing process captures up to 300 kg of CO2 per ton of cement used. Together, the Solidia cement and concrete reduce the CO2 footprint by down to 70% when compared to conventional cement and concrete products.The advantages to precasters are multiple also:- Full strength in concrete parts achieved within 24 hours thus allowing just-in-time manufacturing and a significant reduction in inventory cost.- Concrete waste from forming process is almost eliminated and equipment cleanup time is significantly reduced because the concrete does not harden until it is exposed to CO2.- The final precast products present better aesthetics than PC-based concretes (no efflorescence, better pigmentation, and better color grading).The first industrial demonstrations (cement production and precast applications) were achieved and confirm the CO2 and energy savings announced.
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Kirilovica, Inta, and Viktorija Sučevana. "Processing of Dolomitic By-Products into Porous Restoration Binder." Key Engineering Materials 788 (November 2018): 23–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.788.23.

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The goal of this work concerns the synthesis of a binder for restoration purposes that is physically and chemically compatible with dolomitic Roman cement, a historical binder used for the construction of significant architectural heritage objects in the 19th and 20th centuries. Dolomitic marlstone, the traditional raw material of dolomitic Roman cement, is not being obtained anymore and it is also hard to achieve a constant chemical composition. To address these issues, the experimental synthesis of a low temperature hydraulic binder using locally sourced raw materials, namely dolomite flour and clay, was performed. The developed synthesis technology provides economic and ecological advantages compared to other similar materials, such as lime with pozzolan additive, lime and cement mixtures and magnesium oxychloride cements. The raw material, dolomite flour, is a by–product in the manufacturing process; furthermore, the low firing temperature (800 °C) reduces the power consumption required to obtain the binder.The aim of the work is determination of porosity-related physical characteristics of dolomitic binder that is synthesized by using manufacturing by-product – dolomite flour – as basic raw material to evaluate it’s suitability for restoration purposes.
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Kapusta, Mariana Nikolaevna, Vadim Kobzev, and Viktoria Nelubova. "Kinetics of Mechanical Activation during the Manufacturing Process of Nanostructured Binders." Applied Mechanics and Materials 670-671 (October 2014): 412–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.670-671.412.

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Presented article is of interest to specialists in the field of building materials. The provided information describes nanostructured binders (NB) that are promising in the production of building materials for various purposes. As a result of conducted researches the character of hardening kinetics of NB with different composition was identified, which is similar to the classic representative of binding system – Portland cement. The importance of keeping the technological and temporal parameters of NB receipt by comparing it with a quartz suspension was substantiated. Also a system for monitoring the grinding process allowing to control and manage the technology was provided.
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Bouabid, Ghizlane, Fouzia Byoud, Nisrine Benzbiria, Driss Nahya, and Mohammed Azzi. "Use of Non-Hazardous Solid Waste as Alternative Fuels in Cement Manufacturing Process." European Journal of Engineering Research and Science 5, no. 1 (January 14, 2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejers.2020.5.1.1657.

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The incineration of non-hazardous solid waste and its use as alternative fuel in cement manufacturing process was studied and simulated under the effect of air flow acceleration in a laboratory scale reactor. Firstly, analysis of the different waste materials (textile, wood and paper) was performed separately, showing that textile samples presented the highest levels of heavy metals (H.M). In the course of a test run using solid recovered fuel (SRF), the mass balance of heavy metals revealed that lead and chromium probably volatilized during firing while arsenic, cadmium and zinc were trapped in clinker. As to gaseous emissions, heavy metals concentration in the stack remained relatively low and below the standard limits. Secondly, the temperature and concentration of gases flue was monitored. It was shown that the combustion regime is characterized by low reaction temperatures and an oxygen-deficient environment. Air injection rate affected significantly the formation and degradation mechanisms of the emitted gases concentrations, particularly CO, CO2, NO, NOx, SO2. Textile waste exhibited the lowest concentration of emitted gases compared to the other types of waste.
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Fellaou, S., and T. Bounahmidi. "Analyzing thermodynamic improvement potential of a selected cement manufacturing process: Advanced exergy analysis." Energy 154 (July 2018): 190–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2018.04.121.

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Dharmawan, Yogantara Setya, Dini Idzni Izatri, and Nofita Idaroka Rohmah. "Procurement Process Analysis Using Process Mining in Cement Manufacturing Company (Case Study PT. Semen Indonesia Persero, Tbk)." IPTEK Journal of Proceedings Series, no. 5 (November 3, 2020): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.12962/j23546026.y2020i5.7929.

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42

Yagüe, Santiago, Víctor Rosales-Prieto, Alberto Sánchez-Lite, and Cristina González-Gaya. "Properties of Green Mortar Containing Granite Sawmill." Applied Sciences 11, no. 5 (February 28, 2021): 2136. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11052136.

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The cement industry is one of the world’s largest CO2 emitters. The need to minimize these emissions, and assimilate by substitution and different types of waste, are challenges faced in the European Union. The use of granite sawmill from the ornamental stone industry allows for the manufacturing of pozzolanic cements, in which 10% and 20% of ordinary Portland cement (OPC) has been replaced by waste. In the present paper, properties of cements and mortars have been tested (when fresh and once set), such as workability, setting, retraction, mechanical resistance to bending and compression, elastic modulus to compression, creep, retraction, and durability. In all cases and substitution proportions, the results have been as satisfactory as those achieved with OPC, even better, allowing a second life to the waste, and participating in the principles of the circular economy. Bot substitutions are very resistant and have great durability for the gelifraction processes from the new green cements. Using this waste—granite sawmill—its volume is minimized and transfer to a landfill is avoided.
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43

Eryanto, Titut, and Elita Amrina. "Determination of Optimal Clinker Factor in Cement Production by Chemical Grinding Aids Addition." Applied Mechanics and Materials 776 (July 2015): 223–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.776.223.

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The cement industry has remarked as an intensive consumer of energy. The amount of energy consumed in the cement manufacturing has a correlation to the increasing of CO2 emission. It is reported that the cement Industry has contributed to 5–7% of the total CO2 emission in the world. Thus, there is a need to make an innovation in order to overcome the environmental problem. One of effort can be made is by using chemical grinding aids (CGA) as an additive material in the cement production process. This study aimed to determine the optimal clinker factor of the cement production by the addition of chemical grinding aids (CGA). The experiments are conducted in PT Semen Padang consisting of four variable of the clinker factor without CGA and with CGA addition 300 ppm. The clinker factor varies from 78.3% to 72.9%. The results show that the optimal clinker factor is at 74.5% with the CGA addition 300 ppm. It can improve the cement fineness to 3848cm2/gr and decrease the sieving R45μ to 10%. In addition, the strength of the cement produced is higher than the standard. The findings show the chemical grinding aids (CGA) addition in the cement production process can reduce the clinker factor as well as reducing the CO2 emissions. It can aid the cement industry to achieve the higher performance in green manufacturing and so as to increase the competitiveness.
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44

Shrivastava, Sanjeev, and Shrivastava R.L. "A systematic literature review on green manufacturing concepts in cement industries." International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management 34, no. 1 (January 3, 2017): 68–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijqrm-02-2014-0028.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to survey the technical performance of the cement industry including those related to procedures; groundwork of raw materials, fuels and semi-finished products for processing; accessibility of machinery, plant and equipment for various operations; arrangement and process control management. Design/methodology/approach A broad range of survey and research was reviewed, and all revealed the methods to recognize the key influences for development of green technology. The study explores the present scenario of green manufacturing (GM) strategies of Indian cement companies and provides the industrial ecology, ways of reducing energy consumption, environmental impact data collection, design and control of manufacturing systems and integration of product and manufacturing system. It also reveals the problems in decision-making systems owing to the impact of the green product design. Here, in this paper, all information is obtained by the medium of internet, journals, articles, and magazines. Findings This paper describes a problem of global warming, gas, water and other wastages emissions at the time of cement manufacturing and put forward a path that enables decision makers to assess the perception of GM in their organization and in prioritizing GM efforts. Originality/value This perspective survey is to provide an integrative outlook of performance methods for GM practices in the Indian cement industries. It gives important information, which expectantly will help in cement industry to adopt GM practices. This paper fills the gap in the literature on identification, establishment, and validation of performance measures of GM for Indian cement industries.
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45

REHMAN, SAFI UR, and MOHAMMAD WAQAR ALI ASAD. "A MIXED-INTEGER LINEAR PROGRAMMING (MILP) MODEL FOR SHORT-RANGE PRODUCTION SCHEDULING OF CEMENT QUARRY OPERATIONS." Asia-Pacific Journal of Operational Research 27, no. 03 (June 2010): 315–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217595910002727.

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A limestone quarry is the major source for supplying raw materials for cement manufacturing operations. Depending upon the available reserves, a quarry is divided into thousands of mineable blocks. Hence, raw materials inventory is identified in terms of a block model projecting the quantity and quality of critical chemical constituents desired in the cement manufacturing process. An individual block never satisfies the process quality constraints; therefore, the blending of various quarry blocks with few additives purchased from the market becomes a prerequisite. As each block is represented as an integer (0-1) variable, the objective of an optimal quarry production scheduling model is sequential mining of these blocks such that the plant quantity and quality requirements are satisfied at the lowest possible cost. This paper presents a new mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) based blending optimization model accomplishing the defined objective as a short-range production planning tool. The benefits of the model are established through a case study of an existing cement manufacturing operation in the northern part of Pakistan, ensuring significant cost savings compared to schedules produced manually.
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46

Sivakumar, Tharun. "Design and Simulation of a Waste Heat Recovery System for a Cement Manufacturing Process." Journal of University of Shanghai for Science and Technology 23, no. 06 (June 17, 2021): 1092–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.51201/jusst/21/05398.

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As the ever-changing world continues to desperately look for alternative energy sources in the midst of an energy crisis, new technologies to recover power are revealing themselves and being implemented all across the globe. Most power plants are looking for more sustainable sources of energy over the long term. One such technology being adopted now by a lot of enterprises are Energy Recovery Systems. These systems work to retain and reuse energy that would otherwise be lost to the atmosphere after a certain process. They are sustainable and require comparatively lower capital. The objectives of this project revolve around the modelling of a Waste Heat Recovery System (WHRS) for a heat-intensive manufacturing process. The heat, which would otherwise be lost to the atmosphere, is trapped and converted by a heat recovery unit into reusable energy. The main principle on which such a system would operate is The Rankine Cycle, an idealized thermodynamic cycle. Successful implementation of such an energy recovery system would not just boost energy efficiency but also reduce operational costs. The modeling and simulation of the heat recovery system are done on an open-source chemical process flow software known as DWSIM. An analysis of this heat recovery model shows an increase of 19.66% in the energy efficiency of the manufacturing process. Heat recovery systems also have great benefits for the environment, as they reduce the emissions of greenhouse gases by such manufacturing plants and help reduce global warming.
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47

Berthiaume, R., and C. Bouchard. "EXERGY ANALYSIS OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF PAVING MATERIAL MANUFACTURE." Transactions of the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering 23, no. 1B (May 1999): 187–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/tcsme-1999-0013.

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Exergy analysis permits accurate measurement of the degradation of matter and energy using a single concept. A macroscopic exergy accounting method is proposed and applied to assess the environmental impact of road covering material manufacturing. Cement concrete and asphalt covers are examined. From the manufacturing process mass balances and exergy analyses conducted primarily by Szargut and his co-workers, the net exergy consumption for each type of paving material is calculated. This exergy consumption broadly reflects the minimum work required to reform the raw materials and restore the environment to its initial state. This minimum work may serve as a thermodynamic measure of the environmental impact of an entire manufacturing process, from the resource drawn from the environment to the finished product. In the two cases under study, the environmental impact depends on the type, thickness and manufacturing process of the paving material. An older technology, such as the manufacture of cement concrete using the wet process, appears disadvantageous, as is the production of asphalt cover which is manufactured during the fall. The proposed exergy indicator permits ranking of the materials according to their overall long-term impact on the environment.
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48

Ueno, O. K., S. Schwaab, D. Ganasini, M. Tomiyama, Marilena Valadares Folgueras, and Sivaldo L. Correia. "Characterisation of Geopolymer Cements Obtained from Different Sources of Metakaolin." Materials Science Forum 912 (January 2018): 196–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.912.196.

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In the present study metakaolin and clay brick waste (CBW) were used as a source of silica and alumina along with precursors aiming to obtain geopolymer cements, which were characterised via scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The CBW was obtained from rejected clay brick industrial manufacturing process. The precursors were activated by using of 5.0, 10.0 and 15.0 [mol.L-1] KOH solutions, which was added to K2SiO3 solution at 1:1 weight ratio. To obtain the geopolymer cements the weight ratio of precursor and activators were changed at levels of 0.6, 1.0 and 1.4. The samples were prepared and cured at room temperature for 7 days. The geopolymer cement obtained from metakaolin at 15 mol.L-1 level of KOH concentration and KOH/K2SiO3 ratio of 1:1.4 provided the best cement which can be estimated by the largest reduction and dissolution of crystalline phases in the activation reaction.
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Oh, Sea Cheon, Cheol Min Jin, John Hee Hong, Woo Teck Kwon, and Soo Ryong Kim. "The Behavior of Automobile Shredder Residue Chips in a Precalciner for Cement Manufacturing Process." Materials Science Forum 544-545 (May 2007): 885–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.544-545.885.

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This paper presents a numerical simulation of Automobile Shredder Residue (ASR) chips motion and combustion in a cement works precalciner. The work was done using the commercial computational fluid dynamic (CFD) code FLUENT. The aim of this work is to develop an understanding of the processes within the percalciner to aid in the prediction of ASR chip aerodynamic and combustion behaviors for its use as an alternative fuel. The effects of the mutual interactions between ASR chips were simulated by discrete phase modeling approach, while ASR combustion was simulated by the finite rate devolatilization models. A useful approach to simulate the characteristics of turbulent gas-particle flow, heat transfer and ASR combustion process in a precalciner has been demonstrated.
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Tsiliyannis, Christos Aristeides. "Alternative fuels in cement manufacturing: Modeling for process optimization under direct and compound operation." Fuel 99 (September 2012): 20–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2012.03.036.

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