Academic literature on the topic 'Cement thickness'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Cement thickness.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Journal articles on the topic "Cement thickness"
1
Zsuzsanna, Bardocz Veres, and Cerghizan Diana. "Clinical Evaluation of Cement Thickness Around Pre- Fabricated vs. Costume-Fabricated Posts." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 12, no. 27 (September 30, 2016): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2016.v12n27p39.
Full textAbstract:
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the variation of cement thickness in different regions of the root in case of prefabricated and custom-fabricated posts. Material and methods: Totally twelve extracted human incisors and premolars with single tooth canals were distributed among 3 experimental groups of 4 specimens each. They were treated endodontically and restored with prefabricated fibre posts or custom-fabricated metallic posts, cemented with different adhesive cements. Each sample was immersed in 1% methylene blue solution and after 10 days the teeths were sectioned into horizontal slices,resulting in three slices for each specimen. The distances between the canal wall and the post perimeter were measured on images of each slice with digital caliper. Results: The costume-fabricated post groups (group 2,3) obtained statistically significant lower cement thicknesses,in particular in the apical third. The prefabricated post group (group 1) showed the highest cement thickness. Cement thickness was less for the specimens prepared using direct impression technique.
2
Moris, Izabela Cristina Maurício, Juliana Elias de Oliveira, Adriana Cláudia Lapria Faria, Ricardo Faria Ribeiro, and Renata Cristina Silveira Rodrigues. "In Vitro Fit and Cementation Resistance of Provisional Crowns for Single Implant-Supported Restorations." Brazilian Dental Journal 26, no. 5 (October 2015): 468–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-6440201300289.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract: This study aimed to verify marginal fit and the effect of cement film thickness standardization on retention of provisional crowns made with prefabricated acrylic cylinders on abutments, using two temporary luting agents subjected or not to mechanical cycling. Provisional crowns were made from bis-acryl (Luxatemp Fluorescence) or methyl methacrylate (Duralay) resins on acrylic cylinders and marginal fit and cement film thickness were evaluated. For retention evaluation, crowns were cemented with two temporary luting agents: non-eugenol zinc oxide (Tempbond NE) or calcium hydroxide-based (Hydcal) cements and subjected to tensile strength in a universal testing machine. After cleaning, debonded crowns were cemented again, subjected to mechanical cycling and retention was reassessed. The results of marginal fit and cement film thickness were analyzed by Student's t-test while retention of cements before and after mechanical cycling was analyzed using a mixed linear model. Methyl methacrylate crowns presented greater marginal misfit (p=0.001) and occlusal cement film thickness (p=0.003) than the bis-acryl ones. No difference was observed at axial cement film thickness (p=0.606). Resins (p=0.281) did not affect crown retention, but luting agents (p=0.029) and mechanical cycling (p=0.027) showed significant effects. The only significant interaction was mechanical cycling*luting agents, which means that luting agents were differently affected by mechanical cycling (p=0.002). In conclusion, the results showed that bis-acryl resin associated to calcium-hydroxide luting agent provided the best retention and lower cement thickness.
3
Engqvist, Hakan, Lars Kraft, Håkan Spengler, and Leif Hermansson. "A Novel Biomineral Water Based Dental Cement." Key Engineering Materials 284-286 (April 2005): 145–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.284-286.145.
Full textAbstract:
The area of cements in dentistry is steadily growing with the introduction of new systems that need to be cemented to the tooth, e.g. new inlays and crowns. With the better properties of the implants there is a need for new cements with high bond strength, good esthetic and mechanical properties. The bioactive minerals have not been explored as dental cement. This paper investigates the strength, setting time and film thickness of a novel dental cement based on the biomineral Marokite (calcium aluminate) as bonding system. The reactive Marokite powder is mixed with glass filler (ratio of 1.9 by volume) and water (ratio of 0.4 by weight) to a paste, which hardens within 6 minutes and has a working time of 2 minutes. The compressive strength reaches 143 MPa after 24 hours and the flexural strength almost 40 MPa. When the film thickness is measured at the end of the working time it is about 50 µm. Compared to glass ionomer cement (Fuji Cem) and zinc phosphate cement (Harvad) the biomineral system has higher strength and comparable setting time and film thickness. The investigation shows that it is feasible to develop dental cements based on biominerals, in this case a Marokite based material. The cement complies with the given standards.
4
Silami, Francisca Daniele Jardilino, Rafaella Tonani, Carla Cecilia Alandia-Román, and Fernanda de Carvalho Panzeri Pires-de-Souza. "Influence of Different Types of Resin Luting Agents on Color Stability of Ceramic Laminate Veneers Subjected to Accelerated Artificial Aging." Brazilian Dental Journal 27, no. 1 (February 2016): 95–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-6440201600348.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of accelerated aging (AAA) on the color stability of resin cements for bonding ceramic laminate veneers of different thicknesses. The occlusal surfaces of 80 healthy human molars were flattened. Ceramic laminate veneers (IPS e-max Ceram) of two thicknesses (0.5 and 1.0 mm) were bonded with three types of luting agents: light-cured, conventional dual and self-adhesive dual cement. Teeth without restorations and cement samples (0.5 mm) were used as control. After initial color evaluations, the samples were subjected to AAA for 580 h. After this, new color readouts were made, and the color stability (ΔE) and luminosity (ΔL) data were analyzed. The greatest color changes (p<0.05) occurred when 0.5 mm veneers were fixed with light-cured cement and the lowest when 1.0 mm veneers were fixed with conventional dual cement. There was no influence of the restoration thickness when the self-adhesive dual cement was used. When veneers were compared with the control groups, it was verified that the cement samples presented the greatest alterations (p<0.05) in comparison with both substrates and restored teeth. Therefore, it was concluded that the thickness of the restoration influences color and luminosity changes for conventional dual and light-cured cements. The changes in self-adhesive cement do not depend on restoration thickness.
5
Runnacles, Patrício, Gisele Maria Correr, Flares Baratto Filho, Carla Castiglia Gonzaga, and Adilson Yoshio Furuse. "Degree of Conversion of a Resin Cement Light-Cured Through Ceramic Veneers of Different Thicknesses and Types." Brazilian Dental Journal 25, no. 1 (January 2014): 38–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-6440201302200.
Full textAbstract:
During the cementation of ceramic veneers the polymerization of resin cements may be jeopardized if the ceramics attenuate the irradiance of the light-curing device. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different types and thicknesses of ceramic veneers on the degree of conversion of a light-cured resin-based cement (RelyX Veneer). The cement was light-cured after interposing ceramic veneers [IPS InLine, IPS Empress Esthetic, IPS e.max LT (low translucency) and IPS e.max HT (high translucency) - Ivoclar Vivadent] of four thicknesses (0.5 mm, 1.0 mm, 1.5 mm and 2.0 mm). As control, the cement was light-cured without interposition of ceramics. The degree of conversion was evaluated by FTIR spectroscopy (n=5). Data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (α=0.05). Significant differences were observed among groups (p<0.001). The degree of conversion was similar to the control for all light-cured groups with interposition of ceramics of 0.5 mm and 1.0 mm (p>0.05). Among 1.5-mm-thick veneers, IPS e.max LT was the only one that showed different results from the control (p<0.05). At the thickness of 2.0 mm, only the IPS e.max LT and HT veneers were able to produce cements with degrees of conversion similar to the control (p>0.05). The degree of conversion of the evaluated light-cured resin cement depends on the thickness and type of ceramics employed when veneers thicker than 1.5 mm are cemented.
6
Sanjay, Devismita, Subrata Mondal, Richa Bhutani, and Rajesh Ghosh. "The effect of cement mantle thickness on strain energy density distribution and prediction of bone density changes around cemented acetabular component." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine 232, no. 9 (August 14, 2018): 912–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954411918793448.
Full textAbstract:
Cement mantle thickness is known to be one of the important parameters to reduce the failure of the cemented acetabular component. The thickness of the cement mantle is also often influenced by the positioning of the acetabular cup. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of uniform and non-uniform cement mantle thickness on strain energy density distribution and prediction of the possibility of bone remodelling around the acetabular region. Furthermore, tensile stress distribution in the cement mantle due to non-uniform cement mantle thickness was also investigated. Three-dimensional finite element models of intact and 17 implanted pelvic bone were developed based on computed tomography data sets. Results indicate that implantation with non-uniform cement thickness variation in the anterior–posterior direction has a significant influence on strain energy density distribution around the acetabulum as compared to thickness variation in the superior–inferior direction. Increase in density is predicted at the anterior part of the acetabulum, whereas density decrease is predicted at the posterior, inferior and superior part of the acetabulum. The non-uniform cement mantle thickness affected the tensile stress distribution in the cement mantle, in particularly superiorly placed acetabular cup. This study concludes that uniform cement thickness is desired for the longer success of the cemented acetabular component.
7
Cho, Seok-Hwan, Arnaldo Lopez, David W. Berzins, Soni Prasad, and Kwang Woo Ahn. "Effect of Different Thicknesses of Pressable Ceramic Veneers on Polymerization of Light-cured and Dual-cured Resin Cements." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 16, no. 5 (2015): 347–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1688.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT Aim This study evaluated the effects of ceramic veneer thicknesses on the polymerization of two different resin cements. Materials and methods A total of 80 ceramic veneer disks were fabricated by using a pressable ceramic material (e.max Press; Ivoclar Vivadent) from a Low Translucency (LT) ingot (A1 shade). These disks were divided into light-cured (LC; NX3 Nexus LC; Kerr) and dual-cured (DC; NX3 Nexus DC; Kerr) and each group was further divided into four subgroups, based on ceramic disk thickness (0.3, 0.6, 0.9, and 1.2 mm). The values of Vickers microhardness (MH) and degree of conversion (DOC) were obtained for each specimen after a 24-hour storage period. Association between ceramic thickness, resin cement type, and light intensity readings (mW/cm2) with respect to microhardness and degree of conversion was statistically evaluated by using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results For the DOC values, there was no significant difference observed among the LC resin cement subgroups, except in the 1.2 mm subgroup; only the DOC value (14.0 ± 7.4%) of 1.2 mm DC resin cement had significantly difference from that value (28.9 ± 7.5%) of 1.2 mm LC resin cement (p < 0.05). For the MH values between LC and DC resin cement groups, there was statistically significant difference (p < 0.05); overall, the MH values of LC resin cement groups demonstrated higher values than DC resin cement groups. On the other hands, among the DC resin cement subgroups, the MH values of 1.2 mm DC subgroup was significantly lower than the 0.3 mm and 0.6 mm subgroups (p < 0.05). However, among the LC subgroups, there was no statistically significant difference among them (p > 0.05). Conclusion The degree of conversion and hardness of the resin cement was unaffected with veneering thicknesses between 0.3 and 0.9 mm. However, the DC resin cement group resulted in a significantly lower DOC and MH values for the 1.2 mm subgroup. Clinical Significance While clinically adequate polymerization of LC resin cement can be achieved with a maximum 1.2 mm of porcelain veneer restoration, the increase of curing time or light intensity is clinically needed for DC resin cements at the thickness of more than 0.9 mm. How to cite this article Cho S-H, Lopez A, Berzins DW, Prasad S, Ahn KW. Effect of Different Thicknesses of Pressable Ceramic Veneers on Polymerization of Lightcured and Dual-cured Resin Cements. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(5):347-352.
8
Tribst, João Paulo Mendes, Alison Flavio Campos dos Santos, Giuliane da Cruz Santos, Larissa Sandy da Silva Leite, Julio Chávez Lozada, Laís Regiane Silva-Concílio, Kusai Baroudi, and Marina Amaral. "Effect of Cement Layer Thickness on the Immediate and Long-Term Bond Strength and Residual Stress between Lithium Disilicate Glass-Ceramic and Human Dentin." Materials 14, no. 18 (September 8, 2021): 5153. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14185153.
Full textAbstract:
This study tested whether three different cement layer thicknesses (60, 120 and 180 μm) would provide the same bonding capacity between adhesively luted lithium disilicate and human dentin. Ceramic blocks were cut to 20 blocks with a low-speed diamond saw under cooling water and were then cemented to human flat dentin with an adhesive protocol. The assembly was sectioned into 1 mm2 cross-section beams composed of ceramic/cement/dentin. Cement layer thickness was measured, and three groups were formed. Half of the samples were immediately tested to evaluate the short-term bond strength and the other half were submitted to an aging simulation. The microtensile test was performed in a universal testing machine, and the bond strength (MPa) was calculated. The fractured specimens were examined under stereomicroscopy. Applying the finite element method, the residual stress of polymerization shrinkage according to cement layer thickness was also calculated using first principal stress as analysis criteria. Kruskal–Wallis tests showed that the ‘‘cement layer thickness’’ factor significantly influenced the bond strength results for the aged samples (p = 0.028); however, no statistically significant difference was found between the immediately tested groups (p = 0.569). The higher the cement layer thickness, the higher the residual stress generated at the adhesive interface due to cement polymerization shrinkage. In conclusion, the cement layer thickness does not affect the immediate bond strength in lithium disilicate restorations; however, thinner cement layers are most stable in the short term, showing constant bond strength and lower residual stress.
9
Sokolowski, Grzegorz, Michal Krasowski, Agata Szczesio-Wlodarczyk, Bartlomiej Konieczny, Jerzy Sokolowski, and Kinga Bociong. "The Influence of Cement Layer Thickness on the Stress State of Metal Inlay Restorations—Photoelastic Analysis." Materials 14, no. 3 (January 28, 2021): 599. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14030599.
Full textAbstract:
The successful restoration of teeth requires a good connection between the inlay and natural tissue. A strong bond may improve retention and reinforce tooth structure. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of cement layer thickness on contraction stress generated during photopolymerization, and to determine the changes in stress state of the cement occurring during aging in water (over 84 days). Two cements were used: resin composite cement (NX3) and self-adhesive resin cement (Maxcem Elite Chroma). A cylindrical sample made of CuZn alloy was used to imitate the inlay. The stress state was measured by photoelastic analysis. The contraction stress of the inlay restoration was calculated for cement layer thicknesses of 25 µm, 100 µm, 200 µm, and 400 µm. For both tested materials, the lowest contraction stress was observed for the thinnest layer (25 µm), and this increased with thickness. Following water immersion, a significant reduction in contraction stress was observed due to hygroscopic expansion. Applying a thin layer (approximately 25 µm) of composite and self-adhesive resin cements resulted in high levels of expansion stresses (over −6 MPa) after water aging.
10
Aldryhim, Hanan, Omar El-Mowafy, Peter McDermott, and Anuradha Prakki. "Hardness of Resin Cements Polymerized through Glass-Ceramic Veneers." Dentistry Journal 9, no. 8 (August 9, 2021): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/dj9080092.
Full textAbstract:
(1) Background: The aim of this study is to evaluate the hardness of resin cements polymerized through ceramic disks under different process factors (ceramic type and thickness, light-polymerization units and polymerization time); (2) Method: Three types of ceramic blocks were used (IPS e.max CAD; Celtra Duo; VITABLOCS). Ceramic disks measuring 0.5 mm, 1.0 mm and 1.5 mm were cut from commercial blocks. Two resin cements (Rely X Veneer and Variolink Esthetic) were polymerized through the ceramic specimens using distinct light-polymerization units (Deep-cure; Blue-phase) and time intervals (10 and 20 s). Hardness of cement specimens was measured using microhardness tester with a Knoop indenter. Data were statistically analyzed using factorial ANOVA (α = 5%); (3) Results: Mean microhardness of Rely X Veneer cement was significantly higher than that of Variolink Esthetic. Deep-cure resulted in higher mean microhardness values compared to Blue-phase at 0.5- and 1-mm specimen thicknesses. Moreover, a direct correlation was found between polymerization time and hardness of resin cement; (4) Conclusions: Surface hardness was affected by resin cement type and ceramic thickness, and not affected by ceramic types, within evaluated conditions. Increasing light-polymerization time significantly increased the hardness of the cement.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Cement thickness"
1
Caruana, Jonathan. "Does cement mantle thickness really matter?" Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2008. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1444136/.
Full textAbstract:
The thickness of the cement mantle around the femoral component of total hip replacements is a contributing factor to aseptic loosening and revision. Nevertheless, various designs of stems and surgical tooling lead to cement mantles of differing thicknesses. This thesis is concerned with variability in cement thickness around the Stanmore Hip, due to surgical approach, broach size and stem orientation, and its effects on stress and cracking in the cement. The extent to which cement mantle thickness varies in clinical practice as a result of surgical approach was investigated, through retrospective radiographic analysis. The posterior approach was associated with a thicker and more uniform cement mantle. Stress distributions in the cement mantle around Stanmore hips and surrounding cortical bone were investigated using finite element analysis, under a simulated gait load. Thicker cement was found to produce lower maximum principal stress in the cement and to reduce the likelihood of bone resorption due to stress shielding. Bone density was found to strongly affect stress levels in the bone and cement, but not to alter this result. Stanmore Hips were implanted into synthetic femurs with different cement thicknesses and stem alignments. Crack measurement and analysis was conducted, following fatigue testing under a simulated stair-climbing load. Crack length was found to be independent of overall cement mantle thickness, suggesting that thinner mantles would fail sooner. However, crack length was highly sensitive to local cement thickness, with regions of 1 mm or less containing longer and more concentrated cracks. Stem alignment and cement mantle uniformity are thus more critical to cement damage than broach size. Finite element simulations incorporating creep and nonlinear damage accumulation were performed to investigate cracking in the cement mantles around Stanmore Hips with varied cement thickness, interfacial bonding and collar design. Simulations represented the simple stair-climbing joint contact load used in fatigue tests and a more realistic stair-climbing load incorporating muscle forces and physiological bone properties. In all cases, damage levels were much higher when the stem-cement interface was bonded. Cement mantle thickness was of limited importance to cement damage in debonded cases, in agreement with fatigue test results, but was critical in bonded and collarless cases. Damage around a smooth, debonded stem with a collar is thus much less sensitive to cement thickness than around rough/bonded or collarless stems.
2
Osman, Saad AbuBakr. "The role of adhesive resin luting agents in crown retention." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.311998.
Full text
3
Tabbert, Toni Raenette. "Verification of the whitetopping thickness design procedure for asphalt concrete overlaid Portland cement concrete pavements." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2006.
Find full text
4
Alghaith, Lamya Saud M. "The effect of ceramic translucency and thickness on the polymerization of light-cured adhesive resin cement." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2014. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/1286.
Full textAbstract:
Objective: To assess the effects of ceramic opacity and thickness on delivered radiant exposure and degree of conversion and microhardness of the light-cured resin cement.
Materials and Methods: IPS e-Max ceramic discs (Ivoclar Vivadent) were fabricated in 3 thicknesses (0.5, 1.0, and 1.5mm) and 4 opacities (HT, LT, MO, HO) (n=3/per group). Light-cured resin cement (Variolink Veneer Luting Cement - shade MVO, Ivoclar Vivadent) 50µm thick was cured through these ceramics disks using a quartz tungsten halogen curing light unit (Optilux 501, Kerr) with its radiant exposure measured by MARC from a fixed distance (1.5mm). Knoop microhardness was used to evaluate the bottom degree of cure and was correlated with the radiant exposure deliverd. Descriptive statistics were conducted. One- and two-way ANOVA with post-hoc Tukey's HSD test, Pearson correlation test, the simple linear regression analysis were used for the statistical analyses (alpha=0.05).
Results: Significant interaction was found between ceramic thickness and opacity on radiant exposure (p=0.0078). Subsequent analyses demonstrated that there was a significant simple effect for opacity and for thickness on radiant exposure under different conditions of thickness and opacity. A significant relationship was found between resin cement microhardness and radiant exposure (p=0.0001) below 4.5 J/cm2. Moreover, the Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.93 indicated a strong correlation between the two variables below 4.5 J/cm2 of radiant exposure delivered.
Conclusion: Ceramic opacity and thickness affect the polymerization of light-cured resin cements and need to be considered and compensated for when bonding indirect restorations. Based upon the findings of this preliminary study, the final study is ongoing.
5
Andersson, Ronja, and Hero Amiri. "Influence of Colour of Cement, Ceramic Thickness and Try-in pastes on the Colour of Ceramic Restorations. Mapping of the Literature." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för odontologi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-131224.
Full textAbstract:
Today it is possible to create veneers that are aesthetically and functionally satisfying, but there are some factors that may compromise the aesthetic results. The aim of this study was to investigate influence of cement shades and ceramic thickness on the colour of ceramic veneers, but also to study how well try-in pastes match with their corresponding cements. PubMed was used to search for papers using MeSH-terms and keywords. 144 titles and abstracts were read, 29 full texts were read and 24 papers were used in the analysis. All of the studies were in vitro. In 20 studies, it was found that the cement shade influences the colour of the ceramic veneer. Two studies reported that the cement shade had no influence on the colour of ceramic veneers, and two did not draw any conclusions regarding the influence of cement shade. Twelve studies compared different thicknesses of the veneers; all of them found that the thicknesses had an influence on the colour of the veneers. Two out of four studies found no compatibility between try-in pastes and their corresponding cements, while two studies found compatibility for some try-in pastes. The shades of cement and thicknesses of ceramic veneers can influence the colour of the ceramics. The colour of try-in pastes does not always show a similarity with their corresponding cement.
6
Parikh, Anand. "LONG-TERM CRANIAL RECONSTRUCTIONS IN FULL THICKNESS DEFECTS USING CARBONATED CALCIUM PHOSPHATE CEMENT WITH TITANIUM MESH SCAFFOLD IN A SHEEP MODEL: BIOMECHANICAL ANALYSIS." Akron, OH : University of Akron, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=akron1164993505.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.S.)--University of Akron, Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, 2006."December, 2006." Title from electronic thesis title page (viewed 06/27/2007) Co-Advisors, Glen O. Njus, Daniel B. Sheffer; Faculty Reader, Mary C. Verstraete; Department Chair, Daniel B. Sheffer; Dean of the College, George K. Haritos; Dean of the Graduate School, George R. Newkome. Includes bibliographical references.
7
Eid, Mohd Nabil. "Proposal of a Mix Design Method for Low Cement Fiber Reinforced Concrete." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/40586.
Full textAbstract:
Concrete, the second most used material in the world, presents great performance and economic benefits. Yet, it is often characterized by a brittle behaviour, low tensile strength, and toughness. Fibers are usually added to concrete to counteract its brittle behaviour, increasing ductility and toughness, controlling crack propagation and delaying concrete failure. However, their addition significantly worsens the fresh state performance of the material. To improve fresh state of the so-called Fiber Reinforced Concrete (FRC), conventional mix-design methods recommend the use of high paste content, which results in a significant increase of Portland cement (PC) content and raises the carbon footprint of the material. The latter is responsible for 8% of the global annual carbon dioxide (CO2) anthropogenic emissions. Given the current worldwide concerns on global warming, the construction industry is in a need to lessen the demand, and thus production of PC. Recent studies have been focusing on the use of advanced mix-design techniques (i.e. particle packing models- PPMs) along with Inert Fillers (IF) as an alternative to reduce PC content in concrete. However, the latter was not applied to conventional FRC. In this work, advanced mix design techniques (i.e. PPMs) are used to overcome the aforementioned issues and mix-proportion eco-efficient FRC with low cement content (< 300 kg/m3). Fresh (i.e. VeBe time, slump, rheological behaviour) and hardened (i.e. compressive strength, and flexural behaviour) state tests were performed on the proposed mixtures and compared with control high PC content (375 kg/m3) FRC mixes. Results show that PPM designed mixes presented higher minimum torque (yield stress) but quite comparable apparent viscositiy when compared to conventionally designed mixtures. Moreover, the flowability (i.e. VeBe time, and slump) tends to decrease as fiber content, length, and/or as the amount of fillers increase in the mixtures. In addition, PPM mixes exhibited a shear thinning behaviour following the Herschel-Bulkley model, which enables the design of FRC PPM mix-proportioned mixtures for applications requiring high torque regimes such as vibrated and/or pumped concrete. Finally, results show that the use of PPMs to mix proportion eco-efficient low cement FRC mixtures produced improved hardened (i.e. compressive strength, and flexural performance) state behaviour with lower environmental impact than conventional ACI designed FRC mixtures.
8
Tagliaferri, de Grazia Mayra. "Contribution to the Understanding of Fresh and Hardened State Properties of Low Cement Concrete." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/38109.
Full textAbstract:
Concrete, the major construction material used in the civil industry worldwide, displays remarkable performance and economic benefits. Yet, it also presents a huge environmental impact producing about 7% of the global carbon dioxide (CO2). Given the rise of global warming concerns, studies have been focusing on alternatives to reduce the amount of Portland cement (PC), which is the least sustainable ingredient of the mixture, for example by adopting particle packing model (PPM) techniques. Although a promising alternative, there is currently a lack of studies regarding the efficiently use of PPMs to reduce PC without compromising the fresh and hardened properties of the material. This work appraises the influence of PPMs and advanced mix-design techniques on the fresh (rheological behaviour) and hardened (compressive strength, modulus of elasticity, porosity, and permeability) state behaviours of systems with reduced amount of PC, the so-called low cement content (LCC) concrete. Results show that is possible to produce eco-efficient concrete maintaining and/or enhancing fresh and hardened properties of the material. Nevertheless, further durability and long-term behaviour must be performed on LCC systems.
9
Paulick, Mark Lloyd. "Effects of Reamer-Femoral Component Offset on Cement Mantle Penetration in Hip Resurfacing Arthroplasty." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2010. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/291.
Full textAbstract:
Hip resurfacing arthroplasty has changed the treatment of end stage arthritis without severe deformity for young, active adults. Presently, there are varying clinical approaches to implant design selection and cementation techniques. The purpose of this project is to determine what amount of reamer-femoral component offset allows for the best cement penetration into the femoral head.
Rapid prototyped femoral component models were produced with reamer femoral component offsets of 0.0 mm, 0.5 mm, and 1.0 mm. After implantation onto models of reamed femoral heads made from high-density open-cell reticulated carbon foam, cement penetration was assessed from cross-sections of the foam-implant unit. Increased offset was found to decrease the extent of cement over penetration from the dome and chamfer. Increased offset also yielded optimal cement penetration as measured from the walls. Finally, increased offset was found to increase the height of cement mantle formation while maintaining complete seating of all implants.
10
Cardenas, José Edgar Valdivia. "Avaliação da espessura de cimento e resistência adesiva de pinos de fibra de vidro cônicos em preparo para retentor intra-radicular realizados com uma ponta ultrassônica desenvolvida." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/23/23156/tde-24012018-114059/.
Full textAbstract:
Preparos para retentores intra-radiculares mais conservadores evitam desgaste desnecessário da estrutura dentinária, requer menos cimento e podem melhorar a retenção adesiva do pino. Assim o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a espessura de cimento ea resistência adesiva de pinos de fibra de vidro cônicos em preparo para retentor intra-radicular realizados com uma ponta ultrassônica desenvolvida. Trinta incisivos laterais superiores foram preparados com limas reciprocantes Wave One Gold (Dentsply Sirona, Ballaigues, Suiça) e aleatoriamente divididos em 2 grupos (n=15) de acordo com a técnica de preparo para pino: grupo US foram preparados com uma ponta ultrassônica desenvolvida, e grupo WP (controle) com a broca recomendada pelo fabricante do pino. Os pinos de fibra de vidro cônicos WhitePost DC 0.5 (FGM, Joinville, SC, Brasil) foram cimentados utilizando cimento resinoso dual nos terços cervical e médio do canal radicular. Isto posto, todos os espécimes foram seccionados transversalmente em três seções (cervical, média e apical do pino) para análise da área de cimento resinoso ao redor do pino que foi calculada através do programa AutoCAD, em seguida, para avaliar a resistência adesiva, o teste de cisalhamento por extrusão foi aplicado através de uma maquina de ensaio universal numa velocidade média de 0.5 mm/min até o deslocamento do conjunto restaurador intra-radicular e o tipo de falha avaliado por estereomicroscopia. A comparação entre grupos e entre terços da área de cimento e resistência adesiva foram analisadas pelo teste t independente e Anova com Tukey; e os tipos de falha entre os grupos por Mann-Whitney, todos com nível de significância de 5%. No grupo ultrassônico foi observado a menor quantidade de cimento (p<0.05) e a resistência adesiva nos diferentes grupos e terços se manifestou maior somente no terço apical do grupo ultrassônico (p<0.05). Falha adesiva entre cimento e dentina foi a mais prevalente do terço cervical e apical do grupo US e cervical de grupo WP. Falha adesiva entre cimento e pino foi a mais prevalente nos demais terços. Conclui-se que o preparo para retentor com a ponta ultrassônica desenvolvida requer menor quantidade de cimento e influencia na melhor resistência de união no terço apical do pino de fibra de vidro.Conservative post space preparations for intra-radicular retainers prevent unnecessary desgaste of the dentin structure, require less cement and improve bond strength of the post. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of resin cement thickness and bond strength of prefabricated glass fiber circular postin post space preparations with an ultrasonic tip developed. Thirtymaxillarylateral incisors were prepared with Wave One Gold reciprocating files (Dentsply Sirona, Ballaigues, Switzerland) and randomly divided into 2 groups (n=15) according to the post preparation technique: gruoup US was prepared with an ultrasonic tip developed and group WP (control) with the drill recommended by the post fabricant. Every glass fiber posts WhitePost DC 0.5 (FGM, Joinville, SC, Brazil) was cemented using dual polymerizing resin cement in the cervical and middle thirdof the root canal. After that, every specimen was sectioned transversally into three sections(cervical, middle and apical of the post) and the resin cement thickness area was calculated with AutoCAD program, the bond strength test was done with an universal testing machineat medium velocity 0.5 mm/min and the failure pattern after the test was analyzed with stereomicroscopy. Datas obtained were analyzed statistically using Student\'s t-Test, ANOVA,andTukey\'s test. The comparison of failure modes between the groups in the different thirds was done using Mann-Whitney test, All of those at a 5% significance. Ultrasonic group presented thinnest layer of cement in all thirds (p<0,05), which also obtained a higher bond strength only in apical third (p<0,05). Adhesive failurebetween cement and dentinwas the most prevalent of the cervical and apical third of G1 and cervical of G2.Adhesive failure between cement and post was the most prevalent in the others thirds. It can be concluded that the postpreparation with the ultrasonic tip developed provides a smaller thickness of resin cement that influenced thebond strength in the apical third of the glass fiber post.
Book chapters on the topic "Cement thickness"
1
Mihashi, H., and N. Ishikawa. "Quantification of Fresh and Mechanical Properties of HFRCC by Excess Paste Thickness." In High Performance Fiber Reinforced Cement Composites 6, 67–74. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2436-5_9.
Full text
2
Hajiesmaeili, Amir, and Emmanuel Denarié. "Effect of Fiber Orientation and Specimen Thickness on the Tensile Response of Strain Hardening UHPFRC Mixes with Reduced Embodied Energy." In Strain-Hardening Cement-Based Composites, 324–32. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-1194-2_38.
Full text
3
Phan-Thien, Nhan, and Sangtae Kim. "Load Transfer Problem and Boundary Collocation." In Microstructures in Elastic Media. Oxford University Press, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195090864.003.0006.
Full textAbstract:
The acoustic and mechanical properties of cemented granular materials such as sedimentary rocks are directly related to the load transfer problem between two granules (Stoll). The theoretical description of granular materials has been based on the Hertzian contact problem between two elastic spherical inclusion in an elastic matrix, or its modifications; a review of the contact problem can be found in Johnson. In essence, the deformation problem resulting from a relative displacement between two nearby spherical elastic inclusions is studied, and the load transfer between the two is used to construct a constitutive theory for the particulate solid. In particular, Dvorkin et al. studied the deformation of an elastic layer between two spherical elastic grains, using a two-dimensional plane strain analysis similar to those of Tu and Gazis and Phan-Thien and Karihalo. They concluded that the elastic properties of the cemented system can depend strongly on the length of the cement layer and the stiffness of the cement. The main problem with the method is the assumption that the contribution to the load transfer between the granules comes from the region near contact. The assumption is well justified in the case where the Poisson’s ratio of the cement layer is 0.5 (incompressible), in which case the problem is equivalent to the corresponding Stokes flow problem where exact and asymptotic solutions are available (see, for example, Kim and Karrila). The Stokes asymptotic solution shows that the leading term in the load transfer is of O(є-1), where є is the dimensionless thickness of the cement layer. In the case where the Poisson’s ratio of the elastic layer is less than 0.5, it is not clear that the load is still strongly singular in є, and therefore a local stress analysis in the region of near contact may not necessarily yield an accurate answer, unless є is extremely small. The load transfer problem is pedagogic in that it allows us to demonstrate an effective technique often used in Stokes flow known as the reflection method, which has its basis in Faxén relations (discussed in the previous chapter).
4
Jiang, M., and F. Zhang. "A simple three-dimensional bond contact model for cemented sands considering the influence of bond width and thickness." In Geomechanics from Micro to Macro, 385–90. CRC Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b17395-68.
Full text
5
El-Bialy, Tarek, Hagai Hazan Molina, Yuval Aizenbud, Wasif Qayyum, Saleem Ali, and Dror Aizenbud. "Effects of Intraligamentary Injection of Osteogenic-Induced Gingival Fibroblasts on Cementum Thickness in the Dog Model of Tooth Root Resorption." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. New York, NY: Springer US, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/5584_2020_551.
Full text
6
Pawlowsky-Glahn, Vera, and Richardo A. Olea. "Application to real data." In Geostatistical Analysis of Compositional Data. Oxford University Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195171662.003.0013.
Full textAbstract:
Methods for spatial correlation analysis and estimation of r-compositions introduced in the foregoing chapters are illustrated here by an example that draws upon real data taken from the Lyons West oil field located in west-central Kansas, USA. Data consist of core analyses of water saturation, saturated thickness and average reservoir porosity over the connate saturated interval at different locations in the Lyons West field. These data are used to compare different possible methods for predicting regionalized compositions. The methods we consider are: 1. a direct approach for estimating compositional variables derived from the original measurements; 2. the basis method, applicable only when there is a random function that can be regarded as the size or accumulation of the regionalized variable under study; 3. the logratio approach, using the additive logratio (air) transformation. Kriging and cokriging estimation methods will be considered for original compositions and for transformed data. Software used for statistical analyses include GSLIB, programs written by Ma and Yao (2001) and ad hoc programs written by the authors. GSLIB is a public-domain library of geostatistical programs written in Fortran (Deutsch and Journel 1998); the other programs are available from their authors. The Lyons West oil field is located at 98° 15' west longitude and 38° 20' north latitude in west-central Kansas, near the center of the United States. The reservoir occurs in Mississippian (Lower Carboniferous) rocks that originated as sediments deposited in the shallow interior sea that covered much of North America in the late Paleozoic. The field was discovered somewhat accidentally in 1963, during the drilling of a deeper Ordovician prospect. Initial oil in place was estimated at 22 million stock-tank barrels of oil. The genesis of the reservoir, composed of carbonate-cemented sands, is interpreted as an offshore bar enclosed in marine shales. Regional uplift tilted the sand body, which was truncated along the western margins by the unconformity marking the base of the Pennsylvanian (Upper Carboniferous). The sandstones interfinger with marine shales to the east, but the eastern margin of the reservoir is defined by the intersection of the oil-water contact with the shale seal at the top of the reservoir interval (Ehm 1965).
Conference papers on the topic "Cement thickness"
1
Sanchez, M. A., W. Sutton, W. Rizk, and J. Tompkins. "Thermal Curing and Strength of PMMA Bone Cement." In ASME 2003 Heat Transfer Summer Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2003-47067.
Full textAbstract:
Many current bone cements have proprietary minor ingredients that affect the chemical kinetics and heat transfer modeling of the exothermic reaction during bone cement polymerization. In addition, the geometry and the method of cooling/curing the bone cement can vary by application. A method for modeling energy generation, based on temperature measurement of various geometries and conditions, expresses the exothermic reaction and the duration with respect to time. Reaction from the bone cement can yield temperatures above 110°C for the air convective cooling boundary condition. Experiments show that by using cold irrigation cooling (saline) with an initial temperature of 1.5°C, the maximum reaction temperature of the PMMA cement approaches 40°C depending upon the thickness of the cement. For bone cement cooled in air and saline at room temperature, the exothermic reaction begins around 400 seconds (8 min) after the compounds are mixed. When cold saline is applied, the time-delay of the reaction is approximately 300 additional seconds compared to the two room temperature cases. Finally, based on compression testing, the structural behavior of the PMMA cement is improved when the material is cured in a slower and wet environment.
2
Osisanya, S. O., and J. Griffith. "Evaluation of Cement Slurry Quality Using Filter Cake Permeability And Thickness." In Annual Technical Meeting. Petroleum Society of Canada, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/97-136.
Full text
3
Sharma, Kal Renganathan. "Critical Thickness of High Temperature Barrier Coatings of Magnesium Oxychloride Sorrel Cement." In ASME 2003 Heat Transfer Summer Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2003-47392.
Full textAbstract:
The critical thickness of high temperature barrier coating is derived to avoid cycling of temperature from the finite speed heat conduction equations. When a cylinder is subject to a step change in temperature at the surface of the cylinder the transient temperature profile is obtained by the method of separation of variables. The finite speed of heat propagation is accounted for by using the modified Fourier’s law of conduction with a heat velocity of √α/τr. In order to avoid pulsations of temperature with respect to time the cylinder has to be maintained at a radius no less than 4.8096√ατr. In the asymptotic limit of infinite heat velocity the governing equation becomes parabolic diffusion equation. In the limit of zero velocity of heat and infinite relaxation time the wave equation result and solution can be obtained by a relativistic coordinate transformation. In the asymptote of zero velocity of heat and zero thermal diffusivity the solution for the dimensionless temperature is a decaying exponential in time. The average temperature of the naval warhead as indicated by UL 1709 test was estimated by using a idealized finite slab, and Leibnitz rule and an analytical expression for the average temperature was obtained using convective boundary condition. The solution is: For1/2>=Bi,<u>=exp(−τ(1/2+sqrt(1/4−Bi*)))ForBi>1/2,<u>=exp(−τ/2)Cos(τsqrt(−1/4+Bi*))) The average temperature is damped oscillatory in time domain. Further the transient temperature profile is represented by an infinite series of decaying exponential in time and Bessel function of the first kind and 0th order. The constant can be obtained from the principle of orthogonality. The bifurcated nature of the exact solution gives rise to the lower limit on the radius to avoid cycling of temperature with respect to time. The exact solution is thus, u=Σ0∝cnJ0(λnX)exp(−τ(1/2−sqrt(1/4−λn2))) and when λn > 1/2 u=Σ0∝cnJ0(λnX)exp(−τ/2Cos(τsqrt(−1/4+λn2)) where, λn=(2.4048+(n−1)π)(√α/τr/R) cn is given by equation (53). The term in the infinite series onward where the contribution is oscillatory is identified.
4
Gardner, Dave, Hans Joakim Skadsem, Katherine Beltrán-Jiménez, Amit Govil, Guillermo Obando Palacio, and Laurent Delabroy. "A Comparison of the Measured Properties of Annular Cement with Ultrasonic Cement Evaluation Logs." In SPE/IADC International Drilling Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/204015-ms.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Different measurement methods have been utilized to investigate the quality of the cement sheath inside two cemented sandwich sections including high-resolution ultrasonic cement evaluation logs, analysis of samples, mechanical loading, and fluid seepage measurements. The sections were recovered from a North Sea well during a permanent plug and abandonment operation. The measurements have been analyzed with an aim to describe in detail the spatial variations in the cement properties and relate them to the logs. Ultrasonic cement evaluation logs were recorded to map the acoustic properties of the annular cement in the casing sections. Logging passes were recorded using different annular fluids and with different internal casing pressures to investigate the potential effect on the casing to cement bond response. The casing annulus was pressure tested using water and gas, and seepage rates were recorded whilst varying the annulus and the inner casing pressures. The sections tested were instrumented with an array of annulus pressure sensors. On one section, strain gauges were installed on the casing outer surface to record the transfer of strain through the cement sheath to the outer casing. The eccentricity of the inner casing was up to 70% compared with the outer casing which results in a substantial variation of the cement sheath thickness. Accordingly, the pressure sensors and strain gauge arrays were positioned to capture both axial and azimuthal variations of the cement sealing properties. Cement mechanical, chemical, and acoustic bulk properties were also measured on core plugs taken from the cement sheath. The log recordings and sensor measurements showed that the cement sheath properties vary considerably, both along the section length and from the narrow to the wide side of the annulus in the casing sandwich sections. The sealing quality of the cement sheath measured by pressure testing could be correlated with the log response. We observed a nearly linear reduction in seepage rates when increasing the inner casing pressure due to the reduction in size of the annular leakage path. Analysis of bulk properties confirm the presence of cement defects such as mud contamination and microannuli. The logs identified features related to the test cell construction that demonstrated the log spatial resolution and enabled an accurate spatial comparison to be made between the logs and cement sheath sealing properties. A comprehensive data set has been recorded on casing in casing-cemented sandwich sections with axial and azimuthal variations in the cement sheath quality. The data analysis has improved the understanding of the cement sheath mechanical properties, the seal quality, and the response of the ultrasonic cement evaluation logs.
5
Wu, Wei, Jianwu Wang, Chao Zhang, and Qingkun Yu. "Research on Method of the Heavy Traffic Airport Cement Concrete Pavement Thickness Design." In 2015 International Conference on Materials, Environmental and Biological Engineering. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/mebe-15.2015.120.
Full text
6
Robbins, Greg, Dave Johnston, and Kevin Laven. "Predicting the Remaining Life of Asbestos Cement Pipe with Acoustic Wall Thickness Testing." In Pipelines 2014. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784413692.025.
Full text
7
Cai, Shanqing, Juntao Liu, Xusheng Wang, and Zhiyi Liu. "THEORETICAL METHOD AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH ON HIGH PRECISION FOUR DETECTOR DENSITY LOGGING." In 2021 SPWLA 62nd Annual Logging Symposium Online. Society of Petrophysicists and Well Log Analysts, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30632/spwla-2021-0066.
Full textAbstract:
In order to better evaluate the formation density, casing and cement ring integrity under casing well conditions, a high precision four detector density logging tool was designed and developed. Theoretical methods and experimental studies are carried out on the relationship between the measured data of the four detector density logging tool and the formation density, casing thickness and cement ring thickness. By carrying out a large number of Monte Carlo simulations and setting up different experimental measurement devices, the effects of casing thickness, cement ring thickness and formation density on the gamma values of the four detectors are studied. The main factors affecting the count rate are determined and the counting response relations of detectors with different source distances are obtained. Based on the theoretical analysis of gamma transport and experimental measurement data, the measured gamma spectrum of each detector is divided into four energy windows, and the nonlinear response model of gamma counting of different energy windows with formation density, casing thickness, cement ring density and cement ring thickness is established. The forward model is used to invert the parameters such as the thickness of cement ring and casing, and the results are compared with the actual experimental values. The results show that with the change of downhole environment, the calculation of cased hole parameters by this physical model has been greatly challenged. In order to overcome the shortcomings of multiple fitting parameters of the forward model and large calculation errors under complex logging environment, a neural network prediction model predicting casing well parameters is established using 60-100keV, 100-140keV, 140-200keV, 200-540keV four energy window count rate. Thegamma-ray counts measured by the four detectors andthe source distance of each detector are regarded asmodel input variables. Experimental results andsimulation results show that the absolute error of theformation density calculation by artificial intelligence method is less than 0.33g/cm3, the absolute error of the casing thickness calculation is less than 0.15cm, and the absolute error of the cement ring thickness calculation is less than 1.2cm. The results show that the four detector density logging tool can be used as an important technical means to evaluate the formation density and the integrity of the casing and cement ring under the condition of cased hole.
8
Samanta, P., Barun Chakrabarti, and S. V. Herwadkar. "Misalignment Effect on Cement Kiln Support Bearing." In STLE/ASME 2008 International Joint Tribology Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ijtc2008-71152.
Full textAbstract:
This paper illustrates the effect of misalignment on performance of cement kiln partial journal bearing. The performance parameters include minimum film thickness, load carrying capacity, power loss and dynamic coefficients such as elastic coefficients and damping coefficients. The bearing analyses have been carried out using a commercial rotor dynamics software package.
9
Wang, Xinguang, Dong Li, Lei Zhang, Feng Zhang, Wenhao Wang, and Hui Gao. "A NOVEL METHOD FOR FORMATION DENSITY MEASUREMENT IN CASED WELLS." In 2021 SPWLA 62nd Annual Logging Symposium Online. Society of Petrophysicists and Well Log Analysts, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30632/spwla-2021-0065.
Full textAbstract:
Density logging is a fundamental logging method of open-hole logging series. In cased wells, the formation is usually treated as a cylindrical multiple-layer model including borehole, casing pipe, cement, and original formation, producing more complicated logging response compared to open-hole wells. Several studies have indicated that it is feasible to measure formation density using a density logging tool in cased well under certain conditions, of which the key problem is to determine casing thickness, cement thickness and cement density. This study proposes a novel method to evaluate formation density behind casing using a three-detector density tool. Considering that the backscattered gamma is easily affected by the density behind the casing, especially when the casing thickness is small, a designed ratio of high and low energy window counts of the scattered gamma spectrum is used to calculate casing thickness, which improves the lower limit of the detection. After obtaining casing thickness, the cylindrical multiple-layer model of cased well can be simplified to a cylindrical three-layer model, consisting of cased borehole, cement, and the original formation. Subsequently, the analytical expressions of the thickness of the middle layer (cement) as well as the density of the outer layer (original formation) can be derived based on the logging geometric factor concept, G, which borrowing from electric logging. Consequently, the cement thickness and original formation density could be calculated independently. To demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed method, experimental data are measured in a group of calibration wells. The data processing results show that the proposed analytical model fit well with the experimental data. In addition, the application conditions of the novel method are discussed based on experimental data. Finally, several log examples illustrate that under suitable casing and cement conditions, the formation density calculated with the proposed method in cased borehole is in good agreement with the corresponding open-hole density.
10
Bracken, Marc, and Dave Johnston. "Acoustic Methods for Determining Remaining Pipe Wall Thickness in Asbestos Cement and Ferrous Pipes." In Pipelines Specialty Conference 2009. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41069(360)26.
Full textReports on the topic "Cement thickness"
1
Thompson, Marshall, and Ramez Hajj. Flexible Pavement Recycling Techniques: A Summary of Activities. Illinois Center for Transportation, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/21-022.
Full textAbstract:
Cold in-place recycling (CIR) involves the recycling of the asphalt portions (including hot-mix asphalt and chip, slurry, and cape seals, as well as others) of a flexible or composite pavement with asphalt emulsion or foamed asphalt as the binding agent. Full-depth reclamation (FDR) includes the recycling of the entire depth of the pavement and, in some cases, a portion of the subgrade with asphalt, cement, or lime products as binding agents. Both processes are extensively utilized in Illinois. This project reviewed CIR and FDR projects identified by the Illinois Department of Transportation (IDOT) from the Transportation Bulletin and provided comments on pavement designs and special provisions. The researchers evaluated the performance of existing CIR/FDR projects through pavement condition surveys and analysis of falling weight deflectometer data collected by IDOT. They also reviewed CIR/FDR literature and updated/modified (as appropriate) previously provided inputs concerning mix design, testing procedures, thickness design, construction, and performance as well as cold central plant recycling (CCPR) literature related to design and construction. The team monitored the performance of test sections at the National Center for Asphalt Technology and Virginia Department of Transportation. The researchers assisted IDOT in the development of a CCPR special provision as well as responded to IDOT inquiries and questions concerning issues related to CIR, FDR, and CCPR. They attended meetings of IDOT’s FDR with the Cement Working Group and provided input in the development of a special provision for FDR with cement. The project’s activities confirmed that CIR, FDR, and CCPR techniques are successfully utilized in Illinois. Recommendations for improving the above-discussed techniques are provided.